Plug-out Power Supply

Abstract

To provide a plug-out power supply device that does not require high-voltage resistance characteristics, can be manufactured at low cost, and can supply power to the outside from automobiles other than EVs. [Solution] The plug-out power supply device includes a boost circuit that boosts the low-voltage DC input from the vehicle to a medium-voltage DC that is higher than the low voltage, an AC / DC converter that converts the input commercial AC voltage to a medium-voltage DC that is higher than the low voltage, and a charge control circuit that charges an external battery installed outside the vehicle with the medium-voltage DC input from the boost circuit and the medium-voltage DC input from the AC / DC converter using an optimal charging profile.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a plug-out power supply device that supplies power from a vehicle, including an EV (electric vehicle), a hybrid vehicle, and an internal combustion engine vehicle, to an external device. [Background technology]

[0002] A plug-out power supply device is generally a device that supplies power from the drive battery of an EV or hybrid vehicle to an external location such as a home, and is configured to supply power from the drive battery to an external location via a connector connected to the EV's high-speed charging port in the event of a power outage or emergency.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes a power supply system that enables bidirectional power supply between a car battery and a home battery. This system is configured to switch between plug-in power supply, which supplies power from the home's power source to the car, and plug-out power supply, which supplies power from the car battery to the home, based on the state of the car's battery and the state of the commercial power supply supplied to the home. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4781425 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] According to the power supply system described in Patent Document 1, when plug-out power is supplied, power is supplied to the outside from the EV's high-speed charging port, making it possible to quickly charge batteries installed in homes, etc.

[0006] However, this power supply system requires the control of high DC voltage (e.g., DC 300 to 600 V), which requires the device used for plug-out power supply to withstand high voltages, and has the problem of complicated configurations and high manufacturing costs. Another problem is that plug-out power supply is only possible in EVs and hybrid vehicles that have high-voltage drive batteries. Furthermore, particularly in EVs, there is the problem that plug-out power supply is completely impossible after the drive battery is completely discharged.

[0007] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and its purpose is to provide a plug-out power supply device that does not require high-voltage resistance, can be manufactured inexpensively, and can supply power to the outside from vehicles other than EVs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] According to the present invention, the plug-out power supply device includes a boost circuit that boosts the low-voltage DC input from the vehicle to a medium-voltage DC that is higher than the low voltage, an AC / DC converter that converts the input commercial AC voltage to a medium-voltage DC that is higher than the low voltage, and a charge control circuit that charges an external battery installed outside the vehicle using an optimal charging profile with the medium-voltage DC input from the boost circuit and the medium-voltage DC input from the AC / DC converter.

[0009] Low-voltage DC (nominal 12V) from the vehicle is boosted to medium-voltage DC by a boost circuit and input to the charge control circuit. Medium-voltage here refers to a voltage of approximately 30 to 150V, higher than low voltage, and corresponds to a voltage below the output voltage of a single or multiple solar panels and the maximum allowable voltage of the charge control circuit. Typically, the output voltage of a single solar panel is 34.3V DC, while two panels connected in series output 68.6V DC, and four panels in series output 137.2V DC. In most cases, two solar panels are used in series. Commercial AC voltage (nominal 100V AC) is converted to a DC voltage near 100V by an AC-DC converter and input to the charge control circuit. The charge control circuit controls power based on the input DC voltage (maximum voltage 150V DC) and a charging profile appropriate for the battery to be charged. As a result, the external battery connected to the output side of the charge control circuit is optimally charged. The plug-out power supply device of the present invention is composed of a circuit that boosts low voltage to medium voltage and a circuit that converts AC to DC, so it has a simple configuration and can be manufactured inexpensively. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the plug-out power supply device of the present invention can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, plug-out power can be supplied from internal combustion engine vehicles other than EVs and hybrid vehicles (e.g., motorcycles, gasoline cars, diesel cars, etc. that have low-voltage (nominal voltage 12V) batteries). In EVs and hybrid vehicles, plug-out power can be supplied from a low-voltage (nominal voltage 12V) auxiliary battery.

