Sector Rotating Dipping Device

Abstract

An apparatus and method are presented that allows complete slot filling, short cycle times, clean laminated cores, and minimal impregnating agent consumption in the impregnation of round and rectangular wire windings in electrical machines. The invention relates to a sector rotary immersion device for impregnating components of electrical machines in the form of a stator or rotor, in which a rotary immersion tank (6) is divided into a number of sectors with impregnating agent openings (11), which are separated from one another by partitions (7) and in which at least one sealing element (8) connected to the partitions (7) is in contact with the rotating component (1). The invention likewise relates to a method for impregnating a stator or rotor of an electrical machine.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention describes an apparatus and a method that allows impregnating components, in particular the stators or rotors of electrical machines, in a roll dipping process, quickly, efficiently and with complete slot filling, without wetting the outer and / or inner diameters of the laminated cores. [Background technology]

[0002] Particularly in mobile electric drives with high accelerations, enormous power densities and large temperature fluctuations, a reliable and heat-conductive winding fastening is required. In these highly loaded electric machines, uniform heat flow, good mechanical fastening of the windings and best possible electrical insulation are required at all points of the windings. The electrical insulation is usually achieved by means of hardening impregnating agents or varnishes. In this case, as far as possible only the windings and possibly only the slots of the laminated cores should come into contact with the impregnating agent, in order to prevent unnecessary impregnating agent consumption and to avoid undesired sticky or impregnating agent-covered surfaces that deviate from the predetermined tolerances. In this case, it has been found that it is particularly difficult to completely fill the laminated core slots with the impregnating agent, in particular those through which rectangular or round wires are threaded. In this case, it is important to provide the impregnation industrially in a fast, inexpensive and resource-saving manner.

[0003] Up to now, essentially two methods have been used: in the first basic method, the impregnating agent is applied and / or incorporated during rotation of the stator or rotor, referred to below as the component, and in the second basic method, the component is immersed in the impregnating agent, either until it gels in the area of ​​the heated windings, or by building up multiple layers with several immersions, gelling and heating in between. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] European Patent Application Publication No. 0643467 [Patent Document 2] DE 2358782 [Patent Document 3] DE 2737917 [Patent Document 4] DE 10139128 [Patent Document 5] International Publication No. 2014 / 106941 (PCT / JP2013 / 084742) [Patent Document 6] WO 03 / 013810 [Patent Document 7] International Publication No. 2017 / 042013 [Patent Document 8] German Patent Application Publication No. 3631980 [Patent Document 9] Japanese Patent Publication No. 10-271775 [Patent Document 10] Japanese Patent Publication No. 08-317616 [Patent Document 11] European Patent Application Publication No. 0321223 [Patent Document 12] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2005-285933 [Patent Document 13] International Publication No. 2019 / 211461 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Dipping has the advantage of good slot filling and is known to be a fast impregnation method. The disadvantages of this method are the overall contamination of the component due to the adhesion of the impregnating agent with the associated loss of dimensional accuracy, increased consumption of the impregnating agent, environmental degradation due to the discharge of the impregnating agent, and the necessary re-cooling of the impregnating agent.

[0006] In the application of the impregnating agent under rotation, i.e. the drip method, contamination of the laminated core is generally avoided, impregnating agent consumption is minimized and environmental damage is likewise significantly reduced. Problems, however, are the time required for the impregnation process and the associated long gelling times as well as the incomplete filling of the slots of especially long laminated cores with these methods.

[0007] In rotary immersion, a combination of both methods is carried out, which at the same time involves a mixture of advantages and disadvantages of both methods. The stator of an electric machine usually consists of a ring-shaped laminated core with slots running along the inner diameter and into which the windings are inserted. From the flat faces of the laminated core, winding heads (coil ends) protrude, which are used to redirect the copper wire between the slots or to connect the copper wire. Today, the windings are increasingly replaced by copper rods or rectangular wires. In the central hole of the ring-shaped stator, the rotor rotates afterwards. In a conventional rotary immersion device, the stator is supported in its inner diameter by a clamping device.

[0008] The stator, rotating at low speed, is then immersed in a tank filled with a defined impregnating agent level, the level of which is usually determined by an overflow element, by which there is always more impregnating agent supplied than is taken up by the components. During the rotary immersion, the stator is only immersed in the impregnating agent tank to the extent that its inner diameter remains unwetted and therefore uncontaminated. This also applies to the rotor, if the rotor shaft has not yet been installed. If the rotor shaft is already installed, it is only immersed to the extent that it does not come into contact with the impregnating agent. A disadvantage, however, is that the outer diameter of the laminated core is wetted and contaminated with the impregnating agent. In addition, the windings and the flat side of the laminated core slots are only partially immersed compared to the submerged immersion, which leads to longer impregnation times and to a poor filling of the laminated core slots. With components rotating horizontally in a saturant bath, the saturant flows into the slots from both flat sides of the laminated core simultaneously, causing trapped air to prevent slot filling in the center region of the laminated core.

