Charging control method, terminal, and computer-readable medium

Abstract

A charging control method includes the steps of: S1: acquiring a current impedance value of a set of impedance parameters of a battery, the set of impedance parameters consisting of at least one impedance parameter; S2: determining a current index in an electrochemical impedance spectrum data model based on charge state information of the battery; S3: comparing the current impedance value with a preset impedance parameter value corresponding to the current index, the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model including preset impedance parameter values ​​of the set of impedance parameters corresponding to different indexes; and S4: determining a charging current based on the comparison result. The method can achieve fast charging while ensuring the life and safety of the battery. The present application also includes a terminal and a computer-readable medium.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application claims priority from Patent Application No. 202310714508.7 filed with the China Patent Office on June 15, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of charging technology. [Background technology]

[0003] Batteries are widely used in daily life, and fast charging technology is an important technology for improving user experience. Fast charging mainly includes high-voltage fast charging and low-voltage, high-current fast charging. During fast charging, the current flowing into the battery increases, which causes heat loss and increases the battery temperature. If the battery is left in a high-temperature state for a long time, it will accelerate degradation, affect the battery life, and pose safety risks.

[0004] With the development of fast charging technology, the power of fast charging is constantly increasing, and the lifespan and safety issues caused by the rise in battery temperature due to fast charging are becoming more prominent. How to fast charge without affecting battery lifespan and ensuring safety has become an important direction of industry research. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The disclosed embodiments provide a charging control method, a terminal, and a computer-readable medium. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a charging control method including the steps of: acquiring a current impedance value of a set of impedance parameters of a battery, where the set of impedance parameters consists of at least one impedance parameter; determining a current index in an electrochemical impedance spectrum data model based on state-of-charge information of the battery; comparing the current impedance value with a preset impedance parameter value corresponding to the current index, where the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes preset impedance parameter values ​​of the set of impedance parameters corresponding to different indexes; and determining a charging current based on a comparison result.

[0007] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal including one or more processors and a memory having one or more programs stored therein, the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, causing the one or more processors to realize the charging control method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0008] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program, when executed by a processor, realizing the charging control method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a flow diagram of a charging control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] 10 is a flow diagram of some steps of another charging control method in an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a flow diagram illustrating some steps of yet another charging control method in an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4]10 is a schematic flow diagram of some steps of yet another charging control method in an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a battery in an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the impedance of a battery in an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 10 is a schematic flow diagram of some steps of yet another charging control method in an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 1 is a schematic diagram of a computer-readable medium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture for fast charging in an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of charging control in one embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of charging control in another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the following detailed description of the charging control method, terminal, and computer-readable medium provided by the present disclosure will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0011] Exemplary embodiments are described more fully below with reference to the drawings, but the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make this disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0012] Unless contradictory, each embodiment and each feature in each embodiment in this disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0013] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0014] The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" used herein are intended to include the plural. Additionally, the use of the terms "comprising" and / or "consisting of" herein indicates the presence of said features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0015] Unless otherwise specified, the meanings of all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein are the same as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art. For example, terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the relevant art and in the context of this disclosure, and it is understood that they should not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning unless expressly so limited in the present text.

[0016] In some related technologies, the key to fast charging technology is to increase the charger's output power within the range of the battery's charging curve, thereby increasing the battery's charging current and shortening the charging time. There are two ways to achieve high-power output from a charger: high output voltage and low-voltage, high-current.

[0017] A high output voltage increases the charger's output voltage, thereby increasing the charger's output power. Under the same input current, the terminal's charging conversion chip obtains greater input power through a high input voltage and converts it into a larger output current, allowing the battery to obtain a larger charging current and shortening the charging time. During the charging process, the terminal's charging algorithm implementation control means instructs the charger to output an appropriate high voltage based on the detected battery and charging conversion chip status. The high voltage is transmitted to the terminal's charging conversion chip, which converts it into a voltage and corresponding current suitable for the battery and charges the battery.

[0018] Low voltage and high current increase the charger's output current, which increases the charger's output power and allows the battery to obtain a large charging current. The main implementation method of low voltage and high current is direct charging, that is, the charger directly charges the battery. When the charging process enters the fast charging stage, the terminal's charging algorithm implementation control means notifies the charger to output an appropriate current and voltage to directly charge the battery based on the detected battery status.

[0019] During charging, the charging current adjustment process in the above two methods is mainly based on the battery charging curve provided by the battery manufacturer, and does not monitor the battery's charging state. Chemical reactions in the electrolyte, active materials, etc. inside the battery are affected by temperature and undergo irreversible changes. Once the charging current exceeds the allowable range, battery degradation accelerates and the battery life is shortened. For example, lithium batteries are high-energy density batteries, and if monitoring of the lithium battery's state is insufficient, if the lithium battery's internal impedance exceeds a certain threshold, heat generation due to high-current charging will trigger a potential safety hazard for the lithium battery.

[0020] In some battery usage scenarios, multiple batteries are used in series or series / parallel combinations, and such combinations only use one overcharge / overdischarge protection method. For a single battery, such protection method cannot provide protection based on the state changes of each cell. Some related technologies monitor the voltage of each cell in the combination to prevent overcharging due to an abnormality in a single cell during charging, but they cannot monitor the resistance of the electrolyte or the resistance to ion migration within the battery. This means that excessive current during charging can cause heat generation inside the battery, which still poses a potential safety hazard.

[0021] In view of this, in a first aspect, referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a charging control method, which may include the following steps.

