Modular support system for protective mesh structures, installation kit, posts, protective netting installation, and method for manufacturing posts

Abstract

The present invention relates to a modular support system for protective mesh structures. The present invention is based on a support column (10) comprising at least one beam (14), in particular a profile beam, at least one column foot (16) and at least one column head (18). It is proposed that the beam is connected to the column foot (16) and / or the column head (18) without welding.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The invention relates to a modular support system according to the preamble of claim 1, to an installation kit according to claim 9, to a support according to the preamble of claim 13, to a protective netting arrangement according to claim 33, and to two methods according to claims 34 and 35. [Background technology]

[0002] Several different supports for protective net installations are known from the prior art, e.g., U.S. Patent No. 5,949,693. The supports known from the prior art are realized as steel supports that are assembled together or welded together in a single assembly, and are designed and manufactured according to the individual requirements for each protective net installation to achieve the required height, energy class, etc. The manufacturing of such complete project-related supports is usually very time-consuming. The complete manufacturing of known supports is carried out by a support manufacturer, and the supports are then delivered in one piece to the installation site of the protective net installation. Protective net installations are often installed in difficult-to-reach locations, for example, in mountainous areas. Therefore, the logistics of delivering the supports to the intended installation site can require a great deal of effort. Prefabricated supports are usually transported to the intended installation site by helicopter. The heavier and / or more spatially protruding supports delivered by helicopter, the more costly and time-consuming their installation becomes. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] European Patent Application Publication No. 1911884 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a universal device having advantageous properties, in particular with regard to efficiency, in particular efficiency in terms of resources, cost consumption and / or time consumption, which is achieved according to the invention by the features of the independent patent claims, while advantageous implementations and further developments of the invention can be read from the dependent claims. [Effects of the Invention]

[0005] The present invention is based on a modular support system for manufacturing posts for protective netting installations, the post comprising at least one beam, in particular a profiled beam, at least one post foot and at least one post head.

[0006] It is proposed that at least the column base and / or at least the column head be realized (in each case) as modular components, particularly prefabricated, that can be fastened to a beam. As a result, a high degree of efficiency can be advantageously achieved. Advantageously, the manufacturing effort can be reduced, particularly since it is possible to switch from project-related individual manufacturing to serial manufacturing of modular components. This advantageously allows for savings in costs, manufacturing time, and / or resources. Advantageously, the modular column system allows for on-site manufacturing of columns for the protective netting installation, i.e., particularly at the construction site. As a result of the associated reduction in the size of the individual components to be transported, it is advantageously possible to reduce the necessary logistics effort, particularly in terms of costs and / or resource consumption / CO2 emissions. Advantageously, the same modular components can be used for different protective netting installation systems. Furthermore, repairs can be advantageously simplified, particularly since it is not necessary to replace the entire column, but rather only damaged modular components of the column. Advantageously, storage of modular components can be enabled, as opposed to the previous project-related individual manufacturing, which can advantageously result in a reduction in the operation / supply time of the columns. Furthermore, space requirements for storage can be advantageously reduced, for example, because it is significantly easier to stack individual beams than fully assembled columns with column heads and column feet. Advantageously, fewer protective measures are required to protect against damage during storage and transport (e.g., during transport of fully assembled columns, it must be ensured that the full weight of the beams does not act on the column heads). Furthermore, the modular construction advantageously allows resource-saving shortening of supply routes, for example, because it is now possible to procure individual modular components on-site, such as in each country where the protective netting installation is to be installed, due to the structural simplicity of modular components, particularly compared to prefabricated complete columns.For example, it is advantageous to use locally available steel profiles for modular components of beams, instead of having to ship steel profiles from a central manufacturing location around the world. This advantageously improves environmental sustainability, for example, by reducing CO2 emissions due to shortened supply routes. In addition, a high degree of flexibility is advantageously achievable. For example, it is advantageous to allow for the shape or design of columns to be adapted in situ at the construction site by exchanging modular components.

[0007] The support is preferably realized as an almost vertical component (at least when viewed with respect to ground level). In particular, the support is configured to receive and transmit loads. In particular, the support is configured to suspend and / or hold the protective net installation and / or at least one protective net of the protective net installation, preferably at least one cable of a steel wire protective net. In particular, the support is configured to suspend and / or hold a net and cable structure. "Modular component" refers in particular to a technical unit that can be joined with other technical units to form a higher-quality whole, in particular a support. In particular, individual modular components can be combined to form a whole in different ways depending on the requirements and / or customer wishes. Advantageously, the modular components form elements of a construction kit system. Advantageously, the modular components implement interchangeable complex elements within an overall system that forms a complete functional unit. In particular, in a modular structure, the system, in particular the support, is composed of modular components at defined locations, in particular along defined interfaces. In particular, the interfaces of all, in particular functionally identical, modules are implemented to be identical and / or compatible with each other.

[0008] The modular support system in particular comprises a plurality of modular components that can be combined with one another and joined to form a support. In particular, each modular component of the modular support system has at least one interface configured to attach the modular component to a further modular component, preferably functionally different from the first modular component. Beams are also particularly realized as modular components of the modular support system. In particular, each implementation of a modular component that is a column foot of the modular support system has at least one beam interface that allows and enables the respective column foot to be fixed to each implementation of a modular component that is a beam. In particular, each implementation of a modular component that is a column head of the modular support system has at least one beam interface that allows and enables the respective column foot to be fixed to each implementation of a modular component that is a beam. In particular, each implementation of a modular component that is a beam of the modular support system has at least one column foot interface that allows and enables the respective beam to be fixed to each implementation of a modular component that is a column foot. In particular, each implementation of a modular component that is a beam of the modular column system has at least one column head interface that allows and enables the respective beam to be fixed to a respective implementation of a modular component that is a column head. In this specification, a beam interface, a column head interface and / or a column foot interface can be realized as a plug-in interface, a screw connection interface, a clamp interface, an adhesive interface, etc. "Configured" means, in particular, specifically set, designed and / or equipped. An object being configured to perform a particular function should be understood to mean, in particular, that the object fulfills and / or performs this particular function in at least one application and / or operating state.

[0009] The beam particularly forms the middle section of the column. Preferably, the beam extends over at least a majority of the column's total longitudinal length. Most particularly means 51%, preferably 60%, preferably 70%, and particularly preferably 85%. In particular, the beam essentially determines the column's load-bearing capacity. The beam can be realized as a profile beam having a cross section that remains substantially constant along its longitudinal length. Alternatively, however, the beam can also have a cross section that varies along its longitudinal length. In particular, the beam can be realized in the form of a sub-beam. The column foot particularly forms a first column end region of the column. Preferably, the column foot is configured to be fixed to the first beam end region of the beam. In particular, the column foot forms an adapter component for connecting the beam to a base plate. The base plate is preferably configured to attach the column to the ground, for example, a rock or concrete foundation. The column head particularly forms a second column end region of the column, which is particularly located opposite the first column end region. Preferably, the column head is configured to be fixed to a second beam end region of the beam, which is particularly located opposite the first beam end region. In particular, the column head forms an adapter part for attaching the cable of the protective netting equipment. In particular, the column head is provided with a cable guide for guiding the cable of the protective netting equipment.

[0010] The protective netting arrangement may be realized, inter alia, as a rockfall barrier, a debris flow barrier, a shallow collapse barrier, an avalanche barrier, a temporary or permanent road barrier, a coastal barrier, a landslide barrier, a motorsport barrier, a mining barrier, an anti-terrorism barrier, or a further protective net barrier supported by posts. In particular, the posts are manufactured by joining at least two, preferably at least three, modular components of a modular post system. However, it is also conceivable that the post may consist of more than three modular components, or that, in addition to the three modular components, further modular components may optionally be added to the post. "Prefabricated modular components" should be understood to mean modular components that are manufactured, preferably serially manufactured, in particular in different implementations (e.g., strength, size, material, etc.) without reference to a specific project. Advantageously, the modular post system allows for the production of a large number of different posts from a relatively small, particularly fixed, stock of modular components. Advantageously, the modular post system allows for the production of posts for a wide variety of types of protective netting arrangements from a relatively small, particularly fixed, stock of modular components.