[0010] It is preferable that the power supply further comprises a first current limiting circuit that limits the current of a low-voltage DC input from the vehicle and outputs it to the boost circuit, and a second current limiting circuit that limits the current of an input commercial AC voltage and outputs it to the AC / DC converter. The low-voltage DC voltage (nominal voltage 12V) from the vehicle is current-limited (limited to 5 to 10A) by the first current limiting circuit. The commercial AC voltage (nominal AC 100V) is current-limited (limited to 2 to 15A) by the second current limiting circuit.

[0011] It is also preferable that the power supply comprises a voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit having a boost circuit, an AC / DC converter, a first current limiting circuit, a second current limiting circuit, a first input terminal for inputting low-voltage DC from an automobile, a second input terminal for inputting commercial AC voltage, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal, wherein the input of the first current limiting circuit is connected to the first input terminal, the output of the first current limiting circuit is connected to the input of the boost circuit, the output of the boost circuit is connected to the input of the charging control circuit via the first output terminal, the input of the second current limiting circuit is connected to the second input terminal, the output of the second current limiting circuit is connected to the input of the AC / DC converter, and the output of the AC / DC converter is connected to the input of the charging control circuit via the second output terminal.

[0012] In this case, it is also preferable that the first input terminal is connected to the cigarette lighter circuit of the automobile or directly connected to the terminal of the automobile's on-board battery.

[0013] It is also preferable that the outputs of the plurality of series-connected solar power generation panels are connected to the inputs of the charge control circuit.

[0014] It is also preferable that the boost circuit is a circuit that boosts an input low DC voltage to a medium voltage that corresponds to the output voltage of a plurality of solar power generation panels connected in series.

[0015] It is also preferable that the first current limiting circuit is a circuit that limits the input low-voltage DC voltage to a current of 5 to 10A.

[0016] It is also preferable that the second current limiting circuit is a circuit that limits the input commercial AC voltage to a current of 2 to 15A.

[0017] It is also preferable that the external battery is a lithium ion battery or a lead acid battery installed in the home.

[0018] It is also preferable that the device further comprises an output terminal for outputting a DC voltage of nominal DC 48V from the external battery.

[0019] It is also preferable to further include an AC / DC converter circuit that converts the DC voltage from the external battery into an AC voltage of nominal 100V AC.

[0020] It is also preferable to further include an AC / DC converter circuit that converts the DC voltage from the external battery into an AC voltage of nominal 200V AC. [Effects of the Invention]

[0021] According to the present invention, the plug-out power supply device is composed of a circuit that boosts low voltage (nominal voltage 12V) to medium voltage (approximately 30 to 150V) and a circuit that converts AC to DC, so it has a simple configuration and can be manufactured inexpensively. This allows for a significant reduction in the manufacturing cost of the plug-out power supply device. Furthermore, plug-out power can be supplied from internal combustion engine vehicles other than EVs and hybrid vehicles (e.g., motorcycles, gasoline vehicles, diesel vehicles, etc., which have low-voltage batteries). In EVs and hybrid vehicles, plug-out power can be supplied from a low-voltage auxiliary battery. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a plug-out power supply device according to the present invention; [Figure 2] 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of another embodiment of a plug-out power supply device according to the present invention; FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] 1 shows a schematic configuration of one embodiment of a plug-out power supply device according to the present invention. This embodiment is a plug-out power supply device that supplies power from an onboard battery 12, a solar panel 15, and / or a commercial power source 13 of an internal combustion engine vehicle to a lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 installed outside the vehicle, such as in a home, and can be used as a V2H (vehicle-to-home) power supply device. In a modification of this embodiment, an auxiliary battery of an EV or hybrid vehicle is used instead of the onboard battery 12 of the internal combustion engine vehicle.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 1, a plug-out power supply device 10 of this embodiment includes a voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 and a charge control circuit 14.

