Indoor exhaust flooring

Abstract

To provide an indoor exhaust floor material which improves the manageability and exhaust performance of a system for exhausting air into an under-floor space in a room without the under-floor space. [Solution] The indoor exhaust floor material 1 is characterized by comprising: of multiple main plates 2 that form an enclosed space Q, a first main plate 2f on the indoor side in which an air vent 3 is drilled; a second main plate 2b on the outdoor side that faces and is spaced downward from the first main plate 2f; a straightening section 4 that is provided on the inner surface of the second main plate 2b and has a first inclined surface that becomes wider in diameter as it extends downward; an exhaust pipe 5 that connects the enclosed space Q to the outdoors and is positioned above the straightening section 4 with its opening end on the enclosed space Q side oriented downward toward the straightening section 4; and a first hood section 6 that extends downward from the opening end 51 of the exhaust pipe 5, has a second inclined surface that becomes wider in diameter as it extends downward, and is spaced apart from the straightening section 4.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an indoor exhaust floor material to be installed inside a building. [Background technology]

[0002] Currently, research is being conducted on technologies to exhaust air inside buildings by utilizing spaces under floors and behind walls. In recent years, there are many highly airtight residences and facilities, such as reinforced concrete and steel frame systems, commercial facilities, and tower apartments. These are buildings where many people gather, and there is a growing awareness of the need for ventilation inside buildings due to the spread of infectious diseases. On the other hand, almost all ventilation methods use ventilation fans installed on the ceiling or at high places. After scattering, minute viruses and bacteria that are the focus of infectious diseases fall to the floor below, forming a dense layer of the focus and gathering at the feet, and there is a problem that they are repeatedly scattered when people walk. For the above reasons, even in the clean environment of operating rooms in medical facilities, which are the strictest in terms of infection prevention, the CDC (US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Guidelines for Prevention of Surgical Site Infections (1999) stipulate that ventilation measures should be "air supplied from the ceiling and exhausted from near the floor." For the same reason, not only is it important to prevent infections caused by viruses and bacteria, but also so-called dust, such as house dust, that is generated in people's living spaces is dispersed and then collected downward, causing illnesses such as asthma. Also, conventional underfloor vents in buildings were designed to exhaust air from the space under the floor, not from the indoor space. Given this situation, there is a strong need for ventilation through exhaust from other than the ceiling, such as floor or wall exhaust, as part of creating a healthier environment.

[0003] In addition, as the separation of smoking areas is becoming more common worldwide, in smoking rooms, smokers themselves are at risk of being affected by other people's smoking through second-hand smoke. On the other hand, as a measure against the risk of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 worldwide, the construction of properly managed ventilation systems is recommended in places where people gather. In particular, smoking rooms are closed rooms where multiple people are present, so in addition to the risk of being affected by smoking, there is a considerable risk of contracting an infectious disease. Therefore, in smoking rooms and other indoor spaces, there is a demand for an indoor ventilation method to solve these two risks.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses an indoor exhaust floor material having an enclosed space formed therein. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7508149 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The ventilation device disclosed in Patent Document 1 can improve the ease of installation of a system that exhausts air into a space under the floor in a room without such a space. However, the ventilation device disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a risk of clogging the exhaust path when a foreign object passes through the exhaust port and enters the closed space. Also, there is room for improving the ventilation volume in order to solve the above-mentioned risks of smoking or infectious diseases by implementing daily ventilation. For the above reasons, there is room for improvement in the management and exhaust performance of the system related to floor exhaust in the ventilation device disclosed in Patent Document 1.

[0007] The present invention has been devised in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide an indoor exhaust floor material that improves the manageability and exhaust performance of a system that exhausts into the underfloor space in a room that does not have an underfloor space. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The indoor exhaust floor material in the first invention is an indoor exhaust floor material for exhausting indoor air to the outside, and is characterized in that it comprises: a first main board on the indoor side, among a plurality of main boards that are spaced apart and facing each other to form a blocked space, and in which air holes are drilled; a second main board on the outdoor side, among the plurality of main boards, that is spaced downward and faces the first main board; a straightening section provided on the inner surface of the second main board, and having a first inclined surface that increases in diameter as it extends downward; an exhaust pipe that connects the blocked space and the outside, is positioned above the straightening section, and has an opening end on the blocked space side that is oriented downward toward the straightening section; and a first hood section that extends downward from the open end of the exhaust pipe, has a second inclined surface that increases in diameter as it extends downward, and is spaced apart from the straightening section. Effect of the Invention

[0009] According to the first invention, the indoor exhaust floor material includes a straightening section having a first inclined surface that expands in diameter as it goes downward, an exhaust pipe whose open end is oriented downward toward the straightening section, and a first hood section that extends downward from the open end of the exhaust pipe, has a second inclined surface that expands in diameter as it goes downward, and is spaced apart from the straightening section. Therefore, foreign matter that passes through the vent hole and falls into the closed space is hindered by the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface, and does not flow into the open end, and is less likely to be sucked into the exhaust pipe, thereby suppressing clogging of the exhaust path. This improves the manageability of the system that exhausts to the underfloor space in a room without a underfloor space. In addition, the pressure loss inside or below the exhaust pipe can be reduced. This improves the exhaust performance of the system that exhausts to the underfloor space in a room without a underfloor space. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the indoor exhaust floor material in this embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the indoor exhaust floor material in this embodiment. [Diagram 3]FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged view showing an example of the indoor exhaust floor material in this embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a top perspective view corresponding to FIG. [Diagram 5] 5(a) and 5(b) are schematic enlarged views showing modified examples of the airflow straightening section of the indoor exhaust floor material in this embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view showing an example of the indoor exhaust floor material in this embodiment with the first main plate omitted. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a schematic enlarged view showing a modified example of an exhaust pipe in the indoor exhaust floor material in this embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an indoor exhaust floor structure using the indoor exhaust floor material in this embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a modified example of the indoor exhaust floor structure using the indoor exhaust floor material in this embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a simulation result for the indoor exhaust floor material of Example 1 of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a simulation result for the indoor exhaust floor material of Example 2 of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a simulation result for the indoor exhaust floor material of Comparative Example 1. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a simulation result for the indoor exhaust floor material of Comparative Example 2. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a simulation result for the indoor exhaust floor material of Comparative Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] Hereinafter, an example of an indoor exhaust floor material 1 as an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, a first direction is designated as X, one direction perpendicular to the first direction X is designated as second direction Y, and a direction perpendicular to each of the first direction X and the second direction Y is designated as downward direction Z. The configurations in each drawing are depicted diagrammatically for the purpose of explanation, and for example, the size of each component and the size comparison between the components may differ from those in the drawing.

[0012] (Indoor exhaust flooring 1) An example of the indoor exhaust floor material 1 in this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0013] The indoor exhaust floor material 1 is a floor material for constituting an indoor exhaust floor structure 100 that is constructed on the indoor floor surface of a building in order to exhaust indoor air to the outside, as shown in Fig. 1. The indoor exhaust floor material 1 is a floor material that separates the indoor space R and the outdoor space O, and constitutes at least a part of the floor that forms the indoor space R.

[0014] Here, the indoor space R refers to, for example, a closed space, and particularly includes spaces that require continuous exhaust, such as operating rooms and smoking rooms.

