Adsorption module and reactor for capturing carbon dioxide

Abstract

In one embodiment, a module comprising an adsorbent for removing CO2 from ambient air, an exhaust gas stream, or a process gas stream is described herein. In some embodiments, such a module provides a unique structure, fluid flow path, and associated flow management characteristics for efficiently capturing and processing CO2 from a fluid stream. In some embodiments, a module for capturing CO2 from a fluid stream comprises a fluid stream inlet including an inlet duct and an inlet valve for reversibly sealing the inlet duct, and a floor for adsorbing CO2 from the fluid stream. The module also includes a fluid stream outlet having an outlet duct and an outlet valve for reversibly sealing the outlet duct. The fluid stream inlet duct is in fluid communication with piping for recovering a concentrated CO2 fluid stream, and the outlet duct is in fluid communication with a source of desorption fluid operable to desorb CO2 captured by the floor, and / or a source of cooling fluid operable to lower the temperature of the floor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Cross - reference to Related Applications This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 456,195, filed on March 31, 2023, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0002] This application relates to techniques for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from fluid streams, and more particularly, to modules including adsorbents for removing CO2 from ambient air and / or exhaust gas and / or process streams.

Background Art

[0003] Anthropogenic global warming and related climate change, as currently understood, pose an existential threat to many ecosystems and human lifestyles. The extraction and combustion of fossil fuels are major contributors to global warming by releasing large amounts of heat - trapping gases such as methane and CO2. In recent years, due to the concentration of CO2 exceeding the 400 ppm mark, CO2 accounts for the majority of greenhouse gas emissions. Current CO2 levels exceed any concentration in the past 800,000 years.

[0004] In view of this worrying trend in atmospheric CO2 concentrations, countries and industries are embarking on various mitigation strategies to reduce CO2 emissions as well as methane emissions. The electrification of vehicles and transportation systems has received significant attention. Furthermore, substantial investments, both public and private, are being made in the transition to green / renewable energy sources including wind and solar. While these mitigation strategies are promising, they cannot address the CO2 already present in the atmosphere and the CO2 being generated by current fossil fuel consumption. Thus, existing carbon dioxide levels are left to the slow natural decomposition process.

Summary of the Invention

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] In one embodiment, a module comprising an adsorbent for removing CO2 from ambient air, an exhaust gas stream, or a process gas stream is described herein. In some embodiments, such a module provides a unique structure, fluid flow path, and associated flow management characteristics for efficiently capturing and processing CO2 from a fluid stream. In some embodiments, a module for capturing CO2 from a fluid stream comprises a fluid stream inlet including an inlet duct and an inlet valve for reversibly sealing the inlet duct, and a floor for adsorbing CO2 from the fluid stream. The module also includes a fluid stream outlet having an outlet duct and an outlet valve for reversibly sealing the outlet duct. The fluid stream inlet duct is in fluid communication with piping for recovering a concentrated CO2 fluid stream, and the outlet duct is in fluid communication with a source of desorption fluid operable to desorb CO2 captured by the floor, and / or a source of cooling fluid operable to lower the temperature of the floor.

[0006] In another embodiment, a reactor is provided for capturing CO2 from a fluid stream, the reactor comprising a plurality of modules. In some embodiments, the reactor comprises a first module and a second module, each of which comprises a fluid stream inlet having an inlet duct and an inlet valve for reversibly sealing the inlet duct, a floor for adsorbing CO2 from the fluid stream, and a fluid stream outlet having an outlet duct and an outlet valve for reversibly sealing the outlet duct. In some embodiments, the fluid stream inlet ducts of the first and second modules are in fluid communication with a common piping for recovering the concentrated CO2 fluid stream supplied by the first and second modules, and the outlet ducts of the first and second modules are in fluid communication with a common source of desorption fluid operable to desorb CO2 captured by the floor, and / or a common source of cooling fluid operable to lower the temperature of the floor. As described herein, the reactor may comprise one or more additional modules, each having the structure of a first module and a second module.

