Optimized valve system for piston compressors - Valve disc and valve seat with aerodynamic damping

Abstract

The valve device is for a piston compressor, in particular an oil-free piston compressor, for generating compressed air in a rail vehicle, and includes a valve plate (3) with a compressed air opening (5), a valve support (9), and a valve disc (15) that is flexible and / or movable relative to the valve support and for opening and closing the compressed air opening (5), in which a shock absorber and / or brake device is provided corresponding to the valve disc.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a valve device, in particular for an oil-free piston compressor, for generating compressed air in rail vehicles, for example for operating brake mechanisms.

[0002] In the field of track or rail vehicles, piston compressors are often used to generate compressed air, for example for operating brake mechanisms. Basically, there are various configuration types. Piston compressors, especially oil-free compressors, have basically proven effective, but there is still room for improvement. The present invention relates to the improvement of such piston compressors. An important topic that has not been the focus of development in the field of rail vehicles so far is the acoustic behavior of piston compressors. In particular, the alternating movements of the functional components have a detrimental effect on the acoustic emission behavior.

[0003] A piston compressor of the type mentioned at the beginning uses a valve arrangement for generating compressed air, the piston compressor having a valve plate with a number of compressed air openings for the compressed air to be supplied. The valve arrangement includes a valve carrier and a valve disk movable relative to the valve carrier for opening and closing the compressed air openings. The movement of the valve disk is excited by the pressure difference between the compression chamber of the piston compressor and the air chamber in the cylinder head. At the very beginning of the opening cycle, a very large pressure difference occurs, which results in very high acceleration forces on the valve disk. Due to the high acceleration forces, the valve disk crashes into the disk carrier at high speed and without being braked.

[0004] The inventors of the present invention have determined that the behavior of the valve device has a significant effect on the overall acoustic emissions. This acoustic emissions are caused both by the excitation of the air volume by the valve movement and by the impact of the valve against the valve plate or the corresponding valve seat. In addition to the acoustic excitation, the valve movement can also affect the mass flow profile and thus the supply level. This in turn has a direct effect on the efficiency of the compressor.

[0005] Currently, valve retainers are usually manufactured as simple sheet metal components. Both the valve retainer and the valve disc have a flat plate-like or disc-like structure. In the open valve position, the upper surface of the valve disc rests or abuts on the lower surface of the valve retainer in a planar manner.

[0006] The valve device is mechanically excited at each opening by the pressure difference that occurs between the cylinder and the air volume (suction and discharge sides) due to the piston movement in the cylinder and the associated compression and expansion of the air in the cylinder. The movement of the valve disc is influenced by its internal forces, its inertial mass and externally acting forces, in particular those caused by the air. The air-induced forces act on the upper and lower faces of the valve disc at the beginning of opening. When the valve disc moves towards the valve seat, it rolls in this valve seat. In this case, the contact surface between the valve disc and the valve seat changes, and therefore also the forces acting on the surface of the valve disc facing the valve seat.

[0007] The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular to improve the acoustics and / or mass flow profile in piston compressors.

[0008] This problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims.

[0009] According to the independent claims, a valve device, in particular for oil-free piston compressors, for generating compressed air in rail vehicles is provided. Piston compressors are used in the field of track or rail vehicles, for example for operating brake mechanisms. Generally, piston compressors are divided into oil-lubricated piston compressors and oil-free piston compressors. A piston compressor of the type mentioned at the beginning comprises a valve plate with compressed air openings for the compressed air to be provided. The compressed air to be provided can be generated, for example, in a compression chamber and / or stored and / or discharged via the compressed air openings, for example, into an air chamber provided in a cylinder head of the piston compressor.

[0010] According to the invention, the valve device comprises a valve receiver and a valve disc for opening and closing the compressed air opening, which is flexible and / or movable relative to the valve receiver. For example, the valve disc may be flexibly supported, so that a relative movement with respect to the valve receiver for adjusting the compressed air flow is possible. In this case, the valve disc may consist of or include a bendable elastic material and can be deformed in particular elastically in order to open and / or close the compressed air opening. For the reverse movement, i.e. to close and / or open the compressed air opening, an elastic deformation return force can be generated as a result of the elastic deformation of the valve disc in one direction of movement, which causes the valve disc to move again in another operating direction. For example, the valve disc may be configured in such a way that the elastic deformation return force acts in the closing direction, so that the valve disc is in the closed state, i.e. closes the compressed air opening, as long as no reaction or operating force is applied to the valve disc. To open the compressed air opening, a pressure difference between the compression chamber and the air chamber of the piston compressor is used. The actuating force for opening the valve disc, in particular the pressure difference then prevailing upstream and downstream of the valve disc, exceeds the elastic return force of the valve disc when the compressed air opening is released.

