Energy storage valve submodule and its operation method, energy storage valve device, energy storage system

Abstract

This application relates to an energy storage valve submodule and its operation method, an energy storage valve device, and an energy storage system, wherein in the energy storage valve submodule, a bus power module is further connected to the battery bus connected to the battery module and capacitor, the bus power module is further connected to a control module, and the load power module can extract energy from at least one of the capacitor, battery bus and battery module, and ultimately provides power to the control module via the bus power module and the load power module.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and more particularly to energy storage valve submodules and their operation methods, energy storage valve devices, and energy storage systems.

[0002] (Cross-reference of related applications) This application incorporates the contents of Chinese patent applications No. 202310770526.7, filed on June 27, 2023, titled "Energy Storage Valve Device and Method of Operation Thereof, Energy Storage System," and No. 202310771411.X, filed on June 27, 2023, titled "Energy Storage Valve Submodule and Method of Operation Thereof, Energy Storage Valve Device, Energy Storage System," and all contents of both applications are incorporated into this application by means of such incorporation. [Background technology]

[0003] Energy storage provides applications such as frequency modulation and peak adjustment at each stage of the power system, including generation, transmission, distribution, and power supply. It plays a role in stabilizing the frequency of the power grid, mitigating grid blocking, and improving the flexibility of power generation and power supply. Cascade energy storage systems, designed in a modular fashion, offer advantages such as high capacity utilization, high conversion efficiency, fast dynamic response, low harmonic content, and stable system operation. They are currently a hot topic in research and hold great potential for broad applications.

[0004] The core component of a cascade-type energy storage system is the energy storage valve submodule, which integrates the power module and the battery module. Ensuring the stable and safe operation of the energy storage valve submodule is of crucial importance for the high reliability of the energy storage system and, consequently, the power system. However, the control module within the energy storage valve submodule is prone to power failure, which can cause the energy storage system to shut down. [Overview of the project]

[0005] Based on this, in order to mitigate the problem that the control module in the energy storage valve submodule is prone to power down and causes the energy storage system to shut down, it is necessary to provide an energy storage valve submodule and its operating method, an energy storage valve device, and an energy storage system.

[0006] This application provides an energy storage valve submodule, which includes a power module, a battery module, a battery bus, a capacitor, a bus power module, a load power module, and a control module, wherein the capacitor is connected in parallel to the power module and both ends of the capacitor are connected to the battery module via the battery bus, the bus power module is connected to the battery bus, the bus power module and / or the load power module are connected to the control module, the control module is further connected to the battery module and the power module respectively, and the load power module extracts energy from at least one of the capacitor, the battery bus and the battery module.

[0007] According to the above plan, in the energy storage valve submodule, a busbar power module is further connected to the battery busbar connected to the battery module and capacitor, the busbar power module is further connected to the control module, and the load power module can extract energy from at least one of the capacitor, battery busbar, and battery module, ultimately providing power to the control module via the busbar power module and the load power module. With this plan, if a power supply failure occurs in the load power module, the control module can switch to supplying power via the busbar power module, or if a power supply failure occurs in the busbar power module, it can switch to supplying power via the load power module, that is, redundant power supply for the control module is achieved, thereby mitigating the problem that the control module of the energy storage valve submodule may power down and cause the energy storage system to shut down.

[0008] In some embodiments, the capacitor includes a DC link capacitor.

[0009] According to the above plan, a DC link capacitor is used to construct an energy storage valve submodule, enabling the function of the energy storage valve submodule and improving its high voltage and high current resistance capabilities.

[0010] In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes a main bus, which is connected to a bus power module, and the number of load power modules includes two or more, where at least one load power module draws energy from at least one of a capacitor, a battery bus, and a battery module, and at least one load power module draws energy from the main bus.

[0011] According to the above plan, a main bus is further constructed and installed between the busbar power module and the control module, and the load power module draws energy from the main busbar. This method enables the busbar power module to supply power to the control module, effectively improving the power supply safety and reliability of the control module.

[0012] In some embodiments, the control module includes a power control module, the load power supply module includes a power load power supply module, the power load power supply module and the power module are each connected to the power control module, and at least one power load power supply module is connected to a capacitor, and at least one power load power supply module is connected to the main bus.

[0013] According to the above plan, a power control module for performing operational control on a power module is connected to two or more power load power supply modules. These power load power supply modules extract energy from capacitors and main busbars, enabling redundant power supply to the power control module and improving the operational reliability of the power control module.

[0014] In some embodiments, the control module further includes a battery control module, and the load power module further includes a battery load power module, the battery load power module being connected to the battery control module and at least one battery load power module being connected to a battery bus, at least one battery load power module being connected to a main bus, or all of the battery load power modules being connected to a main bus.

[0015] According to the above plan, a battery control module that receives operational status information from different battery modules and issues control commands to the battery modules is connected to two or more battery load power supply modules, thereby achieving redundant power supply to the battery control module and improving the operational reliability of the battery control module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the control module further includes an electrical cabinet control module, and the load power module further includes an electrical cabinet load power module, with one electrical cabinet control module and two or more electrical cabinet load power modules installed corresponding to each battery module, each electrical cabinet control module being connected to a battery module and a battery control module, each electrical cabinet load power module installed corresponding to each battery module being connected to the corresponding electrical cabinet control module, and at least one electrical cabinet load power module being connected to a battery module, and at least one electrical cabinet load power module being connected to a main bus.

[0017] According to the above plan, the electrical cabinet control module, which performs operational control for the battery module, is connected to two or more electrical cabinet load power supply modules. The electrical cabinet load power supply modules draw energy from the battery module and the main bus, realizing redundant power supply to the electrical cabinet control module and improving the operational reliability of the electrical cabinet control module.

[0018] In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes a black start switch, the first end of which is connected to a battery control module, and the second end of which is connected to one of the electrical cabinet load power modules connected to the battery module.

[0019] According to the above plan, a black start switch is installed between the battery control module and the electrical cabinet load power supply module. After the energy storage valve submodule stops operating due to a malfunction or other reason, energy is drawn from the battery module to complete the black start operation, thereby improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0020] In some embodiments, the battery module includes a battery, a precharge resistor, a precharge switch device, a first charge switch device, and a second charge switch device, wherein the first end of the battery is connected to the first end of the precharge resistor and the first end of the first charge switch device, the second end of the precharge resistor is connected to the first end of the precharge switch device, the second end of the precharge switch device is connected to the second end of the first charge switch device and the battery bus, the second end of the battery is connected to the first end of the second charge switch device, and the second end of the second charge switch device is connected to the battery bus.

[0021] According to the above solution, a pre-charge circuit and a charging circuit are installed in the battery module. In the process of high-voltage startup, first, pre-charging is realized by a pre-charge resistor, a pre-charge switch device, and a second charging switch device. Then, high-voltage startup is performed by the first charging switch device and the second charging switch device, improving the safety of high-voltage power supply.

[0022] In some embodiments, the load power module and the bus power module that draw power from the battery bus have a low-power consumption operation mode and / or are connected to the battery bus via a normally-closed switch device.

[0023] According to the above solution, a low-power consumption operation mode is configured for the load power module and the bus power module that draw power from the battery bus, or a normally-closed switch device is installed between them and the battery bus. After the energy storage valve sub-module is bypassed, the load power module and the bus power module that draw power from the battery bus enter the low-power consumption operation mode or cut off the normally-closed switch device, alleviating the problem that the sticking of the first charging switch device and the second charging switch device poses a safety concern to the battery module.

[0024] In some embodiments, the energy storage valve sub-module further includes an isolation switch. Both ends of the capacitor are connected to the battery bus via the isolation switch respectively, and the main bus and the control module are connected to the isolation switch respectively.

[0025] According to the above solution, the battery bus is connected to the capacitor via the isolation switch, thereby realizing electrical isolation between the battery bus and the power module according to the actual operation requirements, and improving the operation safety of the energy storage valve sub-module.

[0026] In some embodiments, the bus power module includes a first bus power module and a second bus power module. The first bus power module is respectively connected to the battery bus and the main bus, and the second bus power module is respectively connected to the battery bus and the isolation switch.

[0027] According to the above solution, the bus power module includes a first bus power module and a second bus power module, so that the isolation switch can extract energy from the main bus and the battery bus, realizing redundant power supply for the isolation switch and improving the driving reliability of the isolation switch.

[0028] In some embodiments, the bus power module includes a switch device, an energy storage device, and a DC converter. The battery bus is connected to the energy storage device through the switch device, the energy storage device is connected to the DC converter, and the DC converter is connected to the battery bus and the main bus.

[0029] According to the above solution, at the moment when the isolation switch is turned on, the power module accesses the battery bus and discharges rapidly, causing the voltage on the input side of the bus power module to drop suddenly. A switch device is installed between the bus power module and the battery bus, which reduces the impact of the instantaneous impact current on the bus power module by the switch device and improves the safety of the bus power module.

[0030] In some embodiments, the control module includes a power control board card (substrate card), the bus power module includes a redundant power module, the load power module includes a main power module, the redundant power module is connected to the battery module through the battery bus, the main power module is connected to a capacitor, and the redundant power module, the main power module and the power module are respectively connected to the power control board card.

[0031] According to the above plan, the busbar power module includes a redundant power module, and the load power module includes a main power module. The redundant power module is connected to the battery module via a battery busbar and extracts energy from the battery module, while the main power module is connected to a capacitor and extracts energy from the capacitor. In this way, the power control board card can extract energy from the capacitor and the battery module, realizing redundant power supply operation and reducing the possibility of power failure of the power control board card in the energy storage valve submodule. This mitigates the phenomenon of the energy storage system or power system shutting down due to power failure of the power control board card.

[0032] In some embodiments, the redundant power supply module is connected to the battery module in the same energy storage valve submodule as the power module.

[0033] According to the above plan, the redundant power supply module draws energy from the battery module of the same energy storage valve submodule as the power module, meaning that redundant power supply to the power control board card is realized by this energy storage valve submodule controlled by the power control board card, simplifying the power extraction method and effectively reducing the complexity of the circuit layout.

[0034] In some embodiments, the redundant power supply module is connected to the battery module in an energy storage valve submodule other than the one to which the power module belongs.

[0035] According to the above plan, the redundant power supply module draws energy from the battery module of an energy storage valve submodule other than the one in which the power module is located. After the energy storage valve submodule in which the power module is located is bypassed, the battery module of that energy storage valve submodule does not need to be continuously discharged, thereby improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0036] In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes a voltage equalizer, which is connected in parallel with the capacitor, and both ends of the voltage equalizer are connected to the battery busbars, respectively.

[0037] According to the above plan, a voltage equalizing resistor is connected in parallel to both ends of the capacitor. During operation of the power module, the voltage equalizing action of the voltage equalizing resistor improves the reliability of the operation. After the power module is bypassed, the voltage equalizing resistor can further discharge into the capacitor, improving the discharge efficiency.

[0038] In some embodiments, the power control board card includes a main control board card, a bypass switch drive board, and a power switch drive board, wherein the main control board card is connected to the bypass switch drive board and the power switch drive board, respectively, and the bypass switch drive board and the power switch drive board are connected to the power module, respectively, and the main power module and the redundant power module are connected to the main control board card, respectively, and the main power module and the redundant power module are connected to the bypass switch drive board, respectively, and the main power module and the redundant power module are connected to the power switch drive board, respectively.

[0039] According to the above plan, the power control board card includes a main control board card, a bypass switch drive board, and a power switch drive board. The bypass switch drive board and the power switch drive board each provide different drive functions, effectively improving the control reliability of the power control board card.

[0040] This application further provides an operating method based on the above-mentioned energy storage valve submodule, wherein the number of battery modules includes two or more, and the operating method includes controlling one of the battery modules to conduct a connection to the battery bus in order to charge the bus power module via the battery bus when the starting conditions are met, and conducting a connection between the remaining battery modules and the battery bus when the bus power module has completed establishing a connection with the main bus.

[0041] According to the above plan, when the energy storage valve submodule meets the activation conditions, one of the battery modules first starts charging the input side (i.e., the capacitor) of the busbar power module. After the busbar power module establishes the main busbar through charging, the other battery modules are closed and charging continues. This reduces the shock circuit of the busbar power module and protects it, while also lowering the difficulty of selecting related devices in the busbar power module.

[0042] In some embodiments, the power module is controlled to take energy from the main bus and perform a switching operation when the bus power module has completed establishing a connection with the main bus, and the power module is further controlled to take energy from the capacitor and perform a switching operation when the capacitor voltage is greater than a preset power start voltage.