[0015] The indoor exhaust floor material 1 has, for example, a plurality of main plates 2 that face each other at a distance to form a closed space Q, and the plurality of main plates 2 include a first main plate 2f on the indoor side in which an air vent 3 is drilled, and a second main plate 2b on the outdoor side that faces the first main plate 2f at a distance.

[0016] Here, when the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is installed indoors, the closed space Q becomes an underfloor space that is an exhaust path, and the indoor space R and the underfloor space are connected through the vent hole 3. On the other hand, for example, in the conventional floor surface exhaust, in order to install the exhaust piping under the floor, it was usually troublesome to scrape off the entire floor surface or peel off most of the floor surface and then install the exhaust piping. According to the indoor exhaust floor structure 100, by exhausting the indoor space R through the closed space Q, the underfloor space can be easily formed without the trouble of newly excavating the floor surface, and exhaust to the underfloor space of the building can be realized. This improves the ease of installation of the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 that can exhaust to the underfloor space.

[0017] Also, as shown in Figs. 2 to 5, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 includes a straightening section 4 provided on the second main plate 2b and having a first inclined surface 41 that is enlarged in diameter as it goes downward, an exhaust pipe 5 whose open end 51 is oriented downward toward the straightening section 4, and a first hood section 6 that extends downward from the open end 51 of the exhaust pipe 5 and has a second inclined surface 61 that is enlarged in diameter as it goes downward, and is spaced apart from the straightening section 4. When the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is installed indoors, it connects the underfloor space and the outdoor space O through the exhaust pipe 5. In this case, foreign matter that passes through the vent hole 3 and falls into the closed space Q is obstructed by the first inclined surface 41 and the second inclined surface 61 and does not flow into the open end 51, and is less likely to be sucked into the exhaust pipe 5, so clogging of the exhaust path can be suppressed. This can improve the manageability of the system that exhausts to the underfloor space in a room without a underfloor space. Note that Fig. 3 is a schematic enlarged view of a part of the indoor exhaust floor material 1. 4 is a top perspective view corresponding to the indoor exhaust floor material 1 of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of the indoor exhaust floor material 1 with the floor surface thereof omitted.

[0018] In addition, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 may further include a second hood portion 7 that extends radially outward from the butt end of the first hood portion 6 and faces the second main plate 2b, spaced apart from each other and approximately parallel to the second main plate 2b.

[0019] 1, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is connected to the indoor space R and the air supply duct 91 of the air supply and exhaust device 9, so that the closed space Q and the outdoor space O communicate with each other as an air supply path. In addition, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is connected to the exhaust duct 92 of the air supply and exhaust device 9, so that the closed space Q and the outdoor space O communicate with each other as an exhaust path. At this time, the drive unit 90 of the air supply and exhaust device 9 performs air supply and exhaust operation, so that exhaust is performed in the closed space Q with the exhaust direction being from the first end 21 to the second end 22, and air is supplied with the air supply direction being from the top to the bottom of the indoor space R.

[0020] The shape of the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is, for example, a hollow, approximately rectangular parallelepiped shape. The dimensions of the indoor exhaust floor material 1 are, for example, a width w1 in the second direction Y of about 300 mm and a width w2 in the downward direction Z of about 22 mm. The widths w1 and w2 are designed based on, for example, the cross-sectional area (cross-sectional area perpendicular to the exhaust direction) of the closed space Q according to the exhaust capacity required for the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 and the plate thickness of the multiple main plates 2 according to the durability performance required for the indoor exhaust floor material 1. Note that the width w3 in the first direction X may be any length, for example, about 1 to 5 m, since the first direction X is the exhaust direction in this embodiment and the length does not directly affect the supply and exhaust capacity. In addition, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 may be, for example, a rectangular shape in a plan view or a square shape in a plan view.

[0021] Here, conventional exhaust systems that use the underfloor space as an exhaust path are large, about 40 to 100 mm thick, and have the inconvenience of creating a raised area when installed in an existing room. On the other hand, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 of the present invention has a thin width w2 in the downward direction Z of about 22 mm, making it highly convenient as an indoor floor material, and by using it as an indoor floor material, the inside of this floor material can be used as an exhaust path for the underfloor space. In addition, this thinness reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust path, making it easier to exhaust at a faster wind speed. This improves the efficiency of exhausting air into the underfloor space of a building.

[0022] The indoor exhaust floor material 1 is made of a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel (SUS304, etc.).

[0023] <Multiple main plates 2> The multiple main plates 2 include, for example, a first main plate 2f and a second main plate 2b that are spaced apart and face each other to form an enclosed space Q, and a first end portion 21 and a second end portion 22 that are spaced apart and face each other to form an enclosed space Q.

[0024] Of the multiple main plates 2, the separation width between the second main plate 2b and the first main plate 2f, i.e., the width of the enclosed space Q in the downward direction Z (depth direction), is, for example, about 14 mm. Furthermore, of the multiple main plates 2, the thickness of a pair of side plates extending in a second planar direction including the first direction X and the downward direction Z, excluding the main plates 2f, 2b and the ends 21, 22, is, for example, about 4 mm each. In this case, the separation width between the pair of side plates, i.e., the width of the enclosed space Q in the second direction Y, is, for example, about 292 mm.

[0025] <1st main plate 2f> The first main plate 2f is a plate member installed on the indoor space R side among the multiple main plates 2 of the indoor exhaust floor material 1. The first main plate 2f extends in a first planar direction including the first direction X and the second direction Y, for example.

[0026] The first main plate 2f has a thickness of, for example, about 4 mm.

[0027] The first main plate 2f is a floor surface of the indoor space R, and is an upper plate material of the multiple main plates 2. That is, the first main plate 2f faces the second main plate 2b with a space therebetween above.

[0028] The first main plate 2f is provided with, for example, one or more air vents 3. At this time, the indoor space R and the enclosed space Q are connected via the air vents 3. For example, a known lattice cover may be used as the first main plate 2f. In this case, since the gaps in the lattice correspond to the air vents 3, it is not necessary to newly provide the air vents 3.

[0029] <Second main plate 2b> The second main plate 2b is a plate material that is installed on the outdoor space O side among the multiple main plates 2 of the indoor exhaust floor material 1. The second main plate 2b extends, for example, in a first planar direction including the first direction X and the second direction Y. The second main plate 2b is, for example, parallel to the first main plate 2f.

[0030] The second main plate 2b has a thickness of, for example, about 4 mm.

[0031] The second main plate 2b is the surface opposite to the floor surface of the indoor space R, and is the lower plate member of the multiple main plates 2. That is, the second main plate 2b faces the first main plate 2f with a space therebelow.

[0032] 2, the second main plate 2b is provided on its inner surface with one or more straightening sections 4. The number of straightening sections 4 provided depends on, for example, the number and positions of the exhaust pipes 5. At this time, air traveling between the indoor space R and the enclosed space Q collides with the straightening sections 4.

[0033] <First end 21, second end 22> The first end 21 and the second end 22 are plate members among the multiple main plates 2 of the indoor exhaust floor material 1 for determining the exhaust direction in the enclosed space Q. The first end 21 and the second end 22 extend in a third plane direction including, for example, the second direction Y and the downward direction Z.