[0011] According to the invention, the valve device is characterized by a damping and / or braking device arranged correspondingly to the valve disc. In this regard, the damping and / or braking device can damp and / or brake the movement of the valve disc when opening and closing the compressed air opening. For example, the damping and / or braking device can reduce the speed and / or acceleration of the valve disc when opening and closing the compressed air opening. Furthermore, it is possible that the damping and / or braking device is configured to damp the impact of the valve disc on the valve receiver when opening the compressed air opening and / or the impact of the valve disc on the valve plate when closing the compressed air opening. In other words, the damping between the valve disc and the valve receiver and / or between the valve disc and the valve plate makes the impact of the valve disc on the corresponding other component gentler, quieter and / or slower, which reduces the vibration excitation of the respective other component and thus leads to reduced acoustic emissions when the valve disc assumes the respective position.

[0012] In one exemplary configuration of the invention, the shock absorber and / or damping device comprises an aerodynamic shock absorber. For example, the shock absorber and / or damping device is realized as an aerodynamic shock absorber. An aerodynamic shock absorber can generally be understood as meaning that air, in particular compressed air, is used to shock absorb and / or damp the valve disc movement. An aerodynamic shock absorber has been found to be particularly advantageous, since air, in particular compressed air, which is present anyway, can be used to shock absorb and / or damp the valve disc, in particular without the need for additional separate shock absorber and / or damping means.

[0013] According to one exemplary refinement of the valve device according to the invention, the damping and / or damping device is configured to form an air accumulator between the valve receiver and the valve disc when the compressed air opening is opened by the valve disc, i.e. when the valve disc is removed from the valve plate, in which air is at least temporarily charged in order to damp and / or damp the valve disc. The air accumulator may be configured such that contact between the valve disc and the valve receiver is not necessarily eliminated. For example, the air accumulator may be configured such that it is continuously emptied, in particular over time, so that the valve disc comes into full stop contact while being damped and / or damped. The air accumulator is advantageously configured to be maintained or maintained at least until the movement of the valve disc is damped or damped to a large extent, in particular to at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70% or at least 80% of the maximum speed and / or maximum acceleration of the valve disc when opening or closing the compressed air opening.

[0014] According to another exemplary embodiment of the valve device according to the invention, the valve disc and the valve receiver are adjusted to each other in such a way that when the compressed air opening is opened by the valve disc, the valve disc and the valve receiver can at least partially slide into each other. In other words, when the compressed air opening is opened by the valve disc, the valve receiver at least partially receives the valve disc or vice versa, i.e. the valve disc at least partially receives the valve receiver. This, on the one hand, provides a particularly space-saving damping and / or braking device. Furthermore, in a structurally simple manner, the possibility of an aerodynamic damping device is obtained, since when the valve disc and the valve receiver slide into each other, an air accumulator is formed between the valve receiver and the valve disc, so that the air brakes and / or damps the movement of the valve disc relative to the valve receiver. For example, the valve disc and the valve receiver can slide into each other substantially telescopically.

[0015] In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the valve seat or the valve disc has an apron that is dimensioned and / or arranged on the valve seat or the valve disc with respect to the valve seat and the valve disc, such that when the compressed air opening is opened by the valve disc, the apron at least partially surrounds the outer contour of the other component, the valve disc and the valve seat. For example, the apron can surround at least 20%, in particular at least 30%, at least 40% or at least 50% of the outer contour of the component to be surrounded. When the compressed air opening is opened by the valve disc, the valve disc moves continuously in the direction of the valve plate. The apron, also called the buffer apron and / or the brake apron, projects in the direction of the other component, the valve disc and the valve seat, on which the apron is not arranged, so that the apron overlaps the peripheral wall of the valve seat or the valve disc, particularly continuously, as the opening movement of the valve disc increases. As soon as the overlap between the apron and the valve disc or the valve receiver is achieved, an air accumulator is formed between the valve receiver and the valve disc, by means of which the movement of the valve disc can be damped or cushioned. The overlap between the apron and the valve receiver or the apron and the valve disc and the projection of the apron from the respective component to which it is attached make it possible to form an air accumulator in the free space existing between the valve receiver and the valve disc, in which air is trapped, which cushions or cushions the movement of the valve disc.