[0011] Furthermore, the present invention proposes the possibility of welding-free attachment of the column base and / or column head to the beam. This advantageously simplifies manufacturing and / or installation, particularly in-situ installation at the construction site. Advantageously, by forgoing energy-intensive joining methods such as welding, environmental sustainability can be achieved. Advantageously, this method can improve the quality and / or reduce transportation costs for the installation of protective netting systems in more remote and / or less developed areas of the world where there is a shortage of skilled welding technicians and materials. This is particularly advantageous because suppliers authorized to weld components of the protective netting system must be certified in accordance with EN 1090-1_2009+A1:2011 and EN 1090-2_2020 and / or be able to perform standardized visual tests in accordance with EN ISO 17637:2011. Otherwise, European Assessment Document (EAD) approval issues may arise for the protective netting system. Therefore, if welding-free installation is possible, this work process can advantageously be carried out anywhere in the world and on-site. In this way, approval issues for protective netting installations with posts according to the present invention are advantageously avoided. Advantageously, a work process (welding) at a metalworking company can also be omitted during the domestic installation of the posts, resulting in savings, particularly in time, transportation costs, transportation resources, and labor costs. Advantageously, the proportion of manual labor can be reduced, particularly in critical manufacturing processes, thereby advantageously reducing the risk of errors. Furthermore, it is advantageously possible to use non-weldable materials, which offers additional advantages in terms of weight (e.g., non-weldable carbon steel, aramid, HDPE, basalt, carbon fiber), the environment (e.g., wood or bamboo), material costs (e.g., glass fiber reinforced plastic), etc. Preferably, the post base, post head, and / or beam are formed from materials that are difficult to weld or cannot be welded. In particular, the post base and / or post head can be attached to the beam by screwing, clamping, inserting, e.g., by press-fitting, and / or gluing to the beam.

[0012] It is further proposed that at least the support base and / or at least the support head can be connected to the beam, preferably non-destructively replaceable and / or preferably non-destructively detachable, to form the support. In this way, it is advantageously possible to easily and separately replace individual components of a defective protective net installation (e.g., after a block collision). In particular, in many cases, this makes it possible to avoid replacing the entire support. This advantageously saves resources, costs, and labor expenditures. For example, the support base and / or the support head can be attached to the beam by releasable screwing, reversible clamping, removable insertion, and / or removable bonding to the beam.

[0013] It is further proposed that the modular support system comprises at least one additional, particularly prefabricated, modular component that can be (removably) fastened to the beam, realized as a scaffolding aid, and preferably attached to the beam without welding. This allows the advantages of modularity to be further expanded. Advantageously, the support can be manufactured in a simple manner, optionally with or without a scaffolding aid. Advantageously, one scaffolding aid may be sufficient for several supports of the protective net installation (with removal from one support and subsequent attachment to another). In particular, the scaffolding aid is realized so that it can be inserted into a recess in the beam provided for this purpose. In particular, the scaffolding aid is attached to the front of the beam. As a result, climbing the support is significantly simplified compared to a scaffolding aid attached laterally to the beam, especially when the protective net is already suspended. The scaffolding aid can be composed of several separate step elements. In particular, at least the modular components, which are beams of the modular support system, have at least one scaffolding aid interface that allows and enables the fastening of a scaffolding aid to the beam. In this specification, the scaffolding aid interface can be realized as a plug-in interface, a screw connection interface, a clamp interface, an adhesive interface, etc.

[0014] In addition, it is proposed that the modular support system comprises at least one further modular component, particularly prefabricated, that can be (removably) fixed to at least the beam and realized as a tip-over safety device, and that can be attached to the beam, in particular without welding, preferably without holes. As a result, a high level of safety can be advantageously achieved. In particular, the tip-over safety device is configured to prevent the support from tipping over during the installation of the base plate. In particular, this makes it possible to prevent the beam from tipping during installation of the support, which could result in injuries to personnel or damage to equipment. In particular, the tip-over safety device is attached immediately after the beam is erected. A "hole-free connection" of the tip-over safety device particularly means a connection between the tip-over safety device and the beam that functions without any holes on the beam side, for example for attaching screws, shackles, etc. A "weld-free connection" of the tip-over safety device particularly means a connection between the tip-over safety device and the beam that functions without any welding / welding of components, at least on the beam side. For example, the anti-tip safety device can be fastened to the beam on the beam side by a clamp or by tying to / wrapping around the beam. The fastening on the other side of the anti-tip safety device can be achieved in the usual way, for example by shackling into a hole in the base plate.

[0015] In addition, it is proposed that the modular support system comprises at least one further modular component, particularly prefabricated, that can be combined with the beam, the support base, and / or the support head and is realized as a sensor module and includes, for example, at least one pressure sensor, at least one tension sensor, at least one corrosion sensor, etc. This advantageously increases safety. Furthermore, it advantageously simplifies the integration of the sensor system into a protective net installation. Furthermore, it advantageously allows the sensor system to be retrofitted to an already installed support system. In particular, the sensor module itself can be constructed modularly and include a variable selection of different sensors, such as pressure sensors, tension sensors, corrosion sensors, weather sensors, gas sensors, light sensors, etc. In particular, at least one modular component of the modular support system has at least one sensor module interface that allows and enables the sensor module to be fixed to the respective modular component. Herein, the sensor module interface can be realized as a plug-in interface, a screw connection interface, a clamp interface, an adhesive interface, etc.

[0016] It is also conceivable that the base plate forms a further, in particular prefabricated, modular component that can be combined with the support leg. If the beam further comprises at least two modular beam components, which can be joined, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the beam, it is advantageously possible to increase the flexibility of the modular support system and / or the variety of supports that can be produced. Advantageously, the length and / or thickness of the beam can be variably adjusted for the modular support system. In particular, it is also possible for a beam to be assembled from more than two modular beam components, for example three, four or more than four modular beam components. In particular, the modular beam components can be attached to one another by screwing, clamping, plugging and / or gluing.

[0017] In this context, it is proposed that the beam modular components that join to form the beam have different material thicknesses, different maximum outer diameters and / or different profile types. This advantageously allows increasing the flexibility of the modular column system and / or the variety of columns that can be produced. For example, the beam can be thinner towards the top, i.e., towards the column head interface, or can have a lighter material or a smaller material thickness.

[0018] Furthermore, a construction kit and / or a building set for a modular support system is proposed, which comprises at least two or more beams, in particular prefabricated beams, and at least two or more column bases and / or column heads, in particular prefabricated beams, which can be combined with the beams. As a result, a high degree of efficiency can be advantageously achieved. Advantageously, the manufacturing effort can be reduced, in particular because it is possible to switch from project-related individual manufacturing to serial manufacturing of modular components. This further advantageously allows for savings in costs, manufacturing time, and / or resources. In particular, the construction kit can additionally comprise two or more different, in particular prefabricated base plates. In particular, the construction kit can additionally comprise two or more different, in particular prefabricated scaffolding aids. In particular, the building set can additionally comprise two or more different, in particular prefabricated sensor modules. In particular, the construction kit can additionally comprise two or more different, in particular prefabricated anti-tip safety devices. In particular, the construction kit can additionally comprise two or more different, in particular prefabricated beam modular components. It is further conceivable that at least one of the different beams or beam modular components can be cut to the required length in a flexible manner on site or during manufacturing.

[0019] It is further proposed that at least two of the beams of the installation kit, at least two of the column bases of the installation kit, and / or at least two of the column heads of the installation kit each have different corrosion protection levels, in particular by providing corrosion protection layers with different compositions or thicknesses, or by providing surface materials with different corrosion resistance. This advantageously allows the corrosion resistance of the columns to be adjusted. Advantageously, it is possible to achieve adaptability of the protective net installation to local weather variations or locally different environmental conditions. Furthermore, at least the column bases, column heads, and beams, or other components of the installation kit, can have different corrosion protection levels. For example, it is conceivable that the corrosion protection level of the column base, column base plate, and / or lower beam modular component of the column beam (column base region) can be higher than the corrosion protection level of the column head of the same column or upper beam modular component of the same column beam (column superstructure), especially when the column is located, for example, in permanently wet vegetation or near a water body.

[0020] It is further proposed that at least two of the beams of the installation kit have in each case substantially different core materials, which advantageously makes it possible to adjust the weight and / or bearing strength of the column. For example, it is conceivable that the column foot of a column, the base plate of a column and / or the lower beam modular component of a beam of a column has a stronger / more tensile-resistant / more fracture-resistant / longer-lasting but possibly heavier core material than the column head of the same column or the upper beam modular component of the same column.

