Information presentation device and information presentation method

Abstract

To provide an information presentation device and an information presentation method capable of clarifying points of conflict arising due to differences in values.SOLUTION: An information presentation device having a processor that executes a program, and a storage device that stores the program can access a database that stores a preference data group defining preference relations indicating that one value indicator is preferred over the other value indicator for each pair of value indicators in a value indicator group. The processor executes: selection processing for selecting at least first preference data and second preference data from the preference data group; first search processing for searching for a conflicting point indicating that a first value indicator is preferred over a second value indicator in a pair of value indicators of the first preference data selected by the selection processing, and the second value indicator is preferred over the first value indicator in a pair of value indicators of the second preference data; and output processing for outputting the conflicting point searched by the first search processing in a displayable manner.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 17

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an information presentation device and an information presentation method for presenting information. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which were formulated to solve global social issues, are expected to achieve sustainable development in a balanced and integrated manner that balances the three values ​​of society, the environment, and the economy. Therefore, it is required that the impact of a company's business, etc. be quantitatively evaluated along the value axes of society, the environment, and the economy, and that activities be carried out to increase value.

[0003] To achieve the above, it is possible to objectively quantify environmental values ​​such as carbon dioxide emissions and economic values ​​such as corporate profits. Meanwhile, social value includes objective aspects such as inequality and fairness, as well as subjective aspects such as the continuity of local culture through regional development, the quality of life of local residents, and their sense of happiness. Therefore, quantifying social value requires quantifying subjective aspects such as values. Here, values ​​are indicators represented by preference relationships such as liking / disliking things, and whether something is important / not important.

[0004] When local governments, companies, etc. consider multiple policies, the number of indicators to be considered can become very large. When dealing with a large number of indicators, each indicator will have a relationship of superiority or inferiority with the other indicators, such as preferring indicator B over indicator A, preferring indicator C over indicator B, or preferring indicator A over indicator C, so there are limitations to the manual effort required to share opinions between residents and stakeholders and reach a consensus.

[0005] The following Patent Document 1 discloses a consensus building support device that supports social consensus building. This consensus building support device supports two-layer communication: communication between a facilitator and multiple opinion leaders, and communication by general participants, thereby supporting social consensus building. The consensus building support device displays the state of discussion in the discussion venue on the general participant terminal, and also causes the general participants to input their opinions into the general participant terminal and acquires those opinions. The consensus building support device also displays the opinions input by the general participants on a display monitor installed in the discussion venue and on a terminal referenced by the opinion leaders participating in the discussion. This allows the opinion leaders to proceed with the discussion while taking into account the opinions of the general participants. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2012-014234 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, the consensus building support device of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 does not take into consideration preference relationships in which values ​​conflict between individuals or groups. Therefore, it is not possible to explicitly present which values ​​are in conflict with each other.

[0008] The present invention aims to clarify conflicts that arise from differences in values. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] An information presentation device which is one aspect of the invention disclosed in the present application is an information presentation device having a processor which executes a program and a storage device which stores the program, and is capable of accessing a database which stores a group of preference data which defines a preference relationship which indicates that one value index is preferred over the other value index for each pair of value indexes in a group of value indexes, and the processor is characterized by executing a selection process which selects at least first preference data and second preference data from the group of preference data, a first search process which searches for a conflicting point which indicates that the first value index is preferred over the second value index of the pair of value indexes of the first preference data selected by the selection process and that the second value index is preferred over the first value index of the pair of value indexes of the second preference data, and an output process which outputs the conflicting point searched for by the first search process in a displayable manner. Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the representative embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to clarify conflicts arising from differences in values. Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will become apparent from the following description of the embodiments. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a system configuration of an information presentation system. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a computer. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the information presentation device. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a directed graph representation of preference data. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a data structure of preference data. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example (first half) of a visualization processing procedure performed by the information display device. [Figure 7]FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 1 on a communication terminal. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a visualization process procedure (second half 1) performed by the information display device. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of a display screen on a communication terminal. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a visualization process procedure (second half 2) performed by the information display device. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 3 on a communication terminal. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of a visualization processing procedure (last 3) by a computer. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 4 on the communication terminal. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 5 on the communication terminal. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a visualization processing procedure (last 4) by the information display device. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 5 on the communication terminal. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific display example of the conflicting part search. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific display example of the tree structure generation. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific display example of the reverse preference search. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 6 on a communication terminal. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a seventh display screen example in a communication terminal. [Figure 22] FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 8 on the communication terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] <System configuration example of information presentation system> 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the system configuration of an information presentation system. The information presentation system 100 includes an information presentation device 101 and a communication terminal 102. The information presentation device and the communication terminal are communicatively connected via a network 103 such as the Internet, a LAN (Local Area Network), or a WAN (Wide Area Network).