[0022] S1: Obtaining a current impedance value of a set of impedance parameters of a battery, the set of impedance parameters consisting of at least one impedance parameter.

[0023] S2: Determine a current index in an electrochemical impedance spectrum data model based on the state-of-charge information of the battery.

[0024] S3: comparing the current impedance value with preset impedance parameter values ​​corresponding to the current index, wherein the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes preset impedance parameter values ​​of the set of impedance parameters corresponding to different indexes.

[0025] S4: Determine the charging current based on the comparison result.

[0026] The embodiments of the present disclosure are not particularly limited with respect to the impedance parameters constituting the set of impedance parameters of the battery, for example, the set of impedance parameters may include at least one of the impedance parameters of the electrolyte impedance, the diaphragm impedance, the charge transfer impedance, the diffusion impedance, etc.

[0027] In the presently disclosed embodiment, the current impedance value of the set of impedance parameters refers to the currently detected value of each impedance parameter of the battery.

[0028] In the disclosed embodiment, an electrochemical impedance spectrum data model is pre-constructed by combining the impedance characteristics of the battery, and preset impedance parameter values ​​corresponding to a set of impedance parameters of the battery are determined in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model. During charging of the battery, the battery is monitored to obtain the deviation of the current impedance value of each impedance parameter from the preset impedance parameters of the impedance parameters in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model, thereby reflecting changes in the internal state of the battery.

[0029] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not particularly limit the preset impedance parameter values ​​of the impedance parameters, for example, the preset impedance parameter values ​​include, but are not limited to, a preset impedance value, a preset impedance change value, etc.

[0030] In the disclosed embodiment, the index characterizes the state of charge of the battery, such as the number of charges, battery voltage, etc. In the disclosed embodiment, when the current impedance value is compared with the preset impedance parameter value in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model, the current impedance value is compared with the preset impedance parameter value corresponding to the same state of charge. For example, if the number of charges + battery voltage is used as the index, when the current number of charges is 22 and the battery voltage is 3.5V, the corresponding preset impedance parameter value for the number of charges is 22 and the battery voltage is 3.5V is found and compared in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model.

[0031] In the disclosed embodiment, the change in the internal state of the battery can be determined by comparing the current impedance value with the preset impedance parameter value in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model, and the charging current is determined based on the comparison result, i.e., the charging current is adjusted based on the change in the internal state of the battery, for example, the charging current is reduced if the comparison result indicates a deterioration in the internal state of the battery, and the charging current is increased if the comparison result indicates no deterioration in the internal state of the battery.

[0032] In the disclosed embodiment, the internal state of the battery is monitored and the charging current is adjusted according to changes in the internal state of the battery, thereby reducing safety risks due to deterioration of the internal state of the battery while obtaining a charging current that can shorten the charging time as much as possible, thereby realizing rapid charging while ensuring the life and safety of the battery.

[0033] The disclosed embodiments do not specifically limit the preset impedance parameter values ​​in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model.

[0034] In some embodiments, the preset impedance parameters include a preset impedance change value, the preset impedance change value being a change in the electrochemical impedance of the battery when charging the battery at a maximum current that the battery will support.

[0035] Accordingly, in some embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 2, comparing the current impedance value with a preset impedance parameter value corresponding to the current index comprises the following steps:

[0036] S311: Determine a current impedance change value of the set of impedance parameters based on a current impedance value.

[0037] S312: A step of comparing the current impedance change value with a preset impedance change value corresponding to the current index, wherein the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes an impedance change sub-data model, and the preset impedance parameter value in the impedance change sub-data model includes the preset impedance change value.

[0038] The embodiments of the present disclosure are not particularly limited to the impedance change sub-data model. In some embodiments, the impedance change sub-data model has the format shown in Table 1.

[0039] [Table 1]

[0040] In Table 1, ΔRb is the change in electrolyte impedance, ΔZ sei is the change in diaphragm impedance, ΔZ c t is the change in charge transfer impedance, ΔZ w represents the change in diffusion impedance. B represents the corresponding change, e.g., B 1y_3.3 is the record Y, the change in electrolyte impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3 V, B 2y_3.3 is the change in diaphragm impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3V. 3y_3.3 is the record Y, the change in charge transfer impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3V, B 4y_3.3is record Y, which represents the change in diffusion impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3V. Record Y corresponds to the Nth to Xth charge cycles and represents the record of the change in electrochemical impedance corresponding to the Nth to Xth charge cycles. In the disclosed embodiments, charging a battery at the maximum current supported by the battery may further deteriorate the internal state of the battery, and the degree of deterioration may be greater. Therefore, the change in electrochemical impedance of the battery when charging the battery at the maximum current supported by the battery is set as a preset impedance change value, which can be used as an upper limit for monitoring the change in electrochemical impedance of the battery. When charging a battery, regardless of the magnitude of the charging current, if the change in electrochemical impedance of the battery exceeds this upper limit, it indicates that the internal state of the battery is deteriorating. If the change in electrochemical impedance of the battery does not exceed this upper limit, it indicates that the internal state of the battery is not deteriorating.

[0041] Accordingly, in some embodiments, referring to FIG. 2, determining the charging current based on the comparison result includes the following steps:

[0042] S411: Decrease the charging current when the current impedance change value of at least one of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds the preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index.

[0043] S412: If none of the current impedance change values ​​of each of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds the preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index, increase the charging current.

