3D visualization simulated reservoir flooding experiment device

Abstract

We provide a demonstration and experimental device that allows visual observation of inter-well and wide-area reservoir behavior when recovering oil using multiple wells. [Solution] The demonstration experimental device has a multi-layer structure consisting of three or more elastically deformable plate-like members (panels), with a frame-shaped spacer sandwiched between a transparent upper panel and a middle panel, which is filled with granular material or simulated fluid, and pressurized fluid is injected to inflate it upwards into a dome shape, and is equipped with a reservoir assembly 1 having a three-dimensional visualized simulated reservoir that is similar to or similar to an actual anticlinal structure trap. By arranging 10 types of joints 10 that can be easily attached and detached on the upper panel, simulated oil filling points, injection wells, and production wells can be freely arranged, and a surface panel assembly 3 with real or fictional topographical maps or city maps is provided above the reservoir assembly, and working models of production facilities are placed therein. These are connected to the joints of the reservoir assembly by a group of simulated wells, thereby reproducing inclined wells and multilateral wells.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional visualization simulated reservoir flooding experiment device. [Background technology]

[0002] In petroleum development engineering education, various experiments are conducted to help students understand the behavior of underground fluids. For example, there are experiments to measure absolute permeability using air on simulated reservoir rock cores, and experiments to measure relative permeability using simulated oil and water (Non-Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 2). These experiments are also conducted in oil development practice, and are one of the efforts to train students who will be employed in the oil industry to be immediately ready for the job. However, in order to understand them, it is necessary to learn basic theories and equations such as Darcy's law in advance, and they are not suitable as demonstration experiments for the general public, such as junior and senior high school students and their parents who do not have such basic knowledge. In addition, all of these experiments use cylindrical cores, and they have the disadvantage that they cannot reproduce behaviors such as the fingering phenomenon due to viscosity differences in formation fluids and the decrease in sweep rate in heterogeneous reservoirs, and cannot fully reproduce fluid behaviors in a wide area of ​​the reservoir, such as inter-well flow.

[0003] There are also experimental devices that study inter-well flow, but these are also difficult to use in demonstration experiments for the general public. For example, there is a vertical two-dimensional model experimental device (Non-Patent Document 3) that imagines a vertical cross section extending from a well, and a 1 / 4 horizontal two-dimensional model experimental device that imagines the five-point method (Non-Patent Document 4). However, these experimental devices are models that cut out a part of inter-well flow, and in order to understand them, basic knowledge of oil development such as well arrangement and well drilling is required, so they are not suitable for demonstration experiments for the general public who do not have such knowledge. Furthermore, these experimental devices are basically designed as two-dimensional cross-sectional models because the simulated sand layer particles must be restrained by a sturdy flat plate so as to block the fluid leaking between the simulated sand layer and the inner wall of the device, and have the disadvantage that they cannot reproduce the pattern of freely arranging multiple wells and recovering oil in an actual reservoir having a three-dimensional form such as an anticlinal trap.