[0043] According to the above plan, once the main bus is established, the power control module can extract energy from the main bus via the corresponding power load power supply module, enabling switching control of the power module. Switching operation of the power module does not need to wait for the capacitor to be charged above a preset power supply startup voltage, effectively improving the response speed of the power module. When the capacitor is charged above a preset power supply startup voltage, the power control module can further extract energy from the capacitor, achieving redundant power supply and improving the operational reliability of the control module.

[0044] In some embodiments, the operation method further includes switching to drawing energy from another load power module with a different energy extraction method if a power supply failure occurs in the load power module currently being powered.

[0045] According to the above plan, if a power supply failure occurs in the currently powered board card, the system will switch to drawing energy from a different load power supply module with a different energy extraction method, thereby reducing the risk of control module power down and further improving the operational reliability of the control module.

[0046] In some embodiments, the operating method further includes controlling the switching on of an isolation switch installed between the battery bus and the capacitor when the starting voltage of the bus power module is lower than the capacitor voltage and the capacitor voltage is lower than the battery bus voltage.

[0047] According to the above plan, when the starting voltage of the busbar power module is lower than the capacitor voltage and the capacitor voltage is lower than the battery bus voltage, the isolation switch is controlled to reduce the risk that instantaneous shock currents may affect the safe operation of the busbar power module.

[0048] In some embodiments, the operation method further includes, in the event of a failure in any one of the battery modules, disconnecting the failed battery module, switching to drawing energy from a load power module connected to the main busbar, and monitoring the battery status information of the failed battery module.

[0049] According to the above plan, if any one of the battery modules fails, that battery module is disconnected, and the system switches to drawing energy from the load power module connected to the main busbar. This allows for monitoring of the battery module's condition when it fails, thereby improving the safety of the battery modules.

[0050] In some embodiments, the operation method further includes, when the startup conditions are met, taking energy from a redundant power supply module to control the operation of the power module, and taking energy from the redundant power supply module and the main power supply module to control the operation of the power module when the capacitor voltage of the capacitor is greater than a preset main power supply startup voltage.

[0051] According to the above plan, when the startup conditions are met, the power control board card can extract energy from the redundant power supply module, control the operation of the power module, and achieve fully controlled charging of the energy storage valve submodule without having to wait for the capacitor to charge, thereby improving the startup speed of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0052] In some embodiments, the operation method further includes taking energy from a redundant power supply module and monitoring the operation status of the power module when the power module enters a bypass operation state.

[0053] According to the above plan, after the power module is bypassed, it can be further powered via a redundant power supply module, allowing for monitoring of the power module's operating status, supporting constant charging of the power control board card, and further improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0054] In some embodiments, a voltage equalizer is further connected in parallel between the capacitor and the battery module, and the operation method further includes obtaining the maximum allowable discharge resistance value when the discharge time length required for the capacitor to discharge until it reaches a preset safety voltage threshold is less than a preset lock time length, and determining the resistance parameter of the voltage equalizer based on the maximum discharge resistance value.

[0055] According to the above plan, by determining the resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor in conjunction with the maximum discharge resistance value required when the discharge time length required for the capacitor to discharge until it reaches a preset safety voltage threshold is less than a preset lock time length, the equalizing resistor is better suited to the energy storage valve submodule, further improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0056] In some embodiments, the discharge time length includes the sum of a first discharge time length and a second discharge time length, where the first discharge time length includes the time during which the main power module and the equalizing resistor discharge together when the capacitor discharges from a preset rated operating voltage to a preset shut-off voltage threshold, and the second discharge time length includes the time during which the equalizing resistor discharges alone when the capacitor discharges from a preset shut-off voltage threshold to a preset safety voltage threshold.

[0057] According to the above method, the accuracy of the final determined resistance parameter is improved by obtaining an accurate discharge time by linking the first discharge time, in which the main power module and the equalizing resistor discharge together, with the second discharge time, in which the equalizing resistor discharges alone.

[0058] This application further provides an energy storage valve device including at least one of the above-mentioned energy storage valve submodules.

[0059] In some examples, the load power module of an energy storage valve submodule further draws energy from at least one of the DC bus and battery modules of an adjacent energy storage valve submodule.

[0060] According to the above plan, multiple energy storage valve submodules are installed in the energy storage valve device. The load power module of the current energy storage valve submodule can further draw energy from the DC bus or battery module of an adjacent energy storage valve submodule. This means that even if the current energy storage valve submodule fails and stops operation, energy can still be drawn from an adjacent energy storage valve submodule to supply power to the control module, further improving the power supply reliability of the control module.

[0061] In some embodiments, the load power module of an energy storage valve submodule further draws energy from the main bus of an adjacent energy storage valve submodule.

[0062] According to the above plan, a main bus is further established for the adjacent energy storage valve submodule, and the load power module of the current energy storage valve submodule can further draw energy from the main bus of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule, further improving the power supply reliability of the control module.

[0063] This application further provides an energy storage system including the energy storage valve device described above. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0064] To more clearly illustrate the technical concept of the embodiments of this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings that may be used in the embodiments of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below represent only a few embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without expending any creative effort. In the drawings, [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some embodiments of this application. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of this application. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some embodiments of this application. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some further embodiments of this application. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of this application. [Figure 6] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some embodiments of this application. [Figure 7] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some further embodiments of this application. [Figure 8] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some embodiments of this application. [Figure 9] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a busbar power module in some embodiments of this application. [Figure 10] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of this application. [Figure 11] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some embodiments of this application. [Figure 12] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some further embodiments of this application. [Figure 13]This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit structure of an energy storage valve submodule in one embodiment of this application. [Figure 14] This is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of an energy storage valve submodule in some embodiments of this application. [Figure 15] This is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of the energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of this application. [Figure 16] This is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of the energy storage valve submodule in several embodiments of this application. [Figure 17] This is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of the energy storage valve submodule in some further embodiments of this application. [Figure 18] This is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of the energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of this application. [Figure 19] This is a flowchart illustrating the operation method of the energy storage valve submodule in several embodiments of this application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0065] The following describes in detail embodiments of the technical proposal of this application, accompanied by drawings. The following embodiments are provided solely to clarify the technical proposal of this application and are merely examples; they do not limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0066] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art relating to the present application. The terms used herein are solely for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The terms “including” and “having” and any variations thereof in the description of the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are intentionally intended to cover the non-exclusive “including.”

[0067] In the descriptions of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used solely to distinguish different subjects and should not be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance, or the number, specific order, or hierarchical relationship of the technical features shown. In the descriptions of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited, "multiple" means two or more.

[0068] The “Examples” as used herein mean that certain features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with the Examples may be included in at least one Example of this Application. The appearance of this phrase at each location in the Specification does not necessarily refer to the same Example, nor does it mean that each Example is mutually exclusive or alternative to the others. Those skilled in the art will understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the Examples described herein can be combined with other Examples.

[0069] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" merely describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent three cases: A alone, a combination of A and B, or B alone. In this specification, the letter " / " generally indicates that the preceding and succeeding related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more sets (including two sets), and "multiple sheets" refers to two or more sheets (including two sheets).

[0071] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by technical terms such as "center," "vertical direction," "horizontal direction," "length," "width," "thickness," "top," "bottom," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial direction," "radial direction," and "circumferential direction" are orientations or positional relationships shown based on the drawings and are solely for the purpose of describing and simplifying the embodiments of this application. They do not indicate or imply that the mentioned devices or elements have a specific orientation or must be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0072] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly defined or limited, technical terms such as "attachment," "connection," "bonding," and "fixing" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, integral connections, mechanical connections, electrical connections, direct connections, indirect connections via an intermediate medium, internal communication between two elements, or interaction relationships between two elements. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meaning of these terms in the embodiments of this application depending on the specific circumstances.

[0073] Currently, in light of market trends, high-voltage direct-connection energy storage (HVOS) systems, with their highly modular structure, can meet the demands for high efficiency, high reliability, economy, and safety, and are gradually developing and being applied. In HVOS direct-connection energy storage systems, the core component is the energy storage valve submodule, each containing an integrated power section and energy storage section. Multiple energy storage valve submodules are connected to each other to form an energy storage system. Typically, energy storage valve submodules are arranged in a cascade configuration to form a cascade-type energy storage system. Therefore, the reliable operation of the energy storage valve submodules directly impacts the operation of the energy storage system, and improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodules is of particular importance.

[0074] However, power downs frequently occur during the operation of energy storage valve submodules, and a power down in any one of these submodules can directly affect the stable operation of the energy storage system, potentially leading to the shutdown of the entire system. Research shows that power downs in energy storage valve submodules are often caused by power downs in the control module, and mitigating the phenomenon of control module power downs is an effective way to improve the operational reliability of the energy storage system.

[0075] Based on the above considerations, in order to mitigate the phenomenon of control module power down, two or more power supply modules may be installed for the control module, and redundant power may be supplied to the control module by two or more power supply modules. If a power supply failure occurs in the currently supplying power supply module, the power supply to the control module will be switched to another power supply module that is not failing, thereby reducing the possibility of control module power down.

[0076] Furthermore, considering that the energy storage valve submodule has only one energy extraction location (generally energy is extracted via the battery bus), if all installed power supply modules extract energy from the same location, a failure at the energy extraction location could prevent any of the power supply modules from supplying power to the control module. In the proposed technology of this application, a load power supply module, a bus power supply module, and a main bus are installed in the energy storage valve submodule, electrical energy is obtained via the bus power supply module, and an additional main bus is established in addition to the battery bus, adding an energy extraction site for the load power supply module. Each load power supply module can extract energy from at least one of the battery bus, capacitor, battery module, and main bus, thereby enriching the energy extraction locations, and the bus power supply module and at least one load power supply module supply power to the control module, further reducing the possibility of control module power down and improving the power supply reliability of the control module.

[0077] If the above plan is adopted, during the operation of the energy storage valve submodule, one of the load power modules may first extract energy from at least one of the battery bus, capacitor, battery module, and main bus and supply power to the control module. If a power supply failure occurs in the load power module currently supplying power, the control module switches to supplying power via another load power module. Specifically, the load power module after the switch may have the same energy extraction location as the load power module that failed, or it may have a different energy extraction location, as long as no power supply failure has occurred.

[0078] Furthermore, the above solution may also involve a single load power supply module drawing energy from at least one of the battery bus, capacitor, battery module, and main bus to supply power to the control module. If a power supply failure occurs in the load power supply module, the control module can switch to supplying power via the bus power supply module, or if a power supply failure occurs in the bus power supply module, it can switch to supplying power via the load power supply module, thus achieving redundant power supply for the control module.

[0079] This power supply switching method effectively reduces the possibility of control module power down, and thus improves the operational reliability of the energy storage system by reducing the possibility of power down in the energy storage valve submodule.

[0080] The energy storage valve submodule of this application is used in an energy storage system, specifically, in an electrochemical energy storage system, i.e., an energy storage system that completes energy storage, release, and management by a battery. Furthermore, the type of electrochemical energy storage system is not unique, but any electrochemical energy storage system that needs to be constructed using the energy storage valve submodule is acceptable. For example, in one more detailed embodiment, the electrochemical energy storage system includes a high-voltage direct-connect energy storage system. To facilitate understanding of the technical proposal of this application, it may be understood that in all of the following embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule is used in a high-voltage direct-connect energy storage system.

[0081] Referring to Figure 1, the present application provides an energy storage valve submodule, which includes a power module 101, a battery module 102, a battery bus 103, a capacitor C, a bus power module 104, a load power module 106, and a control module 107, wherein the capacitor C is connected in parallel to the power module 101, and both ends of the capacitor C are connected to the battery module 102 via the battery bus 103, the bus power module 104 is connected to the battery bus 103, the load power module 106 extracts energy from at least one of the battery bus 103, the capacitor C, and the battery module 102 (not shown), and the control module 107 is connected to the bus power module 104 and the load power module 106, respectively, and the control module 107 is further connected to the battery module 102 and the power module 101, respectively (not shown).

[0082] Specifically, the power module 101 is a device connected to an external load to realize power conversion control. The battery module 102 is a device used to store electrical energy and can be charged and discharged via the battery bus 103 under the control of the control module 107. The battery bus 103 is a common electrical path connected between the battery module 102 and the power module 101, which outputs electrical energy from the battery module 102 or inputs electrical energy to the battery module 102. The bus power module 104 is a power supply device that extracts energy from the battery bus 103, stores and converts it, and provides power.