[0021] In addition, if at least two of the beams of a construction set are realized as shaped beams, each having a substantially different profile type, it is advantageously possible to adapt the load-bearing characteristics of the columns. Furthermore, it is advantageously possible to adapt to the availability of local profiles, thereby shortening transportation routes and thus reducing resource consumption and / or CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the construction kit can include at least two different column bases, at least two different column heads, and / or at least two different base plates. Herein, different column bases, column heads, and / or base plates can have different sizes, shapes, materials, or functional elements, such as connection points for cables and / or fastening elements / fastening bolts of the protective netting system. For example, the shaped beams can have an H-shape, T-shape, U-shape, Z-shape, or L-shape. Other profiles, including round, rectangular, or square solid or hollow profiles, are also contemplated. In particular, the profile type of each shaped beam can be compatible with standards of different jurisdictions, such as the EU, Australia, the United States, or Indonesia.

[0022] Furthermore, a support column is proposed, particularly manufactured by a modular support system, preferably using a construction set, comprising at least one beam, particularly a profile beam, at least one support base, and at least one support head, the beam being connected to the support base and / or the support head without welding. This advantageously simplifies manufacturing and / or installation, particularly in situ installation at the construction site. Advantageously, by forgoing energy-intensive joining methods such as welding, favorable environmental sustainability can be achieved. Furthermore, it advantageously allows the use of non-weldable materials to form the support columns for protective netting installations.

[0023] Furthermore, the aforementioned advantages of non-welding can be further extended if the column head, column foot and / or base plate themselves are manufactured without welding. In particular, the column head, column foot and / or base plate do not have sub-elements connected to each other by welding. In particular, the column head, column foot and / or base plate are simply manufactured from one or more plates, in particular metal plates, preferably one or more bent, laser-cut and / or stamped plates, preferably metal plates. In this context, if the column head, column foot and / or base plate are made of several plates, in particular metal plates, these can be connected by screwing, plugging, gluing and / or clamping.

[0024] It is further proposed that the support pole comprises a base plate, which is connected to the support foot—particularly without welding—and is configured to at least bolt the support pole to the ground. In this way, simple installation of the support pole is advantageously possible. The base plate, in particular, comprises at least one support surface configured to rest on the ground. The base plate, in particular, has a mounting interface for mounting the support foot to the base plate. The mounting interface can be realized, for example, by a bolt socket. In particular, the mounting interface is configured to mount the support foot, in particular the rest of the support pole, at different angular positions relative to the support surface of the base plate, which may be adjustable or depend on the respective implementation of the support foot. During bolt installation, a bolt, preferably realized as a locking nail, is driven into the ground and clamped or screwed to at least the base plate. In particular, the bolt forms an anchor for the support pole, in particular a soil anchor and / or a rock anchor.

[0025] Herein, if the base plate comprises a plurality of bolt locations for bolts implementing the bolt attachment, and all of the bolt locations of the base plate are aligned with the beam locations for attaching the beam to the base plate, the force distribution can be advantageously optimized during force transmission between the base plate and the beam. Advantageously, in this way, the torque acting on the bolts and / or the base plate is substantially reduced.

[0026] Further, if the base plate is implemented solely by bent metal parts screwed together, it is advantageous to achieve a completely weld-free support column and the associated advantages. Advantageously, the storage space requirements for the base plate can be reduced. Advantageously, a high degree of flexibility regarding the implementation of the base plate can be achieved. In particular, the base plate is composed of only four screws, four spacer tubes, and two bent metal parts. In particular, the bent metal parts of the base plate are at least substantially mirror-symmetrical to each other. The screws are guided, in particular, through the spacer tubes. The spacer tubes preferably determine the distance between the screwed bent metal parts. In this context, the spacer tubes can have different lengths. Advantageously, the length of the spacer tubes corresponds approximately to the diameter of the bolts / lock nails that can fasten the base plate to the ground. For example, the spacer tubes have a length of 50 mm, but can also be longer or shorter depending on requirements.

[0027] In addition, at least the majority of the beam must be at least 380N / mm 2 , preferably at least 470 N / mm 2 , preferentially at least 600N / mm 2 , with particular preference 700N / mm 2It is proposed that the beam be made of, in particular, high-tensile steel, in particular carbon steel, having a tensile strength of 100 MPa. As a result, advantageously, a low weight can be achieved simultaneously with a high degree of stability and / or safety. In particular, the use of this steel as beam material can only be ensured by the weld-free connection possibility to the column base and / or column head of the beam, in particular to all further modular components of the modular column system, since this, in particular, high-tensile (carbon) steel is usually not weldable or can be welded only very poorly and / or with great effort. Furthermore, it is conceivable that one or more further modular components of the modular component, in particular the column head, column base and / or base plate, are also made of the same steel or steel with an equivalent tensile strength.

[0028] Alternatively or additionally, it is proposed that the beams are at least partially made of stainless steel. This advantageously allows for a particularly high degree of corrosion resistance of the posts and / or protective net arrangements with posts, especially when further components of the protective net arrangement are also made of stainless steel. Stainless steel is intended in particular to mean corrosion-resistant steel, which preferably meets the definition of European standard DIN EN10020:2000-07. In particular, the posts are realized as lightweight posts for use in protective net arrangements.

[0029] Alternatively, it is proposed that at least a large portion of the beams be made from wood material, such as acacia or larch, or from herbaceous material, such as lignified bamboo. As a result, a high degree of environmental compatibility can be advantageously achieved. Biodegradability of at least a portion of the posts can be advantageously achieved. In particular, suitable hardwoods achieve sufficient strength for convenient use in many types of protective netting installations, especially those that are temporarily and / or permanently installed.

[0030] Alternatively, it is proposed that at least a majority of the beams be formed from fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP). As a result, advantageous installation characteristics can be achieved. Advantageously, the weight of a fiber-reinforced plastic beam is substantially less than that of a steel beam, advantageously reducing the need for heavy-duty helicopters. Advantageously, handling during transportation and installation is substantially simplified. Furthermore, fiber-reinforced plastic posts can advantageously have particularly high corrosion resistance, especially when using appropriate UV protection. In particular, fiber-reinforced plastic does not rust, in contrast to steel. Advantageously, a long service life of the posts can be achieved. In particular, research has surprisingly shown that despite the substantially different material properties of fiber-reinforced plastic compared to steel, equivalent performance of the two beams can be achieved, especially in the event of load / impact in a protective net installation. Notably, research results indicate that the difference in beam weight does not appear to play a significant role in their protective effect in a protective net installation. The beams are implemented with fibers impregnated with a polymer / resin, such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, and / or basalt fiber. Fiber-reinforced plastic beams are manufactured as quasi-continuous elements in a pultrusion process, in which fibers are bundled together, impregnated with a polymer / resin, pulled through a long mold, e.g., a profile mold, and cured. Beams manufactured in this way can then be coated with one or more protective and / or decorative layers. In particular, the beam completely or almost completely forms the portion of the column located between the column head and the column base.

[0031] Additionally, it is proposed that the beams be formed from or coated with a flame-retardant and / or self-extinguishing material, at least on the surface. As a result, advantageously, a high degree of safety and / or reliability of the protective netting system can be achieved, especially when using posts formed at least partially from FRP material. In particular, the beams are surrounded by at least one flame-retardant coating / outer coating. For example, the flame-retardant coating / outer coating is formed from polyester. Alternatively or additionally, the beams can have a coating / outer coating made from polycarbonate, which can have a particularly self-extinguishing effect. Alternative materials, especially plastic materials, are contemplated. The term "flame-retardant" particularly means that the material is relatively more flame-retardant than FRP, for example, FRP formed from epoxy resin and glass fiber. For example, at least the surface of the beams is formed from a material of building material class B1 according to standard DIN 4102-1:1998-05. According to this standard, standardized test specimens of the tested material must still have an average remaining length of more than 15 cm after the so-called fire shaft test and have an average exhaust gas temperature of less than 200° C. In order to meet the B1 standard, the synthetic resin used to manufacture the beams could itself already be flame-retardant, such as polyester resin.

[0032] In addition, it is proposed that the beams are formed, at least on the surface, from a UV-resistant material. In this way, advantageously, a high degree of reliability and / or a long service life of the protective netting system can be achieved, especially when using posts formed at least partially from FRP material. In particular, the beams are surrounded by at least one UV-resistant coating / outer coating. For example, the UV-resistant coating / outer coating is formed from polyester. Alternatively or additionally, the beams can have a coating / outer coating made from vinyl ester resin, which can have a particularly UV-protective effect. The term "UV-resistant" particularly refers to being relatively more UV-resistant than FRP, for example, FRP formed from epoxy resin and glass fiber. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the synthetic resin used to manufacture the beams itself is already UV-resistant, such as polyester resin or vinyl ester resin. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the coating / outer coating is simultaneously UV-resistant and flame-retardant.