[0004] Meanwhile, in the field of geotechnical engineering, three-dimensional soil tank experiments are sometimes conducted to monitor the three-dimensional behavior of pore fluids in simulated strata with specific morphology (Non-Patent Document 5). However, because the simulated strata and the strata above it, which are made of sand particles and clay, are opaque, it is not possible to directly observe the behavior of fluids in the target strata with the naked eye, and it is necessary to inject a tracing substance called a tracer or to observe using X-ray CT scans, etc. (Non-Patent Document 6). To solve this problem, a method was proposed to create a transparent ground using mineral oil and transparent particles that have the same or similar refractive index for visible light (Non-Patent Document 7). However, 1) oil recovery involves at least two-phase flow of oil and water, which have different refractive indices, so the simulated strata cannot be made transparent as in geotechnical engineering experiments that only handle one-phase fluids, and 2) even if transparent ground (tiny transparent particles saturated with oil with very low permeability) is used only for the upper strata such as the cap rock, in order to provide sufficient consolidation to the simulated reservoir, it is necessary to make the upper strata thick or to apply pressure to the upper strata as well. Therefore, it is unavoidable to increase the size and weight of the experimental equipment in order to suppress deformation of the target strata due to lateral expansion, making it unsuitable for demonstration experiments. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] "2023 Environmental Resources Engineering Experiment A Textbook (Spring Semester)", Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2023 [Non-Patent Document 2] "2023 Environmental Resources Engineering Experiment B Textbook (Fall Semester)", Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2023 [Non-Patent Document 3] "Study on stabilization of methane hydrate-bearing layers using soil improvement agents", Yuchen Liu, Qin Li, and Masanori Kurihara, Journal of the Japanese Association of Petroleum Technology 85(4-5), 205-225, 2020 [Non-Patent Document 4] "Experimental Study on Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Cement-Based Ground Improvement Agent", Yuchen Liu, Hisanao Ouchi, Masanori Kurihara, Spring Symposium of the Japan Petroleum Technology Association, 2024 [Non-Patent Document 5] "Large-scale soil tank experiment on the penetration and strength characteristics of solution-type chemical grouting method", Kentaro Hayashi, Yoshinori Zenkouki, Hiroyuki Yamazaki, Norio Hayashi, Journal of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 2001(694), 221-228, 2001 [Non-Patent Document 6] "Basic study of methods and evaluation of laboratory tracer tests", Daiki Nomi, Makoto Suzuki, Tomoyuki Hishiya, Shinji Takeuchi, Geotechnical Journal, 16(1), 63-73, 2021 [Non-Patent Document 7] "Experiment and consideration on visualization of bearing capacity of geogrid-reinforced foundation using transparent soil", Hideto Nonoyama, Yoshihisa Miyata, Kazuma Fukumoto, Proceedings of Geosynthetics, 35, 129-134, 2020 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Current experimental equipment has a problem in that it is not possible to reproduce and demonstrate reservoir behavior over a wide area when oil is recovered from an oil reservoir having a three-dimensional form such as an anticlinal trap using multiple wells in a form that can be visually confirmed and observed by the general public without specialized knowledge. The present invention provides a demonstration experimental device that visualizes fluid behavior over a wide area of ​​a reservoir when oil and produced water are recovered from an oil reservoir having a three-dimensional form such as an anticlinal trap by primary recovery, secondary recovery, and tertiary recovery using multiple wells. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present invention is a visualization demonstration experimental device having the following configurations (A)-(E) for reproducing the wide-area fluid behavior when recovering oil and produced water from an oil reservoir having a three-dimensional shape.

[0008] (A) A three-dimensional reservoir assembly that stores simulated formation particles and simulated formation fluid and reproduces the shape of an actual reservoir. Preferably, the assembly has a multi-layer structure consisting of three or more plate-like members, and a frame-shaped spacer is provided between an upper panel and an intermediate panel, and the simulated reservoir is prepared by filling the frame with particle material and simulated fluid. In addition, by injecting a pressurized fluid between the intermediate panel and the lower panel, the upper panel, the simulated reservoir, and the intermediate panel can be inflated upward in a dome shape, thereby reproducing an anticline structure and simultaneously applying a vertical confining pressure to the simulated reservoir. Note that, as the particle material for preparing the simulated reservoir, it is preferable to use a material having a particle size and wettability equivalent to or close to that of an actual oil reservoir, such as silica sand, ceramic particles, or glass beads.

[0009] (B) A surface panel assembly that is installed above the three-dimensional reservoir assembly and reproduces the type, arrangement, and role of surface production facilities. Preferably, the surface production facilities are reproduced using tubes, joints, valves, or working models of injection well valves, production well valves, separators, tanks, pipelines, etc. In addition, it is preferable to draw real or fictional topographical maps or city maps on the surface panel, and to reproduce practical ideas such as arranging production facilities and bases while avoiding obstacles and residential areas on the surface.

[0010] (C) An elevation platform assembly for adjusting the vertical distance between the ground panel assembly and the three-dimensional reservoir assembly. Preferably, a fixed part for installing the three-dimensional reservoir assembly and a movable part for raising and lowering the ground panel assembly are provided, and the vertical distance between the two assemblies, i.e., the depth of the simulated reservoir, is adjusted by adjusting the height of the platform. The height of the platform can be adjusted by bolt fastening / releasing, screw and nut, hydraulic, flat gear, wire rope winding, etc., but other methods may also be used.

