Construction Machinery

Abstract

To easily and safely connect a hydraulic pipe of a hydraulic pin to a coupler on an upper frame side with a simple configuration with a small number of parts.SOLUTION: A construction machine includes: a sub frame 5 which is mounted on a pair of vertical plates 8 of an upper frame 4 in an attachable / detachable manner; a work device which is mounted on the sub frame 5 in an attachable / detachable manner; a hydraulic pin 10 which is provided on the sub frame 5 and is extendible / contractible between a fixing position where the sub frame 5 is fixed to the pair of vertical plates 8 and a decomposition position where the sub frame 5 is decomposable from the pair of vertical plates 8, by a hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic power source provided on the upper frame 4; and a sub frame side hydraulic pipe 20 whose tip side is connected to the hydraulic pin 10 and base end side is attachable / detachable to / from an upper frame side coupler 32 to which a hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic power source is supplied. In the sub frame side hydraulic pipe 20, a sub frame side switching valve 21 which enables switching between a state where the hydraulic pin 10 is operable and a state where at least a part of the work device is operable is provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction machine having an upper frame formed with a pair of vertical plates extending forward and backward, a subframe removably attached to the pair of vertical plates, and a working device removably attached to the subframe. [Background technology]

[0002] In this type of construction machine, particularly a large one, it is necessary to disassemble it for transportation due to weight restrictions, etc. Therefore, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a boom mounting structure for mounting a boom to an upper frame is known.

[0003] In this boom mounting structure for a construction machine, the upper frame has a center section including a bottom plate and a pair of left and right vertical plates erected on the bottom plate, and a left guide hole and a right guide hole are formed on the outward facing surfaces of the pair of left and right vertical plates, and an adapter is attached to the base end side of the boom to rotatably connect the base end of the boom to the base end of a boom cylinder that raises and lowers the boom, and a left guide pin that is insertable and removably into the left guide hole and a right guide pin that is insertable and removably into the right guide hole are provided on the outward facing surfaces of the left and right side plates of the adapter, respectively, and when the boom is mounted to the upper frame, the left guide pin is inserted into the left guide hole and the right guide pin is inserted into the right guide hole. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2020-148075 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In such construction machines, when the subframe is placed between a pair of vertical plates, there is no space to insert connecting pins for attaching the subframe from the outside left and right, so one idea is to make the subframe detachable by extending and retracting an extendable hydraulic pin provided inside the insertion hole of the subframe.

[0006] Providing this extendable hydraulic pin on the subframe improves the ease of maintenance and disassembly / transportation on the upper frame side, but it means that the hydraulic pin is separated from the hydraulic source on the upper frame side, which means that hydraulic pressure needs to be supplied to the hydraulic pin from the hydraulic source provided on the upper frame, and therefore piping and connections must be provided to connect to the hydraulic source on the upper frame side, which creates problems of a complex configuration and an increased number of parts.

[0007] The present invention has been made in consideration of these points, and its object is to make it possible to easily and safely connect the hydraulic piping of a hydraulic pin to a coupler on the upper frame side using a simple configuration with a small number of parts. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, in this invention, the piping on the upper frame side that can be used for extending and retracting the hydraulic pin is used as power to operate at least a part of the working device after the subframe is connected.

[0009] Specifically, the first invention is directed to a construction machine including an upper frame having a pair of vertical plates extending forward and backward, a subframe detachably attached to the pair of vertical plates, and a working device detachably attached to the subframe, The above construction machinery is a hydraulic pin provided on the subframe and capable of expanding and contracting between a fixing position where the subframe is fixed to the pair of vertical plates and a disassembly position where the subframe can be disassembled from the pair of vertical plates by hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic source provided on the upper frame; a subframe side hydraulic piping having a tip end side connected to the hydraulic pin and a base end side configured to be detachably attached to an upper frame side coupler to which hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic source is supplied, The subframe side hydraulic piping has a switching valve that can switch between a state in which the hydraulic pin is operable and a state in which at least a portion of the working device is operable.

[0010] According to the above configuration, the hydraulic piping for operating the hydraulic pin that is not used during the operation of the working device after the assembly is completed can be utilized for the operation of at least a part of the working device, thereby reducing the number of hydraulic piping and connections just for operating the hydraulic pin. In particular, this meets the need to reduce the number of piping as much as possible, since large machines such as crushers have a large number of piping.

[0011] In the second invention, in the first invention, The switching valve is provided on the subframe or the working device.