[0016] According to one exemplary refinement of the valve device according to the invention, the apron is manufactured from one piece with the valve seat or the valve disk, for example by deformation or one-piece molding.

[0017] In another exemplary configuration of the invention, the apron is arranged on the edge of the valve seat or valve disc and extends along at least 20%, in particular at least 30%, at least 40% or at least 50% of the outline of the valve seat or valve disc, for example by up to 90%, in particular by up to 80%, 70% or by up to 60% of the outline of the valve seat or valve disc, depending on which component the apron is arranged on.

[0018] According to one exemplary refinement of the valve device according to the invention, the valve disc and the valve receiver have an elongated shape and are attached to one another in the area of ​​their short sides, in particular screwed to one another. For example, the valve disc and the valve receiver can be screwed to the valve plate. The apron is arranged in the area of ​​the opposite short side or is molded in one piece. When the compressed air opening is opened by the valve disc, the attached short sides of the valve disc and the valve receiver remain fixed, while the opposite short side of the apron performs an opening movement. This means that the amplitude of the movement of the valve disc increases continuously from the attachment short side towards the short side of the apron. For example, the apron dimensions, in particular the apron height, are adapted to the amplitude of the movement of the valve disc.

[0019] In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the valve disc and the valve receiver are formed in a planar shape, and the apron extends substantially perpendicularly to the planar extension of the valve disc or the valve receiver in the direction of the other component of the valve disc and the valve receiver. Due to the apron protruding from the planar extension, in particular from the upper or lower surface facing the other component of the valve disc and the valve receiver, the apron engages or reaches the area of ​​the other component of the valve disc and the valve receiver beyond the planar surface, so that an aerodynamic damping device can be formed, in particular an air accumulator can be formed between the valve receiver and the valve disc.

[0020] According to one exemplary refinement of the valve device according to the invention, the height dimension of the apron increases continuously, in particular starting from the short mounting side towards the short apron side, with it being understood that the main movement of the valve disk takes place in the area of ​​the short apron side, insofar as this is the area where the maximum height dimension of the apron is required. In the direction towards the short mounting side the apron height can also decrease, which allows saving material and therefore costs.

[0021] In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the valve seat and the valve disc are adjusted to one another in such a way that, when the valve disc opens the compressed air opening, a gap is provided or remains between the apron and the outer contour of the respective other component, the valve seat and the valve disc, which is surrounded by the apron. Via this gap, air can escape from an air accumulator formed between the valve seat and the valve disc, which in particular forms a dynamic damping device. For example, by using the apron, compressed air exiting from the cylinder volume or entering from the inlet volume can be used, so that the counter pressure can prevent air leakage between the valve seat and the valve disc. The residence time of the accumulated compressed air is thus extended, which enhances the damping and / or braking properties of the apron.

[0022] According to one exemplary refinement of the valve device according to the invention, the damping and / or braking action of the valve disc can be adjusted via the cross section of the gap between the apron and the outer contour of the respective other component of the valve disc and the valve seat, which is surrounded by the apron. For example, the gap cross section and the resulting exit air velocity, which is related to the valve disc velocity, determine the damping properties of the valve disc.

[0023] In another exemplary configuration of the invention, the valve device has a valve plate with compressed air openings, where a valve disc is associated with the valve plate such that in the closed state the valve disc closes the compressed air openings, and the damping and / or braking device is configured to damp and / or brake the movement of the valve disc for closing the compressed air openings. It has been found according to the invention that the damping and / or braking device associated with the valve disc can also be used to reduce acoustic emissions when the valve device is closed, i.e. when the valve disc impacts on the valve plate with the valve seat. To this extent, the overall acoustic emissions of the valve device according to the invention are significantly reduced compared to the prior art.