[0011] (D) A group of simulated wells connecting the surface panel assembly and the three-dimensional reservoir assembly. Preferably, one-touch joints are provided on the injection well valve, the production well valve on the surface panel, and the surface (upper panel) of the three-dimensional reservoir assembly, and a group of simulated wells is constructed by inserting an easily removable resin tube. This allows for the injection and recovery of fluids between the actual surface production facility model and the simulated reservoir created in the reservoir assembly. It is also possible to reproduce multilateral wells by providing a Y-type branch joint in the middle of the wells.

[0012] (E) A pressure regulation system that supplies pressurized fluid to a designated position of the three-dimensional reservoir assembly and also supplies appropriate pressure to the injection well / injection piping in the surface panel assembly. Preferably, compressed air from a compressor is supplied independently to each assembly at a stable pressure by separate pressure regulation valves. In addition to compressed air, incompressible fluids such as water and hydraulic oil may be used as the pressurized fluid for expanding the reservoir assembly into a three-dimensional shape. Effect of the Invention

[0013] In the present invention, a reservoir assembly having a multi-layer structure made of elastically deformable plate-like members is loaded with simulated formation particles and simulated formation fluid in a thin layer, and the simulated sand layer is inflated into a dome shape by pressurizing from below, thereby making it possible to reproduce a three-dimensionally visualized simulated reservoir having an anticline structure similar to that of a real oil reservoir. In addition, by controlling the pressurization, the amount of expansion displacement of the reservoir assembly, i.e., the anticline shape of the simulated reservoir, can be adjusted. Furthermore, the joints arranged in the reservoir assembly make it possible to freely set the positions of the simulated injection well and the simulated production well. Furthermore, a surface panel assembly in which working models of the injection well valve, the production well valve, the treatment facility, the pipeline, etc. are arranged makes it possible to perform demonstration experiments of oil field operation, such as injecting water or chemicals into the simulated reservoir having the three-dimensional shape, and recovering oil and produced water from the simulated reservoir. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1]FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of each part according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] 1A and 1B are a top projection view, a front projection view, and an enlarged view of a fixing part of a three-dimensional reservoir assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1A-1D are an expansion displacement (contour) diagram, a top projection diagram, and cross-sectional views in the major and minor axis directions of a three-dimensional reservoir assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is an arrangement diagram of one-touch joints according to the first embodiment of the present invention and a layout diagram of wellheads in a ground panel assembly. [Diagram 5] 1A-1C are an expansion displacement (contour) view, a top view and a cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional reservoir assembly according to a second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] <First embodiment>

[0016] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of each part according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] This embodiment is a three-dimensional demonstration experimental device that assumes an oil field in which multiple inclined wells and multilateral wells are drilled in an anticlinal trap oil reservoir. The device is composed of a three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1, a lifting platform assembly 2, a surface panel assembly 3, a group of wells 4, and a pressure regulation system 5. The three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 and the surface panel assembly 3 are installed on the lifting platform assembly 2, and the height of the platform, i.e., the depth of the simulated reservoir, can be adjusted steplessly. In addition, the two are connected via a group of wells 4, and it is possible to simulate fluid injection from the surface and fluid recovery from the reservoir. Furthermore, the pressure regulation system 5 can adjust the molding pressure (lower pressure) of the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 and the water injection pressure.

[0018] The configuration and operation of each part will be explained below.

[0019] FIG. 2 shows a top projection view, a front projection view and an enlarged view of a fixing part of a three-dimensional reservoir assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] The three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 is a thin tank in which a thin simulated reservoir can be created by stacking three rectangular transparent resin plates. Specifically, a four-sided frame-shaped spacer 12 is sandwiched between an upper panel 11 and a middle panel 14, and the space inside is filled with sand particles and simulated formation fluid to create a simulated reservoir 6. In this case, the width of the simulated reservoir 6 is equal to the inner dimension of the spacer 12, and the layer thickness is equal to the thickness of the spacer 12. In addition, holes are drilled at regular intervals in the upper panel 11, and one-touch joints 10 are placed in the holes. A simulated well 13 made of a strainer tube or a wire screen is provided under each one-touch joint 10, which allows fluid to be injected into the simulated reservoir 6 from the one-touch joint 10, or fluid to be produced from the simulated reservoir 6. Regarding the methods for fixing or sealing each part, 1) the upper panel 11 and the spacer 12 are fixed with a liquid gasket or welding, 2) the spacer 12 and the intermediate panel 14 are sealed using a method that combines a liquid gasket and an upper gasket 16a, and 3) the back surface of the upper panel 11 (the surface that comes into contact with the simulated reservoir 6) and the simulated well 13 are weakly bonded with a liquid gasket.

