Debugging method and system based on compressed air and lithium battery hybrid energy storage power station

Abstract

The invention discloses a debugging method and system based on a compressed air and lithium battery hybrid energy storage power station, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent debugging of energy storage power stations. The method comprises the steps that S1, load deviation is determined based on a power grid side load curve and a power grid dispatching instruction, and load change types are classified based on the load deviation; the load change type comprises intermediate frequency fluctuation and low frequency fluctuation; s2, performing cooperative debugging on a lithium battery energy storage system and a compressed air energy storage system based on the load change type; and S3, carrying out comprehensive evaluation on the running state of the hybrid energy storage power station after collaborative debugging, and correcting parameters based on a comprehensive evaluation result to complete debugging of the hybrid energy storage power station. Compressed air energy storage and lithium battery energy storage are organically combined, a parallel direct current bus integrated framework is adopted, the hybrid energy storage power station high in flexibility, high in efficiency and long in service life is constructed, and advantage complementation and function collaboration are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent commissioning technology for energy storage power stations, specifically relating to a commissioning method and system for a hybrid energy storage power station based on compressed air and lithium batteries. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of the "dual carbon" goals, wind and solar energy, as major sources of green energy, have undergone widespread application. However, the inherent variability and intermittency of high-proportion wind and solar power pose significant challenges to the security and stability of the power grid. Problems such as grid fluctuations and peak-valley imbalances caused by grid connection are becoming increasingly prominent, often leading to power shortages or surpluses when power generation and demand are mismatched. Energy storage systems have become a key solution to address these challenges, achieving a dynamic balance between renewable energy generation and demand by buffering fluctuations.

[0003] Energy storage systems can be broadly categorized into short-term and long-term storage based on response time. Short-term energy storage, such as battery energy storage, provides rapid power response, while long-term energy storage helps extend energy management. Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is an advanced energy storage technology, primarily consisting of two stages: storage and release. During peak electricity demand periods, CAES generates electricity by expanding high-pressure air stored in a chamber using a turbine. During off-peak periods, a compressor pressurizes the air stored in a sealed chamber, converting electrical energy into compressed air energy to achieve peak shaving and valley filling. CAES offers advantages such as high scalability, rapid response, and long discharge time, making it suitable for long-term energy storage. Lithium-ion battery energy storage, due to its high energy density, rapid charge / discharge capability, and long cycle life, has become one of the most mainstream energy storage technologies. A hybrid energy storage power station combining CAES and lithium-ion batteries—combining long-term capacity and short-term power—can simultaneously meet the grid's multi-timescale regulation needs by utilizing both CAES for long-term peak shaving and valley filling and lithium-ion batteries to handle high-frequency fluctuations at the second / minute level.

[0004] However, hybrid energy storage power stations involve multiple devices such as compressed air energy storage equipment, lithium batteries, control modules, and grid interfaces, making their commissioning process more complex than that of single energy storage power stations. Currently, the commissioning of hybrid energy storage power stations still follows the commissioning approach for single energy storage devices, lacking a targeted collaborative commissioning technology system. This results in generally long commissioning cycles for power stations, and frequent power surges and strategy mismatches after grid connection, severely hindering the promotion of hybrid energy storage technology.

[0005] Specifically, existing technologies have the following drawbacks: Regarding single-function energy storage, they suffer from limitations such as single function, performance bottlenecks, and restricted application scenarios. Electrochemical energy storage, represented by lithium-ion batteries, is suitable for rapid dynamic scenarios such as frequency regulation and voltage support due to its millisecond-level response speed and high round-trip efficiency. However, its cycle life is limited, and battery capacity gradually decreases over long-term operation, leading to increased life-cycle costs. Large-scale deployment of lithium-ion battery energy storage power stations requires complex battery management and thermal protection systems, increasing the complexity of the control system and safety hazards. On the other hand, medium- and long-term energy storage is also widely used in energy storage power stations. Compressed air energy storage, as a typical example of medium- and long-term energy storage, possesses a large storage capacity of hundreds of megawatts and a lifespan of decades, making it particularly suitable for peak shaving and valley filling and long-term energy dispatch. However, its power density is low, its start-up time is long, and it is difficult to cope with rapid frequency fluctuations.