[0033] The beams may have a mass of less than 100 kg per meter of beam length, preferably less than 50 kg per meter of beam length. In this way, advantageous installation characteristics of the protective net installation may be achieved, particularly without compromising the protective effect of the protective net installation. Preferentially, the beams and / or modular beam components of the beams may have a mass of less than 25 kg per meter of beam or beam modular component length. This may advantageously allow manual lifting of the beams or modular beam components, particularly by one person, while complying with labor protection regulations, such as the Swiss SUVA labor protection regulations.

[0034] Additionally, it is proposed that the support pole be provided with at least one fail-safe element, particularly formed from a material different from that of the beam and configured to maintain reduced beam functionality and / or ensure sufficient remaining effective height of the protective net installation / barrier that includes / is supported by the support pole in the event of major damage to the beam, e.g., beam breakage. As a result, a particularly high level of safety and / or reliability of the lightweight support pole for the protective net installation can be achieved. In particular, the fail-safe element is fastened to the beam. The fail-safe element can additionally be fastened to the support pole head and / or support pole foot. In particular, the fail-safe element extends parallel to the main extension direction of the beam. The "main extension direction" of an object is particularly intended to mean the direction extending parallel to the longest edge of the smallest geometric rectangular parallelepiped that still completely encloses the object. In particular, it is conceivable that the support pole may include more than one fail-safe element. In particular, the fail-safe element is configured to keep resulting fragments together in the event of beam breakage. In particular, the fail-safe element is arranged on the valley side or slope side of the installed beam. Alternatively or additionally, the fail-safe element can be arranged on a side of the installed beam perpendicular to the valley side. In particular, if the beam is realized as a profile beam having an H-shape, the fail-safe element is arranged inside the H-shape, in particular on the web of the H-shape. Alternatively, the arrangement of a fail-safe element on one flange of the H-shape or additional fail-safe elements on both flanges of the H-shape is also conceivable. In particular, the fail-safe element is configured to prevent the complete overturning of the protective net installation section in the event of beam breakage. The fail-safe element can be attached to the beam, for example, by gluing, screwing, etc., and / or can be integrated into the beam, for example, by implementing the beam as a multi-part component. The fail-safe element is particularly realized as a rigid component, for example, as a rod-shaped component. The fail-safe element is particularly formed from a material different from FRP. In particular, the fail-safe element is particularly formed from a material having a substantially higher elasticity than FRP. In particular, the modulus of elasticity of the fail-safe element is at least 30% higher, preferably at least 100% higher than the modulus of elasticity of the beam.

[0035] Advantageously, a particularly high degree of safety and / or reliability of the lightweight support for protective netting installations can be achieved if the fail-safe element is realized as a flat bar extending parallel to the main extension direction of the beam and attached (on the outside) to the beam and / or integrated into the beam. In particular, the fail-safe element extends over at least 80% of the total length of the beam, preferably at least 90% of the total length of the beam, and preferentially over the entire beam. In particular, the flat bar contacts the beam on the side with the largest surface area. In particular, the flat bar abuts flat against the surface of the beam. It is conceivable that the flat bar is connected to the support head and / or support foot, for example by clamping, gluing or inserting into the support head and / or support foot.

[0036] Furthermore, if the flat bars are implemented by spring steel, it is advantageously possible to achieve a particularly high resistance to fracture and / or a particularly good safety effect. In particular, the spring steel of the flat bars has a strength of (800 to 2000 N / mm 2 Tensile strength of at least 800N / mm 2 , preferably at least 1000 N / mm 2 In particular, the ratio of the yield strength to the tensile strength of flat spring steel is greater than 80%.

[0037] In particular, the bending metal parts of the beams, as well as the column base, column head and / or base plate, must have a bending strength of at least 380 N / mm 2 , preferably at least 470 N / mm 2 , preferentially at least 600N / mm 2 , with particular preference 700N / mm 2 If the column is made of, in particular high-tensile steel, in particular carbon steel, having a tensile strength of 0.05 to 0.05 mm, a low overall weight of the column can be advantageously achieved with a simultaneous high degree of stability and / or safety. In particular, the use of this steel as column base and / or column head material can only be ensured by the weld-free connectability to the column base and / or column head of the beam, in particular to all further modular components of the modular column system, since this, in particular high-tensile (carbon) steel, is usually not weldable or can be welded only very poorly and / or with great effort.

[0038] In addition, it is proposed that the strut foot comprises at least one integrated anti-tilt component, in particular an integrated anti-tilt component during construction. As a result, a high degree of safety can be advantageously achieved. Furthermore, one-person installation of the strut is advantageously possible. As a result, advantageously, no restraining cables are required during the installation of the strut, in particular because the integrated anti-tilt component already allows the strut to stand on its own within the base plate. As a result, advantageously, installation efficiency is improved, and in particular resource savings (e.g., less helicopter time) can be achieved. In particular, to create a fixing effect against the tilt of the strut, in particular during the installation of the strut, the anti-tilt component of the strut foot interacts with a further anti-tilt component of the strut, which is realized as a bolt that can be attached to the base plate. Here, the further anti-tilt component preferably serves as an abutment for the anti-tilt component of the strut foot, thereby limiting and / or preventing relative movement between the beam / strut foot and the base plate. In particular, the position of the further anti-tilt component within the base plate is variable, in particular for adjusting the maximum permissible tilt angle. For example, the base plate may comprise several (bolt) receiving recesses, which are spaced apart from one another and are configured for attaching a further anti-tilt component to the base plate. In particular, the anti-tilt component integrated into the support foot is realized differently and / or in addition to the modular components of the modular support system that also form the anti-tilt safety. Preferably, the anti-tilt component integrated into the support foot is configured for an initial anti-tilt fixation of the support during installation, while the modular components of the modular support system that form the anti-tilt safety are configured for a permanent anti-tilt fixation of the fully installed support. However, it is also conceivable that the additional anti-tilt safeties realized by the modular components are omitted and only an integrated anti-tilt safety for permanent operation is provided.

[0039] It is further proposed that the strut foot comprises at least one integrated or attached alignment aid for centering the strut foot during installation of the strut to the base plate. This advantageously simplifies the installation of the strut. As a result, advantageously, installation efficiency is improved, and in particular resource savings (e.g., less helicopter time) can be achieved. Furthermore, safety for the installer, in particular the installer's fingers, can be increased. The alignment aid of the strut foot interacts with parts of the base plate, in particular the outer contour of the mounting interface, in order to achieve centering of the strut foot relative to the base plate. In particular, the alignment aid is implemented as one or several elements, such as screws, bolts, etc., which protrude laterally beyond the strut foot and contact the contour of the mounting interface of the base plate with their circumferential surface, which then guides the strut foot into the correctly centered position by means of their contour shape.

[0040] Furthermore, a protective netting installation is proposed which comprises one or several supports and at least one protective net, in particular a high-tensile steel wire net, preferably a high-tensile steel wiring net, which allows advantageous installation characteristics to be obtained while maintaining a particularly high, in particular at least constant, protective effect. In particular, the protective net is a wire net made of wire, preferably 1000 N / mm 2 In this specification, the protective net can be realized as a mesh wire net with a rectangular or diamond-shaped mesh shape, as a steel wire ring net with rings that engage with each other or are shackled to each other, as a so-called omega net with spiral cable strands that are pre-curved into a wave shape and braided together, as a hexagonal net, or as a net with further mesh shapes, or as a combination of the aforementioned nets. Protective nets made of materials other than high-tensile steel are of course also conceivable. In particular, the protective net installation can be realized as a net and cable structure in which the protective net is suspended and, if necessary, guided on cables stretched between supports.

[0041] Furthermore, the modular support system proposes a method for manufacturing supports, preferably from installation kits. As a result, a high degree of efficiency can be advantageously achieved. Advantageously, the manufacturing effort can be reduced, in particular because it is possible to switch from project-related individual manufacturing to serial manufacturing of modular components. This advantageously allows for savings in costs, manufacturing time, and / or resources.

[0042] Furthermore, a method for manufacturing posts, in particular for a protective netting installation with beams made at least predominantly of fiber-reinforced plastic, is proposed, comprising the following method steps: a) producing shaped rods from fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular by pultrusion as continuous parts; b) cutting the shaped rods, in particular to the respective required length, to produce beams realized as shaped beams; c) preparing a post head, in particular made of steel; d) fastening the post head to the beam without welding, for example by means of connecting elements, gluing and / or press-fitting; e) preparing a post base, in particular made of steel; f) fastening the post base to the beam without welding, for example by means of connecting elements, gluing and / or press-fitting; and g) optionally fastening a base plate to the post base without welding. This method advantageously allows the production of particularly lightweight posts, which advantageously exhibit at least equivalent performance to purely steel posts.

