Soil analysis pretreatment equipment

Abstract

To provide a pretreatment unit for soil analysis that can efficiently perform a plurality of types of pretreatment necessary before analyzing soil by using a soil analyzer, and can reduce an installation space.SOLUTION: A pretreatment unit performs processing before analyzing components included in soil collected from a pretreatment unit field for soil analysis, and the pretreatment unit comprises: a drying device that dries the collected soil; a sieve device that removes foreign substances from the soil dried by the drying device; an extraction device that supplies, to the soil from which the foreign substances are removed, an extract for extracting components included in the soil; and a base that supports the drying device, the sieve device, and the extraction device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a pretreatment device for soil analysis, which treats soil collected from a farm field before analyzing components contained in the soil. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, a pretreatment device for soil analysis is disclosed in Patent Document 1. The pretreatment device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a dryer that dries collected soil samples, a mixer that mixes multiple samples, and a separator that separates foreign matter contained in the samples using a sieve. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2020-76582 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] According to the above-described pretreatment device, a plurality of pretreatments such as drying required before analyzing the soil with the soil analyzing device can be appropriately performed. However, in the case of the above-mentioned pretreatment device, multiple pretreatments are performed in separate devices (dryer, mixer, separator). Therefore, workers must perform multiple pretreatments using separate devices, leaving room for improvement in terms of work efficiency. In addition, multiple devices must be prepared for the pretreatments, and a large space is required to install the multiple devices.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a pretreatment device for soil analysis that can efficiently perform multiple pretreatment steps required before analyzing soil with a soil analysis device and also reduce the installation space. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The technical means adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems are characterized as follows. A pretreatment device for soil analysis is a pretreatment device that processes components contained in soil collected in a farm field before analyzing the components, and includes a drying device that dries the collected soil, a sieving device that removes foreign matter from the soil dried by the drying device, an extraction device that supplies an extraction liquid to the soil from which the foreign matter has been removed in order to extract components contained in the soil, and a base that supports the drying device, the sieving device, and the extraction device. A tilting mechanism; Equipped with The drying device has a first container for accommodating the soil, and the extraction device comprises a second container for accommodating the soil from which the foreign matter has been removed, and a lid for closing an inlet for introducing the soil into the second container, and a liquid outlet hole is formed in a bottom of the second container for extracting a passing liquid which is an extract that has passed through the soil, and the lid comprises a liquid injection section for supplying the extract into the second container and an air injection section for supplying air into the second container, and the tilting mechanism is capable of changing the second container between an upright position and an inclined position, and the second container is disposed lower than the first container, and is in a position that does not overlap with the first container in a planar view when in the upright position, and is in a position where an upper portion of the second container overlaps with the first container in a planar view when in the inclined position. .

[0007] Preferably, the drying device is a heating device for heating the first container. ,before and a venting device for passing air through the first container. Preferably, the first container has an extraction hole for removing the stored soil, and the sieving device is provided with a mesh plate arranged to cover the extraction hole and prevent the passage of the foreign matter, and a first vibration mechanism for vibrating the first container.

[0009] Preferably, in the pretreatment device, the extraction device includes a second vibration mechanism that vibrates the second container to agitate the extraction liquid and the soil in the second container. Preferably, the drying device has a first support part that supports a plurality of the first containers, the heating device heats the plurality of first containers supported on the first support part, and the ventilation device passes air through the plurality of first containers supported on the first support part.