[0044] In the disclosed embodiments, if the current impedance change value of any one or more impedance parameters exceeds the respective preset impedance change value, it indicates that the internal state of the battery has deteriorated, and reducing the charging current is beneficial to reducing safety risks; if the current impedance change value of each impedance parameter does not exceed the respective preset impedance change value, it indicates that the internal state of the battery has not deteriorated, and the charging current can be increased, which is beneficial to shorten the charging time and perform fast charging.

[0045] In the disclosed embodiment, the charging current is gradually decreased until the current impedance change value is smaller than the preset impedance change value, and then the charging current is gradually increased until the current impedance change value reaches a maximum value that does not exceed the preset impedance change value.

[0046] In the presently disclosed embodiment, steps S411 and S412 can reduce safety risks due to deterioration of the internal state of the battery, while obtaining a charging current that can shorten the charging time as much as possible.

[0047] In some embodiments, if the current impedance change value of each impedance parameter does not exceed the respective preset impedance change value, the charging current is gradually increased, and once the charging current has increased to the maximum current supported for the current charge, the battery is charged at the maximum current supported for the current charge if the current impedance change value of each impedance parameter does not exceed the respective preset impedance change value.

[0048] Accordingly, in some embodiments, if none of the current impedance change values ​​of each impedance parameter in the set of impedance parameters exceeds the preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index, increasing the charging current comprises: The method includes a step of maintaining the charging current at the current peak value when the charging current increases to the current peak value and none of the current impedance change values ​​of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds the preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index.

[0049] In the disclosed embodiments, the peak current value is the maximum current supported by the current charging. In some embodiments, the maximum current supported by the current charging is the smaller of the maximum current output from the charging power provided by the charger after conversion in the terminal and the maximum charging current allowed by the battery's charging curve.

[0050] In the disclosed embodiment, the charging current at the start of charging may be different depending on the internal state of the battery at the start of charging, and different charging currents at the start of charging correspond to different charging current regulation methods.

[0051] In some embodiments, charging is initiated by a current peak. Accordingly, in some embodiments, determining the charging current based on the comparison includes: At the start of charging, if the charging current is equal to a current peak value and a current impedance change value of at least one of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds a preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to a current index, the step of reducing the charging current is included.

[0052] In the disclosed embodiment, when the charging current at the start of charging is equal to the peak current value, and the current impedance change value of each of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters does not exceed the preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter, the charging current is maintained at the peak current value to charge the battery.

[0053] In some embodiments, charging is initiated with a small current. Accordingly, in some embodiments, determining the charging current based on the comparison includes: When starting charging, if the charging current is less than a peak current value and none of the current impedance change values ​​of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds the preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index, increasing the charging current; and stopping charging when the charging current is smaller than a peak current value and a current impedance change value of at least one of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds a preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to a current index when charging is started.

[0054] In some embodiments, an anomaly is reported if the current impedance change value of at least one impedance parameter in the set of impedance parameters exceeds the preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index.

[0055] In the disclosed embodiment, when charging is initiated with a small current, if the current impedance change value of any one or more impedance parameters exceeds the respective preset impedance change value, it indicates that the internal condition of the battery is deteriorating, and it is advantageous to stop charging to avoid safety risks.

[0056] In some embodiments, the preset impedance parameters include preset impedance values. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the step of comparing the current impedance value with a preset impedance parameter value corresponding to the current index comprises: The method may include comparing the current impedance value with a preset impedance value corresponding to the current index, wherein the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes an impedance spectrum sub-data model, and the preset impedance parameter values ​​in the impedance spectrum sub-data model include the preset impedance value.

[0057] The embodiments of the present disclosure are not particularly limited to the impedance spectrum sub-data model. In some embodiments, the impedance spectrum sub-data model has the format shown in Table 2.

[0058] [Table 2]

[0059] In Table 2, Rb is the electrolyte impedance, Z sei is the diaphragm impedance, Z c t is the charge transfer impedance, Z w represents the diffusion impedance. A represents the corresponding impedance value, e.g., A 1n_3.3 is the electrolyte impedance value when the battery voltage is 3.3 V during the Nth charge, and A 2n_3.3 is the diaphragm impedance value when the battery voltage is 3.3V during the Nth charge, A 3n_3.3 is the charge transfer impedance value when the battery voltage is 3.3V during the Nth charge, A 4n_3.3 represents the diffusion impedance value when the battery voltage is 3.3 V during the Nth charge.

[0060] In the disclosed embodiment, the temperature change of the battery's environment affects the charge transfer within the battery and the insertion and desorption of ions in the electrode active material. Based on the impedance spectrum sub-data model, the adjustment rate of the battery's electrochemical impedance according to the environmental temperature is determined, and then correction parameters corresponding to different environmental temperatures are determined, and the preset impedance value in the impedance spectrum sub-data model is corrected according to the current environmental temperature.

[0061] Accordingly, in some embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 3, comparing the current impedance value with the preset impedance value corresponding to the current index includes the following steps:

[0062] S321: The current ambient temperature of the battery is acquired.

[0063] S322: A step of determining correction parameters corresponding to a current environmental temperature and a current index in a temperature-related sub-data model, wherein the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes the temperature-related sub-data model, and the temperature-related sub-data model includes correction parameters corresponding to different environmental temperatures and different indexes.

[0064] S323: Modify the preset impedance value corresponding to the current index based on the current environmental temperature and the modification parameters corresponding to the current index.