[0013] The information presentation device 101 is a computer that executes calculations to visualize points where people's values ​​conflict. The information presentation device 101 can access a preference DB 110. The preference DB 110 is a database that stores preference data groups that define preference relationships. The communication terminal 102 is a computer that transmits data to the information presentation device 101 via a network 103 and displays data from the information presentation device 101, and is operated by a facilitator 120. The facilitator inputs data indicating values ​​from a participant group G into the communication terminal 102 and transmits it to the information presentation device 101, and displays the data from the information presentation device 101 to present to the participants.

[0014] Although not shown, the participants may also have communication terminals capable of communicating with the facilitator's communication terminal 102. In this case, the participant's communication terminal may transmit data indicating values ​​to the facilitator's communication terminal 102, or receive data from the information presentation device 101 from the facilitator's communication terminal 102. The information presentation device 101 may display the output data on its own display.

[0015] <Example of computer hardware configuration> FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of a computer (information presentation device 101, communication terminal 102). The computer 200 has a processor 201, a storage device 202, an input device 203, an output device 204, and a communication interface (communication IF) 205. The processor 201, the storage device 202, the input device 203, the output device 204, and the communication IF 205 are connected by a bus 206. The processor 201 controls the computer 200. The storage device 202 is a working area for the processor 201. The storage device 202 is a non-transient or temporary recording medium that stores various programs and data. Examples of the storage device 202 include a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a hard disk drive (HDD), and a flash memory. The input device 203 inputs data. Examples of the input device 203 include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, a numeric keypad, a scanner, and a microphone. The output device 204 outputs data. Examples of the output device 204 include a display, a printer, and a speaker. The communication IF 205 connects to a network and transmits and receives data.

[0016] <Example of functional configuration of information presentation device 101> Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of the information presentation device 101. The information presentation device 101 includes a preference DB 110, an input unit 301, a creation unit 302, an acquisition unit 303, a selection unit 304, a search unit 305, a generation unit 306, and an output unit 307. The preference DB 110 is specifically realized by, for example, the storage device 202 shown in Fig. 2. The input unit 301 to the output unit 307 are specifically realized by, for example, causing the processor 201 to execute a program stored in the storage device 202 shown in Fig. 2.

[0017] The preference DB 110 is a database that stores preference data groups 300s that define preference relationships indicating that one value index is preferred over the other value index for each pair of value indexes in the value index group. The preference data group 300s is a collection of n pieces of preference data 300-1, 300-2, ..., 300-n (n is an integer of 2 or more). When there is no need to distinguish between the preference data 300-1, 300-2, ..., 300-n, they are simply referred to as preference data 300. The preference data groups 300s exist for each topic, such as energy policies, the problem of waiting lists for children, and hosting the Olympics.

[0018] The input unit 301 accepts data input. Specifically, for example, the input unit 301 receives data from the communication terminal 102, or receives an input signal accepted by the communication terminal 102 through the operation of the facilitator 120. The data from the communication terminal 102 includes, for example, data indicating values ​​from the participant group G, specifically, a questionnaire compilation result regarding a group of value indices by a paired comparison method. The participant group G is composed of one or more participants. More specifically, the questionnaire compilation result is data indicating which of each pair of value indices each participant belonging to the participant group G preferred for each pair of value indices in the group of value indices.

[0019] For example, if one wishes to reach a consensus among residents of a certain region regarding energy policies in that region, there may be 13 value indexes, such as resident cost, economic circulation rate, greenhouse gas emissions, forest area, air pollution, water pollution, livability, resident satisfaction, morbidity rate, population growth rate, number of tourists, electricity consumption, and unemployment rate. When a survey using paired comparison is conducted on these 13 value indexes, aggregated results are obtained for each participant group G (for example, each city, ward, town, or village in the region). In the paired comparison method, each participant prefers one of two value indexes. This allows the number of preferences for one value index over the other to be counted for each participant group G.

[0020] The creation unit 302 creates classification data using the survey tally results for each participant group G. Specifically, for example, the creation unit 302 acquires the survey tally results via the input unit 301, and counts the number of preferences for one value index over the other value index for each participant group G.

[0021] In the above-mentioned example of the 13 value indexes, for example, for resident cost, the creation unit 302 counts the number of preferences for the economic circulation rate of resident cost, the number of preferences for the greenhouse gas emission of resident cost, the number of preferences for the forest area of ​​resident cost, the number of preferences for the air pollution of resident cost, the number of preferences for the water pollution of resident cost, the number of preferences for the livability of resident cost, the number of preferences for the resident satisfaction of resident cost, the number of preferences for the disease rate of resident cost, the number of preferences for the population growth rate of resident cost, the number of preferences for the number of tourists of resident cost, the number of preferences for the electricity consumption of resident cost, and the number of preferences for the unemployment rate of resident cost. The creation unit 302 similarly counts 12 types of preference numbers for other value indexes.

[0022] The creation unit 302 uses the preference number of each value index with respect to other value indexes to create preference data 300. The preference data 300 is a directed graph in which a group of value indexes is arranged as points on a circle, and a pair of value indexes is connected by a directed edge.

[0023] Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a directed graph representation of preference data 300. In Fig. 4, value indices are represented as nodes a to f and black dots on a circle. Preference data 300-1 is a directed graph based on the survey results of a certain participant group G1 regarding value indices a to f. Preference data 300-2 is a directed graph based on the survey results of another participant group G2 regarding value indices a to f.

