Printing unit with directing device, non-impact printing station and curing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a printing unit (700), comprising a first plate-based printing station (758), the first plate-based printing station (758) being formed by a pair of cooperating rotors (708; 752), the printing unit (700) comprising, downstream of the first plate-based printing station (758) along a transport path, a first directing cylinder (709) and a first non-impact printing station (758), the first non-impact printing station (758) being assigned at least one print head (791), the printing unit (700) comprising, downstream of the first non-impact printing station (758) along the transport path, a first curing device (772), the first curing device (772) being arranged to rotate the first curing device (772) and the first curing device (772). the printing unit (700) comprises at least one second directing cylinder (709) downstream of the at least one first directing cylinder (709), the printing unit (700) comprises a second non-impact printing location (758) downstream of the first directing cylinder (709), the second non-impact printing location (758) having a second print head (791) assigned to it, and the printing unit (700) comprises a second curing device (772) downstream of the second non-impact printing location (758) with a second curing area (788) assigned to the second curing device (772).

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The invention relates to a printing unit comprising a directing device, a non-impact print station and a curing device according to the preamble of claim 1 .

[0002] It is known to apply a coating agent containing magnetic or magnetizable particles onto a substrate and then orient the particles by means of an orientation device working, for example, with a magnetic field, so that optical effects dependent on the viewing angle are produced, which optical effects can be fixed by curing of the coating agent.

[0003] From WO 2021 / 259527 a method is known in which a layer of a crosslinkable coating agent which comprises magnetic or magnetisable particles is applied to a substrate by a screen printing method, the particles are oriented parallel to one another by an orientation device, a further layer is then applied by an inkjet printing device, the parallel orientation of the particles being partially cancelled again, and the layer of coating agent is then crosslinked by radiation.

[0004] From WO 2020 / 148076 it is known to apply a coating agent containing magnetic or magnetizable particles onto a substrate, orient it and target it with a matrix of individually operable UV-LEDs, thereby generating motifs.

[0005] From EP 2007581 a printing press is known which comprises an inkjet printing device upstream of a screen printing device.

[0006] From EP 2 084 005 a method is known in which a crosslinkable material is applied to a substrate by means of an inkjet printing device and then hardened by means of UV radiation.

[0007] From DE 10 2020102 621 A1 a sheet printing machine is known which comprises an offset printing unit and a screen printing unit as well as an orientation device and a curing device.

[0008] From DE 102022109034 A1 and DE 102022109038 A1 respectively a sheet printing machine is known which comprises a screen printing unit, an orientation device and a curing device.

[0009] From WO 2009 / 022317 a sheet printing machine is known which comprises two screen printing stations and an orientation device arranged between the two screen printing stations.

[0010] From WO 2016 / 030819 a sheet printing machine is known which comprises a screen printing unit, an intaglio printing unit, an orientation device and a curing device.

[0011] From DE 10 2017204 598 A1 a sheet printing machine is known which has a magnetic cylinder for holding the tool.

[0012] From DE 10 2020106 154 A1 a sheet printing machine is known which comprises an offset printing unit and a screen printing unit as well as an orientation device and a curing device.

[0013] From JP 2022-002906 A1 a sheet printing machine is known which comprises a screen printing unit as well as two orientation devices and corresponding curing devices. From Swiss Patent No. 706783 a combined printing machine is known which comprises a screen printing unit, an orientation cylinder and a curing device. The paper transport takes place via a transport cylinder.

[0014] The problem underlying the present invention is to provide a printing unit comprising a directing device, a non-impact printing station and a curing device.

[0015] The above problem is solved in the present invention by the features of claim 1.

[0016] The printing unit is , small The printing unit comprises at least one first printing station with plate, the first printing station with plate being formed by a pair of cooperating rotating bodies, the printing unit comprises at least one first directing cylinder downstream of the first printing station with plate along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate, the printing unit comprises at least one first non-impact printing station downstream of the first printing station with plate along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate, the first non-impact printing station being assigned to at least one first print head, and the printing unit comprises at least one first curing device downstream of the first non-impact printing station along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate, with a first curing area assigned to the first curing device. No. In the area of ​​one non-impact printing station, the transport path provided for transporting the substrate is defined by a first orientation cylinder or a rotating carrier directly preceding the first orientation cylinder. This will The coating agent containing the orientable particles is applied to the substrate by a printing station with a plate, and only by at least one printing head can a particularly colorless additive be applied and then selectively cured in a curing device. This allows image information to be written into the coating agent by the at least one printing head and then fixed. This allows such image information to be written into the coating agent with very high resolution and particularly simply.

[0017] oneIn a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that in the first curing area of ​​at least one first curing device, the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate is defined by a first orientation cylinder or a rotating carrier directly downstream of the first orientation cylinder. Since at least one print head defines which areas are to be solidified, the solidification can be carried out still on the orientation cylinder or, in the case of a sufficiently stable orientation, downstream of the orientation cylinder as well. This allows for a space-dependent integration. In addition, a relatively simple curing device can be used.

[0018] one In a further development, the printing unit is characterized in that in a supply reservoir, which is preferably connected to at least one first print head by line technology, a particularly colorless additive is arranged, which is in particular formed as an additive for modifying the curing properties of the material to be applied. This material is in particular a mixture of a coating agent, which is formed, for example, as a printing ink, and this additive. As a result, the image information is preferably generated on the substrate only by the allocation of locations, without affecting the color properties of the coating agent.

[0019] one In a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that the first printing location with the printing plate is configured as a screen printing location, so that a particularly thick layer of the coating agent is produced with a correspondingly good visible effect.

[0020] oneIn a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that the rotating carrier arranged downstream of the impression cylinder of the first printing station with a plate directly along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate is configured as a transfer drum and / or as a blow drum and / or as a suction drum and / or as a rotating carrier working without contact except for gripper contact, so that the substrate can be transported preferably without negatively influencing the coating agent applied by the printing station with a plate.

[0021] one In a developed form, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that at least one first print head is formed as an inkjet print head and / or that each directing cylinder has a plurality of magnetic field-inducing elements in the region of the outer periphery of the directing cylinder and / or that the curing device has at least one radiation source for UV radiation and / or at least one electron beam source.

[0022] one In a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that it is configured as a sheet printing unit, so that it is integrated, for example, in a security printing machine which normally prints on sheets.

[0023] mark The printing unit includes at least one second directing cylinder downstream of the at least one first directing cylinder along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate. Mark The printing unit comprises at least one second non-impact printing station downstream of the first directing cylinder along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate, the second non-impact printing station being assigned at least one second print head. Mark The printing unit includes at least one second curing device downstream of the second non-impact printing station along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate, with a second curing area assigned to the second curing device. do. Advantageously, multiple image areas with multiple differently oriented pigments can thereby be produced by orienting the still unfixed coating agent multiple times, mixing the additives in the partial areas and subsequently solidifying only in these partial areas, so that the still not solidified partial areas can then be treated in the same way.

[0024] one In a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that in the region of the second non-impact printing station, the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate is defined by a second directing cylinder or a rotary carrier arranged directly upstream of the second directing cylinder and / or in the second curing region of the at least one second curing device, the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate is defined by a second directing cylinder or a rotary carrier arranged directly downstream of the second directing cylinder. . one In a developed embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that every printing point with a plate of the printing unit is arranged upstream of the first non-impact printing point and / or downstream of the second non-impact printing point.

[0025] one In a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that in a supply reservoir which is connected by duct technology to the at least one second printing head, particularly colorless additives, in particular additives which change the curing properties of the material to be applied, are arranged.

[0026] The printing unit preferably includes at least one plate cylinder and at least one impression cylinder cooperating with the plate cylinder. . one In a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that the printing unit comprises at least one frame, the frame having at least two frame side walls, the frame side walls being arranged laterally opposite one another. . oneIn a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that the printing unit comprises at least one first base module and at least one second base module, each base module having two respectively integral and stationary base side walls, each of the base side walls being a constituent part of a respective frame side wall, each base module having four respectively mounting areas for a rotating carrier, the relative positions of the four mounting areas of the first base module coinciding with the relative positions of the four mounting areas of the second base module. . one In a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that a first respective installation area along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate and a second respective installation area along this transport path of each base module form a respective selection group of the respective base modules, in exactly one installation area of ​​the installation areas of the selection group of the first base module an impression cylinder is arranged which together with the plate cylinder forms the first plate-bearing printing point, in each of the at least four installation areas of both base modules a respective rotating carrier is arranged, and at least one print head of the non-impact printing point is arranged oriented towards one cylinder arranged in one installation area of ​​the first base module. . one In a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that at least one print head of a further non-impact printing station is arranged oriented towards a cylinder arranged in an installation area of ​​a second base module. The use of the same base module reduces the manufacturing effort, which saves costs and resources.

[0027] oneIn a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that in at least one installation area of ​​the first base module, a rotary carrier is arranged which is functionally different from that in the installation area of ​​the second base module which corresponds to its installation position. This is a particularly advantageous application example of the modular design. . one In a developed form, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that an impression cylinder arranged in one of the mounting areas of the selected group of the first base module is arranged to form a screen printing spot together with the screen printing plate cylinder.

[0028] one In a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that in a first installation area of ​​the first base module along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate an impression cylinder is arranged, in a second installation area of ​​the first base module along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate a rotary carrier formed as a transfer drum and / or as a blow drum and / or as a suction drum and / or which operates without contact except for gripper contact is arranged, in a third installation area of ​​the first base module along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate a rotary carrier formed as a first directing cylinder is arranged, and in a fourth installation area of ​​the first base module along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate a rotary carrier formed as a transfer drum and / or as a blow drum and / or as a suction drum and / or which operates without contact except for gripper contact is arranged. . oneIn a developed form, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that at least one print head of the non-impact printing location is arranged oriented towards its rotating carrier in the second mounting area of ​​the first base module or towards its rotating carrier in the third mounting area of ​​the first base module, and / or the first curing area of ​​the first curing device is arranged oriented towards its rotating carrier in the third mounting area of ​​the first base module or towards its rotating carrier in the fourth mounting area of ​​the first base module.