[0024] According to an exemplary refinement of the invention, when the valve disc closes the compressed air opening, a negative pressure is formed between the valve seat and the valve disc, which negative pressure reduces the closing speed and / or closing acceleration of the valve disc in the direction of the valve plate. For example, due to the limited inflow behavior of air into the space formed between the valve disc and the valve seat, in particular into the air accumulator, due to the small gap between the valve disc and the valve seat, a negative pressure can be generated downstream of the valve disc, i.e. between the valve disc and the valve seat. This negative pressure negatively affects the closing acceleration and closing speed of the valve disc. Due to the reduced acceleration of the valve disc, the impact speed of the valve disc against the valve plate is reduced. In so far as this makes it possible to reduce the contact shock or impact during closing of the disc with the valve plate and the associated acoustic excitation. Furthermore, it is possible to positively influence the closing time and thus the mass flow rate. Thus, via the geometric configuration of the damping apron and / or the braking apron and the geometric realization of the gap between the valve disc and the valve seat, in particular the gap between the apron and the respective other component, the valve seat and the valve disc, on which the apron is not arranged, the mass flow, i.e. the compressed air flow through the valve device, can be adjusted.

[0025] According to another aspect of the invention, which can be combined with the above-mentioned aspects and exemplary configurations, a valve seat is provided for a valve device, in particular for an oil-free piston compressor, for generating compressed air in rail vehicles. The valve device may be configured, for example, according to any of the above-mentioned aspects or exemplary configurations. Piston compressors are used in the field of track- or rail-running vehicles, for example for operating brake mechanisms. Generally, piston compressors are divided into oil-lubricated piston compressors and oil-free piston compressors. Piston compressors of the type mentioned at the beginning include a valve plate with compressed air openings for the compressed air to be provided. The compressed air to be provided may be generated, for example, in a compression chamber and / or stored and / or released via the compressed air openings, for example, into an air chamber in a cylinder head of the piston compressor.

[0026] The valve seat according to the invention comprises an areal extension with a side, in particular an underside, which is to face a valve disk for regulating the compressed air flow, on which side is provided an apron, in particular oriented perpendicularly to the areal extension, which is configured to at least partially surround the outer contour of the valve disk. This side can be, for example, the underside of the valve seat. The apron is configured to at least partially surround the outer contour of the valve disk, in particular in the closed state of the valve device.

[0027] Obviously, the statements made with respect to the valve arrangement according to the invention apply analogously to the valve seat according to the invention.

[0028] According to another aspect of the invention, which can be combined with the above-mentioned aspects and exemplary configurations, a valve disk for a valve device, in particular an oil-free piston compressor for generating compressed air in rail vehicles, in particular configured according to one of the above-mentioned aspects or exemplary configurations, is provided. Piston compressors are used in the field of track- or rail-running vehicles, for example for operating brake mechanisms. Generally, piston compressors are divided into oil-lubricated piston compressors and oil-free piston compressors. Piston compressors of the type mentioned at the beginning include a valve plate with compressed air openings for the compressed air to be provided. The compressed air to be provided can be generated, for example, in a compression chamber and / or stored and / or can be discharged via the compressed air openings, for example, into an air chamber in a cylinder head of the piston compressor.

[0029] The valve disk according to the invention comprises an areal extension with a side, in particular an upper side, which is to face a valve seat for regulating the compressed air flow, on which side is provided an apron, in particular oriented perpendicularly to the areal extension, which apron is configured in particular in the closed state of the valve device to at least partially surround the outer contour of the valve seat.

[0030] Obviously, the statements made with respect to the valve device according to the invention should likewise be applied to the valve disc according to the invention.

[0031] According to another aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the above-mentioned aspects and exemplary configurations, there is provided a piston compressor, in particular an oil-free piston compressor, for generating compressed air in a rail vehicle, comprising a valve device configured according to any of the above-mentioned aspects or exemplary configurations, a valve disc according to the present invention and / or a valve receiver according to the present invention.

[0032] Preferred configurations are set out in the dependent claims.

[0033] Further characteristics, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of preferred configurations of the present invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying exemplary drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0034] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view showing an exemplary configuration of a valve device according to the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a detailed cross section of the valve device shown in FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a side view showing the detailed cross section shown in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another exemplary configuration of a valve device according to the present invention. FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the valve device shown in FIG. [Figure 6] 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another exemplary configuration of a valve device according to the present invention. FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a cross section of the valve device shown in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the valve device shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