[0012] According to the above configuration, the connecting piping to the upper frame is only for the pressure source, so the piping and connections can be further simplified. If the switching valve is located on the upper frame side, additional hydraulic piping for the working device is required, but by providing the switching valve on the subframe or the working device, the piping and connections can be omitted. If there is no space to install the switching valve on the subframe, it can be installed on the working device side.

[0013] In a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, A work scaffold for a worker to work on is provided on the upper frame, and the upper frame side coupler is provided adjacent to the work scaffold.

[0014] According to the above configuration, the sub-frame side hydraulic piping can be safely connected to the upper frame side coupler in a work scaffolding that provides good workability.

[0015] In a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, The upper frame side coupler is disposed on the working scaffold side of a piping fixing member provided with a coupler for connecting hydraulic piping for other hydraulic equipment of the working device.

[0016] According to the above configuration, in the piping fixing member in which a coupler for connecting hydraulic piping for other hydraulic equipment is arranged, the connection coupler is located on the front side as viewed from the work scaffold, providing good visibility and ease of operation.

[0017] In a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, A crusher is attached to the tip of the working device, and the sub-frame side hydraulic piping is configured to supply power to hydraulic equipment that operates the crusher.

[0018] According to the above-mentioned configuration, the hydraulic pressure required for the rotation function of the crusher, for example, can be lower than the hydraulic pressure required for the cylinder operation of other attachments such as the boom, arm, and bucket, making it suitable for other uses. Effect of the Invention

[0019] As described above, according to the present invention, the hydraulic piping of the hydraulic pin can be easily and safely connected to the coupler on the upper frame side with a simple configuration having a small number of parts. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0020] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention during the attachment work of a subframe and a boom. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention with a subframe and a boom attached thereto. [Diagram 3] FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view showing a pair of vertical plates and their surroundings with the hydraulic pins in a fixed position. [Figure 4A] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IVA-IVA in FIG. [Figure 4B] FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4A, showing the exploded position of the hydraulic pin. [Figure 5A] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VA-VA in FIG. [Figure 5B] FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view equivalent to FIG. 5A, showing the exploded position of the hydraulic pin. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the work scaffold and its surroundings. [Figure 7] 4 is an enlarged rear view of the piping fixing member and its periphery. FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram including a hydraulic pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0021] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0022] -Construction machinery configuration- As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a hydraulic excavator 1 as a construction machine according to this embodiment includes a lower traveling body 2, an upper rotating body 3, and a working device (not shown). The working device is not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, it is a crusher. When a crusher is attached to the hydraulic excavator 1, it becomes a demolition machine for demolishing buildings. For example, the working device (attachment) in this embodiment has multiple booms connected thereto, and a crusher attached to the tip of each boom, and therefore includes various actuators such as hydraulic cylinders that raise and lower the intermediate boom, hydraulic cylinders that open and close the crusher and rebar cutter, and hydraulic motors that rotate the crusher, rebar cutter, and the like.

[0023] The upper rotating body 3 includes an upper frame 4 shown in FIG. 2, and a working device is attached to the upper frame 4 via a subframe 5 shown in FIG. 3. The subframe 5 is an adapter for disassembling and assembling the boom 6 and boom cylinder 7 constituting the working device in an integrated state. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the boom 6 and the subframe 5 are connected by a boom foot pin 6a, the boom cylinder 7 and the subframe 5 are connected by a boom cylinder pin 7a, and the boom 6 and the boom cylinder 7 are connected by a cylinder connecting pin 7b. Although not shown, a plurality of intermediate booms are connected to the boom 6, and a crusher or the like is connected to the tip of the boom 6. The working device includes hydraulic cylinders for raising and lowering these intermediate booms, and hydraulic actuators for rotating the crusher, opening and closing mechanisms, etc.

[0024] 3, the upper frame 4 includes a bottom plate 4a and a pair of left and right vertical plates 8 standing on the bottom plate 4a. Each of the vertical plates 8 is formed with a pair of pin insertion holes 8a at a predetermined interval, for example, for inserting two hydraulic pins 10 therethrough.

[0025] 4A, the subframe 5 has a pair of left and right side plates 5a, and each side plate 5a is composed of two plate members each having a pair of pin insertion holes 5b formed on the same axis. The two plate members constituting the side plate 5a face each other across a width that allows the insertion of the portion of the corresponding vertical plate 8 of the upper frame 4 into which the pair of pin insertion holes 8a are formed.

[0026] 4A and 4B, the subframe 5 is provided with a subframe-side pin connecting device 11. This subframe-side pin connecting device 11 is a device that connects a side plate 5a constituting the subframe 5 and a vertical plate 8 constituting the upper frame 4. As shown in Fig. 4A, the subframe-side pin connecting device 11 includes a pin hydraulic cylinder 12 including a cylinder rod 12a and a cylinder head 12b, and a hydraulic pin 10 equipped with an anti-rotation plate 14.