[0029] one In a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that in a second installation area of ​​the second base module along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate, an impression cylinder is arranged, in a third installation area of ​​the second base module along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate, a rotary carrier formed as a transfer drum and / or as a blow drum and / or as a suction drum and / or which operates without contact except for gripper contact, and in a fourth installation area of ​​the second base module along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate, a rotary carrier formed as a further orientation cylinder is arranged. . one In a developed form, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that at least one print head of another non-impact printing location is arranged oriented towards its rotating carrier in the third mounting area of ​​the second base module or towards its rotating carrier in the fourth mounting area of ​​the second base module, and another curing area of ​​another curing device is arranged oriented towards its rotating carrier in the fourth mounting area of ​​the second base module or towards a rotating carrier subsequent to this rotating carrier outside the second base module.

[0030] oneIn a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that a rotating carrier formed as a further directing cylinder is arranged in the first installation area of ​​the second base module along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate. . one In a developed form, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that at least one print head of another non-impact printing location is arranged oriented towards an orientation cylinder in the first installation area of ​​the second base module or towards a rotating carrier placed upstream of this orientation cylinder, and / or a further curing area of ​​another curing device is arranged oriented towards an orientation cylinder in the first installation area of ​​the second base module or towards its rotating carrier in the second installation area of ​​the second base module.

[0031] The inspection units are preferably formed as independent modules, and at least one inspection unit has at least one rotating carrier for transporting the sheets, and at least one inspection device is arranged in a directional manner towards the rotating carrier. . one In a further development, the inspection unit is preferably characterized in that the inspection unit has a specific frame, which rotatably carries at least one rotating carrier and / or the inspection unit has an inlet interface for receiving the sheets and an outlet interface for discharging the sheets. . one In a further development, the inspection unit is preferably characterized in that the inlet and outlet interfaces are arranged at the same height, such that such an inspection unit can be particularly easily integrated into the printing machine at various locations.

[0032] one In a further development, the inspection unit is preferably characterized in that at least one inspection device is arranged oriented towards the respective rotating carrier from above and / or at least one inspection device is arranged oriented towards the respective rotating carrier from below.

[0033] The exemplary printing press preferably comprises at least one printing unit as described above and preferably further characterized in that the printing press additionally comprises at least one further printing unit, which is formed as a simultan printing unit and / or as a numbering printing unit and / or as a flexographic printing unit.

[0034] one In a further development, the printing machine is preferably characterized in that it comprises at least one sheet feeder, at least one printing unit, at least one sheet delivery and at least one inspection unit as described above. . one In a further development, the printing machine is preferably characterized in that the respective construction of the at least one inspection unit is different from the construction of the sheet feeder and from the construction of the at least one printing unit and from the construction of the at least one sheet delivery.

[0035] An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0036] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a printing unit with one plate-based printing station, one non-impact printing station, one directing device and one curing device. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a printing unit with one plate-based printing station, one non-impact printing station, one directing device and one curing device. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a screen printing unit. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the geometric relationships of the base modules of the printing unit. [Diagram 5]FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary printing press with three plate-based printing stations, four non-impact printing stations, four orientation devices and four curing devices, as well as one sheet feeder, one sheet delivery and two inspection units. [Figure 6] Schematic diagram of a base module carrying one printing location with a plate and one non-impact printing location with a directing device and a curing device, and an additional module carrying one non-impact printing location with a directing device and a curing device. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram based on FIG. 6, but including at least four corresponding additional modules. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of two base modules each carrying one printing station with a plate and one non-impact printing station with an orientation device and a curing device. [Figure 9] Schematic diagram of two base modules, one carrying one printing location with a plate and one non-impact printing location with a directing device and a curing device, and the other carrying two non-impact printing locations with directing devices and a curing device. [Figure 10] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram based on FIG. 6, but in which an additional pre-orientation device and a parallel magnet arrangement are arranged. [Figure 11] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram based on FIG. 7, but in which an additional pre-orientation device and a parallel magnet arrangement are arranged. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of at least three base modules, each carrying one printing location with a plate and one non-impact printing location having an orientation device, a pre-orientation device, a parallel magnet device and a curing device, and at least three additional modules, each carrying one non-impact printing location having an orientation device, a pre-orientation device, a parallel magnet device and a curing device. [Figure 13]Schematic diagram of a base module carrying one printing location with a plate and one non-impact printing location having an orientation device, a pre-orientation device, a parallel magnet device and a curing device, as well as at least two base modules carrying two non-impact printing locations each having an orientation device, a pre-orientation device, a parallel magnet device and a curing device, and at least three additional modules each carrying one non-impact printing location having an orientation device, a pre-orientation device, a parallel magnet device and a curing device. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the Simultan double printing unit. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flexographic printing unit. [Figure 16] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a numbering printing unit.

[0037] The printing machine 01 is preferably configured as a security printing machine 01. The printing machine 01 is preferably configured as a sheet printing machine 01. The sheet printing machine 01 is preferably configured as a security printing machine 01. In the following, the printing machine 01 is described as a sheet printing machine 01. The invention is equally applicable if the printing machine 01 is correspondingly configured as a rotary printing machine. The sheet printing machine 01 is preferably configured as a rotary sheet printing machine 01. The sheet printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one sheet processing unit 200;500;600;700. The at least one sheet processing unit 200;500;600;700 is configured, for example, as a sheet printing unit 200;500;600;700. The sheet printing machine 01 is used for printing a substrate 02, in particular a substrate 02 in the form of a sheet 02. The sheet 02 is formed, for example, from paper based on cellulose fibers or preferably cotton fibers, plastic polymers, or hybrid products thereof. The sheet 02 may be uncoated or already coated before processing by the sheet printing machine 01. The sheet 02 may be unprinted or may already have been printed once or several times or may have been mechanically processed in another way. A number of layout areas, in particular a number of printed images of the banknotes to be produced, are preferably arranged next to each other in a row on the sheet 02, and a number of such rows of layout areas or their printed images are arranged one after the other in the transport direction T or are arranged accordingly during the processing of the respective sheet 02.

[0038] The sheet printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one substrate supply device 100, in particular formed as a sheet feeder 100, in particular upstream of at least one sheet processing unit 200;500;600;700, preferably upstream of each sheet processing unit 200;500;600;700, in addition to at least one sheet processing unit 200;500;600;700 and / or along a transport path provided for transporting the substrates 02 or sheets 02. The at least one substrate supply device 100 preferably comprises a conveying section 101, for example formed as a belt table 101. For example, the substrate supply device 100 comprises at least one non-stop device, which ensures uninterrupted supply of the sheets 02, also when laying down the following stack. The belt table arranged downstream of the sheet stack is formed, for example, as a suction belt table. At least one registration device, for example referred to as a sheet registration unit, is arranged, which preferably has a feed table and at least one movable front stop. The sheet feeder 100 preferably has at least one pivoting gripper or pivoting unit. Along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, downstream of the pivoting gripper, a receiving drum 104 is preferably arranged. The sheet 02 is preferably transferred from the pivoting gripper to the receiving drum 104. The receiving drum 104 is a rotating carrier 104.

[0039] The sheet printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one assembly 900 formed as a delivery device 900, in particular a sheet delivery 900, in particular downstream of at least one sheet feeder 100, more preferably downstream of each sheet processing unit 200;500;600;700, in addition to at least one sheet processing unit 200;500;600;700 and / or along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02. The sheet delivery 900 preferably comprises at least one sheet transport system 904, in particular formed as a chain-type transport system 904 or a chain gripper system 904. The sheet transport system 904 comprises, for example, tensioning means which are actuated via drive means and deflection means, which drive gripping devices for the sheet transport. For example, a sheet guide mechanism and / or a drying device and / or a hardening device 906 are arranged in the sheet delivery 900. For example, the sheet delivery 900 is equipped with a non-stop device that allows the delivery pile to be uninterrupted.

[0040] Alternatively or additionally, the delivery device 900 has at least two, more preferably at least three, discharge stations 901; 902; 903 arranged one after the other along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 and / or the sheet 02. The at least one delivery device 900 is thus preferably configured as a multiple pile delivery 900, in particular as at least a double pile delivery 900 or as at least a triple pile delivery 900 or as at least a quadruple pile delivery 900. The discharge stations 901; 902; 903 are also referred to as pile deliveries 901; 902; 903.

[0041] The transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, in particular the transport of at least partially individualized sheets 02, preferably starts at the substrate supply device 100 and / or preferably ends at the sheet delivery 900. Piles with a plurality of sheets 02 are preferably fed to the substrate supply device 100 and / or removed from the sheet delivery 900. The transport paths of these piles are not to be counted in the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02. For example, along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, at least one full sheet monitoring device is arranged. The full sheet monitoring device is used in particular to detect the expected arrival and / or expected shape of the side edges of the sheets 02. The full sheet monitoring device has, for example, at least one source of electromagnetic radiation, in particular visible light, and a sensor for electromagnetic radiation, in particular visible light.

[0042] The conveying direction T, in the case of a conveying path having a curve, is preferably a direction T that extends tangentially to a portion and / or point, respectively, of the provided conveying path that is adjacent to a respective reference point and that is predetermined at this portion and / or point for the conveying of the substrate 02 and / or sheet 02. The respective reference point is preferably located at a point and / or member that is associated with the conveying direction T. The conveying direction T therefore preferably extends along the provided conveying path for the substrate 02 and / or sheet 02, respectively. The transverse direction A is preferably a direction A that extends horizontally, perpendicular to the conveying direction T.

[0043] The printing press 02, in particular the sheet printing press 01, comprises at least one processing unit 200;500;600;700, in particular the sheet processing unit 200;500;600;700. For example, the sheet printing press 01 comprises at least two or even more sheet processing units 200;500;600;700. The at least one processing unit 200;500;600;700, in particular the sheet processing unit 200;500;600;700, is preferably also formed as at least a printing unit 200;500;600;700, in particular a sheet printing unit 200;500;600;700. A sheet printing unit 200;500;600;700 should in this case also be understood, possibly generally, as a sheet coating unit 200;500;600;700, i.e. in particular a sheet varnishing unit 200;500;600;700. The sheet printing press 01 comprises, for example, several printing units 200;500;600;700, which are assigned to different printing methods.

