vehicle

Abstract

To prevent a deterioration of an auxiliary-equipment battery 20 that is a lithium-ion secondary battery enabled for charging-discharging auxiliary-equipment power during transmission and reception of power with the outside.SOLUTION: A vehicle 1 includes: a DC-DC converter 70 capable of converting vehicle driving power from a driving battery 50 into auxiliary-equipment-use power and supplying the power to a power line interconnecting an auxiliary-equipment battery and an auxiliary-equipment load 40 necessary to start the vehicle; an external power-receiving relief terminal 11 that is connected to a power line between the auxiliary-equipment load and an auxiliary-equipment battery-use relay 30 for use in switching connection-disconnection of the power line; an openable-closable terminal cover 12 that covers the relief terminal; and a detection part (an interlocking terminal 13, 14 and a lead wire 15) capable of detecting an open-close of the terminal cover in order to: keep the auxiliary-equipment battery-use relay in a shutoff state so as to prevent the auxiliary-equipment-use power transmitted and received via the relief terminal when the terminal cover is open from flowing into the auxiliary-equipment battery and to revert the auxiliary-equipment battery-use relay back to the connection state when the terminal cover is closed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This disclosure relates to a vehicle, and in particular to a vehicle equipped with an auxiliary device required for starting the vehicle, an auxiliary device battery which is a lithium ion secondary battery capable of charging and discharging auxiliary device power, a power line connecting the auxiliary device and the auxiliary device battery, a drive battery capable of charging and discharging power for driving the vehicle, and a converter capable of converting the drive power from the drive battery into auxiliary device power and supplying it to the power line. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there have been vehicles in which power is supplied from a power supplying vehicle (external power source) to an auxiliary battery via a relay, and the system is started using the power from the auxiliary battery (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2020-090261 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, when a lithium-ion secondary battery, which has a lower resistance to overcharging and high voltage compared to a lead-acid battery, is used as the auxiliary battery, a large current flows through the auxiliary power line via the rescue terminal when the vehicle rescues another vehicle and when the vehicle is rescued by the other vehicle, and the auxiliary battery may be affected and deteriorated. In addition, when the vehicle rescues another vehicle, a large amount of power from the auxiliary battery is output from the rescue terminal, which may cause overdischarge and deterioration of the auxiliary battery. In addition, when the vehicle is rescued by the other vehicle, a large amount of power is input from the rescue terminal to the auxiliary battery, which may cause overcharging and deterioration of the auxiliary battery. In particular, when the rescuing vehicle is a vehicle equipped with a drive engine, the generation voltage of the alternator (for example, 13.5 to 14.5 V) is significantly higher than the voltage of the auxiliary battery (for example, around 12 V), which adversely affects the auxiliary battery of the vehicle being rescued.

[0005] This disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a vehicle that is capable of preventing deterioration of the auxiliary battery when receiving and transmitting power from the outside. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The vehicle according to this disclosure is a vehicle including an auxiliary device required for starting the vehicle, an auxiliary device battery which is a lithium ion secondary battery capable of charging and discharging auxiliary device power, a power line connecting the auxiliary device and the auxiliary device battery, a drive battery capable of charging and discharging drive power for the vehicle, and a converter capable of converting drive power from the drive battery into auxiliary device power and supplying it to the power line. The vehicle includes a terminal connected to the power line between the auxiliary device and a relay which switches between a connected state and a cut-off state of the power line, for transmitting and receiving auxiliary device power to and from the outside, a cover which covers the terminal and can be opened and closed, and a detection unit which controls the relay to be kept in a cut-off state so that the auxiliary device power transmitted and received via the terminal does not flow into the auxiliary device battery when the cover is open, and which can detect the opening and closing of the cover in order to control the relay which has been in a cut-off state to be returned to a connected state when the cover is closed.