[0021] Furthermore, a lower panel 15 is provided below the intermediate panel 14, and a lower gasket 16b is sandwiched therebetween. A pressure valve 19 is provided on the lower panel 15, and compressed air or water can be injected between the lower gasket 16b and the lower panel 15. This allows a convex lens-shaped chamber 55 to be formed between the lower gasket 16b and the lower panel 15, and the intermediate panel 14, the simulated reservoir 6, and the upper panel 11 above it to be inflated into a dome shape, i.e., an anticline structure.

[0022] Preferably, the panel, spacer, and gasket set are fastened by steel frames 17a, 17b and a C-clamp 18. The material of the panel is preferably selected from transparent materials having a wide elastic deformation range, high breaking / bending strength, and resistance to the simulated oil reservoir fluid. For example, it can be selected from transparent polycarbonate plates, acrylic plates, transparent resin plates, transparent PET plates, etc. Furthermore, the gasket is selected from soft resin or rubber sheets having excellent elasticity and resistance to the simulated oil reservoir fluid. For example, it can be selected from soft PVC sheets, soft silicone rubber sheets, etc. Alternatively, it is possible to fix the panel with bolts and nuts instead of the C-clamp 18.

[0023] On the other hand, the surface panel assembly 3 is provided with an injection well piping 31, an injection well valve 32, a production well piping 33, a production well valve 34, a product storage tank 35, a separator 36, an injection water tank 37, etc., simulating surface facilities at an oil field operation site. Among them, the injection well valve 32 and the production well valve 34 are connected to a one-touch joint 10 provided on the surface (upper panel 11) of the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 through an injection well tube 41 and a production well tube 42, respectively. As a result, water in the injection water tank can be injected into the simulated reservoir 6 in the three-dimensional reservoir assembly through the injection well piping 31, the injection well valve 32, and the injection well tube 41, and the product oil and associated water can be collected to the product storage tank 35 through the production well tube 42, the production well valve 34, and the production well piping 33. In actual oil field operations, since there are many cases where the site is shifted to drill directional wells due to the terrain, surface obstacles, or land acquisition, it is not necessary to align the positions of the injection well valve 32 and the production well valve 34 with the position of the one-touch joint 10. For example, a real or fictitious map can be drawn on the surface panel assembly 3, and an empty lot where an operation base for consolidating production facilities can be constructed can be selected, from which a group of wells 4 (described later) simulating directional wells and multilateral wells can be arranged. It is preferable to adopt a working model for the surface facilities including the injection well valve 32 and the production well valve 34, and allow visitors to operate them.

[0024] Furthermore, by adjusting the height of the lifting platform assembly 2, it is possible to change the distance between the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 and the ground surface panel assembly 3. Specifically, the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 is attached to the fixed part 21 of the telescopic pole, and the ground surface panel assembly 3 is attached to the movable part 23 of the telescopic pole, and the height of the platform is adjusted by the adjustment part 22. This makes it possible to adjust the depth of the simulated reservoir. Note that there are no limitations on the mechanical mechanism of the adjustment part 22 of the telescopic pole, as long as it can realize the position (height) of the movable part 23 or its fixing and release.

[0025] Further, a group of wells 4 is provided between the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 and the surface panel assembly 3. The group of wells 4 is a simulated well that connects an injection well valve 32 and a production well valve 34 provided in the surface panel assembly 3 to a one-touch joint 10 provided in the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1, and is divided into an injection well tube 41 and a production well tube 42, respectively. Preferably, a transparent / semi-transparent tube or hose that is resistant to the simulated formation fluid, can be easily detached and reassembled depending on the arrangement of the injection well / production well valve in the surface panel assembly 3, and allows easy observation of the fluid in the tube is used. For example, a polyethylene tube of 4, 6, 8, or 10 mm that fits the one-touch joint 10 can be used. In addition, when simulating a multilateral well, a Y-shaped one-touch joint that branches at an appropriate depth (an appropriate distance from the surface panel 3) may be used.

