Roller stamp

Abstract

To easily generate a graphic that causes an illusion, on a surface of an object.SOLUTION: A roller stamp has a stamp face formed on a rotatable roller, where the stamp face is formed so that basic patterns in illusory design are continuously stamped thereon. An integer number of stamp-face patterns constituted of a concave region corresponding to a first region in the basic pattern and a convex region corresponding to a second region in the basic pattern are formed, without space, in a rotating direction of a roller, on the stamp face. A length of the convex region along the rotating direction of the roller is shorter than a length of the stamp-face pattern along the rotating direction. A surface region of the convex region is a region formed in a shape in which a belt-like region along the rotating direction is excluded from a region having a curved contour. The basic pattern is a graphic pattern obtained by making ink adhere to the second region using the convex region, without making ink adhere to the first region using the concave region.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a technique for producing an optical illusion. [Background technology]

[0002] In the world of art and design, techniques that use various optical illusions based on shapes are used. For example, it has been a long time since optical illusions such as optical illusion art were created by sticking black tape on white objects (see, for example, non-patent literature 1, 2, etc.). [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0003] [Non-Patent Document 1] Darel Carey, “Topographical space No.1 Time-Lapse”, [online], 2016, [Retrieved July 25, 2019], Internet<https: / / www.darelcarey.com / art> [Non-Patent Document 2] Buff Diss, “Queenwise”, [online], 2013, [Retrieved July 25, 2019], Internet<https: / / vimeo.com / 128037813> Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in order to create optical illusions using conventional methods, specialized knowledge is required as to what kind of application method will produce what kind of optical illusion, and not everyone can easily create optical illusions and enjoy them. This problem is not limited to applications where tape is applied, but is also common to applications where drawings are used. Furthermore, this problem is not limited to optical illusions, but is common to applications where figures that utilize optical illusions are generated on the surface of an object.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and has an object to easily generate figures that produce optical illusions on the surface of an object. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A roller stamp is provided in which a printing surface is formed on a rotatable roller, and the printing surface is formed so that a basic pattern of an optical illusion pattern is continuously imprinted.

[0007] The printing surface has an integer number of printing surface patterns formed with no gaps in the direction of rotation of the roller, each of which is composed of a concave region corresponding to a first region of the basic pattern and a convex region corresponding to a second region of the basic pattern, the length of the convex region along the direction of rotation of the roller is shorter than the length of the printing surface pattern along the direction of rotation, and the surface area of ​​the convex region is an area shaped in such a way that a band-shaped region along the direction of rotation has been removed from an area with a curved outline, and the basic pattern is a graphic pattern obtained by applying ink to the second region using the convex region without applying ink to the first region using the concave region. Effect of the Invention

[0008] This makes it easy to generate figures that create optical illusions on the surface of an object. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a roller stamp according to a first embodiment and a roller stamp according to a second embodiment. [Diagram 2] Fig. 2A is a front view illustrating a roller according to a first example of the first embodiment, and Fig. 2B is a development view illustrating a printing surface of the roller according to the first example of the first embodiment. [Diagram 3] Fig. 3A is a plan view showing an example of a series of basic patterns of the subjective contour illusion imprinted by the stamping surface of Fig. 2B, and Fig. 3B is a perspective view showing an example of a series of basic patterns of the subjective contour illusion imprinted by a roller stamp having the stamping surface of Fig. 2B. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a development view illustrating a printing surface of a roller in a second example of the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating a series of basic patterns of a three-dimensional optical illusion created by dazzle camouflage imprinted by the seal face of FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a development view illustrating the printing surface of the roller of the first example of the second embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a series of basic patterns of an SFS (Shape From Shading) type optical illusion imprinted by the seal face of FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of continuously imprinting the basic patterns of SFS-type optical illusions using a roller stamp having the printing surface of FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a development view illustrating the printing surface of the roller in the second example of the second embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a series of basic patterns of the Café Wall illusion imprinted by the seal of FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating the cafe wall illusion pattern formed by imprinting with a roller stamp having the printing surface of FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a development illustrating a printing surface of a roller in a modified example of the second example of the second embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a plan view illustrating a series of basic patterns of the Café Wall illusion imprinted by the seal of FIG. 12. [Figure 14] Fig. 14A is a conceptual diagram illustrating a writing implement according to a third embodiment, and Fig. 14B is an enlarged view illustrating a tip portion of the writing implement according to the third embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating how each region is depicted at the tip portion of FIG. 14B. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a plan view illustrating a state in which a first region, a second region, and a third region are formed on an object on which characters are written by the tip portion of FIG. 14B. [Figure 17]FIG. 17 is a plan view for explaining a modification of the tip portion of the writing implement of the third embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. [First embodiment] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In the first embodiment, a roller stamp for forming an optical illusion pattern based on two luminances on the surface of an object will be described.

