Crusher

Abstract

To provide a collapsing crusher, such as a jaw crusher, which enables improvement of safety of charging work while maintaining work easiness during manual charging work of crushed objects.SOLUTION: A crusher 10 collapses an object to be crushed and includes: a machine frame 1 in which a collapsing mechanism is installed; a funnel-shaped hopper 2; and a charging assist part 3. The charging assist part 3 has: a crushed object guide surface 31 extending from a top surface side end of the hopper 2 to the oblique upper side; and a side wall enclosing the periphery of the crushed object guide surface 31. An inclination angle of the crushed object guide surface 31 is smaller than an inclination angle of an inner surface of the hopper 2 with which the crushed object guide surface 31 is connected.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a crusher, and more particularly to a crusher such as a jaw crusher for crushing various objects to be crushed, such as concrete blocks. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, a crushing type crusher such as a jaw crusher typically has a funnel-shaped hopper for loading the material to be crushed installed on the top side of the machine frame in which the crushing mechanism for crushing the material to be crushed is installed (see Patent Document 1).

[0003] In a crushing type crusher such as a jaw crusher, there is a risk that fragments of the object to be crushed may fly out of the machine frame during operation. Therefore, for example, when using the jaw crusher disclosed in Patent Document 1, when an operator loads the object to be crushed into the hopper, in order to ensure sufficient safety for the operator, it is necessary to ensure a certain or greater distance from the loading point of the object to be crushed to the drop port directly above the crushing mechanism.

[0004] In order to ensure the above-mentioned safety, it is conceivable to enlarge the size of the funnel-shaped hopper to an extent that the necessary distance can be ensured. However, when the hopper is enlarged, the charging position becomes unnecessarily high, which causes a problem that the ease of the charging operation decreases. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2001-62318 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] An object of the present invention is to improve the safety of the loading operation while maintaining ease of operation when an operator loads materials to be crushed in a crushing type crushing machine such as a jaw crusher. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The inventors of the present invention have come to the conclusion that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by further installing a charging assistant part having a guide surface with a predetermined inclination angle in the hopper of the crusher, and have completed the present invention. Specifically, the present invention provides the following.

[0008] (1) A crusher for crushing materials to be crushed, comprising: a machine frame having a crushing mechanism installed therein; a funnel-shaped hopper; and a loading auxiliary section, wherein the loading auxiliary section has a crushable material guide surface extending diagonally upward from a side end on the top surface side of the hopper; and a side wall surrounding the periphery of the crushable material guide surface, wherein the inclination angle of the crushable material guide surface with respect to the horizontal plane is smaller than the inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper to which the crushable material guide surface is connected.

[0009] According to the crusher of (1), the loading position of the crushed material can be secured sufficiently from the loading point of the crushed material to the drop port directly above the crushing mechanism without unnecessarily raising the loading position of the crushed material, thereby improving the safety of the loading operation while maintaining ease of operation for workers when loading the crushed material.

[0010] (2) A crusher as described in (1), in which the inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper is 45° or more, and the inclination angle of the crushed material guide surface is 15° or more and less than 45°.

[0011] According to the crusher (2), in the crusher described in (1), the material to be crushed can be smoothly guided into the hopper, and clogging due to bridge formation of the material to be crushed inside the hopper can be prevented.

[0012] (3) A crusher according to (1) or (2), in which the difference between the inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper and the inclination angle of the crushed material guide surface is 15° or more.

[0013] According to the crusher (3), in the crusher described in (1) or (2), the falling of the material to be crushed inside the hopper can be smoothly promoted, while the above-mentioned effects of maintaining ease of operation and improving safety can be fully enjoyed.

[0014] (4) A crusher described in any of (1) to (3), wherein the loading assistance section is provided with a backflow prevention fence at the hopper side end of the crushed material guide surface, the backflow prevention fence being capable of being opened and closed by rotating only in the direction toward the hopper side.

[0015] According to the crusher of (4), in the crusher according to any one of (1) to (3), it is possible to prevent the backflow of the objects to be crushed from the hopper side, thereby further improving the safety of the workers.

[0016] (5) A jaw crusher having a pair of receiving teeth and a pushing tooth plate as the crushing mechanism, wherein the material to be crushed is guided to one of the side edges of the top opening of the hopper that is adjacent to the receiving teeth plate. The crusher is described in any one of (1) to (4).