[0065] S324: The current impedance value is compared with the preset impedance value corresponding to the modified current index.

[0066] In the disclosed embodiment, the preset impedance parameter value is modified using the modification parameter, and then the current impedance value is compared with the modified preset impedance value, which can more accurately reflect the internal state of the battery at the current ambient temperature, and therefore the charging current can be adjusted more accurately.

[0067] The disclosed embodiments do not particularly limit the temperature-related sub-data model. In some embodiments, the temperature-related sub-data model has the format shown in Table 3.

[0068] [Table 3]

[0069] In Table 2, Rb is the electrolyte impedance, Z sei is the diaphragm impedance, Z ct is the charge transfer impedance, Z w represents the diffusion impedance. K represents the corresponding correction parameter, e.g., K 1m_3.3 is the recorded M, the correction parameter of the electrolyte impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3 V, and K 2m_3.3 is the recorded M, the correction parameter of the diaphragm impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3 V, and K 3m_3.3 is the recorded M, the correction parameter of the charge transfer impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3 V, K 4m _3.3 represents the corrected parameter of the diffusion impedance when the recording M and the battery voltage are 3.3V.

[0070] The disclosed embodiments do not particularly limit how to modify the preset impedance value corresponding to the current index based on the current environmental temperature and the modification parameters corresponding to the current index. For example, when determining the preset impedance value in the impedance spectrum sub-data model at an environmental temperature of 25°C, the preset impedance value is modified using the following formula:

[0071]

number

[0072] TIFF2026504536000006.tif19157

[0073] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 3, determining the charging current based on the comparison result includes the following steps:

[0074] S421: If the current impedance value of each of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters is smaller than the preset impedance value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the modified current index, when charging is started, the charging current is set to be equal to the current peak value.

[0075] S422: If the current impedance value of at least one of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters is greater than the preset impedance value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the modified current index, when charging is started, the charging current is made smaller than the current peak value.

[0076] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 4, after obtaining the current impedance value of the set of impedance parameters of the battery, the charging control method further includes the following steps:

[0077] S51: Compare the current impedance value with the safe impedance value.

[0078] S52: Stop charging if the current impedance value of at least one of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds the safety impedance value corresponding to the impedance parameter.

[0079] S53: If the current impedance value of each of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters does not exceed the safety impedance value corresponding to the impedance parameter, initiate charging.

[0080] In some embodiments, a fault is reported if the current impedance value of at least one impedance parameter in the set of impedance parameters exceeds a safe impedance value corresponding to the impedance parameter.

[0081] In the disclosed embodiment, if the current impedance value of any one or more impedance parameters exceeds the safety impedance, charging is stopped, and charging is started only if the current impedance value of each impedance parameter does not exceed the safety impedance, which is advantageous to reducing safety risks.

[0082] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not particularly limit the safety impedance, for example, the safety impedance may be provided by a battery manufacturer or set based on experience.

[0083] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not particularly limit the index in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model.

[0084] In some embodiments, the index in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes at least one of a battery voltage and a charge count, and determining a current index based on state of charge information of the battery includes: The method includes determining at least one of a current battery voltage and a current charge count of the battery to obtain the current index.

[0085] For example, as shown in Table 2, the number of charges + battery voltage is used as an index. In some embodiments, the index in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes a charge count, and the charge control method includes: When charging is started, a step of acquiring the current number of charging times; The method further includes updating the current number of charging times when charging is completed.

[0086] In the disclosed embodiments, updating the number of charging times means updating the deterioration level of the battery. Using the number of charging times as an index for the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model allows the deterioration level of the battery to be taken into account simultaneously when monitoring the internal state of the battery, which can more accurately reflect the internal state of the battery at the current ambient temperature and is advantageous for more accurate adjustment of the charging current.

[0087] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not particularly limit the impedance parameters that make up the set of impedance parameters.

[0088] In some embodiments, the battery is equivalent to a circuit model as shown in Figure 5. In Figure 5, R b represents the ohmic resistance, which corresponds to the electrolyte impedance in the battery, Rsei is the diaphragm resistance, Rct is the charge transfer resistance, and C DL represents the electric double layer capacitance, and Rw represents the diffusion resistance of ions within the electrode material.

[0089] In the disclosed embodiment, a sinusoidal voltage signal can be detected at both ends of the battery by applying a constant frequency sinusoidal excitation current (excitation signal) to the battery. The ratio of the detected voltage signal to the excitation current is the impedance value of the battery. Here, by combining the equivalent circuit of Figure 5, if the excitation signal is a high frequency signal (e.g., above 1 kHz), it is mainly R b When the excitation signal is an intermediate frequency signal (for example, 1 Hz to 1 KHz), Rsei and C DL Impedance, Rct and C DL When the excitation signal is a low-frequency signal (e.g., less than 1 Hz), the impedance of Rw takes the dominant position. Figure 6 shows the correspondence relationship between the electrochemical impedance of the battery and the frequency of the excitation signal, where each point represents the impedance value of the excitation signal corresponding to a certain frequency. As the frequency of the excitation signal increases, the electrochemical impedance of the battery increases. sei , charge transfer impedance Z ct , diffusion impedance Z w are expressed in order as:

[0090] Accordingly, in some embodiments, the impedance parameters comprising the set of impedance parameters include at least one of an electrolyte impedance, a diaphragm impedance, a charge transfer impedance, and a diffusion impedance.

[0091] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 7, the charging control method further includes the following steps:

[0092] S6: Obtain preset impedance parameter values ​​of the set of impedance parameters corresponding to different indexes, and construct the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model.