[0025] The voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 includes an input terminal 11a (corresponding to the first input terminal of the present invention) connected to an on-board battery 12 of an internal combustion engine vehicle via a cigarette lighter terminal 12a, an input terminal 11b (corresponding to the first input terminal of the present invention) connected to the on-board battery 12 via its positive and negative battery terminals 12b, and an input terminal 11c (corresponding to the second input terminal of the present invention) connected to a nominal AC 100V commercial power source 13. The voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 further includes a current limiting circuit 11d (corresponding to the first current limiting circuit of the present invention) whose input is connected to the input terminal 11a, and a boost circuit 11c (corresponding to the second input terminal of the present invention) whose input is connected to the output of the current limiting circuit 11d. 1e, a current limiting circuit and reverse connection prevention circuit 11f (corresponding to the first current limiting circuit of the present invention) whose input is connected to input terminal 11b, a boost circuit 11g whose input is connected to the output of the current limiting circuit and reverse connection prevention circuit 11f, a current limiting circuit 11h whose input is connected to input terminal 11c (corresponding to the second input terminal of the present invention), an AC / DC conversion circuit 11i whose input is connected to the output of the current limiting circuit 11h, an output terminal 11j (corresponding to the first output terminal of the present invention) connected to the outputs of the boost circuits 11e and 11g, and an output terminal 11k (corresponding to the second output terminal of the present invention) connected to the output of the AC / DC conversion circuit 11i.

[0026] Output terminals 11j and 11k of voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 are connected to the input of charge control circuit 14, and the other input of charge control circuit 14 is connected to the output of solar power generation panel 15. The output of charge control circuit 14 is connected to a lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 (corresponding to the external battery of the present invention) installed outside the vehicle, such as in a house.

[0027] The charge control circuit 14 is a so-called battery charger configured to charge the lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 using a charge profile optimized for the battery 16 to be charged. As a mere example, the charge control circuit 14 of this embodiment can be a charge controller MPPT150 / 100 from Next Energy & Resources Co., Ltd. This charge control circuit 14 is adaptable to an input of 30 to 150 VDC, which is adapted to the output voltage of the solar power generation panel 15. This charge controller has specifications for a maximum input of 150 VDC, a maximum battery current of 100 A, and a system voltage of 12 V, 24 V, or 48 V. The charge profile of the charge control circuit 14 is set appropriately depending on whether the lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 is a lithium-ion battery or a lead-acid battery.

[0028] The current limiting circuit 11d and current limiting circuit & reverse connection prevention circuit 11f of the voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 can be configured using a simple constant current circuit using a power transistor because the input is a nominal DC 12V. In this embodiment, a 5 to 10 A constant current circuit is used. Reverse connection prevention can be achieved by connecting a diode in series to the circuit. The boost circuit 11e and boost circuit 11g can be configured using a DC / DC step-up converter, and boost the nominal DC 12V to DC 30 to 150V, which corresponds to the output voltage of the solar power generation panel 15.

[0029] The current limiting circuit 11h of the voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 can be configured by controlling the duty ratio using a power thyristor since the input is a nominal AC 100V. In this embodiment, the input nominal AC 100V is current-limited to 2 to 15A.

[0030] The AC / DC conversion circuit 11i of the voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 is configured to convert input nominal AC 100V into DC 30 to 150V corresponding to the output voltage of the solar power generation panel 15 using an AC / DC converter.

[0031] In this embodiment, the solar panel 15 uses multiple solar cell modules with an output voltage of DC 34.3V. Specifically, two Panasonic Corporation solar cell modules, VBM375EA01N, are connected in series and three in parallel. Each solar cell module has an output of 375W, 34.3V, and 10.94A, so six modules can produce an output of 2.25kW, and two modules in series can produce an output of 68.6V.

[0032] In this embodiment, the lithium ion battery or lead storage battery 16 is a battery pack of lithium iron phosphate batteries (LiFeP04), and its output is DC 51.2V, 200AH.

[0033] Next, the operation of the plug-out power supply device 10 of this embodiment will be described.

[0034] When a nominal DC 12V DC voltage from an in-vehicle battery 12 is applied to input terminal 11a of voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 via cigarette lighter terminal 12a of the automobile, this DC voltage is current-limited (limited to 5 to 10 A) by current limiting circuit 11d and applied to boost circuit 11e. The DC voltage (DC 30 to 150 V) boosted by boost circuit 11e is input to charging control circuit 14 via output terminal 11j, and this charging control circuit 14 controls the power with a charging profile appropriate for charging a lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16, thereby charging this lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16.