[0024] In the preference data 300, an edge E(x,y) connecting nodes x and y showing two value indices is expressed as a directed line segment, and if the preference numbers Nx, Ny of the two value indices x and y are Nx>Ny, it is expressed as a value system of x←y. Also, if Nx=Ny, the edge E(x,y) is expressed as an undirected line segment, or the edge E(x,y) is not displayed.

[0025] In addition, if the preference numbers Nx, Ny are expressed by the value of x←y if Nx>Ny, but if the difference |Nx-Ny| between the preference numbers Nx, Ny is less than a predetermined threshold, the edge E(x,y) may be expressed by an undirected line segment, or the edge E(x,y) may not be displayed, as in the case of Nx=Ny. The creation unit 302 creates such preference data 300 and stores it in the preference DB 110. Here, the data structure of the preference data 300 will be described with reference to FIG. 5.

[0026] Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the data structure of preference data 300. In Fig. 5, preference data 300-1 will be explained as an example. Preference data 300-1 has constituent nodes 501 and edge ID 502. Constituent nodes 501 are nodes x and y that constitute edge E(x, y) identified by edge ID 502, and have start node ID 511, end node ID 512, and weight 513.

[0027] The start node ID 511 is identification information for identifying node y, which is the start point (the side without the arrow) of the directed line segment. The end node ID 512 is identification information for identifying node x, which is the end point (the side with the arrow) of the directed line segment. The weight 513 indicates the importance of the edge E(x, y) identified by the edge ID 502, and is, for example, a value obtained by subtracting the preference number Ny of the start node y from the preference number Nx of the end node x.

[0028] Returning to Fig. 3, the acquisition unit 303 acquires a preference data group 300s related to a target agenda from the preference DB 110. The target agenda is specified by the facilitator 120 from the communication terminal 102 via the input unit 301. The acquired preference data group 300s is transmitted to the communication terminal 102 via the output unit 307.

[0029] The selection unit 304 selects a plurality of preference data 300 to be compared from the preference data group 300s acquired by the acquisition unit 303. The plurality of preference data 300 to be compared is selected, for example, by the facilitator 120 from the communication terminal 102 via the input unit 301. The selection result is transmitted to the communication terminal 102 via the output unit 307.

[0030] The search unit 305 searches for a point where the value indexes x, y conflict with respect to the plurality of preference data 300 selected by the selection unit 304. Specifically, for example, as shown in Fig. 4, the search unit 305 generates composite preference data 400 by combining preference data 300-1 and 300-2, and searches for edges E(x, y) in which directed segments are in opposite directions from each other in the composite preference data 400, and sets the edge as a conflict point 401.

[0031] Specifically, for example, if the preference data 300-1 and 300-2 each have an edge E(x,y) with the same edge ID 502, if they are in the same direction, it is treated as a directed line segment in that direction, and if they are in opposite directions, it is treated as a bidirectional directed line segment. If either of the preference data 300-1 and 300-2 has an edge, that edge is adopted. For nodes x and y that do not have an edge E(x,y) in either of the preference data 300-1 and 300-2, there is also no edge E(x,y) between those nodes x and y in the composite preference data 400.

[0032] In the example of FIG. 4, the edges E(a,b) of both preference data 300-1 and 300-2 are oriented in opposite directions, so that the bidirectional edges E(a,b) are searched for as a conflicting point 401 of values.

[0033] 3, the search unit 305 searches for a route with a preference opposite to that of the conflict point 401, and searches for a node that will become a hub among the connection nodes of the conflict point 401. The search result is transmitted to the communication terminal 102 via the output unit 307.

[0034] The generating unit 306 generates a tree structure of the preference data 300 based on the conflict location 401. The generated tree structure is transmitted to the communication terminal 102 via the output unit 307.

[0035] The output unit 307 outputs the data from the acquisition unit 303, the selection unit 304, the search unit 305, and the generation unit 306 in a displayable manner to the communication terminal 102. The output data is displayed on a display, which is an example of the output device 204 of the communication terminal 102.

[0036] <Visualization process example> Next, an example of a visualization process procedure by the information presentation system 100 will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0037] 6 is a flowchart showing an example (first half) of a visualization process procedure by the information display device 101. The information display device 101 acquires a preference data group from the preference DB 110 by the acquisition unit 303 (step S601). Next, the information display device 101 visualizes the acquired preference data group (step S602). Specifically, for example, the information display device 101 transmits the acquired preference data group to the communication terminal 102 and causes the communication terminal 102 to display it.

[0038] 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 1 of the communication terminal 102. The display screen 700 has a first display area 701 and a second display area 702. The first display area 701 displays the preference data group 300s transmitted from the information presentation device 101. In FIG. 7, the preference data group 300s is the preference data 300-1 of one participant group G1 and the preference data 300-2 of the other participant group G2 to be compared. The checkbox 710 is a user interface for selecting the preference data 300-1, 300-2.

