Wood chip material and its manufacturing method

Abstract

A wood chip material, particularly a fire-resistant and water-resistant wood chip material, particularly a fire-resistant and water-resistant wood chip material for producing an oriented strand board, comprising a mixture containing 30 to 43% by weight of wood chips, 53 to 61.9% by weight of an aqueous sodium silicate solution, 2 to 5% by weight of aluminum hydroxide, 1 to 3% by weight of water, 0.1 to 1% by weight of a stabilizer for the aqueous silicate solution, and a hardener for the aqueous sodium silicate solution at a concentration of 0.5 to 5% by weight based on the pure aqueous sodium silicate solution, wherein the density of the aqueous sodium silicate solution is always 1370 to 1400 kg / m 3 The molar ratio of SiO2 to Na2O in the sodium silicate aqueous solution is in the range of 3.2 to 3.4. A method for producing a wood chip material, particularly a fire-resistant, water-resistant wood chip material, particularly for producing oriented strand board, includes the steps of: first, mixing the aluminum hydroxide with water; then, adding wood chips to the mixture; thoroughly stirring everything to form a wood chip mixture; then, adding the stabilizer for the sodium silicate aqueous solution to the sodium silicate aqueous solution; and then, mixing the hardener for the sodium silicate aqueous solution into this solution; then, stirring the solution for 1 to 10 minutes until a binding solution is formed; then, pouring the wood chip mixture into the binding solution while continuously stirring; and thoroughly stirring everything again; then, pouring the resulting mixture onto the application site.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wood chip material, in particular a fire resistant, water resistant wood chip material, in particular for producing oriented strand board (OSB), and a method for producing the same. [Background technology]

[0002] There is a wide range of technical designs of chipboards, including the so-called oriented strand boards (OSB), in which the chips in the surface layers are oriented parallel to the longer edges of the board and at the same time determine the main direction of the board's strength. The chips in the middle layers are oriented perpendicular to the main axis, which achieves higher stiffness and strength in the main direction of the board. The chips are impregnated with additives, for example thiosulfates. As binders, for example, polyurethane or artificial (for example phenol-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde) resins are used. In moisture-resistant boards, liquid paraffin in the form of a paraffin-based emulsion is also used.

[0003] The European patent document EP 2125311 describes an oriented strand board with mixed ground polyurethane and various fibers, in which an organic polymer is used as a binder. Its disadvantage is its high flammability.

[0004] Another Chinese patent document, CN 108559151, describes a board made of wood chips and rubber powder bound together with polyurethane. The disadvantages of this board are its flammability and limited insulating capacity.

[0005] The European patent document EP 2078599 describes the design of a board with microchips in which urea-formaldehyde resin is used as a binder. Its disadvantage is its high flammability.

[0006] The production of oriented strand boards (OSB) from chips and aerogel by pressing them is known from the European patent document EP 2864087. Here, phenol-formaldehyde resin is used as the binder. The disadvantage of this board is again its flammability, in addition to which the price of the aerogel is high and the manufacturing technology is very complicated. Another major problem in this particular case is the absorbency of the board.

[0007] Oriented strand board (OSB), known from the Czech patent document CZ PV 1990-1594, which uses paraffin as a binder, is also highly combustible.

[0008] The oriented strand board known from Czech specification CZ 31399 is also combustible. Another disadvantage thereof is the fact that it is very rigid and essentially completely inflexible, which substantially limits its scope of application. Another disadvantage of the OSB described in this specification is the fact that it is not even producible in practice, taking into account the very precisely defined shape of the chips. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] European Patent Publication No. EP 2125311 [Patent Document 2] Chinese Patent No. CN 108559151942 Publication [Patent Document 3] European Patent Publication No. EP 2078599 [Patent Document 4] European Patent Publication No. EP 2864087 [Patent Document 5] Czech Republic Patent Application No. CZ PV 1990-1594 [Patent Document 6] Czech Republic Practical Design Publication No. CZ 31399 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] From the above state of the art it is clear that the main drawback of the chipboards known from said literature is the fact that they are almost always flammable or even highly flammable. Another problem is their low water resistance and yet another problem is also the use of volatile substances that begin to be liberated from the material after application. These include aldehydes up to formaldehyde. Other organic substances are liberated from the binders used in chipboards. They include, for example, phenol formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde, melamine formaldehyde or tannin formaldehyde resins and their mutual combinations.