[0011] As illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the roller stamp 1 of this embodiment has a roller 11 and a base 12. The roller 11 is, for example, a cylindrical member, and is supported by the base 12 so as to be rotatable around the central axis O of the roller 11. In the example of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the roller 11 is supported by the base 12 so as to be rotatable in the Z direction and in the opposite direction to the Z direction around the central axis O of the roller 11. A printing surface 11a is formed on the roller 11 which can rotate in this manner. In the example of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the printing surface 11a is formed on the entire outer circumferential surface of the roller 11. The printing surface 11a is an uneven surface formed so that the basic pattern of the optical illusion pattern can be continuously imprinted. There is no limitation on the basic pattern of the optical illusion pattern.

[0012] [[First Example of First Embodiment]] As a first example, an example is shown in which a graphic pattern in which a band-shaped area along a line penetrating a circle is removed from a circular area, which is one of the basic patterns of the Illusory Contour Illusion (hereinafter referred to as IC illusion), is used as the basic pattern of the illusion design. FIG. 2A illustrates a front view of a roller 11 that can continuously imprint this basic pattern, and FIG. 2B illustrates a development of the printing surface 11a of the roller 11 in FIG. 2A (a development of the entire outer circumferential surface of the roller 11). As illustrated in FIG. 2B, the development of the printing surface 11a is an area with a rectangular outline, and the printing surface 11a has convex areas 11aa, 11ab and concave area 11ac. The area of ​​the printing surface 11a other than the convex areas 11aa, 11ab is the concave area 11ac. For example, in the development of FIG. 2B, the surfaces of the convex areas 11aa, 11ab are approximately flat, and the convex areas 11aa, 11ab are areas that protrude relative to the concave area 11ac. For example, in the development view of FIG. 2B, the surface areas of the convex regions 11aa, 11ab are two regions obtained by removing the strip region 11acc having two sides parallel to the Z direction from the circular region. The length of the outer periphery of the roller 11 in the Z direction is longer than the diameter of the circular region by a length M. An example of "approximately α" is "α". However, "approximately α" does not have to be "α" strictly speaking, and anything equivalent to "α" may be treated as "approximately α" as long as the effect of the present invention can be obtained.

[0013] When stamping with the roller stamp 1, the user 101 holds the base 12 and applies ink to the entire surface of the convex areas 11aa, 11ab of the stamp surface 11a using, for example, an ink pad, and then stamps the target 102 (for example, a wall, a floor, a piece of paper, a three-dimensional object, etc.) while rotating the roller 11. In this case, ink with a different luminance from the luminance of the target 102 is used.

[0014] 3A shows an illusion pattern formed by moving a roller stamp 1 with black ink applied to the entire surface of the convex regions 11aa, 11ab of the stamp face 11a in a straight line (Y direction) while rotating the roller 11 three times to imprint on the surface of the object 102, which is a white plane, and the pattern is three consecutive basic patterns 103 of the IC illusion surrounded by a two-dot chain line in a straight line (Y direction). Each basic pattern 103 includes black regions 103a, 103b with ink applied all over and a white region 103c with no ink applied. The black regions 103a, 103b are two regions obtained by removing a strip-shaped region 103cc with two sides parallel to the Y direction from a circular region. That is, by moving the roller stamp 1 in a straight line and rotating the roller multiple times to imprint, a graphic pattern in which strip regions along a line penetrating a circle are removed from a circular region can be continuously formed in a straight line at a predetermined interval M on the surface of the object 102, and a pattern that produces an IC illusion can be easily generated on the surface of the object 102. Note that the subjective contour illusion (IC illusion) is an optical illusion in which, in the example of FIG. 3A, a line that continues from the strip regions 103cc between adjacent strip regions 103cc appears to exist, or a line that connects the strip regions 103cc behind a circular hole or window appears to exist. The subjective contour illusion itself is well known.

[0015] The roller stamp 1 of the first example may be made to be able to imprint not only in a straight line but also in a curved line. Such a roller stamp 1 may be realized by forming the roller 11 from a soft material such as rubber. FIG. 3B shows an example in which the roller stamp 1, which has black ink on the entire surface of the convex regions 11aa and 11ab of the stamping surface 11a, is moved in a curved line on the surface of the target 102, which is a white flat surface, while rotating the roller 11 multiple times to imprint. This imprinting can form an optical illusion pattern in which a graphic pattern in which a belt-shaped region having two curved sides parallel to the direction in which the roller stamp 1 is moved is removed from a circular region, and the graphic pattern is continuous in a curved line at intervals on the surface of the target 102, allowing the user to perceive the existence of a curve connecting the belt-shaped regions.