[0044] The printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one printing unit 700, which is used to generate an optically variable image element 700, which is in particular formed as an anti-counterfeiting measure. This is explained above and below with the aid of the example of a printing unit 700, which is in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700. This printing unit 700 can, however, also work with other, in particular plate-based, printing methods, for example being formed as an intaglio printing unit or as a flexographic printing unit. The sheet printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one printing unit 700, which is in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700 and / or as a sheet printing unit 700. By means of the screen printing method, layers of particularly large thicknesses can be applied. The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, is in particular used to generate an optically variable image element, in particular an anti-counterfeiting measure, on the sheet 02. The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one impression cylinder 708 and a printing plate cylinder 752 cooperating with the impression cylinder 708, which is preferably formed as a screen printing printing plate cylinder 752. The impression cylinder 708 and the printing plate cylinder 752 together form a respective printing station 758, in particular a screen printing station 758, by which a coating agent, in particular a printing ink, can be applied onto the sheet 02 in the usual way.

[0045] Preferably, at least one optically variable coating agent is used, in particular at least one optically variable printing ink and / or at least one optically variable varnish. This optically variable coating agent is applied, for example over the entire surface or preferably in partial areas, in the form of a first printed image element. The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one directing device 771, which directs the particles responsible for the optical variable properties contained in the optically variable coating agent applied on the respective sheet 02. As particles responsible for the optical variable properties, preferably magnetic or magnetizable non-spherical particles, for example pigment particles (also referred to here as magnetic particles or flakes for short), are contained in the respective coating agent, in particular in the printing ink or varnish. The at least one directing device 771, for example, has several components. The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one directing cylinder 709. The at least one orientation cylinder 709 is preferably a component part of the respective orientation device 771. The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one pre-orienting device 767. The at least one pre-orienting device 767 is preferably a component part of the respective orientation device 771. The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one parallel orientation device 774. The at least one parallel orientation device 774 is preferably a component part of the respective orientation device 771.

[0046] The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one drying or curing device 772. The at least one respective curing device 772 is preferably used for fixing the orientation of the magnetic or magnetizable particles. The at least one curing device 772 is preferably arranged downstream of the respective directing cylinder 709 or in the region of the respective directing cylinder 709 on a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02. The at least one curing device 772 is preferably formed as a particularly narrow-band radiant dryer 772, for example as a UV dryer 772, in particular as a LED dryer 772, more preferably as a UV-LED dryer 772. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one curing device 772 is formed as an electron beam dryer 772. Each hardening device 772 is arranged along a conveying path provided for conveying the substrate 02, for example, such that the hardening device 772 is directed towards the outer surface of the respective orientation cylinder 709 or another rotating carrier 711;712;713, at a conveying angle W726;W728;W729 of the orientation cylinder 709 or another rotating carrier 711;712;713, over which the sheet 02 is conveyed by the respective orientation cylinder 709 or another rotating carrier 711;712;713. In one embodiment, at least one hardening device 772 is arranged such that a hardening area 788 of the hardening device 772 is located radially further outwards than the hardening device 772 itself, relative to the rotating carrier 711;712;713 with which it cooperates. Thus, for example, the inner side of the sheet 02 can be dried when the curing device 772 is assigned to the rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 directly following the directing cylinder 709. To avoid unnecessary heating, the curing device 772 preferably operates in a narrow-band, curing-promoting wavelength range, for example a wavelength band having a spectral half-width associated with the radiation flux of up to 50 nm, preferably up to 30 nm. Preferably, the radiation maximum is around a wavelength of 385±25 nm, in particular 385±15 nm.

[0047] In an equally advantageous development of the printing machine 01, downstream of the final orientation device 771 there is provided a drying and / or curing device 906 which operates continuously over the entire width of the substrate and thoroughly dries the coating agent applied to the sheet 02, for example a radiant dryer 906, in particular a UV dryer 906 or an electron beam dryer 906.

[0048] The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises a particularly stationary frame 701, which frame 701 has at least two, in particular stationary frame side walls 702; 703. The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, can be constructed in various embodiments. These embodiments preferably have in common that each printing unit 700 comprises at least one, in particular stationarily arranged base module 704. Each base module 704 has two, in particular stationarily arranged base side walls 706; 707, which are arranged opposite one another, in particular in the lateral direction A. Preferably, each base side wall 706; 707 is formed in one piece, for example cast. These base side walls 706; 707 are at the same time part of the in particular stationary frame 701 of the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700. These base side walls 706; 707 are preferably each a component part of the respective frame side wall 702; 703. The frame side walls 702; 703 of the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, are arranged opposite one another, in particular opposite one another in the lateral direction A. The frame side walls 702; 703 are preferably in particular rigidly connected to one another via at least one, in particular stationary, crossbar 723. The base side walls 706; 707 are in particular rigidly connected to one another via at least one, in particular stationary, crossbar 723.

[0049] Each base module 704 defines mounting areas 726;727;728;729 for four respective rotary carriers 708;709;711;712;713. By rotary carriers 708;709;711;712;713 is to be understood in this case the components 708;709;711;712;713 which are arranged rotatably about the respective rotation axes 716;717;718;719 and which are used to transport the sheets 02. Examples of rotary carriers 708;709;711;712;713 are the impression cylinder 708, the orientation cylinder 709, the transfer drum 711, the blow drum 712 and the suction drum 713. Another example of a rotary carrier 104 is the receiving drum 104. The receiving drum 104 is, however, preferably a component part of the sheet feeder 100.

[0050] Preferably, all rotating carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of each base module 704, and more preferably all rotating carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of a printing unit 700 formed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, have a single circumference, i.e. are formed to receive the sheet 02 around their circumference.

[0051] The four installation areas 726;727;728;729 are preferably arranged such that the installation areas 726;727;728;729 together with the rotating carriers 708;709;711;712;713 arranged in the installation areas 726;727;728;729 respectively define a section of the transport path provided for the transport of the substrates 02, which is assigned to the respective base module 704. The first installation area 726 of the respective base module 704 is designated as the first installation area 726 along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrates 02. The first rotating carriers 708;709;711;712;713 of the respective base module 704 are designated as the rotating carriers 708;709;711;712;713 arranged in the first installation area 726. The second assembly area 727 of the respective base module 704 is the second assembly area 727 as viewed along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02. The second rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 of the respective base module 704 is the rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 arranged in the second assembly area 727. The third assembly area 728 of the respective base module 704 is the third assembly area 728 as viewed along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02. The third rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 of the respective base module 704 is the rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 arranged in the third assembly area 728. The so-called fourth installation area 729 of each base module 704 is the fourth installation area 729 along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02. The so-called fourth rotating carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of each base module 704 are the rotating carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 arranged in the fourth installation area 727.

[0052] The passing plane E of each base module 704 is defined as the plane E which completely contains the rotation axis 716; 717; 718; 719 of the first rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of this respective base module 704 and the rotation axis 716; 717; 718; 719 of the fourth rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of this respective base module 704. This passing plane E divides the space into two half spaces. Preferably, the rotation axis 716;717;718;719 of the second rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 of the respective base module 704 is completely arranged in one of these half-spaces, and the rotation axis 716;717;718;719 of the third rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 of the respective base module 704 is completely arranged in the other of these half-spaces. Preferably, the passing plane E has a normal vector N that is offset from the vertical direction V by at most 45°, more preferably by at most 20°, even more preferably by at most 10°. Even more preferably, the normal vector N extends in the vertical direction V. Preferably, the rotation axis 716;717;718;719 of the second rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 is arranged further below the rotation axis 716;717;718;719 of the third rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713, and even more preferably, the rotation axis 716;717;718;719 of the first rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 and the rotation axis 716;717;718;719 of the fourth rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713. Preferably, the rotational axis 716;717;718;719 of the third rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 is arranged further above the rotational axis 716;717;718;719 of the second rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713, and even more preferably, the rotational axis 716;717;718;719 of the first rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 and the rotational axis 716;717;718;719 of the fourth rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713.

[0053] The conveying angles W726; W727; W728; W729 of the rotary carrier are preferably the angular range around the rotation axis of the rotary carrier over which the sheet 02 is conveyed by the rotary carrier.

[0054] Preferably, the conveying angle W726 of the first rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 or the first installation area 726 of the respective base module 704 is greater than 180°. For example, the conveying angle 726 of this first rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 or this first installation area 726 is at least 190°, even more preferably at least 195°. Preferably, the conveying angle W726 of this first rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 is at most 240°, even more preferably at most 220°, even more preferably at most 205°, even more preferably at most 201°.

[0055] Preferably, the conveying angle W727 of the second rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 or this second installation area 727 of the respective base module 704 is greater than 180 °. For example, the conveying angle W727 of this second rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 or this second installation area 727 is at least 200 °, even more preferably at least 220 °, even more preferably at least 240 °. Preferably, the conveying angle W727 of this second rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 or this second installation area 727 is at most 300 °, even more preferably at most 270 °, even more preferably at most 250 °, even more preferably at most 245 °.

[0056] Preferably, the conveying angle W728 of the third rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 or the third installation area 728 of the respective base module 704 is greater than 180°. For example, the conveying angle W728 of this third rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 or this third installation area 728 is at least 200°, even more preferably at least 220°, even more preferably at least 240°. Preferably, the conveying angle W728 of this third rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 or this third installation area 728 is at most 300°, even more preferably at most 270°, even more preferably at most 250°, even more preferably at most 245°. Preferably, the conveying angle W728 of this third rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this third installation area 728 is as large as the conveying angle W727 of the second rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of the third installation area 727.

[0057] Preferably, the conveying angle W729 of the fourth rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 or the fourth installation area 729 of the respective base module 704 is greater than 180°. For example, the conveying angle W729 of this fourth rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 or this fourth installation area 729 is at least 190°, even more preferably at least 195°. Preferably, the conveying angle W729 of this fourth rotating carrier 708;709;711;712;713 or this fourth installation area 729 is at most 240°, even more preferably at most 220°, even more preferably at most 205°, even more preferably at most 201°. Preferably, the conveying angle W729 of this fourth rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this fourth installation area 729 is as large as the conveying angle W726 of the first rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of the first installation area 726.