[0009] After being lifted out of the rotating dip tank, as much of the resin on the outer diameter of the laminated core is brushed off and / or blown off as possible before the resin hardens in a subsequent gelling and curing process.

[0010] The rotary dipping method is based on the fact that only one medium can be present in the dipping bath and has the requirement that the impregnating agent is already a reactive material that is usually activated by temperature.

[0011] In conventional rotary immersion methods, more impregnating agent is continuously fed into the immersion tank than the components can take in. The excess impregnating agent flows back into the conveying circuit via filters and coolers. By immersing the entire outer surface of the components, which is usually preheated, the impregnating agent heats up quickly and must be cooled in order to prevent premature reaction. The excessive heat received by the impregnating agent from the components is harmful, hindering and slowing down the impregnation process and wasting energy. In addition, the impregnating agent, which has already been triggered in terms of chemical reactivity, is repeatedly returned to the circuit, which makes an optimal and especially long-term reliable process difficult or even impossible. This prior art is described, for example, in the above-mentioned patent document 1 (EP 0 643 467 A2), the above-mentioned patent document 2 (DE 23 58 782 A1), the above-mentioned patent document 3 (DE 27 37 917 A1), the above-mentioned patent document 4 (DE 101 39 128 A1), the above-mentioned patent document 5 (PCT / JP 2013 / 084742), the above-mentioned patent document 6 (WO 03 / 013810 A1) and the above-mentioned patent document 7 (WO 2017 / 042013 A1).

[0012] DE 36 31 980 A1 presents a method for impregnating the windings of an electric machine, in which an electric machine part is dripped while rotated with its longitudinal axis oriented obliquely to the horizontal and then partially immersed in a resin immersion bath in a horizontal position for rotary immersion, the winding head being additionally poured on, the outer shell of the laminated core being contaminated with resin.

[0013] The above-mentioned Patent Document 9 (JP H10-271775 A) introduces an impregnation method for the rotor of an electric machine, in which drops of an impregnating agent are applied at different oblique positions of a rotating rotor in order to achieve better penetration into the slots through which the windings are passed.

[0014] The above-mentioned patent document 10 (JP H08-317616 A) introduces a method and an apparatus for rotary dip impregnation of slots in a laminated core for a stator, in which the normally used insert-type slot insulation is replaced. The laminated core is taken into the impregnating agent bath at an angle so that air can better escape from the slots. In this case, the laminated core is contaminated with resin both inside and outside. In addition, the level difference along the stator is not pointed out.

[0015] EP 0 321 223 A2 shows an arrangement in which the rotor slots are also insulated by means of rotary immersion before the copper windings are threaded through them, the immersion tank with the insulating medium being in a horizontal position.

[0016] The above-mentioned Patent Document 12 (JP 2005-285933 A) introduces a dipping method, in which a component with windings is placed in an ultrasonically actuated dipping bath in order to fill the voids between the windings and the laminated cores more quickly and better with resin.

[0017] In all the dipping methods introduced, the outer shell of the laminated core becomes contaminated with the impregnating agent.

[0018] In addition, the above-mentioned Patent Document 13 (WO 2019 / 211461 A1) introduces a method in which the impregnating agent is introduced into the laminated core slots using a carrier medium, which is still very expensive at present and is very difficult to realize or has not been possible so far in the small gaps of the rectangular wire windings and especially in the small gaps of the hairpin stator.

[0019] In all the rotary immersion apparatuses used so far and introduced in the above mentioned documents, the stator with a central axial hole for the rotor is submerged in a horizontally positioned rotary immersion tank with an impregnating agent bath to the extent that the resin can flow into the slots of the laminated core, surrounding the windings, and the resin level does not reach or wet the inner diameter of the stator. With deeper immersion, the inner diameter of the laminated core is also contaminated with resin.

[0020] The stator rotates slowly in the resin bath so that the resin can flow and / or diffuse through all the slots around the circumference where the windings are threaded. In this way, not only the windings are impregnated with resin, but also the outer diameter and flat surfaces (end faces) of the laminated core are contaminated with resin. Resin on the laminated core is often a drawback, because it causes problems when fitting into the housing and when sealing the stator due to lack of strength and dimensional accuracy. Resin that adheres to the outer shell of the laminated core is subsequently removed, if possible, by scraping and / or blowing. This results in additional work steps and significantly increases the emission of resin vapors.