[0039] The preference data group acquisition button 711 is a user interface for acquiring the preference data group 300s from the information presentation device 101. The end button 712 is a user interface for ending the visualization process by the information presentation system 100.

[0040] The conflict location search button 721 is a user interface for searching for the conflict location 401 in the search unit 305. The tree structure generation button 722 is a user interface for generating a tree structure in the generation unit 306. The reverse preference search button 723 is a user interface for searching for reverse preferences in the search unit 305. The hub node search button 724 is a user interface for searching for hub nodes in the search unit 305.

[0041] When the preference data group acquisition button 711 is pressed on the communication terminal 102, an agenda display screen 730 is displayed. Selectable agenda items are displayed on the agenda display screen 730. FIG. 7 shows a state in which a check has been entered into the checkbox 731 for energy measures by the operation of the facilitator 120. When the decision button 732 is pressed, the communication terminal 102 requests the information presentation device 101 to acquire the preference data group 300s for the agenda item selected by the checkbox 731. The information presentation device 101 transmits the preference data 300-1 and 300-2 to the communication terminal 102 as the preference data group 300s related to energy measures. As a result, the preference data 300-1 and 300-2 are displayed in the first display area 701.

[0042] Returning to Fig. 6, the information display device 101 selects two pieces of preference data 300-1 and 300-2 to be compared (step S603). Specifically, for example, as shown in Fig. 7, the facilitator 120 checks a checkbox 710, whereby the preference data 300-1 and 300-2 are selected, and the communication terminal 102 notifies the information display device 101. As a result, the information display device 101 selects the preference data 300-1 and 300-2. Alternatively, the information display device 101 may automatically select two pieces of preference data from the preference data group 300s.

[0043] Then, the information presentation device 101 waits for input from the communication terminal 102 of a conflict location search using the conflict location search button 721, a tree structure generation using the tree structure generation button 722, a reverse preference search using the reverse preference search button 723, or a hub node search using the hub node search button 724 (step S604).

[0044] When a conflict part search is accepted from the communication terminal 102 using the conflict part search button 721 (step S604: conflict part search), the processing of the information presentation device 101 transitions to FIG. 8; when a tree structure generation is accepted using the tree structure generation button 722 (step S604: tree structure generation), the processing of the information presentation device 101 transitions to FIG. 10; when a reverse preference search is accepted using the reverse preference search button 723 (step S604: reverse preference search), the processing of the information presentation device 101 transitions to FIG. 12; and when a hub node search is accepted using the hub node search button 724 (step S604: hub node search), the processing of the information presentation device 101 transitions to FIG. 15.

[0045] 8 is a flowchart showing an example of a visualization processing procedure (second half 1) by the information display device 101. When a conflict search is accepted from the communication terminal 102 by the conflict search button 721 (step S604: conflict search), the information display device 101 searches for the conflict 401 as shown in FIG.

[0046] The search unit 305 may search for the conflict part 401 by excluding edges E(x, y) whose weight 513 is less than a threshold value. Then, the information display device 101 visualizes the conflict part 401 (step S802). Specifically, for example, the information display device 101 transmits the composite preference data 400 including the conflict part 401 to the communication terminal 102 and causes the communication terminal 102 to display it.

[0047] Fig. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 2 of the communication terminal 102. In Fig. 9, when the communication terminal 102 receives a press of the conflict part search button 721 from the facilitator 120 (step S604: conflict part search), the communication terminal 102 displays the combined preference data 400 including the conflict part 401 from the information presentation device 101 in the second display area 702.

[0048] In this way, the conflict points 401 become clear, and participant groups G1 and G2 can share their conflicting values ​​and exchange opinions, so that when participant groups G1 and G2 discuss the issue, participant groups G1 and G2 can feel a sense of satisfaction.

[0049] 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a visualization process procedure (second half 2) by the information display device 101. When a tree structure generation is accepted from the communication terminal 102 by the tree structure generation button 722 (step S604: generate tree structure), the information display device 101 judges whether the conflict part 401 has been searched for in step S801 (step S1001). If the conflict part 401 has not been searched for (step S1001: No), the information display device 101 searches for the conflict part 401 (step S801) and proceeds to step S1003. On the other hand, if the conflict part 401 has been searched for (step S1001: Yes), the information display device 101 reads out the composite preference data 400 including the conflict part 401 from the storage device 202 (step S1002) and proceeds to step S1003.

[0050] The information presentation device 101 extracts the connection nodes a and b of the conflict point 401, generates a tree structure, and stores it in the storage device 202 (step S1003). Then, the information presentation device 101 visualizes the generated tree structure (step S1004). Specifically, for example, the information presentation device 101 transmits the tree structure to the communication terminal 102 and causes the communication terminal 102 to display it.

[0051] Fig. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 3 of the communication terminal 102. In Fig. 11, when the communication terminal 102 accepts tree structure generation by the tree structure generation button 722 (step S604: generate tree structure), the communication terminal 102 displays a tree structure 1100 from the information presentation device 101 in the second display area 702.