[0043] The modular support system according to the invention, the installation kit according to the invention, the support according to the invention, the protective net arrangement according to the invention and the method according to the invention are not limited herein to the applications and implementations mentioned above, and in particular, in order to achieve the functionality described herein, the modular support system according to the invention, the installation kit according to the invention, the support according to the invention, the protective net arrangement according to the invention and the method according to the invention may comprise a number of individual elements, components and units different from the numbers given herein.

[0044] Further advantages will become apparent from the following description of the drawings. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The drawings, description and claims contain numerous features in combination. Those skilled in the art will intentionally consider the features individually and will find further advantageous combinations.

[0045] The drawings are as follows: [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0046] [Figure 1] 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a protective net installation with supports. [Figure 2] 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a column manufactured by the modular column system. [Figure 3a] 1 shows a schematic perspective detail view of a column manufactured by the modular column system. [Figure 3b] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of a base plate of a support column with an alternative bolt arrangement. [Figure 4] 10A and 10B illustrate schematic diagrams of an installation kit for a modular support system for manufacturing different supports configured for use in different protective netting installations. [Figure 5] 1 shows a schematic cross section through an exemplary beam of a support made from fiberglass reinforced plastic. [Figure 6] 1 shows a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a support pole using a modular support pole system and / or installation kit. [Figure 7] 1 shows a schematic flow chart of a fail-safe method for the posts of a protective net installation to prevent the posts from breaking. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0047] Description of exemplary embodiments FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a protective net installation 12. In the illustrated example, the protective net installation 12 is embodied as a rockfall barrier configured to capture an impacting object 96, such as a large rock. Alternative types of the protective net installation 12 are possible. The protective net installation 12 includes a protective net 80. In the illustrated example, the protective net 80 is realized as a steel wiring net. In the illustrated example, the protective net 80 is embodied as a high-tensile steel wiring net. Alternative, conventional types of the protective net 80 are possible. FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, the protective net installation 12 immediately after the impact of an impacting object 96. The impacting object 96 is captured by the rockfall barrier and suspended by the protective net 80. During the capture process, the kinetic energy of the impacting object 96 is completely absorbed by the protective net installation 12. In the illustrated example, the protective net installation 12 includes four support posts 10. The support posts 10 are anchored to the ground 52, which forms a rock wall. The protective net installation 12 includes cables 98. The cables 98 are at least partially anchored to the rock wall. The cables 98 are fastened to the columns 10, in particular to the column heads 18 of the columns 10. The cables 98 are partially threaded through the protective net 80. The protective net 80 is fastened, in particular suspended, to the rock wall and the columns 10 by the cables 98. The protective net arrangement 12 comprises upper load-bearing cables 100. The columns 10 in each case comprise column heads 18. The upper load-bearing cables 100 extend in each case between the column heads 18 of adjacent columns 10. The upper load-bearing cables 100 are fastened to the column heads 18 of the columns 10. The protective net arrangement 12 comprises lower load-bearing cables 102. The columns 10 in each case comprise base plates 50. The lower load-bearing cables 102 extend in each case between the base plates 50 of adjacent columns 10. The lower load-bearing cables 102 are fastened to the base plate 50 of the support 10. The protective net installation 12 shown by way of example in Figure 1 further comprises lateral guy cables 174 and restraining cables 176. The load-bearing cables 100, 102 are realized as steel cables, which are in particular made from high-tensile steel wires.

[0048] FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective overall view of an individual support 10 of a protective net installation 12. FIG. 3a shows a schematic perspective exploded view of a modular support system, in which a portion of the beam 14 of the support 10 has been omitted for clarity. The modular support system is configured to manufacture the support 10. The modular support system comprises modular components 20, 22, 24, 28, 32, 104, 142. The modular components 20, 22, 24, 28, 32, 104, 142 are prefabricated in each case. The support 10 is manufactured by assembling the modular components 20, 22, 24, 28, 32, 104, 142. The support 10 comprises a beam 14. The beam 14 is realized as a profile beam. The beam 14 forms a modular component 104 of the modular support system. In the example shown in FIG. 3a, the modular component 104, which is a beam 14, comprises two separately realized beam modular components 38, 40. The beam 14 has a longitudinal direction 36. The longitudinal direction 36 extends parallel to the main extension direction 74 of the beam 14. The beam modular components 38, 40 can be / are joined in the longitudinal direction 36 of the beam 14. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the beam 14 is realized as a single, integral beam modular component, or that the beam 14 is composed of more than two beam modular components. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3a, the beam modular components 38, 40 are each realized with the same material thickness, outer diameter, and profile type. However, the beam modular components can alternatively have different material thicknesses, different maximum outer diameters, and / or different profile types; in this regard, see in particular the installation kit 42 shown in FIG. 4.

[0049] The beam 14 is manufactured without welding. The beam modular components 38, 40 are connected to each other without welding. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3a, the beam modular components 38, 40 are inserted into each other. The beam 14 is manufactured from a material that is not weldable or difficult to weld. The beam 14 shown in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3a is made from steel, in particular carbon steel. The steel of the beam 14 has a strength of at least 420 N / mm 2Alternatively or additionally, the beam 14 can be made at least partially (e.g., on the exterior) or entirely from stainless steel. However, it is also contemplated that the beam 14 can be manufactured from standard steel, such as structural steel, which may also be weldable. Alternative beam materials are contemplated. For example, FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which at least a majority of the beam 14 is formed from fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP). Furthermore, instead of being formed from metal, at least a majority of the beam 14 can be made from a wood material, such as acacia or larch wood, or from a herbaceous material, such as lignified bamboo.

[0050] The column 10 comprises a column foot 16. The column foot 16 is realized as a modular component 20 of a modular column system. The column foot 16 is realized as a modular component 20 that can be fixed to a modular component 104, which is a beam 14. In the example shown in Fig. 3a, the fixing of the modular components 20, 104, which are the beam 14 and the column foot 16, is effected by screw fastening using screw elements guided through holes in the beam 14 and the column foot 16, respectively. The column foot 16 is attached to the beam 14 without welding. The column foot 16 itself is manufactured without welding. The column foot 16 has a resistance of at least 420 N / mm 2 The base plate 50 of the support 10 is made of steel, in particular carbon steel, having a tensile strength of 100 MPa. Alternatively or additionally, the support leg 16 can be made of stainless steel. The support leg 16 is connected to the beam 14 in a non-destructively replaceable manner. The support leg 16 is connected to the beam 14 in a non-destructively removable manner. The support leg 16 is realized differently and / or separately from the base plate 50 of the support 10.

[0051] The strut leg 16 mounts an adapter part for connecting the beam 14 to the base plate 50. The base plate 50 has a mounting interface 88 for mounting the strut leg 16. The mounting interface 88 of the base plate 50 is realized as a bolt-receiving recess 86 for a mounting bolt 106. The strut leg 16 also has a mounting interface 108. The mounting interface 108 of the strut leg 16 is realized as a through-hole. During mounting of the strut leg 16 to the base plate 50, the mounting bolt 106 is pushed through the through-hole of the mounting interface 108 of the strut leg 16 and through the bolt-receiving recess 86 of the mounting interface 88 of the base plate 50 and is fixed there. This type of bolt mounting allows pivoting of the strut leg 16 relative to the base plate 50. The strut 10 is equipped with an anti-tip safety device 136. The strut leg 16 is equipped with an anti-tip component 76 of the anti-tip safety device 136. The anti-tilt safety 136 of the column foot 16 implements the anti-tilt safety during construction. The anti-tilt component 76 of the column foot 16 is realized so as to be integrated into the column foot 16. The anti-tilt component 76 of the column foot 16 is realized as a (integral) longitudinal extension of the column foot 16. The base plate 50 comprises a further anti-tilt component 110 of the anti-tilt safety 136. The further anti-tilt component 110 of the base plate 50 is realized as a bolt-receiving recess of the base plate 50. When viewed in the installation direction 116 of the column 10, the further anti-tilt component 110 of the base plate 50 is arranged below the mounting interface 108 of the base plate 50. The column 10 comprises a second further anti-tilt component 112 of the anti-tilt safety 136. The second further anti-tilt component 112 of the column 10 is realized as a bolt. To activate the anti-tilt safety device 136, the second further anti-tilt component 112 of the support 10 is configured to be pressed into the bolt-receiving recess of the further anti-tilt component 110 of the base plate 50 and secured therein.As a result, when the strut leg 16 is attached to the base plate 50, the second further anti-tilt component 112 of the strut 10 is arranged relative to the anti-tilt component 76 of the strut leg 16 in such a way that the anti-tilt component 76 of the strut leg 16 abuts against the second further anti-tilt component 112 of the strut 10, thus limiting the rotation of the strut leg 16 relative to the base plate 50, i.e. preventing tilting in particular of the beam 14 attached to the strut leg 16. The base plate 50 can be provided with a number of further anti-tilt components 110, so that a maximum tilt angle can be set and / or a fixed tilt direction can be defined.