[0021] The problem underlying the new solution is therefore to propose an apparatus and a method which allows perfect slot filling, short cycle times, clean laminated cores and minimal impregnating agent consumption in the impregnation of round and rectangular wire windings in electrical machines. [Means for solving the problem]

[0022] According to the invention, the problem is solved by a sector rotary immersion device as specified in claim 1. The subsequent claims show further configurations of the device. Claims 10 onwards define a method having an arrangement for operating the device. That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, A sector rotary immersion device for impregnating components of electrical machines in the form of a stator or rotor, comprising: the rotary immersion tank of the sector rotary immersion device is divided into a number of sectors with impregnating agent openings in order to achieve different impregnating agent levels depending on the component area, the sectors being separated from one another by partitions, at least one sealing element being connected to or constituting the partitions being in contact with the rotating component, at least one sector is provided which is filled with the impregnating agent so that at least one part to be impregnated of one component is impregnated; A sector rotary immersion device is provided, characterized in that More specifically, in the first aspect, A sector rotary immersion device for impregnating windings and lamination core slots in a stator or rotor as a component of an electric machine, comprising: the rotary immersion tank of the sector rotary immersion device is divided into a number of sectors with impregnating agent openings in order to achieve different impregnating agent levels depending on the component area, the rotary immersion tank is tilted or kept horizontal together with the component by means of a swivel unit of the conveying device fixed on a swivel axis, or the rotary immersion tank has a separate drive enabling tilting and linear movements relative to the component, the sectors are separated from one another by partitions, at least one sealing element connected to or constituting the partition being in contact with a component rotating about its axis of rotation; and at least one sector is provided which is filled with the impregnating agent so that at least one part to be impregnated of one component is impregnated; It is characterized by: According to a second aspect of the present invention, A method for impregnating a stator or rotor of an electric machine, carried out by the sector rotary immersion device, comprising the steps of: At least one winding head and at least one flat side of the laminated core slot are in at least one sector filled with the impregnating agent and rotated in a rotary dip tank, which rotate and contact the impregnating agent, while the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the laminated core are free from contact with the impregnating agent; A method is provided that includes: It should be noted that the reference numerals in the claims of the present application are intended solely to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention to the illustrated forms. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0023] In the present invention, the following configurations are possible. (Form 1) A sector rotary immersion device for impregnating components of electrical machines in the form of a stator or rotor, comprising: The rotating immersion tank is divided into a number of sectors having impregnating agent openings, the sectors being separated from one another by partitions, and at least one sealing element connected to the partitions is in contact with the rotating component. (Form 2) The individual partitions are preferably configured at least partially as elastic sealing elements. (Form 3) The rotating component and / or the rotating immersion tank are preferably arranged so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, the rotation axis being connected to a drive which is preferably controlled, and the component is preferably connected via a component support to the transport device and to the drive for rotating the component. (Form 4) It is preferred that the contour of the rotary immersion tank at least partially follows the contour of the components at intervals of 2 mm to 50 mm, and that the deformable sealing elements are provided elastically at their joints, in particular at their ends, or are configured as elongated elements. (Form 5) In particular it is preferred that the winding head rotating dip tank sector has a bottom and / or an impregnating agent reservoir that is inclined in the direction of rotation. (Form 6) The component and / or the impregnating agent are preferably in physical connection with the vibration generator. (Form 7) It is preferred that the rotating dip tank and / or components are at least partially within a vacuum housing. (Form 8) The partition is preferably configured as a sealing element which is elastic and conforms to the component contour, the sealing element preferably consisting of a polymer and / or a spring plate. (Form 9) It is preferred that in particular the sector of the rotary immersion tank which guides the impregnation agent is connected to a cooling device and / or a heating device. (Form 10) A method for impregnating a stator or rotor of an electric machine, the method being carried out by a sector rotary immersion device according to at least one of the first to ninth aspects, The flat sides of the winding head and the laminated core slot are in a sector filled with the impregnating agent and rotate in a rotating dip tank, which rotates and comes into contact with the impregnating agent, while the inner diameter as well as the outer diameter of the laminated core remain free from contact with the impregnating agent. (Form 11) The impregnation process of the rotating components is preferably carried out in a horizontal state or at variable angles of inclination of the rotation axis, the rotating immersion tank being either swiveled together with the components or having a fixed predetermined inclination angle to which the components are swiveled for impregnation. (Form 12) It is preferred that the impregnation of both winding heads and of the laminated core slots through which the windings are threaded takes place in three successive or simultaneous impregnation steps, with the inclined components, in particular the lower winding head, being selectively either flood-impregnated or drop-impregnated with the impregnating agent supplied. (Form 13) Impregnation of the windings in a radially open rotor is preferably carried out with one central sector filled with impregnating agent in a rotating dip tank, the impregnating agent being kept away from the adjacent flat disks and housing parts of the rotor by seals and partitions. (Form 14) Impregnation of the windings in closed rotors with openings in the flat sides is preferably carried out in a rotating immersion tank by two separate sectors filled with impregnating agent, preferably using sealing members and wetting only the areas with holes in the flat sides, the component being preferably tilted towards the end of the impregnation process to drain off excess impregnating agent. (Form 15) Preferably, the rotating dip tank, which is rotatable in a vertical direction with respect to the axis of rotation of the component, has an impregnating agent reservoir built into it, and by vertical rotation the impregnating agent is transferred from the impregnating agent reservoir to at least one impregnation sector of the rotating dip tank, the impregnating agent flowing back into the impregnating agent reservoir by rotation back to the horizontal state, so that the impregnating agent does not have to be supplied and discharged also for each new component of the rotating dip tank, and is thereby quickly provided to the impregnation point. (Form 16) The rotating dip tank is supplied with exactly the same amount of impregnating agent as the components take up, the dip tank is temperature regulated and the contours and dimensions of the tank preferably have a small gap of 2 to 50 mm at least in the sectors filled with impregnating agent in order to reduce the residence time of the impregnating agent in the rotating dip tank and, due to the reduced contact surface and contact time, to reduce heat loss from the components. (Form 17) It is preferred that the impregnating agent present in a sector of the rotary dip tank is brought into a reserve container, preferably configured as a cylinder, before the component is removed from the rotary dip tank, and thus before the end of contact between the sealing element and the component, and is returned into the rotary dip tank after the intake of the next component, the subsequent supply of impregnating agent corresponding exactly to the amount that the component currently receives or should receive in the respective sector.

