Semiconductor Device

Abstract

To provide a flip-flop circuit and a driver circuit.SOLUTION: A flip-flop circuit provides a first to fifth input terminals and a first to third output terminals, the first input terminal is supplied with a first trigger signal, the second input terminal is supplied with a second trigger signal, the third input terminal is supplied with a batch selection signal, the fourth input terminal is supplied with a first pulse width modulation signal, and the fifth input terminal is supplied with a second pulse width modulation signal. The first output terminal supplies a first selection signal based on the first pulse width modulation signal during the period from the supply of the first trigger signal to the supply of the second trigger signal, the first output terminal supplies the first selection signal during the period in which the batch selection signal is supplied, the second output terminal supplies a second selection signal based on the second pulse width modulation signal during the period from the supply of the first trigger signal to the supply of the second trigger signal, and the third output terminal supplies a third trigger signal.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] One embodiment of the present invention relates to a flip-flop circuit, a driver circuit, a display panel, a display device, an input / output device, a data processing device, or a semiconductor device.

[0002] Note that one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field. The technical field of one embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification relates to an object, a method, or a manufacturing method. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition of matter. Therefore, more specifically, examples of the technical field of one embodiment of the present invention disclosed in this specification include a semiconductor device, a display device, a light-emitting device, a power storage device, a memory device, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof. [Background technology]

[0003] A display device is known that independently controls the shifting of a selection signal in a shift register in a scanning line driving circuit and the supply of the selection signal to the scanning lines (Patent Document 1). This makes it possible to rewrite an image only in a desired area. The above operation is also achieved by providing wiring that supplies a clock signal or a signal indicating a fixed potential. Therefore, a display device having such wiring can simplify the circuit configuration, including the wiring, while being a display device capable of partial driving. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2011-209714 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a novel flip-flop circuit with excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability. Another object is to provide a novel driver circuit with excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability. Another object is to provide a novel display panel with excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability. Another object is to provide a novel display device with excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability. Another object is to provide a novel input / output device with excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability. Another object is to provide a novel information processing device with excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability. Another object is to provide a novel flip-flop circuit, a novel driver circuit, a novel display panel, a new display device, a new input / output device, a new information processing device, or a new semiconductor device.

[0006] Note that the description of these problems does not preclude the existence of other problems. Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily solve all of these problems. Note that problems other than these will become apparent from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and it is possible to extract problems other than these from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] (1) One aspect of the present invention is a flip-flop circuit SR(i) having a first input terminal LIN(i), a second input terminal RIN(i), a third input terminal E(i), a fourth input terminal A(i), a fifth input terminal B(i), a first output terminal G1(i), a second output terminal G2(i), and a third output terminal OUT(i).

[0008] The first input terminal LIN(i) is supplied with a first trigger signal, the second input terminal RIN(i) is supplied with a second trigger signal, the third input terminal E(i) is supplied with a global selection signal, the fourth input terminal A(i) is supplied with a first pulse width modulated signal, and the fifth input terminal B(i) is supplied with a second pulse width modulated signal.

[0009] The first output terminal G1(i) has a function of supplying a first selection signal based on the first pulse width modulated signal during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied, and the first output terminal G1(i) has a function of supplying the first selection signal during the period when the collective selection signal is being supplied.

[0010] The second output terminal G2(i) supplies a second selection signal based on the second pulse width modulated signal during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied.

[0011] The third output terminal OUT(i) provides a third trigger signal.

[0012] (2) Also, one aspect of the present invention is the above-mentioned flip-flop circuit SR(i) having a first transistor M13, a second transistor M23, a third transistor M7, a node GN1(i), and a first wiring GVSS.

[0013] The first transistor M13 has a gate electrode electrically connected to the node GN1(i), a first electrode electrically connected to the first output terminal G1(i), and a second electrode electrically connected to the third input terminal E(i). The first transistor M13 is in a non-conductive state during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied.

[0014] The second transistor M23 has a gate electrode electrically connected to the node GN1(i), a first electrode electrically connected to the second output terminal G2(i), and a second electrode electrically connected to the first wiring GVSS. The second transistor M23 is in a non-conductive state during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied.

[0015] The third transistor M7 has a gate electrode electrically connected to the node GN1(i), a first electrode electrically connected to the third output terminal OUT(i), and a second electrode electrically connected to the first wiring GVSS. The third transistor M7 is in a non-conductive state during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied.

[0016] This makes it possible to supply the first selection signal and the second selection signal during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied until when the second trigger signal is supplied. Alternatively, the first selection signal can be supplied during the period when the collective selection signal is supplied. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel flip-flop circuit that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0017] (3) Moreover, one aspect of the present invention is the above flip-flop circuit SR(i) having a fourth transistor M24 and a second wiring GVDD.

[0018] The fourth transistor M24 has a gate electrode electrically connected to the second wiring GVDD, a first electrode electrically connected to the node GN1(i), and a second electrode electrically connected to the gate electrode of the first transistor M13.

[0019] This makes it possible to make the fourth transistor M24 non-conductive during a period TB during which the collective selection signal is high, excluding the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied. Alternatively, it is possible to suppress the potential of the node GN1(i) to be lower than the potential supplied by GVDD minus the threshold voltage of the transistor M24. Alternatively, it is possible to suppress the stress caused by the rise in the potential of the node GN1(i) on the first transistor M13, the second transistor M23, the third transistor M7, the transistor M5, and the transistor M18. Alternatively, it is possible to suppress the stress caused by the rise in the potential of the node GN1(i) on the transistor M15 and the transistor M19. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel flip-flop circuit that is excellent in convenience, usefulness, and reliability.

[0020] (4) Another embodiment of the present invention is a driver circuit GD having a group of flip-flop circuits SR(1) to SR(m+2) and a third wiring VEE.

[0021] The group of flip-flop circuits SR(1) to SR(m+2) includes the first flip-flop circuit SR(i), the second flip-flop circuit SR(i+1), and the third flip-flop circuit SR(i+2).

[0022] The second flip-flop circuit SR(i+1) is electrically connected to the first flip-flop circuit SR(i), the second flip-flop circuit SR(i+1) is electrically connected to the third flip-flop circuit SR(i+2), and the second flip-flop circuit SR(i+1) is supplied with a third trigger signal.

[0023] The third flip-flop circuit SR(i+2) provides the second trigger signal.

[0024] The third wiring VEE supplies a collective selection signal and is electrically connected to a group of flip-flop circuits SR(1) to SR(m+2).

[0025] This allows the group of flip-flop circuits to supply the first selection signal in a predetermined order. Alternatively, the group of flip-flop circuits to supply the second selection signal in a predetermined order. Alternatively, the group of flip-flop circuits to supply the first selection signal all at once. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel drive circuit that is excellent in convenience, usefulness, and reliability.

[0026] (5) Another embodiment of the present invention is a display panel including a display area 231 and the above-described driver circuit GD.

[0027] The display area 231 includes a first scanning line GL1(i), a second scanning line GL2(i), a first signal line SL1(j), a second signal line SL2(j), and pixels 702(i,j).

[0028] Pixel 702(i,j) includes a display element 750(i,j) and a pixel circuit 530(i,j).

[0029] Display element 750(i,j) is electrically connected to pixel circuit 530(i,j).

[0030] The pixel circuit 530(i,j) is electrically connected to a first scanning line GL1(i), a second scanning line GL2(i), a first signal line SL1(j), and a second signal line SL2(j).

[0031] The first scanning line GL1(i) is electrically connected to the first output terminal G1(i), and the second scanning line GL2(i) is electrically connected to the second output terminal G2(i).

[0032] This allows the first selection signal to be supplied to the first scanning line GL1(i). Alternatively, the second selection signal can be supplied to the second scanning line GL2(i). Alternatively, the pixel 702(i,j) can be driven using the first selection signal or the second selection signal. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable can be provided.

[0033] (6) Another embodiment of the present invention is the above-described display panel, in which the display area 231 includes a group of pixels 702(i,1) to 702(i,n) and another group of pixels 702(1,j) to 702(m,j).

[0034] The group of pixels 702(i,1) to 702(i,n) are arranged in a row direction, and the group of pixels 702(i,1) to 702(i,n) includes pixel 702(i,j).

[0035] Another group of pixels 702(1,j) through 702(m,j) are arranged in a column direction that intersects with the row direction, and the other group of pixels 702(1,j) through 702(m,j) includes pixel 702(i,j).

[0036] A first scan line GL1(i) is electrically connected to a group of pixels 702(i,1) to 702(i,n), and a second scan line GL2(i) is electrically connected to a group of pixels 702(i,1) to 702(i,n).

[0037] The first signal line SL1(j) is electrically connected to another group of pixels 702(1,j) through 702(m,j), and the second signal line SL2(j) is electrically connected to another group of pixels 702(1,j) through 702(m,j).

[0038] This makes it possible to supply image information to a plurality of pixels, thereby providing a novel display panel that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0039] (7) Another embodiment of the present invention is the display panel described above, which has a functional layer 520. The functional layer 520 includes a driving circuit GD and a pixel circuit 530(i,j).

[0040] This makes it possible to form a semiconductor film used for the transistors of the driver circuit GD in the process of forming the semiconductor film used for the transistors of the pixel circuit 530(i,j). Alternatively, the number of components can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel display panel that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0041] (8) Another embodiment of the present invention is a display device including the above-described display panel 700 and a control unit 238.

[0042] The control unit 238 is supplied with the image information VI and the control information CI, generates the information V11 based on the image information VI, and generates a control signal SP based on the control information CI. The control unit 238 also supplies the information V11 and the control signal SP.

[0043] The display panel 700 is supplied with information V11 and a control signal SP, and pixel 702(i,j) performs display based on information V11.

[0044] This makes it possible to display image information using the display element, thereby providing a novel display device that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0045] (9) Another embodiment of the present invention is an input / output device including an input unit 240 and a display unit 230.

[0046] The display unit 230 includes the display panel 700 described above.

[0047] The input unit 240 has a detection area 241 , and the input unit 240 detects anything approaching the detection area 241 .

[0048] The sensing region 241 comprises the area that overlaps with pixel 702(i,j).

[0049] This makes it possible to detect an object that is close to an area overlapping with the display unit while displaying image information using the display unit. Alternatively, position information can be input using a finger or the like that is brought close to the display unit as a pointer. Alternatively, position information can be associated with image information displayed on the display unit. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel input / output device that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0050] (10) Another embodiment of the present invention is a data processing device including an arithmetic device 210 and an input / output device 220.

[0051] The arithmetic unit 210 is supplied with input information II or sensing information DS, and generates control information CI and image information VI based on the input information II or sensing information DS. The arithmetic unit 210 also supplies the control information CI and image information VI.

[0052] The input / output device 220 supplies input information II and detection information DS, and is supplied with control information CI and image information VI. The input / output device 220 includes a display unit 230 , an input unit 240 , and a detection unit 250 .

[0053] The display unit 230 includes the above-mentioned display panel 700, and displays the image information VI based on the control information CI.

[0054] The input unit 240 generates input information II, and the detection unit 250 generates detection information DS.

[0055] This makes it possible to generate control information CI based on the input information II or the detection information DS. Alternatively, it is possible to display image information VI based on the input information II or the detection information DS. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel information processing device that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0056] (11) Another aspect of the present invention is an information processing device including one or more of a keyboard, a hardware button, a pointing device, a touch sensor, an illuminance sensor, an imaging device, a voice input device, an eye gaze input device, and a posture detection device, and the above-mentioned display panel.

[0057] This allows the arithmetic unit to generate image information or control information based on information supplied using various input devices, thereby providing a novel information processing device that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0058] In the drawings accompanying this specification, components are classified by function and shown in block diagrams as independent blocks; however, in actuality, it is difficult to completely separate components by function, and one component may be involved in multiple functions.

[0059] In this specification, the names of the source and drain of a transistor are interchanged depending on the polarity of the transistor and the level of the potential applied to each terminal. In general, in an n-channel transistor, a terminal to which a low potential is applied is called a source, and a terminal to which a high potential is applied is called a drain. In addition, in a p-channel transistor, a terminal to which a low potential is applied is called a drain, and a terminal to which a high potential is applied is called a source. In this specification, for convenience, the connection relationship of a transistor may be described assuming that the source and drain are fixed, but in reality, the names of the source and drain are interchanged according to the above-mentioned potential relationship.

[0060] In this specification, the source of a transistor means a source region that is a part of a semiconductor film that functions as an active layer, or a source electrode connected to the semiconductor film. Similarly, the drain of a transistor means a drain region that is a part of the semiconductor film, or a drain electrode connected to the semiconductor film. Furthermore, the gate means a gate electrode.

[0061] In this specification, a state in which transistors are connected in series means, for example, a state in which only one of the source or drain of a first transistor is connected to only one of the source or drain of a second transistor, and a state in which transistors are connected in parallel means a state in which one of the source or drain of a first transistor is connected to one of the source or drain of a second transistor, and the other of the source or drain of the first transistor is connected to the other of the source or drain of the second transistor.

[0062] In this specification, the term "connection" refers to an electrical connection, and corresponds to a state in which a current, voltage, or potential can be supplied or transmitted. Therefore, the state of being connected does not necessarily refer to a state of being directly connected, but also includes a state of being indirectly connected via a circuit element such as a wiring, resistor, diode, or transistor so that a current, voltage, or potential can be supplied or transmitted.

[0063] In this specification, even if components that are independent on a circuit diagram are connected to each other, in reality, one conductive film may have the functions of multiple components, for example, when part of a wiring functions as an electrode. In this specification, the term "connection" also includes such cases in which one conductive film has the functions of multiple components.

[0064] In this specification, one of a first electrode and a second electrode of a transistor refers to a source electrode, and the other refers to a drain electrode. Effect of the Invention

[0065] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a novel flip-flop circuit having excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability can be provided. Or, a novel driver circuit having excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability can be provided. Or, a novel display panel having excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability can be provided. Or, a novel display device having excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability can be provided. Or, a novel input / output device having excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability can be provided. Or, a novel information processing device having excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability can be provided. Or, a novel flip-flop circuit, a novel driver circuit, a novel display panel, a novel display device, a novel input / output device, a novel information processing device, or a novel semiconductor device can be provided.