[0052] The strut leg 16 is provided with an alignment aid 78. The alignment aid 78 is configured to center the strut leg 16 during its attachment to the base plate 50. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3a, the alignment aid 78 is attached to the strut leg 16. Alternatively, the alignment aid 78 can be integrated into the strut leg 16. In the illustrated case, the alignment aid 78 is implemented by two threaded bolts that pass through the strut leg 16 and are fastened to it. The base plate 50 has an alignment contour 114. When viewed in the installation direction 116 of the strut 10, the alignment contour 114 is located above the mounting interface 108 of the base plate 50. The threaded bolts that form the alignment aid 78 contact the alignment contour 114 with their circumferential surface. As a result of the threaded bolt forming the alignment aid 78 passing over the alignment contour 114, the support leg 16 is pressed (automatically / with the assistance of gravity) into an aligned position in which the mounting interfaces 88, 108 preferably have optimal overlap, thus allowing for easy insertion of the mounting bolt 106.

[0053] The strut leg 16 has a beam interface 118. The beam interface 118 of the strut leg 16 is configured for weldless attachment of the strut leg 16 to the beam 14. The beam 14 has a strut leg interface 120. The strut leg interface 120 is configured for weldless attachment of the beam 14 to the strut leg 16. In the case shown in FIG. 3 a, the strut leg interface 120 and the beam interface 118 of the strut leg 16 are connected by screws inserted through overlapping holes in the beam 14 and the strut leg 16. The beam interface 118 of the strut leg 16 is located at a longitudinal end of the strut leg 16 opposite the longitudinal end at which the anti-tilt component 76 of the strut leg 16 is located.

[0054] The column 10 comprises a column head 18. The column head 18 is realized as a modular component 22 of a modular column system. The column head 18 is realized as a modular component 22 that can be fixed to a modular component 104, which is a beam 14. In the example shown in FIG. 3a, the fixing of the modular components 22, 104, which are the beam 14 and the column head 18, is effected by screw fastening using screw elements guided through holes in the beam 14 and the column head 18, respectively. The column head 18 is attached to the beam 14 without welding. The column head 18 itself is manufactured without welding. The column head 18 has a resistance of at least 420 N / mm 2 The strut head 18 is made of steel, in particular carbon steel, having a tensile strength of 100 MPa. Alternatively or additionally, the strut head 18 can be made of stainless steel. The strut head 18 is connected to the beam 14 in a non-destructively replaceable manner. The strut head 18 is connected to the beam 14 in a non-destructively removable manner. The strut head 18 includes attachment points for cable guides 122 and / or shackles 124, etc.

[0055] The column head 18 has a beam interface 126. The beam interface 126 of the column head 18 is configured for weldless attachment of the column head 18 to the beam 14. The beam 14 has a column head interface 128. The column head interface 128 is configured for weldless attachment of the beam 14 to the column head 18. In the case shown in Figure 3a, the column head interface 128 and the beam interface 126 of the column head 18 are connected by screws inserted through overlapping holes in the beam 14 and the column head 18.

[0056] The support 10 includes a scaffolding aid 26. The support 10 includes multiple scaffolding aids 26; however, only one scaffolding aid is numbered and described in detail in FIG. 3a. The scaffolding aids 26 are realized to be at least substantially identical to one another. The scaffolding aids 26 are realized as further modular components 24 of a modular support system. The scaffolding aids 26 are configured to assist a person (see FIG. 1) in climbing the support 10. The scaffolding aids 26 are attached to a front surface 130 of the support 10. However, alternative arrangements of the scaffolding aids 26 may also be envisioned. The scaffolding aids 26 are attached to the beam 14 without welding. The beam 14 has an attachment interface 132 for attaching the scaffolding aids 26. The scaffolding aids 26 are realized as substantially (U-shaped) bent rods, in particular metal rods. The mounting interface 132 for attaching the scaffolding aids 26 has holes into which the ends of the bent rods can be inserted to form the scaffolding aids 26. At the ends of the bent rods, the scaffolding aids 26 each have a fixing element 134, which prevents the scaffolding aids 26 from being removed from the beam 14. The fixing element 134 can be realized as an angled end region or as a fixing bolt or fixing wedge that is inserted through the end of the bent rod of the scaffolding aid 26. Alternatively, the scaffolding aids 26 can be mounted by means of a steel strap that is wrapped around the beam 14 and tensioned.

[0057] The column 10 comprises a tilt safety 30. The tilt safety 30 is realized as a further modular component 28 of the modular column system. The tilt safety 30 is realized as a permanent tilt safety. The tilt safety 30 can be provided instead of or in addition to a tilt safety 136 that is partially integrated into the column foot 16. It is conceivable that the tilt safety 136 that is partially integrated into the column foot 16 is used during construction of the column 10, and that the tilt safety 30 that forms the modular component 28 secures the column 10 after assembly. However, it is also conceivable that one of the two tilt safety devices 30, 136 is omitted entirely. The tilt safety 30 comprises a cable structure. The tilt safety 30 is attached to the beam 14 without welding. The tilt safety 30 is attached to the base plate 50 without welding. Additionally, it is conceivable that the anti-tip safety device 30 is attached to the beam 14 without holes (see the component of the installation kit 42 in FIG. 4 having the reference number 30′). However, in the case shown in FIG. 3 a, the anti-tip safety device 30 is screwed to the beam 14 via the mounting interface 138.

[0058] The support 10 includes a sensor module 34. The sensor module 34 is realized as a further modular component 32 of the modular support system. The sensor module 34 can include a pressure sensor, a tension sensor, a corrosion sensor, etc. The sensor module 34 can be configured to monitor impact events in the protective net equipment 12, aging or wear of the protective net equipment 12, or environmental parameters of the protective net equipment 12. The support 10 includes a sensor module interface 140. The sensor module interface 140 is arranged in the support head 18. Alternatively or additionally, the beam 14, the support foot 16, or the base plate 50 can also include the sensor module interface 140. The sensor module 34 can be realized in the manner described in German patent application with document number DE102020122861A1.

[0059] The base plate 50 is realized as a further modular component 142 of the modular support system. The base plate 50 is connected to the support base 16 without welding. The base plate 50 is configured to bolt the support 10 to the ground 52. The base plate 50 has a plurality of bolt placement locations 54, 56, 144 for bolts 58, 60 that implement the bolted installation. In the exemplary embodiment shown by way of example in FIG. 3a, the base plate 50 has exactly three bolt placement locations 54, 56, 144. In the example shown in FIG. 3a, only two bolt placement locations 54, 56 are also occupied by bolts 58, 60. The third bolt placement location 144, configured for diagonally installing an additional bolt, remains empty in this case. The base plate 50 has a beam placement location 64 for attaching a beam 14 to the base plate 50. The beam placement location 64 is defined / predetermined by the mounting interface 88 of the base plate 50. All of the bolt locations 54 , 56 , 144 of the base plate 50 are arranged in a row 62 with the beam locations 64 of the base plate 50 .

[0060] The base plate 50 itself is manufactured without welding. It is realized only by bent metal parts 66, 68 that are screwed together. The base plate 50 comprises exactly two bent metal parts 66, 68. The bent metal parts 66, 68 are realized so that they are mirror images of each other. The bent metal parts 66, 68 are connected to each other by screws 146. The base plate 50 forms one or several cable guide areas 148.

[0061] FIG. 3b shows a base plate with an alternative arrangement of bolts 58, 60. One of the two bolts 58 is arranged diagonally relative to the other bolt 60. The base plate 50 includes an insert 180. The insert 180 forms a diagonal bolt support for the bolt 58. The insert 180 is placed on the base plate 50. In the installed state, the insert 180 is configured to be pressed against the base plate 50 by the bolt 58, in particular by the bolt nut 182 of the bolt 58, which can be screwed onto the bolt 58. Preferably, the diagonally arranged bolt 60 is used when it is not possible to create an underlying concrete foundation. However, it is also conceivable to use the diagonally arranged bolt 60 even when a concrete foundation is present.