[0083] The load power module 106 is a power supply device that can extract and store energy from the energy extraction site of the energy storage valve submodule and convert it into the appropriate electrical energy required for load operation. The specific type of load is not unique and may be any load that requires electrical energy in the energy storage valve submodule, and more specifically, the load may be the control module 107. The form of the load power module 106 is also not unique and may be a board card power supply or other type of power supply, and is not specifically limited.

[0084] The control module 107 is an integrated device that implements related control devices for realizing the energy storage valve submodule, and is used to implement operational control of the power module 101 and / or the battery module 102. Similarly, the specific form of the control module 107 is not unique and may be a board card type control device, etc., and is not specifically limited. Correspondingly, the connection method in the energy storage valve submodule also differs depending on the form of the control module 107. If the control module 107 is a device for controlling the operation of the power module 101, then the control module 107 needs to be connected to the power module 101. In another embodiment, if the control module 107 is a device for controlling the operation of the battery module 102, then the control module 107 needs to be connected to the battery module 102.

[0085] More specifically, in one embodiment, the control module 107 simultaneously provides operational control functions for both the power module 101 and the battery module 102, and accordingly, the power module 101 and the battery module 102 need to be connected to the control module 107, respectively.

[0086] According to this embodiment, the power supply module for supplying power to the control module 107 includes a bus power supply module 104 and a load power supply module 106. The bus power supply module 104 extracts energy from the battery bus 103, and the load power supply module 106 extracts energy from at least one of the capacitor C, the battery bus 103, and the battery module 102. The bus power supply module 104 and the load power supply module 106 are used to achieve redundant power supply to the control module 107.

[0087] According to the above plan, in the energy storage valve submodule, a bus power module 104 is further connected to the battery bus 103, which is connected to the battery module 102 and capacitor C. The bus power module 104 is further connected to the control module 107, and the load power module 106 can extract energy from at least one of capacitor C, battery bus 103, and battery module 102, ultimately supplying power to the control module 107 via the bus power module 104 and the load power module 106. With this plan, if a power supply failure occurs in the load power module 106, the control module 107 can switch to supplying power via the bus power module 104, or if a power supply failure occurs in the bus power module 104, it can switch to supplying power via the load power module 106. In other words, redundant power supply for the control module 107 is realized, mitigating the problem that the control module 107 of the energy storage valve submodule will power down and cause the energy storage system to shut down.

[0088] In an energy storage valve submodule, capacitor C primarily provides functions such as voltage support, energy storage, and current balancing during the operation of the energy storage valve submodule. Therefore, in one embodiment, the capacitor includes a DC link capacitor. This allows for the realization of the energy storage valve submodule's functions while also improving its high-voltage and high-current resistance capabilities.

[0089] To facilitate understanding, in other embodiments, other types of DC capacitors, such as film capacitors, may be installed as capacitor C to suit the energy storage valve submodule, and are not specifically limited. For the sake of easy understanding of the technical invention of this application, capacitor C in the following embodiments may all be understood as DC link capacitors.

[0090] It should be noted that the method by which the bus power module 104 supplies power to the control module 107 is not unique; in one embodiment, the bus power module 104 may be directly connected to the control module 107 for power supply. In another embodiment, referring to Figure 2, the energy storage valve submodule further includes a main bus 105, which is connected to the bus power module 104, and the number of load power modules 106 includes two or more, with at least one load power module 106 drawing energy from at least one of capacitor C (not shown), battery bus 103, and battery module 102, and at least one load power module 106 drawing energy from the main bus 105.

[0091] Specifically, the main bus 105 is a common electrical path that outputs electrical energy from the bus power module 104. According to this embodiment, power supply to the control module 107 by the bus power module 104 is realized by the main bus 105 and the load power module 106.

[0092] When the energy storage valve submodule meets the activation conditions, the control module 107 first controls one of the battery modules 102 to make a connection with the battery bus 103. At this time, the electrical energy from battery module 102 is transmitted to the battery bus 103, and the bus power module 104 acquires electrical energy from the battery bus 103, converts it to electrical energy of an appropriate magnitude, and transmits it to the main bus 105, completing the establishment of the main bus 105. After the establishment of the main bus 105 is complete, the control module 107 controls the remaining battery modules 102 to make a connection with the battery bus 103, and quickly charges capacitor C.

[0093] To make it clear, the specific type of main bus 105 is not unique; it may be a DC bus or an AC bus, and the magnitude of the voltage of the main bus 105 is not specifically limited but may be set according to the actual demand. For example, in one more detailed embodiment, considering that each control module 107 in the energy storage valve submodule is DC powered, the main bus 105 is a DC bus, and the magnitude of the voltage output by the main bus 105 is 220V (volts), that is, the main bus 105 is specifically a 220V DC main bus.

[0094] It should be noted that in one embodiment, the busbar power module 104, main busbar 105, load power module 106, and control module 107 of the energy storage valve submodule are integrated and installed within the same cabinet as the battery module 102, forming an electrical cabinet. In another embodiment, one or more of the busbar power module 104, main busbar 105, load power module 106, and control module 107 may be installed relatively independently of the battery module 102, and may be installed according to the actual circuit layout, without being specifically limited.

[0095] To make it clear, the number of load power modules 106 is not unique; one, two, or more may be installed, as long as redundant power supply to the control module 107 can be achieved. Each installed load power module 106 may draw energy from the same location, or they may each draw energy from the main bus 105, or from different locations; this is not specifically limited.

[0096] In one more detailed embodiment, there are two load power modules 106 installed, one of which draws energy from the battery bus 103, with both ends of this load power module 106 connected to the battery bus 103 and the control module 107, respectively, and the other load power module 106 draws energy from the main bus 105, with both ends of this load power module 106 connected to the main bus 105 and the control module 107, respectively.

[0097] To make it easier to understand, in one more detailed embodiment, the battery bus 103 includes a positive-end battery bus (corresponding to the positive electrode) and a negative-end battery bus (corresponding to the negative electrode). And / or, the main bus 105 includes a positive-end main bus (corresponding to the positive electrode) and a negative-end main bus (corresponding to the negative electrode). Both ends of the positive-end and negative-end battery buses are connected to the battery module 102 and the power module 101, respectively, and both the positive-end and negative-end battery buses are connected to the bus power module 104, and both the positive-end and negative-end main buses are connected to the bus power module 104. When the load power module 106 draws energy from the battery bus 103 or the main bus 105, it is necessary to connect to the positive and negative ends of the corresponding buses simultaneously.

[0098] According to the above plan, a main bus 105 is further constructed and installed between the bus power module 104 and the control module 107, and the load power module 106 extracts energy from the main bus 105. This method enables the bus power module 104 to supply power to the control module 107, effectively improving the power supply safety and reliability of the control module 107.

[0099] In the above embodiment, multiple load power modules 106 are installed, and the bus power module 104 is indirectly connected to the control module via the main bus 105 to provide power. In another embodiment, one load power module 106 may be installed in the same energy storage valve submodule, the bus power module 104 is directly connected to the control module 107, and the load power module 106 is simultaneously connected to at least one of the capacitor C, battery bus 103, battery module 102, and main bus 105 to extract energy and, in cooperation with the bus power module 104, provides redundant power to the control module 107.

[0100] The load power module 106 may be installed as one unit, and the bus power module 104 adjusts the voltage of the main bus 105 to match the voltage required by the control module 107, and the main bus 105 is directly connected to the control module 107. At this time, the load power module 106 is simultaneously connected to at least one of the capacitor C, battery bus 103, and battery module 102 to extract energy and, in cooperation with the main bus 105, provides redundant power to the control module 107.

[0101] Referring to Figure 3, in some embodiments, the control module 107 includes a power control module 201, the load power supply module 106 includes a power load power supply module 202, the power load power supply module 202 and the power module 101 are each connected to the power control module 201, and at least one power load power supply module 202 is connected to capacitor C, and at least one power load power supply module 202 is connected to the main bus 105.

[0102] Specifically, the power control module 201 is a control module 107 for controlling the operation of the power module 101. The power load power supply module 202 is a device for supplying power to the power control module 201. According to the embodiment, the number of power load power supply modules 202 is set to be redundant, and two or more power load power supply modules 202 are used to supply power to the power control module 201. Furthermore, the energy extraction locations of the power load power supply modules 202 are made redundant, and at least one power load power supply module 202 is connected to capacitor C and supplies energy to the power control module 201 by extracting energy from capacitor C. At least one power load power supply module 202 is connected to the main bus 105 and supplies energy to the power control module 201 by extracting energy from the main bus 105.

[0103] Figure 3 shows an example where there are two power load power supply modules 202. Accordingly, one of the power load power supply modules 202 is connected to capacitor C, and the other power load power supply module 202 is connected to the main bus 105. If a power supply failure occurs in one of the power load power supply modules 202 while the power control module 201 is being powered (this may be a failure of the power load power supply module 202, or a failure at another location in the power supply circuit where this power load power supply module 202 is located), the power control module 201 can switch to being powered by the other power load power supply module 202 with a different energy extraction location, thus providing high power supply reliability.

[0104] It should be noted that the control functions implemented by the power control module 201 are not unique, and the control functions differ depending on the actual structure of the power module 101. In one more detailed embodiment, the main functions of the power control module 201 include, but are not limited to, controlling the on / off state of the bypass switch of the power module 101, driving the turn-on / shut-off state of the power switch device of the power module 101, and receiving and transmitting status information of the bypass switch and power switch device to a higher-layer server, etc.

[0105] According to the above plan, the power control module 201, which performs operational control on the power module 101, is connected to two or more power load power supply modules 202. The power load power supply modules 202 extract energy from the capacitor C and the main bus 105, realizing redundant power supply to the power control module 201 and improving the operational reliability of the power control module 201.

[0106] Referring to Figures 4 and 5, in some embodiments, the control module 107 further includes a battery control module 301, and the load power module 106 further includes a battery load power module 302, the battery load power module 302 being connected to the battery control module 301 and at least one battery load power module 302 being connected to the battery bus 103, at least one battery load power module 302 being connected to the main bus 105, or all of the battery load power modules 302 being connected to the main bus 105.

[0107] Specifically, the battery control module 301 is a device that receives battery status information reported from each battery module 102 and issues operation control signals to each battery module 102. The battery load power supply module 302 is a device for supplying power to the battery control module 301.

[0108] In one embodiment, the number of battery load power modules 302 is set to be redundant, and two or more battery load power modules 302 are used to supply power to the battery control module 301. All battery load power modules 302 are connected to the main bus 105 and draw energy from the main bus 105. If a power supply failure occurs in the current battery load power module 302, the system switches to supplying power from another battery load power module 302.

[0109] In another embodiment, in addition to setting a redundant number of battery load power modules 302, the energy extraction locations of the battery load power modules 302 are further made redundant, with at least one battery load power module 302 connected to the battery bus 103 and supplying energy to the battery control module 301 by extracting energy from the battery bus 103. At least one battery load power module 302 is connected to the main bus 105 and supplies energy to the battery control module 301 by extracting energy from the main bus 105.

[0110] Figure 5 shows an example where there are two battery load power modules 302. Accordingly, one of the battery load power modules 302 is connected to the battery bus 103, and the other battery load power module 302 is connected to the main bus 105. If a power supply failure occurs in one of the battery load power modules 302 during power supply to the battery control module 301 (which may be a failure of the battery load power module 302, or a failure at another location in the power supply circuit where this battery load power module 302 is located), the battery control module 301 can switch to supplying power from the other battery load power module 302 with a different energy extraction location, thus providing high power supply reliability.

[0111] According to the above plan, a battery control module 301, which receives operational status information from different battery modules 102 and issues control commands to the battery modules 102, is connected to two or more battery load power supply modules 302, thereby realizing redundant power supply to the battery control module 301 and improving the operational reliability of the battery control module 301.

[0112] Referring to Figure 6, in some embodiments, the control module 107 further includes an electrical cabinet control module 501, and the load power module 106 further includes an electrical cabinet load power module 502. Each battery module 102 is equipped with one electrical cabinet control module 501 and two or more electrical cabinet load power modules 502, each electrical cabinet control module 501 is connected to the battery module 102 and the battery control module 301, each electrical cabinet load power module 502 equipped with a battery module 102 is connected to the corresponding electrical cabinet control module 501, and at least one electrical cabinet load power module 502 is connected to the battery module 102, and at least one electrical cabinet load power module 502 is connected to the main bus 105.