[0058] The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably formed for printing a substrate 02, in particular a sheet 02, with at least one printing plate 751, preferably formed as a cylindrical screen 751, in particular a screen printing plate 751. Preferably, this printing plate 751 has a periphery with a large number of, in particular homogeneous and / or identical, image-producing elements, for example print image subjects, or in particular homogeneous and / or identical, groups of image-producing printing subjects, which are arranged, for example in a matrix-like manner, in a number of columns equidistantly spaced apart transversely to the transport direction T on a periphery length corresponding to the print image length, and in a number of rows equidistantly spaced apart in the transport direction T on a cylinder width corresponding to the print image width. These elements or printing subjects are preferably formed in the form of stencil printing plates. The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one printing plate cylinder 752, in particular formed as a screen printing plate cylinder 752. Preferably, each such printing cylinder 752, in particular a screen printing plate cylinder 752, is assigned a unique impression cylinder 708. Each screen printing plate cylinder 752 carries and / or has such a cylindrical screen 751.

[0059] The screen printing plate cylinders 752 are arranged rotatably about a rotation axis 753. Each screen printing plate cylinder 752 is simultaneously a rotating body 752. The screen printing device 754 preferably additionally has at least one doctor device 757 which cooperates in a known manner with the cylindrical screen 751 in order to apply printing ink through openings in the cylindrical screen 751 onto each sheet 02 while the respective sheet 02 is held and transported by the impression cylinder 708. The impression cylinder 708 and the printing cylinder 752, which is in particular formed as a screen printing plate cylinder 752, together form a printing point 758, which is in particular formed as a screen printing point 758.

[0060] The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, comprises, for example, at least one transfer drum 711. Each transfer drum 711 typically has at least one gripping device for sheet transport. Each transfer drum 711 preferably has at least one base body. The at least one gripping device has a fastening mechanism for receiving and fastening the sheet 02. The fastening mechanism is preferably arranged movably on and / or together with the base body. As fastening mechanism, preferably a gripper is arranged for gripping the sheet edge, in particular a clamping gripper and / or a suction gripper. Each transfer drum 711, and in particular the base body of the transfer drum 711 and / or the at least one gripping device of the transfer drum 711, is arranged rotatably about a rotation axis 718.

[0061] The transfer drum 711 for example, but not necessarily, has a rest surface for the sheet 02. The at least one gripper preferably has at least one movable gripping finger, which is arranged to be movable relative to a base body of the transfer drum 711.

[0062] The printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, comprises, for example, at least one blow drum 712. Each blow drum 712 typically has at least one gripping device for sheet transport. Each blow drum 712 preferably has at least one base body. The at least one gripping device has a fastening mechanism for receiving and fastening the sheet 02. The fastening mechanism is preferably arranged movably on the base body and / or together with the base body. As fastening mechanism, preferably a gripper is arranged for gripping the sheet edge, in particular a clamping gripper and / or a suction gripper. Each blow drum 712, and in particular the at least one gripping device of the blow drum 712 and / or the base body of the blow drum 712, is arranged rotatably about a rotation axis 719. The at least one gripper preferably has at least one movable gripping finger, which is arranged movably relative to the base body of the blow drum 712.

[0063] Each blow drum 712 preferably does not have a rotatable resting surface for the sheet 02. At least one sheet guide device and at least one sheet blowing device are preferably arranged. The at least one sheet guide device preferably has at least one inner surface, the shape of which corresponds to a section of a cylinder jacket, the axis of which is the same as the rotation axis 719 of the blow drum 712. The at least one sheet blowing device is used to generate a gas flow directed from the inside towards the inner surface of the sheet guide device. The corresponding sheet 02 can thus be held by the gripping device and transported further about the rotation axis 719, while the inwardly directed surface of the sheet 02 is not touched by the components of the printing unit 700, which is formed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, except for the contact surfaces of the fastening mechanism.

[0064] Each blow drum 712 is preferably located directly downstream of a respective impression cylinder 708 and / or directly upstream of a respective directing cylinder 709 along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02. In this way, the sheet 02 can be transported from the impression cylinder 708 to a directing cylinder 709, or from one directing cylinder 709 to another, without the freshly printed sheet surface coming into contact with anything and thus damaging the applied printed image.

[0065] At least one pre-orienting device 767 is preferably arranged, for example, in the region of the blow drum 712 and / or the suction drum 713 and / or the transfer drum 711. This at least one pre-orienting device 767 is preferably a component part of the respective orientation device 771. This at least one pre-orienting device 767 is preferably arranged stationary during the printing run. This at least one pre-orienting device 767 is preferably assigned to the respective blow drum 712 and / or the suction drum 713 and / or the transfer drum 711, more preferably to the blow drum 712 and / or the suction drum 713 and / or the transfer drum 711 which is assigned to the respective subsequent orientation cylinder 709. The pre-orienting device 767 is preferably formed such that it extends over an action angle about the rotation axis 719 of the blow drum 712 and / or the suction drum 713 and / or the transfer drum 711. The pre-orienting device 767 preferably includes at least one, and more preferably a plurality of electromagnets and / or permanent magnets.

[0066] The printing unit 700, in particular configured as a screen printing unit 700, comprises, for example, at least one suction drum 713. Each suction drum 713 typically comprises at least one gripping device for sheet transport. Each suction drum 713 preferably comprises at least one base body. The at least one gripping device comprises a fastening mechanism for receiving and fastening the sheet 02. The fastening mechanism is preferably arranged movably on and / or together with the base body. As fastening mechanism, preferably a gripper is arranged for gripping the sheet edge, in particular a clamping gripper and / or a suction gripper. Each suction drum 713, and in particular the base body of the suction drum 713 and / or the at least one gripping device of the suction drum 713, is arranged rotatably about a rotation axis. The suction drum 713 preferably comprises a rest surface for the sheet 02. The at least one gripper preferably has at least one movable gripping finger, which is arranged to be movable relative to the base body of the suction drum 713 and / or the rest surface of the suction drum 713 .

[0067] The rest surface of the suction drum 713 preferably has suction openings, in particular for sucking in ambient air and / or the sheet 02. When the sheet 02 is placed on the rest surface of the suction drum 713, the leading edge of the sheet 02 is preferably held by a gripper. Alternatively or additionally, the sheet 02 is held on the rest surface only by the suction openings. At least one inspection device 402; 403 is preferably arranged, further preferably directed towards the rest surface of the rotating carrier 407 formed as the suction drum 713. By sucking the respective sheet 02, the position of the sheet 02 on the suction drum 713 is particularly stable. This allows, for example, a particularly precise inspection. In particular in connection with a delivery device 900 with a plurality of pile spaces, in an advantageous development at least one inspection unit 402; 403 is arranged downstream of the last orientation device 771 along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02. This at least one inspection device 402;403 works, for example, in the reflection method and preferably has a light source directed towards a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 as well as a camera directed towards the point of incidence of the light source on the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02. Sheets 02 which are determined to have a defective or defective printed image are then collected into one of the piles, whereas so-called good sheets can be put down into another pile.

[0068] As explained, the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one orientation cylinder 709, in particular formed as a rotary carrier 709. Each orientation cylinder 709 is preferably formed as a magnetically active orientation cylinder 709. Preferably, the sheet 02 is transported by the respective orientation cylinder 709, in which case the magnetic particles of the previously applied, not yet dried coating agent are oriented according to the pattern of magnetic field lines emanating from the respective orientation cylinder 709. Preferably, each orientation cylinder 709 has a plurality of magnetic field generating elements, magnet elements for short, in the region of the outer periphery of the orientation cylinder 709, the magnetic field generating elements or magnet elements being used in particular for the orientation of at least a part of the magnetic or magnetizable particles of the coating agent deposited on each passing sheet 02. The magnet elements may be formed by permanent magnets, with or without engraving, by electromagnets, or by a combination of one or more permanent magnets and / or one or more electromagnets. The magnet elements may be arranged on the cylinder base removably and / or rotatably about a radially extending axis and / or adjustable individually or in groups with respect to the axial and / or circumferential position of the magnet elements, and together with the cylinder base form a respective orientation cylinder 709. In the case of several allocation surfaces per sheet 02 as described above, a plurality of, for example at least four rows of, respectively several, for example 3 to 8, in particular 4 to 7, magnet elements spaced apart transversely to the conveying direction T are or can be provided, for example in a matrix, on the circumference. By conveying the sheets 02 through the respective orientation cylinders 709, orientation or alignment of the particles is performed by the magnetic field lines generated by the magnet elements, possibly also through the respective sheets 02.

[0069] The magnet elements can be or can be arranged in or on a plurality of, for example 3 to 8, in particular 4 to 7, axially spaced apart from one another and preferably positionable in the axial direction A, ring elements in which or on which, on the other hand, at least one, preferably a plurality of, for example 2 to 12, advantageously 5 to 10, magnet elements are respectively arranged or can be arranged one behind the other in the circumferential direction and preferably positionable in the circumferential direction. For example, at least one orientation cylinder 709 has at least one suction device, by means of which the respective sheet 02 can be held on the orientation cylinder 709.

[0070] Preferably, each directing cylinder 709 is journalled between the structural side walls 702; 703 of the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, in such a way that the directing cylinder 709 can be removed for replacement or for carrying out setting operations, in particular without removing one of the structural side walls 702; 703. This however means a "planned" or "operational" removal or reloading apart from the dismantling or dismantling of the corresponding module. For this purpose, for example at least on the drive side, a torsionally rigid, releasable connection is provided between the directing cylinder 709 or the cylinder journal and the associated drive shaft, the disconnection point of which is located within the clearance width between the structural side walls 702; 703.

[0071] At least one outer magnet arrangement 774 is preferably arranged, which is in particular formed as a parallel magnet arrangement 774. This at least one outer magnet arrangement 774 is preferably arranged stationary, at least during the printing run. This at least one outer magnet arrangement 774 is preferably assigned to the respective orientation cylinder 709. This at least one outer magnet arrangement 774 is preferably a component of the orientation device 771, in particular of the orientation device 771 to which the assigned orientation cylinder 709 also belongs. The outer magnet arrangement 774 is preferably formed such that it extends around the assigned orientation cylinder 709 over an operating angle. The outer magnet arrangement 774 preferably has at least one, and preferably more than one, electromagnet and / or permanent magnet, which preferably cooperates with the magnetic arrangement of the respective orientation cylinder 709.

[0072] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably characterized in that the printing unit 700 comprises at least one screen printing plate cylinder 752, which together with an impression cylinder 708 forms a screen printing point 758, and at least one orientation cylinder 709 is arranged downstream of the impression cylinder 708 along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, the orientation cylinder 709 having a plurality of magnetic field-inducing elements in the area of ​​the outer periphery of the orientation cylinder 709.