[0016] [[Second Example of First Embodiment]] As a second example, a roller stamp 3 having a roller 31 including a printing surface 31a formed so as to be able to continuously imprint a basic pattern of a three-dimensional optical illusion by dazzle camouflage (hereinafter referred to as "dazzle illusion" for convenience) as a basic pattern of an optical illusion pattern will be described. The roller stamp 3 of the second example of the first embodiment is obtained by replacing the roller 11 of the roller stamp 1 described in the first example of the first embodiment with the roller 31. Moreover, the roller 31 is obtained by replacing the printing surface 11a of the roller 11 with the printing surface 31a, and the configuration other than the printing surface 31a is the same as that of the roller 11.

[0017] Fig. 4 shows a development (a development of the entire outer circumferential surface of roller 31) illustrating printing surface 31a of roller 31 that can continuously imprint basic pattern 303 of the dazzle illusion shown in Fig. 5. The development of printing surface 31a shown in Fig. 4 is an area with a rectangular outline, and is composed of concave-convex areas 31aa and 31ab. Convex-convex area 31aa is composed of multiple belt-shaped convex areas 31aaa and concave areas 31aab that are alternately arranged substantially parallel to each other. Convex-convex area 31ab is composed of multiple belt-shaped convex areas 31aba and concave areas 31abb that are alternately arranged substantially parallel to each other. The lengths of convex areas 31aaa, 31aba and concave areas 31aab, 31abb in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (the widths of convex areas 31aaa, 31aba and concave areas 31aab, 31abb) are substantially the same. In the example of Fig. 4, the surfaces of the convex regions 31aaa and 31aba are substantially flat, and the convex regions 31aaa and 31aba are regions that protrude relative to the concave regions 31aab and 31abb. On two sides (the right side and the left side of the rectangle in Fig. 4) perpendicular to the Z direction of the rectangle in Fig. 4, the positions of the multiple strip-shaped regions 31aaa, 31aab, 31aba, and 31abb coincide with each other. Also, in the example of Fig. 4, the strip-shaped regions 31aaa and 31aab of the concave-convex region 31aa are inclined downward to the left by a predetermined angle θ1 with respect to the Z direction, and the strip-shaped regions 31aba and 31abb of the concave-convex region 31ab are inclined downward to the right by an angle θ1 with respect to the Z direction, and the positions of the strip-shaped regions 31aaa, 31aba, 31aab, and 31abb coincide with each other on the center line 31ae.

[0018] The stamping method of the roller stamp 3 is the same as the stamping method of the roller stamp 1 described in the first example of the first embodiment, except that the roller 11 on which the printing surface 11a is formed is replaced with a roller 31 on which the printing surface 31a is formed.

[0019] 5 shows a pattern formed by pressing a roller stamp 3 with black ink on the entire surface of the convex regions 31aaa, 31aba of the stamping surface 31a in a straight line (Y direction) while rotating the roller 31 twice, on the surface of the target 102, which is a white flat surface. The pattern is two consecutive basic patterns 303 of the dazzle illusion surrounded by a two-dot chain line in a straight line (Y direction). Each basic pattern 303 is composed of regions 303a and 303b. Region 303a is a striped pattern region in which black belt-like regions 303aa with ink applied all over and white belt-like regions 303ab with no ink applied are alternately arranged in parallel and tilted downward to the right by an angle θ1 with respect to the Y direction. Region 303b is a striped pattern region in which black band-shaped regions 303ba, which are entirely covered with ink, and white band-shaped regions 303bb, which have no ink, are alternately arranged in parallel and inclined downward to the left at an angle θ1 with respect to the Y direction, and the positions of band-shaped regions 303aa, 303ab, 303ba, and 303bb are aligned along center line 303e.

[0020] In addition, a printing surface consisting of only area 31aa, a printing surface consisting of only area 31ab, etc. may be used as the printing surface of the roller of the roller stamp, so that basic patterns of the dazzle illusion, such as a pattern consisting of area 303a and a pattern consisting of area 303b, can be continuously imprinted.

[0021] [Second embodiment] A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In the second embodiment, a roller stamp for forming an optical illusion pattern with three or more luminances on the surface of an object will be described.

[0022] [[First Example of Second Embodiment]] As a first example, an example will be shown in which the basic pattern of Shape From Shading (hereinafter referred to as SFS type illusion) is used as the basic pattern of the illusion pattern. The roller stamp 2 of the first example of this embodiment is obtained by replacing the roller 11 of the roller stamp 1 described in the first embodiment with a roller 21. Moreover, the roller 21 is obtained by replacing the printing surface 11a of the roller 11 with a printing surface 21a, and the configuration other than the printing surface 21a is the same as that of the roller 11.