[0066] Note that the description of these effects does not preclude the existence of other effects. Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of these effects. Note that effects other than these will become apparent from the description in the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and it is possible to extract effects other than these from the description in the specification, drawings, claims, etc. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0067] [Figure 1] 1A to 1C are block diagrams illustrating a configuration of a flip-flop circuit according to an embodiment. [Diagram 2] 2A and 2B are circuit diagrams illustrating a configuration of a flip-flop circuit according to an embodiment. [Diagram 3] 3A and 3B are circuit diagrams illustrating a configuration of a flip-flop circuit according to an embodiment. [Figure 4] 4A and 4B are timing charts illustrating the operation of a drive circuit including a flip-flop circuit according to an embodiment. [Diagram 5] 5A and 5B are timing charts illustrating the operation of a drive circuit including a flip-flop circuit according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a drive circuit according to the embodiment. [Figure 7] 7A and 7B are diagrams illustrating a configuration of a display panel according to an embodiment. [Figure 8] 8A and 8B are diagrams illustrating a configuration of a display panel according to an embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a display panel according to an embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a display panel according to an embodiment. [Figure 11] 11A and 11B are cross-sectional views illustrating the configuration of a display panel according to an embodiment. [Figure 12] 12A and 12B are cross-sectional views illustrating a configuration of a display panel according to an embodiment. [Figure 13] 13A to 13D are diagrams illustrating a configuration of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 14] 14A to 14C are diagrams illustrating a configuration of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an input / output device according to an embodiment. [Figure 16] 16A to 16C are block diagrams and projection diagrams illustrating the configuration of an information processing device according to an embodiment. [Figure 17] 17A and 17B are flowcharts illustrating a method for driving an information processing device according to an embodiment. [Figure 18] 18A to 18C are diagrams illustrating a method of driving an information processing device according to an embodiment. [Figure 19] 19A to 19E are diagrams illustrating a configuration of an information processing device according to an embodiment. [Figure 20] 20A to 20E are diagrams illustrating a configuration of an information processing device according to an embodiment. [Figure 21]21A and 21B are diagrams illustrating a configuration of an information processing device according to an embodiment. [Figure 22] FIG. 22 is a photograph for explaining the display state of the display device produced according to the example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0068] A flip-flop circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention has first to fifth input terminals and first to third output terminals. The first input terminal is supplied with a first trigger signal, the second input terminal is supplied with a second trigger signal, the third input terminal is supplied with a collective selection signal, the fourth input terminal is supplied with a first pulse-width modulated signal, and the fifth input terminal is supplied with a second pulse-width modulated signal. The first output terminal supplies a first selection signal based on the first pulse-width modulated signal during a period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied, the first output terminal supplies the first selection signal during a period during which the collective selection signal is supplied, the second output terminal supplies a second selection signal based on the second pulse-width modulated signal during a period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied, and the third output terminal supplies the third trigger signal.

[0069] This makes it possible to supply the first selection signal and the second selection signal during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied until when the second trigger signal is supplied. Alternatively, the first selection signal can be supplied during the period when the collective selection signal is supplied. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel flip-flop circuit that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0070] The embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following description, and it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the form and details of the present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not interpreted as being limited to the description of the embodiments shown below. In the configuration of the invention described below, the same reference numerals are used in common between different drawings for the same parts or parts having similar functions, and repeated explanations are omitted.

[0071] (Embodiment 1) In this embodiment, a configuration of a flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0072] Fig. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of a flip-flop circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B are block diagrams for explaining the configuration of terminals included in the flip-flop circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1C is a block diagram for explaining an example of connecting a plurality of flip-flop circuits according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Fig. 2 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2A is a circuit diagram of a flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2B is a circuit diagram of a flip-flop circuit that can be connected to the flip-flop circuit of Fig. 2A.

[0074] Fig. 3 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3A is a circuit diagram of a flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3B is a circuit diagram of a flip-flop circuit that can be connected to the flip-flop circuit of Fig. 3A.

[0075] Fig. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4A is a timing chart for explaining the operation of a drive circuit including the flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4B is a timing chart for explaining the operation of a drive circuit including the flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 3.

[0076] Fig. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5A is a timing chart for explaining the operation of a drive circuit including the flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 2, which is different from that shown in Fig. 4A, and Fig. 5B is a timing chart for explaining the operation of a drive circuit including the flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 3, which is different from that shown in Fig. 4B.

[0077] In this specification, variables whose values ​​are integers of 1 or more may be used in codes. For example, (p) including a variable p whose value is an integer of 1 or more may be used as part of a code that specifies any one of up to p components. Also, for example, (m, n) including variables m and n whose values ​​are integers of 1 or more may be used as part of a code that specifies any one of up to m×n components.

[0078] <Example of flip-flop circuit configuration 1.> The flip-flop circuit SR(i) described in this embodiment has an input terminal LIN(i), an input terminal RIN(i), an input terminal E(i), an input terminal A(i), and an input terminal B(i). It also has an output terminal G1(i), an output terminal G2(i), and an output terminal OUT(i) (see FIG. 1A). It also has a terminal C1(i), a terminal C2(i), and a terminal C3(i). One of the wirings CLK1 to CLK4 is selected and electrically connected to one of the terminals C1(i) ​​to C3(i). For example, the terminal C1(i) ​​is electrically connected to the wiring CLK1, the terminal C2(i) is electrically connected to the wiring CLK2, and the terminal C3(i) is electrically connected to the wiring CLK3. This makes it possible to supply a plurality of clock signals with shifted phases to the terminals C1(i) ​​to C3(i).

[0079] Input terminal The input terminal LIN(i) is supplied with a first trigger signal, and the input terminal RIN(i) is supplied with a second trigger signal (see FIG. 4A).

[0080] The input terminal E(i) is supplied with a collective selection signal.

[0081] Input terminal A(i) is supplied with a first pulse width modulated signal and input terminal B(i) is supplied with a second pulse width modulated signal.

[0082] Output terminal The output terminal G1(i) supplies a first selection signal based on the first pulse-width modulated signal during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied, and also supplies the first selection signal during the period when the collective selection signal is supplied (see FIGS. 4A and 5A).

[0083] The output terminal G2(i) supplies a second selection signal based on the second pulse-width modulated signal during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied.

[0084] The output terminal OUT(i) supplies a third trigger signal.

[0085] <Example 2 of a flip-flop circuit> For example, the transistor M1, the transistor M16, the transistor M3, the transistor M4, the transistor M6, the transistor M12, the transistor M22, the transistor M5, the transistor M15, the transistor M7, the transistor M13, and the transistor M23 can be used in the flip-flop circuit SR(i) (see FIG. 2A). Also, the transistor M17, the transistor M21, the transistor M31, the transistor M18, and the transistor M19 can be used in the flip-flop circuit SR(i). Also, the capacitance element C1, the capacitance element C2, the capacitance element C3, the capacitance element C4, and the capacitance element C5 can be used.

[0086] The flip-flop circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention can be configured with transistors of the same conductivity type. Specifically, it can be configured with transistors that operate as n-type transistors.

[0087] <<Transistor M1, Transistor M15, Transistor M19>> The transistor M1, the transistor M15, and the transistor M19 each have a gate electrode to which a first trigger signal is supplied. The transistor M1 has a function of supplying the potential of the wiring GVDD to the node GN4(i) based on the first trigger signal.

[0088] Furthermore, the transistors M15 and M19 have the function of supplying the potential of the wiring GVSS to the node GN1(i) based on the first trigger signal. This makes it possible to start the operation of the flip-flop circuit SR(i). Alternatively, the node GN1(i) can be kept in a floating state until the potential of the wiring GVSS is supplied to the node GN1(i).

[0089] 《Transistor M4》 The transistor M4 has a gate electrode to which a second trigger signal is supplied, and has a function of supplying the potential of the wiring GVDD to the node GN1(i) based on the second trigger signal.

[0090] <<Transistor M6, Transistor M12, Transistor M22>> The transistors M6, M12, and M22 each have a gate electrode electrically connected to a node GN4(i). Based on the potential of the node GN4(i), the transistor M6 has a function of supplying a first clock signal to an output terminal OUT(i), the transistor M12 has a function of supplying a first pulse-width modulated signal to an output terminal G1(i), and the transistor M22 has a function of supplying a second pulse-width modulated signal to an output terminal G2(i).

[0091] {Transistor M5, Transistor M18, Transistor M7, Transistor M13, Transistor M23} The transistor M5, the transistor M18, the transistor M7, the transistor M13, and the transistor M23 each have a gate electrode electrically connected to the node GN1(i). Based on the potential of the node GN1(i), the transistor M5 and the transistor M18 each have a function of supplying the potential of the wiring GVSS to the node GN4(i), the transistor M7 has a function of supplying the potential of the wiring GVSS to the output terminal OUT(i), the transistor M13 has a function of supplying the potential of the input terminal E(i) to the output terminal G1(i), and the transistor M23 has a function of supplying the potential of the wiring GVSS to the output terminal G2(i).

[0092] <<Transistor M16, Transistor M3>> The transistor M16 has a gate electrode supplied with a second clock signal, and the transistor M3 has a gate electrode supplied with a third clock signal. During a period when the second clock signal and the third clock signal overlap, the transistor M16 and the transistor M3 have a function of supplying the potential of the wiring GVDD to the node GN1(i).

[0093] "Transistor M20" The transistor M20 has a gate electrode electrically connected to the terminal R(i). The transistor M20 supplies the potential of the wiring GVDD to the node GN1(i) based on the potential of the terminal R(i). For example, a reset signal can be supplied to the terminal R(i). This can reset the flip-flop circuit SR(i). Alternatively, the shift register circuit including the flip-flop circuit SR(i) can be reset. The flip-flop circuit SR(i) can also be reset using a clock signal.

[0094] <<Transistor M17, Transistor M21, Transistor M31>> The transistors M17, M21, and M31 each have a gate electrode to which the potential of the wiring GVDD is supplied. This makes it possible to suppress stress applied to the transistors M6, M12, and M22 when the potential of the node GN4(i) is higher than the potential of the wiring GVDD. Alternatively, the node GN4(i) can be used to stably supply output. Alternatively, it is possible to suppress stress applied between the first electrode and the second electrode of the transistors M1, M5, and M18.

[0095] The flip-flop circuit SR(m+1) has the same configuration as the flip-flop circuit SR(i) except that it does not have the input terminal RIN(i) and the transistor M4 (see Figures 1B and 2B). It can also be used in the final stage of a shift register circuit. A transistor having a wider region in which a channel is formed than that used in the flip-flop circuit SR(i) is suitable for the flip-flop circuit SR(m+1). Specifically, the width of the region in which the channel of the transistor M3 or the transistor M16 in the flip-flop circuit SR(m+1) is formed is wider than the width of the region in which the channel of the transistor M3 or the transistor M16 in the flip-flop circuit SR(i) is formed.

[0096] <Flip-flop circuit configuration example 3.> Moreover, the flip-flop circuit SR(i) described in this embodiment has a transistor M13, a transistor M23, a transistor M7, a node GN1(i), and a wiring GVSS (see FIGS. 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B).

[0097] "Transistor M13" The transistor M13 has a gate electrode electrically connected to the node GN1(i), a first electrode electrically connected to the output terminal G1(i), and a second electrode electrically connected to the input terminal E(i).

[0098] The transistor M13 is in a non-conductive state during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied.

[0099] "Transistor M23" The transistor M23 has a gate electrode electrically connected to the node GN1(i), a first electrode electrically connected to the output terminal G2(i), and a second electrode electrically connected to the wiring GVSS.

[0100] The transistor M23 is in a non-conductive state during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied.

[0101] Transistor M7 The transistor M7 includes a gate electrode electrically connected to the node GN1(i), a first electrode electrically connected to the output terminal OUT(i), and a second electrode electrically connected to the wiring GVSS.

[0102] The transistor M7 is in a non-conductive state during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied.

[0103] This makes it possible to supply the first selection signal and the second selection signal during the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied until when the second trigger signal is supplied. Alternatively, the first selection signal can be supplied during the period when the collective selection signal is supplied. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel flip-flop circuit that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0104] <Flip-flop circuit configuration example 4.> Moreover, the flip-flop circuit SR(i) described in this embodiment has a transistor M24 and a line GVDD (see FIGS. 3A and 3B).

[0105] The transistor M24 includes a gate electrode electrically connected to the wiring GVDD, a first electrode electrically connected to the node GN1(i), and a second electrode electrically connected to the gate electrode of the transistor M13.

[0106] This makes it possible to make the transistor M24 non-conductive during a period TB during which the collective selection signal is high, excluding the period from when the first trigger signal is supplied to when the second trigger signal is supplied (see FIG. 3B or FIG. 4B). Alternatively, the potential of the node GN1(i) can be suppressed to be lower than the potential supplied by the wiring GVDD minus the threshold voltage of the transistor M24. Alternatively, it is possible to suppress the stress caused by the rise in the potential of the node GN1(i) on the transistors M23, M7, M5, and M18. Alternatively, it is possible to suppress the stress caused by the rise in the potential of the node GN1(i) on the transistors M15 and M19. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel flip-flop circuit that is excellent in convenience, usefulness, and reliability.

[0107] <<Electric potential of node GN2(i)>> The node GN2(i) is supplied with the potential of the wiring GVDD during a period when the first trigger signal is high (see FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, and FIG. 4AT1). Also, the node GN2(i) maintains a floating state during a period when the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal are low and the potential of the node GN1(i) is lower than the sum of the threshold voltage of the transistor M5 and the potential supplied by the wiring GVDD, or during a period when the threshold voltage of the transistor M18 is lower than the sum of the potential supplied by the wiring GVDD (see FIG. 4AT2).

[0108] The node GN2(i) is capacitively coupled to the output terminal G1(i) via, for example, a capacitive element C2.

[0109] <<Electric potential of node GN1(i)>> The node GN1(i) is supplied with the potential of the wiring GVSS during a period when the first trigger signal is high (see FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, and FIG. 4AT1). Also, the node GN1(i) is kept in a floating state during a period when the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal are low (see FIG. 4AT2).

[0110] For example, the node GN1(i) is capacitively coupled to the input terminal E(i) via the capacitive element C5.

[0111] For example, if the flip-flop circuit SR(i) does not include the transistor M24, the potential of the node GN1(i) will be affected by the potential of the input terminal E(i). Or, the potential of the node GN1(i) will rise under the influence of the collective selection signal (see FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, and FIG. 4AT3). Or, the potential of the node GN1(i) will approach the potential obtained by adding the voltage supplied by the collective selection signal to the potential supplied by the wiring GVDD.

[0112] On the other hand, when the flip-flop circuit SR(i) includes the transistor M24, the potential of the node GN3(i) is affected by the potential of the input terminal E(i). Or, the potential of the node GN3(i) rises under the influence of, for example, the collective selection signal (see FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 4BT3). Or, the potential of the node GN3(i) approaches, for example, a potential obtained by adding the voltage when the collective selection signal is high to the potential supplied by the wiring GVDD. Or, the transistor M24 becomes non-conductive. Or, the influence of the collective selection signal on the potential of the node GN1(i) can be suppressed. Or, the potential of the node GN1(i) can be suppressed to be lower than the potential obtained by subtracting the threshold voltage of the transistor M24 from the voltage supplied by the wiring GVDD. Or, the influence of the collective selection signal on the potential of the node GN1(i) can be eliminated. Or, the stress applied to a transistor having a gate electrode electrically connected to the node GN1(i) can be suppressed. Alternatively, stress applied to transistors M13, M23, M7, M5, and M18 can be suppressed. Alternatively, stress applied to transistors M15 and M19 can be suppressed. Alternatively, stress applied to transistors M16, M4, and M20 can be suppressed. As a result, a novel flip-flop circuit with excellent convenience, usefulness, and reliability can be provided.

[0113] Note that this embodiment mode can be appropriately combined with other embodiment modes described in this specification.

[0114] (Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, a configuration of a driver circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 6. FIG.

[0115] FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a driver circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0116] <Configuration example of the driver circuit GD> The driving circuit GD described in this embodiment has a group of flip-flop circuits SR(1) to SR(m+2) and a wiring VEE (see FIG. 6). It also has wiring RES, wiring DUM1(1), wiring DUM2(1), wiring DUM1(2), and wiring DUM2(2).