[0073] The printing unit 700 is formed, for example, as a sheet printing unit 700. The printing unit 700 preferably comprises at least one first printing station 758 with a plate, which is formed by a pair of cooperating rotors 708; 752. The term "first printing station" should then preferably only be understood as a distinction and not as relating to the order in which the sheets run through the printing unit 700. Preferably, the printing unit 700 comprises at least one first directing cylinder 709 downstream of the first printing station 758 with a plate along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, for example directly, preferably indirectly downstream of this first printing station 758 with a plate. Preferably, the printing unit 700 comprises, along a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, at least one first non-impact printing station 787 downstream of the first plate-present printing station 758, to which at least one first print head 791 is assigned. Preferably, the printing unit 700 comprises, along a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, at least one first curing device 772 downstream of the first non-impact printing station 787, with a first curing area 788 assigned to the first curing device 772.

[0074] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that in the area of ​​the first non-impact printing location 787, a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 is defined by a first orientation cylinder 709 or by rotating transport bodies 711; 712; 713 directly preceding the first orientation cylinder 709, such as a transfer drum 711 and / or a blow drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or rotating transport bodies 711; 712; 713 operating without contact except for gripper contact.

[0075] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that, within the first curing area 788 of at least one first curing device 772, a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 is defined by a first orientation cylinder 709 or by rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 directly downstream of the first orientation cylinder 709, such as a transfer drum 711 and / or a blow drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 operating without contact except for gripper contact.

[0076] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is characterized in that, preferably in a supply reservoir 789, which is connected by duct technology to the at least one first print head 791, an additive, in particular colorless, is arranged. The additive is, for example, configured as an additive for modifying the hardening properties of the applied material, which preferably constitutes a mixture of a coating agent, in particular a printing ink, and the additive. For example, such a modification of the hardening properties is, in particular, an increase in the occurrence and / or speed of a radiation-inducible reactive or hardening reaction. Suitable radiation is, for example, configured as UV radiation and / or electron radiation. Preferably, the additive is a crosslinking agent. Preferably, the coating agent which can be applied and / or is applied by the first plate-present printing station 758 does not exhibit a radiation-inducible reactive or hardening reaction by itself. Thereby, the part of the coating agent to be solidified is defined by application in the non-impact printing station 787. This allows for multiple successive orientations, selection of regions, solidification of the selected regions, and then new orientations of previously unsolidified regions, new selections of previously unsolidified regions, and new corresponding solidifications.

[0077] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the first printing location 758 with a plate is formed as a screen printing location 758. The first printing location 758 with a plate is in this case formed in particular by a cylinder 708; 752, one of which is a plate cylinder 752 and the other is an impression cylinder 708 which cooperates with the plate cylinder 752. Preferably, the plate cylinder 752 is formed as a screen printing plate cylinder 752. Instead of being formed as a screen printing location 758, the first printing location 758 with a plate can also be formed as a flexographic printing location, or as a letterpress printing location, or as an intaglio printing location, or as a lithographic printing location. Screen printing offers the advantage that the layer thicknesses which can be applied are relatively high. In the region of the printing location 758 with a plate, the transport path is preferably defined by the impression cylinder 708.

[0078] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is characterized in that the rotating carriers 711; 712; 713, which are preferably arranged downstream of the impression cylinder 708 of the first plate-present printing point 758 directly along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, are formed as transfer drums 711 and / or as blow drums 712 and / or as suction drums 713 or generally as low-smear or smear-free rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 and / or as rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 working without contact except for gripper contact.

[0079] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the at least one first print head 791 is formed as an inkjet print head 791. The at least one inkjet print head 791 preferably comprises at least one piezoelectric element or at least one thermocouple, in particular for ejecting droplets of additive. The at least one print head 791 preferably has a printing resolution of at least 100 dpi, more preferably at least 200 dpi, even more preferably at least 300 dpi, even more preferably at least 600 dpi, even more preferably at least 1200 dpi, even more preferably at least 2400 dpi, where "dpi" stands as usual for "dots per inch". In an alternative or additional development, the at least one print head 791 of the at least one non-impact printing station 787 is, for example, arranged such that the non-impact printing station 787 is located further outward in the radial direction than the at least one print head 791 itself with respect to the rotating carrier 711; 712; 713 cooperating with the non-impact printing station 787. Thus, for example, when the non-impact printing station 787 is assigned to a rotating carrier 711; 712; 713 that is arranged directly in front of the orientation cylinder 709, the inner side of the sheet 02 can be printed.

[0080] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that each directing cylinder 709 has a plurality of, in particular respective magnetic field inducing elements in the region of the circumference of the directing cylinder 709. These elements, also referred to as magnet elements for example, are used in particular to orient at least a portion of the magnetic or magnetizable particles of the coating agent deposited on each passing substrate 02.

[0081] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the curing device 771 has at least one radiation source 792 for UV radiation and / or at least one electron beam source 792. Preferably, the wavelength or wavelength range or energy range of the energy delivered by the radiation source 792 for UV radiation and / or the electron beam source 792 is adapted to the additive arranged in the supply reservoir 789.

[0082] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the printing unit 700 comprises at least one second directing cylinder 709 downstream of the at least one first directing cylinder 709 along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, and preferably downstream of the first non-impact printing location 787 and / or the curing area 788 of the first curing device 772.

[0083] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the printing unit 700 comprises, downstream of the first directing cylinder 709 along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, at least one second non-impact printing station 787, to which at least one second print head 791 is assigned. In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the printing unit 700 comprises, downstream of the second non-impact printing station 787 along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, at least one second curing device 772 with a second curing area 788 assigned to the second curing device 772.

[0084] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that in the area of ​​the second non-impact printing position 787, a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 is defined by a second orientation cylinder 709 or by rotating transport bodies 711; 712; 713 directly preceding the second orientation cylinder 709, such as a transfer drum 711 and / or a blow drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or rotating transport bodies 711; 712; 713 operating without contact except for gripper contact.

[0085] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that, in the second curing area 788 of at least one second curing device 772, a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 is defined by a second orientation cylinder 709 or by rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 directly downstream of the second orientation cylinder 709, such as a transfer drum 711 and / or a blow drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 operating without contact except for gripper contact.

[0086] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that any printing location 752 with a plate of the printing unit 700 is arranged upstream of a first non-impact printing location 787 and / or downstream of a second non-impact printing location 787. In other words, this means that preferably no printing location 752 with a plate is arranged between the first non-impact printing location 787 and the second non-impact printing location 787.

[0087] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is characterized in that an additive, preferably colorless, is arranged in a supply reservoir 789, which is preferably connected by duct technology to at least one second print head 791. The at least one second print head 791 is preferably formed as an inkjet print head 791. The additive is formed, for example, as an additive for modifying the curing properties of the applied material, which preferably constitutes a mixture of a coating agent, in particular a printing ink, and the additive. Such a modification of the curing properties, for example, is in particular an increase in the occurrence and / or speed of a radiation-inducible reactive or curing reaction. Suitable radiation is formed, for example, as UV radiation and / or electron radiation. Preferably, the additive is a crosslinking agent.

[0088] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably characterized in that in the mounting area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704, an orientation cylinder 709 is arranged, the orientation cylinder 709 having a plurality of elements for inducing a magnetic field in the region of the periphery of the orientation cylinder 709, and / or in that in the mounting area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the second base module 704, the orientation cylinder 709 having a plurality of elements for inducing a magnetic field in the region of the periphery of the orientation cylinder 709. In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably characterized in that a blow drum 712 is arranged in the mounting area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704 and / or a blow drum 712 is arranged in the mounting area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the second base module 704.

[0089] As explained, the printing unit 700 preferably comprises at least one plate cylinder 752 and at least one impression cylinder 708 cooperating with the plate cylinder 752. The printing unit 700 preferably comprises at least one frame 701 having at least two frame side walls 702; 703 arranged opposite each other in the lateral direction A. The printing unit 700 preferably comprises at least one first base module 704 and at least one second base module 704, each base module 704 having two respectively integral and stationary base side walls 706; 707, each of which is a constituent part of a respective frame side wall 702; 703. Each base module 704 preferably has four mounting areas 726;727;728;729 for the rotating carriers 708;709;711;712;713, which are further preferably assigned respective cavities 781;782;783;784 in the supporting walls W1;W2 of the base side walls 706;707. The relative positions of the four mounting areas 726;727;728;729 of the first base module 704 preferably correspond to the relative positions of the four mounting areas 726;727;728;729 of the second base module 704. Preferably, a first respective installation area 726 along a transport path provided for the transport of a substrate 02, in particular a sheet 02, of each base module 704 and a second respective installation area 727 along this transport path form a respective selection group of a respective base module 704. Preferably, in exactly one installation area 726;727 of the installation areas 726;727 of the selection group of a first base module 704, an impression cylinder 708 is arranged which cooperates with a plate cylinder 752, preferably formed as a screen printing plate cylinder 752 and / or forms a first plate-present printing location 758.Preferably, a respective rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 is disposed in each of the at least four mounting areas 726; 727; 728; 729 of both base modules 704.

[0090] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably characterized in that at least one print head 791, in particular of the first non-impact printing location 787, is arranged in a directional manner towards the rotating carrier 709;711;712;713, which is arranged in the installation area 726;727;728;729 of the first base module 704. In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably characterized in that at least one print head 791, in particular of the second non-impact printing location 787, is arranged in a directional manner towards the rotating carrier 709;711;712;713, which is arranged in the installation area 726;727;728;729 of the second base module 704.

[0091] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that in at least one installation area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704, a rotating carrier 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 is arranged which is functionally different from that in the corresponding installation area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the second base module 704 for its installation position.

[0092] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that an impression cylinder 708 arranged in one of the mounting areas 726;727 of the selected group of mounting areas 726;727 of the first base module 704 is arranged to form a screen printing spot 758 together with the screen printing plate cylinder 752, and / or an impression cylinder 708 arranged in one of the mounting areas 726;727 of the selected group of mounting areas 726;727 of the second base module 704 is arranged to form a screen printing spot 758 together with the screen printing plate cylinder 752.