[0035] In the following description of exemplary configurations of the invention, the valve arrangement according to the invention, in particular for oil-free piston compressors for generating compressed air, for example in rail vehicles, is generally designated by the reference number 1. The valve arrangement 1 comprises a valve plate 3, which may be flat and thin-walled, where thin-walled can be understood as meaning that the extension of the valve plate 3 is dimensioned in its plane significantly larger than the wall or wall thickness of the valve plate 3. The valve plate 3 comprises a number of through holes 5, whereby the valve plate 3 can be used for differently dimensioned and / or configured piston compressors. The through holes 5 are used as compressed air openings for the compressed air to be provided or for mounting further components of the valve arrangement 1. Furthermore, the valve plate 3 has four mounting holes 31, which are evenly distributed and arranged in the edge region of the valve plate 3, which serve, for example, for screwing and / or centering the valve plate 3 on or in a cylinder or cylinder head (not shown).

[0036] According to the exemplary configuration shown in FIG. 1 , the valve device 1 according to the invention comprises four valves 7 by means of which one compressed air opening 5 corresponding to each valve 7 can be opened or closed, so that the compressed air flow through the compressed air opening 5 can be ensured or prevented.

[0037] A detailed description of the valve device 1 is given below. In Fig. 1, a respective valve seat 9 of each valve 7 can be seen from above. As can be further seen in Fig. 1, the valve plate 3 may have, for example, a substantially octagonal basic structure, in which case the respective corners may be rounded. It is clear that the valve plate may have any other cross-sectional shape, in which case the cross-section depends substantially on the space available in the piston compressor.

[0038] 2 is to be understood as a cross-sectional view of one of the valves 7, in particular the valve retainer 9. The valve retainer 9 has a substantially elongated flat shape and may also have a flap or spoon shape. The valve retainer 9 can be attached to the valve plate 3 in the area of ​​a short side 11. For this purpose, the valve retainer 9 has recessed holes 13 in the area of ​​the short side 11, by means of which a screw fastening to the valve plate 3 is possible, for example. This means that the valve retainer 9 is substantially rigidly connected to the valve plate 3, and that during operation of the piston compressor, a relative movement of the valve retainer 9 with respect to the valve plate 3 is substantially prevented.

[0039] In FIG. 2 further main components of the valve device according to the invention can be seen. Under the valve retainer 9, i.e. between the valve retainer 9 and the valve plate 3, a thin-walled valve disc 15 adapted to the outer outline of the valve retainer 9 is arranged. The valve disc 15 serves as a movable or adjustable valve member of the valve device 1. The valve disc 15 is movable relative to the valve retainer 9 and the valve plate 3 in order to open and close the compressed air openings 5. This can be achieved, for example, by a flexible material of the valve disc 15, so that the valve disc 15 is particularly bendable or deformable. The opening and closing of the compressed air openings 15 can be effected essentially exclusively via an elastic bending of the valve disc 15. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the valve disc 15 also has holes 19 in the region of the short sides 17 corresponding to the short sides 11 for screwing the valve retainer 9 and the valve disc 15 to the valve plate 3. In other respects, the valve disc 15 has a substantially constant cross section.

[0040] The state of the valve device 1 shown in FIG. 2 is the closed state. The valve disc rests flat on the valve plate 3 and closes the compressed air opening 5 from above. The valve disc 15 can consist of or contain a flexible elastic material, in particular in order to elastically deform and to use the elastic return force of the valve disc 15 when moving in the opposite direction of movement in order to open and / or close the compressed air opening. To open the compressed air opening 5, the pressure difference between the compression chamber and the air chamber of the piston compressor is used. For example, to open the compressed air opening 5, i.e. to lift the valve disc 15 from the closed position shown in FIG. 2, the pressure difference prevailing on the upstream and downstream sides of the valve disc exceeds the elastic return force of the valve disc 15, so that the valve disc 15 is lifted and the opening cross section of the compressed air opening is opened, so that the compressed air can flow through the compressed air opening 5 past the valve 7 or the valve disc 15 and the valve seat 9.

[0041] As can be seen in Fig. 2, the cross section of the valve seat 9 tapers from the mounting short side to the compressed air side short side 21. In the configuration shown in Fig. 2, this is achieved in that the underside 23 of the valve seat 9 facing the valve disc 15 is made oblique. This results in a free space 25 being formed between the valve disc 15 and the valve seat 9, the cross section of which increases continuously in the direction of the compressed air side short side 21. This free space 25 enables the valve disc 15, which is flexible or movable relative to the valve seat 9, to lift off the valve plate 3 in order to open the compressed air opening 5.