[0117] The group of flip-flop circuits SR(1) to SR(m+2) includes the flip-flop circuit SR(i), the flip-flop circuit SR(i+1), and the flip-flop circuit SR(i+2) described in the first embodiment.

[0118] Flip-flop circuit SR(i+1) The flip-flop circuit SR(i+1) is electrically connected to the flip-flop circuit SR(i), and the flip-flop circuit SR(i+1) is supplied with a third trigger signal (see FIG. 1C).

[0119] The flip-flop circuit SR(i+1) is electrically connected to the flip-flop circuit SR(i+2).

[0120] The flip-flop circuit SR(i+2) provides the second trigger signal.

[0121] "Wiring VEE" The line VEE supplies a collective selection signal, and is electrically connected to a group of flip-flop circuits SR(1) to SR(m+2).

[0122] This allows the group of flip-flop circuits to supply the first selection signal in a predetermined order. Alternatively, the group of flip-flop circuits to supply the second selection signal in a predetermined order. Alternatively, the group of flip-flop circuits to supply the first selection signal all at once. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel drive circuit that is excellent in convenience, usefulness, and reliability.

[0123] <Input terminal connection example> For example, the input terminal LIN(i) is electrically connected to the wiring SPL or the output terminal OUT(i-1) of the flip-flop circuit SR(i-1) (see Fig. 1C and Fig. 6). Note that the wiring SPL supplies a start pulse signal, and the output terminal OUT(i-1) of the flip-flop circuit SR(i-1) supplies a first trigger signal.

[0124] The input terminal RIN(i) is electrically connected to the output terminal OUT(i+2) of the flip-flop circuit SR(i+2), which supplies the second trigger signal.

[0125] The input terminal E(i) is electrically connected to a line VEE, which supplies a collective selection signal.

[0126] The input terminal A(i) is electrically connected to any one of the wirings PWCA1 to PWCA4. Each of the wirings PWCA1 to PWCA4 supplies a first pulse-width modulated signal. For example, a square wave can be used as the first pulse-width modulated signal (see FIG. 4A or FIG. 5A).

[0127] The input terminal B(i) is electrically connected to any one of the wirings PWCB1 to PWCB4. Note that the wirings PWCB1 to PWCB4 all supply pulse-width modulated signals. For example, the same signal as the first pulse-width modulated signal can be used for the second pulse-width modulated signal (see FIG. 4A). Alternatively, a signal with a pulse width different from that of the first pulse-width modulated signal can be used for the second pulse-width modulated signal. Specifically, a signal with a pulse width shorter than that of the first pulse-width modulated signal can be used for the second pulse-width modulated signal (see FIG. 5A).

[0128] <<Output terminal connection example>> The output terminal G1(i) is electrically connected to the scanning line GL1(i), and the output terminal G2(i) is electrically connected to the scanning line GL2(i) (see FIG. 1C and FIG. 6).

[0129] The output terminal OUT(i) is electrically connected to LIN(i+1) of the flip-flop circuit SR(i+1) and RIN(i) of the flip-flop circuit SR(i-2) (see Figure 6).

[0130] <Example of operation of the driver circuit GD> In one embodiment of the present invention, the driving circuit GD sequentially supplies the selection signal. For example, during a period TA, the flip-flop circuits SR(1) to SR(m+2) sequentially supply the selection signal (see FIG. 4A and FIG. 5A).

[0131] In addition, the driving circuit GD according to one aspect of the present invention supplies a collective selection signal. For example, during a period TB, the flip-flop circuits SR(1) to SR(m+2) simultaneously supply the selection signal.

[0132] A period including the periods TA and TB can be called one subframe period.

[0133] Furthermore, when liquid crystal elements, for example, are used as the display elements of the display panel, a period LIGHT in which the light source is turned on can be provided after one subframe period ends (see FIG. 4A and FIG. 5A).

[0134] Note that this embodiment mode can be appropriately combined with other embodiment modes described in this specification.

[0135] (Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, a structure of a display panel according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0136] 7A and 7B are diagrams illustrating a structure of a display panel according to one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 7A is a top view of a display panel according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 7B is a part of Fig. 7A.

[0137] Fig. 8 illustrates a configuration of a display panel according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8A is a cross-sectional view of the pixels along the lines X1-X2, X3-X4, and X9-X10 in Fig. 7A, and Fig. 8B is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration of a pixel circuit 530(i,j).

[0138] FIG. 10 illustrates a structure of a display panel according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0139] <Display panel configuration example 1.> The display panel described in this embodiment has a display area 231 and the driver circuit GD described in Embodiment 2 (see FIG. 10).

[0140] Configuration example 1 of display area 231 The display area 231 includes a scanning line GL1(i), a scanning line GL2(i), a signal line SL1(j), a signal line SL2(j), and a pixel 702(i,j).

[0141] <<Configuration example 1 of pixel 702(i,j)>> Pixel 702(i,j) includes a display element 750(i,j) and a pixel circuit 530(i,j) (see FIG. 8A).

[0142] Example of the configuration of display element 750(i,j) Display element 750(i,j) is electrically connected to pixel circuit 530(i,j) (see FIGS. 8A and 8B).

[0143] For example, an element that controls reflection, transmission, or emission of light can be used as a display element. Specifically, an electro-optical element or a light-emitting element can be used as a display element.

[0144] Configuration example 1 of pixel circuit 530(i,j) Pixel circuit 530(i,j) is electrically connected to scanning line GL1(i), scanning line GL2(i), signal line SL1(j) and signal line SL2(j) (see FIG. 8B).

[0145] The scanning line GL1(i) is electrically connected to the output terminal G1(i), and the scanning line GL2(i) is electrically connected to the output terminal G2(i) (see FIG. 6).

[0146] This allows the first selection signal to be supplied to the first scanning line GL1(i). Alternatively, the second selection signal can be supplied to the second scanning line GL2(i). Alternatively, the pixel 702(i,j) can be driven using the first selection signal or the second selection signal. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable can be provided.

[0147] For example, a switch, a transistor, a diode, a resistor, an inductor, a capacitor, or the like can be used in the pixel circuit 530(i,j). Specifically, a transistor can be used as a switch.

[0148] For example, when a plurality of transistors are used in a pixel circuit, the semiconductor film of one transistor can be formed in the process of forming the semiconductor film of the other transistor.

[0149] <<Configuration example 2 of pixel 702(i,j)>> The pixel 702(i,j) can use a liquid crystal element for the display element 750(i,j).

[0150] Configuration example 2 of pixel circuit 530(i,j) The pixel circuit 530(i,j) includes a capacitive element C11, a switch SW11, and a node N1(i,j) (see FIG. 8B).

[0151] The switch SW11 has a first terminal electrically connected to the signal line SL2(j) and a second terminal electrically connected to a first electrode of the display element 750(i,j). The switch SW11 has a function of switching between a conductive state and a non-conductive state based on a selection signal.

[0152] The capacitive element C11 includes a first electrode electrically connected to the second terminal of the switch SW11, and a second electrode electrically connected to the conductive film CSCOM.

[0153] The display element 750(i,j) displays based on the potential VN of the node N1(i,j).

[0154] Configuration example 3 of pixel circuit 530(i,j) The pixel circuit 530(i,j) includes a capacitance element C11, a capacitance element C12, a switch SW11, a switch SW12, and a node N1(i,j).

[0155] The switch SW11 has a first terminal electrically connected to the signal line SL2(j) and a second terminal electrically connected to a first electrode of the display element 750(i,j). The switch SW11 has a function of switching between a conductive state and a non-conductive state based on a second selection signal.

[0156] The capacitive element C11 includes a first electrode electrically connected to the second terminal of the switch SW11, and a second electrode electrically connected to the conductive film CSCOM.

[0157] The switch SW12 has a first terminal electrically connected to the signal line SL1(j). The switch SW12 has a function of switching between a conductive state and a non-conductive state based on a first selection signal.

[0158] The capacitive element C12 includes a first electrode electrically connected to the second terminal of the switch SW12, and a second electrode electrically connected to the second terminal of the switch SW11.

[0159] The display element 750(i,j) displays based on the potential VN of the node N1(i,j).

[0160] When the switch SW11 is in a non-conductive state, the switch SW12 can be changed from a non-conductive state to a conductive state. Also, when the switch SW11 is in a non-conductive state, the switch SW12 can be changed from a conductive state to a non-conductive state.

[0161] [First step] In a first step, the switches SW11 and SW12 are turned on. For example, a first selection signal is supplied to the scanning line GL1(i), and a second selection signal is supplied to the scanning line GL2(i).

[0162] Also, an image signal is supplied to the capacitive element C12. For example, the image signal is supplied using a potential difference between the potential supplied by the signal line SL1(j) and the potential supplied by the signal line SL2(j).

[0163] [Second step] In a second step, the switch SW12 is made conductive while the switch SW11 is kept non-conductive. For example, a collective selection signal is supplied to the scanning line GL1(i).

[0164] Also, a predetermined potential is supplied to the signal line SL1(i) to offset the potential of the node N1(i,j) via the capacitive element C12.

[0165] [Third step] In a third step, while the switches SW11 and SW12 are kept in a non-conductive state, display is performed using the display element 750(i,j) based on the potential of the node N1(i,j).

[0166] As a result, the potential of the node N1(i,j) can be controlled using the switch SW11 and the switch SW12. Alternatively, the potential of the node N1(i,j) can be controlled using the switch SW11, and the potential of the node N1(i,j) can be changed using the switch SW12. Alternatively, the changing potential can be supplied to the display element 750(i,j). Alternatively, a display can be made based on the changing potential. Alternatively, the display of the display element 750(i,j) can be changed. Alternatively, the operation of the display element 750(i,j) can be emphasized. Alternatively, the response of the display element 750(i,j) can be made faster. As a result, a novel display panel with excellent convenience, usefulness, and reliability can be provided.

[0167] Alternatively, this allows a high voltage to be supplied to the display element 750(i,j). Alternatively, for example, a large electric field can be applied to the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material of the display element 750(i,j). Alternatively, the orientation of a polymer-stabilized liquid crystal material can be controlled. As a result, a novel input / output device with excellent convenience, usefulness, and reliability can be provided.

[0168] Configuration example 3 of pixel 702(i,j) The pixel 702(i,j) can use a light-emitting element as the display element 750(i,j) (see FIG. 9). For example, an organic EL element can be used as the display element 750(i,j).

[0169] Configuration example 4 of pixel circuit 530(i,j) The pixel circuit 530(i,j) includes a transistor M, a capacitance element C21, a switch SW21, a node N1(i,j), a capacitance element C22, and a switch SW22 (see FIG. 9). The pixel circuit 530(i,j) also includes a node N2(i,j), a switch SW23, and a switch SW24.

[0170] The transistor M has a first electrode electrically connected to the conductive film ANO.

[0171] The capacitive element C21 has a first electrode electrically connected to the gate electrode of the transistor M, and a second electrode electrically connected to the second electrode of the transistor M.

[0172] The switch SW21 has a first terminal electrically connected to the signal line SL2(j) and a second terminal electrically connected to the gate electrode of the transistor M. The switch SW21 has a function of switching between a conductive state and a non-conductive state based on a second selection signal.

[0173] The capacitive element C22 has a first electrode electrically connected to the gate electrode of the transistor M.

[0174] The switch SW22 has a first terminal electrically connected to the signal line SL1(j) and a second terminal electrically connected to a second electrode of the capacitive element C22. The switch SW22 has a function of switching between a conductive state and a non-conductive state based on a first selection signal.

[0175] The switch SW23 has a first terminal electrically connected to the second electrode of the transistor M, and a second terminal electrically connected to the conductive film V0. The switch SW23 has a function of switching between a conductive state and a non-conductive state based on a first selection signal.

[0176] The switch SW24 has a first terminal electrically connected to the second electrode of the transistor M and a second terminal electrically connected to the display element 750(i,j). The switch SW24 has a function of switching between a conductive state and a non-conductive state based on a third selection signal. The third selection signal can be supplied using the scanning line GL3(i).

[0177] When the switch SW21 is in a non-conductive state, the switch SW22 can be changed from a non-conductive state to a conductive state. Also, when the switch SW21 is in a non-conductive state, the switch SW22 can be changed from a conductive state to a non-conductive state.

[0178] The display element 750(i,j) displays based on the potential VN of the node N1(i,j).

[0179] As a result, the potential of the node N1(i,j) can be controlled using the switch SW21 and the switch SW22. Alternatively, the potential of the node N1(i,j) can be controlled using the switch SW21, and the potential of the node N1(i,j) can be changed using the switch SW22. Alternatively, the changing potential can be supplied to the display element 750(i,j). Alternatively, a display can be made based on the changing potential. Alternatively, the display of the display element 750(i,j) can be changed. Alternatively, the operation of the display element 750(i,j) can be emphasized. Alternatively, the response of the display element 750(i,j) can be made faster. As a result, a novel display panel with excellent convenience, usefulness, and reliability can be provided.

[0180] Configuration example 2 of display area 231 The display area 231 comprises a group of pixels 702(i,1) through 702(i,n) and another group of pixels 702(1,j) through 702(m,j) (see FIG. 10).

[0181] Although not shown, the display area 231 also has a conductive film CSCOM and a conductive film VCOM1.

[0182] A group of pixels 702(i,1) to 702(i,n) are arranged in the row direction (the direction indicated by the arrow R1 in the figure), and the group of pixels 702(i,1) to 702(i,n) includes pixel 702(i,j).

[0183] Another group of pixels 702(1,j) to 702(m,j) are arranged in a column direction (the direction indicated by the arrow C1 in the figure) that intersects the row direction, and the other group of pixels 702(1,j) to 702(m,j) includes pixel 702(i,j).

[0184] The scan line GL1(i) is electrically connected to a group of pixels 702(i,1) through 702(i,n), and the scan line GL2(i) is electrically connected to a group of pixels 702(i,1) through 702(i,n).

[0185] The signal line SL1(j) is electrically connected to another group of pixels 702(1,j) through 702(m,j), and the signal line SL2(j) is electrically connected to another group of pixels 702(1,j) through 702(m,j).

[0186] This makes it possible to supply image information to a plurality of pixels, thereby providing a novel display panel that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0187] <Drive circuit GDA, drive circuit GDB> The driving circuit GDA and the driving circuit GDB can be used for the driving circuit GD. For example, the driving circuit GDA and the driving circuit GDB have a function of supplying a selection signal based on a control signal SP.

[0188] Specifically, the selection signal is supplied to one scanning line at a frequency of 30 Hz or more, preferably 60 Hz or more, based on the control signal SP, thereby enabling smooth display of moving images.

[0189] Alternatively, the display device has a function of supplying a selection signal to one scanning line at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, and more preferably less than once per minute, based on a control signal SP. This makes it possible to display a still image with suppressed flicker.

[0190] When multiple driving circuits are provided, for example, the frequency with which the driving circuit GDA supplies a selection signal can be made different from the frequency with which the driving circuit GDB supplies a selection signal. Specifically, the selection signal can be supplied to one area displaying a still image more frequently than the frequency with which the selection signal is supplied to another area displaying a moving image. This makes it possible to display a still image with suppressed flicker in one area and display a smooth moving image in the other area.