[0093] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 preferably has an impression cylinder 708 arranged in a first installation area 726 along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 of the first base module 704, and a rotating carrier 711; 712; 713 formed as a transfer drum 711 and / or as a blow drum 712 and / or as a suction drum 713 and / or working contact-free except for gripper contact arranged in a second installation area 727 along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 of the first base module 704. The first base module 704 is characterized in that in a third installation area 728 along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, a rotating carrier 709 formed as a first orientation cylinder 709 is arranged, and in a fourth installation area 729 along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 formed as a transfer drum 711 and / or as a blow drum 712 and / or as a suction drum 713 and / or which work without contact except for gripper contact are arranged.

[0094] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that at least one print head 791, in particular of the first non-impact printing station 787, is arranged oriented towards its rotating carrier 709;711;712;713 in the second installation area 727 of the first base module 704 or towards its rotating carrier 709;711;712;713 in the third installation area 728 of the first base module 704. In other words, this means that in the area of ​​the first non-impact printing station 787, a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 is defined by the first directing cylinder 709 or by the rotating carrier 711;712;713 which is directly preceding the first directing cylinder 709.

[0095] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the first curing area 788 of the first curing device 772 is arranged oriented towards its rotating carrier 709;711;712;713 in the third mounting area 728 of the first base module 704 or towards its rotating carrier 709;711;712;713 in the fourth mounting area 729 of the first base module 704. In other words, this means that in the first curing area 788 of the at least one first curing device 772, a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 is defined by the first directing cylinder 709 or by the rotating carrier 711;712;713 which is directly downstream of the first directing cylinder 709.

[0096] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 preferably has in the first base module 704, in a first installation area 726 along a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 formed as transfer drums 711 and / or blow drums 712 and / or suction drums 713 and / or operating without contact except for gripper contact, arranged, and in the second base module 704, in a second installation area 727 along a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02, an impression cylinder 708 is arranged. The second base module 704 is characterized in that in a third installation area 728 along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, a rotating carrier 711; 712; 713 formed as a transfer drum 711 and / or as a blow drum 712 and / or as a suction drum 713 and / or which operates without contact except for gripper contact is arranged, and in a fourth installation area 729 along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02, a rotating carrier 709 formed as another orientation cylinder 709 is arranged.

[0097] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that at least one print head 791 of the further non-impact printing station 787 is arranged oriented towards its rotating carrier 709;711;712;713 in the third installation area 728 of the second base module 704 or towards its rotating carrier 709;711;712;713 in the fourth installation area 729 of the second base module 704. In other words, this means that in the area of ​​the further non-impact printing station 787, a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 is defined by the further directing cylinder 709 or by the rotating carrier 711;712;713 which is directly preceding this further directing cylinder 709.

[0098] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the further curing area 788 of the further curing device 772 is arranged oriented towards its rotating carrier 709;711;712;713 in the fourth installation area 729 of the second base module 704 or towards a rotating carrier 709;711;712;713 subsequent to this rotating carrier 709;711;712;713 outside the second base module 704. In other words, this means that in the further curing area 788 of the at least one further curing device 772, the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 is defined by a further directing cylinder 709 or a rotating carrier 711;712;713 directly subsequent to this further directing cylinder 709.

[0099] In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that a rotating carrier 709 formed as a further directing cylinder 709 is arranged in the first installation area 726 of the second base module 704 along a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02. In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that at least one print head 791 of the further non-impact printing station 787 is arranged oriented towards the directing cylinder 709 in the first installation area 726 of the second base module 704 or towards the rotating carrier 711; 712; 713 arranged upstream of this directing cylinder 709. In other words, this means that in the region of the further non-impact printing station 787, the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 is defined by the first directing cylinder 709 or by the rotating carrier 711; 712; 713 arranged directly upstream of the first directing cylinder 709. In an alternative or additional development, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the further curing area 788 of the further curing device 772 is arranged oriented towards the orientation cylinder 709 in the first installation area 726 of the second base module 704 or towards its rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 in the second installation area 727 of the second base module 704. In other words, this means that in the further curing area 788 of the at least one further curing device 772, a transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 is defined by the orientation cylinder 709 in the first installation area 726 of the second base module 704 or by the rotating carriers 711; 712; 713 which are directly downstream of this orientation cylinder 709.

[0100] In general, the printing unit 700 can comprise a combination of printing stations 758 with plates and non-impact printing stations 787 in various forms. In this case, at least one printing station 758 with plates is preferably arranged at a front position with respect to a transport path provided for transporting the substrate 02 and is followed by one or more non-impact printing stations 787. Between the following non-impact printing stations 787, one or more further printing stations 758 with plates can be arranged, which or these further printing stations with plates 758 can preferably be activated or deactivated as required. For example, the printing unit 700 comprises at least one arrangement with printing stations 758 with plates, in particular formed as screen printing stations 758, and a number of subsequent assemblages, each assemblage having at least one non-impact printing station 787, an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. Each orientation device 771 preferably includes at least one orientation cylinder 709, and more preferably also includes at least one pre-orientation device 767 and / or at least one parallel magnet device 774. For example, printing unit 700 includes a number of such arrangements.

[0101] In an alternative or additional development, different additives are assigned to different non-impact print locations 787. These different additives are differentiated, for example, with regard to how the additives can be activated, for example one of the additives can be activated by UV radiation in a first wavelength range and / or one other additive can be activated by UV radiation in a second wavelength range different from the first wavelength range and / or one other additive can be activated by electronic radiation.

[0102] An embodiment of the printing unit 700 comprises one printing station 758 with a plate, one non-impact printing station 787, one orientation device 771 with an orientation cylinder 709, a pre-orientation device 767 and a parallel magnet device 774, and one curing device 772. For example, the printing unit 700 comprises one base module 704 (which is also shown exemplarily in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, where according to FIG. 1 it is possible to print the first side of the sheet 02 and according to FIG. 2 it is possible to print the other side of the sheet 02). Any number of such base modules 704 can be combined.

[0103] An embodiment of the printing unit 700 comprises three printing stations 758 with plates, two of which are assigned to one side of the printing substrate 02 and the remaining one to the other side of the printing substrate 02. To form the printing press 01, additionally four non-impact printing stations 787, four orientation devices 771 and four curing devices 772, one sheet feeder 100, one sheet delivery 900 and two inspection units 400 are arranged. The orientation device preferably comprises an orientation cylinder 709, a pre-orientation device 767 and a parallel magnet device 774. Three base modules 704 and one additional module 786 are arranged and equipped accordingly (this is also shown in FIG. 5 by way of example).

[0104] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes a base module 704 and an add-on module 786, with the base module 704 carrying a print station 758 with a plate and a non-impact print station 787 with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. The add-on module 786 carries a non-impact print station 787 with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. For example, the add-on module 786 has its own frame (also shown in FIG. 6 for illustrative purposes).

[0105] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 includes a base module 704 and a number of add-on modules 786, with the base module 704 carrying a print station 758 with a plate and a non-impact print station 787 with a directing device 771 and a curing device 772. The add-on modules 786 each carry a non-impact print station 787 with a directing device 771 and a curing device 772 (also shown in FIG. 7 for illustrative purposes).

[0106] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 comprises two base modules 704, each carrying one printing station with plate 758 and one non-impact printing station 787 with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. For example, the second printing station with plate 758 can be deactivated, in particular by throwing off the plate cylinder 752, so that undried coating agent is not affected by this plate cylinder 752 (this is also shown exemplarily in FIG. 8).

[0107] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 comprises two base modules 704. A first of these base modules 704 carries one printing station 758 with a plate and one non-impact printing station 787 with a directing device 771 and a curing device 772. A second of these base modules 704 carries two non-impact printing stations 787 with respective directing devices 771 and respective curing devices 772 (also shown exemplarily in FIG. 9 ).

[0108] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 comprises a base module 704 and an add-on module 786, with the base module 704 carrying a printing station 758 with a plate and a non-impact printing station 787 with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. The add-on module 786 carries a non-impact printing station 787 with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. Each orientation device 771 has an orientation cylinder 709, a pre-orientation device 767 and a parallel magnet device 774 (also shown exemplarily in FIG. 10).

[0109] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 comprises a base module 704 and a number of additional modules 786, with the base module 704 carrying a printing station 758 with a plate and a non-impact printing station 787 with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. The additional modules 786 each carry a non-impact printing station 787 with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. Each orientation device 771 has an orientation cylinder 709, a pre-orientation device 767 and a parallel magnet device 774 (also shown in FIG. 11 for illustrative purposes).

[0110] One embodiment of the printing unit 700 comprises a plurality of base modules 704 and a plurality of additional modules 786, each of which carries a printing station 758 with a plate and a non-impact printing station 787 with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. Each of the additional modules 786 carries a non-impact printing station 787 with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. Each orientation device 771 has an orientation cylinder 709, a pre-orientation device 767 and a parallel magnet device 774 (also shown in FIG. 12 for illustrative purposes).

[0111] An embodiment of the printing unit 700 comprises a plurality of base modules 704 and a plurality of additional modules 786. One base module 704 carries one printing station 758 with a plate and one non-impact printing station 787 with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. Two base modules 704 carry two non-impact printing stations 787 each with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. Each additional module 786 carries one non-impact printing station 787 each with an orientation device 771 and a curing device 772. Each orientation device 771 has one orientation cylinder 709, one pre-orientation device 767 and one parallel magnet device 774 (also shown in FIG. 13 by way of example).

[0112] The inspection units 400 are preferably formed as independent modules 400. At least one inspection unit 400 preferably has at least one rotating carrier 407 for transporting the sheets 02, towards which at least one inspection device 402; 403 is arranged and directed. This rotating carrier 407 is formed, for example, as a suction drum 407. Preferably, the inspection unit 400 has its own frame 401, which rotatably carries the at least one rotating carrier 407. Preferably, the inspection unit 400 has an inlet interface 408 for receiving the sheets and an outlet interface 409 for discharging the sheets.

[0113] In an alternative or additional development, the inspection unit 400 is preferably characterized in that the inlet interface 408 and the outlet interface 409 are arranged at the same height. In an alternative or additional development, the inspection unit 400 is preferably characterized in that at least one inspection device 402; 403 is arranged oriented towards the respective rotating carrier 407 from above and / or at least one inspection device 402; 403 is arranged oriented towards the respective rotating carrier 407 from below.

