Tunnel lining method and lining structure

Abstract

To provide a tunnel lining method and a lining structure capable of efficiently constructing a highly rigid lining slab without requiring installation and removal of formwork on site.SOLUTION: An outer surface plate 12 curved along a precast plate 11 is attached in advance to an outer peripheral surface of the precast plate 11 with a predetermined gap from the outer peripheral surface of the precast plate 11. After the precast plate 11 with the outer surface plate 12 attached is installed in an arch shape on site, concrete 15 is placed between the outer surface plate 12 and the precast plate 11. By leaving the outer surface plate 12 on the outer peripheral surface of a lining plate 10, the outer surface plate 12 and the precast plate 11 are integrated together with the concrete 15 to construct the lining plate 10. So the highly rigid lining plate 10 can be efficiently constructed without requiring installation and removal of the formwork on site.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a tunnel lining method and a lining structure used for constructing a lining plate to be constructed at, for example, a tunnel portal. [Background technology]

[0002] In general, in tunnel construction, a primary lining is formed on the inner surface of an excavated tunnel by spraying concrete, and then a formwork is installed along the primary lining, and concrete is poured into the formwork to construct a secondary lining. However, this method requires a lot of man-hours for installing and removing the formwork.

[0003] Another known lining method is to construct a lining plate using a precast plate fabricated in advance in a factory or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this method, the lining plate can be constructed by installing the precast plate delivered to the site in the circumferential and axial directions of the tunnel using an erector or other erection device, so there is no need to pour the lining concrete on-site and the lining plate can be constructed efficiently, and therefore this method is used in the construction of many tunnels. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 08-210099 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In general tunnels installed underground in mountainous areas, the surrounding ground acts to support the tunnel itself, forming a so-called ground arch, but the tunnel entrance located at the entrance of the tunnel does not have sufficient earth covering, so a structure with higher rigidity is required. For this reason, conventionally, an invert is installed at the bottom of the tunnel at the entrance to connect the foundations of both side walls, and a lining plate containing reinforcing bars is constructed along both side walls.

[0006] However, in order to construct a reinforced concrete lining, it is necessary to pour concrete on-site using formwork, which poses the problem of lengthening the construction period due to the installation and removal of the formwork.

[0007] In addition, if a precast plate is used for the lining of the tunnel entrance, there is no need to pour concrete on site using formwork. However, because the lining of the tunnel entrance requires a more rigid plate than that of the general section of the tunnel, the thickness and weight of the precast plate itself will be larger than those of the precast plate for the general section of the tunnel, which creates the problem that transportation, delivery and installation to the site will be complicated.

[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a tunnel lining method and lining structure that can efficiently construct a highly rigid lining plate without the need to install and remove formwork on site. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a tunnel lining method in which a plurality of precast slabs curved along the circumferential direction of a tunnel are arranged in the circumferential and axial directions of the tunnel to construct an arch-shaped lining slab, Outer surface of The outer panel is curved along A plurality of first connecting members are formed to extend in the radial direction of the tunnel and are arranged around the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of second connecting members are formed to extend in the horizontal direction and are arranged around the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, The outer periphery of the precast slab is spaced apart from the On the outer surface of the precast plateThe precast plate with the outer plate attached is then installed in an arch shape on site, and concrete is then poured between the precast plate and the outer plate, with the outer plate remaining on the outer periphery of the lining plate, thereby constructing a lining plate in which the precast plate and the outer plate are integrated together with the concrete.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a tunnel lining structure having an arch-shaped lining plate constructed by arranging a plurality of precast slabs curved along the circumferential direction of a tunnel in the circumferential and axial directions of the tunnel, the precast slabs Outer surface of and an outer plate attached to the outer periphery of the precast slab at a predetermined distance from the outer periphery of the precast slab. a plurality of first connecting members formed to extend in the tunnel radial direction and arranged over the entire tunnel circumferential direction at intervals between each other in the tunnel radial direction, connecting the outer plate and the precast slab to each other at intervals in the tunnel radial direction; and a plurality of second connecting members formed to extend in the horizontal direction and arranged over the entire tunnel circumferential direction at intervals between each other in the tunnel radial direction, connecting the outer plate and the precast slab to each other at intervals in the tunnel radial direction. The precast plate with the outer plate attached is installed in an arch shape on-site, and concrete is poured between the precast plate and the outer plate, leaving the outer plate in place, thereby constructing a lining plate in which the precast plate and the outer plate are integrated together with the concrete.