[0034] In this embodiment, for example, the surfaces other than the first main plate 2f and the second end 22 (including the second main plate 2b and a pair of side plates) are closed, and at least a part of the second end 22 is open. In addition, the closed space Q of the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is connected to the outdoor space O via the air supply and exhaust device 9 connected to the opening provided in the second end 22, for example. As a result, the indoor space R is connected to the outdoor space O via the closed space Q. In addition, the exhaust direction in the closed space Q when exhausting from the indoor space R to the outdoor space O is the direction from the first end 21 to the second end 22. Note that the second end 22 may be open on the entire end by not providing a plate material extended in the third plane direction.

[0035] <Ventilation hole 3> The ventilation hole 3 is formed in the first main plate 2f. The ventilation hole 3 connects the indoor space R and the enclosed space Q.

[0036] In this embodiment, the shape of the vent hole 3 is described as a circle, but any shape can be used as long as the area according to the required exhaust capacity can be ensured. The dimensions of the vent hole 3 need only be such that a person can walk on the first main plate 2f and air can flow from the indoor space R into the enclosed space Q.

[0037] The ventilation hole 3 may be provided with a filter to cover the opening, for example, on the inner or outer surface of the first main plate 2f. The filter may be, for example, a known breathable nonwoven fabric filter. By providing a filter, it is possible to prevent dust and dirt contained in the exhaust air from blocking the exhaust path in the closed space Q when exhausting air from the indoor space R to the outdoor space O through the closed space Q.

[0038] <Rectifier section 4> 2 and 3, the flow straightening portion 4 is provided on the second main plate 2b on the inner side of the enclosed space Q. The flow straightening portion 4 is made of the same or different material as the second main plate 2b, and is detachable from the second main plate 2b.

[0039] The flow straightening portion 4 has, for example, a top portion 40, a first inclined surface 41, and a bottom portion 42. The flow straightening portion 4 is a protrusion having the first inclined surface 41 that increases in diameter as it approaches the downward direction Z. The flow straightening portion 4 is installed on the inner surface of the second main plate 2b, for example, with the bottom portion 42 serving as an installation surface.

[0040] In this embodiment, the shape of the straightening section 4 is described as a cone, but it may be any protrusion shape having a first inclined surface 41, for example, a pyramid including a polygonal pyramid, or a frustum including a truncated cone and a truncated pyramid.

[0041] The straightening unit 4 may be, for example, a cone. In this case, the exhaust speed is less likely to decrease in the space between the straightening unit 4 and the exhaust pipe 5 compared to when a frustum is used. This makes it possible to suppress a decrease in the exhaust efficiency of the system that exhausts into the underfloor space. The effectiveness of using a cone-shaped straightening unit 4 will be described later in the examples.

[0042] As shown in Fig. 3, for example, the straightening section 4 is preferably an isosceles triangle with a base angle α = 30° and an apex angle β = 120° in a side view. In this case, the exhaust speed is less likely to decrease in the space between the straightening section 4 and the exhaust pipe 5 compared to when the base angle α is greater than or less than 30°, or when the apex angle β is greater than or less than 120°. This makes it possible to suppress a decrease in the exhaust efficiency of the system that exhausts into the underfloor space. The effectiveness of using a cone-shaped straightening section 4 with a base angle α = 30° and an apex angle β = 120° will be described in the examples below.

[0043] In the flow straightening unit 4, as shown in Fig. 5(a), for example, a first inclined surface 41 may have a plurality of inclined surfaces 41a, 41b having different inclination angles (base angles) γ, δ from the top 40 to the bottom 42. The inclined surface 41a has an inclination angle γ with respect to the first direction X. The inclined surface 41b has an inclination angle δ with respect to the first direction X. In the example of Fig. 5(a), an example is shown in which the inclination angle γ is smaller than the inclination angle δ.

[0044] That is, in the airflow straightening section 4, the inclination angle of the first inclined surface 41 decreases from the first main plate 2f toward the downward direction Z. In this case, when the exhaust air in the enclosed space Q collides with the first inclined surface 41, the exhaust direction is changed more gently, and the exhaust noise caused by the collision can be suppressed. This improves the convenience of the indoor exhaust floor material 1.

[0045] 5(b), the airflow control section 4 may have a first inclined surface 41 that is a concave curved surface with a smaller inclination angle from the top 40 to the bottom 42. In this case as well, the exhaust direction is changed more gently, and exhaust noise caused by collisions can be suppressed, improving the convenience of the indoor exhaust floor material 1.

[0046] The rectifier 4 is joined to the inner surface of the second main plate 2b, for example, as a separate body of the second main plate 2b. The rectifier 4 may be integral with the second main plate 11b, for example. In this case, deformation or peeling due to shear stress of the rectifier 4 caused by the exhaust air from the indoor space R colliding with the first inclined surface 41 can be prevented. This can improve the durability of the indoor exhaust floor structure 100. The rectifier 4 may be provided by a method in which the second main plate 2b is plastically deformed by press working or the like. The rectifier 4 may also be provided by a method in which the surrounding surface of the second main plate 2b is cut out by cutting working or the like.

[0047] The dimensions of the flow straightening section 4 are, for example, such that the diameter of the bottom section 42 is about 50 to 150 mm, and the height along the downward direction Z is preferably half or more the height of the enclosed space Q, for example, about 11 to 30 mm.

[0048] <Exhaust pipe 5> The exhaust pipe 5 connects the closed space Q and the outdoor space O. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, for example, the exhaust pipe 5 is disposed above the airflow straightening unit 4, and an open end 51 on the closed space Q side is oriented downward toward the airflow straightening unit 4. The orientation of the open end 51 may be vertically downward (downward direction Z) or obliquely downward.

[0049] The open end 51 of the exhaust pipe 5 may be oriented in the downward direction Z toward the top 40 of the flow straightening unit 4, for example. That is, the exhaust pipe 5 is provided so that the open end 51 and the top 40 overlap when viewed in the downward direction Z, i.e., in a plan view. In this case, the exhaust speed is less likely to decrease in the space between the flow straightening unit 4 and the exhaust pipe 5, compared to when the open end 51 is oriented toward the first inclined surface 41 other than the top 40. This makes it possible to suppress a decrease in the exhaust efficiency of the system that exhausts to the underfloor space. In addition, compared to when the open end 51 is oriented diagonally downward, foreign matter that passes through the air vent 3 and falls into the closed space Q does not flow into the open end 51 unless it rises along the first inclined surface 41 and reaches the top 40, so it is less likely to be sucked into the exhaust pipe 5, and clogging of the exhaust path can be further suppressed. This makes it possible to further improve the manageability of the system that exhausts to the underfloor space in a room without an underfloor space.

[0050] Furthermore, when the open end 51 of the exhaust pipe 5 is oriented in the downward direction Z, the exhaust of the horizontal laminar flow flowing in the first planar direction including the first direction X and the second direction Y in the enclosed space Q can be reliably exhausted after colliding with the first inclined surface 41 and being converted into a vertical laminar flow along the upward direction opposite to the downward direction Z. In detail, the horizontal laminar flow in the enclosed space Q before colliding with the first inclined surface 41 is converted into an exhaust direction along the first inclined surface 41 and then converted into a vertical laminar flow whose exhaust direction is along the upward direction, so that the exhaust efficiency is higher than when the horizontal laminar flow is converted into a vertical laminar flow without colliding with the first inclined surface 41. This can improve the exhaust efficiency to the underfloor space.