[0027] On the other hand, as shown in Figs. 5A and 5B, a similar upper frame side pin connecting device 11' is also provided on the upper frame 4 side.

[0028] The following will mainly describe the subframe-side pin connecting device 11. The pin hydraulic cylinder 12 is a hydraulic cylinder that strokes in the machine width direction (left and right direction), and is configured such that its cylinder rod 12a is fixed to a pin fixing bracket 15 erected on the subframe 5 side, and its cylinder head 12b side expands and contracts. This pin hydraulic cylinder 12 is arranged so that the cylinder head 12b expands from the pin fixing bracket 15 side toward the machine side, and contracts from the machine side toward the pin fixing bracket 15 side.

[0029] The hydraulic pin 10 has a thick-walled cylindrical hydraulic pin body 13, and is a component that connects the side plate 5a and the vertical plate 8 by inserting the hydraulic pin body 13 into the pin insertion hole 5b formed in the side plate 5a and the pin insertion hole 8a formed in the vertical plate 8. The hydraulic pin 10 is configured to be inserted into and removed from the pin insertion hole 5b and the pin insertion hole 8a by the extension and retraction of a cylinder head 12b of a pin hydraulic cylinder 12 provided inside. In other words, the hydraulic pin 10 is configured to be able to extend and retract between a fixed position where the subframe 5 is fixed to the pair of vertical plates 8 by using hydraulic pressure, and a disassembled position where the subframe 5 can be disassembled from the pair of vertical plates 8.

[0030] The anti-rotation plate 14 is a circular plate fixed to the contraction side end of the hydraulic pin body 13 with a plurality of bolts. As shown in Fig. 4A and Fig. 5A, the anti-rotation plate 14 has a protrusion 14a extending radially outward from the hydraulic pin 10 at a part of the outer edge, and anti-rotation bolts 14b provided to extend radially from the protrusions 14a of the hydraulic pin bodies 13 move within elongated holes 16a extending in the axial direction of an anti-rotation plate 16 provided on the subframe 5 side and extending in the axial direction, thereby preventing the hydraulic pin 10 from rotating. In addition, an exterior cover 17 (not shown) can be fixed to the anti-rotation plate 14.

[0031] On the other hand, the upper frame side pin connection device 11' differs from the subframe side pin connection device 11 mainly in that a pin fixing bracket 15 is fixed to the bottom plate 4a of the upper frame 4. In addition, the anti-rotation plate 14 moves within a long hole 16a of an anti-rotation plate 16 fixed to the bottom plate 4a, thereby being movable in the axial direction but prevented from rotating in the circumferential direction.

[0032] Further, on the upper frame 4, a work scaffold 30 is provided in front of the hydraulic tank 35 for a worker to perform piping work or the like.

[0033] -Hydraulic circuit- Next, a description will be given of the hydraulic circuit around the hydraulic pin 10. Although not shown in detail, the hydraulic source 34 is provided on the upper frame 4 side and includes a hydraulic pump driven by the engine or electric motor of the hydraulic excavator 1, a hydraulic tank 35, a control valve, etc.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 8, the hydraulic excavator 1 is equipped with a sub-frame side hydraulic piping 20 whose tip side is connected to the pin hydraulic cylinder 12 of the hydraulic pin 10 and whose base end side is configured to be detachably attached to an upper frame side coupler 32 to which hydraulic pressure is supplied from a hydraulic source 34.

[0035] In addition, the subframe side hydraulic piping 20 has a subframe side switching valve 21 that can be switched between a hydraulic pin operation position where the hydraulic pin 10 can be operated and a working device operation position where at least a part of the working device (in this embodiment, the rotating device) can be operated.

[0036] This subframe side switching valve 21 is provided on the boom 6 which serves as a working device. The subframe side switching valve 21 may be provided on the subframe 5. In this embodiment, the subframe side hydraulic piping 20 including the pin hydraulic cylinder and the subframe side switching valve 21 is transported together with the subframe 5 in a state separated from the hydraulic source 34. This reduces the weight on the upper frame 4 side and improves disassembly and transportability.

[0037] When the subframe side switching valve 21 is in the hydraulic pin operation position, the pin hydraulic cylinder 12 on the subframe 5 side can be operated to extend or retract by a subframe side pin operation valve 22 connected to the subframe side switching valve 21. On the other hand, when the subframe side switching valve 21 is in the working equipment operation position, the subframe side pin operation valve 22 is configured to be able to operate, for example, a rotation circuit of the working equipment.