[0007] In another embodiment, a method for removing CO2 from a fluid stream is provided. In some embodiments, the method for removing CO2 from a fluid stream includes providing a reactor comprising a first module and a second module, each having a fluid stream inlet with an inlet duct and an inlet valve for reversibly sealing the inlet duct, a bed for adsorbing CO2 from the fluid stream, and a fluid stream outlet with an outlet duct and an outlet valve for reversibly sealing the outlet duct. The fluid stream is fed into the fluid stream inlet ducts of the first module and the second module to come into contact with the adsorption beds of the first module and the second module, removing CO2 from the fluid stream. The CO2-deficient fluid stream is then passed through the outlet ducts of the first module and the second module. After a desired time, the inlet ducts and outlet ducts of the first module and the second module are sealed by the inlet valve and the outlet valve, respectively. The desorption fluid is sent to the outlet ducts of the first and second modules to desorb the CO2 captured by the floor and generate a concentrated CO2 fluid stream. The concentrated CO2 fluid stream is sent to piping for recovering the concentrated CO2 fluid stream from the first and second modules via the inlet ducts of the first and second modules.

[0008] These and other embodiments will be further described in the following detailed description. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This is a top cross-sectional view of a module, showing the module's cooling function as well as its CO2 adsorption and desorption capabilities, according to several embodiments. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] The embodiments described herein can be more readily understood by referring to the following detailed description and examples, as well as the preceding and following descriptions. However, the elements, apparatus, and methods described herein are not limited to the specific embodiments presented in the detailed description and examples. It should be recognized that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily see numerous modifications and adaptations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0011] I. Adsorption Module A module for capturing CO2 from a fluid stream is provided as described herein. In some embodiments, the module comprises a fluid stream inlet including an inlet duct and an inlet valve for reversibly sealing the inlet duct, and a floor for adsorbing CO2 from the fluid stream. The module also includes a fluid stream outlet having an outlet duct and an outlet valve for reversibly sealing the outlet duct. The fluid stream inlet duct is in fluid communication with piping for recovering a concentrated CO2 fluid stream, and the outlet duct is in fluid communication with a source of desorption fluid that is operable to desorb CO2 captured by the floor and / or to lower the temperature of the floor.

[0012] Focusing on a specific component, the inlet duct has multiple functions for fluid stream management within the module. In one embodiment, the inlet allows a fluid stream, such as ambient air, exhaust gas stream, or process gas stream, to reach a bed for adsorbing CO2 from the fluid stream. The inlet duct may include, for example, one or more baffles and / or other devices for guiding the fluid stream to the adsorption bed. The specifications and arrangement of the baffles may depend, but are not limited, on various considerations, including the arrangement of the adsorption bed relative to the inlet duct, the source of the fluid stream, and the flow rate of the fluid stream in the inlet duct. In some embodiments, the inlet to the inlet duct is non-parallel to the inlet surface of the adsorption bed. For example, the inlet of the inlet duct is perpendicular or right to the inlet surface of the adsorption bed. Such an arrangement is shown in Figure 1. Also, as shown in Figure 1, a baffle 12 may extend upward to the inlet surface 14 of the adsorption bed 13. The baffle 12 guides the fluid stream 15 entering the inlet duct 11 to the adsorption bed 13.

[0013] As described herein, the inlet duct is also in fluid communication with piping for recovering the concentrated CO2 fluid stream. Thus, the inlet duct serves both the purpose of directing the inlet fluid stream to the adsorbent to remove CO2 from the fluid stream, and the purpose of directing the concentrated CO2 fluid stream to the recovery piping for further processing. To facilitate this dual function, the inlet duct is equipped with a valve for reversibly sealing the inlet duct. The valve may have any structure suitable for the technical purposes described herein. In some embodiments, the valve may be a panel, door, or louver. In some embodiments, the inlet valve is located in a fixed position on the module. When in the fixed position, the inlet valve does not move or translate along or above the adsorption bed. The inlet valve can be switched between an open position and a closed position without changing its position on the module. As further described herein, the inlet valve is in the open position while adsorbing CO2 from the fluid stream. In contrast, the inlet valve is in the closed position when the inlet duct is directing the concentrated CO2 fluid stream to the recovery piping during the CO2 desorption process.