[0113] Specifically, in an energy storage valve submodule, multiple battery modules 102 are often installed, and each battery module 102 includes multiple batteries connected in series and / or in parallel. In order to enable independent control and independent operation of each battery module 102, one electrical cabinet control module 501 and two or more electrical cabinet load power supply modules 502 are installed in the same energy storage valve submodule, corresponding to each battery module 102.

[0114] The electrical cabinet control module 501 is a device that controls the corresponding battery module 102, and the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 is a device that supplies power to the electrical cabinet control module 501. For each battery module 102, the electrical cabinet control module 501 that controls it is connected to the battery control module 301 of the energy storage valve submodule. Battery status information of each battery module 102 is reported to the battery control module 301 via the corresponding electrical cabinet control module 501, and control signals issued by the battery control module 301 are transmitted to the corresponding electrical cabinet control module 501, which then completes the operational control of the corresponding battery module 102 (e.g., starting the charge / discharge function).

[0115] According to this embodiment, the number of electrical cabinet load power supply modules 502 is set to be redundant, and two or more electrical cabinet load power supply modules 502 are used to supply power to one electrical cabinet control module 501. Furthermore, the energy extraction locations of the electrical cabinet load power supply modules 502 are made redundant, with at least one electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 connected to a battery module 102, and supplying energy to the electrical cabinet control module 501 by extracting energy from the battery module 102. At least one electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 is connected to a main bus 105, and supplies energy to the electrical cabinet control module 501 by extracting energy from the main bus 105.

[0116] Taking the example of having two electrical cabinet load power modules 502, accordingly, one of the electrical cabinet load power modules 502 is connected to the battery module 102, and the other electrical cabinet load power module 502 is connected to the main bus 105. If a power supply failure occurs in one of the electrical cabinet load power modules 502 while the electrical cabinet control module 501 is being powered (this may be a failure of the electrical cabinet load power module 502, or a failure at another location in the power supply circuit where this electrical cabinet load power module 502 is located), the electrical cabinet control module 501 can switch to being powered by the other electrical cabinet load power module 502 with a different energy extraction location, thus providing high power supply reliability.

[0117] According to the above plan, the electrical cabinet control module 501, which performs operational control on the battery module 102, is connected to two or more electrical cabinet load power supply modules 502. The electrical cabinet load power supply modules 502 draw energy from the battery module 102 and the main bus 105, thereby achieving redundant power supply to the electrical cabinet control module 501 and improving the operational reliability of the electrical cabinet control module 501.

[0118] It should be noted that the specific structures of the power load module 202, the battery load module 302, and the electrical cabinet load module 502 are not unique, and the structures of each load power module 106 may be identical or not identical, and are not specifically limited. For example, in one more detailed embodiment, each load power module 106 includes at least two parts: an energy storage device and a DC converter, where the energy storage device is used to temporarily store acquired electrical energy, and the DC converter is used to convert the electrical energy to an appropriate voltage for power consumption devices during power supply, thereby ensuring reliable power supply.

[0119] Referring to Figure 7, in some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes a black start switch K0, the first end of which is connected to the battery control module 301, and the second end of which is connected to one of the electrical cabinet load power modules 502, which is connected to the battery module 102.

[0120] Specifically, a black start refers to a process where, after an entire energy storage system has failed and ceased operation, the entire system experiences a complete blackout (without excluding the possibility of an independent small power grid maintaining operation), resulting in a complete "black" state. In this black start, the self-starting capabilities of the energy storage system are activated by other devices, gradually expanding the recovery scope of the system and ultimately achieving full system recovery, without relying on other networks. The black start switch K0 is a switch device for realizing the black start function. During the black start process, triggering the black start switch K0 causes the battery control module 301 to acquire electrical energy from the battery modules 102 of the energy storage system, and further controls each battery module 102 to access the energy storage valve submodules, ultimately causing the energy storage valve submodules to start operation, thus realizing the black start operation of the energy storage system.

[0121] It should be noted that in one more detailed embodiment, in order to simplify the circuit layout and reduce circuit costs, the black start switch K0 draws energy from the nearest battery module 102, i.e., the second end of the black start switch K0 is connected to the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 that is closest to the battery control module 301 among the electrical cabinet load power supply modules 502 connected to the battery module 102.

[0122] According to the above plan, a black start switch K0 is installed between the battery control module 301 and the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502. After the energy storage valve submodule stops operating due to a malfunction or other reason, energy is drawn from the battery module 102 to complete the black start operation, thereby improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0123] Referring to Figure 7, in some embodiments, the battery module 102 includes a battery S, a precharge resistor R1, a precharge switch device K1, a first charge switch device K2, and a second charge switch device K3, wherein the first end of the battery S is connected to the first end of the precharge resistor R1 and the first end of the first charge switch device K2, the second end of the precharge resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the precharge switch device K1, the second end of the precharge switch device K1 is connected to the second end of the first charge switch device K2 and the battery bus 103, the second end of the battery S is connected to the first end of the second charge switch device K3, and the second end of the second charge switch device K3 is connected to the battery bus 103.

[0124] Specifically, the battery module 102 includes a steady-state charge / discharge circuit and a precharge circuit. The first end of the battery S is connected to the battery bus 103 sequentially via a precharge resistor R1 and a precharge switch device K1, which may be connected to the positive or negative terminal of the battery bus 103, i.e., to the positive-end battery bus or the negative-end battery bus. The second end of the battery S is connected to the battery bus 103 via a second charge switch device K3, which may also be to the positive or negative terminal of the battery bus 103, as long as it is different from the connection of the first end of the battery S. The first end of the battery module 102 is further connected to the battery bus 103 via a first charge switch device K2. The precharge resistor R1, precharge switch device K1, battery bus 103, and second charge switch device K3 form a pre-charging circuit, and the first charge switch device K2, battery bus 103, and second charge switch device K3 form a steady-state charging circuit. During operation, the pre-charging circuit is first activated to charge the battery, and then the system is switched to activate the steady-state charging circuit, thereby achieving normal charging and improving operational reliability.

[0125] It should be noted that the above-mentioned pre-charge circuit or steady-state charging circuit may be configured such that the battery S pre-charges or charges the load, or an external load pre-charges or charges the battery S, and is not specifically limited. The battery S in the battery module 102 may be a battery pack formed by connecting multiple cells in series or in parallel, or a battery device formed by connecting multiple battery packs in series or in parallel, or even a single cell, and is not specifically limited; it should be installed according to actual needs.

[0126] According to the above plan, a pre-charge circuit and a charging circuit are installed in the battery module 102. In the process of high-voltage startup, pre-charging is first achieved by the pre-charge resistor R1, the pre-charge switch device K1, and the second charge switch device K3. Subsequently, high-voltage startup is performed by the first charge switch device K2 and the second charge switch device K3, thereby improving the safety of the high-voltage power supply.

[0127] In some embodiments, the load power module 106 and the bus power module 104 that draw power from the battery bus 103 have a low-power operation mode and / or are connected to the battery bus 103 via a normally closed switch device.

[0128] Specifically, in this embodiment, the power module 101 of the energy storage valve submodule is equipped with a bypass function, and after the energy storage valve submodule is bypassed, the control module 107 controls the steady-state charging circuit of the battery module 102 to shut off based on the power outage flow of the energy storage system, that is, to shut off the first charge switch device K2 and the second charge switch device K3, thereby mitigating the phenomenon of over-discharge of the battery S due to the load continuously consuming the energy of the battery S. Specifically, in one embodiment, the electrical cabinet control module 501 may control the first charge switch device K2 and the second charge switch device K3 to shut off after receiving information from the battery control module 301.

[0129] However, research has shown that in the process of actually shutting off the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3, there is a risk of both the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3 becoming stuck, making it impossible to reliably disconnect the battery S, thus raising certain safety concerns.

[0130] The load power module 106, which draws power from the battery bus 103, is a type of load power module in which electrical energy is transmitted via the battery bus 103. In one embodiment, since the capacitor C charges and discharges via the battery bus 103, drawing energy from the power module 101 may be equivalent to drawing power from the battery bus 103. With the installation of this embodiment, after the submodules are bypassed, each load power module 106 and bus power module 104 that draw power from the battery bus 103 enters a low power consumption mode and / or the normally closed switch device is shut off.

[0131] According to the above plan, a low-power operation mode is configured for the load power module 106 and the bus battery module 104 that draw power from the battery bus 103, or a normally closed switch device is installed between them and the battery bus 103, and after the energy storage valve submodule is bypassed, the load power module 106 and the bus battery module 104 that draw power from the battery bus 103 enter a low-power operation mode or shut off the normally closed switch device, mitigating the problem that the sticking of the first charge switch device K2 and the second charge switch device K3 would pose a safety concern to the battery module 102.

[0132] Referring to Figure 7, in some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes an isolation switch 108, with both ends of the capacitor C connected to the battery bus 103 via the isolation switch 108, and the main bus 105 and the control module 107 connected to the isolation switch 108, respectively.

[0133] Specifically, the isolation switch 108 is a switch device for achieving electrical isolation of connected modules. According to this embodiment, after the power module 101 is bypassed, an isolation switch 108 is installed between the capacitor C and the battery module 102 to achieve electrical isolation between the power module 101 and the battery module 102, that is, the battery bus 103 is connected to the capacitor C via the isolation switch 108. In order to control the conduction interruption of the isolation switch 108, the isolation switch 108 is further connected to the control module 107, and in order to supply power to the isolation switch 108, the isolation switch 108 is further connected to the main bus 105.

[0134] More specifically, in one embodiment, the battery busbar 103 includes a positive-end battery busbar and a negative-end battery busbar, and since the positive-end battery busbar and the negative-end battery busbar are each connected to the capacitor C, there may be two isolation switches 108, the positive-end battery busbar is connected to one end of the capacitor C via the first isolation switch 108, and the negative-end battery busbar is connected to the other end of the capacitor C via the second isolation switch 108.

[0135] According to the above plan, the battery bus 103 is connected to the capacitor C via the isolation switch 108, thereby achieving electrical isolation between the battery bus 103 and the power module 101 according to actual operating demands, and improving the operational safety of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0136] Referring to Figure 8, in some embodiments, the bus power module 104 includes a first bus power module 701 and a second bus power module 702, the first bus power module 701 being connected to the battery bus 103 and the main bus 105, respectively, and the second bus power module 702 being connected to the battery bus 103 and the isolation switch 108, respectively.

[0137] Specifically, according to this embodiment, there are two busbar power modules 104. The first busbar power module 701 accesses the area between the battery busbar 103 and the main busbar 105 and is used to construct the main busbar 105. The second busbar power module 702 accesses the area between the battery busbar 103 and the isolation switch 108 and is used to extract energy from the battery busbar 103, convert it, and then supply power to the isolation switch 108. In other words, in this embodiment, redundant power is supplied to the isolation switch 108, and if the main busbar 105 fails, the isolation switch 108 can extract energy from the second busbar power module 702.

[0138] It should be noted that in one embodiment, in order to achieve redundant power supply for the battery control module 301, at least one battery load power module 302 is connected to a second bus power module 702, and at least one battery load power module 302 is connected to the main bus 105. That is, according to the solution of this embodiment, the second bus power module 702 can be used not only for redundant power supply to the isolation switch 108, but also for redundant power supply to the battery control module 301, and the second bus power module 702 converts the electrical energy originating from the battery bus 103 into electrical energy of an appropriate magnitude (e.g., 24V) and supplies power to the isolation switch 108 and the battery control module 301.

[0139] According to the above plan, the bus power module 104 includes a first bus power module 701 and a second bus power module 702, thereby enabling the isolation switch 108 to draw energy from the main bus 105 and the battery bus 103, achieving redundant power supply for the isolation switch 108 and improving the driving reliability of the isolation switch 108.

[0140] Referring to Figure 9, in some embodiments, the bus power module 104 includes a switch device D1, an energy storage device C1, and a DC converter 801, where the battery bus 103 is connected to the energy storage device C1 via the switch device D1, the energy storage device C1 is connected to the DC converter 801, and the DC converter 801 is connected to the battery bus 103 and the main bus 105 (not shown).