[0006] While hybrid energy storage systems aim to compensate for the shortcomings of single-energy storage through multi-technology coupling, they still reveal complexities in practical engineering applications. During the construction of hybrid energy storage power stations, the difficulty of system integration increases with the addition of different energy storage units, with energy distribution and control issues among these units becoming major challenges. Existing traditional energy storage power stations rely on manual experience to adjust collaborative control parameters, lacking data-driven intelligent optimization tools, resulting in low parameter matching and the overall system benefits failing to reach target levels. The lack of standardized commissioning procedures and judgment criteria leads to significant differences in execution among different commissioning teams, easily resulting in missed checks, repeated commissioning, long commissioning cycles, and high costs.

[0007] Therefore, developing a commissioning method for a hybrid energy storage power station that can operate stably and adapt to complex environments using compressed air and lithium batteries has become a key research focus in the field of hybrid energy storage technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to fully consider the coupling characteristics of compressed air energy storage and lithium batteries, combining the large capacity and long-term energy storage characteristics of compressed air energy storage with the high power density and fast response capability of lithium batteries to achieve multi-scale synergistic complementarity and avoid single-system overload. Through a collaborative control strategy, battery life is extended and power fluctuations are reduced, thereby achieving stable operation with fast response and accurate power tracking. In a parallel DC bus architecture, compressed air energy storage and lithium battery energy storage share the same high-voltage DC bus and are connected to the grid through an inverter, reducing energy conversion steps and lowering system losses.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a commissioning method for a hybrid energy storage power station based on compressed air and lithium batteries, comprising the following steps: S1. Determine the load deviation based on the grid-side load curve and grid dispatch instructions, and classify the load change types based on the load deviation; the load change types include: medium-frequency fluctuations and low-frequency fluctuations; S2. Based on the load change type, perform coordinated debugging of the lithium battery energy storage system and the compressed air energy storage system; S3. Conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the operating status of the hybrid energy storage power station after collaborative commissioning. Based on the results of the comprehensive evaluation, correct the parameters and complete the commissioning of the hybrid energy storage power station.

[0010] More preferably, in S1, the method for calculating the load deviation includes: ; in, ; In the formula, Indicates load deviation; Represents the load curve on the grid side; Indicates power grid dispatch instructions; Represents the base load curve; Indicates the morning peak load component; Indicates the evening peak load component; This represents random fluctuation components.

[0011] More preferably, the time scale of the load deviation is analyzed, and the load change type is divided into medium-frequency fluctuations and low-frequency fluctuations; The intermediate frequency fluctuations include load fluctuations with a change period in the minute range within a preset time window; The low-frequency fluctuations include load change trends with a change cycle of hours or longer over a longer time scale.

[0012] More preferably, when the load change type is medium-frequency fluctuation, a lithium battery energy storage system is used for medium-frequency power regulation, and the regulation method includes: when > At that time, the lithium battery discharges, and the discharge power is... satisfy: ; when ≤ During charging, the lithium battery has a charging power of [missing information]. satisfy: ; lithium battery state of charge Updated to: ; In the formula, and These represent charging efficiency and discharging efficiency, respectively. Indicates the rated capacity of the lithium battery. For time step; superscript This indicates the corresponding maximum upper limit value.

[0013] More preferably, when the load change type is low-frequency fluctuation, a compressed air energy storage system is used for low-frequency energy transfer and peak shaving, the method including: when > At that time, the discharge power of the compressed air energy storage system satisfy: ; when ≤ At that time, the charging power of the compressed air energy storage system satisfy: ; State of charge of compressed air energy storage system Updated to: ; In the formula, , These represent the charging efficiency and discharging efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system, respectively.

[0014] More preferably, in S2, the constraints of collaborative commissioning include: a constraint prohibiting the same energy storage unit from charging and discharging simultaneously at the same time, a constraint on the difference in state of charge, and a constraint on the rate of power change. The constraint prohibiting the simultaneous charging and discharging of the same energy storage unit at the same time includes: For lithium batteries: When >0, =0; When >0, =0; For compressed air energy storage systems: When >0, =0; When >0, =0.