[0011] It is an object of the present invention to formulate or design a wood chip material that is highly fire resistant and at the same time water resistant. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The above disadvantages are largely eliminated, and the object of the present invention is to , a material consisting of a mixture containing 30-43% by weight of wood chips, 53-61.9% by weight of a sodium silicate aqueous solution, 2-5% by weight of aluminum hydroxide, 1-3% by weight of water, 0.1-1% by weight of a hydrophilic alkoxyl alkyl ammonium salt, and a hardener for the sodium silicate aqueous solution at a concentration of 0.5-5% by weight based on the pure sodium silicate aqueous solution, and the density of the sodium silicate aqueous solution is always 1370-1400 kg / m 3 In the sodium silicate aqueous solution, Na 2 SiO vs O 2 The molar ratio of The range is 3.2 to 3.4. Material The advantages of the chip material are its high thermal stability, excellent fire resistance and high water resistance. Both properties are provided by the high proportion of aqueous sodium silicate solution. The wood chip material according to the invention also characterizes itself by its excellent antifungal properties and by the fact that it is environmentally friendly and not harmful to health. In addition to that, it is able to resist the heat from burning objects, which it releases to a limited extent, with considerable delay. The aluminum hydroxide used in the material advantageously acts as a flame retardant. Silicic acid sodium The fact that the mixture of silica and an aqueous solution of aluminum hydroxide is fixed deep, firmly and stably in the wood is very advantageous. sodium The density of the aqueous solution is 1370-1400 kg / m 3If the molar ratio of SiO2 to Na2O is in the range of 3.2 to 3.4, such a silicic acid sodium It is further advantageous that the aqueous solution becomes partially elastic after drying.

[0013] Advantageously, the wood chips are spruce chips and / or pine chips.

[0015] The above disadvantages are further largely eliminated, and the object of the present invention is to A method for producing the wood chip material according to claim 1 or 2, Mixing the aluminum hydroxide with water; Then, wood chips are added to the aluminum hydroxide and water mixture and stirred to form a wood chip mixture; Then, add the hydrophilic alkoxyl alkyl ammonium salt to the sodium silicate aqueous solution, and then mix the hardener in the sodium silicate aqueous solution, and stir for 1 to 10 minutes to form a binding solution; The wood chip mixture is then poured into the binding solution with continuous stirring and everything is stirred again. The resulting mixture is then poured onto the application area.

[0016] The resulting mixture is advantageously allowed to stand until it hardens.

[0017] The main advantage of the wood chip material and its manufacturing method according to the invention is the fact that the material is highly fire-resistant. Very advantageous is also the fact that an aqueous sodium silicate solution is used as a binder, which after drying resembles classical glass in terms of its composition and properties. This binder is very hard, wear-resistant, water-resistant and heat-resistant to temperatures up to 1000 ° C. At the same time, the binder is environmentally friendly, not harmful to health and reflects UV radiation well. It does not release toxic organic substances. The binder has a very good adhesive and bonding effect, as well as good adhesion to ordinary surfaces. This binder bonds the wood chips very well and efficiently, since the surfaces of the wood chips are covered entirely and completely with this binder and are therefore protected from water, flame and UV rays. This slows down the decomposition of the wood and reduces the release of organic substances from the wood. Chipboards with this binder are very hard, strong, wear-resistant, fire-resistant, heat-resistant, environmentally friendly and not harmful to health without releasing organic substances. Very advantageous properties of the wood chip material are its excellent resistance to high temperatures due to its high content of aqueous sodium silicate and also due to its content of aluminium hydroxide, and its very good thermal insulation capacity due to its content of wood chips. At the same time, the parameters of the aqueous sodium silicate solution ensure very good elasticity, which means good industrial applicability overall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] Example 1

[0019] The fire-resistant, water-resistant wood chip material consists of a mixture containing 36% by weight spruce chips, 58.5% by weight aqueous sodium silicate solution, 3% by weight aluminum hydroxide, 2% by weight water, and 0.5% by weight aqueous sodium silicate solution stabilizer.

[0020] A hydrophilic alkoxyalkyl ammonium salt in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine is used as a stabilizer for aqueous sodium silicate solutions.

[0021] The density of sodium silicate solution is 1380kg / m 3 and the molar ratio of SiO2 to Na2O is 3.3.

[0022] The wood chip material further contains a hardener of aqueous sodium silicate solution, which is a mixture of pure glycerol diacetate / triacetate in a ratio of 7:3 parts by volume at a concentration of 0.5-5% by weight relative to the pure aqueous sodium silicate solution.

[0023] The method for producing the fire-resistant water-resistant wood chip material is as follows: As the first step, aluminum hydroxide is mixed with water. Then, spruce chips are added to the mixture, and then everything is thoroughly stirred so that a wood chip mixture is formed. Then, the stabilizer of sodium silicate aqueous solution is added to the silicate aqueous solution, and then the hardener of sodium silicate aqueous solution is mixed into this solution. Then, this solution is stirred for 5 minutes until a binding solution is formed. Then, the wood chip mixture is poured into the binding solution with continuous stirring, and everything is thoroughly stirred again. Then, the resulting mixture is poured into the application area, which is a board-shaped silicone mold.