[0141] Specifically, as shown in Figure 9, C is a capacitor, and the moment the isolation switch 108 is turned on, capacitor C accesses the battery bus 103, and the energy storage device C1 on the input side of the bus power module 104 rapidly discharges. This causes a sharp drop in the input voltage of the bus power module 104, preventing the bus power module 104 from operating normally. According to this embodiment, the structure of the bus power module 104 differs from the structure of other load power modules 106. The DC converter is connected to the battery bus 103 (specifically the negative battery bus) and also to the main bus 105, supplying electrical energy to the main bus 105. A switch device D1 is installed on the input side of the busbar power module 104. That is, the energy storage device C1 of the busbar power module 104 is connected to the battery busbar 103 (specifically the positive-end battery busbar) via the switch device D1, and the moment the isolation switch 108 is turned on, it prevents discharge from the busbar power module 104 to the battery busbar 103.

[0142] To make it clear, the specific type of switch device D1 is not unique, but any device capable of restricting the direction of electrical energy flow, allowing discharge from the battery bus 103 to the bus power module 104, and preventing discharge from the bus power module 104 to the battery bus 103. For example, in one more detailed embodiment, the switch device D1 includes a diode, the anode of which is connected to the battery bus 103, and the cathode of which is connected to an energy storage device C1.

[0143] It should be noted that the specific type of energy storage device C1 is not unique; any device capable of storing electrical energy is acceptable. For example, in one more detailed embodiment, the energy storage device C1 includes a capacitor.

[0144] Furthermore, in one more detailed embodiment, when controlling the closing of the isolation switch 108, it is necessary to satisfy the conditions that the starting voltage of the busbar power module 104 is lower than the voltage of capacitor C, and that the voltage of capacitor C is lower than the voltage of the battery busbar 103. This approach ensures that the voltage of capacitor C is lower than the voltage of the battery busbar 103 when the switch is turned on, reducing the impact of instantaneous shock currents on the internal devices of the busbar power module 104 and effectively improving the safety performance of the busbar power module 104.

[0145] According to the above plan, the moment the isolation switch 108 is turned on, capacitor C accesses the battery bus 103 and rapidly discharges, causing a sharp drop in the input voltage of the bus power module. By installing the switch device D1 between the bus power module 104 and the battery bus 103, the impact of instantaneous shock current on the bus power module 104 is reduced, thereby improving the safety of the bus power module 104.

[0146] Referring to Figure 7 or Figure 8, in some embodiments, the power module 101 includes a power unit 601 and a bypass switch P1, the first AC terminal of the power unit 601 being used to connect to the first terminal of the bypass switch P1 and the power unit of the upper energy storage valve submodule, the second AC terminal of the power unit 601 being used to connect to the second terminal of the bypass switch P1 and the power unit of the lower energy storage valve submodule, the first DC terminal and the second DC terminal of the power unit 601 being connected to capacitor C, respectively, and the control terminal of the power unit 601 being connected to a control module 107 (not shown).

[0147] Specifically, the specific structure of the power module 101 is not unique. In this embodiment, the power module 101 includes a power unit 601 and a bypass switch P1. A capacitor C is used to store electrical energy and to enable charging and discharging under the control of the control module 107. The power unit 601 is used for power conversion, and the bypass switch P1 is used to bypass the power unit 601 when there is a bypass need.

[0148] Furthermore, the power unit 601 may be a full-bridge structure or a half-bridge structure. In one more detailed embodiment, referring to Figure 7 or 8, a half-bridge structure will be used as an example. The power unit 601 includes a first power switch T1 and a second power switch T2. The first terminal of the first power switch T1 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C and the battery bus 103. The second terminal of the first power switch T1 is connected to the first terminal of bypass switch P1 and the first terminal of the second power switch T2. The second terminal of the second power switch T2 is connected to the second terminal of bypass switch P1 and the second terminal of capacitor C. The third terminal of the first power switch T1 and the third terminal of the second power switch T2 are each connected to the power control module 201.

[0149] According to the above plan, a bypass switch P1 is installed between the power unit 601 and the external circuit, and by realizing bypass operation control of the power module 101, the demand for bypass operation of the power module 101 is met, and the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule is improved.

[0150] Furthermore, research indicates that power down in the control module 107 of the energy storage valve submodule is often caused by a power down in the power control board card. Therefore, mitigating the power down phenomenon of the power control board card is an effective means of improving the operational reliability of the energy storage system.

[0151] Based on the above considerations, referring to Figure 10, in some embodiments, the control module 107 includes a power control board card 1071, the bus power module 104 includes a redundant power module 1041, the load power module 106 includes a main power module 1061, the redundant power module 1041 is connected to a battery module 102 via a battery bus (not shown), the main power module 1061 is connected to a capacitor C, and the redundant power module 1041, the main power module 1061 and the power module 101 are each connected to the power control board card 1071.

[0152] Specifically, the main power module 1061 is a device that stores and converts the electrical energy of capacitor C and transmits it to the power control board card to supply power. The redundant power module 1041 is a device that stores and converts the electrical energy of battery module 102 and transmits it to the power control board card 1071 to supply power.

[0153] An energy storage valve device includes multiple energy storage valve submodules. Taking a cascade-type energy storage valve system as an example, the multiple energy storage valve submodules are connected in a cascade manner. Specifically, the power modules 101 of the energy storage valve submodules are connected in a cascade manner to construct and form an energy storage valve device. Therefore, in the same energy storage valve device, the number of power modules 101, power control board cards 1071, main power supply modules 1061, redundant power supply modules 1041, and battery modules 102 are not unique. One energy storage valve submodule can be constructed and formed by connecting one power module 101, one power control board card 1071, one main power supply module 1061, one redundant power supply module 1041, and one battery module 102. Multiple energy storage valve submodules can be further constructed and formed by cascading energy storage valve devices.

[0154] In the same energy storage valve submodule, the power control board card 1071 is used to control the operation of the power module 101, the main power supply module 1061 can extract energy from capacitor C, store and convert it, and then supply power to the power control board card 1071, and the redundant power supply module 1041 can extract energy from battery module 102, specifically, energy from any one of the battery modules 102 in the energy storage valve device, store and convert it, and then supply power to the power control board card 1071.

[0155] According to this embodiment, when the energy storage valve submodule meets the activation conditions, the power control board card 1071 first extracts energy from the redundant power supply module 1041, outputs the corresponding control signal to the power module 101, and controls the operation of the power module 101. In this process, the battery module 102 continuously charges the capacitor C, and when the capacitor voltage of capacitor C becomes greater than the preset main power supply activation voltage, it supplies power to the power control board card 1071 via the main power supply module 1061 and the redundant power supply module 1041, thereby realizing control of the power module 101.

[0156] Specifically, when the capacitor voltage of capacitor C is greater than the preset main power start voltage, the power control board card 1071 switches to drawing energy from the main power module 1061, and completes the power supply using the electrical energy stored in capacitor C. If a power supply failure occurs in the main power module 1061 or the capacitor voltage drops below the preset main power start voltage, the power control board card 1071 switches to drawing energy from the redundant power module 1041, and when the operation of the main power module 1061 is restored, it switches back to drawing energy from the main power module 1061, thereby achieving power supply.

[0157] The specific structures of the main power module 1061 and the redundant power module 1041 are not unique, and their structures may be the same or different, and should be selected according to the specific needs of the actual requirements. For example, in one more detailed embodiment, the structures of the main power module 1061 and the redundant power module 1041 are identical, and both include two parts: an electrical energy storage unit and a DC conversion unit. The electrical energy storage unit is connected to the power module 101 or to the battery module 102, the electrical energy storage unit is connected to the DC conversion unit, and the DC conversion unit is connected to the power control board card 1071. More specifically, the electrical energy storage unit may be a battery or a capacitor, and is not specifically limited to these.

[0158] It should be noted that the number of main power modules 1061 and redundant power modules 1041 is not unique. In one embodiment, one main power module 1061 and one redundant power module 1041 may be installed, and power may be supplied to the power control board card 1071 using an energy extraction location redundancy method. In another embodiment, two or more main power modules 1061 may be installed, and in the case of energy extraction location redundancy, power may be supplied to the power control board card 1071 using a module number redundancy method. And / or, in another embodiment, two or more redundant power modules 1041 may be installed, and in the case of energy extraction location redundancy, power may be supplied to the power control board card 1071 using a module number redundancy method.

[0159] According to the above plan, the busbar power module 104 includes a redundant power module 1041, and the load power module 106 includes a main power module 1061. The redundant power module 1041 is connected to the battery module 102 via the battery busbar 103 and extracts energy from the battery module 102, while the main power module 1061 is connected to the capacitor C and extracts energy from the capacitor C. In this way, the power control board card 1071 can extract energy from the capacitor C and the battery module 102, realizing redundant power supply operation and reducing the possibility of power down of the power control board card 1071 of the energy storage valve submodule, thereby mitigating the phenomenon in which the energy storage system or power system shuts down due to power down of the power control board card 1071.

[0160] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 10, the redundant power supply module 1041 is connected to the battery module 102 in the same energy storage valve submodule as the power module 101.

[0161] Specifically, the energy storage valve device includes two or more energy storage valve submodules, each of which includes a power module 101, a capacitor C, a power control board card 1071, and a battery module 102. According to the embodiment, in the energy storage valve device, the energy extraction of the power control board card 1071 of the same energy storage valve submodule is realized within that energy storage valve submodule. Specifically, within the same energy storage valve submodule, the main power supply module 1061 extracts energy from the capacitor C, and the redundant power supply module 1041 extracts energy from the battery module 102, thereby realizing redundant power supply operation of the power control board card 1071. With this method, the wiring of the power supply circuit of the same energy storage valve submodule is realized within the energy storage valve submodule, the power supply circuit does not need to be connected across energy storage valve submodules, the wiring method is simple, and the possibility of problems such as insulation and interference is low.

[0162] According to the above plan, the redundant power supply module 1041 draws energy from the battery module 102 of the same energy storage valve submodule as the power module 101, meaning that redundant power supply to the power control board card 1071 is realized by this energy storage valve submodule controlled by the power control board card 1071, simplifying the power extraction method and effectively reducing the complexity of the circuit layout.

[0163] Referring to Figure 11, in some embodiments, the redundant power supply module 1041 is connected to the battery module 102 in the energy storage valve submodule 111 other than the energy storage valve submodule 111 to which the power module 101 belongs.

[0164] Specifically, the energy storage valve device includes two or more energy storage valve submodules 111, each of which includes a power module 101, a capacitor C, a power control board card 1071, and a battery module 102. During operation of the energy storage valve device, the switching of each energy storage valve submodule 111 is often controlled according to the actual operating demand, and the power module 101 of the energy storage valve submodule 111 may operate in bypass mode. When an energy storage valve submodule 111 enters a bypass operation state, the connection between the battery module 102 and the power module 101 is disconnected, for example by shutting off an isolation switch, so that the battery module 102 can no longer exchange energy with the power module 101, the capacitor C rapidly discharges, and the main power module 1061 stops operating.

[0165] To enable real-time monitoring of the power module 101, the power control board card 1071 needs to be constantly charged and operating, and at this time it switches to drawing energy from the redundant power supply module 1041. Since the battery module 102 cannot exchange energy with the power grid, the amount of electrical energy stored in the battery module 102 is limited. To increase the sustainability of the power control board card 1071, according to the solution of this embodiment, the redundant power supply module 1041 accesses the battery module 102 of other energy storage valve submodules 111 other than the energy storage valve submodule 111 to which it belongs, and uses the other battery module 102 to supply power.

[0166] To make it clearer, when the redundant power module 1041 accesses the battery module 102 of another energy storage valve submodule 111 other than the one to which it belongs, the specific access location is not unique. In one more detailed embodiment, in order to reduce the wiring of the power supply circuit as much as possible and alleviate the complexity of the circuit, the redundant power module 1041 may be connected to the battery module 102 of an energy storage valve submodule 111 adjacent to the one to which it belongs, and draw energy from the battery module 102 of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule 111.

[0167] According to the above solution, the redundant power supply module 1041 draws energy from the battery module 102 of the other energy storage valve submodule 111, other than the energy storage valve submodule 111 where the power module 101 is located. After the energy storage valve submodule 111 where the power module 101 is located is bypassed, the battery module 102 of the energy storage valve submodule 111 where the power module 101 is located does not need to be continuously discharged, thereby improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0168] Referring to Figure 12, in some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes a pressure equalization resistor R, which is connected in parallel to a capacitor C, and the battery module 102 is connected to the pressure equalization resistor R.