[0010] Preferably, the drying device has a first support portion that supports a plurality of the first containers, and the first vibration mechanism vibrates the plurality of first containers supported by the first support portion. Preferably, the extraction device has a second support portion that supports a plurality of the second containers, and the second vibration mechanism vibrates the plurality of second containers supported by the second support portion. Preferably, the extraction device includes a liquid supplying section that supplies the extraction liquid to each of the second containers supported on the second support section. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the soil analysis pretreatment device of the present invention, the drying device, sieving device, and extraction device are supported on a common base, making it possible to efficiently carry out multiple pretreatment steps required before analyzing soil with the soil analysis device, and also reducing installation space. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of a pretreatment device for soil analysis. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of a pretreatment device for soil analysis. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first container. [Figure 4] XX cross-sectional view of FIG. 3. [Diagram 5] 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 taken along the line YY. [Figure 6A] FIG. [Figure 6B] FIG. [Figure 7A] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the metering member, showing a case where the metering hole is a tapered hole. [Figure 7B] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the metering member, showing a case where the metering hole is a cylindrical hole. [Figure 8] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the first container supported on the first support, illustrating a state in which the measuring member is in a first position and the detection device is not detecting soil. [Figure 9] 9 is an enlarged view showing the mesh plate and the cover plate and their surroundings in FIG. 8. FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is a plan view showing the cover plate in a central position. [Figure 11] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the mesh plate with the cover plate removed. [Figure 12]FIG. 13 is a plan view showing the cover plate moving from a central position to a peripheral position. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a state in which the detection device detects soil. [Figure 14] FIG. 13 illustrates the metering member in a second position. [Figure 15] 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first container supported by the first support, showing the measuring member in a second position. FIG. [Figure 16] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a drying device, a sieving device, a first vibration mechanism, etc. [Figure 17] FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a first container and a heating device. [Figure 18] FIG. 2 is a partially cross-sectional plan view showing a first container, a first vibration mechanism, and the like. [Figure 19] FIG. 2 is a partially sectional front view showing a first container, a drying device, etc. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is a side view showing a first container, a second container, a liquid supply device, etc. [Figure 21] FIG. 13 is a plan view of a moving mechanism having a plurality of push-out members corresponding to a plurality of first containers. [Figure 22] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the first container, the second container, the first vibration mechanism, the second vibration mechanism, the vibration isolation mechanism, etc. [Diagram 23] FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a slider of the first vibration mechanism. [Figure 24A] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the shutter and the weight measuring device with the shutter in an allowable position. [Figure 24B] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the shutter and the weight measuring device, with the shutter in a blocking position; [Diagram 25] FIG. 2 is a front view showing the weight calculation device. [Figure 26] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the weight calculation device. [Figure 27] 11 is a table for explaining a method of calculating soil weight by the weight calculation device. [Figure 28] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an extraction device, a second vibration mechanism, etc. [Figure 29] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the second container. [Diagram 30] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second container. [Diagram 31] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the second container, the second lid, the tilting mechanism, etc., illustrating a state in which the extract is being supplied into the second container. [Diagram 32] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the second container, the second lid, the tilting mechanism, etc., in which air is supplied into the second container and the permeated liquid is removed. [Diagram 33] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing how the second container is changed from an upright position to an inclined position. [Figure 34A] 10 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between the first container and the measuring member and the second container when the second container is in an upright position. FIG. [Figure 34B] 10 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between the first container and the measuring member and the second container when the second container is in an inclined position. FIG. [Diagram 35] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a state in which soil is being supplied from the measuring member to a second container. [Diagram 36] FIG. [Figure 37] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a second container, a second vibration mechanism, etc. [Figure 38] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a slider of a second vibration mechanism. [Figure 39] FIG. 4 is a plan view of the first vibration isolation mechanism. [Diagram 40] FIG. 4 is a plan view of a second vibration isolation mechanism. [Diagram 41] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a liquid supply device, a tank, a three-way switching valve, etc. [Diagram 42] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a cylinder device, a syringe, a plunger, etc. [Diagram 43] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a cylinder device, a syringe, a plunger, etc. [Diagram 44] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a liquid supplying device having a plurality of cylinder devices. [Diagram 45] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the pretreatment device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the pretreatment device for soil analysis according to the present invention will be described. The pretreatment device 1 for soil analysis according to the present invention is a device for treating components contained in soil collected in a farm field before analysis. In other words, the soil that has been pretreated by the pretreatment device 1 is subjected to analysis by a soil analyzer. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing the overall configuration of a pretreatment device 1 for soil analysis according to the present invention. FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing the overall configuration of the pretreatment device 1 in a schematic manner, with some components omitted or simplified. Therefore, some components may be shown in different shapes or arrangements in FIGS. 1 and 2 and other figures. For the different parts, either the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 or the configuration shown in other figures may be used.