[0014] The module also includes an outlet duct. Similar to the inlet duct, the outlet duct has several functions for managing the fluid stream within the module. In one embodiment, the outlet duct discharges the fluid stream from the module after the fluid stream has interacted with the adsorption bed for CO2 removal. The outlet duct is also in fluid communication with a source of desorption fluid operable to desorb CO2 collected by the adsorption bed, and / or a source of cooling fluid operable to lower the temperature of the bed and / or dry the adsorption bed. The desorption fluid can be, for example, hot steam or other gas to perform CO2 desorption. In some embodiments, the cooling / drying fluid may be nitrogen and / or other inert gases. In some embodiments, the outlet duct is non-parallel to the outlet surface of the adsorption bed. For example, in some embodiments, the outlet duct may be perpendicular or right to the outlet surface of the adsorption bed.

[0015] To facilitate dual function, the outlet duct is provided with a valve for reversibly sealing the outlet duct. The valve can have any structure suitable for the technical purposes described herein. In some embodiments, the valve may be a panel, door, or louver. In some embodiments, the outlet valve is located in a fixed position on the module. When in a fixed position, the outlet valve does not move or translate along or above the adsorption bed. The outlet valve can be switched between an open position and a closed position without changing its position on the module. While adsorbing CO2 from the fluid stream, the outlet valve is in the open position. In contrast, when the outlet duct is directing the desorption fluid to the adsorption bed for CO2 desorption, the outlet valve is in the closed position. In some embodiments, a diffuser or other fluid distribution medium is located inside or adjacent to the outlet duct to distribute the desorption fluid across the entire outlet surface of the adsorption bed. To distribute the desorption fluid across the entire outlet surface of the adsorption bed, the diffuser may be, for example, a perforated plate or other porous medium. In some embodiments, the diffuser extends over the entire or substantially entire outlet surface of the adsorption bed. When extending substantially over the entire surface, the diffuser extends over at least 90%, 95%, or 99% of the area of ​​the outlet surface.

[0016] In particular, the diffuser can be positioned within the outlet duct so as not to interfere with, obstruct, or block the fluid stream that passes through the adsorption bed and is discharged from the module through the outlet duct. In some embodiments, the diffuser can be positioned within the outlet duct such that only a portion of the fluid stream that passes through the adsorption bed also passes through the diffuser. For example, a portion of the fluid stream that passes through the diffuser can be equal to or substantially equal to the volume of the outlet duct downstream of the diffuser or below the diffuser. Referring to Figure 1, this volume is shown as the hatched area 29. If substantially equal, the fluid and duct volumes are within 10%, 5%, or 1%.

[0017] As shown in Figure 1, the diffuser 21 is positioned or arranged within the outlet duct 16 to avoid interference with the fluid stream 15 that passes through the adsorption bed 13 and is discharged from the module via the outlet duct 16. In this way, the diffuser does not increase the pressure drop of the module while maintaining the function of distributing a sufficient amount of desorption fluid 19 uniformly or substantially uniformly to the adsorption bed 13 during the desorption process. Additionally, perforated plates and / or other fluid management devices can be positioned above the inlet and / or outlet surfaces of the adsorption bed.

[0018] In some embodiments, the desorption fluid source is located outside the module, as shown in Figure 1. The desorption fluid source can be configured to communicate fluidly with the outlet duct via piping controlled by one or more valves. By being located outside the module, the desorption fluid source does not obstruct the outlet surface of the adsorption bed and / or the outlet duct. Therefore, the fluid source for CO2 desorption does not contribute to unfavorable fluid stream characteristics that could increase pressure drop and / or other undesirable effects within the module. Similarly, piping for recovering the concentrated CO2 fluid stream can be located outside the inlet duct, thereby preventing the recovery piping from contributing to fluid stream characteristics that could increase pressure drop and / or other undesirable effects. The piping for recovering the concentrated CO2 fluid stream can be fixed to one or more walls of the module and can communicate with the inlet duct via one or more valves. Piping for supplying desorption fluid to the outlet duct may also be fixed to one or more walls of the module and can communicate with the outlet duct via one or more valves.