[0051] A plurality of exhaust pipes 5 may be connected to the exhaust duct 92 of the air supply and exhaust device 9, as shown in Fig. 6, for example. In this case, each exhaust pipe 5 may be provided with one open end 51. In this case, a problem such as clogging of one open end 51 is unlikely to affect the other open ends 51. This can improve the convenience of the indoor exhaust floor material 1.

[0052] 7, the exhaust pipes 5 may be provided with multiple open ends 51. In this case, compared to when each exhaust pipe 5 has one open end 51, the number of exhaust pipes 5 exposed from the second end 22 can be reduced, and the processing of the second end 22 can be facilitated. This can improve the manufacturability of the indoor exhaust floor material 1.

[0053] The dimensions of the exhaust pipe 5 may be the same as those of a known exhaust pipe, for example, the diameter of the open end 51 and the inner diameter of the pipe. The exhaust pipe 5 has an open end 51 with a diameter smaller than that of the flow straightening section 4, and is preferably provided so that the top 40 and at least a part of the first inclined surface 41 overlap with the open end 51 when viewed in the downward direction Z, i.e., in a plan view. In this case, the horizontal laminar flow in the closed space Q reliably collides with the first inclined surface 41, is converted into an exhaust direction along the first inclined surface 41, and then the exhaust direction is converted into a vertical laminar flow along the upward direction, so that the exhaust efficiency is higher than when the horizontal laminar flow is converted into a vertical laminar flow without colliding with the first inclined surface 41. This can improve the exhaust efficiency to the underfloor space.

[0054] <First Food Section 6> The first hood portion 6 extends downward from the open end 51 of the exhaust pipe 5, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, for example. The first hood portion 6 has a second inclined surface 61 that, for example, increases in diameter as it extends downward. The first hood portion 6 is separated from, for example, the flow straightening portion 4. The first hood portion 6 has, for example, a tapered shape that increases in diameter as it extends downward, and extends downward at a predetermined opening angle.

[0055] The first hood section 6 forms a first space between the rectifier section 4 and the first hood section 6, which serves as an exhaust path. The second inclined surface 61 of the first hood section 6 faces the first inclined surface 41 of the rectifier section 4 in the first space. In this case, the foreign matter that passes through the vent hole 3 and falls into the closed space Q does not flow directly into the open end 51 due to the second inclined surface 61, and is not sucked into the exhaust pipe 5 unless it passes through the first space along the first inclined surface 41, so that clogging of the exhaust path can be suppressed. This can improve the installation and management of a system that exhausts to an underfloor space in a room without an underfloor space. In addition, the pressure loss inside or below the exhaust pipe can be reduced. This can improve the exhaust performance of a system that exhausts to an underfloor space in a room without an underfloor space.

[0056] Furthermore, the second inclined surface 61 of the first hood portion 6 may be arranged parallel to and spaced from the first inclined surface 41 of the airflow straightening portion 4 in the first spaced space in a side view, for example. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, when the apex angle β of the airflow straightening portion 4 is 120°, the opening angle of the first hood portion 6 is also 120° (extending downward by 30° with respect to the first direction X). In this case, the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust path is approximately constant, and the wind speed of the exhaust is likely to be stable. This can improve the exhaust performance of the system that exhausts into the underfloor space in a room without an underfloor space.

[0057] If the opening angle of the first hood section 6 exceeds 120°, the opening angle of the first hood section 6 relative to the opening end 51 becomes too steep, making it difficult to convert the horizontal laminar flow to a vertical laminar flow. In addition, it is preferable from the viewpoint of fluid dynamics to incline the second hood section 7 outwardly by 30° relative to the first hood section 6. In this case, if the opening angle of the first hood section 6 exceeds 120°, the second hood section 7 will be inclined upward from the horizontal, which is undesirable because it may cause dust to easily enter and may result in a decrease in exhaust performance. In addition, if the opening angle of the first hood section 6 is less than 120°, the opening angle of the first hood section 6 relative to the second main plate 2b and the second hood section 7 will be too steep, making it difficult to convert the horizontal laminar flow to a vertical laminar flow, making it difficult to convert the horizontal laminar flow to a vertical laminar flow.

[0058] The first hood portion 6 has an upper, reduced diameter terminal end portion connected to the open end portion 51 of the exhaust pipe 5. The first hood portion 6 may be formed, for example, by joining a prefabricated tapered pipe to the open end portion 51 of the exhaust pipe 5, or the end portion of the exhaust pipe 5 may be processed to form the first hood portion 6 in a tapered shape.

[0059] The first hood portion 6 may have the second hood portion 7 connected to, for example, a bottom end portion thereof that is enlarged in diameter.

[0060] The first hood section 6 may be provided with an air filter (not shown) at, for example, the lower, enlarged butt end so as to cover the opening of the butt end. The air filter may be, for example, a known wire mesh filter or nonwoven fabric filter that is breathable and prevents the intrusion of foreign matter. By providing an air filter, it is possible to prevent dust and dirt contained in the exhaust air from blocking the exhaust path in the closed space Q when exhausting air from the indoor space R through the closed space Q to the outdoor space O.

[0061] <Second Food Section 7> The second hood section 7 extends radially outward from the butt end of the first hood section 6 on the second main plate 2b side, as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 6 for example. The second hood section 7 faces the second main plate 2b, for example, approximately parallel to the second main plate 2b, at a distance from each other. In this case, the opening angle of the second hood section 7 is approximately 180°. Note that it is preferable to incline the second hood section 7 outward or upward by 30° with respect to the first hood section 6, since this obviously improves the exhaust performance in terms of fluid dynamics.

[0062] The second hood portion 7 forms a second space between the second main plate 2b and the second hood portion 7, for example, which serves as an exhaust path. The inner surface of the second hood portion 7 faces the inner surface of the second main plate 2b in the second space. In this case, the foreign matter that passes through the vent hole 3 and falls into the closed space Q does not flow directly into the first space by the second hood portion 7, and is not sucked into the exhaust pipe 5 unless it passes through the second space, so that clogging of the exhaust path can be suppressed. This improves the installation and management of the system that exhausts to the underfloor space in a room without the underfloor space. In addition, by providing the second hood portion 7, exhaust can be sucked in from a wider range than in the case without the second hood portion 7, and a more uniform downward airflow can be created in the room space R. This improves the quality of the exhaust performance of the system that exhausts to the underfloor space in a room without the underfloor space.

[0063] The second hood portion 7 has an annular shape in plan view extending radially outward from the entire outer periphery of the butt end of the first hood portion 6, as shown in Figures 4 and 6, for example. The shape of the second hood portion 7 may be designed according to the outer periphery shape of the butt end of the first hood portion 6, and may be either annular or angular in plan view. The second hood portion 7 may be formed by joining a pre-processed tubular member to the butt end of the first hood portion 6, for example, or the butt end of the first hood portion 6 may be processed to form the second hood portion 7 having an annular shape in plan view extending radially outward.