[0015] In the following, the direction of arrow A1 shown in the drawings will be referred to as the forward direction, the direction of arrow A2 as the backward direction, the direction of arrow B1 as the left direction, the direction of arrow B2 as the right direction, the direction of arrow C1 as the upward direction, and the direction of arrow C2 as the downward direction. Also, the direction of arrow A will be referred to as the forward / backward direction, the direction of arrow B as the width direction (or left / right direction) of the device, and the direction of arrow C as the upward / downward direction. The pretreatment device 1 includes a drying device 2, a sieving device 3, and an extraction device 4.

[0016] The drying device 2 is a device that dries soil collected in a farm field. The sieving device 3 is a device that removes foreign matter from the soil dried by the drying device 2. The extraction device 4 is a device that supplies an extraction liquid to the soil from which foreign matter has been removed by the sieving device 3, in order to extract components contained in the soil.

[0017] <Drying equipment> First, the drying device 2 will be described. The drying device 2 has a first container 5, a heating device 6, and an aeration device 7. The first container 5 is a container for storing collected soil. The heating device 6 is a device for heating the first container 5. The aeration device 7 is a device for passing air through the first container 5. As shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, the first container 5 has a storage section 8 that stores soil, and a weighing section 9 that weighs and removes the soil. The storage section 8 is provided in the upper part of the first container 5. The weighing section 9 is provided in the lower part of the first container 5. The storage section 8 and the weighing section 9 are integrated to form the first container 5.

[0018] The storage section 8 is formed in a tubular (cylindrical) shape. An intake 10 (hereinafter referred to as "first intake 10") for introducing soil is provided at the top of the storage section 8 (top of the first container 5). More specifically, the top of the storage section 8 is open, and this opening at the top of the storage section 8 constitutes the first intake 10. The first intake 10 is circular in plan view. 4 and 5, an extraction hole 11 for extracting soil is provided in the lower part of the storage part 8. More specifically, the lower part of the storage part 8 is open, and this opening in the lower part of the storage part 8 constitutes the extraction hole 11. The extraction hole 11 is circular in plan view.

[0019] The first container 5 has a container body 5a and a flange 5b formed on the upper part of the container body 5a. The container body 5a is a tube (cylindrical body) including a storage section 8 and a measuring section 9, and has the above-mentioned first intake port 10 and removal hole 11. The flange 5b is formed in an annular shape around the first intake port 10. The upper surface of the flange 5b is flat. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the first container 5 has an air hole 5c at a position different from the first intake port 10. The air hole 5c is a hole for passing air generated by a fan 27 described later. The air hole 5c is provided on the side surface of the first container 5. Specifically, the air hole 5c is provided on the side surface of the storage section 8 and penetrates the peripheral wall of the storage section 8. As a result, the inside 8a of the storage section 8 communicates with the outside through the air hole 5c. The number of air holes 5c may be one, but it is preferable to provide multiple air holes 5c. In the case of this embodiment, multiple air holes 5c (two) are provided at intervals in the vertical direction. The air holes 5c may be provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the storage section 8, or may be provided at positions facing each other. In addition, the air holes 5c may be provided at a position lower than the surface of the soil stored in the storage section 8, or may be provided at a position higher than the surface of the soil stored in the storage section 8.

[0020] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, a covering member 12 is attached to the top of the first container 5. The covering member 12 is attached so as to cover the top and side surfaces of the flange 5b. The covering member 12 is annular in plan view, and has a circular opening 12a at the center in plan view. The opening 12a overlaps with the first intake 10 when the covering member 12 is attached to the top of the first container 5. The top surface of the covering member 12 is flat. The covering member 12 is made of an elastic body such as rubber or soft resin.

[0021] As shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5, the measuring section 9 has a measuring member 13. The measuring member 13 takes out a certain volume of soil from the soil contained in the first container 5. The measuring member 13 is fitted into a through hole 5d formed in the first container 5. The measuring member 13 can be moved along the through hole 5d by a moving mechanism 20 described later. The measuring member 13 can be attached and detached to and from the through hole 5d. The through hole 5d penetrates the lower part of the first container 5 in the movement direction of the measuring member 13 (in the case of this embodiment, the front-back direction). A cutout portion 5e is formed in the front lower part of the through hole 5d. The cutout portion 5e forms an inclined surface that transitions forward as it goes downward. By providing the cutout portion 5e, the measuring member 13 can be easily attached and detached to and from the through hole 5d.