[0191] Incidentally, the frame frequency can be made variable. For example, display can be performed at a frame frequency of 1 Hz or more and 120 Hz or less. Alternatively, display can be performed at a frame frequency of 120 Hz using the progressive method.

[0192] <Drive circuit SD> The drive circuit SD has a function of generating an image signal based on information V11, and a function of supplying the image signal to a pixel circuit electrically connected to one display element (see FIG. 10).

[0193] For example, various sequential circuits such as a shift register can be used for the driver circuit SD.

[0194] For example, an integrated circuit formed on a silicon substrate can be used for the driver circuit SD.

[0195] For example, the integrated circuit can be connected to the terminals by using a chip on glass (COG) method or a chip on film (COF) method. Specifically, the integrated circuit can be connected to the terminals by using an anisotropic conductive film.

[0196] Note that this embodiment mode can be appropriately combined with other embodiment modes described in this specification.

[0197] (Embodiment 4) In this embodiment, a structure of a pixel that can be used for a display panel of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0198] Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a display panel according to one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 11A is a cross-sectional view of a pixel 702(i,j) taken along line Y1-Y2 in Fig. 7B, and Fig. 11B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a part of Fig. 11A.

[0199] Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a display panel according to one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 12A is a cross-sectional view taken along lines X1-X2 and X3-X4 in Fig. 7A, and Fig. 12B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a part (MG1) of Fig. 12A.

[0200] <Configuration Example 1 of Display Panel 700> The display panel described in this embodiment has a functional layer 520 (see FIG. 8A).

[0201] <Functional layer 520> Functional layer 520 includes drive circuit GD described in embodiment 2 and pixel circuit 530(i,j) described in embodiment 3. Functional layer 520 includes opening 591A, and pixel circuit 530(i,j) is electrically connected to display element 750(i,j) at opening 591A.

[0202] This makes it possible to form a semiconductor film used for the transistors of the driver circuit GD in the process of forming the semiconductor film used for the transistors of the pixel circuit 530(i,j). Alternatively, the number of components can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel display panel that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0203] <<Example of transistor configuration>> For example, bottom-gate transistors or top-gate transistors can be used in the driving circuit GD and the pixel circuit 530(i,j) (see FIGS. 11 and 12).

[0204] The transistor includes a semiconductor film 508, a conductive film 504, a conductive film 512A, and a conductive film 512B (see FIG. 11B).

[0205] The semiconductor film 508 includes a region 508A electrically connected to the conductive film 512A and a region 508B electrically connected to the conductive film 512B. The semiconductor film 508 includes a region 508C between the region 508A and the region 508B.

[0206] The conductive film 504 has a region overlapping with the region 508C, and has a function of a gate electrode.

[0207] The insulating film 506 has a region sandwiched between the semiconductor film 508 and the conductive film 504. The insulating film 506 functions as a gate insulating film.

[0208] The conductive film 512A has either a source electrode function or a drain electrode function, and the conductive film 512B has the other of the source electrode function or the drain electrode function.

[0209] The conductive film 524 can be used for a transistor. The conductive film 524 has a region where the semiconductor film 508 is sandwiched between the conductive film 504 and the conductive film 524. The conductive film 524 has a function of a second gate electrode. The conductive film 524 can be electrically connected to the conductive film 504, for example. Note that the conductive film 524 can be used for the scan line GL2(i).

[0210] Note that a semiconductor film used for a transistor in the driver circuit GD can be formed in the process of forming a semiconductor film used for a transistor in the pixel circuit 530(i,j).

[0211] Configuration example 1 of semiconductor film 508 For example, a semiconductor containing a Group 14 element can be used for the semiconductor film 508. Specifically, a semiconductor containing silicon can be used for the semiconductor film 508.

[0212] [Hydrogenated amorphous silicon] For example, hydrogenated amorphous silicon can be used for the semiconductor film 508. Alternatively, microcrystalline silicon or the like can be used for the semiconductor film 508. This makes it possible to provide a display panel with less display unevenness than a display panel using polysilicon for the semiconductor film 508. Alternatively, it is easy to increase the size of the display panel.

[0213] [Polysilicon] For example, polysilicon can be used for the semiconductor film 508. This allows the field effect mobility of the transistor to be higher than that of a transistor using hydrogenated amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film 508. Alternatively, for example, the driving capability can be improved than that of a transistor using hydrogenated amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film 508. Alternatively, for example, the aperture ratio of a pixel can be improved than that of a transistor using hydrogenated amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film 508.

[0214] Alternatively, for example, the reliability of the transistor can be improved as compared to a transistor in which hydrogenated amorphous silicon is used for the semiconductor film 508 .

[0215] Alternatively, the temperature required to manufacture the transistor can be made lower than that of a transistor using single crystal silicon, for example.

[0216] Alternatively, a semiconductor film used for a transistor in a driver circuit can be formed in the same process as a semiconductor film used for a transistor in a pixel circuit. Alternatively, the driver circuit can be formed over the same substrate as the substrate on which the pixel circuit is formed. Alternatively, the number of components included in an electronic device can be reduced.

[0217] [Single crystal silicon] For example, single crystal silicon can be used for the semiconductor film 508. This allows for higher definition than, for example, a display panel using hydrogenated amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film 508. Alternatively, for example, a display panel with less display unevenness can be provided than, for example, a display panel using polysilicon for the semiconductor film 508. Alternatively, for example, smart glasses or a head mounted display can be provided.

[0218] Configuration example 2 of semiconductor film 508 For example, metal oxide can be used for the semiconductor film 508. This allows the pixel circuit to hold an image signal for a longer period of time compared to a pixel circuit using a transistor with amorphous silicon used for the semiconductor film. Specifically, the selection signal can be supplied at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, and more preferably less than once per minute, while suppressing the occurrence of flicker. As a result, the fatigue accumulated by the user of the information processing device can be reduced. Also, the power consumption associated with driving can be reduced.

[0219] For example, a transistor including an oxide semiconductor can be used. Specifically, an oxide semiconductor including indium or an oxide semiconductor including indium, gallium, and zinc can be used for a semiconductor film.

[0220] For example, a transistor whose leakage current in an off state is smaller than that of a transistor whose semiconductor film is made of amorphous silicon can be used. Specifically, a transistor whose semiconductor film is made of an oxide semiconductor can be used.

[0221] For example, a 25 nm thick film containing indium, gallium and zinc can be used for the semiconductor film 508 .

[0222] For example, a conductive film in which a 10-nm-thick film containing tantalum and nitrogen and a 300-nm-thick film containing copper are stacked can be used as the conductive film 504. Note that the film containing copper has a region in which the film containing tantalum and nitrogen is sandwiched between the insulating film 506 and the copper-containing film.

[0223] For example, a stacked film in which a 400-nm-thick film containing silicon and nitrogen and a 200-nm-thick film containing silicon, oxygen, and nitrogen are stacked can be used as the insulating film 506. Note that the film containing silicon and nitrogen has a region in which the film containing silicon, oxygen, and nitrogen is sandwiched between the semiconductor film 508 and the film containing silicon and nitrogen.

[0224] For example, a conductive film in which a 50-nm-thick film containing tungsten, a 400-nm-thick film containing aluminum, and a 100-nm-thick film containing titanium are stacked in this order can be used as the conductive film 512A or the conductive film 512B. Note that the film containing tungsten has a region in contact with the semiconductor film 508.

[0225] Incidentally, for example, a manufacturing line for bottom-gate transistors using amorphous silicon as a semiconductor can be easily modified to a manufacturing line for bottom-gate transistors using an oxide semiconductor as a semiconductor. Also, for example, a manufacturing line for top-gate transistors using polysilicon as a semiconductor can be easily modified to a manufacturing line for top-gate transistors using an oxide semiconductor as a semiconductor. Either modification can effectively utilize the existing manufacturing line.

[0226] This makes it possible to suppress flickering. Or, it makes it possible to reduce power consumption. Or, it makes it possible to display fast-moving videos smoothly. Or, it makes it possible to display photographs and the like with a rich range of gradations. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel display panel that is excellent in convenience, usefulness, and reliability.

[0227] Configuration example 3 of semiconductor film 508 For example, a compound semiconductor can be used as the semiconductor of a transistor, specifically, a semiconductor containing gallium arsenide can be used.

[0228] For example, an organic semiconductor can be used as a semiconductor for a transistor. Specifically, an organic semiconductor containing polyacenes or graphene can be used as a semiconductor film.

[0229] <<Capacitive element configuration example 1.>> The capacitive element includes a first conductive film, a second conductive film, and an insulating film, the insulating film having a region sandwiched between the first conductive film and the second conductive film.

[0230] For example, the conductive film 504, the conductive film 512A, and the insulating film 506 can be used for a capacitor.

[0231] The capacitive element C12 includes a conductive film 754(i,j), an electrode 751(i,j), and an insulating film 521B (see FIG. 11A).

[0232] <<Configuration example 1 of functional layer 520>> Moreover, the functional layer 520 includes an insulating film 521, an insulating film 518, an insulating film 516, an insulating film 506, an insulating film 501C, and the like (see FIG. 11A).

[0233] The insulating film 521 has a region sandwiched between the pixel circuit 530(i,j) and the display element 750(i,j).

[0234] The insulating film 518 has a region sandwiched between the insulating film 521 and the insulating film 501C.

[0235] The insulating film 516 has a region sandwiched between the insulating film 518 and the insulating film 501C.

[0236] The insulating film 506 has a region sandwiched between the insulating film 516 and the insulating film 501C.

[0237] [Insulating film 521] For example, the insulating film 521 can be made of an insulating inorganic material, an insulating organic material, or an insulating composite material containing an inorganic material and an organic material.

[0238] Specifically, the insulating film 521 can be formed using an inorganic oxide film, an inorganic nitride film, an inorganic oxynitride film, or the like, or a laminated material formed by stacking a plurality of films selected from these.

[0239] For example, a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxide film, or a film containing a laminated material selected from these can be used for the insulating film 521. Note that a silicon nitride film is a dense film and has an excellent function of suppressing diffusion of impurities.

[0240] For example, polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, polysiloxane, acrylic resin, or a laminated material or composite material of a plurality of resins selected from these can be used for the insulating film 521. Alternatively, the insulating film 521 may be formed using a photosensitive material. Thus, for example, the insulating film 521 can flatten steps resulting from various structures overlapping with the insulating film 521.

[0241] Polyimide has superior properties compared to other organic materials in terms of thermal stability, insulating properties, toughness, low dielectric constant, low coefficient of thermal expansion, chemical resistance, etc. Therefore, polyimide can be suitably used for the insulating film 521, etc.

[0242] For example, a film formed using a photosensitive material can be used for the insulating film 521. Specifically, a film formed using a photosensitive polyimide, a photosensitive acrylic resin, or the like can be used for the insulating film 521.

[0243] [Insulating film 518] For example, the insulating film 518 can contain a material that can be used for the insulating film 521.

[0244] For example, a material having a function of suppressing diffusion of oxygen, hydrogen, water, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or the like can be used for the insulating film 518. Specifically, a nitride insulating film can be used for the insulating film 518. For example, silicon nitride, silicon nitride oxide, aluminum nitride, aluminum nitride oxide, or the like can be used for the insulating film 518. This can suppress diffusion of impurities into the semiconductor film of the transistor.

[0245] [Insulating film 516] For example, the material that can be used for the insulating film 521 can be used for the insulating film 516 .

[0246] Specifically, the insulating film 516 can be formed using a method different from that of the insulating film 518.

[0247] [Insulating film 506] For example, the material that can be used for the insulating film 521 can be used for the insulating film 506 .

[0248] Specifically, a film including a silicon oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, a silicon nitride oxide film, a silicon nitride film, an aluminum oxide film, a hafnium oxide film, an yttrium oxide film, a zirconium oxide film, a gallium oxide film, a tantalum oxide film, a magnesium oxide film, a lanthanum oxide film, a cerium oxide film, or a neodymium oxide film can be used for the insulating film 506.

[0249] [Insulating film 501C] For example, the insulating film 501C can be formed using a material that can be used for the insulating film 521. Specifically, the insulating film 501C can be formed using a material containing silicon and oxygen, which can suppress diffusion of impurities into pixel circuits, display elements, or the like.

[0250] <<Configuration example 2 of functional layer 520>> The functional layer 520 includes a conductive film, wiring, and terminals. A material having electrical conductivity can be used for the wiring, electrodes, terminals, conductive film, and the like.

[0251] 《Wiring, etc.》 For example, inorganic conductive materials, organic conductive materials, metals, conductive ceramics, etc. can be used for wiring, etc.

[0252] Specifically, metal elements selected from aluminum, gold, platinum, silver, copper, chromium, tantalum, titanium, molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, iron, cobalt, palladium, and manganese can be used for wiring, etc. Alternatively, alloys containing the above-mentioned metal elements can be used for wiring, etc. In particular, an alloy of copper and manganese is suitable for microfabrication using a wet etching method.

[0253] Specifically, a two-layer structure in which a titanium film is laminated on an aluminum film, a two-layer structure in which a titanium film is laminated on a titanium nitride film, a two-layer structure in which a tungsten film is laminated on a titanium nitride film, a two-layer structure in which a tungsten film is laminated on a tantalum nitride film or a tungsten nitride film, and a three-layer structure in which a titanium film, an aluminum film is laminated on the titanium film, and a titanium film is further formed on top of that can be used for wiring, etc.

[0254] Specifically, conductive oxides such as indium oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, and zinc oxide doped with gallium can be used for wiring or the like.

[0255] Specifically, a film containing graphene or graphite can be used for wiring or the like.

[0256] For example, a film including graphene can be formed by forming a film including graphene oxide and reducing the film including graphene oxide. Examples of a reduction method include a method of applying heat and a method of using a reducing agent.

[0257] For example, a film containing metal nanowires can be used for wiring etc. Specifically, nanowires containing silver can be used.

[0258] Specifically, a conductive polymer can be used for wiring and the like.

[0259] For example, the terminal 519B can be electrically connected to the flexible printed circuit board FPC1 using the conductive material ACF1 (see FIG. 8A). Specifically, the terminal 519B can be electrically connected to the flexible printed circuit board FPC1 using the conductive material CP.

[0260] <Configuration Example 2 of Display Panel 700> Moreover, the display panel 700 includes a substrate 510, a substrate 770, and a sealing material 705 (see FIG. 12A).

[0261] 《Base material 510, base material 770》 A material having optical transparency can be used for the substrate 510 or the substrate 770 .

[0262] For example, a flexible material can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. In this way, a flexible display panel can be provided.

[0263] For example, a material with a thickness of 0.7 mm or less and 0.1 mm or more can be used. Specifically, a material that has been polished to a thickness of about 0.1 mm can be used. This allows the weight to be reduced.

[0264] By the way, a glass substrate of 6th generation (1500 mm×1850 mm), 7th generation (1870 mm×2200 mm), 8th generation (2200 mm×2400 mm), 9th generation (2400 mm×2800 mm), 10th generation (2950 mm×3400 mm), etc. can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. This makes it possible to manufacture a large display device.

[0265] An organic material, an inorganic material, or a composite material such as an organic material and an inorganic material can be used for the substrate 510 or the substrate 770 .