[0017] According to the crusher (5), in a jaw crusher which is widely used as a device for crushing concrete blocks and the like, it is possible to reduce the size of the entire crushing device and to increase safety. Effect of the Invention

[0018] According to the present invention, in a crushing type crushing machine such as a jaw crusher, it is possible to improve the safety of the loading operation while maintaining the ease of manual loading of materials to be crushed. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic outline of the overall configuration of a crusher according to the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the configuration and operation of the crusher of FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0021] <Crusher (jaw crusher)> Fig. 1 shows a jaw crusher, which is an example of a crusher according to the present invention. This crusher (jaw crusher 10) is a crusher that crushes objects to be crushed. The crusher of the present invention is not limited to such a jaw crusher, and the technical concept is applicable to all devices that crush objects to be crushed, such as concrete blocks. However, in the following, the application to a jaw crusher will be described in detail as a specific example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The jaw crusher 10 comprises a machine frame 1 in which a crushing mechanism is installed, a funnel-shaped hopper 2, and a charging auxiliary unit 3. Of the above-mentioned components of the jaw crusher 10, the machine frame 1 and the crushing mechanism therein, and the hopper 2 that guides the material to be crushed to the crushing mechanism can be made use of existing devices as they are. The jaw crusher 10 according to the present invention is mainly characterized in that the charging auxiliary unit 3, which will be described in detail below, is added as a new component different from conventional products.

[0023] The crushing mechanism installed inside the machine frame 1 of the jaw crusher 10 is configured in such a manner that a pair of tooth receiving plates 11 and a tooth pushing plate 12 are arranged in an inverted eight-shape. This crushing mechanism crushes the object to be crushed by a driving mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder, in which the tooth pushing plate 12, which is movably installed, is moved around its lower end as a fulcrum and pressed against the tooth receiving plate. The jaw crusher 10 having such a crushing mechanism can be used as a device for crushing large amounts of concrete lumps generated in, for example, ready-mix concrete plants and secondary concrete product plants, or large amounts of concrete lumps generated by the demolition of concrete buildings, and other lumps.

[0024] (hopper) The hopper 2 can be constructed using various known or unknown funnel-shaped members. That is, various hoppers having a shape in which the top surface side is widely open and the diameter of the internal space is gradually reduced toward the bottom surface side can be used as the hopper 2 constituting the crusher (jaw crusher 10) of the present invention, without any particular limitation.

[0025] The inclination angle θ2 (see FIG. 2) of the inner surface of the hopper 2 can be appropriately designed according to various properties such as the angle of repose and wettability of the material to be crushed, but it is preferably 45° or more from the viewpoint of reliably preventing clogging due to bridge formation by the material to be crushed inside the hopper. In particular, in a general-purpose jaw crusher that assumes that the material to be crushed is an irregular concrete block with a diameter of about 10 mm to 150 mm, the inclination angle θ2 of the inner surface of the hopper 2 must be usually 15° or more, and preferably 20° or more. If it is 15° or more, it becomes possible to feed the material to be crushed along the inclination, even if it is mainly rocks.

[0026] (Charging auxiliary part) As shown in Fig. 2, the charging auxiliary section 3 at least has a crushed material guide surface 31 extending obliquely upward from the side end on the top surface side of the hopper 2, and a side wall surrounding the crushed material guide surface 31. As shown in Fig. 2, it is preferable that the side wall is also formed on the opening surface at the top of the hopper 2 in a manner surrounding the opening surface. In addition, the ceiling portion on the top surface side may be open, or a ceiling portion may be formed to cover the top surface in order to further increase safety.