[0052] The tree structure 1100 is data in which the composite preference data 400 is expanded in a tree shape with the conflict location 401 at the center. The tree structure 1100 indicates how far other nodes c to f are from nodes a and b of the conflict location 401. Specifically, for example, the generating unit 306 expands from each of nodes a and b of the conflict location 401 until there are no more hop destination nodes or until it returns to the node of the conflict location 401.

[0053] The dotted line L1a indicates one hop away from node a of the conflict site 401, and the dotted line L2a indicates two hops away from node a of the conflict site 401. The dotted line L1b indicates one hop away from node b of the conflict site 401, and the dotted line L2b indicates two hops away from node b of the conflict site 401.

[0054] Only the end nodes c and e are placed on the dotted lines L2a and L2b, which are the maximum number of hops. This is because there is no edge whose starting point is node c, and if node e is the starting point, the end node is node a at the conflict point 401.

[0055] Also, nodes d and e, which are the end points, are placed on dotted lines L1a and L1b, which do not have the maximum number of hops, but are not connected to nodes on dotted lines L2a and L2b. This is because the start point node when node d is the end point is node a at the conflict point 401. Also, nodes d and f, which are the start points when node e is the end point, are already placed on dotted lines L1a and L1b, which do not have the maximum number of hops.

[0056] This makes it easy to visually confirm the number of hops from nodes a and b constituting the conflict point 401 to other nodes c to f. It is visually recognized that nodes a and b constituting the conflict point 401 are not in conflict with other nodes having a smaller number of hops.

[0057] By visualizing the composite preference data 400 in a tree structure 1100, it becomes clear which indicators (nodes) between which the conflicting part 401 occurs. This allows the value indicators a and b of the conflicting part 401 to be shared between both participant groups G1 and G2. This allows, for example, opinions on the value indicators a and b of the conflicting part 401 to be collected from both participant groups G1 and G2, making it easy for both participant groups G1 and G2 to obtain the opinions of the other party.

[0058] Moreover, by visualizing the tree structure 1100, it is possible to specify what kind of values ​​other non-conflicting nodes within a predetermined number of hops (for example, one hop) from the nodes a and b of the conflict point 401 have. This allows both participant groups G1 and G2 to share non-conflicting value indices d to f close to the value indices a and b of the conflict point 401. This allows, for example, a conflict regarding the value indices a and b, but no conflict regarding the value indices d to f, so that discussion regarding the value indices d to f can be advanced.

[0059] 12 is a flowchart showing an example of a visualization process procedure (second half 3) by the information display device 101. When a reverse preference search is accepted from the communication terminal 102 by the reverse preference search button 723 (step S604: reverse preference search), the information display device 101 determines whether or not the conflict point 401 has been searched for in step S801 (step S1001).

[0060] If the conflicting part 401 has not been searched (step S1001: No), the information presentation device 101 searches for the conflicting part 401 (step S801) and proceeds to step S1201. On the other hand, if the conflicting part 401 has been searched (step S1001: Yes), the information presentation device 101 reads out the composite preference data 400 including the conflicting part 401 from the storage device 202 (step S1002) and proceeds to step S1201.

[0061] The information presentation device 101 determines whether the tree structure 1100 has been generated in step S1003 (step S1201). If the tree structure 1100 has not been generated (step S1201: No), the information presentation device 101 identifies nodes a and b of the conflicting part 401, generates the tree structure 1100, saves it in the storage device 202, and proceeds to step S1202 (step S1003). On the other hand, if the tree structure 1100 has been generated (step S1201: Yes), the information presentation device 101 reads out the tree structure 1100 from the storage device 202 (step S1202), and proceeds to step S1203.

[0062] The information display device 101 searches for a path in the tree structure 1100 that leads to a preference opposite to the preference of the conflict point 401 (step S1203). Then, the information display device 101 visualizes the searched reverse preference path (step S1204). Specifically, for example, the information display device 101 transmits the tree structure 1100 including the reverse preference path to the communication terminal 102 and causes the communication terminal 102 to display it.

[0063] Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 4 of the communication terminal 102. In Fig. 13, when the communication terminal 102 accepts a reverse preference search by the reverse preference search button 723 (step S604: reverse preference search), the communication terminal 102 displays a tree structure 1100 resulting from the reverse preference search in the second display area 702.

[0064] A search path 1300 selected by a tab 1311 is a path to be presented to a participant group G1 where edge E(a, b) is a→b (b has a larger number of preferences than a), and is composed of a forward preference path a→b at the conflict point and reverse preference paths 1301, 1302 (b→f→e→a). The nodes that compose the reverse preference paths 1301, 1302 are called intermediate nodes.

[0065] Focusing on the conflict point 401, the values ​​of the participant group G1 are a → b, but if a search path 1300 is traced starting from b, which has a large number of preferences, a reverse preference path 1301 leads to a via b → f → e. This node e is also the starting point of a reverse preference path 1302, which traces e → a.