[0024] Finally, the resulting mixture is allowed to stand until it hardens.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] The fire-resistant, water-resistant wood chip material consists of a mixture containing 30% by weight pine chips, 61.9% by weight aqueous sodium silicate solution, 5% by weight aluminum hydroxide, 3% by weight water, and 0.1% by weight aqueous sodium silicate solution stabilizer.

[0027] A hydrophilic alkoxyalkyl ammonium salt in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine is used as a stabilizer for aqueous sodium silicate solutions.

[0028] The density of sodium silicate solution is 1370kg / m3 and the molar ratio of SiO2 to Na2O is 3.2.

[0029] The wood chip material further contains a hardener of aqueous sodium silicate solution, which is a mixture of pure glycerol diacetate / triacetate in a ratio of 7:3 parts by volume at a concentration of 0.5-5% by weight relative to the pure aqueous sodium silicate solution.

[0030] The method for producing the fire-resistant water-resistant wood chip material is as follows: As the first step, aluminum hydroxide is mixed with water. Then, pine chips are added to the mixture, and then everything is thoroughly stirred so that a wood chip mixture is formed. Then, the stabilizer of sodium silicate aqueous solution is added to the silicate aqueous solution, and then the hardener of sodium silicate aqueous solution is mixed into this solution. Then, this solution is stirred for 1 minute until a binding solution is formed. Then, the wood chip mixture is poured into the binding solution with continuous stirring, and everything is thoroughly stirred again. Then, the resulting mixture is poured into the application area, which is a board-shaped silicone mold.

[0031] Finally, the resulting mixture is allowed to stand until it hardens.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] The fire-resistant, water-resistant wood chip material consists of a mixture containing 43% by weight of a mixture of spruce and pine chips, 53% by weight of an aqueous sodium silicate solution, 2% by weight of aluminum hydroxide, 1% by weight of water, and a stabilizer of 1% by weight of an aqueous sodium silicate solution.

[0034] A hydrophilic alkoxyalkyl ammonium salt in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine is used as a stabilizer for aqueous sodium silicate solutions.

[0035] The density of sodium silicate solution is 1400kg / m 3 and the molar ratio of SiO2 to Na2O is 3.4.

[0036] The wood chip material further contains a hardener of aqueous sodium silicate solution, which is a mixture of pure glycerol diacetate / triacetate in a ratio of 7:3 parts by volume at a concentration of 0.5-5% by weight relative to the pure aqueous sodium silicate solution.

[0037] The method for producing the fire-resistant water-resistant wood chip material is as follows: as the first step, aluminum hydroxide is mixed with water. Then spruce and pine chips are added to the mixture, and then everything is thoroughly stirred so that a wood chip mixture is formed. Then, the stabilizer of sodium silicate aqueous solution is added to the silicate aqueous solution, and then the hardener of sodium silicate aqueous solution is mixed into this solution. Then, this solution is stirred for 10 minutes until a binding solution is formed. Then, the wood chip mixture is poured into the binding solution with continuous stirring, and everything is thoroughly stirred again. Then, the resulting mixture is poured into the application area, which is the silicone mold for the 3D shaped piece.

[0038] Finally, the resulting mixture is allowed to stand until it hardens. [Industrial Applicability]

[0039] The wood chip material according to the invention can be used to produce shaped pieces or boards, especially for applications in the building industry.

Claims

1. A material comprising a mixture containing 30-43% by weight of wood chips, 53-61.9% by weight of a sodium silicate aqueous solution, 2-5% by weight of aluminum hydroxide, 1-3% by weight of water, 0.1-1% by weight of a hydrophilic alkoxyl alkyl ammonium salt, and a hardener for the sodium silicate aqueous solution at a concentration of 0.5-5% by weight relative to the pure sodium silicate aqueous solution, wherein the density of the sodium silicate aqueous solution is always 1370-1400 kg / m ３ The range of Na in the sodium silicate aqueous solution is ２ SiO to O ２ The wood chip material is characterized in that the molar ratio of is in the range of 3.2 to 3.

4.

2. 2. The wood chip material of claim 1, wherein the wood chips are spruce chips and / or pine chips.

3. A method for producing the wood chip material according to claim 1 or 2, comprising: Mixing the aluminum hydroxide with water; Then, wood chips are added to the aluminum hydroxide and water mixture and stirred to form a wood chip mixture; Then, add the hydrophilic alkoxyl alkyl ammonium salt to the sodium silicate aqueous solution, and then mix the hardener in the sodium silicate aqueous solution, and stir for 1-10 minutes to form a binding solution; The wood chip mixture is then poured into the binding solution with continuous stirring, and all is stirred again; A method for producing a wood chip material, comprising stirring the wood chip mixture with the binding solution and pouring the resulting mixture onto an application site.

4. A method for producing a wood chip material as described in claim 3, characterized in that the mixture obtained by stirring the wood chip mixture and the binding solution is allowed to stand until it hardens.