[0064] <Indoor exhaust floor structure 100> As shown in Fig. 8, for example, the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 includes an indoor exhaust floor material 1 and an air supply / exhaust device 9 for performing a first type of ventilation. The indoor exhaust floor structure 100 supplies air from the outdoor space O to the indoor space R, for example, via an air supply duct 91 and an air supply port 91a of the air supply / exhaust device 9. The indoor exhaust floor structure 100 also exhausts air from the indoor space R to the outdoor space O, for example, via an exhaust duct 92 and an exhaust port 92a of the air supply / exhaust device 9. At this time, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 exhausts the air from the indoor space R to the outdoor space O through the air vent 3, the closed space Q, and the exhaust pipe 5.

[0065] The indoor exhaust floor structure 100 can exhaust air from the indoor space R to the outdoor space O through the indoor exhaust floor material 1, for example, by controlling the air supply and exhaust device 9. The closed space Q is isolated from the outdoor space O, which can prevent small animals from entering from the outside. In addition, because the closed space Q is isolated from the outdoor space O, the exhaust direction is less likely to be disturbed inside, which can improve exhaust efficiency.

[0066] The indoor exhaust floor structure 100 may be combined with an existing air supply duct or the like to exhaust the air in the indoor space R. In the conventional exhaust method, for example, the air in the indoor space R is exhausted through a ventilation port installed on the ceiling. For this reason, a vertical laminar flow is formed in which the indoor air moves from bottom to top, and infectious substances such as viruses and bacteria are stirred up, which may cause the spread of infection. On the other hand, the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 takes in outside air from the outdoor space O through a ventilation port installed on the ceiling, and exhausts the air in the indoor space R to the outdoor space O through the closed space Q in the indoor exhaust floor material 1, the exhaust pipe 5, and the supply and exhaust device 9, as shown in FIG. 8, for example, so that a vertical laminar flow is formed in which the indoor air moves from top to bottom, which suppresses the spread of infectious substances such as viruses and bacteria, and contributes to the prevention of infection. Note that the arrows in the indoor space R and the supply and exhaust device 9 in the figure indicate the flow of air.

[0067] 9, the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 may be provided with an intake device 9' for performing third-type ventilation, which does not have an air supply function and achieves exhaust by intake, instead of the air supply and exhaust device 9. Compared with the air supply and exhaust device 9 for first-type ventilation, the intake device 9' for third-type ventilation is easier to reduce the introduction cost of the device and is less prone to problems such as condensation, making it easier to improve durability.

[0068] In addition, the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 may have a partition P erected thereon to form a partition space PS, the upper part of which communicates with the indoor space R, and the lower part of which divides the indoor space R and communicates with the indoor exhaust floor material 1. The partition P may be erected detachably on the floor of the indoor space R. At this time, the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 supplies air from the outdoor space O to the indoor space R, for example, through an air supply port H drilled in the wall surface of the indoor space R. In addition, the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 exhausts air from the indoor space R to the outdoor space O, for example, through the exhaust duct 92 and the exhaust port 92a of the air supply and exhaust device 9. At this time, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 exhausts air from the indoor space R to the outdoor space O through the partition space PS, the air vent 3, the closed space Q, and the exhaust pipe 5. In this case, a temporary smoking room can be easily provided by erecting a partition P above or around the indoor exhaust floor material 1 in the indoor space R to provide a partition space PS of any size and shape. This improves the convenience of the system that exhausts to the underfloor space in a room without the underfloor space.

[0069] <Ventilation equipment 9> The air supply and exhaust device 9 is a device that performs a first type of ventilation that controls the exhaust and intake of air in the indoor space R. The air supply and exhaust device 9 includes a drive unit 90, an air intake duct 91, an air intake port 91a, an exhaust duct 92, and an exhaust port 92a, as shown in Fig. 8 for example. The drive unit 90 includes, for example, a known suction powered blower and a known exhaust powered blower.

[0070] The exhaust duct 92 is connected to the exhaust pipe 5 exposed from the perforation provided at the second end 22 of the indoor exhaust floor material 1, for example, so that the exhaust duct 92 connects the closed space Q of the indoor exhaust floor material 1 to the outdoor space O. The exhaust duct 92 connects the exhaust pipe 5 exposed from the perforation provided at the second end 22 of the indoor exhaust floor material 1. The exhaust duct 9 can suck air from the indoor space R by sucking air from the closed space Q along the exhaust direction from the first end 21 to the second end 22 through the vent 3, the exhaust pipe 5, and the exhaust duct 92, and exhaust the sucked air to the outdoor space O. That is, the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 can control the exhaust of the room through the vent 3 and the closed space Q through the exhaust duct 9, and form a vertical laminar flow from top to bottom in the indoor space R. Therefore, the one-way exhaust can prevent the spread of viruses, bacteria, etc. in the room. This can improve the convenience of the indoor exhaust floor structure 100. In addition, the air intake and exhaust device 9 properly processes the air drawn in from the indoor space R using a HEPA filter (not shown) installed in the suction power blower, and then discharges it to the outdoor space O, and the air can be reused again as an air intake resource.

[0071] As the exhaust / exhaust device 9, for example, a known blower or the like is used. The exhaust performance of the exhaust / exhaust device 9 may be designed arbitrarily according to the exhaust volume required for the indoor space R, but according to "Air Conditioning and Environmental Improvement of Operating Rooms (by Tetsuya Kai, Symposium of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Clinical Anesthesiology, Journal of the Japanese Society of Clinical Anesthesiology, Vol. 37, No. 3, 369-379, 2017)," the ventilation rate required for ventilation inside the operating room is preferably set with reference to "outside air 3 times / hr or more" and "blowout wind speed: about 0.35 m / s (vertical laminar flow type), 0.45 m / s (horizontal laminar flow type)." In addition, the opening area of ​​the ventilation holes 3 and the number of holes to be drilled may be designed according to the exhaust performance of the exhaust / exhaust device 9 and the exhaust volume required for the indoor space R.

[0072] For example, if the volume of the interior space R is approximately 24.3 m 3 (width 2.7m x depth 3.6m x height 2.5m) and when exhausting vertical laminar flow using the indoor exhaust floor material 1 as the floor material, the exhaust capacity required for the exhaust device 9 is 72.9m 3 / hr(24.3m 3 / times × 3 times / hr), which is about 0.020m3 / s, the total area of ​​all the openings of the ventilation holes 3 drilled in the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is approximately 0.055 m 2 By designing it to be 100 mm in diameter (seven circles with a diameter of 100 mm), the wind speed of the vertical laminar flow passing through the ventilation hole 3 is about 0.37 m / s (0.020 m 3 / s÷0.055m 2 ), which satisfies the condition of "blowout wind speed: 0.35 m / s (vertical laminar flow)". This wind speed is the wind speed inside the ventilation hole 3 of the air passing through the ventilation hole 3. At this time, the wind speed of the air flowing inside the closed space Q is 0.004 m2 when the cross-sectional area of ​​the closed space Q is about 2 (width w6 = 0.014 m, separation between the pair of side panels = 0.292 m), the velocity is approximately 5 m / s.