[0093] In some embodiments, constructing the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model comprises: Obtaining preset impedance values ​​of the at least one set of impedance parameters corresponding to different charging times and different battery voltages, and constructing an impedance spectrum sub-data model; and constructing an impedance change sub-data model based on the impedance spectrum sub-data model, the impedance change sub-data model including preset impedance change values ​​of the at least one impedance parameter corresponding to different charging times and different battery voltages.

[0094] In some embodiments, constructing the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model comprises: The method further includes constructing a temperature-related sub-data model based on the impedance spectrum sub-data model, the temperature-related sub-data model including correction parameters corresponding to different environmental temperatures and different battery voltages.

[0095] In some embodiments, the impedance spectrum sub-data model has the format of Table 2, the impedance change sub-data model has the format of Table 1, and the temperature-related sub-data model has the format of Table 3, i.e., Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 collectively constitute the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model.

[0096] In a second aspect, referring to FIG. 8, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal including one or more processors 101, a memory 102 storing one or more programs, and wherein, when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the charging control method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and an I / O interface 103 connected between the processor and the memory and configured to implement information interaction between the processor and the memory.

[0097] Here, the processor 101 is a device capable of data processing, including, but not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU). The memory 102 is a device capable of data storage, including, but not limited to, a random access memory (RAM, e.g., SDRAM, DDR, etc.), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and a flash memory (FLASH). The I / O interface (read / write interface) 103 is connected between the processor 101 and the memory 102 and can realize information interaction between the processor 101 and the memory 102, including, but not limited to, a data bus.

[0098] In some embodiments, the processor 101, memory 102 and I / O interface 103 are connected to each other and to other components of the computing device via a bus 104.

[0099] In a fourth aspect, referring to FIG. 9 , an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program realizing, when executed by a processor, the charging control method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0100] In order to make the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure more clearly understandable to those skilled in the art, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below through exemplary embodiments.

[0101] First Illustrative Embodiment 10 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture for fast charging in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the system architecture for fast charging includes two parts: a charger and a terminal. The charger part includes a power management means and a power conversion and output means. The terminal part includes a power conversion means, a charge management means, an electrochemical impedance spectrum detection means, and a temperature detection means. The charger and the terminal are connected via a charging cable, which includes a power line, a communication line, and a ground line.

[0102] Charger section: The power management means is configured to communicate with the terminal to be charged before charging and to control the power conversion output means based on the information communicated during the charging process. The power conversion output means outputs the correct voltage and current based on the information communicated by the power management means.

[0103] Terminal part: The charge management means performs interaction and identification with the charger, detects the battery's environmental temperature and voltage, controls detection of the electrochemical impedance spectrum for the battery, controls the power conversion means, and combines the detected electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery to generate appropriate charging parameters. The power conversion means converts the input voltage and current into a voltage and current suitable for the battery based on the acquired charging parameters. The electrochemical impedance spectrum detection means is configured to detect the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery. The temperature detection means is configured to detect the battery's environmental temperature.

[0104] The power management means of the charger is configured to perform pre-charging identification interaction with the terminal to be charged, and can not only indicate that the charger has the ability to output a specific power according to the terminal's demand, but also know the terminal's demand for a specific power output. If the power management means fails to communicate and identify with the terminal to be charged, the power management means controls the power conversion output means to output power according to the charger's standard. The power management means may be a functional circuit implemented by a microprocessor chip or a chip supporting a certain protocol (e.g., TYPE-C PD protocol). The power conversion output means may be implemented by a programmable power chip or a circuit with adjustable voltage and current.

[0105] The terminal part's charging management means communicates with the charger to obtain the charger's power output capacity, the temperature detection means detects the battery's ambient temperature, the electrochemical impedance spectrum detection means controls the battery's electrochemical impedance spectrum to detect it, compares it with a pre-created battery electrochemical impedance spectrum model table (electrochemical impedance spectrum data model), and adjusts the charging current accordingly according to the deviation of the battery's electrochemical impedance spectrum. The power conversion means performs power conversion based on the received charging current parameters and the detected battery voltage parameters, input voltage, and current.

[0106] Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is a method for detecting internal battery parameters online. When a sinusoidal excitation current of a certain frequency is applied to a battery, a sinusoidal voltage signal can be detected across the battery. The change in the ratio between the detected voltage signal and the excitation current is the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery.

[0107] The battery is equivalent to the circuit model shown in Figure 5. In Figure 5, R b represents the ohmic resistance, which corresponds to the electrolyte impedance in the battery, Rsei is the diaphragm resistance, Rct is the charge transfer resistance, and C DLrepresents the electric double layer capacitance, and Rw represents the diffusion resistance of ions within the electrode material. By applying a sinusoidal excitation current (excitation signal) of a constant frequency to the battery, a sinusoidal voltage signal can be detected at both ends of the battery, and the ratio of the detected voltage signal to the excitation current is the impedance value of the battery. Here, by combining the equivalent circuit in Figure 5, when the excitation signal is a high-frequency signal (for example, exceeding 1 kHz), R is the main b When the excitation signal is an intermediate frequency signal (for example, 1 Hz to 1 KHz), Rsei and C DL Impedance, Rct and C DL When the excitation signal is a low-frequency signal (e.g., less than 1 Hz), the impedance of Rw takes the dominant position. Figure 6 shows the correspondence relationship between the electrochemical impedance of the battery and the frequency of the excitation signal, where each point represents the impedance value of the excitation signal corresponding to a certain frequency. As the frequency of the excitation signal increases, the electrochemical impedance of the battery increases. sei , charge transfer impedance Z ct , diffusion impedance Z w are expressed in order as:

[0108] Second Illustrative Embodiment In this example, a lithium battery is used as an example. Before the lithium battery is fast-charged, the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the lithium battery is modeled. The impedance characteristics of the lithium battery are combined to create an impedance spectrum table (impedance spectrum sub-data model) corresponding to the lithium battery. As shown in Table 4, in a natural environment with an initial temperature of 25°C, the battery cutoff voltage is 4.35V and the discharge cutoff voltage is 3.3V.