[0266] For example, inorganic materials such as glass, ceramics, and metals can be used. Specifically, alkali-free glass, soda-lime glass, potash glass, crystal glass, aluminosilicate glass, tempered glass, chemically strengthened glass, quartz, sapphire, or the like can be used for the substrate 510 or substrate 770. Alternatively, aluminosilicate glass, tempered glass, chemically strengthened glass, sapphire, or the like can be suitably used for the substrate 510 or substrate 770 disposed on the side of the display panel closer to the user. This can prevent the display panel from being damaged or scratched during use.

[0267] Specifically, an inorganic oxide film, an inorganic nitride film, an inorganic oxynitride film, etc. can be used. For example, a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxide film, etc. can be used. Stainless steel, aluminum, etc. can be used for the substrate 510 or the substrate 770.

[0268] For example, a single crystal semiconductor substrate made of silicon or silicon carbide, a polycrystalline semiconductor substrate, a compound semiconductor substrate such as silicon germanium, an SOI substrate, or the like can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. This allows a semiconductor element to be formed on the base material 510 or the base material 770.

[0269] For example, organic materials such as resin, resin film, or plastic can be used for the substrate 510 or substrate 770. Specifically, materials including polyester, polyolefin, polyamide (nylon, aramid, etc.), polyimide, polycarbonate, polyurethane, or acrylic resin, epoxy resin, or resin having siloxane bonds can be used for the substrate 510 or substrate 770. For example, resin films, resin plates, laminated materials, etc. including these materials can be used. This can reduce the weight. Or, for example, the frequency of occurrence of breakage due to dropping can be reduced.

[0270] Specifically, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethersulfone (PES), cycloolefin polymer (COP), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), or the like can be used for the substrate 510 or substrate 770 .

[0271] For example, a composite material in which a metal plate, a thin glass plate, or a film of an inorganic material or the like is bonded to a resin film or the like can be used for the substrate 510 or the substrate 770. For example, a composite material in which fibrous or particulate metal, glass, inorganic material, or the like is dispersed in a resin can be used for the substrate 510 or the substrate 770. For example, a composite material in which fibrous or particulate resin, organic material, or the like is dispersed in an inorganic material can be used for the substrate 510 or the substrate 770.

[0272] Furthermore, a single layer material or a material having multiple layers laminated thereon can be used for the substrate 510 or substrate 770. For example, a material having an insulating film or the like laminated thereon can be used. Specifically, a material having one or more films selected from a silicon oxide layer, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, or the like laminated thereon can be used. This can prevent, for example, the diffusion of impurities contained in the substrate. Alternatively, it can prevent the diffusion of impurities contained in glass or resin. Alternatively, it can prevent the diffusion of impurities that permeate the resin.

[0273] Also, paper or wood may be used for the substrate 510 or substrate 770 .

[0274] For example, a material having a heat resistance sufficient to withstand heat treatment during the manufacturing process can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. Specifically, a material having a heat resistance sufficient to withstand heat applied during a manufacturing process in which a transistor, a capacitor, or the like is directly formed can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770.

[0275] For example, a method can be used in which an insulating film, a transistor, a capacitor, or the like is formed on a process substrate that has heat resistance to heat applied during the manufacturing process, and the formed insulating film, transistor, capacitor, or the like is transferred to, for example, the base material 510 or the base material 770. In this way, for example, an insulating film, a transistor, a capacitor, or the like can be formed on a substrate that has flexibility.

[0276] "Sealing material 705" The sealing material 705 has an area sandwiched between the functional layer 520 and the base material 770, and has a function of bonding the functional layer 520 and the base material 770 together (see FIG. 12).

[0277] The sealing material 705 can be an inorganic material, an organic material, or a composite material of an inorganic material and an organic material.

[0278] For example, the sealant 705 can be made of an organic material such as a heat-meltable resin or a curable resin.

[0279] For example, the sealant 705 may be made of an organic material such as a reaction curing adhesive, a photocuring adhesive, a heat curing adhesive, and / or an anaerobic adhesive.

[0280] Specifically, adhesives containing epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, phenol resin, polyimide resin, imide resin, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resin, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resin, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) resin, etc. can be used for the sealing material 705.

[0281] <Configuration Example 3 of Display Panel 700> The display panel 700 includes the structure KB1 or the functional film 770P (see FIG. 11A). A colored film, a light-shielding film, or the like may be used between the functional layer 520 and the base material 770.

[0282] 《Structure KB1》 The structure KB1 has a region sandwiched between the functional layer 520 and the base material 770. The structure KB1 also has a function of providing a predetermined gap between the functional layer 520 and the base material 770.

[0283] 《Functional membrane 770P, etc.》 The functional film 770P has an area that overlaps with the display element 750(i,j).

[0284] For example, an anti-reflection film, a polarizing film, a retardation film, a light diffusing film, a light collecting film, or the like can be used for the functional film 770P.

[0285] For example, an anti-reflection film having a thickness of 1 μm or less can be used for the functional film 770P. Specifically, a laminated film having three or more dielectric layers, preferably five or more dielectric layers, more preferably fifteen or more dielectric layers can be used for the functional film 770P. This makes it possible to suppress the reflectance to 0.5% or less, preferably 0.08% or less.

[0286] For example, a circularly polarizing film can be used for the functional film 770P.

[0287] In addition, the functional film 770P can be used with antistatic films that prevent dust from sticking, water-repellent films that make it difficult for dirt to adhere, oil-repellent films that make it difficult for dirt to adhere, anti-reflection films, non-glossy films (anti-glare films), hard coat films that prevent scratches from occurring during use, and self-repairing films that prevent scratches from occurring during use.

[0288] Example of display element configuration For example, an element that controls reflection, transmission, or emission of light can be used as a display element. Specifically, an electro-optical element or a light-emitting element can be used as a display element.

[0289] Configuration example 1 of display element 750(i,j) For example, a liquid crystal element, an electrophoretic element, electronic ink, or the like can be used for the display element 750(i,j) (see FIG. 11A).

[0290] For example, a reflective liquid crystal element can be used for the display element 750(i,j). By using a reflective display element, the power consumption of the display panel can be reduced.

[0291] For example, a transmissive liquid crystal element can be used as the display element 750(i,j). The display panel 700 also has a function of controlling the transmission of light emitted by the backlight BL to display an image.

[0292] <Liquid crystal element configuration example 1> For example, liquid crystal elements that can be driven using a driving method such as IPS (In-Plane-Switching) mode, TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode, ASM (Axially Symmetric aligned Micro-cell) mode, OCB (Optically Compensated Birefringence) mode, FLC (Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal) mode, and AFLC (AntiFerroelectric Liquid Crystal) mode can be used.

[0293] In addition, liquid crystal elements can be used that can be driven using driving methods such as vertical alignment (VA) mode, specifically, MVA (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment) mode, PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) mode, ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence) mode, CPA (Continuous Pinwheel Alignment) mode, and ASV (Advanced Super-View) mode.

[0294] Configuration example 2 of display element 750(i,j) The display element 750(i,j) includes an electrode 751(i,j), an electrode 752, and a layer 753 including a liquid crystal material. The display element 750(i,j) also includes an alignment film AF1 and an alignment film AF2.

[0295] The electrode 751(i,j) is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 530(i,j) in the opening 591A.

[0296] Electrode 752 is disposed so as to create an electric field between it and electrode 751(i,j) that controls the orientation of the liquid crystal material.

[0297] Layer 753 containing liquid crystal material A layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material has a region sandwiched between an alignment film AF1 and an alignment film AF2.

[0298] For example, 1.0×10 13 Ω cm or more, preferably 1.0×10 14 Ω cm or more, more preferably 1.0×10 15 A liquid crystal material having a resistivity of Ω·cm or more can be used for the layer 753 containing liquid crystal material.

[0299] This can make it difficult for a current to flow through the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material. Alternatively, an electric field applied to the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material can be maintained. Alternatively, a change in the transmittance of the display element 750(i,j) can be suppressed. Alternatively, flickering of the display element 750(i,j) can be suppressed. Alternatively, the frequency of rewriting the display element 750(i,j) can be reduced.

[0300] Configuration example 3 of display element 750(i,j) A display element 750(i,j) described in this embodiment includes an electrode 751(i,j), an electrode 752, and a layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material. Also includes alignment films AF1 and AF2 (see FIG. 11A).

[0301] <<Example of the configuration of alignment film AF1 and alignment film AF2>> The alignment film AF1 has a region sandwiched between the electrode 751(i,j) and the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material. The alignment film AF2 has a region sandwiched between the electrode 752 and the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material.

[0302] An alignment film that aligns the liquid crystal in a substantially horizontal direction can be used for the alignment film AF1 and the alignment film AF2. For example, an angle of about 2° to 5° can be set as the pretilt angle.

[0303] The alignment film AF2 is rubbed so as to be anti-parallel to the alignment film AF1. The thickness of the alignment film AF1 or the alignment film AF2 can be set to, for example, 70 nm.

[0304] <<Example of the configuration of electrodes 751(i,j) and electrodes 752>> Electrode 752 is disposed between electrode 751(i,j) and the electrode 751(i,j) so as to create an electric field across layer 753 containing liquid crystal material.

[0305] Example 1 of the configuration of layer 753 containing liquid crystal material The layer 753 containing liquid crystal material scatters the incident light I0 with a first scattering intensity in a first state of the electric field.

[0306] Furthermore, in a second state in which the electric field is stronger than in the first state, the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material scatters the incident light I0 with a second scattering intensity, which is greater than the first scattering intensity.

[0307] The thickness of the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material can be set to, for example, 2.5 μm or more and 6.0 μm or less.

[0308] Example 2 of the configuration of layer 753 containing liquid crystal material The layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material includes a liquid crystal material and a polymer material, and the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material is stabilized with a polymer.

[0309] <Example of liquid crystal material composition> For example, Merck's liquid crystal material MDA-00-3506 can be used for the layer 753 containing liquid crystal material.

[0310] <Examples of polymer material structures> The polymeric material is a copolymer of a polyfunctional monomer and a monofunctional monomer.

[0311] Example of polyfunctional monomer structure The polyfunctional monomer has a phenyl benzoate skeleton. For example, a diacrylate having a phenyl benzoate skeleton can be used as the polyfunctional monomer. Specifically, a material represented by the following structural formula (1) can be used as the polyfunctional monomer.

[0312] [ka]

[0313] Example of monofunctional monomer structure The monofunctional monomer has a cyclohexylbenzene skeleton. For example, an acrylate having a cyclohexyl skeleton can be used as the monofunctional monomer. Specifically, materials represented by the following structural formulas (2) to (4) can be used as the monofunctional monomer.

[0314] [ka]

[0315] [ka]

[0316] [ka]

[0317] This makes it possible to more strongly scatter incident light at a second electric field strength greater than the first electric field strength. Alternatively, it is possible to reduce power consumption in a state where incident light is easily transmitted. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel liquid crystal element that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0318] Phenyl benzoate has a structure represented by structural formula (5), and cyclohexylbenzene has a structure represented by structural formula (6). Both may have a substituent.

[0319] [ka]

[0320] [ka]

[0321] <Liquid crystal element configuration example 2.> In the liquid crystal element described in this embodiment, the second scattering intensity is ten times or more the first scattering intensity.

[0322] This makes it possible to increase the contrast between the state in which the incident light is transmitted and the state in which the incident light is scattered, thereby providing a novel liquid crystal element that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0323] Note that this embodiment mode can be appropriately combined with other embodiment modes described in this specification.

[0324] (Embodiment 5) In this embodiment, a structure of a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0325] 13A to 13D are projection views illustrating the external appearance of the display device of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0326] <Display device configuration example 1.> The display device described in this embodiment has a display panel 700 and a control unit 238 (see FIG. 13A).

[0327] Configuration example 1 of control unit 238 The control unit 238 is supplied with image information VI and control information CI, which may for example be a clock signal or a timing signal.

[0328] The control unit 238 generates information V11 based on the image information VI, and generates a control signal SP based on the control information CI, and also supplies the information V11 and the control signal SP.

[0329] For example, the information V11 includes a gradation of 8 bits or more, preferably 12 bits or more. Also, for example, a clock signal or a start pulse of a shift register used in a driving circuit can be used as the control signal SP.

[0330] Configuration example 2 of control unit 238 For example, the decompression circuit 234 and the image processing circuit 235 can be used in the control unit 238 .

[0331] 《Extension circuit 234》 The decompression circuit 234 has a function of decompressing the image information VI that is supplied in a compressed state. The decompression circuit 234 has a storage unit. The storage unit has a function of storing, for example, the decompressed image information.

[0332] "Image processing circuit 235" The image processing circuit 235 includes, for example, a storage area. The storage area has a function of storing information included in the image information VI, for example.

[0333] The image processing circuit 235 has, for example, a function of correcting the image information VI based on a predetermined characteristic curve to generate information V11, and a function of supplying the information V11.

[0334] <Display panel configuration example 1.> Information V11 and a control signal SP are supplied to the display panel 700. For example, a drive circuit can be used for the display panel 700. Specifically, the display panel 700 described in the third or fourth embodiment can be used.

[0335] <Drive circuit> The drive circuits operate based on a control signal SP. By using the control signal SP, the operations of a plurality of drive circuits can be synchronized.

[0336] For example, the drive circuits GDA(1), GDA(2), GDB(1) and GDB(2) can be used in the display panel. Specifically, the drive circuits described in the second embodiment can be used. The drive circuits GDA(1), GDA(2), GDB(1) and GDB(2) are supplied with a control signal SP and have the function of supplying a selection signal.

[0337] For example, the drive circuit SDA(1), drive circuit SDA(2), drive circuit SDB(1), drive circuit SDB(2), drive circuit SDC(1), and drive circuit SDC(2) can be used in a display panel. In addition, the drive circuit SDA(1), drive circuit SDA(2), drive circuit SDB(1), drive circuit SDB(2), drive circuit SDC(1), and drive circuit SDC(2) are supplied with the control signal SP and information V11 and can supply an image signal.

[0338] Example of the configuration of pixel 702(i,j) Pixel 702(i,j) is displayed based on information V11.

[0339] This allows image information to be displayed using the display element. As a result, a novel display device with excellent convenience, usefulness, or reliability can be provided. Alternatively, for example, a television receiving system (see FIG. 13B), a video monitor (see FIG. 13C), or a notebook computer (see FIG. 13D) can be provided.

[0340] <Display panel configuration example 2.> For example, the control circuit 233 can be used in the display panel 700. Specifically, the control circuit 233 formed on a rigid substrate can be used in the display panel 700. In addition, the control circuit 233 formed on the rigid substrate can be electrically connected to the control unit 238 by using a flexible printed circuit board.

[0341] <<Control circuit 233>> The control circuit 233 has a function of generating and supplying a control signal SP. For example, a clock signal or a timing signal can be used as the control signal SP. Specifically, a timing controller can be used for the control circuit 233.

[0342] <Display device configuration example 2.> The display device described in this embodiment includes a display panel 700 and a control unit 238 (see FIGS. 14A and 14B). It also includes a light source SL, a calculation device 210, a sensor SENS, a drive unit MV, and a battery BT.

[0343] For example, the display panel described in the third or fourth embodiment can be used for the display panel 700 .

[0344] Example 1 of the configuration of the light source SL The light source SL is supplied with control information CI, which may for example be a clock signal or a timing signal.