[0019] Adsorption beds for removing CO2 from a fluid stream may have any configuration, structure, properties, and / or arrangement suitable for the technical objective of carbon capture as described herein. Chemical species for CO2 adsorption may be organic or inorganic compounds. In some embodiments, the chemical species comprises one or more organic compounds containing amine functional groups for CO2 adsorption. For example, the chemical species may comprise one or more polymer species containing amine functional groups. In some embodiments, the polymer species comprises polyalkylene imines (including polyethyleneimines, polypropyleneimines, or combinations thereof). Polymer species containing amine functional groups for CO2 adsorption may be linear, branched, or superbranched (dendrimers). Polymer species containing amine functional groups for CO2 adsorption may include homopolymers, copolymers, and graft copolymers. Organic compounds containing amine functional groups for CO2 adsorption may also comprise small (non-polymer) molecules. As an alternative to organic compounds containing amine functional groups, the monolithic structure gas treatment body described herein may comprise one or more alkali metal-based functionalities for CO2 adsorption. In some embodiments, the functionality of alkali metal systems includes alkali metal oxides that can be used for CO2 adsorption.

[0020] In some embodiments, the adsorption bed comprises a monolithic gas treatment body including, but not limited to, honeycomb bodies, plates, and / or fibrous structures. The chemical species for CO2 adsorption are related to the monolithic support. In some embodiments, for example, the adsorption bed is formed from a monolithic gas treatment body described in the Patent Cooperation Treaty application PCT / US2022 / 051242, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Alternatively, the adsorption bed may comprise a packed bed structure. The configuration and structure of the adsorption bed may be selected according to various considerations, including the properties or source of the fluid stream to be treated for CO2 removal. In some embodiments, the fluid stream is ambient air, and the module is designed for direct air capture (DAC) applications. In other embodiments, the fluid stream is exhaust gas or process gas from a point source such as a power plant, chemical processing plant, cement manufacturing plant, or other industrial facility. In such embodiments, the module is designed for point source capture (PSC) applications. The fluid stream may contain CO2 at any desired level. For PSC applications, the CO2 content of the fluid stream may be diluted with ambient air or other diluent gases before processing with the modules described herein.

[0021] In some embodiments, the adsorption bed exhibits a pleated arrangement of adsorbent bodies, such as that described in U.S. Patent No. 1,0226737, which is incorporated entirely herein by reference. In some embodiments, the adsorption bed may exhibit a parallel bed arrangement of adsorbents.

[0022] II. Reactor for CO2 collection In another embodiment, a reactor is provided for capturing CO2 from a fluid stream, the reactor comprising a plurality of modules. In some embodiments, the reactor comprises a first module and a second module, each of which comprises a fluid stream inlet having an inlet duct and an inlet valve for reversibly sealing the inlet duct, a floor for adsorbing CO2 from the fluid stream, and a fluid stream outlet having an outlet duct and an outlet valve for reversibly sealing the outlet duct. The fluid stream inlet ducts of the first and second modules are in fluid communication with a common piping for recovering the concentrated CO2 fluid stream supplied by the first and second modules, and the outlet ducts of the first and second modules are in fluid communication with a common source of desorption fluid operable to desorb the CO2 captured by the floor. As described herein, the reactor may comprise one or more additional modules, one or more of which have the structure of the first and second modules. The reactor modules described herein may have any configuration, structure, and / or characteristics described in Section I above.

[0023] III. Methods for capturing CO2 from fluid streams In another embodiment, a method for removing CO2 from a fluid stream is provided. In some embodiments, the method for removing CO2 from a fluid stream includes providing a reactor comprising a first module and a second module, each having a fluid stream inlet with an inlet duct and an inlet valve for reversibly sealing the inlet duct, a bed for adsorbing CO2 from the fluid stream, and a fluid stream outlet with an outlet duct and an outlet valve for reversibly sealing the outlet duct. The fluid stream is fed into the fluid stream inlet ducts of the first module and the second module to come into contact with the adsorption beds of the first module and the second module, removing CO2 from the fluid stream. The CO2-deficient fluid stream is then passed through the outlet ducts of the first module and the second module. After a desired time, the inlet ducts and outlet ducts of the first module and the second module are sealed by the inlet valve and the outlet valve, respectively. The desorption fluid is sent to the outlet ducts of the first and second modules to desorb CO2 captured by the floor and generate a concentrated CO2 fluid stream. The concentrated CO2 fluid stream is sent to piping for recovering the concentrated CO2 fluid stream from the first and second modules via the inlet ducts of the first and second modules. As described herein, the fluid sent to the outlet ducts of the first and second modules to desorb CO2 captured by the floor and generate a concentrated CO2 fluid stream may include steam. The steam may have any desired temperature and moisture content suitable for the technical purposes described herein.