[0042] According to the invention, the valve device 1 further comprises a damping and / or braking device 27 arranged in correspondence with the valve disc 15. The damping and / or braking device 27 is designed to damp, damp or slow down the impact of the valve disc 15 against the valve seat 9 when the compressed air opening 5 is opened or released and / or the impact of the valve disc 15 against the valve plate 3 when the compressed air opening 5 is closed, so that the vibration excitation of the valve seat 9 or the valve plate 3 is reduced, which results in reduced acoustic emissions when the valve device 1 is operated.

[0043] The shock absorber and / or brake device 27 comprises an apron 29 according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the invention, which is arranged on the valve retainer 9 according to Figs. 2 to 5 and on the valve disc 15 according to Figs. 6 to 8. The apron 29 is dimensioned and / or adapted to the respective other component to which it is not attached, in such a way that when the compressed air opening 5 is opened by the valve disc 15, the apron 29 at least partially surrounds the outer contour of the respective other component. The apron 29 is arranged on the valve retainer 9 or on the valve disc 15 at least in the region of the compressed air-side short side 21 and extends essentially perpendicularly to the surface extension of the valve disc 15 or the valve retainer 9 in the direction of the respective other component, the valve disc 15 and the valve retainer 9. This makes it possible for the valve retainer 9 and the valve disc 15 to be able to move into and out of one another during the operating movement of the valve disc 15, i.e. during the opening and / or release of the compressed air opening 5. When the valve disc 15 and the valve seat 9 move into and out of each other, the apron 29, which surrounds or edges the other component, creates an air cushion between the valve disc 15 and the valve seat 9, which causes a cushioning and / or damping of the valve disc 15. In particular, the air cushion is created by forming an air accumulator between the valve disc 15 and the valve seat 9, in which air is at least temporarily charged for cushioning and / or damping the valve disc 15. By "at least temporarily," it is to be understood that between the apron 29 and the respective outer contour of the other component, the valve disc 15 and the valve seat 9, there is a small gap, in particular having a dimension of 2 / 10 mm to 3 / 10 mm, through which a small amount of air can escape from the air accumulator. The effect of the air cushion is therefore particularly noticeable during the opening movement of the valve disc 15, i.e. when it moves from the stop or closing contact with the valve plate 3 towards the valve seat 9 located opposite.

[0044] When the compressed air opening 5 is closed again, i.e. the elastic return force of the valve disc 15 again exceeds the pressure difference between the downstream and upstream sides of the valve disc 15, so that the valve disc 15 is pushed into its closed position or into stop or closing contact with the valve plate 3 and, when the valve disc 15 is removed from the valve seat 9, a negative pressure is created between the valve seat 9 and the valve disc 15, which has a suction effect on the valve disc 15. This reduces the closing speed and / or closing acceleration of the valve disc 15 in the direction of the valve plate 3, so that impacts against the valve plate 3 are damped or damped and thus vibration excitations which could cause acoustic emissions are reduced.

[0045] 3 to 5 in particular show that the valve disc 15 and the valve seat 9 slide into one another during the operating movement of the valve disc 15. In the configuration shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, in which the apron 29 is arranged on the valve seat side, the valve disc 15 slides into the valve seat 9 in such a way that the apron 29 surrounds or encircles the outer contour of the valve disc 15, at least in the area of ​​its narrow side on the compressed air side.

[0046] The configuration of the valve device 1 according to the invention shown in Figures 4 and 5 differs from the configuration shown in Figures 2 and 3 mainly in that the valve seat 9 has constant cross-sectional dimensions but has a bent portion 31 which is oriented at an angle to the surface extension of the valve plate 3, so that a free space is created to allow the operating movement of the valve disc 15.

[0047] The configuration of the valve device 1 according to the invention shown in Figures 6 to 8 differs from the previously described embodiment mainly by the fact that the apron 29 of the shock absorber and / or brake device 27 is arranged on the valve disc 15. During the working movement of the valve disc 15, the apron 29 on the valve disc side surrounds or encircles the outer contour of the valve seat 9 at least in the area of ​​the narrow sides 21 of the valve seat 9. The technical effect and operation of the shock absorber and / or brake device 27 are similar to the apron 27 on the valve seat side, so that reference can be made to the configuration and description given above.