[0026] In addition, a pressure regulation system 5 is provided to control the pressure for forming the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 and the injection pressure when injecting water or chemicals. The pressure regulation system 5 is composed of a compressor 50, a high-pressure side pipe 51, a pressure control pressure regulation valve 52, an injection pressure control pressure regulation valve 53, and a low-pressure side pipe 54. Compressed air from the compressor is introduced through the high-pressure side pipe 51 to the pressure control pressure regulation valve 52 and the injection pressure control pressure regulation valve 53, and is reduced to a predetermined pressure and injection pressure. The pressure and injection pressure after the pressure regulation are introduced through the low-pressure side pipe 54 to the pressure valve 19 attached to the lower panel 15 of the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 and the injection water tank 37 installed on the surface panel assembly 3, and are used for the expansion and forming of the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 and the injection of water or chemicals. In addition, in addition to compressed air, incompressible fluids such as water and hydraulic oil can be used to pressurize the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1. When compressed air is used as is, the low-pressure side piping 54 can be simplified and the total weight of the device can be reduced, but it is difficult to check for slow air leaks and the volume of the compressed air, i.e., the expansion degree of the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1, changes with temperature. On the other hand, in a method in which a hydraulic fluid tank is added downstream of the pressure control pressure regulating valve 52 and water or hydraulic oil is pressurized with compressed air after pressure adjustment, it is easy to check for liquid leaks and the shape of the simulated reservoir 6 is unlikely to change with temperature changes, but it is disadvantageous in that the total weight of the device increases. Therefore, it is good to select the pressurized fluid according to the usage situation. For example, water or hydraulic oil is used in a demonstration experiment lasting for two or more days, assuming changes in room temperature at night, while air is good to use when frequently transporting between classrooms and laboratories on campus.

[0027] FIG. 3 shows an expansion displacement (contour) diagram, a top view, and cross-sectional views in the major and minor axes of a three-dimensional reservoir assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The filling of the simulated reservoir 6 and the assembly of the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 are carried out in the following steps 1 to 5. 1) Insert waterproof plugs of the same diameter as the compatible tubes into all of the one-touch fittings 10, and then turn the entire top panel 11 over. 2) The frame-shaped spacer 12 with liquid gasket applied to one side is placed on the bottom surface of the upper panel 11 and is tightly attached using the upper and lower steel frames 17a, 17b and the C-clamp 18. Note that if the frame-shaped spacer 12 is welded to the upper panel 11, this step is not necessary. 3) Pour water into the bottom surface of the upper panel 11 and inside the frame-shaped spacer 12, and fill in sand particles or the like by the underwater dropping method. For the particles, silica sand, ceramic particles, and glass beads that are non-reactive with water and oil and have particle sizes and wettability similar to those of actual geological particles are used, but other materials may also be used. Preferably, fill slowly while applying vibration, and adjust so that the surface of the sand layer after filling is flush with the outer periphery of the frame-shaped spacer 12. 4) A liquid gasket is applied to the frame-shaped spacer 12, and the upper gasket 16a and the intermediate panel 14 are attached. The intermediate panel 14 is a plate for suppressing lateral flow of the simulated reservoir 6 that may occur during expansion molding of the reservoir assembly 1 and the resulting uneven change in layer thickness, and does not distinguish between the front and back. The upper gasket 16a not only improves the sealing performance between the intermediate panel 14 and the frame-shaped spacer 12, but also improves the adhesion between the intermediate panel 14 and the simulated reservoir 6, and plays a role in blocking fluid leaking through the sand layer surface. 5) The lower gasket 16b is placed on the middle panel 14, and the lower panel 15 is hung. The lower gasket 16b is for preventing leakage of pressurized fluid between the middle panel 14 and the lower panel 15 during expansion molding of the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1. This results in a multi-layer structure consisting of the upper panel 11, the frame-shaped spacer 12 + the simulated reservoir 6 inside, the upper gasket 16a, the middle panel 14, the lower gasket 16b, and the lower panel 15, from bottom to top. The upper and lower steel frames 17a, 17b are attached to the outer periphery of this multi-layer structure, i.e., the projected portion of the frame-shaped spacer 12, and are firmly fastened by the C-clamp 18. This completes the assembly of the reservoir assembly 1.