[0024] In some embodiments, a purge process is performed before closing the inlet valve and the outlet valve for the start of the CO2 desorption process. In the purge process, the inlet duct remains open, and the outlet duct is closed. The duct to the piping for recovering the concentrated CO2 fluid stream from the first module and the second module is also closed. The purge fluid is sent to the outlet ducts of the first module and the second module to reflux the untreated fluid stream containing CO2 through the inlet duct and discharge it from the first module and the second module. The untreated fluid stream containing CO2 can be sent to one or more additional modules operating in the adsorption mode as described below. The purge process can be carried out for a period sufficient to remove all or substantially all of the untreated fluid stream from the first module and the second module. In some embodiments, the purge fluid is the same as the fluid employed in the desorption process described herein. For example, in some embodiments, steam is used as the purge fluid.

[0025] In one embodiment, the reactor further comprises at least one additional module, the at least one additional module comprising a fluid stream inlet including an inlet duct and an inlet valve for sealing the inlet duct, a floor for adsorbing CO2 from the fluid stream, and a fluid stream outlet including an outlet duct and an outlet valve for sealing the outlet duct, wherein the fluid stream is sent to the inlet duct of the at least one additional module, comes into contact with the floor of the at least one additional module, and removes CO2 from the fluid stream, while the CO2 captured by the floors of the first and second modules is desorbed to produce a concentrated CO2 fluid stream. In some embodiments, the at least one additional module operates in the same adsorption or desorption mode as the first and second modules. Alternatively, the at least one additional module operates in the opposite mode to the first and second modules. The at least one additional module can operate in CO2 adsorption mode when the first and second modules are operating in CO2 desorption mode, or vice versa. In some embodiments, at least one additional module comprises multiple additional modules. In such embodiments, the reactor modules alternate between CO2 adsorption and CO2 desorption modes to maintain efficient recovery of the concentrated CO2 fluid stream and to avoid overloading the concentrated CO2 fluid stream recovery device. Furthermore, the start and stop times of the CO2 capture cycles of the modules can also be staggered. For example, one module may be in the middle of a desorption mode when another module is just entering or exiting a desorption mode.

[0026] In some embodiments, following the CO2 desorption from the module, a cooling process or cycle may be implemented. During the cooling cycle, the inlet duct remains open and the outlet duct is closed. The duct to the piping for recovering the concentrated CO2 fluid stream from the module is also closed. The cooling fluid is sent to the outlet duct of the module and passed through the adsorption bed. The cooling fluid exits the module through the open inlet duct. In some embodiments, the cooling fluid is an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon. Alternatively, the cooling fluid may be deficient in oxygen or other oxidizing species. The cooling fluid can be, for example, a CO2-deficient fluid stream after being treated by the adsorption bed. In such embodiments, the CO2-deficient stream can be recycled through the system to function as the cooling fluid. The cooling cycle can be implemented for a period sufficient to cool the adsorption bed to the desired temperature.

[0027] Figure 1 shows the operation of the module at various stages including CO2 adsorption, CO2 desorption, and adsorption bed cooling. In block A of Figure 1, the module 10 functions to remove CO2 from the fluid stream 15. The valve 11A of the inlet duct 11 is in the open position and the fluid stream 15 enters the inlet duct 11. The fluid stream is directed to the inlet face 14 of the adsorption bed 13 and passes through the adsorption bed 13 to remove CO2 from the fluid stream 15. The fluid stream 15 is sent into the outlet duct 16 from the adsorption bed 13 in a state with a lower or no CO2 content. The valve 16A of the outlet duct 16 is in the open position allowing the CO2-deficient fluid stream 15 to exit the module 10. The module 10 can operate in the adsorption stage for any period suitable for the technical purposes described herein.