[0007] According to this configuration, when auxiliary power is output from the terminal to the outside, the relay is turned off when the detection unit detects that the cover has been opened, so that power supplied from the drive battery to the outside via the converter, the power line, and the terminal does not flow into the auxiliary battery. Also, when auxiliary power is input from the outside to the terminal, the relay is kept in the off state while the detection unit detects that the cover has been opened, so that power supplied from the outside to the auxiliary via the terminal and the power line does not flow into the auxiliary battery. As a result, deterioration of the auxiliary battery when power is exchanged with the outside can be prevented. Effect of the Invention

[0008] According to this disclosure, a vehicle can be provided that is capable of preventing deterioration of an auxiliary battery when electric power is exchanged with the outside. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2]1 is a diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention with a terminal cover open; [Diagram 3] 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of an auxiliary power control process in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. Their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, detailed descriptions thereof will not be repeated.

[0011] Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a vehicle 1 according to this embodiment. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a vehicle 1 according to this embodiment with a terminal cover 12 open. With reference to Figs. 1 and 2, vehicle 1 includes an auxiliary battery 20, an auxiliary load 40, a drive battery 50, a system main relay 60, a DC-DC converter 70, and a control unit 100.

[0012] The vehicle 1 is an electric vehicle that runs on the driving force of a motor generator (not shown). The driving battery 50 is a lithium ion secondary battery, and is capable of discharging high voltage power (for example, power of several tens to several hundreds of volts) that drives the motor generator of the vehicle 1, and of charging high voltage power generated by the motor generator.

[0013] The auxiliary load 40 includes auxiliary equipment necessary for starting the vehicle 1 (for example, the control unit 100, converters such as the DCDC converter 70, the inverter, the driving battery 50 and the cooling pump and cooling fan of the inverter, etc., and the meter panel) and auxiliary equipment not used for starting the vehicle 1 (for example, lights such as headlights and turn signals, power windows, and a car navigation system).

[0014] The auxiliary battery 20 is a lithium ion secondary battery, and is capable of charging and discharging low voltage power (for example, power of about 12 V) for operating the auxiliary load 40. The auxiliary battery 20 includes a measurement unit that measures the voltage and SOC (State Of Charge) of the auxiliary battery 20, and the measurement unit transmits signals indicating the measured values ​​of the measured voltage, SOC, etc. to the control unit 100.

[0015] The system main relay 60 switches between a connected state and a cut-off state of a power line connecting the driving battery 50 and devices that use high voltage power (for example, a DC-DC converter 70 and an inverter for a motor generator) in accordance with a control signal from the control unit 100.

[0016] In accordance with a control signal from the control unit 100, the DCDC converter 70 reduces the voltage of the high-voltage DC (Direct Current) power of the driving battery 50 to a low-voltage DC power voltage, and supplies the reduced low-voltage power to the auxiliary load 40 via the low-voltage power line 22, and also supplies it to the auxiliary battery 20 via the power line 22, the auxiliary battery relay 30, and the power line 21.

[0017] The control unit 100 is composed of at least one ECU (Electronic Control Unit). The ECU includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a memory including a RAM (Random Access Memory) and a ROM (Read Only Memory). The CPU executes a predetermined process according to a program stored in the memory using data stored in the memory or data from the outside.

[0018] Conventionally, there has been a vehicle 1 in which power is supplied from another power-supplying vehicle to an auxiliary battery 20 via a relay such as the auxiliary battery relay 30, and the system is started using the power of the auxiliary battery 20.

[0019] However, when a lithium-ion secondary battery, which has a lower resistance to overcharging and high voltage compared to a lead-acid battery, is used as the auxiliary battery 20, a large current flows through the auxiliary power lines 21, 22 via the rescue terminal 11 when the vehicle 1 rescues another vehicle and when the vehicle 1 is rescued by another vehicle, and the auxiliary battery 20 may be affected and deteriorated. In addition, when the vehicle 1 rescues another vehicle, a large amount of power from the auxiliary battery 20 is output from the rescue terminal 11, which may cause over-discharging and deterioration of the auxiliary battery 20. In addition, when the vehicle 1 is rescued by another vehicle, a large amount of power is input from the rescue terminal 11 to the auxiliary battery 20, which may cause over-charging and deterioration of the auxiliary battery 20. In particular, if the other vehicle providing rescue is a vehicle equipped with a driving engine, the alternator's generated voltage (e.g., 13.5 to 14.5 V) will be significantly higher than the voltage of the auxiliary battery 20 (e.g., around 12 V), which will have a negative effect on the auxiliary battery 20 of the vehicle 1 being rescued.