[0015] More preferably, in S3, the indicators used for comprehensive evaluation include: load peak-valley difference improvement indicators, state-of-charge safety operation evaluation indicators, power continuity and smoothness evaluation indicators, and comprehensive evaluation indicators; The load peak-valley difference improvement index is used to evaluate the peak shaving and valley filling effects before and after commissioning. The state-of-charge safety operation assessment index is used to evaluate the energy storage unit. Does it exceed the range? The power continuity and smoothness evaluation indicators are used to assess whether the ramp rate exceeds the range; The comprehensive evaluation index is used to assess whether the evaluation score of the hybrid energy storage power station's operating status exceeds the threshold.

[0016] This invention also provides a commissioning system for a hybrid energy storage power station based on compressed air and lithium batteries, comprising: The load change type classification module is used to determine the load deviation based on the grid-side load curve and grid dispatch instructions, and to classify the load change type based on the load deviation; the load change type includes: medium frequency fluctuation and low frequency fluctuation; A collaborative debugging module is used to perform collaborative debugging of the lithium battery energy storage system and the compressed air energy storage system based on the load change type. The comprehensive evaluation module is used to comprehensively evaluate the operating status of the hybrid energy storage power station after collaborative commissioning. Based on the results of the comprehensive evaluation, the parameters are corrected to complete the commissioning of the hybrid energy storage power station.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The commissioning method for a hybrid energy storage power station based on compressed air energy storage and lithium battery proposed in this invention introduces a collaborative commissioning mechanism for the hybrid energy storage system during the commissioning phase. This achieves a reasonable division of labor among different energy storage technologies in terms of power regulation and energy transfer. This not only improves the operational stability and safety of the hybrid energy storage system, but also significantly improves the grid-connected load characteristics, reduces the operating stress of energy storage equipment, and shortens the power station commissioning cycle.

[0018] This invention organically combines compressed air energy storage with lithium battery energy storage, employing a parallel DC bus integrated architecture to construct a highly flexible, efficient, and long-life hybrid energy storage power station, achieving complementary advantages and functional synergy. This invention optimizes the mode switching strategy and applies it to the hybrid energy storage collaborative operation control strategy of independent energy storage power stations, achieving synergistic complementarity of "mid-frequency smoothing - low-frequency shifting" across multiple time scales. It also proposes a novel commissioning strategy, the "CL commissioning strategy." This effectively solves the problems of insufficient synergy, low commissioning efficiency, and unstable operation in existing hybrid energy storage power station commissioning processes, demonstrating significant technological advancement and engineering application value. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the commissioning method of a hybrid energy storage power station based on compressed air and lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the curves of lithium battery energy storage power, compressed air energy storage power, and total power of the hybrid energy storage system over time in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state of charge of a lithium battery energy storage system changing over time according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram comparing the original load curve before the hybrid energy storage commissioning and the load curve after the commissioning method of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1: like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a commissioning method for a hybrid energy storage power station based on compressed air and lithium batteries, namely the novel commissioning strategy "CL commissioning strategy". For the energy management of independent energy storage power stations, the collaborative control strategy dynamically allocates the two types of energy storage units according to grid dispatch instructions, wind and solar power generation, and load trends. "Medium-frequency smoothing" addresses minute-level power fluctuations, with the lithium battery leading the response and providing inertial support and primary frequency regulation services. "Low-frequency transfer" involves energy transfer tasks lasting several hours or more, primarily undertaken by the compressed air energy storage system, avoiding capacity decay and efficiency reduction caused by frequent deep charging and discharging of the lithium battery. When participating in frequency regulation ancillary services, the lithium battery responds to second-level frequency regulation instructions, while the compressed air energy storage system provides continuous power support. When participating in peak shaving services, the compressed air energy storage system undertakes the main peak shaving capacity, while the lithium battery assists in smoothing mid-frequency fluctuations during peak shaving, maximizing the synergistic benefits of electrical energy and ancillary services. A smooth switching mechanism is adopted for switching energy storage systems. When switching compressed air energy storage modes, the lithium battery first dynamically adjusts its output to compensate for the response delay, and then reverts to its previous state after the compressed air energy storage stabilizes, avoiding power superposition shocks. Specifically, the commissioning method includes the following steps: S1. Determine the load deviation based on the grid-side load curve and grid dispatch instructions, and classify the load change types based on the load deviation; the load change types include: medium frequency fluctuations and low frequency fluctuations.