[0114] In an alternative or additional development, the inspection unit 400 is preferably characterized in that each of the at least one inspection device 402; 403 has at least one sensor 404, for example formed as a line camera 404, and / or at least one lighting means 406, in particular carried by a frame 401 of the inspection unit 400.

[0115] In an alternative or additional development, the printing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the printing machine 01 comprises at least one sheet feeder 100, at least one printing unit 200;500;600;700, at least one sheet delivery 900 and at least one inspection unit 400 as described above. In an alternative or additional development, the printing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the respective frame 401 of the at least one inspection unit 400 is different from the frame of the sheet feeder 100 and the frame 701 of the at least one printing unit 200;500;600;700 and the frame of the at least one sheet delivery 900. Preferably, the frame 400 of the inspection unit 400 is coupled to one or more frames of adjacent devices such as the sheet feeder 100 and / or the printing unit 200;500;600;700 and / or the sheet delivery 900.

[0116] In an alternative or additional development, the printing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the printing machine 01 is provided with an inspection unit 400 having exactly one rotating carrier 412;413 for transporting the sheet 02 and / or the printing machine 01 is provided with an inspection unit having exactly two rotating carriers 412;413 for transporting the sheet 02.

[0117] Each printing press 01 preferably comprises at least one printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700. Each printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, is indirectly or directly preceded by a substrate supply device 100, in particular formed as a sheet feeder 100, and is indirectly or directly followed by a sheet delivery 900, in particular formed as a multiple pile delivery 900. Each printing press 01 can be modified in that the printing press 01 can additionally comprise further sheet processing units 200; 500; 600 between the sheet feeder 100 and the sheet delivery 900.

[0118] The sheet printing machine 01 preferably comprises a main drive which drives a gear train via which preferably at least all the rotary carriers 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of the printing unit 700, in particular formed as a screen printing unit 700, and preferably also the rotary carriers of the possibly present further printing units 200; 500; 600 and / or the sheet feeder 100 and / or the sheet delivery 900, can be driven.

[0119] Preferably, the printing machine 01 comprises at least one printing unit 700 as described above, further characterized in that the printing machine 01 additionally comprises at least one further printing unit 200; 500; 600, which is formed as a simultan printing unit 200, in particular a sheet simultan printing unit 200, and / or is formed as a numbering printing unit 500, in particular a sheet numbering printing unit 500, and / or is formed as a flexographic printing unit 600. In an additional or alternative development, the printing machine 01 preferably additionally comprises at least one further printing unit 200; 500; 600, which is further preferably formed as a simultan printing unit 200, in particular a sheet simultan printing unit 200, and / or as a numbering printing unit 500, in particular a sheet numbering printing unit 500, and / or as a flexographic printing unit 600.

[0120] In an additional or alternative development, the printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one sheet printing unit 200 formed for the simultan printing method. Such a sheet printing unit 200 is also called a sheet simultan printing unit 200 or a sheet zammer printing unit 200. The simultan printing method is characterized in particular in that the printing inks coming from the different printing cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 are first collected on one zammer cylinder 201; 202, which is preferably formed as a transfer cylinder 201; 202, and are then transferred simultaneously, i.e. simultanically, onto the respective sheet 02. This transfer is preferably effected directly from the zammer cylinder 202, which in this case is preferably also formed as a transfer cylinder 201; 202. Each transfer cylinder 201; 202 preferably cooperates with a respective impression cylinder 201; 202. Preferably, the respective transfer cylinder 201;202 and the impression cylinder 201;202 together form a printing station 218 through which the sheet 02 is preferably transported and / or at which the sheet 02 is preferably provided with printing ink, in particular collected printing ink. Preferably, the two cylinders 201;202 are each formed as a transfer cylinder 201;202 by itself and at the same time cooperate with each other in such a way that both cylinders 201;202 act as impression cylinders 201;202 for the other cylinder 201;202. The sheet simultan printing unit 200, which in this case is also called, for example, a simultan double printing unit 200, is used in particular for printing the respective sheet 02 on two sides simultaneously. Preferably, only one of these stamper cylinders 201;202 is formed as a sheet transport cylinder 201;202.

[0121] At least one sheet simultan printing unit 200 comprises at least two plate cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207. Preferably, each respective plate cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 is arranged to be in direct contact with and / or to cooperate directly with and / or be capable of cooperating with a respective impression cylinder 201; 202. Preferably, the sheet simultan printing unit 200 comprises four printing cylinders 203;204;206;207, of which more preferably two printing cylinders 203;204;206;207 are arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or to cooperate and / or be able to cooperate directly with, in particular a first common stamping cylinder 201;202, and of which more preferably two further printing cylinders 203;204;206;207 are arranged so as to be in direct contact with and / or to cooperate and / or be able to cooperate directly with, another, in particular a second common stamping cylinder 201;202.

[0122] On each printing cylinder 203;204;206;207 of the sheet simultan printing unit 200, different printing forms, in particular printing plates, can be arranged, for example depending on the print image to be printed. For example, at least one lithographic printing form can be arranged on each printing cylinder 203;204;206;207. Alternatively or additionally, for example, at least one letterset printing form can be arranged on each printing cylinder 203;204;206;207. A letterset printing form only has an ink transfer area of ​​a relatively low height compared to the remaining printing plates and is similar to a letterpress printing form in terms of its principle of operation. Preferably, at least one inking unit 227 is arranged on each printing cylinder 203;204;206;207.

[0123] In an alternative or additional development, the sheet simultan printing unit 200 is preferably characterized in that the sheet simultan printing unit 200 comprises a first stump cylinder 201 and a second stump cylinder 202, the first stump cylinder 201 and the second stump cylinder 202 being arranged in direct contact with each other and / or in direct cooperation with each other, each having one rotation axis 216;217, the axis plane E1 being a plane E1 including the rotation axis 216 of the first stump cylinder 201 and the rotation axis 217 of the second stump cylinder 202, and the reference plane E2 being a plane E2 including at least one rotation axis 216;217 of such stump cylinders 201;202 and having a horizontal surface normal. These two stamper cylinders 201; 202 are preferably arranged such that, at least during the processing step, in particular the printing step, the intersection angle between the axial plane E1, on the one hand, and the reference plane E2, on the other hand, is at most 45°, more preferably at most 30°, even more preferably at most 15°, even more preferably at most 10°, even more preferably at most 5°, even more preferably at most 2°, even more preferably at most 1°, even more preferably at most 0.5° and even more preferably exactly 0°.

[0124] In an additional or alternative development, the printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one sheet printing unit 500, which is also called a letterpress printing unit 500. The letterpress printing method is used, for example, as a numbering printing method. The following description relates to the sheet numbering printing unit 500, but also applies correspondingly to the letterpress printing method in general. In an additional or alternative development, the printing machine 01 preferably comprises at least one sheet printing unit 500, which is also called a sheet numbering printing unit 500. The sheet numbering printing unit 500 preferably comprises at least one impression cylinder 501; 502, which are preferably formed as respective sheet-carrying cylinders 501; 502. For example, the sheet numbering printing unit 500 comprises two cylinders 501;502 of a first type, the cylinders 501;502 being further preferably formed as respective impression cylinders 501;502 and / or as respective sheet transport cylinders 501;502 and / or being arranged so as to be in direct contact with each other and / or to cooperate directly with each other and / or so as to be able to cooperate directly with each other.

[0125] Preferably, the respective numbering of the sheets 02 and / or of the allocation side of the sheets 02, in particular formed as a security, is carried out by letterpress printing, in particular by means of at least one numbering cylinder 503;504;506;507, which more preferably has at least one numbering device, in which preferably individual numbering devices are used, more preferably several of the individual numbering devices being arranged on one common numbering cylinder 503;504;506;507. Preferably, each numbering cylinder 503;504;506;507 has a number of numbering devices, for example at least two, or at least four, or at least eight, or at least twelve numbering devices, arranged on the respective numbering cylinder 503;504;506;507 one behind the other in the circumferential direction of the numbering cylinder 503;504;506;507, and / or each numbering cylinder 503;504;506;507 has a number of numbering devices arranged on the respective numbering cylinder 503;504;506;507 next to each other in the transverse direction A. Each at least one numbering device has, for example, a counting device, which has a number of symbol rolls, which each have distinctive, in particular raised, areas in the form of symbols, for example numbers and / or letters. Depending on the position of the respective symbol roll, further symbols are located on the outside, in particular with respect to the axis of rotation of the respective numbering cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. Depending on the relative positions of the individual symbol rolls, the symbols located on the outside of the counting device preferably result in a unique serial number in their entirety. Preferably, at least one inking device 518 is arranged for each numbering cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507. The at least one inking device 518 preferably applies printing ink on contact to the respective symbol located on the outside of the numbering device of the respective numbering cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507.Each numbering cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 is rotated further until it comes into contact with the respective sheet 02 and transfers printing ink in the form of a symbol onto the sheet 02. Preferably, by the time the numbering device next comes into contact with the inking device 518, the symbol combination is changed so that a different marking can be transferred when the next contact is made with the corresponding sheet 02.

[0126] Preferably, each respective numbering plate cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 is arranged in direct contact and / or in direct cooperation and / or capable of direct cooperation with a respective impression cylinder 501; 502. Preferably, the impression cylinders 501; 502 of the sheet numbering printing unit 500, whatever their number, are also formed as sheet-carrying cylinders 501; 502.

[0127] The previous and / or subsequent descriptions of the sheet numbering printing unit 500 also apply correspondingly, unless any inconsistency arises therefrom, to the letterpress printing unit 500 in general, and in particular with the modification that the letterpress printing plate cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507, unlike the numbering plate cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507, preferably carry the respective fixed printing plates and therefore do not have a numbering device.

[0128] In an additional or alternative development, the printing machine 01 comprises at least one sheet processing unit 600 and / or sheet printing unit 600, which is preferably configured for a flexographic printing process. Such a sheet printing unit 600 is also called a flexographic printing unit 600. The flexographic printing process is used, for example, as a coating process, in particular a varnishing process. The flexographic printing unit 600 preferably comprises at least one impression cylinder 601;602, which is further preferably configured as a respective sheet-carrying cylinder 601;602. Further preferably, the flexographic printing unit 600 comprises two impression cylinders 601;602, which are further preferably configured as respective sheet-carrying cylinders 601;602 and / or are arranged in direct contact with one another and / or in direct cooperation with one another and / or can directly cooperate with one another. Preferably, the impression cylinders 601;602 of the flexographic printing unit 600, whatever their number, are also formed as sheet-carrying cylinders 601;602.