[0062] FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a construction kit 42 for a modular support system for manufacturing posts 10 configured for use in different (types, sizes, etc.) protective netting installations 12. The construction kit 42 includes a building set for a large number of posts 10. The construction kit 42 includes a plurality of different beams 14, 14′, 14″, 14′′, 14′″. The different beams 14, 14′, 14″, 14′′, 14′″ of the construction kit 42 have different lengths, different profile types, and / or different lateral lengths. Additionally, the construction kit 42 can include different beam modular components 38, 40 that can be assembled to form different additional beams 14. The construction kit 42 includes a plurality of beams 14 each having a substantially different core material. The construction kit 42 includes a plurality of beams 14 each having a different corrosion protection level. The construction kit 42 includes a plurality of different post heads 18, 18′. The different pole heads 18, 18' can have different sizes, different cable guides 122, different cable fastening devices, different shapes, different materials, etc. The installation kit 42 includes a plurality of different pole legs 16, 16'. The different pole legs 16, 16' can have different sizes, different anti-tilt safeties 30, different alignment aids 78, different materials, etc. The installation kit 42 includes a plurality of different base plates 50, 50'. The different base plates 50, 50' can have different sizes, different materials, different material thicknesses, different cable guide regions 148, different cable fastening devices, different bolt placement locations 54, 56, different mounting interfaces 88, different alignment contours 114, etc. The installation kit 42 includes a plurality of different sensor modules 34, 34'. The different sensor modules 34, 34' can have different module sizes, different sensor combinations, etc. The installation kit 42 includes a plurality of different anti-tilt safeties 30, 30'. The different anti-roll safeties 30, 30' may have different strengths or different mounting interfaces 138 for mounting to the beam 14, etc. The holeless fastened anti-roll safety 30' is fixed / fastened to the beam 14 by a clamp 44.To create the retention, the clamp 44 engages on one of the flanges 152, 154 of the section of the beam 14, which is realized as a section beam, for example. To create the retention, the clamp 44 engages around the flanges 152, 154 of the section of the beam 14. Alternative non-perforated fastenings of the anti-tip safety devices 30, 30' to the beam 14 are conceivable, such as a steel strap wrapped around the beam 14 or a screw / clamp to the beam 14 (for example in the form of a screw clamp or the like).

[0063] In each case, at least one beam 14, 14', 14'', 14''', 14'''', column head 18, 18', column foot 16, 16' and base plate 50, 50' can be combined to form a different column 10. The different columns 10 are intended for different sizes, different energy classes and / or different types of protective net installations 12, in particular having different service life requirements or different expected load situations / load types.

[0064] FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross section through a beam 14 of an exemplary support 10 manufactured by a modular support system, in particular from an installation kit 42. The beam 14 of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5 is realized as a beam 14 made, by way of example, at least predominantly from fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP, fiber-reinforced polymer). A beam 14 realized in this way advantageously has a mass of less than 100 kg per meter of beam 14 length. The beam 14 forms an H / I shape. The beam 14 comprises a web 150. The beam 14 comprises a first flange 152. The beam 14 comprises a second flange 154 located opposite the first flange 152. At least on a surface 70, the beam 14 is made from a fire-retardant material. At least on a surface 70, the beam 14 is made from a self-extinguishing material. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the entire beam 14 is made from a fire-retardant and / or self-extinguishing material, in particular fiber-reinforced plastic. At least the surface 70 of the beam 14 is made of a UV-resistant material. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the entire beam 14 is made of a UV-resistant material, in particular a fiber-reinforced polyester resin or a vinyl ester resin. The beam 14 shown by way of example in FIG. 5 has a core 156 and several covering layers 158, 160, 162. In the illustrated example, the core 156 of the beam 14 is made of glass roving impregnated with a polymer resin. Alternatively, basalt roving, aramid roving, carbon roving, etc. are also conceivable. In the illustrated example, the first covering layer 158 of the beam 14 is implemented by a glass fiber mat impregnated with a polymer resin. Alternatively, basalt fiber mat, aramid fiber mat, carbon fiber mat, etc. are also conceivable. In the illustrated example, the second covering layer 160 of the beam 14 is implemented by a so-called surface finishing veil. The facing veil is formed, in particular, from nonwoven, uniformly distributed glass fiber strands impregnated with a polymer resin, and serves to strengthen the surface of the component and create a smooth, resin-rich, and durable surface. In the illustrated example, the third covering layer 162 of the beam 14 is implemented by a coating of a self-extinguishing and UV-resistant material, such as polyester.

[0065] The support 10 includes a fail-safe element 72 (not shown in the view of the beam 14 in FIG. 3a). The fail-safe element 72 is configured to maintain a reduced beam function in the event of major damage to the beam 14. The fail-safe element 72 is configured to ensure a sufficient remaining effective height of the protective net installation 12 comprising the support 10 in the event of major damage to the beam 14. The fail-safe element 72 is arranged to extend parallel to the main extension direction 74 of the beam 14. The fail-safe element 72 is attached to the beam 14 (e.g., by screws). Alternatively, the fail-safe element 72 can also be partially or completely integrated into the beam 14, for example, into the core 156 of the beam 14. The fail-safe element 72 is realized as flat steel. The flat steel is implemented by spring steel. The fail-safe element 72 extends over more than 80%, preferably more than 90%, of the distance between the base 16 and the head 18 of the support 10.

[0066] FIG. 6 shows a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing posts 10 for a protective net installation 12. In the method, the posts 10 can be manufactured using a modular support system. In the method, the posts 10 can be manufactured using an installation kit 42. In at least one method step 82, a shaped rod is manufactured from fiber-reinforced plastic by pultrusion. The shaped rod is manufactured as a continuous element in a continuous process. The manufactured shaped rod can have one of the shaped shapes described above. In at least one further method step 84, the shaped rod is cut to the required length. Herein, a desired beam 14 for each post 10 is manufactured. Alternatively, in at least one method step 46, the desired beam 14 can be manufactured by joining several modular beam components 38, 40. In a further, alternative method step 48, the beam 14 can also be manufactured from a material other than fiber-reinforced plastic, such as high-tensile steel, stainless steel, wood or herbaceous material, etc. In at least one further method step 90, a respectively matching column head 18 is provided. In at least one further method step 92, the column head 18 is fastened to the beam 14 without welding. In at least one further method step 92, the column foot 16 is provided. In at least one further method step 94, the column foot 16 is fastened to the beam 14 without welding. In at least one further method step 164, the base plate 50 is provided. In at least one further method step 166, the base plate 50 is fastened to the column foot 16 without welding. In at least one further method step 168, the fail-safe element 72 is fastened to the beam 14. Alternatively or additionally, the fail-safe element 72 can be fastened to the column head 18, the column foot 16 and / or the base plate 50. Furthermore, the failsafe element 72 may alternatively already be integrated into the beam 14 during the pultrusion of method step 82. In at least one further method step 170, the mast 10 is installed in the protective netting arrangement 12.