[0109] [Table 4]

[0110] In Table 4, Rb is the electrolyte impedance, Zsei is the diaphragm impedance, Z ct is the charge transfer impedance, Z w represents the diffusion impedance. A represents the corresponding impedance value, e.g., A 1n_3.3 is the electrolyte impedance value when the battery voltage is 3.3 V during the Nth charge, and A 2n_3.3 is the diaphragm impedance value when the battery voltage is 3.3V during the Nth charge, A 3n_3.3 is the charge transfer impedance value when the battery voltage is 3.3V during the Nth charge, A 4n_3.3 represents the diffusion impedance value when the battery voltage is 3.3 V during the Nth charge.

[0111] The electrochemical impedance change of a lithium battery also characterizes the degradation process of the lithium battery, and irreversible electrochemical changes are the essence of lithium battery degradation. When creating a lithium battery impedance spectrum table (impedance spectrum sub-data model), an impedance change and current change table (impedance change sub-data model) are simultaneously created, as shown in Table 5. Combining the records in Table 4, the electrochemical impedance change of a lithium battery (e.g., ΔRb = Rb) can be calculated by charging the lithium battery at the maximum charging current Imax supported by the battery at each stage in a constant temperature environment of 25°C. x -Rb N >Rb プリセット ) exceeds a preset value at most, a corresponding record will be generated.

[0112] [Table 5]

[0113] In Table 5, ΔRb is the change in electrolyte impedance, ΔZ sei is the change in diaphragm impedance, ΔZ ct is the change in charge transfer impedance, ΔZ w represents the change in diffusion impedance. B represents the corresponding change, e.g., B 1y_3.3is the record Y, the change in electrolyte impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3 V, B 2y_3.3 is the change in diaphragm impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3V. 3y_3.3 is the record Y, the change in charge transfer impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3V, B 4y_3.3 indicates record Y, the change in diffusion impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3 V. Record Y corresponds to the Nth to Xth charge cycles, and indicates the record of the change in electrochemical impedance corresponding to the Nth to Xth charge cycles.

[0114] Changes in the environmental temperature of a lithium battery affect the transfer of charge within the battery and the insertion and desorption of lithium ions into and from the electrode active material. In a natural environment with an initial temperature of 25°C, the impedance spectrum table (impedance spectrum sub-data model) created in Table 4 was combined to determine the impedance correction parameters corresponding to different temperatures throughout the degradation process, and a temperature-related sub-data model was constructed as shown in Table 6.

[0115] [Table 6]

[0116] In Table 6, Rb is the electrolyte impedance, Z sei is the diaphragm impedance, Z ct is the charge transfer impedance, Z w represents the diffusion impedance. K represents the corresponding correction parameter, e.g., K 1m_3.3 is the recorded M, the correction parameter of the electrolyte impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3 V, and K 2m_3.3 is the recorded M, the correction parameter of the diaphragm impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3 V, and K 3m_3.3 is the recorded M, the correction parameter of the charge transfer impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3 V, K 4m_3.3 represents the recording M, the corrected parameter of diffusion impedance when the battery voltage is 3.3V.

[0117] From Table 6, by simultaneously combining the corresponding N-th charging process in Table 4, the adjustment rate of the lithium battery's electrochemical impedance with the ambient temperature can be determined. That is, when the ambient temperature is θ°C during the N-th charging process, the electrochemical correction parameter K of the lithium battery can be determined. The correction is made using the following formula:

[0118]

number

[0119] TIFF2026504536000011.tif20157

[0120] Third Illustrative Embodiment FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the charging control flow in this embodiment. When a charger is inserted, the charging flow is initiated. The charging management means of the terminal interacts with the charger to determine whether the inserted charger supports fast charging. If the interaction is successful, it indicates that the charger can support fast charging for the terminal, and the charging management means simultaneously obtains the maximum charging power and output voltage supported by the charger. If the interaction fails, the charger defaults to a standard charger, e.g., the charger output voltage is 5V. In this embodiment, the interaction may also fail if the protocol supported by the charger is incompatible with the protocol supported by the terminal. In such a case, the charger also defaults to a standard charger.