[0169] Specifically, the equalizing resistor R is a resistor that achieves a voltage equalization function by utilizing the resistive voltage division principle. According to the design of this embodiment, for each energy storage valve submodule in the energy storage valve device, an equalizing resistor R is installed in parallel between the capacitor C and the battery module 102, and the voltage equalization effect of the equalizing resistor R improves the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0170] The selection of the resistance parameter for the voltage equalization resistor R is not unique. In one embodiment, the maximum allowable discharge resistance value is obtained when the discharge time length required for the capacitor C to discharge until it reaches a preset safety voltage threshold is less than a preset lock time length, and the resistance parameter for the voltage equalization resistor R is determined based on this maximum discharge resistance value.

[0171] The preset safety voltage threshold is the preset voltage threshold at which capacitor C discharges without affecting the safe operation of the energy storage valve submodule. Its magnitude is not unique, and in one more detailed embodiment, it may be set to 20V. The preset lock time length refers to the preset maximum allowable time from the trigger of a lock by the energy storage valve submodule to the completion of the lock.

[0172] In the overall operation process of the energy storage valve submodule according to this application, the power module 101 can all be operated under the control of the power control board card 1071, and in order to achieve fully controlled charging of the energy storage valve, the selection of the resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R mainly takes two constraints into consideration. First, after the operation of the energy storage valve submodule is stopped, the equalizing resistor R becomes a discharge resistor, and the discharge of capacitor C must be completed before the operation stop time reaches a preset lock time, i.e., the discharge of capacitor C must reach a preset safety voltage threshold. Second, in the application scenario of the energy storage system, in order to reduce the power consumption of the energy storage valve submodule and the load on the water cooling system, the largest possible resistance value should be selected for the equalizing resistor R.

[0173] Considering the above factors together, the solution in this embodiment first calculates the conditions that the resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R must satisfy when the required discharge time is less than a preset lock time, where the required discharge time is the time required for the capacitor C to discharge until it reaches a preset safety voltage threshold. Then, when the equalizing resistor R satisfies the above conditions, the maximum discharge resistance value is selected, thereby determining the resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R.

[0174] More specifically, determining the resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R based on the maximum discharge resistance value includes setting the resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R to the maximum discharge resistance value. In another embodiment, the maximum discharge resistance value may be adjusted appropriately before being used as the resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R, thereby mitigating measurement and calculation errors and further improving the accuracy of the resistance parameter.

[0175] Referring to Figure 13, in some embodiments, after the energy storage valve device is shut down, the energy storage valve submodule is locked, the lock time is determined by the discharge time of capacitor C, and after the connection between the battery module 102 and the power module 101 is interrupted, the voltage of capacitor C begins to drop and the discharge process includes two stages: first, the main power module 1061 is activated (which may be equivalent to r in the figure) and discharges together with the equalizing resistor R; second, the main power module 1061 is shut off and the equalizing resistor R discharges independently.

[0176] Therefore, the discharge time length includes a first discharge time length in which both the main power module 1061 and the equalizing resistor R discharge when the capacitor C discharges from a preset rated operating voltage and reaches a preset shut-off voltage threshold, and a second discharge time length in which the equalizing resistor R discharges alone when the capacitor C discharges from a preset shut-off voltage threshold and reaches a preset safety voltage threshold.

[0177] The preset rated operating voltage is the preset rated operating voltage when the energy storage valve sub-module operates normally. The preset shutdown voltage threshold refers to the voltage threshold at which the main power module 1061 shuts off power supply.

[0178] At this time, T1 + T2 = T, where T represents the discharge time length, T1 represents the first discharge time length, and T2 represents the second discharge time length. When selecting, T1 + T2 = T < T off needs to be satisfied, and T off represents the preset lock time length. Based on the analysis of the circuit principle, here TIFF2026513812000002.tif12129, μ represents the efficiency of the main power module 1061, R represents the resistance value of the voltage equalizing resistor R, C represents the capacitance value of the capacitor C, Uc represents the voltage of the capacitor C, P represents the power of the power control board card 1071 of the energy storage valve sub-module, and U N represents the preset rated operating voltage, and U off represents the preset shutdown voltage threshold, and U o represents the preset safety voltage threshold. T1 + T2 < T off By solving under the constraint condition of T1 + T2 < T, R < R1 can be obtained. Furthermore, considering the influence of the power consumption of the voltage equalizing resistor R and the load of the water cooling system, the larger the resistance, the smaller the power consumption. Therefore, R1 may finally be selected as the heating resistance value parameter of the voltage equalizing resistor R.

[0179] According to the above solution, a voltage equalizing resistor R is connected in parallel across both ends of the capacitor C. During the operation of the power module 101, due to the voltage equalizing effect of the voltage equalizing resistor R, the operation reliability is improved. After the power module 101 is bypassed, the voltage equalizing resistor R can further discharge the capacitor C, improving the discharge efficiency.

[0180] Referring to Figure 12, in some embodiments, the power control board card 1071 includes a main control board card 131, a bypass switch drive board 132, and a power switch drive board 133. The main control board card 131 is connected to the bypass switch drive board 132 and the power switch drive board 133, respectively. The bypass switch drive board 132 and the power switch drive board 133 are connected to a power module 101 (not shown), respectively. The main power supply module 1061 and the redundant power supply module 1041 are connected to the main control board card 131, respectively (connection relationships are not shown). The main power supply module 1061 and the redundant power supply module 1041 are connected to the bypass switch drive board 132, respectively (connection relationships are not shown). The main power supply module 1061 and the redundant power supply module 1041 are connected to the power switch drive board 133, respectively (connection relationships are not shown).

[0181] Specifically, the main control board card 131, i.e., the power module controller (Sub-module controller, SMC) board card, is used to receive status information of the bypass switch P1 of the power module 101 and the power switch device of the power unit 601, and to upload this information to the upper layer processor. It is also used to control the operation of the bypass switch drive board 132 and the power switch drive board 133 based on signals transmitted from the upper layer processor.

[0182] The bypass switch drive board 132 is used to drive the conduction and shut-off of the bypass switch P1. Therefore, the bypass switch drive board 132 is connected to the control terminal of the bypass switch P1 of the power module 101, and when there is a need for bypass, it outputs the appropriate control signal to control the conduction of the bypass switch P1. The power switch drive board 133 is used to drive the power unit 601 of the power module 101, and when there is a need for power conversion, it only needs to output the appropriate control signal to control the conduction interruption of the power switch device in the power unit 601.

[0183] According to this embodiment, the main control board card 131, the bypass switch drive board 132, and the power switch drive board 133 are all connected to the main power supply module 1061 and the redundant power supply module 1041, respectively, and each board card is independently redundantly powered, resulting in high power supply reliability.

[0184] According to the above plan, the power control board card 1071 includes a main control board card 131, a bypass switch drive board 132, and a power switch drive board 133. The bypass switch drive board 132 and the power switch drive board 133 each provide different drive functions, effectively improving the control reliability of the power control board card 1071.

[0185] To facilitate understanding of the technical proposal presented in this application, the application will be interpreted and explained below in conjunction with more detailed embodiments.

[0186] In this embodiment, the energy storage valve submodule includes a power module 101, a battery module 102, a battery bus 103, a bus power module 104, a main bus 105, a load power module 106, a control module 107, a black start switch K0, and an isolation switch 108. Here, the control module 107 specifically includes a power control module 201, a battery control module 301, and an electrical cabinet control module 501, and the load power module 106 specifically includes an electrical cabinet load power module 502, a battery load power module 302, and a power load power module 202. Corresponding to each battery module 102, one electrical cabinet control module 501 and two electrical cabinet load power modules 502 are installed, one of which is connected to the battery module 102, and the other is connected to the main bus 105.

[0187] The energy storage valve submodule is equipped with at least one battery module 102, and there are two battery load power modules 302 and two power load power modules 202. One of the battery load power modules 302 is connected to the battery bus 103, and the other battery load power module 302 is connected to the main bus 105. One of the power load power modules 202 is connected to the power module 101, and the other power load power module 202 is connected to the main bus 105.

[0188] Furthermore, the battery module 102 includes a battery, a pre-charge resistor R1, a first charge switch device K2, and a second charge switch device K3, while the power module 101 includes a bypass switch P1 and a power unit 601. The first end of the battery S is connected to the pre-charge resistor R1 and the first charge switch device K2, respectively. The pre-charge resistor R1 is further connected to the battery bus 103 via the pre-charge switch device K1, and the first charge switch device K2 is connected to the battery bus 103. The second end of the battery S is connected to the battery bus 103 via the second charge switch device K3.

[0189] Therefore, while the energy storage valve submodule is in operation, the battery control module 301 first sends a control signal to one of the battery modules 102, thereby closing the pre-charge switch and the second charge switch of this battery module 102, and the battery in this battery module 102 charges the capacitor C via the battery bus 103. At the same time, the bus power module 104 acquires electrical energy via the battery bus 103 and transmits the electrical energy to the main bus 105, thereby completing the establishment of the main bus 105.

[0190] After successfully establishing the main bus 105, the battery control module 301 transmits a control signal to the other electrical cabinet control module 501, causing the other battery modules 102 to access the battery bus 103 and begin operation. After the preliminary startup is complete, it switches to control the conduction of the first charge switch device K2 and the second charge switch device K3 to achieve normal charging and discharging operation.

[0191] After successfully establishing the main bus 105, the power load power supply module 202 connected to the main bus 105 acquires electrical energy from the main bus 105 and supplies power to the power control module 201. The power control module 201 then begins executing the switching operation of the power module 101, that is, it controls the operation of the power module 101. This process does not require waiting for the voltage of capacitor C to rise. As the voltage of capacitor C rises, when the voltage of capacitor C becomes greater than the preset power start voltage (more specifically, in one embodiment, the preset power start voltage is the start voltage of the power load power supply module 202 connected to the power module 101), the two power load power supply modules 202 provide redundant power to the power control module 201. If a power supply failure occurs in one of them, they can immediately switch to the other and supply power, improving the reliability of power supply to critical loads of the power module 101. After the voltage output of the energy storage valve submodule stabilizes, the electrical cabinet control module 501 controls the first charge switch device K2 and the second charge switch device K3 of the corresponding battery module 102 to shut off, and the startup of the energy storage valve submodule is completed.

[0192] Subsequently, if one of the battery load power modules 302 fails, the system switches to supplying power to the battery control module 301 using another battery load power module 302 with a different energy extraction location. If one of the electrical cabinet load power modules 502 fails, the system switches to supplying power to the electrical cabinet control module 501 using another electrical cabinet load power module 502 with a different energy extraction location.

[0193] If a failure occurs in one of the battery modules 102 within the same energy storage valve submodule, the battery control module 301 sends a control signal to the electrical cabinet control module 501 corresponding to this battery module 102, thereby controlling the first charge switch device K2 and the second charge switch device K3 of this battery module 102 to shut off, and disconnecting this battery module 102. Since the battery module 102 is disconnected and the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 connected to the battery module 102 can no longer extract energy, at this time the electrical cabinet control module 501 of the battery module 102 draws power from the electrical cabinet board card power supply connected to the main bus 105, monitors the battery module 102, and obtains battery status information for the battery module 102. This solution allows for the operation of N-1 battery modules 102 when one or more battery modules 102 fail, by disconnecting the failed battery module 102. In other words, when one of the N battery modules 102 fails, the failed battery module 102 is disconnected and operation continues. This also enables operation with N minus multiple failures, and as long as there are battery modules 102 that do not fail, the energy storage valve subsystem can continue to operate.

[0194] Furthermore, when the energy storage submodule meets the bypass-related conditions, the power control module controls the bypass switch P1 of the power module 101 to close, and the energy storage submodule enters a bypass operating state. At this time, to mitigate the phenomenon in which the first charge switch device K2 and the second charge switch device K3 of the battery module 102 may become stuck, potentially causing safety concerns for the battery module 102, the power control module controls the power load power supply module 202 connected to the power module 101 to enter a low-power operation mode, and / or controls the normally closed switch device installed upstream of this power load power supply module 202 to shut off, thereby improving the operational safety of the power load power supply module 202.

[0195] In the process of bypassing the power module 101, an isolation switch 108 must be installed between the battery bus 103 and the power module 101 to ensure reliable isolation between the power module 101 and the battery module 102. The isolation switch 108 draws energy from the main bus 105 and / or the battery bus 103. At the moment the isolation switch 108 is switched on, a switch device is installed between the energy storage unit of the bus power module 104 and the battery bus 103 to mitigate the impact on the bus power module 104, preventing discharge from the bus power module 104 to the battery bus 103. When the isolation switch 108 is switched on, the control module 107 (which may be the battery control module 301 or the power control module 201) issues a switching command only if it determines that the starting voltage of the bus power module 104 is lower than the voltage of capacitor C, and that the voltage of capacitor C is lower than the voltage of the battery bus 103, thereby improving the operational safety of the bus power module 104.