[0029] In addition, the expansion molding of the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 and the filling of the simulated oil are carried out by following steps 6 to 9 below. 6) After the liquid gasket has solidified, the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 is turned over again so that the top panel 11 and the one-touch fitting 10 face up. 7) The pressurized fluid is injected between the lower gasket 16b and the lower panel 15 by the pressure valve 19 provided on the lower panel 15 by the above-mentioned pressure regulation system 5, and the assembled three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1 is expanded. At this time, the lower panel 15 expands downward, while the lower gasket 16b, the middle panel 14, the upper gasket 16a, the simulated reservoir 6, and the upper panel 11 expand upward in a dome shape, forming a shape equivalent to an anticline structure. The degree of expansion is shown by the contour lines 60. In addition, this pressurization lifts the simulated reservoir 6 from bottom to top, while the upper panel 11 above the simulated reservoir 6 exerts a downward pressure due to its own elastic deformation, so that the simulated reservoir 6 is vertically consolidated, and the fluid leaking from the sand layer surface can be blocked. Furthermore, by adjusting this pressurization, the degree of expansion of the three-dimensional reservoir assembly 1, i.e., the shape of the simulated reservoir 6, can be changed. Furthermore, if the amounts of deformation of the intermediate panel 14 and the lower panel 15 differ, a large shear force will be generated in the outer peripheral fixing portion of the lower gasket 16b sandwiched between them. Therefore, from the standpoint of preventing leakage of pressurized fluid and reducing deterioration of the lower gasket 16b, it is advisable to make the thickness of the lower panel 15 the sum of the thicknesses of the upper panel 11 and the intermediate panel 14. 8) The pressure is kept constant until the end of the demonstration experiment by the above-mentioned pressure regulation system 5. If an incompressible fluid such as water or hydraulic oil is used as the pressurized fluid 55, the volume of the chamber 55 can be kept constant by closing the pressure valve 19. 9) Remove the plugs of the one-touch joints 10 on the periphery of the anticline (zone with an expansion contour of less than 10 mm) and inject simulated oil from the one-touch joints 10 at the high points (four places with an expansion contour of 15 mm or more). If the difference in elevation between the periphery of the anticline and the high point of the structure is large, water may flow out of the one-touch joints on the periphery before hydraulic pressure is applied, and air may enter the simulated sand layer 6 at the high point. Therefore, it is advisable to first connect the tube for hydraulic pressure application and then remove the plugs on the periphery. In addition, it is preferable to select a simulated oil from an oily liquid that is not corrosive to the panels and gaskets that constitute the reservoir assembly 1 and has a density and viscosity close to that of actual crude oil. For example, it is selected from light oil, heavy oil, engine oil, transmission / power steering oil, and other hydraulic oils. In addition, the above-mentioned oils may be mixed to adjust the viscosity and density. After injecting the oil, the oil is aged (left to stand) for about one day to homogenize the distribution of the oil in the simulated sand layer 6. Ultimately, the hydraulic zone / high oil saturation zone 61 is concentrated at the top of the anticline, and its periphery becomes the water saturation zone / low oil saturation zone 62, and the boundary between the two stabilizes in a manner that is roughly parallel to the contours of the simulated sand layer 6 (the contour bathymetry of the model).

[0030] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an arrangement of one-touch joints and a surface well arrangement according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] A total of 24 one-touch joints 10 are arranged in 3 rows and 8 columns on the upper panel 11 of the reservoir assembly 1, and the one-touch joints 10 to be used are determined according to the distribution of oil in the simulated sand layer 6. For example, the one-touch joints C23 to C26 at the high point of the anticline are used as simulated production wells, and the one-touch joints C12 to C17, C21, C28, and C32 to C37 around them are used as simulated injection wells, so that the behavior of the reservoir during oil field production by water flooding can be demonstrated. It is also possible to change the roles of production wells and injection wells depending on the production stage. For example, the one-touch joints C22 and C27 located near the boundary between the oil zone and the water zone can be used as production wells to recover oil in the early production stage, while they can also be switched to injection wells when the water content of the product increases due to a decline in oil production. Preferably, real or fictitious topographical or urban maps can be drawn on the surface panel assembly 3 to replicate actual oil field production site efforts, such as drilling directional wells while avoiding public facilities and residential areas.