[0073] In addition, the exhaust capacity is 55m 3 / min, i.e. exhaust capacity of approximately 0.917 m 3 When exhausting air using the exhaust system 9 with a capacity of 1000 m / s, the volume of the indoor space R is about 1100 m 3 The total area of ​​the ventilation hole 3, which satisfies the vertical laminar wind speed of 0.35 m / s or more when passing through the ventilation hole 3, is approximately 2.619 m 2 The figure is as follows, and this is a design in which 333 perfect circles with a diameter of 100 mm are drilled. In this way, the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 can also accommodate exhaust from a wide range of indoor spaces R, depending on the exhaust capacity of the existing air supply and exhaust device 9 and the opening area and number of vent holes 3 drilled.

[0074] The exhaust capacity is approximately 0.020 m 3 When exhausting horizontal laminar air at 100 s / s using the indoor exhaust floor material 1 as a wall material, the total area of ​​all the openings of the vent holes 3 drilled in the indoor exhaust floor material 1 must be approximately 0.045 m 2 In other words, by designing the hole to have five 100 mm diameter circles, the wind speed of the horizontal laminar flow passing through the vent hole 3 is about 0.52 m / s (0.020 m 3 / s÷0.039m 2 ), which satisfies the condition of "0.45 m / s (horizontal laminar flow)".

[0075] <Intake system 9'> The intake device 9' is a device that performs third-type ventilation, controlling the exhaust of the indoor space R by intake. As shown in FIG. 9, the intake device 9' includes a drive unit (not shown), an exhaust duct 92, and an exhaust port 92a. As the intake device 9', for example, a known intake and exhaust device is used. The exhaust performance of the intake device 9' may be the same as that of the intake and exhaust device 9 described above.

[0076] (An example of how to use the indoor exhaust flooring material 1) Next, with reference to the drawings, the exhaust conditions of the air supply and exhaust device 9 of the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 and the exhaust operation method of the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 will be described as an example of a method of using the indoor exhaust floor material 1 in this embodiment.

[0077] <Exhaust conditions> First, the exhaust conditions of the air supply and exhaust device 9 will be described.

[0078] As an exhaust condition of the air supply and exhaust device 9, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the supply air volume to the indoor space R is set to 20 m 3 / min, and the exhaust air volume from indoor space R is 20 m 3 It is preferable to use the indoor exhaust floor material 1 at a pressure of 1000 psi / min. At this time, the pressure in the indoor space R is approximately the same as that of the outdoor space O. When the indoor space R is closed and in a closed state, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 can create a stable downward straight air flow under these exhaust conditions.

[0079] Assuming that the floor area of ​​the room R is approximately 8 tatami mats (approximately 3.6m x 3.6m) and the ceiling height is 3m, the volume of the room R is approximately 40m 3 At this time, 20m 3 If ventilation is performed per minute, the 3 This is a ventilation rate of 30 times / hour. This is 30 times the indoor volume, and corresponds to a ventilation rate of 30 times / hour. This satisfies the "ventilation rate of 15 times / hour" indicated in the "Practical Guidelines for Surgical Care, Revised Third Edition, Published in 2019." From the above, it can be said that the indoor exhaust floor material 1 of the present invention has a highly practical exhaust capacity that meets the exhaust performance required for an operating room.

[0080] Moreover, ventilation by the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is rectified from above to below within the indoor space R, and under the above conditions, the ventilation wind speed is 25 cm / sec (0.025 m / sec). Here, according to the revised Health Promotion Act, the technical standard for smoking rooms and smoking rooms exclusively for heated tobacco products is that "the airflow from the outside into the room at the entrance / exit must be 0.2 m / sec or more," and the indoor exhaust floor material 1 meets this standard. From the above, it can be said that the indoor exhaust floor material 1 of the present invention has a highly practical exhaust capacity that meets the exhaust performance required for a smoking room.

[0081] According to the paper "A Study of Passive Smoking Characteristics by CFD Analysis, January 1999, Tatsuya Hayashi, Shinsuke Kato, Shuzo Murakami, Kiyoshi So, et al.," "Close to the human body, there is a noticeable upward flow caused by physiological heat generation, with a maximum of 0.25 m / s at the top of the head." This cancels out the downward convection of 25 cm / s caused by ventilation in room R, so users of room R are less likely to feel the wind caused by ventilation. The same paper also states, "Near the smoker's fingertips, there is an upward flow caused by the heat generated by the cigarette, with a maximum of 0.34 m / s." Under these conditions, the 34 cm / s upward flow collides with the downward convection of 25 cm / s, and the remaining difference (9 cm / s) of the upward flow is immediately mixed and cooled by heat exchange with the air in room R, reducing the upward bias and being absorbed into the downward convection. Through the above mechanism, the floor material for indoor exhaust 1 of the present invention can reduce the risk of passive smoking due to sidestream cigarette smoke, and can also reduce the risk of contracting infectious diseases.

[0082] Furthermore, to ensure that the above standards required for smoking rooms are met, a negative pressure state may be created in the indoor space R relative to the outdoor space O to prevent the air in the indoor space R from flowing out to the outside air when the entrance is open. Specifically, the supply air volume to the indoor space R is set to 20 m 3 / min, the exhaust air volume from indoor space R is 22 m 3By increasing the air flow rate to 1 / min, a negative pressure state relative to the outside air can be created in the closed indoor space R. In addition, an air curtain is installed at the entrance to the indoor space R, and the air direction is adjusted to meet the above criteria. The above measures ensure that the above criteria are met.

[0083] <Exhaust operation> Next, the exhaust operation of the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 will be described.

[0084] <<Advance preparation>> In preparation for the operation of the indoor exhaust floor structure 100, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is installed in advance in the indoor space R, for example as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 8. At this time, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is oriented so that the first main plate 2f in which the air vent 3 is drilled faces the indoor space R, and the second main plate 2b faces the outdoor space O. In addition, the closed space Q of the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is connected to the outdoor space O via the second end 22, the exhaust pipe 5, the exhaust duct 92, and the air supply and exhaust device 9. As a result, the indoor space R is connected to the outdoor space O via the closed space Q, and the air supply and exhaust device 9 controls the exhaust to the outdoor space O.

[0085] <<First exhaust process>> The indoor exhaust floor structure 100 performs an exhaust operation of the indoor space R via the air supply and exhaust device 9. At this time, the air in the indoor space R flows in an exhaust direction f1 toward the air vent 3, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 (first exhaust step). Here, the exhaust direction f1 is, for example, the downward direction Z in FIG. 2. Also, depending on the dimensions and thickness of the air vent 3, the exhaust direction f1 may be a second planar direction including the first direction X and the downward direction Z, or a third planar direction including the second direction Y and the downward direction Z. At this time, the air flowing in the exhaust direction f1 may be a vertical laminar flow based on the first main plate 2f of the indoor exhaust floor material 1.

[0086] <<Second exhaust process>> After the first exhaust step, the air collides with the inner surface of the second main plate 2b and flows in the exhaust direction f2 (second exhaust step), as shown in Figures 2 and 3. At this time, the air flowing in the exhaust direction f2 may be a horizontal laminar flow based on the first main plate 2f of the indoor exhaust floor material 1. The air is sucked to below the exhaust pipe 5 by the suction force from the air supply and exhaust device 9, and passes through the second space between the second hood section 7 and the second main plate 2b.