[0020] Therefore, the vehicle 1 is provided with a rescue terminal 11 connected to the power lines 21, 22 between the auxiliary battery relay 30, which switches the power lines 21, 22 between the auxiliary load 40 and the connected or disconnected state, for transmitting and receiving auxiliary power to and from the outside, a terminal cover 12 which covers the rescue terminal 11 and can be opened and closed, and a detection unit which controls the auxiliary battery relay 30 to be kept in a disconnected state so that the auxiliary power transmitted and received via the rescue terminal 11 does not flow into the auxiliary battery 20 when the terminal cover 12 is open, and which can detect the opening and closing of the terminal cover 12 in order to control the auxiliary battery relay 30, which has been set to a disconnected state, to be returned to a connected state when the terminal cover 12 is closed.

[0021] As a result, when auxiliary power is output from the relief terminal 11 to the outside, the auxiliary battery relay 30 is turned off when the detection unit detects that the terminal cover 12 has been opened, so that the power supplied from the driving battery 50 to the outside via the DCDC converter 70, the power lines 22, 23, and the relief terminal 11 does not flow into the auxiliary battery 20. Also, when auxiliary power is input from the outside to the relief terminal 11, the auxiliary battery relay 30 is maintained in the off state while the detection unit detects that the terminal cover 12 has been opened, so that the power supplied from the outside to the auxiliary load 40 via the relief terminal 11 and the power lines 22, 23 does not flow into the auxiliary battery 20. As a result, deterioration of the auxiliary battery 20 when power is exchanged with the outside can be prevented.

[0022] The above-mentioned configuration is as follows. The auxiliary battery relay 30 is a latching relay including a set coil, a reset coil, and a contact, and the contact is in a connected state when a voltage is applied to the set coil, and the contact is in a cut-off state when a voltage is applied to the reset coil. Specifically, the auxiliary battery relay 30 switches between a connected state and a cut-off state of a power line (a power line 21 from the auxiliary battery relay 30 to the auxiliary battery 20, and a power line 22 from the auxiliary battery relay 30 to the auxiliary load 40) connecting the auxiliary battery 20 and the auxiliary load 40 that uses low-voltage power, according to a control signal from the control unit 100.

[0023] The relief terminal section 10 includes a relief terminal 11 , a terminal cover 12 , interlock terminals 13 and 14 , and a conductor wire 15 .

[0024] The rescue terminal 11 is a terminal for connecting an alligator clip at one end of a positive cable of a booster cable including a positive cable (usually a red cable) and a negative cable (usually a black cable) for connecting the vehicle 1 and another vehicle when supplying power to the other vehicle or receiving power from the other vehicle. The rescue terminal 11 is connected to the power line 22 via the power line 23.

[0025] The terminal cover 12 can be opened and closed. When it is closed (see Figure 1), the relief terminal 11 and the interlock terminals 13, 14 are covered from the outside. When it is open (see Figure 2), the relief terminal 11 and the interlock terminals 13, 14 are not covered from the outside.

[0026] Conductor wire 15 is a conductor electric wire that can connect or disconnect interlock terminals 13, 14 and is attached to terminal cover 12. When terminal cover 12 is closed (see Figure 1), interlock terminals 13, 14 are electrically connected, and when terminal cover 12 is open (see Figure 2), interlock terminals 13, 14 are electrically disconnected.

[0027] The interlock terminals 13 and 14 are each electrically connected to the control unit 100. The control unit 100 passes a current through the interlock terminal 13. When the terminal cover 12 is in a closed state (see FIG. 1), a current flows from the control unit 100 to the control unit 100 via the interlock terminal 13, the conductor wire 15, and the interlock terminal 14. When the control unit 100 passes a current through the interlock terminal 13 and detects that a current has returned from the interlock terminal 14, it determines that the terminal cover 12 is in a closed state (see FIG. 1).