[0027] It is preferable that the crushable material guide surface 31 is configured to connect to the side edge on the tooth receiving plate 11 side among the four side edges of the top surface opening of the hopper 2. In the jaw crusher 10, by specifying the connecting position of the crushable material guide surface 31 to the above position, the entire crushing device can be made compact. This not only reduces the burden on the worker who transports a large amount of crushable material, saving time and labor, but also improves safety and the working environment.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 2, the charging auxiliary section 3 is configured so that the inclination angle θ2 of the crushable material guide surface 31 is smaller than the inclination angle θ1 of the inner surface of the hopper 2 to which the crushable material guide surface 31 is connected. This makes it possible to extend the horizontal distance (hereinafter also referred to as the "safety distance") from the charging point S1 to the drop point S2 of the crushable material directly above the crushing mechanism without changing the height of the charging point S1 of the crushable material. In other words, in a conventional jaw crusher in which the height of the charging position cannot be changed and which does not have the charging auxiliary section 3, the "safety distance (distance from S0 to S2)" that can be secured by enlarging the hopper itself is 10, whereas in the jaw crusher 10, this "safety distance" can be extended to 11 to improve the safety of the operator.

[0029] The angle θ2 of the crushable material guide surface 31 is not particularly limited and may be adjusted according to the type of crushable material to be handled and the overall size of the crusher. However, as described above, the inclination angle θ1 of the inner surface of the hopper 2 of the jaw crusher 10 is preferably 45° or more, and in this case, that is, when the inclination angle θ1 of the inner surface of the hopper 2 is 45° or more, the inclination angle θ2 of the crushable material guide surface 31 is preferably 15° or more and less than 45°, and more preferably 30° or less.

[0030] It is also preferable that there is a certain difference between the inclination angles of the crushed object guide surface 31 and the inner surface of the hopper 2 to which it is connected. That is, it is more preferable that the angle difference between the inclination angle θ1 of the inner surface of the hopper 2 and the inclination angle θ2 of the crushed object guide surface 31 connected thereto is 15° or more. For example, when the inclination angle θ1 of the inner surface of the hopper 2 is 45°, it is more preferable that the inclination angle θ2 of the crushed object guide surface 31 is 30° or less.

[0031] It is also desirable that the lower limit of the inclination angle θ2 of the crushable object guiding surface 31 has a certain inclination angle or more within a range where the above-mentioned safety distance can be ensured as a necessary and sufficient length in order to move the crushable objects quickly to the hopper 2. However, even if the movement of the crushable objects on the crushable object guiding surface 31 is delayed, it is possible to promote the movement by pushing the crushable objects from behind with a rod-shaped auxiliary member or the like without any particular danger, so as long as the inclination angle θ2 of the crushable object guiding surface 31 is at least about 15° or more, it is possible to enjoy the effects of the present invention and proceed with the crushing work with sufficiently good work efficiency.

[0032] In addition, it is preferable to provide a backflow prevention fence 32, which is an opening / closing door that can be rotated only toward the hopper 2 side, at the end of the crushed material guide surface 31 on the hopper 2 side in the charging auxiliary section 3, as shown in Fig. 2. The backflow prevention fence 32 can be configured as a hinged opening / closing mechanism with the upper part of the crushed material guide surface 31 as a fulcrum. This makes it possible to prevent the crushed materials from flowing back onto the crushed material guide surface 31, further improving the safety of the workers. [Explanation of symbols]

[0033] 10 Crusher (jaw crusher) 1 machine slot 11 Receptacle plate 12 Pusher plate 2. Hopper 3 Charging auxiliary part 31 Shredded material guidance surface 32 Backflow Prevention Fence

Claims

1. A crusher for crushing objects to be crushed, A machine frame having a crushing mechanism installed therein; A funnel-shaped hopper, A charging assistant unit; Equipped with The charging auxiliary section is provided with a backflow prevention fence at the end of the crushed material guide surface on the hopper side, the backflow prevention fence being capable of being opened and closed by rotating only in the direction toward the hopper side; The charging auxiliary portion has a crushed material guide surface extending obliquely upward from a side end on the top surface side of the hopper, and a side wall surrounding the crushed material guide surface, The inclination angle of the crushed object guiding surface is smaller than the inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper to which the crushed object guiding surface is connected. Crusher.

2. The inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper is 45° or more, The inclination angle of the crushed object guiding surface is 15° or more and less than 30°. The crusher according to claim 1.

3. The difference between the inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper and the inclination angle of the crushed material guide surface is 15° or more. A crusher according to claim 1 or 2.

4. A jaw crusher having a pair of receiving teeth and a pressing tooth plate as the crushing mechanism, The crushed object guiding surface is connected to the side edge of the top surface opening of the hopper on the side edge side of the tooth receiving plate. A crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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