[0345] The light source SL includes a light emitting element and a drive circuit, and the light emitting element is electrically connected to the drive circuit.

[0346] For example, an LED, an organic EL element, or the like can be used as the light source SL. Specifically, a light emitting element that emits white light can be used as the light source SL. Alternatively, a light emitting element that emits blue light, a light emitting element that emits green light, and a light emitting element that emits red light can be used as the light source SL.

[0347] The drive circuit can simultaneously light the light-emitting element emitting blue light, the light-emitting element emitting green light, and the light-emitting element emitting red light, or can sequentially light the light-emitting element emitting blue light, the light-emitting element emitting green light, and the light-emitting element emitting red light.

[0348] Example 2 of the configuration of the light source SL Based on the control information CI, the light source SL can display the image information VI using, for example, a field sequential method (see FIG. 14C).

[0349] [First step] As the first sub-image information, for example, a red component contained in the predetermined image information is supplied (see FIG. 14C (W1)).

[0350] [Second step] The first sub-image information is displayed by emitting red light using the light source SL (see FIG. 14C (W2)).

[0351] [Third step] As the second sub-image information, for example, a green component contained in the predetermined image information is supplied (see FIG. 14C (W3)).

[0352] [Fourth step] The second sub-image information is displayed by emitting green light using the light source SL (see FIG. 14C (W4)).

[0353] [5th ​​step] As the third sub-image information, for example, a blue component contained in the predetermined image information is supplied (see FIG. 14C (W5)).

[0354] [Sixth step] The third sub-image information is displayed by emitting blue light using the light source SL (see FIG. 14C (W6)).

[0355] Sensor SENS The sensor SENS supplies the detection information DS. For example, a pulse sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, or the like can be used as the sensor SENS.

[0356] 《Arithmetic unit 210》 The computation device 210 is supplied with the detection information DS and generates image information VI on the basis of the detection information DS.

[0357] For example, image information VI displaying the user's pulse, body temperature, etc. can be generated based on the detection information DS. Alternatively, image information VI displaying the temperature, altitude, water depth, etc. can be generated based on the detection information DS.

[0358] The arithmetic unit 210 also supplies time information and the like.

[0359] 《Drive unit MV》 The driving unit MV includes, for example, an hour hand, a minute hand, a second hand, an electric motor, and a driving circuit. The driving unit MV is supplied with time information and displays the time. For example, the driving unit MV can rotate the hour hand, minute hand, and second hand at a predetermined speed. It can also display pulse, body temperature, air temperature, altitude, water depth, and the like.

[0360] The display panel 700 is disposed between the user and the drive unit MV. This allows the image information to be displayed in front of the hands, such as the hour hand, minute hand, and second hand. Alternatively, the image information VI can be displayed superimposed on the hands, such as the hour hand, minute hand, and second hand. Alternatively, the image information VI can be displayed without being obstructed by the hands, such as the hour hand, minute hand, and second hand.

[0361] Battery BT The battery BT is electrically connected to the display panel 700, the control unit 238, the light source SL, the sensor SENS, the arithmetic device 210, and the drive unit MV. The battery BT also supplies power.

[0362] Note that this embodiment mode can be appropriately combined with other embodiment modes described in this specification.

[0363] (Embodiment 6) In this embodiment, a structure of an input / output device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0364] FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an input / output device of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0365] <Example 1 of I / O device configuration> The input / output device described in this embodiment includes an input unit 240 and a display unit 230 (see FIG. 15).

[0366] 《Display section 230》 The display unit 230 includes a display panel. For example, the display panel 700 described in embodiment 3 or 4 can be used for the display unit 230. Note that a configuration including the input unit 240 and the display unit 230 can be referred to as an input / output panel 700TP.

[0367] Configuration example 1 of input unit 240 The input unit 240 has a detection area 241. The input unit 240 has a function of detecting an object approaching the detection area 241.

[0368] The sensing region 241 comprises the area that overlaps with pixel 702(i,j).

[0369] This makes it possible to detect an object that is close to an area overlapping with the display unit while displaying image information using the display unit. Alternatively, position information can be input using a finger or the like that is brought close to the display unit as a pointer. Alternatively, position information can be associated with image information displayed on the display unit. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel input / output device that is highly convenient, useful, and reliable.

[0370] Configuration example 1 of detection area 241 The sensing area 241 may, for example, include one or more detectors.

[0371] The detection region 241 has a group of detectors 802(g,1) through 802(g,q) and another group of detectors 802(1,h) through 802(p,h), where g is an integer between 1 and p, h is an integer between 1 and q, and p and q are integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0372] A group of detectors 802(g,1) to 802(g,q) including a detector 802(g,h) are arranged in the row direction (the direction indicated by the arrow R2 in the figure) and are electrically connected to the wiring CL(g). Note that the direction indicated by the arrow R2 may be the same as the direction indicated by the arrow R1, or may be different.

[0373] In addition, another group of detectors 802(1,h) to 802(p,h), including detector 802(g,h), are arranged in a column direction (the direction indicated by arrow C2 in the figure) that intersects with the row direction, and are electrically connected to wiring ML(h).

[0374] Detector The detector has a function of detecting a nearby pointer. For example, a finger or a stylus pen can be used as the pointer. For example, a metal piece or a coil can be used as the stylus pen.

[0375] Specifically, a capacitance type proximity sensor, an electromagnetic induction type proximity sensor, an optical type proximity sensor, a resistive film type proximity sensor, or the like can be used as the detector.

[0376] Furthermore, detectors of multiple types can be used in combination. For example, a detector for detecting a finger and a detector for detecting a stylus pen can be used in combination.

[0377] This makes it possible to determine the type of pointer. Alternatively, different commands can be associated with the detection information based on the determined type of pointer. Specifically, if it is determined that a finger is used as the pointer, the detection information can be associated with a gesture. Alternatively, if it is determined that a stylus pen is used as the pointer, the detection information can be associated with a drawing process.

[0378] Specifically, a finger can be detected using a capacitance type, a pressure sensitive type, or an optical type proximity sensor, or a stylus pen can be detected using an electromagnetic induction type or an optical type proximity sensor.

[0379] Configuration example 2 of input unit 240 The input section 240 comprises an oscillator circuit OSC and a detection circuit DC (see FIG. 15).

[0380] The oscillator circuit OSC supplies a search signal to the detector 802(g,h). For example, a square wave, a sawtooth wave, a triangular wave, a sine wave, etc. can be used as the search signal.

[0381] The detector 802(g,h) generates and provides a detection signal that varies based on the distance to the pointer proximate to the detector 802(g,h) and the probe signal.

[0382] The detection circuit DC provides input information based on the detection signal.

[0383] This makes it possible to detect the distance from the approaching pointer to the detection area 241. Alternatively, it makes it possible to detect the position within the detection area 241 to which the pointer is closest.

[0384] Note that this embodiment mode can be appropriately combined with other embodiment modes described in this specification.

[0385] (Embodiment 7) In this embodiment, a structure of a data processing device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0386] 16A is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an information processing device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG 16B and FIG 16C are projection views illustrating an example of the external appearance of the information processing device.

[0387] Fig. 17 is a flowchart illustrating a program according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 17A is a flowchart illustrating main processing of the program according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 17B is a flowchart illustrating interrupt processing.

[0388] Fig. 18 is a diagram for explaining a program according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 18A is a flow chart for explaining interrupt processing of a program according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 18B is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of an information processing device, and Fig. 18C is a timing chart for explaining the operation of an information processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing one frame (1 Frame) and time (Time).

[0389] <Configuration example 1 of information processing device> The information processing device described in this embodiment includes an arithmetic unit 210 and an input / output unit 220 (see FIG. 16A). The input / output unit 220 is electrically connected to the arithmetic unit 210. The information processing device 200 may include a housing (see FIGS. 16B and 16C).

[0390] Configuration example 1 of the arithmetic device 210 The arithmetic unit 210 is supplied with input information II or sensed information DS. The arithmetic unit 210 generates control information CI and image information VI based on the input information II or sensed information DS, and supplies the control information CI and image information VI.

[0391] The arithmetic device 210 includes a calculation unit 211 and a storage unit 212. The arithmetic device 210 also includes a transmission path 214 and an input / output interface 215.

[0392] The transmission path 214 is electrically connected to the calculation unit 211 , the storage unit 212 , and the input / output interface 215 .

[0393] 《Arithmetic section 211》 The calculation unit 211 has a function of executing a program, for example.

[0394] 《Storage section 212》 The storage unit 212 has a function of storing, for example, the program executed by the calculation unit 211, initial information, setting information, images, and the like.

[0395] Specifically, a hard disk, a flash memory, a memory including a transistor including an oxide semiconductor, or the like can be used.

[0396] Input / output interface 215, transmission path 214 The input / output interface 215 includes a terminal or wiring and has a function of supplying information and receiving information. For example, the input / output interface 215 can be electrically connected to the transmission path 214. The input / output interface 215 can also be electrically connected to the input / output device 220.

[0397] The transmission path 214 includes wiring and has a function of supplying information and receiving information. For example, the transmission path 214 can be electrically connected to the input / output interface 215. The transmission path 214 can also be electrically connected to the calculation unit 211, the storage unit 212, or the input / output interface 215.

[0398] Example of the configuration of the input / output device 220 The input / output device 220 supplies input information II and sensed information DS. The input / output device 220 is supplied with control information CI and image information VI (see FIG. 16A).

[0399] For example, keyboard scan code, position information, button operation information, audio information, image information, etc. can be used as the input information II. Alternatively, for example, illuminance information, posture information, acceleration information, direction information, pressure information, temperature information, humidity information, etc. of the environment in which the information processing device 200 is used can be used as the detection information DS.

[0400] For example, a signal for controlling the luminance, saturation, or hue of the image information VI may be used as the control information CI, or a signal for changing the display of a part of the image information VI may be used as the control information CI.

[0401] The input / output device 220 includes a display unit 230, an input unit 240, and a detection unit 250. For example, the input / output device described in the sixth embodiment can be used for the input / output device 220. The input / output device 220 can also include a communication unit 290.

[0402] Configuration example of display unit 230 The display unit 230 displays the image information VI based on the control information CI.

[0403] The display unit 230 includes a control unit 238, a driving circuit GD, a driving circuit SD, and a display panel 700 (see FIG. 13). For example, the display device described in the fifth embodiment can be used for the display unit 230.

[0404] Example of configuration of input unit 240 The input unit 240 generates input information II. For example, the input unit 240 has a function of supplying position information P1.

[0405] For example, a human interface or the like can be used for the input unit 240 (see FIG. 16A). Specifically, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch sensor, a microphone, a camera, or the like can be used for the input unit 240.

[0406] It is also possible to use a touch sensor having an area overlapping with the display unit 230. Note that an input / output device including the display unit 230 and a touch sensor having an area overlapping with the display unit 230 can be called a touch panel or a touch screen.

[0407] For example, a user can perform various gestures (such as tapping, dragging, swiping, or pinching in) using a finger that touches the touch panel as a pointer.

[0408] For example, the computing device 210 can analyze information such as the position or trajectory of a finger touching the touch panel, and when the analysis result satisfies a predetermined condition, it can determine that a predetermined gesture has been provided. This allows the user to provide a predetermined operation command that is previously associated with a predetermined gesture by using the gesture.

[0409] As one example, a user can provide a "scroll command" to change the displayed position of image information by using a gesture of moving a finger in contact with the touch panel along the touch panel.

[0410] The user can also provide a "drag command" to pull out and display the navigation panel NP at the edge of the display area 231 by using a gesture of moving a finger in contact with the edge of the display area 231 (see FIG. 16C). The user can also provide a "leaf-through command" to flip through the index image IND, parts of other pages, or thumbnail images TN of other pages in a predetermined order on the navigation panel NP by using a gesture of moving the position where the finger is pressed firmly, or by using the pressure of the finger. This allows the pages of an electronic book to be turned as if flipping through the pages of a paper book. Or, the user can search for a predetermined page by relying on the thumbnail image TN or index image IND.

[0411] Example of configuration of detection unit 250 The detection unit 250 generates detection information DS. For example, the detection unit 250 has a function of detecting the illuminance of the environment in which the information processing device 200 is used, and a function of supplying the illuminance information.

[0412] The detection unit 250 has a function of detecting the surrounding state and supplying detection information, specifically, illuminance information, attitude information, acceleration information, direction information, pressure information, temperature information, humidity information, and the like.

[0413] For example, the detection unit 250 may use a photodetector, a posture detector, an acceleration sensor, a direction sensor, a GPS (Global Positioning System) signal receiving circuit, a pressure-sensitive switch, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a camera, or the like.

[0414] 《Communication Section 290》 The communication unit 290 has a function of supplying information to the network and acquiring information from the network.

[0415] 《Case》 The housing has a function of housing the input / output device 220 or the arithmetic device 210. Alternatively, the housing has a function of supporting the display unit 230 or the arithmetic device 210.

[0416] This makes it possible to generate control information based on input information or detection information. Or, it is possible to display image information based on input information or detection information. Or, it is possible for the information processing device to operate by grasping the intensity of light received by the housing of the information processing device in the environment in which the information processing device is used. Or, it is possible for the user of the information processing device to select the display method. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel information processing device that is excellent in convenience, usefulness, and reliability.

[0417] In addition, these configurations cannot be clearly separated, and one configuration may serve as another configuration or may include a part of another configuration. For example, a touch panel in which a touch sensor is superimposed on a display panel is both a display unit and an input unit.

[0418] Configuration example 2 of the arithmetic device 210 The computing device 210 includes an artificial intelligence unit 213 (see FIG. 16A).

[0419] The artificial intelligence unit 213 is supplied with the input information II or the sensed information DS, and infers the control information CI based on the input information II or the sensed information DS. The artificial intelligence unit 213 also supplies the control information CI.

[0420] This makes it possible to generate control information CI that is displayed in a way that is perceived as suitable. Or, it is possible to display control information CI that is displayed in a way that is perceived as suitable. Or, it is possible to generate control information CI that is displayed in a way that is perceived as comfortable. Or, it is possible to display control information CI that is displayed in a way that is perceived as comfortable. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel information processing device that is excellent in convenience, usefulness, and reliability.

[0421] [Natural language processing for input information II] Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can perform natural language processing on the input information II and extract one feature from the entire input information II. For example, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can infer emotions and the like contained in the input information II and make them a feature. It can also infer a color, pattern, font, and the like that is empirically felt to be suitable for the feature. The artificial intelligence unit 213 can also generate information that specifies the color, pattern, or font of characters, and information that specifies the color or pattern of the background, and use the information in the control information CI.

[0422] Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can extract some words contained in the input information II by natural language processing of the input information II. For example, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can extract grammatical errors, factual errors, or expressions containing emotions. In addition, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can generate control information CI that displays the extracted part in a color, pattern, font, or the like different from the other parts, and use the control information CI.

[0423] [Image processing for input information II] Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can perform image processing on the input information II and extract one feature from the input information II. For example, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can infer the year in which the input information II was photographed, whether indoors or outdoors, day or night, and the like, and use these as features. In addition, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can infer a color tone that is empirically felt to be suitable for the feature, and generate control information CI for using the color tone for display. Specifically, information specifying a color (for example, full color, black and white, or brown, etc.) used to express shading can be used in the control information CI.