[0023] FIG. 6 shows a development (a development of the entire outer circumferential surface of the roller 21) illustrating the printing surface 21a of the roller 21 that can continuously imprint the basic pattern 203 of the SFS type optical illusion illustrated in FIG. 7. The development of the printing surface 21a illustrated in FIG. 6 has a rectangular region 21aa with a pair of opposite sides arranged along the Z direction, regions 21ab and 21ac that are regions obtained by excluding the region 21aa from each of two regions separated by the diagonal line of the rectangle that is a rectangle that is enlarged without changing the direction of the center of the rectangular region 21aa, and a region 21ad other than the regions 21aa, 21ab, and 21ac. The surface of the region 21ac is substantially flat, and the region 21ac is a region that protrudes from the region 21ab. The regions 21aa and 21ad are regions in which a plurality of dot-shaped protrusions with tips on substantially the same plane as the surface of the region 21ac are substantially uniformly provided with a predetermined occupation area ratio (for example, 50%). The occupied area ratio is the ratio of the total area of ​​the tips of a plurality of dot-shaped protrusions provided in a region to the area of ​​the region.

[0024] The stamping method of the roller stamp 2 is the same as the stamping method of the roller stamp 1 described in the first example of the first embodiment, except that the roller 11 on which the printing surface 11a is formed is replaced with a roller 21 on which the printing surface 21a is formed.

[0025] 7 shows a pattern formed by pressing a roller stamp 2, which has black ink on its printing surface 21a (i.e., the entire surface of the region 21ac and the tips of the protrusions of the regions 21aa and 21ad), on the surface of the target 102, which is a white plane, by moving the roller stamp 2 in a straight line (Y direction) and rotating the roller 21 twice, and the pattern is two consecutive SFS-type optical illusion basic patterns 203 surrounded by a two-dot chain line in a straight line (Y direction). Each basic pattern 203 has a rectangular outline, and includes a rectangular region 203a with a pair of opposite sides arranged along the Y direction, regions 203b and 203c which are regions obtained by excluding the region 203a from each of the two regions separated by the diagonal line of the rectangular region 203a, which is a rectangle that is enlarged without changing the direction from the center of the rectangular region 203a, and a region 203d other than the regions 203a, 203b, and 203c. When the printing face 21a is pressed against the target 102, the black ink attached to the tips of the dot-shaped protrusions in the region 21aa adheres to the tip of the dot-shaped protrusions in the region 21aa, forming black dots with the above-mentioned predetermined occupancy ratio, and the region perceived as gray is the region 203a. When the printing face 21a is pressed against the target 102, the black ink attached to the entire surface of the region 21ac adheres to the tip of the dot-shaped protrusions in the region 21ad, forming black dots with the above-mentioned predetermined occupancy ratio, and the region perceived as gray is the region 203d. When the printing face 21a is pressed against the target 102, the region that remains white without any ink attached is the region 203b. That is, the average luminance of the regions 203a and 203d is approximately the same, the average luminance of the region 203b is higher than the average luminance of the regions 203a and 203d, and the average luminance of the region 203c is lower than the average luminance of the regions 203a and 203d.

[0026] It is preferable that the roller stamp 2 of the first example can be moved not only in a straight line but also in a curved line to impress an imprint. Such a roller stamp 2 can be realized by forming the roller 21 from a soft material such as rubber. Fig. 8 shows an example in which the roller stamp 2, in which black ink is applied to the entire surface of the region 21ac of the print face 21a and the tips of the dot-like protrusions of the regions 21aa and 21ad, is moved in a curved line while rotating the roller 21 multiple times to impress an imprint on the surface of the target 102, which is a white flat surface.

[0027] [[Second Example of Second Embodiment]] As a second example, an example is shown in which the basic pattern of the Cafe Wall illusion is used as the basic pattern of the illusion pattern. The roller stamp 4 of the second example of this embodiment is obtained by replacing the roller 11 of the roller stamp 1 described in the first embodiment with a roller 41. Moreover, the roller 41 is obtained by replacing the printing surface 11a of the roller 11 with a printing surface 41a, and the configuration of the roller 41 is the same as that of the roller 11 except for the printing surface 41a.

[0028] FIG. 9 shows a development (a development of the entire outer circumferential surface of the roller 41) illustrating the printing surface 41a of the roller 41 that can continuously imprint the basic pattern 403 of the cafe wall illusion illustrated in FIG. 10. The printing surface 41a illustrated in FIG. 9 is an area having a rectangular outline, and is composed of areas 410a and 410b. Area 410a is a long and narrow rectangular area along one side of the printing surface 41a. Area 410b is a rectangular area other than area 410a of the printing surface 41a. Area 410b is composed of rectangular areas 411b and 412b that are approximately congruent with each other. The surface of area 412b is approximately flat, and area 412b is an area that protrudes from area 411b. On the surface of area 410a, a plurality of dot-shaped protrusions whose tips are approximately on the same plane as the surface of area 412b are provided approximately uniformly with a predetermined occupation area ratio (for example, 50%).