[0066] That is, in the reverse preference paths 1301 and 1302, the path follows b→f→e→a, so that node a is a value index with a larger number of preferences than node e, that node e is a value index with a larger number of preferences than node f, and that node f is a value index with a larger number of preferences than node b. Therefore, by referring to the search path 1300 (b→f→e→a), the participant group G1 can share opinions with the participant group G2 on value indexes b and f, value indexes f and e, and value indexes e and a, rather than conflicting with the participant group G2 on value indexes a and b. As a result, if discussions on value indexes b and f, value indexes f and e, and value indexes e and a are prioritized over the conflict point 401, there is no need to discuss the conflict point 401.

[0067] In this way, by searching in the opposite preference direction, rather than directly from node b of the conflict location 401 to node a of the conflict location 401, it is possible to identify an inverse preference path (b → f → e → a) that indirectly goes from node b of the conflict location 401 to node a via an intermediate node. Therefore, the facilitator 120 can encourage the participant group G2 to understand the inverse preference relationship in the inverse preference path (b → f → e → a). This is expected to alleviate the conflict between the participant groups G1 and G2 regarding the conflict location 401.

[0068] Fig. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing display screen example 5 on communication terminal 102. Fig. 14 shows a search path 1400 that is displayed when tab 1312 is selected.

[0069] The search path 1400 selected in tab 1312 is a path to be presented to participant group G2 where edge E(a, b) is b → a (a has a larger number of preferences than b), and is composed of the forward preference path b → a at conflict point 401 and reverse preference paths 1401, 1402 (a → d → b).

[0070] Focusing on the conflict point 401, the value of the participant group G2 is b → a, but if a, which has a large number of preferences, is used as the starting point and a search path 1400 is followed, the reverse preference path 1401 will lead to b via a → d. This d is also the starting point of the reverse preference path 1402, which follows d → b.

[0071] That is, since the reverse preference paths 1401 and 1402 are paths that follow a → d → b, b is a value index with a greater number of preferences than d, and its node d is a value index with a greater number of preferences than node a. Therefore, by referring to the search path 1400 (a → d → b), the participant group G2 can share opinions on the value indexes a, d, and value indexes d, b, rather than conflicting with the participant group G1 on the value indexes a, b. As a result, if discussion on the value indexes a, d, and value indexes d, b is prioritized over the conflict point 401, there is no need to discuss the conflict point 401.

[0072] In this way, by searching in the opposite preference direction, rather than directly from node a in the conflict area 401 to node b in the conflict area 401, it is possible to identify an inverse preference path (a → d → b) that indirectly goes from node a in the conflict area 401 to a → b via an intermediate node. Therefore, the facilitator 120 can encourage the participant group G1 to understand the inverse preference relationship in the inverse preference path (a → d → b). This is expected to alleviate the conflict between the participant groups G1 and G2 regarding the conflict area 401.

[0073] 15 is a flowchart showing an example of a visualization processing procedure (last half 4) by the information display device 101. When a hub node search is received from the communication terminal 102 by the hub node search button 724 (step S604: hub node search), the information display device 101 determines whether or not the conflict point 401 has been searched for in step S801 (step S1001).

[0074] If the conflicting part 401 has not been searched (step S1001: No), the information presentation device 101 searches for the conflicting part 401 (step S801) and proceeds to step S1201. On the other hand, if the conflicting part 401 has been searched (step S1001: Yes), the information presentation device 101 reads out the composite preference data 400 including the conflicting part 401 from the storage device 202 (step S1002) and proceeds to step S1201.

[0075] The information presentation device 101 determines whether the tree structure 1100 has been generated in step S1003 (step S1201). If the tree structure 1100 has not been generated (step S1201: No), the information presentation device 101 identifies nodes a and b of the conflicting part 401, generates the tree structure 1100, saves it in the storage device 202, and proceeds to step S1202 (step S1003). On the other hand, if the tree structure 1100 has been generated (step S1201: Yes), the information presentation device 101 reads out the tree structure 1100 from the storage device 202 (step S1202), and proceeds to step S1203.

[0076] The information presentation device 101 searches for a hub node among the nodes a and b of the conflict point 401 in the tree structure 1100 (step S1501). Then, the information presentation device 101 visualizes the searched hub node (step S1502). Specifically, for example, the information presentation device 101 transmits the tree structure 1100 including the hub node to the communication terminal 102 and causes the communication terminal 102 to display it.

[0077] Fig. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing display screen example 5 of communication terminal 102. In Fig. 16, when communication terminal 102 accepts a hub node search using hub node search button 724 (step S604: hub node search), it displays tree structure 1100 in which hub nodes are visually identified in second display area 702. In Fig. 16, node d visually identified in hub node display 1600 is a hub node. Hub node display 1600 is not limited to the display in Fig. 16, and may be any display as long as it can be distinguished from other nodes that are not hub nodes.

[0078] A hub node is a node that has the largest number of connections (number of edges) to nodes c to f other than nodes a and b in conflict point 401 or that is equal to or exceeds a threshold value among the group of nodes connected to the node at the conflict point. In FIG. 16, the nodes connected to nodes a and b in conflict point 401 are nodes d, e, and f. Node d has three connections, node e has two, and node f has two. Therefore, node d is the node with the largest number of connections, and node d becomes a hub node. Even if the threshold value is set to 3, node d becomes a hub node.