[0048] As can be seen in particular from Fig. 8, in which the valve device 1 is shown in a perspective view, the height dimension of the apron 29 increases continuously starting from the mounting short side 11 in the direction towards the opposite short side, in particular the short side which corresponds to the apron short side 21. In this respect, the height dimension of the apron 29 is adapted to the valve seat 9, in particular its bend 31 or the inclination of its underside 23, so that a reliable air accumulator for forming an air cushion between the valve disc 15 and the valve seat 9 can be formed. The invention therefore makes use of the compressed air which is present in any case in order to form an aerodynamic damping device which serves to reduce the overall acoustic emissions of the valve device according to the invention.

[0049] The features disclosed in the above description, in the drawings and in the claims may be important both individually and in any combination for realizing the invention in its various different embodiments. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 1 Valve gear 3 Valve plate 5 Compressed Air Opening 7 Valve 9 Valve holder 11 Short side 13 Mounting hole 15 Valve Disc 17 Short side 19 Aperture 21 Short side 23 Bottom side 25 Free space 27 Shock absorbers and / or brakes 29 Apron 31 Mounting hole

Claims

1. A valve device (1) for a piston compressor for generating compressed air in a rail vehicle, the valve device (1) having a valve plate (3) with compressed air openings, the valve device (1) including a valve holder (9) and a valve disk (15) for opening and closing the compressed air openings, the valve disk (15) being flexible and / or movable relative to the valve holder (9), a damping and / or braking device (27) is provided corresponding to the valve disc (15); 1. A valve device (1), characterized in that the valve retainer (9) or the valve disc (15) has an apron (29) which is dimensioned and / or arranged on the valve retainer (9) or the valve disc (15), respectively, with respect to the other component in such a way that when the compressed air opening is opened by the valve disc (15), the apron (29) at least partially surrounds the outer contour of the respective other component.

2. 2. The valve device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the damping and / or braking device (27) comprises an aerodynamic damping device.

3. 3. The valve device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the damping and / or braking device (27) is configured to form an air accumulator between the valve seat (9) and the valve disc (15) when the compressed air opening is opened by the valve disc (15), and air is at least temporarily sealed in the air accumulator for damping and / or braking the valve disc (15).

4. 4. The valve device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the valve disc (15) and the valve retainer (9) are adapted to one another in such a way that the valve disc (15) and the valve retainer (9) can at least partially slide into one another when the compressed air opening is opened by the valve disc (15).

5. 5. The valve device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the apron (29) is manufactured from one piece with the valve seat (9) or the valve disc (15).

6. 6. The valve device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the apron (29) is arranged on an edge of the valve seat or the valve disc (15) and extends along at least 20% of the outline of the valve seat or the valve disc (15).

7. 7. The valve device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the valve disc (15) and the valve support (9) have an elongated shape and are attached to each other in the area of ​​their short sides, and the apron (29) is arranged in the area of ​​the opposite short side.

8. 8. The valve device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the valve disc (15) and the valve seat (9) are formed in a planar shape and the apron (29) extends perpendicularly to the planar extension of the valve disc (15) or the valve seat (9) in the direction of the other component, respectively.

9. 9. The valve device (1) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the height dimension of the apron (29) increases in a direction toward the apron short side from a mounting short side as a base point.

10. 10. The valve device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the valve retainer (9) and the valve disc (15) are adapted to one another in such a way that, when the compressed air opening is opened by the valve disc (15), a gap is provided between the apron (29) and the outer contour of the respective other component surrounded by the apron (29), via which air can flow out of an air accumulator formed between the valve retainer (9) and the valve disc (15).

11. 11. The valve device (1) according to claim 10, wherein the damping and / or braking action of the valve disc (15) is adjustable via the cross section of the gap.

12. 12. The valve device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a valve plate (3) having a compressed air opening, the valve disc (15) being arranged in correspondence with the valve plate (3) such that in a closed state the valve disc (15) closes the compressed air opening, and the damping and / or braking device (27) being configured to damp and / or brake the movement of the valve disc (15) for closing the compressed air opening.

13. 13. The valve device (1) according to claim 12, wherein upon closing of the compressed air opening by the valve disc (15), a negative pressure is formed between the valve seat (9) and the valve disc (15), which negative pressure reduces a closing speed and / or a closing acceleration of the valve disc (15) in the direction of the valve plate (3).

14. A piston compressor for generating compressed air in a rail vehicle, comprising a valve device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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