[0029] The method of imprinting with the roller stamp 4 is the same as that of the roller stamp 1 described in the first example of the first embodiment, except that the roller 11 on which the print surface 11a is formed is replaced with the roller 41 on which the print surface 41a is formed. However, in the case of the roller stamp 4, the imprinting is performed while moving it in a straight line.

[0030] 10 shows a pattern 4030 formed on the surface of the object 102, which is a white plane, by moving a roller stamp 4, which has black ink on the entire surface of region 412b of the stamping surface 41a and the tips of the protrusions of region 410a, in a straight line (Y direction) while rotating the roller 41 four times to imprint the pattern, and the pattern is a straight line (Y direction) of four basic patterns 403 of the cafe wall illusion surrounded by a two-dot chain line. The formed pattern 4030 is composed of region 403a and region 403b. The region 403a is a region that is perceived as gray when the print surface 41a is pressed against the target 102, and the black ink attached to the tips of the dot-like protrusions of the region 410a adheres to form black dots with a predetermined occupancy ratio, and is a narrow belt-like region extending in the Y direction along one side 403aa of the two sides parallel to the Y direction of the pattern 4030, and the width of the belt-like region, that is, the length in the direction perpendicular to the Y direction (hereinafter referred to as the X2 direction), is constant. That is, the region 403a is a region that has two parallel sides, the side 403aa and the side 403ab that is parallel to the side 403aa. The region 403b is a belt-like region extending in the Y direction that has a side 403bb that is the same side as the side 403ab of the region 403a, and a side 403ba that is not the side 403aa of the two sides parallel to the Y direction of the pattern 4030. The region 403b is a region in which the width of the band-shaped region, i.e., the length in the X2 direction, is constant, and the sides 403ba and 403bb of the region 403b are parallel to each other. In the region 403b, rectangular regions 4032b, which are entirely black due to the black ink that is applied to the entire surface of the region 412b, and rectangular regions 4031b, which are not covered with ink and remain white, are alternately and repeatedly formed. That is, the brightness in each region 4031b is approximately the same, and the brightness of the multiple regions 4031b that are repeatedly arranged is also approximately the same. The brightness of the region 4032b is also approximately the same. That is, the brightness in each region 4032b is approximately the same, and the brightness of the multiple regions 4032b that are repeatedly arranged is also approximately the same. The average brightness of the region 403a is approximately the intermediate value between the brightness of the region 4031b and the brightness of the region 4032b.That is, the luminance on the axis perpendicular to the Y direction in region 403b is approximately uniform, and the luminance on the axis parallel to the Y direction in region 403b alternates between large and small luminance values ​​at a constant cycle. The average luminance of region 403a is approximately the median value of the large and small luminance values ​​repeated at a constant cycle in region 403b. Therefore, pattern 4030 in FIG. 10 is a pattern in which the basic patterns of the Café Wall illusion are continuously formed.

[0031] When forming the basic patterns of the cafe wall illusion continuously with the roller stamp 4 of the second example, it is necessary to imprint the roller stamp 4 in a straight line. Therefore, it is preferable that the roller stamp 4 of the second example be able to imprint while moving in as straight a line as possible. Such a roller stamp 4 can be realized, for example, by making the roller 41 out of a hard material.

[0032] 11 shows an example in which two patterns 4030 are formed on the surface of the object 102, which is a white plane, such that the side 403ba of the upper pattern 4030 is aligned with the side 403aa of the lower pattern 4030, and the Y-direction position of the region 4032b of the upper pattern 4030 is shifted to the right with respect to the Y-direction position of the nearest region 4032b of the lower pattern 4030 (naturally, the Y-direction position of the region 4031b of the upper pattern 4030 is shifted to the right with respect to the Y-direction position of the nearest region 4031b of the lower pattern 4030). When two patterns 4030 are formed as in FIG. 11, the region 403a located at the boundary between the two patterns 4030 is perceived as a straight line inclined downward and to the right (cafe wall illusion).

[0033] [[Modification of the second example of the second embodiment]] In the region 410b of the printing surface 41a in the second example of the second embodiment, the region 410b on which the ink is applied is pressed against the target while the roller 41 rotates in the Z direction, so that a region 403b in which the magnitude of brightness on an axis parallel to the Y direction is repeated in a rectangular wave shape at a regular cycle is formed, but the shape of the wave of brightness repeated at a regular cycle may be any shape. For example, instead of the region 403b in which the region 4031b and the region 4032b are alternately arranged in the Y direction, a printing surface 41a' may be configured to include a region 410b' as exemplified in FIG. 12 instead of the region 410b, so that a region 403b' in which the wave of brightness on an axis parallel to the Y direction is in a step wave shape as exemplified in FIG. 13 is formed.