[0079] The hub node is an influential node because it is connected to nodes a, b and other nodes c to f in the conflict point 401. In other words, if the preference relationship (edge ​​direction or presence or absence) between the hub node d and the connected node changes, the shape of the tree structure 1100 and the reverse preference path change, which ultimately affects the conflict point. Therefore, by presenting the hub node d to the participant groups G1 and G2, it is possible to encourage discussion about the value indexes of the connected nodes a, c, and e and the preference relationships between the connected nodes a, c, and e and the hub node d.

[0080] Here, we show specific examples of the conflict search, tree structure generation, and reverse preference search when the group of value indicators is changed from a to f to the 13 value indicators related to the energy policies mentioned above (resident cost, economic circulation rate, greenhouse gas emissions, forest area, air pollution, water pollution, livability, resident satisfaction, morbidity rate, population growth rate, number of tourists, electricity consumption, and unemployment rate).

[0081] FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific display example of conflict location search, FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific display example of tree structure generation, and FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific display example of reverse preference search.

[0082] In the above example, there is only one conflict between the participant groups G1 and G2, but there may be cases where there are multiple conflicts. An example of a display when there are multiple conflicts is shown in FIG.

[0083] Fig. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 6 of a communication terminal. Fig. 20 shows a display example in which the combined preference data 2000 is generated by combining the preference data 300-1 and 300-2 in Fig. 9. The preference data 300-1 in Fig. 20 is different from the preference data 300-1 in Fig. 9 in that the preference relationship between nodes a and e is a → e. The thickness of the edges of the preference data 300-1 and 300-2 indicates the magnitude of the weight 513 (the thicker the edge, the larger the weight). The search unit 305 may search for the conflicting points 401, 2042, and 2043 by excluding edges whose weight 513 is less than a threshold value.

[0084] The second display area 702 has a small window area 2001. The small window area 2001 displays combined preference data 2002 in which all of the conflicting parts 401, 2042, and 2043 are displayed. The combined preference data 2000 is data in which the conflicting part 401 out of the conflicting parts 401, 2042, and 2043 is highlighted.

[0085] Facilitator 120 can switch the highlighted conflict from conflict location 401 to another conflict by pressing switch button 2003. Specifically, for example, cyclic switching can be performed such as conflict location 401 → conflict location 2042 → conflict location 2043 → conflict locations 401, 2042, 2043 → conflict location 401 → .... Such switching may be performed in order of the magnitude of edge weight 513 of the conflict (the larger weight of preference data 300-1, 300-2, or the sum of the weights of preference data 300-1, 300-2).

[0086] In the above example, there are two participant groups, G1 and G2, but three or more groups may be selected. Fig. 21 shows a display example when the selected participant groups are G1 to G3.

[0087] Fig. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 7 in the communication terminal 102. Fig. 21 shows a display example in which the composite preference data 2101 is generated by combining the preference data 300-1, 300-2, and 300-3 in Fig. 9. The composite preference data 2101 is displayed in the small window area 2001. The composite preference data 2101 includes conflicting parts 401, 2042, 2043, and 2144.

[0088] Facilitator 120 can switch the highlighted conflict from conflict point 401 to another conflict by pressing switch button 2003. Specifically, for example, the conflict can be cyclically switched from conflict point 401 to conflict point 2042 to conflict point 2043 to conflict point 2144 to conflict points 401, 2042, 2043, 2144 to conflict point 401, ...

[0089] 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen example 8 of the communication terminal 102. Fig. 22 shows an example in which composite preference data 2101 is displayed in the second display area 702 by pressing the switching button 2003 in Fig. 21.

[0090] Note that the preference data 300-1 in Fig. 21 and Fig. 22 differs from the preference data 300-1 in Fig. 9 in that the preference relationship between nodes a and e is a → e. That is, it is the same as the preference data 300-1 in Fig. 20. Note that the thickness of the edges of the preference data 300-1, 300-2, and 300-3 indicates the magnitude of the weight 513 (the thicker the edge, the larger the weight). The weight 513 may be displayed near the middle of the edge.

[0091] Even in the case of the combined preference data 2101 of the preference data 300-1, 300-2, and 300-3, if the directions of edges between the same nodes are different among the preference data 300-1, 300-2, and 300-3, a conflict relationship is established. However, the search unit 305 may search for the conflict points 401, 2042, 2043, and 2144 by excluding edges whose weights 513 are less than the threshold value.

[0092] In this way, according to this embodiment, by visualizing the conflicts that arise due to the difference in values ​​between the participant groups in the consensus building forum, it is possible to promote understanding of each other's values. This makes it possible to resolve the conflict between the two parties and encourage them to reach a satisfactory agreement. This embodiment is expected to support consensus building on social policies and business plans in local governments and regional communities, and consensus building on management strategies in companies.