[0035] Furthermore, when a DC voltage of 12 V DC from the vehicle battery 12 is applied to the input terminal 11b of the voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 via the positive and negative battery terminals 12b of the vehicle battery 12, this DC voltage is prevented from being reverse-connected by the current limiting circuit and reverse connection prevention circuit 11f, and the current is limited (limited to 5 to 10 A) before being applied to the boost circuit 11g. The DC voltage (DC 30 to 150 V) boosted by the boost circuit 11g is input to the charge control circuit 14 via the output terminal 11j, and the charge control circuit 14 controls the power with a charge profile appropriate for charging the lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16, thereby charging the lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16.

[0036] Furthermore, when a commercial AC voltage (nominal AC 100V) from a commercial power source 13 is applied to input terminal 11c of voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11, this AC voltage is current-limited (limited to 2 to 15A) by current limiting circuit 11h, and is further converted to a DC voltage (DC 30 to 150V) by AC / DC conversion circuit 11i and output via output terminal 11k. The output DC voltage is input to charging control circuit 14, and charging control circuit 14 controls the power using a charging profile appropriate for charging the lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16, and charging of this lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 is carried out.

[0037] As described above, the plug-out power supply device 10 of this embodiment can appropriately charge a lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 installed outside the vehicle, such as in a house, at low voltage from the onboard battery 12, commercial power source 13, and solar power generation panel 15. Furthermore, since the voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 is composed of a circuit that boosts low voltage to a medium voltage and a circuit that converts AC / DC, it does not require high-voltage resistance, has a simple configuration, and can be manufactured inexpensively. As a result, the plug-out power supply device of this embodiment can significantly reduce manufacturing costs.

[0038] 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment of the plug-out power supply device of the present invention. This embodiment is configured to supply nominal DC 48V, nominal AC 100V, and nominal AC 200V power to an external device from a lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 installed outside the vehicle, such as in a house.

[0039] The plug-out power supply device 10' of this embodiment includes a voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 and a charge control circuit 14. The configurations and operations of the voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit 11 and the charge control circuit 14 are the same as those in the embodiment of Fig. 1, so the same reference numerals are used and their explanations are omitted. Furthermore, the configurations and operations of the solar panel 15 and the lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 are also the same, so their explanations are omitted.

[0040] The plug-out power supply device 10′ in this embodiment includes a sine wave inverter 18 and a sine wave inverter 20, which are not present in the embodiment of Fig. 1. In this embodiment, the output of the lithium ion battery or lead acid battery 16 is directly connected to a DC 48V output terminal 17, and is further connected to an AC 100V output terminal 19 via the sine wave inverter 18, and is also connected to an AC 200V output terminal 21 via the sine wave inverter 20.

[0041] The sine wave inverter 18 is a DC / AC inverter with a nominal input of 48V DC and a nominal output of 100V AC, 3.0kVA, and uses the VF3007-48VDC-AC100VAC from Miraisha Co., Ltd. The sine wave inverter 20 is a DC / AC inverter with a nominal input of 48V DC and a nominal output of 200V AC, 3.0kVA, and uses the VF3007-48VDC-AC200VAC from Miraisha Co., Ltd.

[0042] Next, the operation of the plug-out power supply device 10' of this embodiment will be described.

[0043] The operation relating to charging of the lithium ion battery or lead storage battery 16 is the same as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0044] Regarding power supply from the lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16, a nominal DC voltage of 48 V DC (actually DC 51.2 V) from the lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16, which is a battery pack, is output as is from a DC 48 V output terminal 17. The nominal DC 48 V DC voltage from the lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 is converted to a nominal AC 100 V AC voltage by a sine wave inverter 18 and output from an AC 100 V output terminal 19. The nominal DC 48 V DC voltage from the lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 is converted to a nominal AC 200 V AC voltage by a sine wave inverter 20 and output from an AC 200 V output terminal 21. This nominal AC 200 V AC voltage is used to charge the EV's onboard battery (drive battery, auxiliary battery).