[0028] When terminal cover 12 is open (see FIG. 2), even if control unit 100 attempts to pass a current to interlock terminal 13, the current does not return from interlock terminal 14 because the connection between interlock terminals 13 and 14 is interrupted. When control unit 100 attempts to pass a current to interlock terminal 13 and detects that no current returns from interlock terminal 14, it determines that terminal cover 12 is open (see FIG. 2). In this way, interlock terminals 13 and 14 and conductor wire 15 function as a detection unit capable of detecting whether terminal cover 12 is open or closed.

[0029] 3 is a flowchart showing the flow of the auxiliary power control process in this embodiment. Referring to Fig. 3, the auxiliary power control process is called from a higher-level process by control unit 100 of vehicle 1 at every predetermined control period and executed.

[0030] First, the control unit 100 judges whether the voltage of the auxiliary battery 20 acquired from the auxiliary battery 20 is less than a predetermined voltage (step S101). The predetermined voltage is a border voltage between a voltage at which the auxiliary load 40 (particularly the auxiliary battery relay 30) can be operated normally and stably and cannot be operated normally. The predetermined voltage may be a voltage slightly higher than the border voltage. When it is judged that the voltage of the auxiliary battery 20 is less than the predetermined voltage (YES in step S101), the control unit 100 controls the auxiliary battery relay 30 to be opened if it is not open (cut-off state) (step S102). In this way, when the voltage of the auxiliary battery 20 is decreasing to a level at which rescue is required, the auxiliary battery relay 30 can be cut off in advance before it becomes impossible to operate the auxiliary battery relay 30. For this reason, a booster cable is connected to the rescue terminal 11 so that power can be received from another vehicle, and it is possible to prevent excessively high voltage power from flowing into the auxiliary battery 20 immediately after power supply from the other vehicle begins.

[0031] If it is determined that the voltage of auxiliary battery 20 is not less than the predetermined voltage (NO in step S101), or after step S102, the control unit 100 determines whether or not a change in the state of terminal cover 12 from a closed state to an open state has been detected by detecting a change from a state in which current flows through interlock terminal 14 to a state in which current does not flow when an attempt is made to pass current through interlock terminal 13 (step S111).

[0032] If it is determined that a change in the terminal cover 12 from a closed state to an open state has been detected (YES in step S111), the control unit 100 controls the auxiliary battery relay 30 to be open if it is not open (disconnected state) (step S112), and controls the DCDC converter 70 to be started if it is not started (step S113).

[0033] As a result, when a booster cable is connected to the rescue terminal 11 so that power can be supplied to the other vehicle, low-voltage power is supplied from the drive battery 50 to the other vehicle via the DCDC converter 70. In this case, the auxiliary battery relay 30 is in an interrupted state, so that the low-voltage power from the DCDC converter 70 does not flow into the auxiliary battery 20.

[0034] Furthermore, when a booster cable is connected to the rescue terminal 11 so that power can be supplied from another vehicle, low-voltage power is supplied from the other vehicle to the auxiliary load 40, such as the control unit 100, via the rescue terminal 11. In this case, the auxiliary battery relay 30 is in an interrupted state, so that the low-voltage power from the other vehicle does not flow into the auxiliary battery 20.

[0035] If it is determined that the change of the terminal cover 12 from a closed state to an open state has not been detected (NO in step S111), or after step S113, the control unit 100 determines whether the auxiliary loads 40 (particularly, the auxiliary loads 40 necessary for starting the vehicle 1) have not been started (step S114). If it is determined that the auxiliary loads 40 have not been started (YES in step S114), such as immediately after the main switch is turned on, the control unit 100 controls the auxiliary loads 40 (particularly, the auxiliary loads 40 necessary for starting the vehicle 1) to be started if they have not been started (step S115). This makes it possible to start the vehicle 1.