[0093] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such specific configurations, and includes various modifications and equivalent configurations within the spirit of the appended claims.

[0094] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modified examples and equivalent configurations within the spirit of the appended claims. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail to clearly explain the present invention, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to those having all of the configurations described. Also, a part of the configuration of one embodiment may be replaced with a configuration of another embodiment. Also, a configuration of another embodiment may be added to a configuration of one embodiment. Also, a part of the configuration of each embodiment may be added, deleted, or replaced with another configuration.

[0095] In addition, each of the configurations, functions, processing units, processing means, etc. described above may be realized in hardware, for example by designing some or all of them as an integrated circuit, or may be realized in software by processor 201 interpreting and executing a program that realizes each function.

[0096] Information such as programs, tables, files, etc. that realize each function can be stored in a storage device such as a memory, a hard disk, or an SSD (Solid State Drive), or in a recording medium such as an IC (Integrated Circuit) card, an SD card, or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc).

[0097] In addition, the control lines and information lines shown are those considered necessary for the explanation, and do not necessarily show all the control lines and information lines necessary for implementation. In reality, it can be considered that almost all components are connected to each other. [Explanation of symbols]

[0098] 100 Information Presentation System 101 Information presentation device 102 Communication terminal 110 Preference DB 120 Facilitator 140 Participant Groups 300 Preference Data 301 Input section 302 Creation Department 303 Acquisition Department 304 Selection section 305 Search Department 306 Generation part 307 Output section 400 Synthetic Preference Data 401,2042,2043,2144 Conflicts

Claims

1. An information presentation device having a processor that executes a program and a storage device that stores the program, a database is accessible that stores a set of preference data defining a preference relationship for each pair of value indices in the set of value indices, the preference relationship indicating that one value index is preferred over the other value index; The processor, a selection process for selecting at least first preference data and second preference data from the set of preference data; a first search process for searching for a conflicting portion indicating that the first value index is preferred over the second value index among the pair of value indexes of the first preference data selected by the selection process, and that the second value index is preferred over the first value index among the pair of value indexes of the second preference data; an output process for outputting the conflicting portion found by the first search process in a displayable manner; An information presentation device comprising:

2. The information presentation device according to claim 1 , In the first search process, the processor combines the first preference data and the second preference data; In the output process, the processor outputs the conflicting part on the synthesized preference data in a displayable manner. An information presentation device comprising:

3. The information presentation device according to claim 2, The preference data is a directed graph in which each of the value indices is a node, and a preference relationship between the pair of value indices, which indicates that one value index is preferred over the other value index, is expressed as an edge that is a directed line segment from the other value index to the one value index, The combined preference data is a combined directed graph obtained by combining a directed graph of the first preference data and a directed graph of the second preference data, and an edge between the first value index and the second value index is a bidirectional directed line segment; In the first search process, the processor searches for the bidirectional directed line segments; In the output process, the processor outputs edges that are the bidirectional directed segments in the composite directed graph in a displayable manner as the conflict location. An information presentation device comprising:

4. The information presentation device according to claim 3, The processor, A generation process is performed to expand the composite directed graph into a tree structure; In the output process, the processor outputs the tree structure generated by the generation process in a displayable manner. An information presentation device comprising:

5. The information presentation device according to claim 4, The processor, A second search process is executed to search for a first reverse preference path from the second value index to the first value index via a value index other than the first value index and the second value index in the tree structure; In the output process, the processor outputs the first reverse preferred route searched by the second search process in a displayable manner. An information presentation device comprising:

6. The information presentation device according to claim 4, The processor, A second search process is executed to search for a second reverse preference path from the first value index to the second value index via a value index other than the first value index and the second value index in the tree structure; In the output process, the processor outputs the second reverse preferred route searched by the second search process in a displayable manner. An information presentation device comprising:

7. The information presentation device according to claim 5 , In the second search process, the processor searches for a second reverse preference path in the tree structure from the first value index through the other value index to the second value index; In the output process, the processor selectively outputs the first reverse preference path and the second reverse preference path in a displayable manner. An information presentation device comprising:

8. The information presentation device according to claim 4, The processor, A third search process is executed to search for a specific third value index from among third value indexes having a preference relationship with either one of the first value index and the second value index in the tree structure, based on the number of preference relationships with other value indexes other than the first value index and the second value index; In the output process, the processor outputs the specific third value index searched for by the third search process in a displayable manner different from other third value indexes. An information presentation device comprising:

9. An information presentation method executed by an information presentation device having a processor that executes a program and a storage device that stores the program, comprising: a database is accessible that stores a set of preference data defining a preference relationship for each pair of value indices in the set of value indices, the preference relationship indicating that one value index is preferred over the other value index; The processor, a selection process for selecting at least first preference data and second preference data from the set of preference data; a first search process for searching for a conflicting portion indicating that the first value index is preferred over the second value index among the pair of value indexes of the first preference data selected by the selection process, and that the second value index is preferred over the first value index among the pair of value indexes of the second preference data; an output process for outputting the conflicting portion found by the first search process in a displayable manner; An information presentation method comprising:

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