[0024] In this embodiment, during the commissioning phase, operating conditions for the commissioning of the hybrid energy storage power station were first established. These operating conditions include at least: grid-side load curves or grid dispatch commands, rated power, rated capacity, initial state of charge, and permissible operating range of the lithium battery energy storage system and the compressed air energy storage system.

[0025] (1) Setting the test period: In this embodiment, the test period is set to 24 hours, denoted as: =24 hours as the time step, the debugging time is discretized into: =1, 2, ..., .in, Indicates the number of the first debugging session. Hours.

[0026] (2) Construction of the base load curve: In order to simulate the intraday periodic changes in the power grid load, a base load curve is constructed. This embodiment uses a sine function to represent the expression: ; In the formula, the constant term 50 represents the daily average load level (MW); the sine term has an amplitude of 50MW and is used to reflect the periodic fluctuations of the electricity load.

[0027] (3) Overlay of morning and evening peak loads: To characterize typical morning and evening peak electricity consumption, morning and evening peak components are overlaid on the base load. Morning peak load component Represented as: ; In the formula, the peak center is located at =9 (i.e., around 9:00), with a peak amplitude of approximately 60MW.

[0028] Evening peak load component Represented as: ; In the formula, the peak center is located at =18 (i.e., around 18:00), with a peak amplitude of approximately 80MW.

[0029] (4) Introducing a random fluctuation component: To simulate load fluctuations caused by the uncertainty of output from new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics, a random disturbance component is superimposed on the base load and peak load. Let the random fluctuation component be denoted as... Its amplitude characteristic is on the order of 15MW, which satisfies the zero-mean random distribution and is used to characterize the random fluctuations brought about by the access of new energy sources.

[0030] (5) Composite load curve: The base load, morning and evening peak load and random fluctuations are superimposed to obtain the composite load curve of the grid side under the commissioning condition. : .

[0031] This load curve comprehensively reflects the intraday periodic changes of the power grid, typical peak-valley characteristics, and random fluctuation characteristics after the introduction of new energy sources.

[0032] (6) Load limiting and smoothing: To ensure the rationality of the operating conditions, the obtained composite load curve is subjected to load limiting and smoothing. First, upper and lower limits are imposed on the load to ensure that it meets the following requirements: 20≤ ≤200; The lower limit of 20MW is used to avoid excessively low, unrealistic load values, while the upper limit of 200MW is used to limit extreme high loads.

[0033] Based on this, Smoothing processes, such as using moving averages or other filtering algorithms, can reduce high-frequency spike components, making the processed load curve more continuous and smoother, and more in line with the actual power grid operating characteristics.

[0034] (7) Energy storage system parameter settings: Under this commissioning condition, the lithium battery energy storage system has a rated power of 20MW and a rated capacity of 80MWh; the initial state of charge is 50%, and the allowable operating range is 10% to 95%. The compressed air energy storage system has a rated power of 80MW and a rated capacity of 320MWh; the initial state of charge is 50%, and the allowable operating range is 15% to 95%.

[0035] The commissioning conditions constructed through the above steps enable the load curve to simultaneously include minute-level mid-frequency fluctuations and hour-level low-frequency change trends. This allows for the simultaneous verification of the smoothing ability of lithium battery energy storage to mid-frequency power fluctuations and the ability of compressed air energy storage to undertake low-frequency energy transfer and peak-shaving tasks during the commissioning phase, thereby improving the applicability of the commissioning results to actual engineering operations.