[0034] For example, as shown in Fig. 12, the print surface 41a' may be one in which the occupied area ratio of the tips of the protrusions provided in the region 410b' to the area of ​​each region provided in the region increases and decreases repeatedly in multiple gradations (four gradations in the example of Fig. 12) between 0% and 100% in the Z direction. The occupied area ratio of each region provided in the region 410b' in the X1 direction is approximately constant. Note that a region with an occupied area ratio of 0% is a recessed region with no protrusions, and a region with an occupied area ratio of 100% is a convex region with a substantially flat surface.

[0035] FIG. 13 shows a pattern 4030' formed by moving a roller stamp 4 with black ink on its printing surface 41a' in a straight line (Y direction) while rotating the roller 41 four times to imprint on the surface of the object 102, which is a white flat surface, and the pattern is a series of four basic patterns 403' of the cafe wall illusion surrounded by a two-dot chain line in a straight line (Y direction). The formed pattern 4030' is composed of an area 403a and an area 403b'. The area 403a is the same area as the area 403a of the pattern 4030 shown in FIG. 10. The area 403b' is an area formed so that the average luminance is repeated at a constant cycle in four gradations between 0% and 100%.

[0036] [Modification 1 of the first and second embodiments] In the first and second embodiments, examples have been described in which the printing surface includes an area where ink is applied over the entire surface (such as convex areas 11aa and 11ab in FIG. 2, convex areas 31aaa and 31aba in FIG. 4, area 21ac in FIG. 6, and area 412b in FIG. 9), but instead of this area, the printing surface may include an area in which a plurality of dot-shaped protrusions are provided approximately uniformly at a predetermined occupation area ratio. However, in the case of the roller stamp of the second embodiment, the occupation area ratio of the plurality of dot-shaped protrusions in this area (such as area 21ac in FIG. 6 and area 412b in FIG. 9) must be higher than the occupation area ratio of the area in which a plurality of dot-shaped protrusions are provided in the above description (such as areas 21aa and 21ad in FIG. 6 and area 410a in FIG. 9).

[0037] Similarly, in the first and second embodiments, examples have been described in which the printing surface includes an area where ink does not adhere to the entire surface (recessed area 11ac in FIG. 2, recessed areas 31aab, 31abb in FIG. 4, area 21ab in FIG. 6, area 411b in FIG. 9, etc.), but instead of this area, the printing surface may include an area in which a plurality of dot-shaped protrusions are provided approximately uniformly at a predetermined occupation area ratio. However, in the case of the roller stamp of the second embodiment, the occupation area ratio of the plurality of dot-shaped protrusions in this area (area 21ab in FIG. 6, area 411b in FIG. 9, etc.) must be lower than the occupation area ratio of the area in which a plurality of dot-shaped protrusions are provided in the above description (areas 21aa, 21ad in FIG. 6, area 410a in FIG. 9, etc.).

[0038] [Modification 2 of the first and second embodiments] The roller stamps described in the first and second embodiments are examples of roller stamps configured to imprint one basic pattern of an optical illusion pattern with the printing surface of the entire outer circumferential surface of the roller, i.e., a printing surface where one revolution of the outer circumferential surface in the rotational direction of the roller corresponds to one period of the basic pattern, but the roller stamps may be configured to imprint two or more basic patterns of optical illusion patterns with the printing surface of the entire outer circumferential surface of the roller, i.e., a roller stamp where one revolution of the outer circumferential surface in the rotational direction of the roller corresponds to two or more integer periods of the basic pattern. In short, the roller stamp of the present invention may be any roller stamp where one revolution of the outer circumferential surface in the rotational direction of the roller corresponds to an integer number of periods of the basic pattern.

[0039] [Summary of the first and second embodiments] That is, as explained in the first embodiment and its modified examples, when the basic pattern of the optical illusion pattern is a graphic pattern consisting of one or more areas of a first luminance, which is the luminance of the surface of the object to be stamped, and one or more areas of a second luminance, which is a luminance different from the first luminance, it is sufficient that an integer number of printing surface patterns consisting of concave areas corresponding to the areas of the first luminance of the graphic pattern and convex areas corresponding to the areas of the second luminance of the graphic pattern are formed on the printing surface of the roller stamp with no gaps in the direction of rotation of the roller.

[0040] Furthermore, as described in the second embodiment and its modified example, when a graphic pattern including at least one or more areas of a first luminance, which is the luminance of the surface of the object to be stamped, one or more areas of a second luminance, which is a luminance different from the first luminance, and one or more areas of a third luminance, which is a luminance between the first luminance and the second luminance, is used as the basic pattern of the optical illusion pattern, it is sufficient that an integer number of printing surface patterns are formed on the printing surface of the roller stamp with no gaps in the direction of rotation of the roller, the printing surface pattern being composed of a concave area corresponding to the area of ​​the first luminance of the graphic pattern, a convex area corresponding to the area of ​​the second luminance of the graphic pattern, and an area corresponding to the area of ​​the third luminance of the graphic pattern, in which a plurality of dot-shaped protrusions are provided at a predetermined occupancy ratio greater than 0% and less than 100%.