[0028] In block B of Figure 1, the module functions to desorb the collected CO2 from the adsorption bed to provide a concentrated CO2 fluid stream for recovery. In desorption mode, the inlet valve 11A and outlet valve 16A are in the closed position. The outlet duct 16 is in fluid communication with a source 18 for a desorption fluid 19, such as steam. The steam source 18 is located outside the module 10 and is connected to the outlet duct 16 via piping with one or more valves 18A. The steam 19 flows into the outlet duct 16 and is sent to the outlet surface 20 of the adsorption bed 13. In some embodiments, a diffuser 21 is used in or adjacent to the outlet duct 16 to distribute the steam 19 over the entire outlet surface 20 of the adsorption bed. The steam 19 desorbs CO2 from the adsorption bed 13, generating a concentrated CO2 fluid stream 22. The concentrated CO2 fluid stream 22 enters the inlet duct 11 from the adsorption bed inlet surface 14. The closed inlet valve 11A facilitates the flow of the concentrated CO2 fluid stream 22 into the piping 23 for recovery and / or further processing. The piping 23 is located outside module 10 and is in fluid communication with the inlet duct 11 via one or more valves 23A. During the adsorption process of block A, valves 23A and 18A are closed.

[0029] In some embodiments, any fluid stream 15 is purged from the outlet duct before the detachment process begins. In such embodiments, the outlet valve 16A remains open while steam 19 or other fluid is flowing into the outlet duct 16. The steam 19 and any fluid stream 15 in the outlet duct 16 are swept out of the module 10 through the outlet valve 16A. Once purging is complete, the outlet valve 16A closes and detachment begins. The inlet duct can also be purged before the detachment process begins. Alternatively, during the purging process, the outlet duct 16 is closed through valve 16A and the inlet duct 11 remains open. Steam 19 is supplied from the steam source 18 through valve 18A into the outlet duct 16. The steam 19 pushes any remaining fluid stream 15 in the outlet 16 and inlet 11 ducts out of the module through the open inlet duct 11. In this way, the outlet 16 and inlet 11 ducts can be purged simultaneously.

[0030] Block C shows the cooling and / or drying of the adsorption bed according to several embodiments. During cooling, a cooling fluid 24 flows into the outlet duct 16. In some embodiments, the cooling fluid 24 can be supplied to the adsorption bed 13 using the same piping as for the desorption fluid. The cooling fluid flows through the adsorption bed 13 into the inlet duct 11. The inlet valve 11A is in the open position to allow the cooling fluid to exit the module 10. As shown in Blocks A-C, the adsorption bed 13 and the valves of the inlet 11A and outlet 16A remain in a fixed or stationary position during adsorption, desorption, and cooling / drying. The fixed positions of these components greatly simplify the CO2 capture process by reducing or eliminating the numerous moving parts present in conventional CO2 capture systems.

[0031] As described herein, the reactor may comprise multiple modules, each operating independently or in coordination with other modules in adsorption, desorption, or cooling modes, as shown in Figure 1 above.

[0032] In some embodiments, the module design can be modified to swap the location of the steam supply source 18 with the location of the piping 23 for recovering the concentrated CO2 fluid stream. In such embodiments, adsorption occurs in the manner described for block A in Figure 1. However, in the case of desorption, a desorption fluid 19, such as steam, enters the module through an inlet duct, and the concentrated CO2 fluid stream is collected through an outlet duct 16. Essentially, the desorption and cooling processes are carried out in reverse of those described in Figure 1.

[0033] Various embodiments of the present invention are described to achieve various objectives of the present invention. It should be recognized that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily see numerous modifications and adaptations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Carbon dioxide (CO2) from a fluid stream ２ A module for collecting ) A fluid stream inlet having an inlet duct and an inlet valve for reversibly sealing the inlet duct, From the aforementioned fluid stream, the CO ２ A floor for adsorbing and A fluid stream outlet having an outlet duct and an outlet valve for reversibly sealing the outlet duct, Equipped with, The aforementioned fluid stream inlet duct contains concentrated CO ２ The piping for fluid stream recovery is in fluid communication with the outlet duct, and the CO collected by the floor ２ A module having fluid communication with a source of detachable fluid that can be operated to detach a module, and / or a source of cooling fluid that can be operated to lower the temperature of the floor.

2. The module according to claim 1, wherein the inlet valve and the outlet valve have fixed positions.

3. The module according to claim 1, wherein the inlet duct comprises one or more baffles for directing the fluid stream to the floor.

4. The module according to claim 1, wherein the inlet to the inlet duct is non-parallel to the floor inlet surface.

5. The module according to claim 4, wherein the entrance is perpendicular to the floor entrance surface.

6. The module according to claim 1, wherein the inlet duct traverses the entire floor.

7. The module according to claim 1, wherein the piping is fixed to one or more walls of the module.

8. The module according to claim 1, wherein the outlet duct is in fluid communication with a supply source for the detachable fluid and / or a supply source for the cooling fluid via supply piping fixed to one or more walls of the module.