[0036] When it is determined that the auxiliary load 40 is not inactive (NO in step S114), or after step S115, the control unit 100 determines whether the SOC of the auxiliary battery 20 acquired from the auxiliary battery 20 is equal to or lower than the control lower limit (step S116). The auxiliary battery 20 is normally controlled by the control unit 100 so that the range of the SOC is equal to or higher than the control lower limit and equal to or lower than the control upper limit. Therefore, when it is determined that the SOC of the auxiliary battery 20 is equal to or lower than the control lower limit (YES in step S116), the control unit 100 controls the DCDC converter 70 to be activated if it is not activated (step S117). As a result, power is supplied from the drive battery 50 to the auxiliary battery 20 via the DCDC converter 70, and the SOC of the auxiliary battery 20 increases.

[0037] If it is determined that the SOC of auxiliary battery 20 is not below the lower control limit (NO in step S116), or after step S117, the control unit 100 determines whether or not a change in the state of terminal cover 12 from an open state to a closed state has been detected by detecting a change from a state in which no current flows through interlock terminal 14 to a state in which current flows when an attempt is made to flow through interlock terminal 13 (step S121).

[0038] When it is determined that the terminal cover 12 has been changed from an open state to a closed state (YES in step S121), the control unit 100 controls the auxiliary battery relay 30 to be closed (connected state) (step S122). As a result, a low-voltage power is supplied from the driving battery 50 via the DCDC converter 70 to the auxiliary battery 20 and the auxiliary load 40, and the low-voltage power from the auxiliary battery 20 is supplied to the auxiliary load 40 such as the control unit 100.

[0039] When it is determined that the change of the terminal cover 12 from the open state to the closed state has not been detected (NO in step S121), or after step S122, the control unit 100 determines whether the SOC of the auxiliary battery 20 is equal to or higher than the control upper limit (step S123). When it is determined that the SOC of the auxiliary battery 20 is equal to or higher than the control upper limit (YES in step S123), the control unit 100 controls the DCDC converter 70 to stop if it is not stopped (step S124). This makes it possible to prevent the SOC of the auxiliary battery 20 from becoming equal to or higher than the control upper limit.

[0040] If it is determined that the SOC of the auxiliary battery 20 is not equal to or higher than the control upper limit (NO in step S123), or after step S124, the control unit 100 returns the process to be executed to the higher-level process that called this auxiliary power control process.

[0041] [Variations] (1) In the above-described embodiment, vehicle 1 is an electric vehicle as shown in Figures 1 and 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and vehicle 1 may be any electric vehicle that runs using high voltage power from drive battery 50 as drive power, and may be, for example, a hybrid vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, or a fuel cell vehicle.

[0042] (2) In the embodiment described above, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, driving battery 50 is a lithium-ion secondary battery. However, this is not limited thereto, and driving battery 50 may be any power storage device capable of charging and discharging high-voltage power for driving vehicle 1. For example, driving battery 50 may be a lithium-ion secondary battery having a liquid, gel, or solid electrolyte, a nickel-metal hydride battery, or a capacitor.

[0043] (3) In the embodiment described above, the auxiliary battery 20 is a lithium ion secondary battery as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The lithium ion secondary battery used in the auxiliary battery 20 may have a liquid, gel, or solid electrolyte.

[0044] (4) In the above-described embodiment, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the detection unit capable of detecting the opening and closing of the terminal cover 12 is configured to include the interlock terminals 13, 14 and the conductor wire 15. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the detection unit may have another configuration. For example, the detection unit may be configured to include a sensor that detects light on the main body side of the relief terminal unit 10, and when the terminal cover 12 of the relief terminal unit 10 is opened, the sensor detects the light, thereby detecting that the terminal cover 12 has been opened. Furthermore, the detection unit may be configured to include a sensor of the same type as the sensor that detects the opening and closing of the door of the vehicle 1 on the main body side of the relief terminal unit 10, and the sensor detects the opening and closing of the terminal cover 12.

[0045] (5) In the above-described embodiment, the auxiliary battery relay 30 is a latching relay as shown in Figures 1 and 2. However, this is not limited to this, and the relay may be a make contact relay (a contact relay, normally open contact relay) whose contacts are connected when a voltage is applied to the coil.