[0036] After completing the commissioning condition setup, the lithium battery energy storage system and the compressed air energy storage system underwent coordinated commissioning. Coordinated commissioning was based on the time scale of load changes, categorizing load changes into medium-frequency fluctuations and low-frequency fluctuations. Medium-frequency fluctuations refer to load fluctuations with a change period in the minute range within a preset time window, characterized by rapid load deviation changes and short durations. Low-frequency fluctuations refer to load change trends with a change period in the hour range or longer over a longer time scale, characterized by slow load deviation changes and longer durations. When load changes are minute-level medium-frequency fluctuations, the lithium battery energy storage system prioritizes power regulation; when load changes exhibit low-frequency trends in the hour range or longer, the compressed air energy storage system prioritizes energy transfer and peak shaving tasks.

[0037] The charging and discharging power of the two energy storage systems is coordinated and controlled to achieve the division of labor and cooperation of "medium frequency smoothing - low frequency transfer".

[0038] At any given moment t According to the load curve on the power grid side With power grid dispatch instructions The deviations between loads and their variation characteristics, and the methods for calculating load deviations include: ; in, ; In the formula, Indicates load deviation; Represents the load curve on the grid side; Indicates power grid dispatch instructions; Represents the base load curve; Indicates the morning peak load component; Indicates the evening peak load component; It represents random fluctuation components (including fluctuations caused by uncertainties in the output of new energy sources such as wind and solar power, prediction errors, and random load disturbances).

[0039] S2. Conduct coordinated commissioning of lithium battery energy storage system and compressed air energy storage system based on load change type.

[0040] In this embodiment, when the load change type is medium-frequency fluctuation, a lithium battery energy storage system is used for medium-frequency power regulation. The regulation method includes: when > At that time, the lithium battery discharges, and the discharge power is... satisfy: ; when ≤ During charging, the lithium battery has a charging power of [missing information]. satisfy: ; lithium battery state of charge Updated to: ; In the formula, and These represent charging efficiency and discharging efficiency, respectively. Indicates the rated capacity of the lithium battery. For time step; superscript This indicates the corresponding maximum upper limit value.

[0041] For the updated Apply upper and lower bound constraints to satisfy: ; In the formula, , These represent the minimum and maximum allowable states of charge (SOC) of a lithium battery, respectively.

[0042] When the load change type is low-frequency fluctuation, a compressed air energy storage system is used for low-frequency energy transfer and peak shaving. Methods include: when > At that time, the discharge power of the compressed air energy storage system satisfy: .

[0043] when ≤ At that time, the charging power of the compressed air energy storage system satisfy: .

[0044] State of charge of compressed air energy storage system Updated to: ; In the formula, , These represent the charging efficiency and discharging efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system, respectively.

[0045] For the updated Apply upper and lower bound constraints to satisfy: ; In the formula, , These represent the minimum and maximum allowable states of charge for a compressed air energy storage system, respectively.

[0046] Constraints are imposed on the collaborative commissioning process, including: constraints prohibiting the simultaneous charging and discharging of the same energy storage unit at the same time, constraints on the difference in state of charge, and constraints on the rate of power change.

[0047] The constraints prohibiting the simultaneous charging and discharging of the same energy storage unit at the same time include: For lithium batteries: When >0, =0; When >0, =0.

[0048] For compressed air energy storage systems: When >0, =0; When >0, =0.

[0049] The state-of-charge difference constraints include: To ensure that the energy states of the two energy storage units remain coordinated, the difference in the state of charge between lithium battery energy storage and compressed air energy storage is limited to no more than a preset threshold. : .

[0050] This constraint is used to prevent a certain energy storage unit from being in an extremely high or extremely low state of charge for a long period of time, thereby improving the overall lifespan and operational safety at the system level.

[0051] Power change rate constraints include: To improve the continuity of power output and the smoothness of the grid-side power curve, the power variation of each energy storage unit between adjacent time steps is limited to a preset ramp rate limit. .

[0052] The power variation of a lithium battery satisfies: .

[0053] The power variation of the compressed air energy storage system satisfies: ; In the formula, Lithium batteries can be used at all times The net output power (positive for discharging, negative for charging). For compressed air energy storage systems at all times The net output power.