[0011] As a result, a precast plate with an outer panel already attached is transported to the site, and concrete is poured between the precast plate and the outer panel, leaving the outer panel in place, thereby constructing a lining plate in which the precast plate and the outer panel are integrated together with the concrete, thereby constructing a highly rigid lining plate without the need to install and remove formwork on site. In addition, since the outer plate and the precast slab are connected to each other at intervals in the tunnel radial direction by multiple first connecting members extending in the tunnel radial direction, the outer plate is held at a uniform interval between the precast slab and the tunnel circumferential direction. Furthermore, since the outer plate and the precast slab are connected to each other at intervals in the tunnel radial direction by multiple second connecting members extending horizontally, the pressure of the concrete is applied evenly to the precast slab and the outer plate by the second connecting members when concrete is poured. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, a highly rigid lining plate can be efficiently constructed without the need to install and remove formwork on-site, thereby shortening the construction period and being extremely advantageous for the construction of a lining plate to be constructed at, for example, a tunnel entrance. That is, since the precast plate and the outer plate can be transported to the site before the concrete is poured, the weight of the precast plate and the outer plate transported to the site can be reduced, and the installation work can be efficiently performed using an erector or other erection device. In addition, since the precast plate with the outer plate already attached is transported to the site, the installation work of the precast plate and the outer plate on-site can be easily performed. Furthermore, since the outer plate can be held at a uniform distance from the precast slab in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, concrete of uniform thickness can be easily formed between the outer plate and the precast slab. Also, since the pressure of the concrete can be applied evenly to the precast slab and the outer plate by the second connecting member during concrete pouring, deformation of the outer plate due to the pressure of poured concrete can be prevented. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] A partial cross-sectional front view of a tunnel lining showing one embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] Perspective view of the lining plate [Diagram 3] A perspective view of the lining plate showing its condition before concrete is poured [Figure 4] Partial front view of the lining plate showing the condition before concrete is poured [Diagram 5] Partial front view of the lining plate showing the condition before concrete is poured [Figure 6] Partially sectional front view showing the construction process of the lining plate [Figure 7] Partially sectional front view showing the construction process of the lining plate [Figure 8] Partially sectional front view showing the construction process of the lining plate DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] 1 to 8 show one embodiment of the present invention, and show a tunnel lining method and a lining structure used in the construction of a lining plate constructed at a tunnel entrance.

[0015] The tunnel 1 shown in the figure is installed at a tunnel entrance located, for example, at the entrance / exit of a tunnel in a mountainous region, and at the bottom of the tunnel, the foundation of the side wall portion 2 is placed on the base surface 3, and an arc-shaped lining plate 10 is constructed along each side wall portion 2.

[0016] The lining plate 10 consists of a number of precast plates 11 extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, a number of outer plates 12 arranged on the outer peripheral surface side of the precast plates 11, a number of first and second connecting members 13, 14 that connect the precast plates 11 and the outer plates 12 to each other at intervals in the radial direction of the tunnel, and concrete 15 poured between the precast plates 11 and the outer plates 12.

[0017] The precast slab 11 is made of plate-shaped concrete manufactured in a factory or the like, and is formed to have an arc shape along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The precast slab 11 is divided into a plurality of parts (for example, into two parts) in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and each divided part is formed to have a length in the circumferential direction of the tunnel corresponding to the divided part.

[0018] The outer plate 12 is made of an arc-shaped metal plate, and is formed to have an arc shape that fits the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab 11. Like the precast slab 11, the outer plate 12 is divided into multiple parts in the tunnel circumferential direction, and each divided part is formed to have a length in the tunnel circumferential direction that corresponds to the length of the divided parts. One end of one outer plate 12 in the tunnel circumferential direction is provided with a joint 12a with the other outer plate 12 adjacent in the tunnel circumferential direction, and the joint 12a is formed in a stepped shape so as to overlap a part of the outer surface of the other outer plate 12.

[0019] Each of the first connecting members 13 is made of a rod-shaped member that extends in the radial direction of the tunnel when installed, and is arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the tunnel between the outer plate 12 and the precast slab 11. One end of each of the first connecting members 13 is fixed to the precast slab 11, and the other end is fixed to the outer plate 12.

[0020] Each second connecting member 14 is made of a rod-shaped member that extends horizontally when installed, and is arranged at intervals between the exterior plate 12 and the precast slab 11 in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. One end of each second connecting member 14 is fixed to the precast slab 11, and the other end is fixed to the exterior plate 12.

[0021] Here, a method for constructing the lining plate 10 according to this embodiment will be described.

[0022] First, as shown in FIG. 6, a side wall 2 is constructed on the base surface 3 at the bottom of the tunnel, which will be the tunnel entrance. After that, a precast plate 11 to which an outer plate 12 has been attached in advance in a factory or the like is carried to the site, and one precast plate 11 is installed on one of the left and right side wall portions 2 as shown in FIG. 7, and then the other precast plate 11 is installed on the other side wall portion 2 as shown in FIG. 8, so that the precast plate 11 and the outer plate 12 are installed in an arch shape across each side wall portion 2. At that time, the precast plate 11 to which the outer plate 12 has been attached is installed using an erector or other erection device. In addition, the outer plates 12 of the adjacent precast plates 11 are joined to each other by the joints 12a. In this case, the joints 12a of one of the adjacent outer plates 12 are fixed to the other outer plate 12 by, for example, bolting or welding. In this case, reinforcing steel bars extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel may be arranged between the precast plate 11 and the outer plate 12.