[0067] 7 shows a schematic flow chart of a fail-safe method for a pole 10 of a protective net arrangement 12 to prevent the pole from breaking. In at least one method step 172, at least two pieces of the pole 10 are held together by a fail-safe element 72, so that the reduced beam function of the broken pole 10 is maintained and / or sufficient remaining effective height of the protective net arrangement 12 is ensured. In at least one further method step 178, a modular component 20, 22, 24, 28, 32, 104, 142 damaged, for example by impact, is replaced, preferably in situ at the protective net arrangement 12. For this purpose, the damaged modular component 20, 22, 24, 28, 32, 104, 142 is removed from the support 10 without damaging the undamaged modular component 20, 22, 24, 28, 32, 104, 142 and replaced by a new, undamaged modular component 20, 22, 24, 28, 32, 104, 142 having the same functionality as the damaged modular component 20, 22, 24, 28, 32, 104, 142. [Explanation of symbols]

[0068] 10 pillars 12 Protection net equipment 14 Beam 16 Strut leg 18 Strut head 20 Modular Components 22 Modular Components 24 modular components 26 Scaffolding aids 28 Modular Components 30 Backward tilt prevention safety device 32 Modular Components 34 Sensor Module 36 Longitudinal 38 Beam Modular Components 40 Beam Modular Components 42 Installation Kit 44 Clamp 46 Method steps 48 Method steps 50 base plate 52 Ground 54 Bolt placement location 56 Bolt placement location 58 volts 60 volts 62 columns 64 Beam placement location 66 Bent Metal Parts 68 Bent Metal Parts 70 surface 72 Fail-safe elements 74 Main extension direction 76 Anti-retroversion component 78 Centering aid 80 Protective Net 82 Method steps 84 Method steps 86 Bolt receiving recess 88 Mounting Interface 90 Method steps 92 Method steps 94 Method steps 96 Impactor 98 Cable 100 Upper Load-Bearing Cable 102 Lower load-bearing cable 104 Modular Components 106 Mounting bolt 108 Mounting Interface 110 Anti-retroversion component 112 Anti-retroversion component 114 Centering Contour 116 Installation direction 118 Beam Interface 120 Support base interface 122 Cable guide 124 Shackle 126 Beam Interface 128 Column Head Interface 130 Front 132 Mounting Interface 134 Fixed Elements 136 Backward tilt prevention safety device 138 Mounting Interface 140 Sensor Module Interface 142 Modular Components 144 Bolt placement location 146 Screw 148 Cable guide area 150 Web 152 flange 154 flange 156 cores 158 Covering layer 160 Covering layer 162 Covering layer 164 Method steps 166 Method steps 168 Method steps 170 Method steps 172 Method steps 174 Side branch cable 176 Retaining Cable 178 Method steps 180 Insert parts 182 Bolts and nuts

Claims

1. 1. A modular support system for manufacturing supports (10) for protective net installations (12), such as rockfall barriers, debris flow barriers, shallow landslide barriers, avalanche barriers, etc., wherein the supports (10) comprise at least one beam (14), in particular a profile beam, and comprise at least one column foot (16) and at least one column head (18), characterized in that at least the column foot (16) and / or at least the column head (18) are realized as modular components (20, 22), in particular prefabricated, which can be fixed to the beam (14).

2. 2. A modular column system according to claim 1, characterized by a weld-free attachment possibility of the column base (16) and / or the column head (18) to the beam (14).

3. 3. A modular support system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least the support foot (16) and / or at least the support head (18) are preferably non-destructively replaceable and / or preferably non-destructively detachable connectable to the beam (14) to form the support (10).

4. 4. The modular support system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by at least one further modular component (24), in particular prefabricated, which can be fastened to the beam (14) and which is realized as a scaffolding aid (26) and which can be attached to the beam (14), preferably without welding.

5. 5. A modular support system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by at least one further modular component (28), in particular prefabricated, which can be fastened to at least said beam (14) and which is realised as an anti-tip safety device (30) and which can be attached to said beam (14), in particular without welding and preferably without holes.

6. 6. The modular column system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one further modular component (32), in particular prefabricated, which can be combined with the beam (14), the column foot (16) and / or the column head (18), which is realized as a sensor module (34) and which comprises, for example, at least one pressure sensor, at least one tension sensor, at least one corrosion sensor, etc.

7. 7. A modular support system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the beam (14) comprises at least two modular beam components (38, 40) that can be joined, in particular in the longitudinal direction (36) of the beam (14).

8. 8. The modular support system of claim 7, wherein the beam modular components (38, 40) joining together to form the beam (14) have different material thicknesses, different maximum outer diameters and / or different profile types.

9. An installation kit (42) for a modular support system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising at least two or more, in particular prefabricated beams (14, 14'), and at least two or more, in particular prefabricated, column bases (16) and / or in particular prefabricated column heads (18) that can be combined with said beams (14).

10. 10. The installation kit (42) according to claim 9, characterized in that at least two of the beams (14, 14') of the installation kit (42), at least two of the column legs (16, 16') of the installation kit (42), and / or at least two of the column heads (18, 18') of the installation kit (42) each have different corrosion protection levels, in particular are provided with corrosion protection layers having different compositions or different thicknesses, or are provided with surface materials with different corrosion resistance.

11. 11. The installation kit (42) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that at least two of the beams (14, 14') of the installation kit (42) have substantially different core materials.

12. The construction kit (42) according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that at least two of the beams (14, 14') of the construction kit (42) are realized as profile beams having substantially different profile types, respectively.

13. Column (10), manufactured in particular by a modular column system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, preferably using an installation kit (42) according to any one of claims 9 to 12, comprising at least one beam (14), in particular a profile beam, comprising at least one column foot (16) and at least one column head (18), characterized in that the beam (14) is connected to the column foot (16) and / or the column head (18) without welding.

14. 14. A pillar (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that the pillar head (18) itself is manufactured without welding.

15. Column (10) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the column base (16) itself is manufactured without welding.

16. A support (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized by a base plate (50) which is connected to the support foot (16), in particular without welding, and which is configured for bolting the support (10) to at least the ground (52).

17. 17. The support (10) of claim 16, wherein the base plate (50) has a plurality of bolt placement locations (54, 56, 144) for bolts (58, 60) that implement the bolt attachment, and all of the bolt placement locations (54, 56, 144) of the base plate (50) are arranged in a row (62) with beam placement locations (64) for attaching the beam (14) to the base plate (50).

18. 18. A strut (10) according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the base plate (50) itself is manufactured without welding.

19. Column (10) according to claim 18, characterized in that the base plate (50) is realized exclusively by bent metal parts (66, 68) screwed together.

20. At least the majority of the beam (14) preferably has a resistance of at least 380 N / mm ２ 20. A strut (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that it is made from steel, in particular carbon steel, having a tensile strength of .gtoreq.

21. A column (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that the beam (14) is at least partly made of stainless steel.

22. A support (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that at least a major part of the beam (14) is made from a wooden material, for example acacia or larch wood, or from a herbaceous material, for example lignified bamboo.

23. A support (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that at least a major part of the beam (14) is made from fibre reinforced plastic (FRP).

24. 24. A support (10) according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the beam (14) is made from or coated with a fire-retardant and / or self-extinguishing material at least on its surface (70).

25. A support (10) according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the beam (14) is made from or coated with a UV-resistant material at least on its surface (70).

26. A support (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 25, characterized by at least one fail-safe element (72) configured to maintain a reduced beam function and / or ensure a sufficient remaining effective height of a protective net installation (12) comprising said support (10) in the event of major damage to said beam (14).

27. 27. A support (10) according to claim 26, characterized in that the fail-safe element (72) is realized as a flat steel bar extending parallel to the main extension direction (74) of the beam (14) and attached to and / or integrated in the beam (14).

28. 28. A strut (10) according to claim 27, characterized in that the flat bars are implemented by spring steel.

29. The strut legs (16) preferably have a resistance of at least 380 N / mm ２ Strut (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 28, characterized in that it is made from steel, in particular carbon steel, having a tensile strength of .gtoreq.

30. A support (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 29, characterized in that the support base (16) comprises at least one integrated anti-tilt component (76), in particular an integrated anti-tilt component during construction.

31. A column (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 30, characterized in that the column foot (16) comprises at least one integrated or attached centering aid (78) for centering the column foot (16) during mounting of the column (10) on a base plate (50).

32. The strut head (18) preferably has a strength of at least 380 N / mm ２ 32. A strut (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 31, characterized in that it is made from steel, in particular carbon steel, having a tensile strength of .gtoreq.

33. A protective net installation (12), in particular a rockfall barrier, debris flow barrier, shallow landslide barrier, avalanche barrier or the like, comprising one or several supports (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 32, and comprising at least one protective net (80), in particular a high-tensile steel wire net, preferably a high-tensile steel wiring net.

34. A method for manufacturing a column (10) according to any one of claims 13 to 32 using a modular column system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, preferably from an installation kit (42) according to any one of claims 9 to 12.

35. A method for manufacturing a pole (10) according to claim 23, in particular for a protective net installation (12) according to claim 33, comprising the following method steps (82, 84, 90, 92, 94, 166): - manufacturing a profile rod from fiber-reinforced plastic by pultrusion, in particular as a continuous part; cutting the profile rods, in particular to the respective required length, in order to manufacture the beams (14) realized as profile beams; providing a column head (18), in particular made of steel; - fixing the column head (18) to the beam (14) without welding, for example by means of connecting elements, by gluing and / or press-fitting; providing a column base (16), in particular made of steel; - fixing said column leg (16) to said beam (14) without welding, for example by means of connecting elements, by gluing and / or press-fitting; Optionally, fixing a base plate (50) to said strut leg (16) without welding. A method comprising:

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