[0045] The plug-out power supply device 10' of this embodiment can appropriately charge a lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 installed outside the vehicle, such as a residential one, at low voltage from an on-board battery 12, a commercial power source 13, and a solar power generation panel 15. Furthermore, it can supply a nominal DC voltage of 48 V, a nominal AC voltage of 100 V, and a nominal AC voltage of 200 V from the lithium-ion battery or lead-acid battery 16 installed outside the vehicle, such as a residential one. In this case, high-voltage resistance characteristics are not required, the configuration is simple, and the device can be manufactured inexpensively. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the plug-out power supply device of this embodiment can be reduced.

[0046] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and are not limiting. The present invention can be embodied in various other modified and altered forms. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined only by the claims and their equivalents. [Explanation of symbols]

[0047] 10, 10' Plug-out Power Supply 11 Voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuits 11a, 11b, 11c input terminals 11d, 11h Current limiting circuit 11e, 11g boost circuit 11f Current limiting circuit & reverse connection prevention circuit 11i AC / DC converter 11j, 11k output terminal 12. Car battery 12a cigarette lighter terminal 12b Positive and negative battery terminals 13 Commercial power supply 14 Charging control circuit 15. Solar panels 16 Lithium-ion or lead-acid batteries 17 DC48V output terminal 18, 20 sine wave inverter 19 AC100V output terminal 21 AC200V output terminal

Claims

1. 1. A plug-out power supply device comprising: a boost circuit that boosts low-voltage DC input from an automobile to a medium-voltage DC that is higher than the low voltage; an AC / DC converter that converts the input commercial AC voltage to a medium-voltage DC that is higher than the low voltage; and a charge control circuit that charges an external battery provided outside the automobile using an optimal charging profile with the medium-voltage DC input from the boost circuit and the medium-voltage DC input from the AC / DC converter.

2. 2. The plug-out power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising: a first current limiting circuit that limits the current of a low-voltage DC input from an automobile and outputs the current to the boost circuit; and a second current limiting circuit that limits the current of an input commercial AC voltage and outputs the current to the AC-DC converter.

3. the power supply comprises a voltage conversion and AC / DC conversion circuit having the boost circuit, the AC / DC converter, the first current limiting circuit, the second current limiting circuit, a first input terminal for inputting a low-voltage DC from an automobile, a second input terminal for inputting a commercial AC voltage, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal; 3. The plug-out power supply device of claim 2, wherein an input of the first current limiting circuit is connected to the first input terminal, an output of the first current limiting circuit is connected to an input of the boost circuit, an output of the boost circuit is connected to an input of the charging control circuit via the first output terminal, an input of the second current limiting circuit is connected to the second input terminal, an output of the second current limiting circuit is connected to an input of the AC / DC converter, and an output of the AC / DC converter is connected to the input of the charging control circuit via the second output terminal.

4. 4. The plug-out power supply of claim 3, wherein the first input terminal is connected to a cigarette lighter circuit of the vehicle or directly to an on-board battery terminal of the vehicle.

5. 2. The plug-out power supply device of claim 1, wherein the outputs of a plurality of series-connected photovoltaic panels are connected to the inputs of the charge control circuit.

6. 6. The plug-out power supply device according to claim 5, wherein the boost circuit is a circuit that boosts an input low-voltage DC voltage to a medium voltage corresponding to the output voltage of the plurality of solar power generation panels connected in series.

7. 3. The plug-out power supply device according to claim 2, wherein the first current limiting circuit is a circuit that limits an input low-voltage DC voltage to a current of 5 to 10 A.

8. 3. The plug-out power supply device according to claim 2, wherein the second current limiting circuit is a circuit that limits the input commercial AC voltage to a current of 2 to 15 A.

9. 2. The plug-out power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the external battery is a lithium-ion battery or a lead-acid battery installed in a house.

10. 10. The plug-out power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising an output terminal for outputting a DC voltage from the external battery as a nominal DC voltage of 48V.

11. 10. The plug-out power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising an AC / DC converter circuit for converting a DC voltage from the external battery into an AC voltage of nominal 100V AC.

12. 10. The plug-out power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising an AC / DC converter circuit for converting a DC voltage from the external battery into an AC voltage of nominal 200V AC.

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