9. The module according to claim 8, wherein the source of the detachable fluid is steam.

10. The module according to claim 1, further comprising a diffuser downstream of the floor.

11. The module according to claim 10, wherein the diffuser distributes the detachable fluid over the entire floor.

12. The module according to claim 10, wherein the diffuser is positioned in the outlet duct such that only a portion of the fluid stream passing through the floor also passes through the diffuser.

13. The module according to claim 1, wherein the inlet to the outlet duct is non-parallel to the floor outlet surface.

14. The module according to claim 13, wherein the entrance is perpendicular to the floor exit surface.

15. Carbon dioxide (CO2) from a fluid stream ２ A reactor for collecting ) The system comprises a first module and a second module, each of which has a fluid stream inlet having an inlet duct and an inlet valve for reversibly sealing the inlet duct, and a CO2 intake from the fluid stream. ２ The first module and the second module have a floor for adsorbing CO2, and a fluid stream outlet having an outlet duct and an outlet valve for reversibly sealing the outlet duct, wherein the fluid stream inlet ducts of the first module and the second module are supplied by the first module and the second module. ２ The fluid is in fluid communication with a common piping for the recovery of the fluid stream, and the outlet ducts of the first and second modules are connected to the floor to collect CO2. ２ A reactor, which is in fluid communication with a common source of a detachable fluid that can be operated to detach a bed, and / or a common source of a cooling fluid that can be operated to lower the temperature of the bed.

16. The reactor according to claim 15, wherein the outlet ducts of the first module and the second module are in fluid communication with a supply source for the detachable fluid and / or a supply source for the cooling fluid via a common supply pipe fixed to one or more walls of the module.

17. The reactor according to claim 15, wherein the inlet duct and the outlet duct of the first module and the second module are simultaneously sealed by the inlet valve and the outlet valve.

18. The reactor according to claim 17, wherein the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the first module and the second module have fixed positions.

19. A method for removing carbon dioxide (CO ２ ) from a fluid stream, comprising: To provide a reactor comprising a first module and a second module, each of which comprises a fluid stream inlet having an inlet duct and an inlet valve for reversibly sealing the inlet duct, and a CO2 intake from the fluid stream. ２ To provide a fluid stream outlet comprising a floor for adsorption, an outlet duct, and an outlet valve for reversibly sealing the outlet duct, The fluid stream is sent into the fluid stream inlet ducts of the first module and the second module, and brought into contact with the floors of the first module and the second module, allowing CO2 to escape from the fluid stream. ２ To remove, CO ２ The missing stream is passed through the outlet ducts of the first module and the second module, The inlet duct and outlet duct of the first module and the second module are sealed by the inlet valve and the outlet valve, The detachable fluid is sent into the outlet ducts of the first and second modules, and CO is collected by the floor. ２ Detach and reattach, concentrate CO ２ Generating a fluid stream, The aforementioned concentrated CO2 ２ The fluid stream is passed through the inlet ducts of the first and second modules, and the concentrated CO2 is passed from the first and second modules. ２ Sending the fluid stream into a pipe for collection, A method that includes this.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the fluid is simultaneously delivered into the outlet ducts of the first module and the second module.

21. The aforementioned concentrated CO2 ２ The method according to claim 19, wherein the fluid stream is simultaneously delivered from the first module and the second module into the piping for recovery.

22. The reactor further comprises at least one additional module, the at least one additional module having a fluid stream inlet having an inlet duct and an inlet valve for sealing the inlet duct, and CO2 from the fluid stream ２ It has a floor for adsorbing, and a fluid stream outlet having an outlet duct and an outlet valve for sealing the outlet duct, The fluid stream is sent into the inlet duct of the at least one additional module, into contact with the floor of the at least one additional module, and CO2 is released from the fluid stream. ２ Removes the CO2 collected by the floors of the first and second modules. ２ The concentrated CO is then desorbed. ２ The method according to claim 19, for generating a fluid stream.

23. The method according to claim 19, wherein the fluid stream is ambient air, an exhaust gas stream, or a process gas stream.

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