[0054] By applying the above constraints, the power output of the energy storage system can be effectively smoothed, the impact on the power grid and equipment can be reduced, and the operational stability of the hybrid energy storage power station can be improved during the collaborative commissioning process.

[0055] S3. Conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the operating status of the hybrid energy storage power station after collaborative commissioning. Based on the results of the comprehensive evaluation, correct the parameters and complete the commissioning of the hybrid energy storage power station.

[0056] After the hybrid energy storage system is successfully commissioned, its operational status is comprehensively evaluated to determine whether the commissioning has achieved the expected goals. In this embodiment, the comprehensive evaluation uses the following indicators: load peak-valley difference improvement indicator, state-of-charge (SOC) safety operation evaluation indicator, power continuity and smoothness evaluation indicator, and comprehensive evaluation indicator. The load peak-valley difference improvement indicator is used to evaluate the peak shaving and valley filling effects before and after commissioning; the SOC safety operation evaluation indicator is used to evaluate the energy storage unit's... Whether it exceeds the range; the power continuity and smoothness evaluation index is used to assess whether the ramp rate exceeds the range; the comprehensive evaluation index is used to assess whether the operating status evaluation score of the hybrid energy storage power station exceeds the threshold.

[0057] Specifically, the indicators for improving the peak-valley load difference include: The load peak-to-valley difference before commissioning was: .

[0058] The load peak-to-valley difference after commissioning is: ; in, The original load curve when the debugging method of this invention was not used; This is the equivalent load curve after employing the hybrid energy storage coordinated commissioning method of this invention. If the commissioning meets the requirements... < This suggests that the peak shaving and valley filling effects have improved.

[0059] The indicators for assessing safe operation under state of charge include: ; ; In the formula, superscript This represents the corresponding minimum lower limit value; if any energy storage unit's If the above range is exceeded, it is considered that the current debugging parameter configuration is not reasonable in terms of energy management and needs further adjustment.

[0060] The evaluation metrics for power continuity and smoothness include: ; .

[0061] During commissioning and evaluation, it is permissible for the energy storage system to experience instances where the power change rate exceeds the aforementioned ramp rate constraint. The number of power change rate exceedances is statistically analyzed. If the number of such occurrences does not exceed a preset threshold within a complete commissioning cycle, the energy storage system's power regulation process is deemed to have acceptable continuity and smoothness. If the number of power change rate exceedances exceeds the preset threshold, the energy storage system's power regulation process is considered too aggressive under the current commissioning parameter configuration, requiring adjustments to the power allocation strategy, ramp rate limit, or control parameters, and a re-execution of the hybrid energy storage collaborative commissioning.

[0062] The comprehensive evaluation indicators include: based on the improvement of the load peak-valley difference, A comprehensive evaluation index for the operation of hybrid energy storage is constructed based on indicators such as safety and power smoothness. .

[0063] The peak shaving and valley filling effect is characterized by the load peak-valley difference improvement rate index, which can be expressed as the relative improvement degree of the load peak-valley difference before and after commissioning; the safety of state-of-charge operation is characterized by the state-of-charge exceeding the limit, which can be quantified based on the occurrence of the energy storage system's state of charge exceeding the safe operating range during the commissioning period; the smoothness of power output is characterized by the satisfaction of power change rate constraints, which can be statistically analyzed based on the occurrence of the power change rate exceeding the preset ramp rate threshold.

[0064] In this embodiment, the comprehensive evaluation index can be constructed using a weighted summation method, and is expressed as follows: ; in, The indicator is the rate of improvement in the peak-valley load difference. For safety indicators of operation under charged state, This is an indicator of power output smoothness. , , The corresponding weighting coefficient is set according to the power grid operation requirements and commissioning objectives, and the sum of the weighting coefficients is 1.

[0065] When comprehensive evaluation indicators If the comprehensive evaluation index is not less than the preset evaluation threshold, the hybrid energy storage power station is deemed to have passed the commissioning. If the comprehensive evaluation index is less than the preset evaluation threshold, it is considered that the current commissioning parameter configuration has not met the target operation requirements. It is necessary to correct parameters such as power allocation strategy, state-of-charge operation range or power change rate constraint, and re-execute the hybrid energy storage collaborative commissioning.