[0087] <<Third exhaust process>> After the second exhaust step, the air is sucked into the lower part of the exhaust pipe 5 by the suction force from the air supply and exhaust device 9, whereby the air collides with the first inclined surface 41 of the airflow straightening unit 4 provided below the exhaust pipe 5, and at least a part of the air flows in the exhaust direction f3 along the first inclined surface 41 toward the exhaust pipe 5 (third exhaust step). The air flows in the exhaust direction f3, passing through the first space between the first hood portion 6 and the first inclined surface 41, and flows toward the top 40 of the airflow straightening unit 4.

[0088] <<Fourth exhaust process>> After the third exhaust step, the air flows from the first space between the first hood section 6 and the first inclined surface 41 in the exhaust direction f4 passing through the open end 51 of the exhaust pipe 5 by the suction force from the air supply and exhaust device 9 (fourth exhaust step). At this time, the air flowing in the exhaust direction f4 is a convection current that rises based on the first main plate 2f of the indoor exhaust floor material 1, and may be an ascending vertical laminar flow.

[0089] <<Fifth exhaust process>> After the fourth exhaust step, the air flows in exhaust direction f5 from the open end 51 toward the end on the exhaust duct 92 side (the second end 22 side) inside the exhaust pipe 5 due to the suction force from the air supply and exhaust device 9 (fifth exhaust step). At this time, the air flowing in the exhaust direction f5 may be a horizontal laminar flow based on the first main plate 2f of the indoor exhaust floor material 1.

[0090] Here, if the straightening section 4 and the exhaust pipe 5 are not provided, the above-mentioned third exhaust step, fourth exhaust step, and fifth exhaust step cannot be performed. That is, the air in the closed space Q cannot form an upward convection current or an upward vertical laminar flow, and foreign matter that falls into the closed space Q is sucked into the exhaust pipe 5, which may cause clogging of the exhaust path. According to the indoor exhaust floor structure 100, since it is provided with the indoor exhaust floor material 1 having the straightening section 4 and the exhaust pipe 5, the above-mentioned third exhaust step, fourth exhaust step, and fifth exhaust step can be performed. Therefore, foreign matter that passes through the air vent 3 and falls into the closed space Q is hindered by the first inclined surface 41 and the second inclined surface 61 and does not flow into the opening end 51, and is unlikely to be sucked into the exhaust pipe 5, which can suppress clogging of the exhaust path. This can improve the installability and manageability of the system that exhausts to the underfloor space in a room without an underfloor space.

[0091] After the fifth exhaust step, the air in the indoor space R passes through the second end 22, and is then exhausted to the outdoor space O via the exhaust duct 92 and the air supply and exhaust device 9.

[0092] Through the above operations, exhaust of the indoor space R by the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 is completed.

[0093] (Method of manufacturing indoor exhaust floor material 1) Next, an example of a manufacturing method for the indoor exhaust floor material 1 constituting the indoor exhaust floor structure 100 in this embodiment will be described.

[0094] The worker first assembles the second main plate 2b, the first end 21, the second end 22 having an opening for inserting the exhaust pipe 5, and a pair of side plates out of the multiple main plates 2 to form a box body with an open top. At this time, the first main plate 2f is not attached to the box body.

[0095] Next, the worker inserts the exhaust pipe 5 into the opening of the second end portion 22. At this time, the exhaust pipe 5 is fixed to the second end portion 22, so that the position of the open end portion 51 of the exhaust pipe 5 is fixed.

[0096] Next, the worker installs the flow straightening unit 4 on the inner surface of the second main plate 2b so that it is below the open end 51 of the exhaust pipe 5. Here, the first hood portion 6 and the second hood portion 7 may be connected to the open end 51 after the flow straightening unit 4 is installed, or may be connected to the open end 51 before the flow straightening unit 4 is installed. When using the second main plate 2b that is integrated with the flow straightening unit 4, the position and shape of the exhaust pipe 5 may be adjusted so that the open end 51 is located above the flow straightening unit 4.

[0097] Finally, the worker attaches the first main plate 2f, in which the ventilation holes 3 have been drilled in advance, to the open portion of the box body, thereby forming an enclosed space Q.

[0098] Through the above steps, the production of the indoor exhaust floor material 1 is completed.

[0099] According to this embodiment, the indoor exhaust floor material 1 includes a straightening section 4 having a first inclined surface 41 whose diameter increases toward the bottom, an exhaust pipe 5 whose open end 51 is oriented downward toward the straightening section 4, a first hood section 6 that extends downward from the open end 51 of the exhaust pipe 5 and has a second inclined surface 61 whose diameter increases toward the bottom and is spaced apart from the straightening section 4, and a second hood section 7 that extends radially outward from the base end of the first hood section 6 and faces the second main plate 2b while being spaced apart from each other in a substantially parallel manner. Therefore, foreign matter that passes through the vent hole 3 and falls into the closed space Q is obstructed by the first inclined surface 41 and the second inclined surface 61 and does not flow into the open end 51, and is less likely to be sucked into the exhaust pipe 5, thereby suppressing clogging of the exhaust path. This improves the installability and manageability of a system that exhausts to an underfloor space in a room without an underfloor space. EXAMPLES

[0100] Regarding the above-mentioned indoor exhaust floor material 1, the results of a simulation of the exhaust performance according to conditions will be described.

[0101] In this simulation, the known fluid simulation software "FLOWSQUARE+" was used to quantitatively visualize the air flow for each embodiment using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, and the results were compared to consider the superiority or inferiority of the exhaust performance. In detail, as shown in FIG. 10, for example, an upward suction power value was set in the exhaust pipe 5 in the closed space Q, and the air flowing into the closed space Q from the vent 3 was modeled to pass through the space between the straightening section 4 and the first hood section 6 and be exhausted through the exhaust pipe 5. The model was a two-dimensional analysis model in a plane direction including the first direction X and the downward direction Z.

[0102] The following conditions were met for each example.

[0103] The first example of the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a configuration including a straightening section 4 with a vertex angle of 120°, an exhaust pipe 5, and a first hood section 6 with an opening angle of 120°. The second example of the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, a straightening section 4 with a vertex angle of 120°, an exhaust pipe 5, a first hood section 6 with an opening angle of 120°, and a second hood section 7 with an opening angle of 180°. The first comparative example is, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, an exhaust pipe 5 and a first hood section 6 with an opening angle of 120°, and does not include a straightening section 4. The second comparative example is, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, an exhaust pipe 5 and a first hood section 6 with an opening angle of 90°, and does not include a straightening section 4. The third comparative example is, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, a first hood section 6 with an opening angle of 120°, and a second hood section 7 with an opening angle of 180°, and does not include a straightening section 4. That is, the only difference between Present Invention Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, and between Present Invention Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 is the presence or absence of the flow straightening section 4, and the other conditions are similar. Note that the arrows shown in the enclosed space Q in Figures 10 to 14 indicate the exhaust direction.

[0104] The following conditions were applied as simulation conditions for all of the examples. The total vertical length and total horizontal length of the enclosed space Q were 350 mm x 425 mm. The width of the exhaust passage, the height of the lower end of the first hood portion 6 from the second main plate 2b, and the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe 5 were 50 mm. The suction power value of the exhaust pipe 5 was 0.0025 m 3When the inner circumferential cross section of the exhaust pipe 5 is a perfect circle with a diameter of 50 mm, the theoretical wind speed in the exhaust pipe 5 is approximately 1.2736 m / s. Other than that, the dimensions, shapes, and relative positions of each component were set similarly in all examples.