[0424] Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can extract a part of an image included in the input information II by performing image processing on the input information II. For example, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can generate control information CI that displays a boundary between one part of the extracted image and another part. Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can generate control information CI that displays a rectangle that surrounds a part of the extracted image.

[0425] [Inference using detection information DS] Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can generate an inference RI using the detection information DS. Alternatively, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can generate control information CI based on the inference RI so that the user of the information processing device 200 feels comfortable.

[0426] Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can generate control information CI for adjusting the brightness of the display so that the brightness of the display is felt to be comfortable based on the illuminance of the environment, etc. Alternatively, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can generate control information CI for adjusting the volume so that the volume is felt to be comfortable based on the noise of the environment, etc.

[0427] Note that a clock signal or a timing signal supplied to the control unit 238 included in the display unit 230 can be used as the control information CI. Alternatively, a clock signal or a timing signal supplied to the control unit 248 included in the input unit 240 can be used as the control information CI.

[0428] <Configuration example 2 of information processing device> Another configuration of the information processing device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 17A and 17B.

[0429] "program" A program according to one embodiment of the present invention has the following steps (see FIG. 17A).

[0430] [First step] In the first step, the settings are initialized (see FIG. 17A (S1)).

[0431] For example, predetermined image information to be displayed at the time of startup, a predetermined mode for displaying the image information, and information for specifying a predetermined display method for displaying the image information are obtained from the storage unit 212. Specifically, one still image information or other moving image information can be used as the predetermined image information. Also, the first mode or the second mode can be used as the predetermined mode.

[0432] [Second step] In the second step, interrupt processing is permitted (see FIG. 17A (S2)). Note that the arithmetic unit for which interrupt processing is permitted can perform the interrupt processing in parallel with the main processing. The arithmetic unit that has returned from the interrupt processing to the main processing can reflect the results obtained from the interrupt processing in the main processing.

[0433] When the counter value is the initial value, the arithmetic unit may perform an interrupt process, and when returning from the interrupt process, the counter may be set to a value other than the initial value. This allows interrupt processing to be always performed after the program is started.

[0434] [Third step] In a third step, the image information is displayed using a predetermined mode or a predetermined display method selected in the first step or interrupt process (see FIG. 17A (S3)). Note that the predetermined mode specifies the mode in which the information is displayed, and the predetermined display method specifies the method in which the image information is displayed. Also, for example, it can be used for information that displays image information VI.

[0435] For example, one way of displaying the image information VI may be associated with a first mode, and another way of displaying the image information VI may be associated with a second mode, allowing the display method to be selected based on the selected mode.

[0436] First mode Specifically, a method of supplying a selection signal to one scanning line at a frequency of 30 Hz or more, preferably 60 Hz or more, and performing display based on the selection signal can be associated with the first mode.

[0437] For example, if the selection signal is supplied at a frequency of 30 Hz or more, and preferably 60 Hz or more, the movement of the moving image can be displayed smoothly.

[0438] For example, by updating the image at a frequency of 30 Hz or more, preferably 60 Hz or more, an image that changes so as to smoothly follow the user's operation can be displayed on the information processing device 200 being operated by the user.

[0439] Second Mode Specifically, a method of supplying a selection signal to one scan line at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, and more preferably less than once per minute, and performing display based on the selection signal can be associated with the second mode.

[0440] Supplying the selection signal at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, and more preferably less than once per minute can provide a display with reduced flicker or blinking, and can also reduce power consumption.

[0441] For example, when the information processing device 200 is used in a clock, the display can be updated once per second or once per minute.

[0442] Incidentally, for example, when a light-emitting element is used as a display element, the light-emitting element can be made to emit light in a pulsed manner to display image information. Specifically, the organic EL element can be made to emit light in a pulsed manner, and the afterglow can be used for display. Since the organic EL element has excellent frequency characteristics, it may be possible to shorten the time for driving the light-emitting element and reduce power consumption. Or, since heat generation is suppressed, it may be possible to reduce deterioration of the light-emitting element.

[0443] [Fourth step] In the fourth step, if an end command is supplied (Yes), proceed to the fifth step; if an end command is not supplied (No), proceed to the third step (see FIG. 17A (S4)).

[0444] For example, the end command supplied in the interrupt process may be used for the judgment.

[0445] [5th ​​step] In the fifth step, the process ends (see FIG. 17A (S5)).

[0446] <<Interrupt Processing>> The interrupt process includes the following sixth to eighth steps (see FIG. 17B).

[0447] [Sixth step] In a sixth step, for example, the detection unit 250 detects the illuminance of the environment in which the information processing device 200 is used (see FIG. 17B (S6)). Note that instead of the illuminance of the environment, the color temperature or chromaticity of the ambient light may be detected.

[0448] [Seventh step] In the seventh step, a display method is determined based on the detected illuminance information (see FIG. 17B (S7)). For example, the brightness of the display is determined so as not to be too dark or too bright.

[0449] It should be noted that if the color temperature or chromaticity of the ambient light is detected in the sixth step, the color of the display may be adjusted.

[0450] [8th step] In the eighth step, the interrupt process ends (see FIG. 17B (S8)).

[0451] <Configuration example 3 of information processing device> Another configuration of the data processing device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0452] Fig. 18A is a flowchart illustrating a program according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is a flowchart illustrating an interrupt process different from the interrupt process shown in Fig. 17B.

[0453] Note that the configuration example 3 of the information processing device differs from the interrupt processing described with reference to Fig. 17B in that the interrupt processing includes a step of changing the mode based on a supplied predetermined event. Here, the different parts will be described in detail, and the above description will be used for parts where a similar configuration can be used.

[0454] <<Interrupt Processing>> The interrupt process includes the following sixth to eighth steps (see FIG. 18A).

[0455] [Sixth step] In the sixth step, if the predetermined event is supplied (Yes), proceed to the seventh step, and if the predetermined event is not supplied (No), proceed to the eighth step (see FIG. 18A (U6)). For example, whether or not the predetermined event is supplied within a predetermined period of time can be used as a condition. Specifically, the predetermined period can be a period of 5 seconds or less, 1 second or less, or 0.5 seconds or less, preferably 0.1 seconds or less, but longer than 0 seconds.

[0456] [Seventh step] In the seventh step, the mode is changed (see FIG. 18A (U7)). Specifically, if the first mode has been selected, the second mode is selected, and if the second mode has been selected, the first mode is selected.

[0457] For example, the display mode can be changed for a part of the region of the display unit 230. Specifically, the display mode can be changed for a region to which a selection signal is supplied by one of the drive circuits of the display unit 230 including the drive circuits GDA, GDB, and GDC (see FIG. 18B).

[0458] For example, when a predetermined event is supplied to the input unit 240 in an area overlapping with an area to which the drive circuit GDB supplies a selection signal, the display mode of the area to which the drive circuit GDB supplies a selection signal can be changed (see Figs. 18B and 18C). Specifically, the frequency of the selection signal supplied by the drive circuit GDB can be changed in response to a "tap" event supplied to the touch panel using a finger or the like.

[0459] The signal GCLK is a clock signal that controls the operation of the driving circuit GDB, and the signals PWC1 and PWC2 are pulse-width modulated signals that control the operation of the driving circuit GDB. The driving circuit GDB supplies selection signals to the scanning lines G2(m+1) to G2(2m) based on the signals GCLK, PWC1, and PWC2.

[0460] This allows, for example, the driver circuit GDB to supply a selection signal without the driver circuit GDA and the driver circuit GDC supplying a selection signal. Alternatively, the display of the area to which the driver circuit GDB supplies a selection signal can be updated without changing the display of the area to which the driver circuit GDA and the driver circuit GDC supply a selection signal. Alternatively, the power consumed by the driver circuit can be reduced.

[0461] [8th step] In the eighth step, the interrupt process is ended (see FIG. 18A (U8)). Note that the interrupt process may be repeatedly executed during the execution of the main process.

[0462] 《Specified Event》 For example, events such as "click" and "drag" provided using a pointing device such as a mouse, and events such as "tap," "drag," or "swipe" provided to a touch panel using a finger or the like as a pointer can be used.

[0463] Also, for example, the position of the slide bar pointed to by the pointer, the swipe speed, the drag speed, etc. can be used to provide arguments for commands associated with a given event.

[0464] For example, the information detected by the detection unit 250 can be compared with a preset threshold value, and the comparison result can be used for the event.

[0465] Specifically, a pressure-sensitive detector that comes into contact with a button or the like that is arranged so that it can be pressed into the housing can be used for the detection unit 250 .

[0466] Commands associated with specific events For example, the termination command may be associated with a certain event.

[0467] For example, a "page turn command" for switching the display from one image information to another can be associated with a specific event. In addition, an argument for determining the page turning speed used when executing the "page turn command" can be given using the specific event.

[0468] For example, a "scroll command" that moves the display position of a part of an image information and displays another part that is adjacent to the part can be associated with a specific event. Note that an argument that determines the speed at which the display is moved when the "scroll command" is executed can be given using the specific event.

[0469] For example, a command to set a display method or a command to generate image information can be associated with a specific event. An argument that determines the brightness of an image to be generated can be associated with a specific event. The argument that determines the brightness of an image to be generated can also be determined based on the brightness of the environment detected by the detection unit 250.

[0470] For example, a command to obtain information distributed using a push-type service using the communication unit 290 can be associated with a specific event.

[0471] The presence or absence of qualification to obtain information may be determined using location information detected by the detection unit 250. Specifically, it may be determined that the user is qualified to obtain information when the user is inside or in an area of ​​a specific classroom, school, conference room, company, building, etc. As a result, for example, educational materials distributed in a classroom of a school or university, etc., can be received and the information processing device 200 can be used as a textbook, etc. (see FIG. 16C). Or, materials distributed in a conference room of a company, etc. can be received and used as conference materials.

[0472] Note that this embodiment mode can be appropriately combined with other embodiment modes described in this specification.

[0473] (Embodiment 8) In this embodiment, a structure of a data processing device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0474] 19 to 21 are diagrams illustrating a configuration of an information processing device of one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 19A is a block diagram of the information processing device, and Figs. 19B to 19E are perspective views illustrating the configuration of the information processing device. Figs. 20A to 20E are perspective views illustrating the configuration of the information processing device. Figs. 21A and 21B are perspective views illustrating the configuration of the information processing device.

[0475] <Information processing device> An information processing device 5200B described in this embodiment includes an arithmetic device 5210 and an input / output device 5220 (see FIG. 19A).

[0476] The arithmetic unit 5210 has a function of receiving operation information and a function of supplying image information based on the operation information.

[0477] The input / output device 5220 includes a display unit 5230, an input unit 5240, a detection unit 5250, and a communication unit 5290, a function of supplying operation information, and a function of being supplied with image information. The input / output device 5220 also includes a function of supplying detection information, a function of supplying communication information, and a function of being supplied with communication information.

[0478] The input unit 5240 has a function of supplying operation information. For example, the input unit 5240 supplies operation information based on an operation by a user of the information processing device 5200B.

[0479] Specifically, the input unit 5240 can use a keyboard, a hardware button, a pointing device, a touch sensor, an illuminance sensor, an imaging device, a voice input device, an eye-gaze input device, a posture detection device, or the like.

[0480] The display unit 5230 has a function of displaying a display panel and image information. For example, the display panel described in Embodiment 3 or 4 can be used for the display unit 5230.

[0481] The detection unit 5250 has a function of supplying detection information, for example, a function of detecting the surrounding environment in which the information processing device is used and supplying the detected information.

[0482] Specifically, the detection unit 5250 can include an illuminance sensor, an imaging device, a posture detection device, a pressure sensor, a human sensor, or the like.

[0483] The communication unit 5290 has a function of receiving and supplying communication information. For example, it has a function of connecting to other electronic devices or communication networks by wireless communication or wired communication. Specifically, it has functions such as wireless local area communication, telephone communication, and short-distance wireless communication.

[0484] "Configuration example 1 of information processing device" For example, an outer shape that conforms to a cylindrical pillar or the like can be applied to the display unit 5230 (see FIG. 19B). Also, it has a function of changing the display method according to the illuminance of the usage environment. Also, it has a function of detecting the presence of a person and changing the display content. This allows it to be installed on a pillar of a building, for example. Or, it can display advertisements or guidance, or it can be used for digital signage, etc.

[0485] "Configuration example 2 of information processing device" For example, it has a function of generating image information based on the trajectory of a pointer used by a user (see FIG. 19C). Specifically, a display panel with a diagonal length of 20 inches or more, preferably 40 inches or more, and more preferably 55 inches or more can be used. Alternatively, multiple display panels can be arranged to be used in one display area. Alternatively, multiple display panels can be arranged to be used as a multi-screen. This allows the display to be used, for example, in an electronic blackboard, electronic bulletin board, electronic signboard, etc.

[0486] "Configuration example 3 of information processing device" It can receive information from another device and display it on the display unit 5230 (see FIG. 19D). Or it can display several options. Or it can allow the user to select some from the options and send a reply to the sender of the information. Or it can have a function to change the display method according to the illuminance of the usage environment, for example. This can reduce the power consumption of the smartwatch, for example. Or it can display an image on the smartwatch so that it can be used suitably even in an environment with strong external light, such as outdoors on a sunny day.

[0487] "Configuration example 4 of information processing device" The display unit 5230 has, for example, a curved surface that curves gently along the side of the housing (see FIG. 19E). Alternatively, the display unit 5230 has a display panel, and the display panel has a function of displaying on, for example, the front, side, top, and back. This allows information to be displayed on, for example, the front of the mobile phone as well as the side, top, and back.

[0488] "Configuration example 5 of information processing device" For example, information can be received from the Internet and displayed on the display unit 5230 (see FIG. 20A). A created message can be confirmed on the display unit 5230. A created message can be transmitted to another device. For example, a function is provided to change the display method according to the illuminance of the usage environment. This makes it possible to reduce the power consumption of the smartphone. For example, an image can be displayed on the smartphone so that the smartphone can be used suitably even in an environment with strong external light, such as outdoors on a sunny day.

[0489] "Configuration example 6 of information processing device" A remote controller can be used as the input unit 5240 (see FIG. 20B). Alternatively, for example, information can be received from a broadcast station or the Internet and displayed on the display unit 5230. Alternatively, a user can be photographed using the detection unit 5250. Alternatively, a video of the user can be transmitted. Alternatively, a viewing history of the user can be acquired and provided to a cloud service. Alternatively, recommendation information can be acquired from a cloud service and displayed on the display unit 5230. Alternatively, a program or video can be displayed based on the recommendation information. Alternatively, for example, a function of changing the display method according to the illuminance of the usage environment is provided. This allows the video to be displayed on the television system so that it can be used suitably even when strong external light shines into the room on a sunny day.

[0490] "Configuration Example 7 of Information Processing Device" For example, learning materials can be received from the Internet and displayed on the display unit 5230 (see FIG. 20C). Or, a report can be input using the input unit 5240 and sent to the Internet. Or, a correction result or evaluation of the report can be obtained from a cloud service and displayed on the display unit 5230. Or, suitable learning materials can be selected and displayed based on the evaluation.

[0491] For example, an image signal can be received from another information processing device and displayed on the display unit 5230. Alternatively, the display unit 5230 can be used as a sub-display by leaning it against a stand or the like. This allows images to be displayed on the tablet computer so that it can be used suitably even in an environment with strong external light, such as outdoors on a sunny day.