[0038] On the other hand, the upper frame side hydraulic piping 20' of the upper frame side pin connection device 11' is connected to an upper frame side switching valve 21' provided on the upper frame 4 where the hydraulic source 34 is located. Unlike the subframe side hydraulic piping 20, the upper frame side hydraulic piping 20' is disassembled and transported together with the upper frame 4 where the hydraulic source 34 is located, and therefore remains connected even during disassembly and transport. For this reason, it is not necessary to attach or detach a coupler during assembly.

[0039] The pin hydraulic cylinder 12 on the upper frame 4 side can be extended or retracted by an upper frame side pin operating valve 22' connected to the upper frame side switching valve 21' when the upper frame side switching valve 21' is in the hydraulic pin operating position. On the other hand, when the upper frame side switching valve 21' is in the working device operating position, the upper frame side pin operating valve 22' is configured to be able to operate the rotation circuit of the working device.

[0040] As shown in Fig. 6, the upper frame side coupler 32 to which the coupler of the sub-frame side hydraulic piping 20 is connected is provided adjacent to the work scaffolding 30. As also shown in Fig. 7, the upper frame side coupler 32 is disposed closest to the work scaffolding 30 side of a piping fixing member 33 made of, for example, a horizontally extending metal frame provided with couplers for connecting hydraulic piping for other hydraulic equipment of the work equipment. In this way, the connection coupler is located on the front side of the work scaffolding 30, resulting in extremely good workability.

[0041] As described above, for example, a crusher is attached to the tip of the working device, and the subframe side hydraulic piping 20 is configured to supply power to the hydraulic equipment that rotates the crusher. The hydraulic pressure required for the crusher, particularly for its rotation function, is lower than the hydraulic pressure required for the cylinder operation of the boom, arm, and bucket, making it suitable for conversion.

[0042] -Subframe assembly procedure- Next, a procedure for assembling the subframe 5 according to this embodiment will be described.

[0043] First, as shown in FIG. 1, the subframe 5, coupled with the boom 6 and boom cylinder 7, is lifted by a crane (not shown) and brought close to a pair of vertical plates 8 of the upper frame 4. At this time, the worker cannot approach the subframe 5 or the like to avoid the danger of the subframe 5 or the like being swayed or dropped. The couplers of the subframe side hydraulic piping 20 are bundled in a location near the pin insertion hole 5b of the subframe 5 for good workability. As shown in FIG. 4B and FIG. 5B, the hydraulic pins 10 are all in the contracted disassembled position. In addition, the subframe side switching valve 21 and the upper frame side switching valve 21' are in the hydraulic pin operation position. The upper frame side hydraulic piping 20' remains connected to the hydraulic source 34.

[0044] Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the pin insertion holes 5b of the subframe 5 are aligned with the pin insertion holes 8a of the vertical plate 8.

[0045] For example, first, the pin hydraulic cylinder 12 of the hydraulic pin 10 on the upper frame 4 side that does not require a coupler connection is extended. Specifically, from the disassembled position shown in Fig. 5B, the upper frame side pin operating valve 22' is operated to extend the pin hydraulic cylinder 12 to the fixed position shown in Fig. 5A, and after the hydraulic pin 10 is completely inserted into the pin insertion holes 5b, 8a, the extension operation of the pin hydraulic cylinder 12 is stopped.

[0046] In this state, since the subframe 5 is partially fixed to the upper frame 4, an operator can approach the subframe 5 to perform work.

[0047] A worker stands on the work scaffold 30 and connects the coupler of the subframe side hydraulic piping 20 to the upper frame side coupler 32. At this time, the subframe side hydraulic piping 20 can be safely connected to the upper frame side coupler 32 on the work scaffold 30, which provides good workability. Note that the connection of the coupler may be completed before the hydraulic pin 10 on the upper frame 4 side is extended.

[0048] After the connection is completed, the subframe side pin operating valve 22 is operated to extend the pin hydraulic cylinder 12 from the disassembled position shown in Fig. 4B to the fixed position shown in Fig. 4B, and the hydraulic pin 10 is inserted into the pin insertion holes 5b, 8a, and then the extension operation of the pin hydraulic cylinder 12 is stopped. This ensures that the subframe 5 is connected to the upper frame 4.

[0049] Next, the subframe side switching valve 21 and the upper frame side switching valve 21' are switched to the working device operation position while keeping the subframe side hydraulic piping 20 connected. As a result, after the subframe 5 is assembled, the subframe side pin operating valve 22 and the upper frame 4 side pin operating valve 22' are used for operating the rotation operation of the crusher.