[0129] Preferably, the flexographic printing unit 600 comprises at least one flexographic plate cylinder 603;604;606;607. Preferably, at least one inking unit 618 is arranged for each flexographic plate cylinder 603;604;606;607. By flexographic plate cylinder 603;604;606;607 is to be understood in particular a plate cylinder 603;604;606;607 provided for a flexographic printing process and / or in particular a plate cylinder 603;604;606;607 which is designed to carry at least one, preferably exchangeable, flexographic printing plate, in particular on its outer surface. Preferably, each respective flexographic plate cylinder 603; 604; 606; 607 is arranged in direct contact with and / or in direct cooperation with and / or capable of direct cooperation with a respective impression cylinder 601; 602. [Explanation of symbols]

[0130] 01 Printing machines, sheet printing machines, securities printing machines, rotary printing machines, rotary sheet printing machines 02 Substrates, sheets 100 Substrate supply device, sheet supply device, sheet feeder 101 Belt table, conveyor section 102 - 103 - 104 Rotating carrier, receiving drum 200 Converting Unit, Sheet Converting Unit, Sheet Printing Unit, Sheet Simultan Printing Unit, Simultan Double Printing Unit, Sheet Zammel Printing Unit 201 Cylinders, main cylinders, zammel cylinders, transfer cylinders, impression cylinders, sheet carrying cylinders 202 Cylinders, main cylinders, zammel cylinders, transfer cylinders, impression cylinders, sheet carrying cylinders 203 Cylinders, plate cylinders, lithographic printing plate cylinders, letterset plate cylinders 204 Cylinders, plate cylinders, lithographic printing plate cylinders, letterset plate cylinders 205 - 206 Cylinders, plate cylinders, lithographic printing plate cylinders, letterset plate cylinders 207 Cylinders, plate cylinders, lithographic printing plate cylinders, letterset plate cylinders 216 Rotation axis, axis position 217 Rotation axis, axis position 218 Printing location 227 Ink unit 400 Inspection Units 401 Frame 402 Inspection Equipment 403 Inspection Equipment 404 Sensor, Line Camera 405 - 406 Lighting means 407 Rotating Carrier 408 Ingress Interface 409 Exit Interface 500 Processing unit, sheet processing unit, sheet printing unit, sheet numbering printing unit, letterpress printing unit 501 Cylinders, main cylinders, impression cylinders, sheet carrying cylinders 502 Cylinders, main cylinders, impression cylinders, sheet carrying cylinders 503 Cylinder, Plate Cylinder, Offset Printing Plate Cylinder, Numbering Plate Cylinder, Letterpress Printing Plate Cylinder 504 Cylinder, Plate Cylinder, Offset Printing Plate Cylinder, Numbering Plate Cylinder, Letterpress Printing Plate Cylinder 505 - 506 cylinder, plate cylinder, offset printing plate cylinder, numbering plate cylinder, letterpress printing plate cylinder 507 Cylinder, Plate Cylinder, Offset Printing Plate Cylinder, Numbering Plate Cylinder, Letterpress Printing Plate Cylinder 518 Inking unit 519 - 520 - 521 Rotation axis, axis position 522 Rotation axis, axis position 600 Converting unit, sheet converting unit, sheet printing unit, flexographic printing unit, letterpress printing unit 601 Cylinders, main cylinders, impression cylinders, sheet carrying cylinders 602 Cylinders, main cylinders, impression cylinders, sheet carrying cylinders 603 Cylinders, plate cylinders, flexo plate cylinders 604 Cylinders, plate cylinders, flexo plate cylinders 605 - 606 Cylinders, Plate Cylinders, Flexo Plate Cylinders 607 Cylinders, plate cylinders, flexo plate cylinders 618 Inking unit 619 - 620 - 621 Rotation axis, axis position 622 Rotation axis, axis position 700 Printing unit, converting unit, sheet converting unit, sheet printing unit, screen printing unit 701 Frame 702 Frame side wall 703 Frame side wall 704 Bass Module 705 - 706 Base side wall 707 Base side wall 708 Rotating carriers, rotating bodies, components, impression cylinders 709 Rotating carriers, components, and orientation cylinders 710 - 711 Rotating carriers, components, transfer drums 712 Rotating carriers, components, blow drums 713 Rotating conveyors, components, suction drums 714 - 715 - 716 Rotation axis 717 Rotation axis 718 Rotation axis 719 Rotation axis 720 - 721 - 722 - 723 Crossbar 724 - 725 - 726 First Built-in Region 727 Second Built-in Region 728 Third Built-in Region 729 Fourth Built-in Region 751 Printing plates, screen printing plates, cylindrical screens 752 Plate cylinder, screen printing plate cylinder, rotating body 753 Rotation axis 754 Screen printing equipment 755 - 756 - 757 Doctor Device 758 Screen printing area with plate, printing area with plate 767 Pre-orientation device, pre-orientation magnet 768 Inspection equipment, reflection type inspection equipment 769 Adjustment drives, linear motors, pneumatic cylinders, hydraulic cylinders 770 - 771 Orientation Device 772 Drying equipment, curing equipment, radiation dryer, UV dryer, LED dryer, UV-LED dryer, electron beam dryer 773 - 774 Outer magnet assembly, outer parallel magnet assembly 781 First Vacancy 782 Second Vacancy 783 Third Vacancy 784 4th Vacancy 785 - 786 Add-on Module 787 Non-impact printing area 788 Hardening area 789 Supply and Storage Unit 790 - 791 First Print Head, First Inkjet Print Head 792 Radiation sources, electron beam sources 900 Assembly, Delivery Equipment, Sheet Delivery, Multiple Pile Delivery, Double Pile Delivery, Triple Pile Delivery, Quadruple Pile Delivery 901 Discharge Station, Pile Delivery 902 Discharge station, pile delivery 903 Discharge Station, Pile Delivery 904 Sheet conveying system, chain conveying system, chain gripper system 905 - 906 Drying equipment, curing equipment, radiation dryer, UV dryer, electron beam dryer A Horizontal N normal vectors T Transport direction V vertical direction E passing plane W726 Transport angle W727 Transport angle W728 Transport angle W729 Transport angle

Claims

1. A printing unit (700), The printing unit (700) comprises at least one first plate-based printing station (758), the first plate-based printing station (758) being formed by a pair of cooperating rotors (708; 752), The printing unit (700) comprises, downstream of the first plate-present printing station (758) along a transport path provided for transporting the substrate (02), at least one first directing cylinder (709), the first directing cylinder (709) having a plurality of magnetic field-inducing elements in the region of the circumference of the first directing cylinder (709), The printing unit (700) comprises, downstream of the first plate-based printing station (758) along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate (02), at least one first non-impact printing station (787), to which at least one first print head (791) is assigned, said printing unit (700) comprises, downstream of said first non-impact printing location (787) along said transport path provided for transporting a substrate (02), at least one first curing device (772) with a first curing zone (788) assigned to said first curing device (772); In the printing unit (700), said printing unit (700) comprises at least one second directing cylinder (709) downstream of said at least one first directing cylinder (709) along said transport path provided for transporting a substrate (02), said printing unit (700) comprises, downstream of said first directing cylinder (709) along said transport path provided for transporting a substrate (02), at least one second non-impact printing station (787), to which at least one second print head (791) is assigned; said printing unit (700) comprises, along said transport path provided for transporting a substrate (02), downstream of said second non-impact printing location (787), at least one second curing device (772) with a second curing zone (788) assigned to said second curing device (772); characterised in that in the area of ​​the first non-impact printing location (787), the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate (02) is defined by the first directing cylinder (709) or by a rotating carrier (711; 712; 713) directly preceding the first directing cylinder (709), Printing unit (700).

2. 2. A printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that within the first curing area (788) of at least one first curing device (772), the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate (02) is defined by the first orientation cylinder (709) or by a rotating carrier (711; 712; 713) directly downstream of the first orientation cylinder (709).

3. 2. A printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that in the area of ​​the second non-impact printing location (787), the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate (02) is defined by the second directing cylinder (709) or by a rotating carrier (711; 712; 713) directly preceding the second directing cylinder (709).

4. 2. A printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that within the second curing area (788) of at least one second curing device (772), the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate (02) is defined by the second orientation cylinder (709) or by a rotating carrier (711; 712; 713) directly downstream of the second orientation cylinder (709).

5. 2. The printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that any printing location (752) with a plate of the printing unit (700) is located upstream of the first non-impact printing location (787) or downstream of the second non-impact printing location (787).

6. and / or an additive is arranged in a supply reservoir (789) which is connected by duct technology to the at least one first print head (791) and which modifies the hardening properties of the material to be applied; and / or an additive for modifying the hardening properties of the material to be applied is arranged in a supply reservoir (789) which is connected by a conduit to the at least one second print head (791); 2. A printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:

7. 2. The printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the first plate-based printing location (758) is formed as a screen printing location (758).

8. 2. A printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotating carrier (711; 712; 713) arranged downstream of the impression cylinder (708) of the first printing station with plate (758) directly along the transport path provided for transporting the substrate (02) is formed as a transfer drum (711) or as a blow drum (712) or as a suction drum (713) or as a rotating carrier (711; 712; 713) working without contact except for gripper contact.

9. 2. A printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that each said directing cylinder (709) comprises a plurality of magnetic field inducing elements in the region of the circumference of said directing cylinder (709).

10. 2. A printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the curing device (771) comprises at least one radiation source (792) for UV radiation and / or at least one electron beam source (792).

11. 2. The printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one said first print head (791) is formed as an inkjet print head (791).

12. 2. The printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the printing unit (700) is formed as a sheet printing unit (700).

13. A printing machine (01), comprising at least one printing unit (700) according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12, In a printing machine (01), characterised in that the printing machine (01) additionally comprises at least one further printing unit (200; 500; 600), which is formed as a simultan printing unit (200) and / or the printing machine (01) additionally comprises at least one further printing unit (200; 500; 600), which is formed as a numbering printing unit (500) and / or the printing machine (01) additionally comprises at least one further printing unit (200; 500; 600), which is formed as a flexographic printing unit (600), Printing machine (01).

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