[0066] In this embodiment, parameter correction may include, but is not limited to, the following aspects: if the load peak-valley difference after adjustment Still greater than Then, by adjusting the power allocation ratio and scheduling strategy between lithium batteries and compressed air energy storage, appropriately increasing the charging power ceiling or optimizing the energy allocation logic, the peak shaving and valley filling effect can be further enhanced; if the lithium battery or compressed air energy storage... If it exceeds its safe operating range, the minimum operating value of the corresponding energy storage unit will be adjusted. and maximum Limits can be set, or the charging and discharging control strategy can be optimized to avoid overcharging and over-discharging. If the power change rate of the energy storage system exceeds the preset ramp rate limit, the ramp rate threshold can be appropriately reduced, or the power regulation algorithm can be adjusted to make the power change process smoother.

[0067] After successful commissioning, the power allocation rules, state-of-charge operating range, and collaborative commissioning parameters verified through hybrid energy storage collaborative commissioning are written into the control system of the hybrid energy storage power station for subsequent grid-connected operation and actual dispatch control. This step achieves an effective connection between the commissioning and operation phases, ensuring that the commissioning results can be applied stably and sustainably to the engineering operation of the hybrid energy storage power station over the long term.

[0068] Example 2: This embodiment provides a commissioning system for a hybrid energy storage power station based on compressed air and lithium batteries, used to implement the adjustment method described in Embodiment 1. The system includes: a load change type classification module, used to determine load deviation based on the grid-side load curve and grid dispatch instructions, and to classify load change types based on the load deviation; load change types include: medium-frequency fluctuations and low-frequency fluctuations; a collaborative commissioning module, used to perform collaborative commissioning of the lithium battery energy storage system and the compressed air energy storage system based on the load change type; and a comprehensive evaluation module, used to comprehensively evaluate the operating status of the hybrid energy storage power station after collaborative commissioning, and to correct parameters based on the comprehensive evaluation results, thereby completing the commissioning of the hybrid energy storage power station.

[0069] Example 3: The commissioning method proposed in this invention has achieved significant technical effects in terms of the coordinated operation of hybrid energy storage systems, the safety of energy storage devices, and the improvement of grid load characteristics.

[0070] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, under the commissioning method of this invention, lithium battery energy storage mainly undertakes the task of regulating power changes that are rapid and have small amplitudes, while compressed air energy storage system mainly undertakes the task of regulating energy changes that are slow and have large amplitudes. The two complement each other in terms of time and power scales. Through the above commissioning method, the total output power curve of the hybrid energy storage system is made more continuous and smooth, avoiding the problems of excessive power fluctuations or response lags that may occur when a single energy storage system is running, and significantly improving the overall stability of the hybrid energy storage power station under complex operating conditions.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, under the debugging method of this invention, the state of charge of the lithium battery energy storage remains within the preset safe operating range, and the change process is smooth and continuous, without frequent and large-scale charge and discharge fluctuations. Through the coordinated debugging of the hybrid energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage no longer undertakes the task of long-term, high-energy transfer, but is mainly used for medium-frequency power regulation, thereby effectively reducing the operating stress of the lithium battery, reducing the number of deep charge and discharge cycles, improving the operational safety of the energy storage system, and helping to extend the service life of the lithium battery.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, after commissioning, the peak value of the load curve decreased significantly, the valley value increased significantly, and the overall load change became smoother, exhibiting a clear peak shaving and valley filling effect. Through commissioning, the hybrid energy storage power station can effectively alleviate the peak-valley fluctuations of the grid load during grid-connected operation, reduce peak-hour power supply pressure, and improve load utilization during off-peak hours, thereby enhancing the grid's ability to accept new energy and energy storage systems and improving the safety and reliability of the power station's grid-connected operation.