[0032] <Second embodiment>

[0033] FIG. 5 shows an expansion displacement (contour), top view and cross-sectional view of a reservoir assembly according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In this embodiment, the expansion of the central part of the reservoir assembly 1 is suppressed by adding a horizontal frame 17c to the upper and lower steel frames that hold down each panel and gasket when assembling the reservoir assembly 1. Since the horizontal frame 17c is fixed only at both ends, the central part is pressed down by the upper panel 11 and the lower panel 15 while being allowed to deform to a certain extent. This allows a saddle and two high points to be formed in the anticline structure. In addition, by changing the dimensions, material, and mounting position of the horizontal frame 17c, the degree to which the expansion is suppressed (the shape and location of the saddle) can be set over a wide range.

[0035] The above embodiment is merely one of the best modes currently available. The structure, shape, materials, arrangement of members, specifications and connection method, control system, and the like of the present invention may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 1: Reservoir assembly 2: Lift stand assembly 3: Terrain panel 4: Well group 5: Pressure regulation system 6: Simulated sand layer 10: One-touch fitting 11: Top panel 12: Spacer 13: Simulated well 14: Middle panel 15: Lower panel 16a: Upper gasket 16b: Lower gasket 17a: Upper steel frame 17b: Lower steel frame 17c: Steel horizontal frame 18: C-clamp 19: Pressure valve 21: Telescopic pole fixing part 22: Telescopic pole adjustment part 23: Telescopic pole movable part 30: Scale 31: Injection well piping 32: Injection well valve 33: Production well piping 34: Production well valve 35: Product storage tank 36: Separator 37: Injection water tank 38: Surface facility model to represent airport site, etc. 39: Oil field production base 41: Injection well tube 42: Production well tube 50: Compressor 51: High pressure side piping 52: Pressure control regulator valve 53: Pressure regulator valve for controlling injection pressure 54: Low pressure piping 55: Chamber / Pressurized Fluid 60: Contour line / Contour line 61: Hydraulic entry zone / high oil saturation zone 62: Water saturation zone / low oil saturation zone 63:Water / oil boundary line 64: Strike and distance of inclined well 65: Outline of reservoir assembly and extent of sand model AA′: Line along the anticline axis BB′: Line crossing the anticline

Claims

1. This is a demonstration experimental device for recovering oil from a reservoir assembly which has a multi-layer structure consisting of three or more elastically deformable plate-like members (panels), in which a frame-shaped spacer is sandwiched between the upper and middle panels and filled with granular material and simulated fluid to create a simulated geological layer, and which can then be inflated in an anticline shape by injecting pressurized fluid between the middle and lower panels.

2. 2. The demonstration experimental device according to claim 1, wherein one or more of polycarbonate plates, PVC plates, acrylic plates, PET plates, metal plates, and other non-water-permeable resin plates are used as plate-shaped members, and a transparent material is used for at least the upper panel.

3. The demonstration experimental apparatus of claim 1, in which compressed air, water, or hydraulic oil is used as a pressurized fluid to be injected between the middle panel and the lower panel, and the pressure is controlled to adjust the expansion of the reservoir assembly and the vertical confining pressure on the sand layer.

4. 2. The demonstration and experimental apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a surface panel assembly having a real or imaginary map or topographical map above the reservoir assembly, on which working models of surface equipment such as well valves, piping, separators, tanks, etc. can be freely arranged.

5. 2. The demonstration experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of joints are arranged on the upper panel and connected to an operating model of a surface facility, thereby enabling fluid injection into the simulated reservoir and fluid recovery from the simulated reservoir to be performed simultaneously.

6. 2. The demonstration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lifting device allows the vertical distance between the surface panel assembly and the reservoir assembly to be adjusted.

7. 2. The demonstration experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the simulated reservoir can be adjusted by adding one or more horizontal frames to the steel frame to suppress the expansion of a portion of the reservoir assembly.

8. The demonstration experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the spacer can be changed to reproduce simulated reservoirs other than anticline structures, such as extinction, unconformity, and faults.

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