[0024] The disclosed sector rotary impregnation machine is a new configuration of rotary impregnation machine for introducing impregnating agents such as resins into the spaces between the lamination core slots and the windings, as well as into the spaces between the windings at the winding head. Impregnation is used for additional insulation, better heat transfer, and mechanical fixation of the copper members called windings.

[0025] A special configuration of the sector rotary immersion apparatus is the immersion tank divided into sectors as well as sealing elements introduced between the components and the immersion tank or partitions. The partitions define sectors in the rotary immersion tank. The sealing elements ensure that the resin levels in the individual sectors only meet up to the points of the components where the sealing elements connected to the partitions meet.

[0026] The rotating dip tank divided into sectors allows different resin levels in the various sectors, which in turn allow areas in the rotating dip tank that are filled with impregnating agent and empty areas that are located next to each other, and it is therefore possible for the first time to tilt the rotating dip tank filled with liquid medium and thereby generate different liquid levels in the rotating dip tank.

[0027] The sector rotary dipping device is distinguished by the fact that rotary dipping of tilted components is possible for the first time, and in addition, in both the tilted component position and the horizontal component position, the shell surface with the largest outer diameter remains free from the impregnating agent. By tilting the components, gravity can be used in addition to the capillary action to fill the laminated core slots through which the windings are threaded. The unilateral filling of the slots with impregnating agent, which is thereby possible, avoids the inclusion of air in the central region of the slots, which would otherwise occur during rotary dipping.

[0028] The sector rotary immersion device is characterized by a rotary immersion tank divided into sectors in order to achieve different impregnating agent levels depending on the component area. This makes it possible, for example, to rotate the winding head of a stator in an impregnating agent bath without wetting and soiling the outer shell of a laminated core of a larger or equal diameter. The partitions between the sectors of the immersion tank preferably have sealing elements in the contact area with the component. Alternatively, the partitions themselves are configured as flexible sealing elements, which selectively already have or are configured to match the contour of the component at the point to be sealed.

[0029] The rotating immersion tank of the disclosed device is either coupled to the swivel unit of the component transport unit and tilted together with the component or has a separate drive that can perform independent or synchronized tilt angles and linear movements for the component. The partitions of the rotating immersion tank are fixedly positioned or provided slidably, manually and / or electrically, as required, so that the sectors can be adapted to different components and, possibly, the partitions with sealing elements can be brought into contact with the sealing surfaces of the components and pressed with different strengths. Both the partitions and the sealing elements are replaceable.

[0030] In order to prevent the impregnating agent already induced in the chemical reaction by the heating of the components from flowing back into the circuit and to ensure a continuously reliable process, it has been proposed to adapt the rotary immersion tank to the contour of the components (for example, the distance between the contour of the rotary immersion tank and the contour of the components can be at least partially between 2 mm and 50 mm). As a result, less impregnating agent is required in the tank, which on the one hand shortens the residence time in the tank in normal series production, and on the other hand greatly favors the proportion of heated impregnating agent in the rotary immersion tank compared to the freshly supplied cold impregnating agent. As only the surfaces to be impregnated are in contact with the impregnating agent, the heat transferred from the components to the impregnating agent is significantly less. Returning the impregnating agent is no longer necessary for this reason either, and a cooled immersion tank is already sufficient to dissipate the excess heat. The shape of the rotary immersion tank adapted to the components and the associated novel features ensure a timely treatment of the once heated and thus activated impregnating agent.

[0031] If the loading and unloading of the components takes place in a horizontal position and, in common to both, a tilting is performed for the rotary immersion of the sectors in the tilted position, then an immersion tank specially designed for this purpose is recommended. An immersion tank designed for tilted use preferably has at least one reservoir for the impregnating agent. This impregnating agent reservoir has the function of discharging (or emptying) in the immersion tank in the tilted working position at least insofar as the sectors to be filled with impregnating agent reach the desired level. In the horizontal rest position, the impregnating agent reservoir thus serves to receive the impregnating agent from the impregnating sectors and to store it there until it is required again.

[0032] The impregnating agent which flows over the partition which is not provided with a sealing element and thus defines a level reaches a separate impregnating agent reservoir or intermediate storage and is supplied in the (sector rotation immersion of) the next component.