[0050] In this manner, in this embodiment, the number of hydraulic pipes and connections is reduced by switching the hydraulic piping for the hydraulic pin 10 that is not used during work after assembly is completed to the rotary circuit of the work machine. In particular, this meets the need to reduce the number of pipes as much as possible, since large machines such as crushers have a large number of pipes.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the subframe side switching valve 21 is disposed on the subframe 5 side, the connecting piping with the upper frame 4 is only for the pressure source, allowing for further simplification of the piping and connections. If the subframe side switching valve 21 is located on the upper frame 4 side, additional hydraulic piping for the working device would be required, but by providing the subframe side switching valve 21 on the subframe 5 or the working device (on the top surface of the boom 6 on the base end side), it is possible to omit the piping and connections.

[0052] Therefore, according to the hydraulic excavator 1 according to this embodiment, the hydraulic piping of the hydraulic pin 10 can be easily and safely connected to the upper frame side coupler 32 with a simple configuration having a small number of parts.

[0053] (Other embodiments) The present invention may be configured as follows with respect to the above embodiment.

[0054] That is, in the above embodiment, the construction machine is the hydraulic excavator 1 such as a demolition machine, but it is not limited to the demolition machine and may be a hydraulic excavator 1 having a bucket, or may be a crane or civil engineering machine other than the hydraulic excavator 1. In that case, the subframe side hydraulic piping 20 may be used as hydraulic piping for operating hydraulic equipment of the working gear after switching the subframe side switching valve.

[0055] It is also possible to fix the upper frame 4 and the subframe 5 together using an alignment structure different from the pin connecting device described above, and then connect the subframe side hydraulic piping 20 and insert the hydraulic pin 10.

[0056] In the above embodiment, the order of connecting the hydraulic pins 10 is such that the upper frame side pin connection device 11' is connected first, followed by the subframe side pin connection device 11. However, it is also possible to first temporarily fix the subframe side pin connection device 11 using an alignment structure located behind it, and then connect the piping of the subframe side pin connection device 11.

[0057] It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are essentially preferred examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, its applications, or uses. [Explanation of symbols]

[0058] 1. Hydraulic excavator (construction machinery) 2 Undercarriage 3. Upper rotating body 4 Upper Frame 4a bottom plate 5 Subframe 5a side plate 5b Pin insertion hole 6 Boom (working device) 6a Boom foot pin 7 Boom cylinder 7a Boom cylinder pin 7b Cylinder connecting pin 8 Pair of vertical boards 8a Pin insertion hole 10 Hydraulic pin 11 Subframe side pin connection device 11' Upper frame pin connection device 12 Pin Hydraulic Cylinder 12a Cylinder rod 12b Cylinder head 13 Hydraulic pin body 14 Anti-rotation plate 14a Protrusion 14b Bolt 15-pin mounting bracket 16 Plate 16a long hole 17 Exterior cover 20 Subframe side hydraulic piping 20' Upper frame hydraulic piping 21 Subframe side switching valve 21' Upper frame side switching valve 22 Subframe side pin operated valve 22' Upper frame pin operated valve 30 Work scaffolding 32 Upper frame side coupler 33 Fixing parts for piping 34 Hydraulic source 35 Hydraulic tank

Claims

1. A construction machine including an upper frame having a pair of vertical plates extending forward and backward, a subframe detachably attached to the pair of vertical plates, and a work device detachably attached to the subframe, a hydraulic pin provided on the subframe and capable of expanding and contracting between a fixing position where the subframe is fixed to the pair of vertical plates and a disassembly position where the subframe can be disassembled from the pair of vertical plates by hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic source provided on the upper frame; a subframe side hydraulic piping having a tip end side connected to the hydraulic pin and a base end side configured to be detachably attached to an upper frame side coupler to which hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic source is supplied, The subframe side hydraulic piping has a switching valve that can switch between a state in which the hydraulic pin is operable and a state in which at least a part of the working device is operable. A construction machine characterized by:

2. 2. The construction machine according to claim 1, The switching valve is provided on the subframe or the working device. A construction machine characterized by:

3. A construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, A work scaffold for workers to work on is provided on the upper frame, and the upper frame side coupler is provided adjacent to the work scaffold. A construction machine characterized by:

4. A construction machine according to claim 3, The upper frame side coupler is disposed on the work platform side of a piping fixing member provided with a coupler for connecting hydraulic piping for other hydraulic equipment of the working device. A construction machine characterized by:

5. A construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, A crusher is attached to the tip of the working device, and the subframe side hydraulic piping is configured to supply power to hydraulic equipment that operates the crusher. A construction machine characterized by:

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