[0121] After determining the power output capacity of the charger, the charging management means detects the voltage of the lithium battery and the ambient temperature on the surface of the lithium battery. Based on the battery voltage and the number of charging times, the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the lithium battery before charging can be obtained from the impedance spectrum sub-data model shown in Table 4, which is composed of preset impedance values ​​of a set of impedance parameters. For example, if the current charging of the lithium battery is the 22nd charging and the battery voltage is 3.5V, the current electrochemical impedance spectrum of the lithium battery can be obtained from the impedance spectrum sub-data model shown in Table 4: Rb=A 122 _ 3.5 = 30mΩ, Z sei =A 222 _ 3.5 = 40mΩ, Z ct =A 322 _ 3.5 = 50mΩ, Z w =A 222 _ 3.5 =70mΩ can be obtained. The ambient temperature on the surface of the lithium battery can be obtained by a thermistor on the protective plate of the lithium battery, etc. The impedance spectrum sub-data model shown in Table 4 is combined with the temperature-related sub-data model shown in Table 6 to determine the correction parameter Km, and the lithium battery electrochemical impedance spectrum Z'(θ) at the current temperature can be estimated. For example, when the ambient temperature is 30°C, the corresponding correction parameter Km_ 3.5 = 1.1, and the electrochemical impedance spectrum Rb' = A 122 _ 3.5 =36.6mΩ, Z sei '=A 222 _ 3.5 =48.8mΩ, Z ct '=A 322 _ 3.5 =61mΩ, Z w '=A 222 _ 3.5=85.4mΩ. At the same time, the charge management means causes the energy electrochemical impedance spectrum detection means to detect the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the lithium battery. If the detected electrochemical impedance of the lithium battery exceeds the safe impedance, the detection is repeated multiple times (for example, not less than three times) to determine whether the electrochemical impedance of the lithium battery is within the safe impedance spectrum Z 安全 If the battery voltage exceeds the allowable operating temperature limit of the lithium battery, the safety impedance spectrum is determined to be Rb. 安全 = 60mΩ, Z sei安全 = 80mΩ, Z ct安全 = 100mΩ, Z w安全 =150mΩ.

[0122] Only when it is detected that the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the lithium battery is within the safe impedance spectrum range, the charging management means starts charging, and the charging current adjustment scheme is shown in Figure 12. The current electrochemical impedance spectrum Z of the lithium battery TIf Z'(θ) is lower than the modified lithium battery's electrochemical impedance spectrum, charging is initiated with a charging current equal to the peak current. The peak current is the smaller of the maximum current output from the charging power provided by the charger after conversion at the terminal and the maximum charging current allowed by the battery's charging curve. Power conversion means mainly realizes fast charging using three methods: inductive power conversion, direct charging load switch, and half-voltage switched capacitor array. Direct charging load switch and half-voltage switched capacitor array have high conversion efficiency and exhibit a linear proportional relationship between output current and input current. During the fast charging process, the charging management means periodically detects the lithium battery's electrochemical impedance to facilitate monitoring the change ΔZ in the lithium battery's electrochemical impedance during the charging process. The change ΔZ in the lithium battery's electrochemical impedance is expressed as the change ΔZ in the lithium battery's chemical impedance during the maximum current charging process. モデリング If ΔZ is exceeded, the charging current must be gradually reduced until the change in the electrochemical impedance of the lithium battery during the fast charging process does not exceed the change in the modeled electrochemical impedance of the lithium battery during the charging process. モデリング can be obtained from the impedance change sub-data model shown in Table 5.

[0123] Electrochemical impedance spectrum Z of current lithium batteries T If Z'(θ) exceeds the modified electrochemical impedance spectrum of the lithium battery, charging is initiated at a small current, for example, a charging current of 0.2C. At the same time, the charging management means detects the change in electrochemical impedance ΔZ of the lithium battery during small current charging. If the change in electrochemical impedance ΔZ of the lithium battery during small current charging is ΔZ モデリング If the change in electrochemical impedance ΔZ of the lithium battery exceeds ΔZ, it indicates that the inside of the lithium battery is deteriorating, and for safety reasons, the charging management means will report the abnormality and stop charging. モデリング If the charging current is lower than ΔZ, gradually increase the charging current while detecting the change in the electrochemical impedance of the lithium battery. If the change in the electrochemical impedance of the lithium battery ΔZ is equal to or greater than ΔZ, モデリングWhen the charging current exceeds , it returns to the previous charging current. When the charging current is increased to the maximum charging current that can be supported (the charging current allowed by the charging power provided by the charger output through the power conversion means and the charging curve of the lithium battery), the electrochemical impedance change ΔZ of the lithium battery becomes ΔZ モデリング In this situation, the battery will be charged at the maximum charging current until charging is completed.

[0124] After the charging is completed according to the current adjustment method, the charging management means updates the number of times the charging has been completed, that is, the deterioration level of the lithium battery.

[0125] In the charging control method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the current impedance value of a set of impedance parameters of the battery is monitored and compared with the preset impedance parameter values ​​in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model, thereby determining changes in the internal state of the battery, and adjusting the charging current according to the changes in the internal state of the battery, thereby reducing safety risks caused by the deterioration of the internal state of the battery and obtaining a charging current that can minimize the charging time, thereby realizing fast charging while ensuring the life and safety of the battery.

[0126] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps of the methods, systems, and functional modules / means in the devices disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or a suitable combination thereof. In hardware embodiments, the division between the functional modules / means mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed jointly by several components. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit such as a dedicated integrated circuit. Such software may be located on computer-readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (e.g., computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by a computer. Additionally, those skilled in the art will know that communication media typically include computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transmission mechanism and can include any information delivery media.