[0033] The partitions are used to direct the impregnating agent away from those parts of the component that should not be impregnated, thereby significantly reducing the impregnating agent consumption, preventing the impregnating agent from receiving heat at those parts and avoiding the contamination of the component at those dimensionally sensitive parts. The partitions are therefore equipped with sealing elements that are particularly adaptable to the component contour. Alternatively, the partitions themselves are configured as flexible sealing elements, for example made of rubber. It is recommended to configure these sealing elements to be adaptable to the component contour. With contour-adaptable sealing elements and / or partitions, the impregnating agent remains in the impregnation sector at the end. The immersion of the component causes the level of the impregnating agent to rise, whereas the sealing element is lowered under its close contact with the component contour. The maximum level is determined by the height-adjustable partitions. Alternatively, it is recommended to control the level by the impregnating agent supply flow rate compared to the impregnating agent uptake by the component. That is, exactly the same amount of impregnation agent is supplied as is taken up or should be taken up by the component. This method allows for a small, component-specific quantitative compensation of the impregnation agent. The taken-up mass of impregnation agent is preferably additionally determined by weighing the component before and after impregnation.

[0034] If the sealing elements and / or partitions are already configured to have the contour of the area of ​​the component to be sealed, the impregnating agent is at least partially returned to the impregnating agent reservoir or intermediate storage before the component is removed from the tank in order to avoid overflow of the impregnating agent beyond the contour of the sealing elements. After the positioning of the new component in the immersion tank and the associated sealing, the impregnating agent is returned to the immersion sector. During the impregnation, preferably only the amount of impregnating agent currently taken up by the component is subsequently supplied. This makes it possible for the first time to realize a rotary immersion impregnation solution without overflow. If the impregnating agent cannot flow back due to the rotary immersion tank configuration or the method used, for example because the rotary immersion tank is not rotated, a reserve container, preferably in the form of a hydraulically connected cylinder, is used to temporarily receive the impregnating agent from the individual sectors. When the impregnation is completed, the cylinder sucks at least the majority of the impregnating agent via the bottom opening before the removal of the component and quickly supplies it to the corresponding sector of the rotary immersion tank after the positioning of the new component. In this case, the amount and therefore the level remain the same, i.e. only the amount of impregnation agent that is or can be taken up by the component in the respective sector at each time is supplied. The closeness of the rotary immersion tank to the contour of the component also makes it possible to significantly reduce the amount of impregnation agent stored in the respective segment, so that the impregnation agent that has been supplied once and is heated only remains in the rotary immersion tank for a short time. To protect the impregnation agent from excessive heating by the normally preheated components, on the one hand, a large part of the freshly supplied cold impregnation agent is helped, and on the other hand, by the cooled rotary immersion tank and, if appropriate, by a cooled cylinder for receiving the impregnation agent.

[0035] The sector rotary immersion device is optionally equipped with a vacuum chamber, which allows impregnation with sufficient air removal. The vacuum chamber optionally encloses only the components together with the rotary immersion tank or the entire rotary immersion station. By optionally vacuum-tightly enclosing the components and the immersion tank, the impregnating agent is prepared under vacuum before use, i.e. degassed and dehumidified. In order that the impregnating agent does not come into contact with moist ambient air during removal and introduction of the components, a vacuum-tight impregnating agent reservoir is provided for the impregnating agent. The impregnating agent is then brought into the impregnating agent reservoir before ventilation and is pushed back into the immersion sector after evacuation. In this case, a cylinder is preferably used as the impregnating agent reservoir. In order to make the evacuated space as small as possible and to keep the energy demands low, it is proposed to configure the immersion tank as the lower part of a horizontally divided vacuum chamber. Only the component support to be sealed protrudes into the vacuum chamber, its shaft being surrounded by both chamber halves. The vertical axis of the immersion tank or the lower vacuum chamber half is thus simultaneously used for opening the chamber and for adapting the immersion depth for the component in the impregnating agent. By evacuating the component, and in particular the cavities in the component which are to be filled with the impregnating agent, these cavities are filled more quickly and more extensively with the impregnating agent.

[0036] By using vibrations acting on the impregnating agent and / or components, in particular vibrations of high frequency in the ultrasonic range, a better filling and wetting of the voids around the windings is achieved, whereby the impregnation time is further reduced. Depending on the medium and the components, frequencies from 20 Hz to 20 MHz are used for this purpose. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0037] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of a pivotable one-sector rotary immersion device. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 shows a tilted rotating immersion tank 6 in cross section and a component 1 in side view in a tilted impregnation position. [Diagram 3]1 shows a cross-sectional view of the rotating immersion tank 6, a side view of the component 1 during loading and unloading of the component 1, and an illustration of the impregnating agent 12 in the impregnating agent reservoir 9. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 shows a top view of an exemplary embodiment of a rotating immersion tank 6 with multiple sectors for different functions. EXAMPLES

[0038] According to Fig. 1, the sector rotary immersion device is used for rotary immersion impregnation of windings 2 of a component 1 of an electric machine, in particular the windings 2 of a stator or rotor. The component 1 is supported during the impregnation process by a component support 5 and rotates in predefined positions of the sector rotary immersion device, in particular in a rotary immersion tank 6, which are predefined by a predefined program. The stationary rotational drive of the component 1 about its rotation axis 17 is realised by counter-rotating chain pairs in a conveying device 19, which act on chain wheels (sprockets) fixed on the component support 5.