[0196] If an energy storage submodule (or energy storage system) fails and stops operating, the battery control module 301 can start up and operate by triggering a black start switch K0, which is connected to the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502, thereby gradually restoring the operation of the energy storage submodule. More specifically, the black start switch K0 is connected to the electrical cabinet load power supply module corresponding to the nearest battery module 102, enabling the nearest power draw and reducing circuit cost and complexity.

[0197] Referring to Figure 14, the present application further provides an operating method based on the above energy storage valve submodule, wherein the number of battery modules includes two or more, and the operating method includes steps 142 and 144.

[0198] Step 142: If the activation conditions are met, control one of the battery modules to make a connection to the battery bus in order to charge the bus power module via the battery bus.

[0199] Step 144: Once the busbar power module has completed establishing a connection with the main busbar, the remaining battery modules are connected to the battery busbar.

[0200] Specifically, the specific structure and operating principle of the energy storage valve submodule are as shown in the above embodiments and drawings, and will not be explained here. When the energy storage valve submodule meets the activation conditions, the battery control module 301 first sends a control signal to one of the battery modules 102, thereby closing the precharge switch and the second charge switch of this battery module 102, and the battery in this battery module 102 charges the capacitor C via the battery bus 103. At the same time, the bus power module 104 acquires electrical energy via the battery bus 103 (essentially originating from the battery module 102) and transmits the electrical energy to the main bus 105, thereby completing the establishment of the main bus 105.

[0201] After successfully establishing the main bus 105, the battery control module 301 transmits a control signal to the other electrical cabinet control module 501, causing the other battery modules 102 to access the battery bus 103 and begin operation. After the preliminary startup is complete, it switches to control the conduction of the first charge switch device K2 and the second charge switch device K3 to achieve normal charging and discharging operation.

[0202] According to the above plan, when the energy storage valve submodule meets the activation conditions, one of the battery modules 102 first starts charging the input side (i.e., capacitor C) of the busbar power module. After the busbar power module 104 establishes the main bus 105 through charging, the other battery modules 102 are closed and charging continues. This reduces the shock circuit of the busbar power module 104 and protects it, while also lowering the difficulty of selecting related devices in the busbar power module 104.

[0203] In some embodiments, the power module 101 is controlled to take energy from the main bus 105 and perform a switching operation when the bus power module 104 has completed establishing the main bus 105, and the power module 101 is further controlled to take energy from the capacitor C and perform a switching operation when the voltage across the capacitor C is greater than a preset power start voltage.

[0204] Specifically, after successfully establishing the main bus 105, the power load power supply module 202 connected to the main bus 105 acquires electrical energy from the main bus 105 and supplies power to the power control module 201. The power control module 201 then begins executing the switching operation of the power module 101, that is, it controls the operation of the power module 101. This process does not require waiting for the voltage of capacitor C to rise. As the voltage of capacitor C rises, when the voltage of capacitor C becomes greater than the preset power start voltage (more specifically, in one embodiment, the preset power start voltage is the start voltage of the power load power supply module 202 connected to the power module 101), the two power load power supply modules 202 provide redundant power to the power control module 201. If a power supply failure occurs in one of them, it can immediately switch to the other and supply power, improving the reliability of power supply to critical loads of the power module 101. After the voltage output of the energy storage valve submodule stabilizes, the electrical cabinet control module 501 controls the first charge switch device K2 and the second charge switch device K3 of the corresponding battery module 102 to shut off, and the startup of the energy storage valve submodule is completed.

[0205] According to the above plan, when the main bus 105 is established, the power control module 201 can extract energy from the main bus 105 via the corresponding power load power supply module 202 and realize switching control for the power module 101. The switching operation of the power module 101 does not need to wait for the capacitor C to be charged above a preset power supply startup voltage, effectively improving the response speed of the power module 101. When the capacitor C is charged above a preset power supply startup voltage, the power control module 201 can further extract energy from the capacitor C of the power module 101, realizing redundant power supply and improving the operational reliability of the control module 107.

[0206] Referring to Figure 15, in some embodiments, the operation method further includes step 152.

[0207] Step 152: If a power supply failure occurs in the currently powered load power module, the system switches to drawing energy from another load power module that uses a different energy extraction method.

[0208] Specifically, the energy extraction method is a method for acquiring electrical energy. More specifically, in the proposed technology of this application, the energy extraction method includes energy extraction sites, and differences in energy extraction sites indicate different energy extraction methods. The power control module 201, the battery control module 301, and the electrical cabinet control module 501 can all achieve redundant power supply. If a power supply failure occurs in the power load power supply module 202 currently supplying power to the power control module 201, this power load power supply module 202 will trigger undervoltage protection and stop operating, and the power control module 201 can switch to extracting energy from another power load power supply module 202 with a different energy extraction method. For example, if a power supply failure occurs in the power load power supply module 202 connected to the power module 101 (which may be a failure caused by a short circuit in the battery bus 103, etc.), the power supply will switch to the power load power supply module 202 connected to the main bus 105.

[0209] If a power supply failure occurs in the battery load power supply module 302 currently supplying power to the battery control module 301, the battery control module 301 can switch to drawing energy from another battery load power supply module 302 that uses a different energy extraction method. For example, if a power supply failure occurs in the battery load power supply module 302 connected to the battery bus 103, the battery control module 301 can switch to supplying power to the battery load power supply module 302 connected to the main bus 105.

[0210] If a power supply failure occurs in the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 currently supplying power to the electrical cabinet control module 501, the electrical cabinet control module 501 can switch to drawing energy from another electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 that uses a different energy extraction method. For example, if a power supply failure occurs in the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 connected to the battery module 102, the control module 501 can switch to supplying power to the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 connected to the main bus 105.

[0211] According to the above plan, if a power supply failure occurs in the currently powered board card, the system switches to drawing energy from another load power supply module 106 with a different energy extraction method, thereby reducing the risk of power down of the control module 107 and further improving the operational reliability of the control module 107.

[0212] Referring to Figure 16, in some embodiments, the operation method further includes step 162.

[0213] Step 162: If the starting voltage of the bus power module is lower than the capacitor voltage, and the capacitor voltage is lower than the battery bus voltage, the isolation switch installed between the battery bus and the capacitor is controlled to be switched on.

[0214] Specifically, if the voltage of capacitor C is greater than or equal to the voltage of the battery bus 103 at the moment the isolation switch 108 is turned on, the attenuation of the circuit between the two is very low, and the resulting instantaneous shock current threatens the safety of the devices inside the bus power module 104. Therefore, in this embodiment, when controlling the turning on of the isolation switch 108, it is necessary to satisfy the conditions that the starting voltage of the bus power module 104 is less than the voltage of capacitor C, and that the voltage of capacitor C is less than the voltage of the battery bus 103. This effectively mitigates the situation in which an instantaneous shock current causes a shock to the bus power module 104 at the moment of turning on, and improves the safety of the devices in the bus power module 104.

[0215] According to the above plan, when the starting voltage of the busbar power module 104 is lower than the voltage of capacitor C, and the voltage of capacitor C is lower than the voltage of the battery busbar 103, the closing of the isolation switch 108 is controlled, thereby reducing the risk that instantaneous shock currents may affect the safe operation of the busbar power module 104.

[0216] Referring to Figure 17, in some embodiments, the operation method further includes steps 172 and 174.

[0217] Step 172: If any one of the battery modules fails, disconnect the faulty battery module.

[0218] Step 174: Switch to drawing energy from the load power module connected to the main busbar and monitor the battery status information of the faulty battery module.

[0219] Specifically, if a failure occurs in one of the battery modules 102 within the same energy storage valve submodule, the battery control module 301 sends a control signal to the electrical cabinet control module 501 corresponding to this battery module 102, thereby controlling the first charge switch device K2 and the second charge switch device K3 of this battery module 102 to shut off, and disconnecting this battery module 102. Since the battery module 102 is disconnected and the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 connected to the battery module 102 can no longer extract energy, at this time the electrical cabinet control module 501 of the battery module 102 draws power from the electrical cabinet board card power supply connected to the main bus 105, monitors the battery module 102, and obtains battery status information for the battery module 102.

[0220] According to the above plan, if any one of the battery modules 102 fails, this battery module 102 is disconnected, and the system switches to drawing energy from the load power module 106 connected to the main bus 105, thereby enabling monitoring of the battery module 102's condition when it fails and improving the safety of the battery module 102.

[0221] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 18, the operation method further includes steps 182 and 184.

[0222] Step 182: If the startup conditions are met, energy is drawn from the redundant power module to control the operation of the power module.

[0223] Step 184: If the capacitor voltage of the capacitor is greater than the preset main power start voltage, energy is extracted based on the redundant power module and the main power module to control the operation of the power module.

[0224] Specifically, this embodiment explains the solution using the example that the control module 107 includes a power control board card 1071, the busbar power module 104 includes a redundant power module 1041, and the load power module 106 includes a main power module 1061. In this scenario, when the startup conditions are met, the power control board card 1071 extracts energy from the redundant power module 1041, controls the operation of the power module 101, and eliminates the need to wait for the capacitor C to charge, enabling fully controlled charging of the energy storage valve submodule and improving the startup speed of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0225] Referring to Figure 19, in some embodiments, the method of operating the energy storage valve submodule further includes step 192.

[0226] Step 192: When the power module enters a bypass operation state, energy is drawn from the redundant power supply module and the operating status of the power module is monitored.

[0227] Specifically, when there is a need for bypass, the bypass switch P1 of the power unit 601 of the power module 101 is closed in the corresponding energy storage valve submodule, which corresponds to short-circuiting the power unit 601 of this energy storage valve submodule. At this time, the upper energy storage valve submodule and the lower energy storage valve submodule are connected via the bypass switch P1, and the intermediate energy storage valve submodule is disconnected. In order to ensure that the power control board card 1071 operates under constant charge, the operating status of the power module 101 is continuously monitored by switching to supplying power via the redundant power supply module 1041 at this time.

[0228] According to the above plan, after the power module 101 is bypassed, power can be supplied further via the redundant power supply module 1041, the operating status of the power module 101 can be monitored, the power control board card 1071 can be continuously charged, and the operating reliability of the energy storage valve submodule can be further improved.

[0229] In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule includes a voltage equalization resistor, and the method of operating the energy storage valve submodule further includes obtaining an allowable maximum discharge resistance value when the discharge time length required for the capacitor to discharge until it reaches a preset safety voltage threshold is less than a preset lock time length, and determining the resistance parameter of the voltage equalization resistor based on the maximum discharge resistance value.

[0230] Specifically, the preset safety voltage threshold is the preset voltage threshold at which the capacitor discharges without affecting the safe operation of the energy storage valve submodule. Its magnitude is not unique, and in one more detailed embodiment, it may be set to 20V. The preset lock time length refers to the preset maximum time length allowed from the trigger of a lock by the energy storage valve submodule to the completion of the lock.

[0231] In the entire operation process of the energy storage valve submodule according to this application, the power module 101 can all be operated under the control of the power control board card 1071, and in order to achieve fully controlled charging of the energy storage valve, the selection of the resistance value parameter of the equalizing resistor R mainly takes two constraints into consideration. First, after the operation of the energy storage valve submodule is stopped, the equalizing resistor becomes a discharge resistor, and the discharge of the capacitor must be completed before the operation stop time reaches a preset lock time, i.e., the discharge of the capacitor must reach a preset safety voltage threshold. Second, in the application scenario of the energy storage system, in order to reduce the power consumption of the energy storage valve submodule and the load on the water cooling system, the largest possible resistance value should be selected for the equalizing resistor R.

[0232] Considering the above factors together, the solution in this embodiment first calculates the conditions that the resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R must satisfy when the required discharge time is less than a preset lock time, where the required discharge time is the time required for the capacitor C to discharge until it reaches a preset safety voltage threshold. Then, when the equalizing resistor R satisfies the above conditions, the maximum discharge resistance value is selected, thereby determining the resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R.