[0046] (6) The above-described embodiment can be understood as disclosing the vehicle 1 as shown in Figures 1 and 2. It can be understood as disclosing a control device such as the control unit 100 of the vehicle 1 as shown in Figures 1 to 3. It can be understood as disclosing a control method by the control device or a control program executed by the control device as shown in Figure 3. It can be understood as disclosing the structure of the relief terminal unit 10 as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0047] [summary] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, vehicle 1 is equipped with an auxiliary load 40 necessary for starting vehicle 1, an auxiliary battery 20 which is a lithium ion secondary battery capable of charging and discharging auxiliary power, power lines 21, 22 connecting auxiliary load 40 and auxiliary battery 20, a driving battery 50 capable of charging and discharging driving power for vehicle 1, and a DCDC converter 70 capable of converting the driving power from driving battery 50 into auxiliary power and supplying it to power lines 21, 22.

[0048] As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, vehicle 1 is equipped with a rescue terminal 11 that is connected to power lines 21, 22 between auxiliary battery relay 30, which switches the connected state or cut-off state of power lines 21, 22, and auxiliary load 40, and is used to exchange auxiliary power with the outside, a terminal cover 12 that covers the rescue terminal 11 and can be opened and closed, and a detection unit (e.g., interlock terminals 13, 14 and conductor wire 15) that can detect the opening and closing of the terminal cover 12 in order to control the auxiliary battery relay 30 to be held in a cut-off state (e.g., steps S111 and S112) so that auxiliary power exchanged via the rescue terminal 11 does not flow into the auxiliary battery 20 when the terminal cover 12 is open, and to control the auxiliary battery relay 30, which has been set to a cut-off state when the terminal cover 12 is closed, to be returned to a connected state (e.g., steps S121 and S122).

[0049] As a result, when auxiliary power is output from the relief terminal 11 to the outside, the auxiliary battery relay 30 is turned off when the detection unit detects that the terminal cover 12 has been opened, so that the power supplied from the driving battery 50 to the outside via the DCDC converter 70, the power lines 22, 23, and the relief terminal 11 does not flow into the auxiliary battery 20. Also, when auxiliary power is input from the outside to the relief terminal 11, the auxiliary battery relay 30 is maintained in the off state while the detection unit detects that the terminal cover 12 has been opened, so that the power supplied from the outside to the auxiliary load 40 via the relief terminal 11 and the power lines 22, 23 does not flow into the auxiliary battery 20. As a result, deterioration of the auxiliary battery 20 when power is exchanged with the outside can be prevented.

[0050] It is also intended that the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in appropriate combination. The embodiments disclosed herein should be considered to be illustrative and not restrictive in all respects. The scope of the present disclosure is indicated by the claims, not by the description of the above-mentioned embodiments, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 1 vehicle, 10 relief terminal section, 11 relief terminal, 12 terminal cover, 13, 14 interlock terminal, 15 conductor wire, 20 auxiliary battery, 21, 22, 23 power lines, 30 auxiliary battery relay, 40 auxiliary load, 50 drive battery, 60 system main relay, 70 DCDC converter, 100 control section.

Claims

1. A vehicle including an auxiliary device required for starting the vehicle, an auxiliary device battery which is a lithium ion secondary battery capable of charging and discharging electric power for the auxiliary device, a power line connecting the auxiliary device and the auxiliary device battery, a driving battery capable of charging and discharging electric power for driving the vehicle, and a converter capable of converting the driving electric power from the driving battery into electric power for the auxiliary device and supplying the electric power to the power line, a terminal connected to the power line between the auxiliary device and a relay that switches between a connected state and a cut-off state of the power line, for transmitting and receiving auxiliary device power between the auxiliary device and an outside; a cover that covers the terminal and is openable and closable; a detection unit capable of detecting the opening and closing of the cover to control the relay to be held in the disconnected state so that auxiliary power exchanged via the terminal does not flow into the auxiliary battery when the cover is open, and to control the relay, which has been set to the disconnected state, to be returned to the connected state when the cover is closed.

2. The auxiliary does not include a starter for cranking the engine, 2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein no voltage conversion device other than the converter is provided between the terminal and the auxiliary battery.

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