[0039] The rotating immersion tank 6 of the disclosed device is coupled to a swivel unit of the conveying device 19 fixed on a swivel axis 16 and tilted together with the component 1 or has a separate drive, which allows to follow the tilt angle of the component 1 independently or synchronously and to perform a linear movement relative to the component 1 via at least one linear axis 15. The linear axis 15, the swivel axis 16 and the translational and rotational movements of the component 1 around the rotation axis 17 are driven by actuators 18. The partitions 7 in the rotating immersion tank 6 are fixedly positioned or are provided so as to be slidable manually and / or electrically, depending on the requirements. This allows the sectors to be adapted to different components 1 and, if necessary, the partitions 7 with the sealing elements 8 can be brought into contact with the sealing surfaces of the component 1 and pressed with different strengths. Both the partition 7 and the sealing element 8 are replaceable.

[0040] The component support 5 has an integrated clamping device which allows a central fixation of the different components 1 to the component support 5. The component support 5 with the integrated clamping device allows the exchange of the components 1 at predefined points and a reliable transport of the rotating components 1 through the entire device. The translational movement of the component 1 with simultaneous rotation is achieved by different speeds and / or directions of movement of the chains of the transport device 19 which are driven via shafts and chain wheels. The chain wheels of the component support 5 also engage with the chains which are driven by the actuator 18.

[0041] As a component 1, in particular the stator, it is essentially composed of a laminated core (laminated iron core) and windings 2, which may be composed of round or rectangular wires or hairpins. The windings 2 are provided in laminated core slots 4 located on the inside of the stator. The direction change and connection parts of the wires or hairpins called windings 2, which are located on the outside of the laminated core, are called winding heads (coil ends) 3.

[0042] The rotating immersion tank 6 is specially designed so that the contour of the laminated core remains as free as possible from the impregnating agent 12, while only the winding head 3 and the windings 2 inserted in the laminated core slots 4 come into contact with the impregnating agent 12. As suggested in the drawing, this is achieved by partitions 7, which are provided in the rotating immersion tank 6 and which are provided with sealing elements 8 or at least partially consist of sealing elements 8. In the latter case, the partitions 7 preferably consist of an elastomer which matches the contour of the component 1 and simultaneously serves as the sealing element 8. This rotating immersion tank configuration makes it possible to achieve different impregnating agent levels in adjacent sectors of the rotating immersion tank 6 and thus to determine which parts of the component 1 come into contact with the impregnating agent 12. That is to say, for example, for the winding head 3 of the stator, immersion sectors 13 are defined in the rotating immersion tank 6, which are filled with the impregnating agent 12 via the impregnating agent openings 11.

[0043] Sectors with lamination cores that should not be impregnated remain empty, i.e. the impregnating agent 12 can only reach the winding head 3 and lamination core slots 4 if the stator is immersed up to the bottom end of the inner diameter. Due to the slow rotation speed, the winding head 3 and lamination core slots 4 are filled with impregnating agent 12 all around, whereas the inner and outer diameters of the lamination cores remain clean.

[0044] In rotors, especially closed rotors with an outer jacket, sealing is performed at the flat end faces, so that the impregnating agent 12 can only flow in and out of the flat end faces, and only the annular surface of the flat side is wetted.

[0045] In FIG. 2 an exemplary rotary immersion tank 6 for rotary immersion impregnation with partitions 7 and sealing elements 8 fixed to the partitions 7 is shown in a cross-section in an inclined position, whereas the stator, which is clamped on the component support 5, is in the impregnation position and can be seen uncut and in a side view. A number of sectors separated by the partitions 7 can be seen. The individual sectors are provided with impregnating agent openings 11, which serve both as inlet and outlet for the impregnating agent 12. Some of the partitions 7 do not have sealing elements 8 and are therefore lower than the partitions 7 with the sealing elements 8 integrated or attached thereto. These partitions 7 serve as impregnating agent overflows 10, i.e. provide a level limit. A uniform impregnating agent level and therefore a reliable immersion depth can be achieved quickly and reproducibly. The overflowing impregnating agent 12 is either returned to its original sector by the rotation of the rotary immersion tank 6 or collected in its own sector and sent preferentially to the impregnating agent supply.