[0233] According to the above method, by determining the resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R in conjunction with the maximum discharge resistance value required when the discharge time length required for capacitor C to discharge until it reaches a preset safety voltage threshold is less than a preset lock time length, the equalizing resistor R is better suited to the energy storage valve submodule and further improves the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0234] In some embodiments, the discharge time length includes a first discharge time length during which the main power module 1061 and the voltage equalizing resistor R discharge together when the capacitor C discharges from a preset rated operating voltage to reach a preset shut-off voltage threshold, and a second discharge time length during which the voltage equalizing resistor R discharges alone when the capacitor C discharges from the preset shut-off voltage threshold to reach a preset safety voltage threshold.

[0235] At this time, T1 + T2 = T, where T represents the discharge time length, T1 represents the first discharge time length, T2 represents the second discharge time length. When selecting, T1 + T2 = T < T off needs to be satisfied, and T off represents a preset lock time length. Based on the analysis of the circuit principle, here TIFF2026513812000003.tif12129, where μ represents the efficiency of the main power module 1061, R represents the resistance value of the voltage equalizing resistor R, C represents the capacitance value of the capacitor C, Uc represents the voltage of the capacitor C, P represents the power of the power control board card 1071 of the energy storage valve sub-module, and U N represents a preset rated operating voltage, and U off represents a preset shut-off voltage threshold, and U o represents a preset safety voltage threshold. T1 + T2 < T off By solving with the constraint condition of T1 + T2 < T, R < R1 can be obtained. Furthermore, considering the influence of factors such as the power consumption of the voltage equalizing resistor R and the load of the water cooling system, the larger the resistance, the smaller the power consumption. Therefore, R1 may finally be selected as the heat generation resistance value parameter of the voltage equalizing resistor R.

[0236] According to the above solution, by combining the first discharge time length in the stage where the main power module 1061 and the voltage equalizing resistor R discharge together and the second discharge time length in the stage where the voltage equalizing resistor R discharges alone, and obtaining an accurate discharge time length, the accuracy of the finally determined resistance value parameter is improved.

[0237] This application further provides an energy storage valve device including at least one of the above-mentioned energy storage valve submodules.

[0238] Specifically, the structure and operation method of the energy storage valve submodule are as shown in the above embodiments and drawings, and will not be explained here. In the energy storage valve device, each energy storage valve submodule is cascaded to constitute a cascade-type energy storage valve device. In the same energy storage valve submodule of the cascade-type energy storage valve device, a bus power module is further connected to the battery bus connected to the battery module and capacitor, the bus power module is further connected to a control module, and the load power module can extract energy from at least one of the capacitor, battery bus, and battery module, ultimately achieving redundant power supply to the control module via the bus power module and load power module.

[0239] This solution allows the control module to switch to supplying power via the busbar power module if a power supply failure occurs in the load power module, or to switch to supplying power via the load power module if a power supply failure occurs in the busbar power module. In other words, it achieves redundant power supply for the control module, mitigating the problem of the control module of the energy storage valve submodule losing power and causing the energy storage system to shut down.

[0240] In some examples, the load power module of an energy storage valve submodule further draws energy from at least one of the DC bus and battery modules of an adjacent energy storage valve submodule.

[0241] Specifically, the structure of adjacent energy storage valve submodules may be the same as the structure of the energy storage valve submodule according to the above embodiment, or it may be different from the structure of the energy storage valve submodule, and is not specifically limited, and should be selected according to actual needs. According to the above solution, multiple energy storage valve submodules are installed in the energy storage valve device, and the load power module of the current energy storage valve submodule can further extract energy from the DC bus or battery module of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule, thereby, even if the current energy storage valve submodule fails and stops operation, energy can still be extracted from the adjacent energy storage valve submodule and supplied to the control module, further improving the power supply reliability of the control module.

[0242] In some embodiments, the load power module of an energy storage valve submodule further draws energy from the main bus of an adjacent energy storage valve submodule.

[0243] Specifically, according to the design of this embodiment, an adjacent energy storage valve submodule has a main bus in addition to the battery bus, and the construction method of the main bus is the same as the construction method of the main bus of the energy storage valve submodule in the above embodiment, so a detailed explanation is omitted here.

[0244] According to the above plan, a main bus is further established for the adjacent energy storage valve submodule, and the load power module of the current energy storage valve submodule can further draw energy from the main bus of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule, further improving the power supply reliability of the control module.

[0245] This application further provides an energy storage system including the energy storage valve device described above.

[0246] Specifically, the structure and operating principle of the energy storage valve device are as shown in the above embodiments and drawings, and will not be explained here. In the energy storage system, each energy storage valve submodule is cascaded to constitute a cascade-type energy storage valve device. In the energy storage valve submodule of the cascade-type energy storage valve device, a bus power module is further connected to the battery bus connected to the battery module and capacitor, the bus power module is further connected to a control module, and the load power module can extract energy from at least one of the capacitor, battery bus, and battery module, and ultimately provides power to the control module via the bus power module and the load power module. With this design, if a power supply failure occurs in the load power module, the control module can switch to supplying power via the bus power module, or if a power supply failure occurs in the bus power module, it can switch to supplying power via the load power module, that is, redundant power supply to the control module is realized, thereby mitigating the problem that the control module of the energy storage valve submodule will power down and cause the energy storage system to shut down.

[0247] Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments described above are merely illustrative of the technical concepts of this application and do not limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments described above, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical concepts described in the embodiments described above, or to replace some or all of their technical features, and such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the relevant technical concepts from the scope of the technical concepts of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be included within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment may be combined in any manner, provided that there is no structural inconsistency. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical concepts within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. Energy storage valve submodule, Power module and Battery module and Battery busbar and, A capacitor connected in parallel to the power module, with both ends connected to the battery module via the battery bus, A bus power module connected to the aforementioned battery bus, A load power supply module that extracts energy from at least one of the capacitor, the battery bus, and the battery module, An energy storage valve submodule, which includes a control module connected to the busbar power module and the load power module, respectively, wherein the battery module and / or the power module are connected to the control module.

2. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 1, wherein the capacitor includes a DC link capacitor.

3. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a main bus, the main bus being connected to the bus power module, the number of load power modules comprising two or more, at least one of the load power modules extracting energy from at least one of the capacitor, the battery bus, and the battery module, and at least one of the load power modules extracting energy from the main bus.

4. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 3, wherein the control module includes a power control module, the load power supply module includes a power load power supply module, the power load power supply module and the power module are each connected to the power control module, and at least one of the power load power supply modules is connected to the capacitor, and at least one of the power load power supply modules is connected to the main bus.

5. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the control module further includes a battery control module, the load power module further includes a battery load power module, the battery load power module is connected to the battery control module, and at least one of the battery load power modules is connected to the battery bus, at least one of the battery load power modules is connected to the main bus, or all of the battery load power modules are connected to the main bus.

6. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 5, wherein the control module further includes an electrical cabinet control module, the load power module further includes an electrical cabinet load power module, one electrical cabinet control module and two or more electrical cabinet load power modules are installed corresponding to each battery module, each electrical cabinet control module is connected to the battery module and the battery control module, each electrical cabinet load power module installed corresponding to each battery module is connected to the electrical cabinet control module installed corresponding to it, and at least one electrical cabinet load power module is connected to the battery module, and at least one electrical cabinet load power module is connected to the main bus.

7. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 6, further comprising a black start switch, the first end of which is connected to the battery control module, and the second end of which is connected to one of the electrical cabinet load power modules connected to the battery module.

8. The energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the battery module includes a battery, a precharge resistor, a precharge switch device, a first charge switch device, and a second charge switch device, the first end of the battery being connected to the first end of the precharge resistor and the first end of the first charge switch device, the second end of the precharge resistor being connected to the first end of the precharge switch device, the second end of the precharge switch device being connected to the second end of the first charge switch device and the battery bus, the second end of the battery being connected to the first end of the second charge switch device, and the second end of the second charge switch device being connected to the battery bus.

9. The energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the load power supply module and the bus power supply module that draw power from the battery bus are equipped with a low power consumption operating mode and / or connected to the battery bus via a normally closed switch device.

10. The energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 3 to 9, further comprising an isolation switch, wherein both ends of the capacitor are connected to the battery bus via the isolation switch, and the main bus and the control module are connected to the isolation switch, respectively.

11. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 10, wherein the bus power module includes a first bus power module and a second bus power module, the first bus power module being connected to the battery bus and the main bus, respectively, and the second bus power module being connected to the battery bus and the isolation switch, respectively.

12. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 10, wherein the bus power module includes a switch device, an energy storage device, and a DC converter, the battery bus is connected to the energy storage device via the switch device, the energy storage device is connected to the DC converter, and the DC converter is connected to the battery bus and the main bus.

13. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control module includes a power control board card, the bus power module includes a redundant power module, the load power module includes a main power module, the redundant power module is connected to the battery module via the battery bus, the main power module is connected to the capacitor, and the redundant power module, the main power module and the power module are each connected to the power control board card.

14. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 13, wherein the redundant power supply module is connected to a battery module in the same energy storage valve submodule as the energy storage valve submodule to which the power module belongs.

15. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 13, wherein the redundant power supply module is connected to a battery module in an energy storage valve submodule other than the energy storage valve submodule to which the power module belongs.

16. The energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 13 to 15, further comprising a pressure equalizing resistor, the pressure equalizing resistor being connected in parallel with the capacitor, and both ends of the pressure equalizing resistor being connected to the battery busbar, respectively.

17. The energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the power control board card includes a main control board card, a bypass switch drive board, and a power switch drive board, the main control board card is connected to the bypass switch drive board and the power switch drive board, respectively, the bypass switch drive board and the power switch drive board are connected to the power module, the main power module and the redundant power module are connected to the main control board card, the main power module and the redundant power module are connected to the bypass switch drive board, respectively, and the main power module and the redundant power module are connected to the power switch drive board, respectively.

18. A method of operation based on an energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the number of battery modules includes two or more, and the method of operation is When the activation conditions are met, control one of the battery modules to make the connection to the battery bus conduction in order to charge the bus power module via the battery bus, An operating method comprising, when the busbar power module has completed establishing a connection with the main busbar, enabling conductivity between the remaining battery modules and the battery busbar.

19. When the busbar power module has completed establishing a connection with the main busbar, the operation method is as follows: The power module is controlled to extract energy from the main bus and perform a switching operation. The operating method according to claim 18, further comprising controlling the power module to extract energy from the capacitor and perform a switching operation when the voltage of the capacitor is greater than a preset power start voltage.

20. The operating method according to claim 18 or 19, further comprising switching to drawing energy from another load power module with a different energy extraction method when a power supply failure occurs in the load power module currently supplying power.

21. The operating method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, further comprising controlling the switching on of an isolation switch installed between the battery bus and the capacitor when the starting voltage of the bus power module is less than the voltage of the capacitor and the voltage of the capacitor is less than the voltage of the battery bus.

22. If a failure occurs in any one of the aforementioned battery modules, the failed battery module is disconnected. The operating method according to any one of claims 18 to 21, further comprising switching to draw energy from the load power module connected to the main busbar and monitoring the battery status information of the battery module that has failed.

23. When the startup conditions are met, energy is drawn from the redundant power supply module to control the operation of the power module, The operating method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, further comprising, when the capacitor voltage of the capacitor is greater than a preset main power start voltage, extracting energy based on the redundant power module and the main power module to control the operation of the power module.

24. The operating method according to claim 23, further comprising taking energy from the redundant power supply module and monitoring the operating status of the power module when the power module enters a bypass operating state.

25. A voltage equalizing resistor is further connected in parallel between the capacitor and the battery module, and the operation method is as follows: When the discharge time required for the capacitor to discharge until it reaches a preset safety voltage threshold is less than a preset lock time, the maximum allowable discharge resistance value is obtained. The operating method according to claim 23 or 24, further comprising determining the resistance value parameter of the equalizing resistor based on the maximum discharge resistance value.

26. The operation method according to claim 25, wherein the discharge time length includes the sum of a first discharge time length and a second discharge time length, where the first discharge time length includes the time during which the main power module and the equalizing resistor discharge together when the capacitor discharges from a preset rated operating voltage and reaches a preset shut-off voltage threshold, and the second discharge time length includes the time during which the equalizing resistor discharges alone when the capacitor discharges from the preset shut-off voltage threshold and reaches a preset safety voltage threshold.

27. An energy storage valve device comprising at least one energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

28. The load power module of the energy storage valve submodule further extracts energy from at least one of the DC bus and battery module of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule. The energy storage valve device according to claim 27, wherein the load power supply module of the energy storage valve submodule further extracts energy from the main bus of an adjacent energy storage valve submodule.

29. An energy storage system comprising the energy storage valve device according to claim 27 or 28.

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