[0073] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A debugging method for a compressed air and lithium battery hybrid energy storage power station, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, determining a load deviation based on a power grid side load curve and a power grid dispatching instruction, and classifying a load change type based on the load deviation; The load change type comprises a medium frequency fluctuation and a low frequency fluctuation; S2, cooperatively debugging a lithium battery energy storage system and a compressed air energy storage system based on the load change type; S3, comprehensively evaluating an operation state of the cooperatively debugged hybrid energy storage power station, correcting parameters based on a result of the comprehensive evaluation, and completing debugging of the hybrid energy storage power station.

2. The debugging method of the compressed air and lithium battery hybrid energy storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the calculation method of the load deviation comprises: ； Wherein, ； wherein represents the load deviation; represents the grid-side load curve; represents the grid dispatch instruction; represents the base load curve; represents the morning peak load component; represents the evening peak load component; represents the random fluctuation component.

3. The debugging method of the compressed air and lithium battery hybrid energy storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time scale of the load deviation is analyzed, and the load change type is classified into a medium frequency fluctuation and a low frequency fluctuation; The medium frequency fluctuation comprises a load fluctuation with a change period in a minute level range within a preset time window; The low frequency fluctuation comprises a load change trend with a change period in a hour level and above range within a longer time scale.

4. The debugging method of the compressed air and lithium battery hybrid energy storage power station according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the load change type is the medium frequency fluctuation, the lithium battery energy storage system is used for medium frequency power regulation, and the method for regulation comprises: When > the lithium battery is discharged, the discharge power satisfies: ; When ≤ Lithium battery is charged, the charging power satisfies: ; Lithium battery state of charge Updated to read: ； wherein and respectively represent the lithium battery charging efficiency and the lithium battery discharging efficiency; represents the lithium battery rated capacity, is the time step; the superscript represents the corresponding maximum upper limit value.

5. The debugging method of the compressed air and lithium battery hybrid energy storage power station according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the load change type is the low frequency fluctuation, the compressed air energy storage system is used for low frequency energy transfer and peak regulation, and the method comprises: When > the compressed air energy storage system discharge power satisfies: ； When ≤ the compressed air energy storage system charging power satisfies: ； State of charge of compressed air energy storage systems Updated to read: ； In the formula, , respectively represent the charging efficiency and discharging efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system.

6. The debugging method of the compressed air and lithium battery hybrid energy storage power station according to claim 5, characterized in that, In S2, the constraints of the cooperative debugging comprise a constraint that a same energy storage unit is prohibited from charging and discharging at the same time, a state of charge difference constraint, and a power change rate constraint; The constraint that the same energy storage unit is prohibited from charging and discharging at the same time comprises: For the lithium battery: >0, =0; >0, =0; For the compressed air energy storage system: >0, =0; > 0, = 0.

7. The debugging method of the compressed air and lithium battery hybrid energy storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the indexes used for the comprehensive evaluation comprise a load peak valley difference improvement index, a state of charge safe operation evaluation index, a power continuity and smoothness evaluation index, and a comprehensive evaluation index; The load peak valley difference improvement index is used for evaluating a peak clipping and valley filling effect before and after the debugging; The state of charge safety operation evaluation index is used to evaluate whether the energy storage unit exceeds the range; The power continuity and smoothness evaluation index is used for evaluating whether a climbing rate exceeds a range; The comprehensive evaluation index is used for evaluating whether an operation state evaluation score of the hybrid energy storage power station exceeds a threshold.

8. A commissioning system for a compressed air and lithium battery hybrid energy storage plant, the commissioning system being configured to implement the commissioning method of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Comprise: A load change type classification module for determining a load deviation based on a power grid side load curve and a power grid dispatching instruction, and classifying a load change type based on the load deviation; The load change type comprises a medium frequency fluctuation and a low frequency fluctuation; A cooperative debugging module for cooperatively debugging a lithium battery energy storage system and a compressed air energy storage system based on the load change type; A comprehensive evaluation module for comprehensively evaluating an operation state of the cooperatively debugged hybrid energy storage power station, correcting parameters based on a result of the comprehensive evaluation, and completing debugging of the hybrid energy storage power station.

Images