[0046] In the illustrated embodiment, the higher immersion sector 13 of the rotating immersion tank 6 (left side in FIG. 2) simultaneously serves as the impregnating agent reservoir 9 as soon as the rotating immersion tank 6 is brought to a horizontal position. As shown in FIG. 3, by pivoting the rotating immersion tank 6 to a horizontal position, the impregnating agent 12 flows back into the lowered areas, so that the impregnating agent level in the area of ​​the component 1 falls below the lowest point of the sealing element 8 or the partition 7. As a result, when removing the component 1, the impregnating agent 12 does not flow over the sealing element 8 and the previously existing level is immediately reached by pivoting (tilting) the new component 1 (with the installation of the component 1) without the supply and discharge of the impregnating agent 12. The supply of the impregnating agent 12 and, optionally, also the discharge of the impregnating agent 12 takes place via the impregnating agent opening 11. Furthermore, the level of the impregnating agent 12 is limited by the impregnating agent overflow 10. The overflowing impregnating agent 12 is captured and possibly drained in an overflow sector 14, as can be seen in Fig. 3. This ensures, on the one hand, that the impregnating agent level does not rise above the lower end of the bore (see the left and right levels in Fig. 2) and therefore that the impregnating agent 12 does not contaminate the internal space of the stator, and, on the other hand, that the sector in which the laminated cores are located remains free from the impregnating agent 12.

[0047] The immersion depth of the component 1 in the impregnating agent 12 is determined by the freely programmable position of the component 1 relative to the rotating immersion tank 6. The embodiment of the rotating immersion tank shown in FIG. 2 is designed in the immersion area with a partition 7 and a sealing element 8 which are adapted to the component contour. The illustrated circular sealing element 8 is preferably designed as a sealing lip, so that the impregnating agent 12 residues do not spill out when the component 1 is lifted. Due to the axial mobility of the rotating immersion tank 6 and the tilt of the rotating immersion tank independent of the component tilt, the capture of the component 1 between the sealing elements can thus be achieved even if the partition 7 and the sealing element 8 fixed to the partition 7 are arranged non-slidably in the rotating immersion tank 6.

[0048] The impregnation of the tilted components 1, in particular the impregnation of the stator, is in the proposed manner realised not only by the lamination core slot 4 with the windings 2 therein being impregnated from the upper (top left) immersion sector 13, but also by the winding head 3 on the opposite side (bottom right) being impregnated through the lamination core slot 4, even with only one sealing element 8. In the shown version of the rotary immersion tank 6, the lower immersion sector 13 is likewise filled with impregnating agent 12 via the impregnating agent openings 11, thus allowing immersion impregnation of the lower positioned winding head 3 at the same time.

[0049] 3 one can see the dual function of the impregnating agent reservoir 9, which is at the same time an immersion sector 13. In the horizontal position, the level of the impregnating agent 12 is lowered to such an extent that it does not flow over the sealing element 8 when the component 1 is removed.

[0050] The rotating immersion tank 6 illustrated in FIG. 4 includes a number of partitions 7, which seal the tank and are mounted in various positions depending on the component dimensions. The partitions 7 are exchangeable, so that their height and shape can be changed. In an alternatively proposed embodiment, the partitions 7 are provided so as to be infinitely slidable and can be positioned manually or automatically using a linear drive. The maximum impregnating agent level height in the tank is determined by the height of the partitions 7 themselves or by a sliding element that is adjustable in height. These sliding elements or, in their absence, a partition 7 without a sealing element 8 is optionally used as an impregnating agent overflow 10. The overflowing impregnating agent 12 is preferably captured in an overflow sector 14 and fed to the impregnating agent inflow. In the absence of a special overflow sector 14, an adjacent sector with an impregnating agent opening 11, which is not overflowing with impregnating agent 12, is used as such a sector. The central region of the partition 7 is configured as a curved section according to the component contour at the point to be sealed. The sealing element 8 runs along the curved contour and is sealingly but replaceably connected to the partition 7. The ends of the sealing element 8, made of polymer or metal, are shaped towards the outside in order to recapture the impregnating agent 12 which sporadically escapes to the outside at the flat surface (of the component 1). [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 1. Components 2 Windings 3 Winding Head 4 Laminated Core Slot 5 Component Support 6 Rotating Immersion Tank 7 Bulkhead 8 Sealing elements 9 Impregnating agent reservoir 10 Impregnating agent overflow 11 Impregnating agent opening 12 Impregnating agent 13 Immersed Sector 14 Spillover Sector 15 Linear axis 16 Swivel axis 17 Rotation axis 18 Actuators 19 Conveyor equipment

Claims

1. A sector rotary immersion apparatus for impregnating windings and lamination core slots in a stator or rotor as a component of an electric machine, comprising: the rotary immersion tank (6) of the sector rotary immersion device is divided into a number of sectors with impregnating agent openings (11) in order to achieve different impregnating agent levels depending on the component area, the rotary immersion tank (6) is tilted or kept horizontal together with the component (1) by means of a swivel unit of the conveying device (19) fixed on a swivel axis (16) or the rotary immersion tank (6) has a separate drive enabling tilting and linear movements relative to the component (1); the sectors are separated from one another by partitions (7) and at least one sealing element (8) connected to or constituting the partitions (7) is in contact with the component (1) which rotates about an axis of rotation (17); and at least one sector is provided which is filled with the impregnating agent (12) so that at least one part to be impregnated of one component (1) is impregnated; A sector rotary immersion device characterized by:

2. the individual partitions (7) are at least partially configured as elastic sealing elements (8); 2. The sector rotary immersion device according to claim 1,

3. A component (1) rotating about a rotation axis (17) and / or a rotating immersion tank (6) are arranged to be rotatable in a vertical direction, the rotation axis is connected to a controlled drive unit, and the component (1) is connected via a component support (5) to a conveying device (19) and a drive unit (18) for rotating the component, 3. The sector rotary immersion device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that

4. the contour of the rotary immersion tank (6) at least partially follows the contour of the component (1) at an interval of 2 mm to 50 mm, the deformable sealing elements (8) being provided elastically or configured as elongated elements at their joints to the bulkheads (7) or at their ends, The sector rotary immersion device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

5. the winding head rotating immersion tank sector has a bottom and / or an impregnating agent reservoir (9) inclined in the direction of rotation; The sector rotary immersion device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that

6. the component (1) and / or the impregnating agent (12) are in physical connection with a vibration generator; The sector rotary immersion device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that

7. the rotating immersion tank (6) and / or the component (1) are at least partially within a vacuum housing; The sector rotary immersion device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that

8. the partition (7) is configured as a sealing element (8) which is elastic and conforms to the contour of the component, the sealing element (8) being made of a polymer and / or a spring plate; The sector rotary immersion device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that

9. the sector of the rotary immersion tank (6) which guides the impregnation agent is connected to a cooling and / or heating device; The sector rotary immersion device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that

10. A method for impregnating a stator or rotor of an electric machine, carried out by a sector rotary immersion device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: At least one winding head (3) and at least one flat side of the laminated core slot (4) are in at least one sector filled with the impregnating agent (12) and rotated in the rotary immersion tank (6), which rotate and come into contact with the impregnating agent (12), while the inner diameter as well as the outer diameter of the laminated core are free from contact with the impregnating agent; The method comprising:

11. The impregnation process of the component (1) rotating about the rotation axis (17) is carried out in a horizontal state or at a variable inclination angle of the rotation axis (17), and the rotating immersion tank (6) is rotated together with the component (1) or the rotating immersion tank (6) has a fixed, predetermined inclination angle and the component (1) is rotated to this predetermined inclination angle for impregnation; The method according to claim 10, characterized in that

12. the impregnation of both winding heads (3) and of the laminated core slots (4) through which the windings (2) are threaded is carried out by successive or simultaneous impregnation of the three parts, in which, in the tilted component (1), the lower winding head (3) is selectively flood-impregnated or drip-impregnated with the impregnating agent (12) provided, 12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that

13. the impregnation of the windings (2) in the radially open rotor is carried out by one central sector filled with impregnating agent (12) in a rotating immersion tank (6), the impregnating agent (12) being kept away from the flat sides of the rotor by seals and partitions (7); The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that

14. the impregnation of the windings (2) in the closed rotor with openings in the flat sides is carried out in a rotating immersion tank (6) by means of two separate sectors filled with the impregnating agent (12), these sectors wetting only the areas with holes in the flat sides by means of sealing members, the component (1) being tilted at the end of the impregnation process in order to drain off the excess impregnating agent (12); The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that

15. the rotating immersion tank (6) being rotatable in a vertical direction and therefore rotatable perpendicularly with respect to the axis of rotation (17) of the component (1), uses an impregnating agent reservoir (9) integrated in the rotating immersion tank (6) and, by means of a vertical rotation, transfers the impregnating agent (12) from the impregnating agent reservoir (9) to at least one impregnation sector of the rotating immersion tank (6), the impregnating agent (12) flowing back into the impregnating agent reservoir (9) by means of a rotation back to a horizontal state, so that the impregnating agent (12) does not have to be supplied and discharged also with respect to each new component (1) of the rotating immersion tank (6) and is thereby quickly provided to the impregnation point; The method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that

16. the rotating dip tank (6) is supplied with exactly the same amount of impregnating agent (12) as the component (1) takes in, the rotating dip tank (6) is temperature-regulated and the contour of the rotating dip tank (6) has a distance of 2 mm to 50 mm to the contour of the component (1) at least in the sector filled with the impregnating agent (12) in order to reduce the residence time of the impregnating agent (12) in the rotating dip tank (6) and, due to the reduced contact surface and contact time, to reduce the heat loss from the component (1), The method according to any one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that

17. the impregnating agent (12) present in a sector of the rotary immersion tank (6) is brought into a reserve container configured as a cylinder before the removal of the component (1) from the rotary immersion tank (6), and thus before the end of the contact between the sealing element (8) and the component (1), and is returned into the rotary immersion tank (6) after the intake of the next component (1), the subsequent supply of impregnating agent (12) corresponding exactly to the amount that the component (1) currently receives or should receive in the respective sector, The method according to any one of claims 10 to 16, characterized in that

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