[0041] By using the roller stamp of the present invention, it is possible to easily generate an optical illusion pattern not only on flat objects such as walls and paper, but also on objects that include curved surfaces. In other words, the roller stamp of the present invention can easily generate an optical illusion pattern on the surface of a three-dimensional object, allowing the viewer to perceive the three-dimensional object as if it has a three-dimensional shape that is different from its actual physical shape.

[0042] [Third embodiment] In this embodiment, a writing instrument 5 that simultaneously draws three areas with different luminance will be described. As illustrated in FIG. 14A, the writing instrument 5 (for example, a pen) has a tip mechanism 51 (for example, a pen tip) and a grip 52. The grip 52 is a columnar (for example, cylindrical) member, and the tip mechanism 51 is fixed to one end of the grip 52 along the longitudinal direction L along the central axis of the grip 52. As illustrated in FIG. 14B, the tip mechanism 51 is a wide pen tip and has three tip portions 511, 512, and 513. The tip portions 511, 512, and 513 are each a wide pen tip made of a material that is permeable to ink, and the relative positions of the tip portions 511, 512, and 513 are fixed. In the example of FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B, the ends of the tip portions 511, 512, and 513 are formed in a straight line, and the straight ends of the tip portions 511, 512, and 513 are arranged in a line along a straight line P whose angle with respect to the longitudinal direction L is fixed. The widths of the tip portions 512 and 513 along the straight line P (hereinafter, "the width of the tip portion 512" and "the width of the tip portion 513") are narrower than the width of the tip portion 511 along the straight line P (hereinafter, "the width of the tip portion 511"). For example, the widths of the tip portions 512 and 513 are within a range of 5% to 20% of the width of the tip portion 511. It is desirable that the width of the tip portion 512 is approximately the same as the width of the tip portion 513, but the width of the tip portion 512 does not have to be approximately the same as the width of the tip portion 513. For example, containers 5201, 5202, and 5203 containing inks 5201a, 5202a, and 5203a having different luminances are stored inside the gripper 52. The luminance value of the ink 5201a is approximately an intermediate value between the luminance value of the ink 5202a and the luminance value of the ink 5203a, and for example, the luminance value of the ink 5202a is greater than the luminance value of the ink 5201a, and the luminance value of the ink 5203a is smaller than the luminance value of the ink 5201a. In the example of FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B, the three tip portions 511, 512, and 513 are separated from each other. The container 5201 is connected to the tip portion 511, and the ink 5201a stored in the container 5201 is supplied to the tip portion 511, and the ink 5201a adheres to a part of a target that comes into contact with the tip portion 511. A container 5202 is connected to the tip portion 512 , and ink 5202 a stored in the container 5202 is supplied to the tip portion 512 , and the ink 5202 a adheres to the part of the target that comes into contact with the tip portion 512 .A container 5203 is connected to the tip portion 513 , and ink 5203 a stored in the container 5203 is supplied to the tip portion 513 , and the ink 5203 a adheres to the part of the target that comes into contact with the tip portion 513 .

[0043] When the writing instrument 5 is moved relative to the object 502 (e.g., a piece of paper, a wall, a floor, etc.) with the tips 511, 512, 513 in contact with the object 502, ink 5201a, 5202a, 5203a adheres to the object 502 along the trajectory of the tips 511, 512, 513, and three strip-shaped regions 521, 522, 523 of different brightness are simultaneously drawn parallel to each other on the object 502. As illustrated in FIG. 15, when the writing implement 5 is moved relative to the target 502 in the direction perpendicular to the straight line P (X direction), a region 521 (first region) that is a strip-shaped region having two sides substantially parallel to the X direction, a region 522 (second region) that is a region having two sides substantially parallel to the X direction and that is along one side in the X direction of the region 521 (first region), and a region 523 (third region) that is a region having two sides substantially parallel to the X direction and that is along the other side in the X direction of the region 521 (first region). At this time, since the width of the tip 512 and the width of the tip 513 are narrower than the width of the tip 511, the width of the short side direction (direction substantially perpendicular to the X direction) of the regions 522 and 523 is drawn narrower than the width of the short side direction of the region 521. Inks 5201a, 5202a, and 5203a having the above-mentioned brightness are attached to the regions 521, 522, and 523, respectively. Therefore, the brightness of region 521 is drawn to be approximately the same, the brightness of region 522 is drawn to be approximately the same, the brightness of region 523 is drawn to be approximately the same, the brightness value of region 521 (first region) is approximately intermediate between the brightness value of region 522 (second region) and the brightness value of region 523 (third region), the brightness value of region 522 (second region) is greater than the brightness value of region 521 (first region), and the brightness value of region 523 (third region) is less than the brightness value of region 521 (first region).