[0105] 10 to 14, for example, for invention examples 1 and 2 and comparative examples 1 to 3, the horizontal component (corresponding to the first direction X) and the vertical component (corresponding to the downward direction Z) of the wind speed [m / s] at position A, which is the space between the first hood section 6 and the second main plate 2b, and at position B at the upper part of the exhaust path of the exhaust pipe 5, were calculated, and the exhaust performance was evaluated by comparing the wind speeds of each example. In addition, for invention examples 1 and 2, the exhaust performance was evaluated by comparing the wind speed also at position C, which is the space between the first hood section 6 and the airflow straightening section 4.

[0106] The simulation results are shown in Figs. 10 to 14 and Table 1. The spaces shown in black in Figs. 10 to 14 indicate a state where the wind speed is significantly lower than the surroundings or a windless state (no pressure state). In particular, the areas (pressure loss areas L) shown in black around the inner walls of the exhaust pipe 5, the first hood section 6, and the second hood section 7, around the surface of the flow straightening section 4 in the present invention examples 1 and 2, and around the lower part of the exhaust pipe 5 in the comparative examples 1 to 3 indicate areas where pressure loss occurs in the exhaust path, and the overall exhaust performance is reduced by the reduction in wind speed in the pressure loss areas L. In other words, it can be said that the smaller the pressure loss area L, the more the pressure loss in the exhaust path is reduced and the better the exhaust performance is. In addition, in Table 1, the magnitude of the wind speed of the vertical component at position B in each example is related to the evaluation of the superiority or inferiority of the exhaust performance.

[0107] [Table 1]

[0108] In Example 1 of the present invention, the wind speed at position A had a horizontal component of 0.4708 [m / s] and a vertical component of 0.0594 [m / s]. The wind speed at position B had a horizontal component of 0.0023 [m / s] and a vertical component of 1.2361 [m / s]. The wind speed at position C had a horizontal component of 0.6431 [m / s] and a vertical component of 0.2280 [m / s].

[0109] In Example 2 of the present invention, the wind speed at position A had a horizontal component of 0.6405 [m / s] and a vertical component of 0.1463 [m / s]. The wind speed at position B had a horizontal component of 0.0030 [m / s] and a vertical component of 1.2349 [m / s]. The wind speed at position C had a horizontal component of 0.6271 [m / s] and a vertical component of 0.3007 [m / s].

[0110] In Comparative Example 1, the wind speed at position A had a horizontal component of 0.5247 [m / s] and a vertical component of 0.1431 [m / s]. The wind speed at position B had a horizontal component of 0.0021 [m / s] and a vertical component of 1.2928 [m / s].

[0111] In Comparative Example 2, the wind speed at position A had a horizontal component of 0.4178 [m / s] and a vertical component of 0.2062 [m / s]. The wind speed at position B had a horizontal component of 0.0026 [m / s] and a vertical component of 1.1950 [m / s].

[0112] In Comparative Example 3, the wind speed at position A had a horizontal component of 0.6854 [m / s] and a vertical component of 0.1016 [m / s]. The wind speed at position B had a horizontal component of 0.0037 [m / s] and a vertical component of 1.2143 [m / s].

[0113] From the above results, it was found that in Invention Examples 1 and 2, the wind speed of the vertical component at position B was higher than in Comparative Examples 1 to 3. Also, compared to Invention Example 2 having the second hood portion 7, Invention Example 1 had lower wind speeds in both horizontal and vertical components at position A, but the wind speeds were similar at positions B and C, and the exhaust performance was found to be similar. From the above, it can be said that Invention Examples 1 and 2 can reduce pressure loss inside or below the exhaust pipe 5, and can improve exhaust performance.

[0114] In addition, in Example 2 of the present invention, because exhaust air is sucked in from a wider range through the second hood section 7, a more uniform downward airflow is created within the indoor space R. Therefore, although the suction load is greater than in Example 1 of the present invention which does not have the second hood section 7, it was found that the wind speed of the vertical component at position B is approximately the same. This can be said to be because the second hood section 7 suppresses the loss of exhaust performance that would have been lost in exchange for the improvement of the exhaust range, resulting in improved exhaust performance. From the above, it can be said that by providing the second hood section 7, pressure loss can be reduced and exhaust performance can be improved.

[0115] Furthermore, it was found that in Example 1 of the present invention, although the wind speed at position A was lower in both horizontal and vertical components, the wind speed at position B was higher in both horizontal and vertical components than in Comparative Example 1. Similarly, it was found that in Example 2 of the present invention, although the wind speed at position A was lower in horizontal component, the wind speed at position B was higher in vertical component than in Comparative Example 3. From the above, it can be said that by providing the straightening unit 4 below the exhaust pipe 5, the pressure loss can be reduced and the exhaust performance can be improved.

[0116] It was also found that in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the wind speed of the vertical component at position B was lower than in Invention Examples 1 and 2. This is thought to be because, as shown in Figures 12 to 14, the pressure loss region L is larger than in Invention Examples 1 and 2 in which the flow straightening section 4 is provided, causing a loss in flow straightening efficiency. For the above reasons, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 cannot reduce the pressure loss inside or below the exhaust pipe 5, and therefore cannot improve exhaust performance.

[0117] It was found that Comparative Example 2, which has a first hood portion 6 with an opening angle of 90°, has a lower wind speed of the vertical component at position B compared to Comparative Example 1, which has a first hood portion 6 with an opening angle of 120°. From the above, it can be said that an opening angle of 120° for the first hood portion 6 is preferable because it can improve exhaust performance.

[0118] Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and spirit of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents described in the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0119] 100 Indoor exhaust floor structure 1. Indoor exhaust flooring 2 Multiple main plates 2f 1st main plate 2b 2nd main plate 21 First end 22 Second end 3. Ventilation holes 4 Rectifier 40 Top 41 1st slope 42 Bottom 5. Exhaust pipe 51 Open end 6. First Food Section 61 2nd slope 7. Second Food Section 9. Air supply and exhaust system 90 Drive unit 91 Air supply duct 91a Air supply port 92 Exhaust Duct 92a Exhaust port O Outdoors R Indoor Q closed space A, B, C (wind speed measurement) positions L Pressure loss area

Claims

[Claim 1] An indoor exhaust floor material for exhausting indoor air to the outside, Among a plurality of main plates facing each other at a distance from each other to form a closed space, a first main plate on the indoor side in which an air vent is formed; Among the plurality of main plates, a second main plate on the outdoor side facing the first main plate at a distance below the first main plate; a straightening portion having a first inclined surface that is provided on an inner surface of the second main plate and that increases in diameter downward; an exhaust pipe that connects the closed space and the outside of the vehicle, that is disposed above the airflow straightening unit, and that has an open end on the closed space side oriented downward toward the airflow straightening unit; a first hood portion extending downward from the open end of the exhaust pipe and having a second inclined surface that increases in diameter as it extends downward, and is spaced apart from the flow straightening portion; To be prepared An indoor exhaust flooring material characterized by the above.

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