[0023] Next, the precast slabs 11 and outer plates 12, which are installed in an arch shape across each side wall section 2, are arranged sequentially in the tunnel axial direction as shown in Figure 3, and then concrete 15 is poured between the precast slabs 11 and the outer plate 12, leaving the outer plate 12 in place, thereby constructing the lining plate 10 in which the outer plate 12 and precast slab 11 are integrated together with the concrete 15 as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0024] At this time, the precast slab 11 and the outer plate 12 are connected to each other by second connecting members 14 extending in the radial direction of the tunnel, so that the outer plate 12 is held at a uniform distance in the circumferential direction of the tunnel between itself and the precast slab 11 by the first connecting members 13. The concrete 15 is poured by pouring it from an inlet (not shown) provided at the top of the tunnel, and because the precast slab 11 and the outer plate 12 are connected to each other by the second connecting members 14 extending horizontally, the pressure of the concrete is applied evenly to the precast slab 11 and the outer plate 12 by the second connecting members 14.

[0025] In this way, according to this embodiment, an outer plate 12 that curves along the precast slab 11 is attached in advance to the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab 11 at a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab 11, and the precast slab 11 with the attached outer plate 12 is installed in an arch shape at site, and then concrete 15 is poured between the outer plate 12 and the precast slab 11, and the outer plate 12 is left on the outer peripheral surface of the lining plate 10, thereby constructing a lining plate 10 in which the outer plate 12 and the precast slab 11 are integrated together with the concrete 15.Therefore, a highly rigid lining plate 10 can be efficiently constructed without the need to install and remove formwork at site.

[0026] In this case, the precast slab 11 and the outer panel 12 can be transported to the site before the concrete 15 is poured, thereby reducing the weight of the precast slab 11 and the outer panel 12 transported to the site, and their installation work can be carried out efficiently using erector or other erection equipment, as in the general section of the tunnel, thereby shortening the construction period.

[0027] Furthermore, since the precast plate 11 with the outer panel 12 already attached is transported to the site, the installation work of the precast plate 11 and the outer panel 12 on site can be easily carried out, and the construction period can be further shortened.

[0028] In addition, the outer panel 12 and the precast slab 11 are connected to each other at intervals in the tunnel radial direction by a plurality of first connecting members 13 extending in the tunnel radial direction, so that the outer panel 12 can be held between the precast slab 11 at a uniform interval in the tunnel circumferential direction, and concrete 15 of uniform thickness can be easily formed between the outer panel 12 and the precast slab 11.

[0029] Furthermore, the outer panel 12 and the precast slab 11 are connected to each other at intervals in the radial direction of the tunnel by a plurality of second connecting members 14 extending horizontally. Therefore, when concrete is poured, the pressure of the concrete can be applied evenly to the precast slab 11 and the outer panel 12 by the second connecting members 14, preventing deformation of the outer panel 12 due to the pressure of the poured concrete.

[0030] In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to the entrance of a mountain tunnel, but the present invention can also be applied to the lining of other tunnels, for example, by the cut and cover method.

[0031] The above embodiment is merely an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 1...tunnel, 10...lining plate, 11...precast plate, 12...outer plate, 13...first connecting member, 14...second connecting member, 15...concrete.

Claims

1. A tunnel lining method in which a plurality of precast slabs curved along the tunnel circumferential direction are arranged in the circumferential and axial directions of a tunnel to construct an arch-shaped lining slab, An outer plate curved along the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab is attached in advance to the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab at a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab by a plurality of first connecting members formed to extend in the radial direction of the tunnel and arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of second connecting members formed to extend in the horizontal direction and arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, The precast panels with the outer panels were installed on-site in an arch shape, Concrete is poured between the precast slab and the exterior plate, By leaving the outer plate on the outer periphery of the lining plate, A lining plate is constructed in which the precast plate and the outer plate are integrated with concrete. A tunnel lining method comprising the steps of:

2. In a tunnel lining structure having an arch-shaped lining plate constructed by arranging a plurality of precast slabs curved along the circumferential direction of a tunnel in the circumferential and axial directions of the tunnel, An outer plate formed to be curved along the outer peripheral surface of the precast plate and attached to the outer peripheral surface of the precast plate at a predetermined interval from the outer peripheral surface of the precast plate; a plurality of first connecting members that are formed to extend in a radial direction of the tunnel and are arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, connecting the outer plate and the precast slab to each other at intervals in the radial direction of the tunnel; a plurality of second connecting members that are formed to extend in a horizontal direction and are arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and connect the outer plate and the precast slab to each other at intervals in the radial direction of the tunnel; The precast plate with the outer plate attached is installed in an arch shape on-site, and concrete is poured between the precast plate and the outer plate, leaving the outer plate in place, creating a lining plate in which the precast plate and the outer plate are integrated together with the concrete. A tunnel lining structure characterized by:

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