[0044] A three-dimensional effect can be easily created by simultaneously drawing such regions 521, 522, and 523. For example, Fig. 16 shows an example in which the grip 52 of the writing implement 5 is held in an orientation in which the tip 512 is located above the tip 511 and the tip 513 is located below the tip 511, the tip 511 is brought into contact with the part of the target 502 on which the character string "make the characters stand out and make them indent" is written, and the regions 521, 522, and 523 are drawn by holding the grip 52 of the writing implement 5 in an orientation in which the tip 512 is located below the tip 511 and the tip 513 is located above the tip 511, and the tip 511 is brought into contact with the part of the target 502 on which the character string "make the characters stand out and make them indent" is written, and the regions 521, 522, and 523 are drawn by holding the grip 52 of the writing implement 5 in an orientation in which the tip 512 is located below the tip 511 and the tip 513 is located above the tip 511. In the "raise," part of the object 502, an area 522 with a higher luminance than area 521 is drawn above area 521, and an area 523 with a lower luminance than area 521 is drawn below area 521, so that area 521 appears to be raised. Therefore, the illusion that the characters written in this area 521 ("raise,") appear to be raised from the surroundings can be created. Conversely, in the "dent," part of the object 502, if an area 523 with a lower luminance than area 521 is drawn above area 521, and an area 522 with a higher luminance than area 521 is drawn below area 521, then area 521 appears to be recessed from the surroundings. Therefore, the illusion that the characters written in this area 521 ("dent") appear to be recessed from the surroundings can be created. In this way, even with the same writing implement 5, by holding it so that the top and bottom relationship of the tips 511, 512, 513 is inverted, the area 521 can be made to appear raised above the surroundings or to be recessed.

[0045] It should be noted that the inks 5201a, 5202a, and 5203a only need to satisfy the above-mentioned luminance conditions, and may also have a hue component.

[0046] [Modification of the third embodiment] The tip mechanism 51 is not limited to the one exemplified in the second embodiment, and may be any one that can simultaneously draw the above-mentioned regions 521, 522, and 523. For example, in the second embodiment, the tips 511, 512, and 513 that respectively draw the regions 521, 522, and 523 are substantially aligned along the substantially straight line P. However, the tips that respectively draw the regions 521, 522, and 523 do not have to be arranged substantially in a line. For example, the tip mechanism 61 exemplified in FIG. 17 has tips 611, 612, and 613 that respectively draw the regions 521, 522, and 523, but the tips 611, 612, and 613 are not arranged substantially in a line. A container 5201 containing ink 5201a is connected to the tip portion 611, and the ink 5201a contained in the container 5201 is supplied to the tip portion 611, and the ink 5201a adheres to a part of a target that comes into contact with the tip portion 611. A container 5202 containing ink 5202a is connected to the tip portion 612, and the ink 5202a contained in the container 5202 is supplied to the tip portion 612, and the ink 5202a adheres to a part of a target that comes into contact with the tip portion 612. A container 5203 containing ink 5203a is connected to the tip portion 613, and the ink 5203a contained in the container 5203 is supplied to the tip portion 613, and the ink 5203a adheres to a part of a target that comes into contact with the tip portion 613. [Explanation of symbols]

[0047] 1~4 Roller stamp 11,21,31,41,41' Roller 11a,21a,31a,41a,41a' stamp face

Claims

1. A roller stamp having a print surface formed on a rotatable roller, The seal surface is formed so that the basic pattern of the optical illusion pattern is continuously imprinted, an integral number of print surface patterns are formed on the print surface with no gaps in a rotation direction of the roller, the print surface patterns being each formed of a concave region corresponding to a first region of the basic pattern and a convex region corresponding to a second region of the basic pattern; a length of the raised area along a rotation direction of the roller is shorter than a length of the print surface pattern along the rotation direction; the surface region of the convex region is a region having a shape obtained by removing a strip-shaped region along the rotation direction from a region having a curved contour, The basic pattern is a graphic pattern obtained by not applying ink to the first region by the concave region and by applying ink to the second region by the convex region.

2. 2. The roller stamp of claim 1, The roller stamp, wherein the region having a curvilinear contour is a circular region.

3. 3. The roller stamp of claim 1 or 2, A roller stamp, wherein the surface area of ​​the raised area includes two areas separated by the band-shaped area.

4. 2. The roller stamp of claim 1, A roller stamp having one of the printing surface patterns formed on the printing surface.

Images