[0127] Although exemplary embodiments are disclosed herein and specific terms are employed, these should be used and interpreted in a general, illustrative sense only, and not for limiting purposes. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that in some instances, unless expressly indicated otherwise, features, characteristics, and / or elements described in combination with a particular embodiment may be used alone, or features, characteristics, and / or elements described in combination with other embodiments may be used in combination. Accordingly, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims

1. obtaining a current impedance value of a set of impedance parameters of the battery, the set of impedance parameters consisting of at least one impedance parameter; determining a current index in an electrochemical impedance spectrum data model based on the state-of-charge information of the battery; comparing the current impedance value with preset impedance parameter values ​​corresponding to the current index, wherein the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes preset impedance parameter values ​​of the set of impedance parameters corresponding to different indexes; determining a charging current based on the comparison result. Charging control method.

2. The step of comparing the current impedance value with a preset impedance parameter value corresponding to the current index comprises: determining a current impedance change value of the set of impedance parameters based on the current impedance value; comparing the current impedance change value with a preset impedance change value corresponding to the current index, wherein the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes an impedance change sub-data model, and the preset impedance parameter values ​​in the impedance change sub-data model include the preset impedance change value. The charge control method according to claim 1 .

3. The step of determining the charging current based on the comparison result includes: reducing the charging current when the current impedance change value of at least one of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds a preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index; or increasing the charging current when none of the current impedance change values ​​of each of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds the preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index. The charge control method according to claim 2 .

4. When none of the current impedance change values ​​of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds the preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index, increasing the charging current includes: and if the charging current increases to a peak current value and none of the current impedance change values ​​of each of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds a preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index, then maintaining the charging current at the peak current value. The charge control method according to claim 3 .

5. The step of determining the charging current based on the comparison result includes: and reducing the charging current if, at the start of charging, the current impedance change value of at least one of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds a preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index when the charging current is equal to a current peak value. The charge control method according to claim 2 .

6. The step of determining the charging current based on the comparison result includes: At the start of charging, when the charging current is smaller than a peak current value, if none of the current impedance change values ​​of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds the preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index, increasing the charging current; or and stopping charging when the current impedance change value of at least one of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds a preset impedance change value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the current index when the charging current is smaller than a peak current value at the time of charging startup. The charge control method according to claim 2 .

7. The step of comparing the current impedance value with a preset impedance parameter value corresponding to the current index comprises: comparing the current impedance value with a preset impedance value corresponding to the current index, wherein the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes an impedance spectrum sub-data model, and the preset impedance parameter values ​​in the impedance spectrum sub-data model include the preset impedance value. The charge control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The step of comparing the current impedance value with a preset impedance value corresponding to the current index comprises: obtaining a current ambient temperature of the battery; determining correction parameters corresponding to the current environmental temperature and the current index in a temperature-related sub-data model, wherein the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes the temperature-related sub-data model, and the temperature-related sub-data model includes correction parameters corresponding to different environmental temperatures and different indexes; modifying a preset impedance value corresponding to the current index based on the current environmental temperature and a modification parameter corresponding to the current index; and comparing the current impedance value with a preset impedance value corresponding to the modified current index. The charge control method according to claim 7.

9. The step of determining the charging current based on the comparison result includes: When the current impedance value of each of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters is smaller than the preset impedance value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the modified current index, setting the charging current to be equal to a peak current value at the start of charging; or and reducing the charging current to less than the peak current value when charging is initiated if the current impedance value of at least one of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters is greater than a preset impedance value of the impedance parameter corresponding to the modified current index. The charge control method according to claim 8.

10. After obtaining the current impedance value of the set of impedance parameters of the battery, the charging control method includes: comparing the current impedance value with a safe impedance value; stopping charging when the current impedance value of at least one of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters exceeds the safety impedance value corresponding to the impedance parameter; and initiating charging if the current impedance value for each of the impedance parameters in the set of impedance parameters does not exceed the safety impedance value corresponding to the impedance parameter. The charge control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

11. The index in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes at least one of a battery voltage and a charge count, and determining a current index based on the state of charge information of the battery includes: determining at least one of a current battery voltage and a current charge count of the battery to obtain the current index. The charge control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

12. an index in the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model including a charge count; The charge control method includes: When charging is initiated, acquiring the current charging count; and / or Further included is a step of updating the current number of charging times when charging is completed. The charge control method according to claim 11.

13. The impedance parameters constituting the set of impedance parameters include at least one of an electrolyte impedance, a diaphragm impedance, a charge transfer impedance, and a diffusion impedance. The charge control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

14. The charge control method includes: and further comprising obtaining preset impedance parameter values ​​of the set of impedance parameters corresponding to different indexes, and constructing the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model. The charge control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

15. The step of obtaining preset impedance parameter values ​​of the set of impedance parameters corresponding to different indexes and constructing the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes: Obtaining preset impedance values ​​of the set of impedance parameters corresponding to different charging times and different battery voltages, and constructing an impedance spectrum sub-data model; constructing an impedance change sub-data model based on the impedance spectrum sub-data model, wherein the impedance change sub-data model includes preset impedance change values ​​of the set of impedance parameters corresponding to different charging times and different battery voltages. The charge control method according to claim 14.

16. The step of obtaining preset impedance parameter values ​​of the set of impedance parameters corresponding to different indexes and constructing the electrochemical impedance spectrum data model includes: and constructing a temperature-related sub-data model based on the impedance spectrum sub-data model, the temperature-related sub-data model including correction parameters corresponding to different environmental temperatures and different battery voltages. The charge control method according to claim 15.

17. one or more processors; a memory that stores one or more programs, and that, when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to implement the charge control method according to any one of claims 1 to 16. Terminal.

18. A computer program is stored in the storage device, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the charging control method according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is realized. Computer-readable medium.

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