[0492] "Configuration Example 8 of Information Processing Device" The information processing device includes, for example, a plurality of display units 5230 (see FIG. 20D). For example, an image can be captured by the detection unit 5250 while being displayed on the display unit 5230. Alternatively, the captured image can be displayed on the detection unit. Alternatively, the captured image can be decorated using the input unit 5240. Alternatively, a message can be attached to the captured image. Alternatively, the captured image can be transmitted to the Internet. Alternatively, the device includes a function of changing the capture conditions according to the illuminance of the usage environment. This allows the subject to be displayed on the digital camera so that it can be viewed favorably even in an environment with strong external light, such as outdoors on a clear day.

[0493] "Configuration example 9 of information processing device" For example, the other information processing device can be used as a slave and the information processing device of this embodiment can be used as a master to control the other information processing device (see FIG. 20E). Alternatively, for example, a part of the image information can be displayed on the display unit 5230, and another part of the image information can be displayed on the display unit of the other information processing device. An image signal can be supplied. Alternatively, information to be written can be obtained from an input unit of the other information processing device using the communication unit 5290. This allows, for example, a wide display area to be utilized using a portable personal computer.

[0494] "Configuration example 10 of information processing device" The information processing device includes, for example, a detection unit 5250 that detects acceleration or orientation (see FIG. 21A). Alternatively, the detection unit 5250 can supply information related to the position of the user or the direction in which the user is facing. Alternatively, the information processing device can generate image information for the right eye and image information for the left eye based on the position of the user or the direction in which the user is facing. Alternatively, the display unit 5230 includes a display area for the right eye and a display area for the left eye. This allows, for example, an image of a virtual reality space that provides an immersive feeling to be displayed on a goggle-type information processing device.

[0495] "Configuration example 11 of information processing device" The information processing device includes, for example, an imaging device, a detection unit 5250 that detects acceleration or orientation (see FIG. 21B). Alternatively, the detection unit 5250 can supply information related to the user's position or the direction in which the user is facing. Alternatively, the information processing device can generate image information based on the user's position or the direction in which the user is facing. This makes it possible to display, for example, information attached to a real landscape. Alternatively, an image of an augmented reality space can be displayed on a glasses-type information processing device.

[0496] Note that this embodiment mode can be appropriately combined with other embodiment modes described in this specification. EXAMPLES

[0497] In this example, a structure and evaluation results of a manufactured display device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0498] FIG. 22 illustrates the display performance of a display device of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0499] <Configuration of the manufactured display device> The display device includes a display panel and a light source.

[0500] Configuration of the display device The specifications of the manufactured display device are shown in Table 1.

[0501] [Table 1]

[0502] <Display results> An image was displayed on the produced display device (see FIG. 22).

[0503] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiment modes shown in this specification.

[0504] For example, when it is explicitly stated in this specification that X and Y are connected, the case where X and Y are electrically connected, the case where X and Y are functionally connected, and the case where X and Y are directly connected are considered to be disclosed in this specification, etc. Therefore, it is not limited to a specific connection relationship, for example, a connection relationship shown in a figure or text, and a connection relationship other than that shown in a figure or text is also considered to be disclosed in the figure or text.

[0505] Here, X and Y are objects (for example, a device, an element, a circuit, a wiring, an electrode, a terminal, a conductive film, a layer, etc.).

[0506] An example of a case where X and Y are directly connected is a case where an element that enables an electrical connection between X and Y (e.g., a switch, a transistor, a capacitance element, an inductor, a resistance element, a diode, a display element, a light-emitting element, a load, etc.) is not connected between X and Y, and a case where X and Y are connected without an element that enables an electrical connection between X and Y (e.g., a switch, a transistor, a capacitance element, an inductor, a resistance element, a diode, a display element, a light-emitting element, a load, etc.).

[0507] As an example of a case where X and Y are electrically connected, one or more elements (e.g., a switch, a transistor, a capacitance element, an inductor, a resistance element, a diode, a display element, a light-emitting element, a load, etc.) that enable the electrical connection between X and Y can be connected between X and Y. The switch has a function of controlling on / off. In other words, the switch has a function of being in a conductive state (on state) or a non-conductive state (off state) and controlling whether or not a current flows. Alternatively, the switch has a function of selecting and switching a path for the current to flow. The case where X and Y are electrically connected includes the case where X and Y are directly connected.

[0508] As an example of a case where X and Y are functionally connected, one or more circuits that enable the functional connection between X and Y (for example, logic circuits (inverters, NAND circuits, NOR circuits, etc.), signal conversion circuits (DA conversion circuits, AD conversion circuits, gamma correction circuits, etc.), potential level conversion circuits (power supply circuits (boosting circuits, step-down circuits, etc.), level shifter circuits that change the potential level of a signal, etc.), voltage sources, current sources, switching circuits, amplifier circuits (circuits that can increase the signal amplitude or current amount, operational amplifiers, differential amplifier circuits, source follower circuits, buffer circuits, etc.), signal generation circuits, memory circuits, control circuits, etc.) can be connected between X and Y. As an example, even if another circuit is sandwiched between X and Y, if a signal output from X is transmitted to Y, X and Y are considered to be functionally connected. Note that the case where X and Y are functionally connected includes the case where X and Y are directly connected and the case where X and Y are electrically connected.

[0509] In addition, when it is explicitly stated that X and Y are electrically connected, the following cases are considered to be disclosed in this specification etc.: when X and Y are electrically connected (i.e., when they are connected with another element or circuit between them), when X and Y are functionally connected (i.e., when they are functionally connected with another circuit between them), and when X and Y are directly connected (i.e., when they are connected without another element or circuit between them). In other words, when it is explicitly stated that they are electrically connected, the same content as when it is simply and explicitly stated that they are connected is considered to be disclosed in this specification etc.

[0510] For example, when the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to X via (or without) Z1 and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y via (or without) Z2, or when the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is directly connected to a part of Z1, another part of Z1 is directly connected to X, the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is directly connected to a part of Z2, and another part of Z2 is directly connected to Y, it can be expressed as follows.

[0511] For example, it can be expressed as "X, Y, and the source (or first terminal, etc.) and drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor are electrically connected to each other, and are electrically connected in the order of X, the source (or first terminal, etc.) of the transistor, the drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor, and Y." Or, it can be expressed as "The source (or first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to X, the drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y, and X, the source (or first terminal, etc.) of the transistor, the drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor, and Y are electrically connected in this order." Or, it can be expressed as "X is electrically connected to Y through the source (or first terminal, etc.) and drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor, and X, the source (or first terminal, etc.) of the transistor, the drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor, and Y are provided in this connection order." By using expressions similar to these examples to specify the order of connections in a circuit configuration, the source (or first terminal, etc.) and drain (or second terminal, etc.) of a transistor can be distinguished and the technical scope can be determined.

[0512] Alternatively, as another way of expressing it, for example, it can be expressed as "the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to X via at least a first connection path, the first connection path does not have a second connection path, the second connection path is a path between the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor via a transistor, the first connection path is a path via Z1, and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y via at least a third connection path, the third connection path does not have the second connection path, and the third connection path is a path via Z2." Alternatively, it can be expressed as "the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to X via Z1 by at least a first connection path, the first connection path does not have a second connection path, the second connection path has a connection path via a transistor, and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y via Z2 by at least a third connection path, and the third connection path does not have the second connection path." Alternatively, it can be expressed as follows: "The source (or first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to X via Z1 by at least a first electrical path, the first electrical path does not have a second electrical path, the second electrical path is an electrical path from the source (or first terminal, etc.) of the transistor to the drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor, and the drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y via Z2 by at least a third electrical path, the third electrical path does not have a fourth electrical path, and the fourth electrical path is an electrical path from the drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor to the source (or first terminal, etc.) of the transistor." By using an expression method similar to these examples to define the connection path in the circuit configuration, the source (or first terminal, etc.) and the drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor can be distinguished to determine the technical scope.

[0513] Note that these representation methods are merely examples and are not limited to these representation methods. Here, X, Y, Z1, and Z2 are objects (for example, a device, an element, a circuit, a wiring, an electrode, a terminal, a conductive film, a layer, etc.).

[0514] In addition, even when components that are independent on a circuit diagram are shown as being electrically connected to each other, one component may have the functions of multiple components. For example, when a part of a wiring also functions as an electrode, one conductive film has both the functions of a wiring and an electrode. Therefore, the term "electrical connection" in this specification also includes such a case where one conductive film has the functions of multiple components. [Explanation of symbols]

[0515] A: input terminal, ACF1: conductive material, AF1: alignment film, AF2: alignment film, ANO: conductive film, B: input terminal, C1: capacitance element, C2: capacitance element, C3: capacitance element, C4: capacitance element, C5: capacitance element, C11: capacitance element, C12: capacitance element, C21: capacitance element, C22: capacitance element, CI: control information, CSCOM: conductive film, CP: conductive material, DS: detection information, E: input terminal, G1: output terminal, G2: output terminal, GCLK: signal, GL1: scanning line, GL2: scanning line, GN1: node, GN2: node, GN3: node, GN4: node, GVDD: wiring, GVSS: Wiring,II: Input information,KB1: Structure,LIN: Input terminal,M: Transistor,M1: Transistor,M3: Transistor,M4: Transistor,M5: Transistor,M6: Transistor,M7: Transistor,M12: Transistor,M13: Transistor,M15: Transistor,M16: Transistor,M17: Transistor,M18: Transistor,M19: Transistor,M20: Transistor,M21: Transistor,M22: Transistor,M23: Transistor,M24: Transistor,M31: Transistor,N1: Node,N2: Node, OUT: output terminal, P1: position information, PWC1: signal, PWC2: signal, PWCA1: wiring, PWCA4: wiring, PWCB1: wiring, PWCB4: wiring, R: terminal, RIN: input terminal, SL1: signal line, SL2: signal line, SP: control signal, SPL: wiring, SW11: switch, SW12: switch, SW21: switch, SW22: switch, SW23: switch, SW24: switch, V0: conductive film, V11: information, VCOM1: conductive film, VEE: wiring, VI: image information, FPC1: flexible printed circuit board, 200: information processing device, 210: Calculation device, 211: calculation unit, 212: memory unit, 213: artificial intelligence unit, 214: transmission path, 215: input / output interface, 220: input / output device, 230: display unit, 231: display area, 233: control circuit, 234: expansion circuit, 235: image processing circuit, 238: control unit, 240: input unit, 241: detection area, 248: control unit, 250: detection unit, 290: communication unit, 501C: insulating film, 504: conductive film, 506: insulating film, 508: semiconductor film, 508A: region, 508B: region, 508C: region, 510: substrate, 512A: conductive film, 512B: conductive film, 516: insulating film,518: insulating film, 519B: terminal, 520: functional layer, 521: insulating film, 521B: insulating film, 524: conductive film, 530: pixel circuit, 591A: opening, 700: display panel, 700TP: input / output panel, 702: pixel, 705: sealing material, 750: display element, 751: electrode, 752: electrode, 753: layer, 754: conductive film, 770: substrate, 770P: functional film, 802: detector, 5200B: information processing device, 5210: arithmetic device, 5220: input / output device, 5230: display unit, 5240: input unit, 5250: detection unit, 5290: communication unit,

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display comprising a pixel and a drive circuit, The pixel includes a first transistor to a fifth transistor, a capacitor, and a light-emitting element, the driving circuit includes sixth to ninth transistors, one of a source and a drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first wiring; the other of the source and the drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to the gate of the fifth transistor; a gate of the first transistor is electrically connected to a second wiring; one of a source and a drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to a third wiring; the other of the source and the drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to a first electrode of the capacitor; a gate of the second transistor is electrically connected to a fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to a conductive film; the other of the source and the drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the other of the source and the drain of the fifth transistor; a gate of the third transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the other of a source and a drain of the fifth transistor; the other of the source and the drain of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the light emitting element; a gate of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to a fifth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a sixth wiring; the other electrode of the capacitance element is electrically connected to the gate of the fifth transistor; one of a source and a drain of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to a gate of the sixth transistor; the other of the source and the drain of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to one of the source and the drain of the ninth transistor; Semiconductor device.

2. A liquid crystal display comprising a pixel and a driving circuit, The pixel includes a first transistor to a fifth transistor, a capacitor, and a light-emitting element, the driving circuit includes sixth to ninth transistors, one of a source and a drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first wiring; the other of the source and the drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to the gate of the fifth transistor; a gate of the first transistor is electrically connected to a second wiring; one of a source and a drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to a third wiring; the other of the source and the drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to a first electrode of the capacitor; a gate of the second transistor is electrically connected to a fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to a conductive film; the other of the source and the drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the other of the source and the drain of the fifth transistor; a gate of the third transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the other of a source and a drain of the fifth transistor; the other of the source and the drain of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the light emitting element; a gate of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to a fifth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a sixth wiring; the other electrode of the capacitance element is electrically connected to the gate of the fifth transistor; one of a source and a drain of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to a gate of the sixth transistor; the other of the source and the drain of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to one of the source and the drain of the ninth transistor; a first potential is supplied to the gate of the eighth transistor; Semiconductor device.

3. A pixel and a driving circuit, The pixel includes a first transistor to a fifth transistor, a capacitor, and a light-emitting element, the driving circuit includes sixth to ninth transistors, one of a source and a drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first wiring; the other of the source and the drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to the gate of the fifth transistor; a gate of the first transistor is electrically connected to a second wiring; one of a source and a drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to a third wiring; the other of the source and the drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to a first electrode of the capacitor; a gate of the second transistor is electrically connected to a fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to a conductive film; the other of the source and the drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the other of the source and the drain of the fifth transistor; a gate of the third transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the other of a source and a drain of the fifth transistor; the other of the source and the drain of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the light emitting element; a gate of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to a fifth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a sixth wiring; the other electrode of the capacitance element is electrically connected to the gate of the fifth transistor; one of a source and a drain of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to a gate of the sixth transistor; the other of the source and the drain of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to one of the source and the drain of the ninth transistor; The driver circuit has a function of supplying a signal to the fourth wiring. Semiconductor device.

4. A pixel and a driving circuit, The pixel includes a first transistor to a fifth transistor, a capacitor, and a light-emitting element, the driving circuit includes sixth to ninth transistors, one of a source and a drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first wiring; the other of the source and the drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to the gate of the fifth transistor; a gate of the first transistor is electrically connected to a second wiring; one of a source and a drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to a third wiring; the other of the source and the drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to a first electrode of the capacitor; a gate of the second transistor is electrically connected to a fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to a conductive film; the other of the source and the drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the other of the source and the drain of the fifth transistor; a gate of the third transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the other of a source and a drain of the fifth transistor; the other of the source and the drain of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the light emitting element; a gate of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to a fifth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a sixth wiring; the other electrode of the capacitance element is electrically connected to the gate of the fifth transistor; one of a source and a drain of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to a gate of the sixth transistor; the other of the source and the drain of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to one of the source and the drain of the ninth transistor; a first potential is supplied to the gate of the eighth transistor; The driver circuit has a function of supplying a signal to the fourth wiring. Semiconductor device.

Images