[0022] As shown in Figures 6A and 6B, the measuring member 13 has an upper surface 13a, a lower surface 13b, a side surface 13c, a front surface 13g, and a rear surface 13h. The upper surface 13a and the lower surface 13b are flat surfaces arranged parallel to each other. The side surface 13c is an arc-shaped curved surface connecting the upper surface 13a and the lower surface 13b. The front surface 13g and the rear surface 13h are arc-shaped curved surfaces shaped along the outer circumferential surface of the first container 5. However, the side surface 13c, the front surface 13g, and the rear surface 13h may be flat surfaces. The measuring member 13 has a measuring hole 13d that penetrates the measuring member 13 in the vertical direction. The measuring hole 13d penetrates the measuring member 13 from the upper surface 13a to the lower surface 13b. The measuring hole 13d is configured to allow the measurement of a certain volume (for example, 1 cm 3 That is, the volume of the measurement hole 13d is set to a volume that can accommodate a certain volume of soil.

[0023] As shown in Fig. 7A, the measurement hole 13d is formed in a tapered shape (frustum shape) with the hole area gradually increasing from the top to the bottom. By forming the measurement hole 13d in a tapered shape, soil is less likely to become clogged in the measurement hole 13d, and the soil can be smoothly removed (dropped) from the measurement hole 13d. However, as shown in Fig. 7B, the measurement hole 13d may be formed in a cylindrical shape with a constant hole area from the top to the bottom.

[0024] As shown in Figs. 4 and 6B, a first recess 13e is provided on the rear surface 13h of the measuring member 13. The first recess 13e is recessed forward in a substantially hemispherical shape. The tip of a push-out member 21, which will be described later, fits into the first recess 13e (see Fig. 14). A second recess 13f is provided on the bottom surface 13b of the measuring member 13. A sphere 24 of a positioning mechanism 23, which will be described later, fits into the second recess 13f (see Fig. 13).

[0025] 4, 5, 8, and 9, a mesh plate 15 and a cover plate 16 are disposed inside the first container 5. The mesh plate 15 is a member that constitutes a part of the sieving device 3. FIG. 11 is a plan view of mesh plate 15. Mesh plate 15 is circular in plan view. Mesh plate 15 has passing portion 15a that allows soil with a particle size less than a predetermined size to pass through. Passing portion 15a is formed in the center of mesh plate 15. The outer shape of passing portion 15a is circular in plan view. The diameter of passing portion 15a is approximately equal to the radius of mesh plate 15. The periphery of passing portion 15a is non-passing portion 15b that does not allow soil to pass through. Non-passing portion 15b is formed in an annular shape in plan view.

[0026] 9, the passing portion 15a is recessed relative to the non-passing portion 15b, and an inclined surface 15c is provided at the boundary between the passing portion 15a and the non-passing portion 15b. The inclined surface 15c is a tapered surface having a downward gradient from the non-passing portion 15b toward the passing portion 15a. As shown in Figs. 9 and 11, the passage portion 15a has a plurality (a large number) of small holes 15d. The small holes 15d allow the passage of soil having a particle size less than a predetermined size that has been crushed by the sieving process using the sieving device 3. The small holes 15d also prevent the passage of foreign matter having a predetermined size or more. In other words, foreign matter having a predetermined size or more cannot pass through the small holes 15d. Therefore, the mesh plate 15 prevents the passage of foreign matter having a predetermined size or more contained in the soil stored in the first container 5, and allows the passage of soil having a particle size less than the predetermined size.

[0027] 9 and 10, mesh plate 15 is disposed so as to cover extraction hole 11. The outer diameter of mesh plate 15 is larger than the inner diameter of extraction hole 11. The soil that passes through passage portion 15a of mesh plate 15 is extracted from extraction hole 11. The soil that passes through passage portion 15a of mesh plate 15 and is extracted from extraction hole 11 contains only soil having a particle size smaller than a predetermined size.

[0028] As shown in Figures 9 and 10, a cover plate 16 is placed on the mesh plate 15. The cover plate 16 is arranged so as to cover the passing portion 15a of the mesh plate 15. The diameter of the cover plate 16 is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the passing portion 15a. The cover plate 16 is a plate that does not have holes through which soil can pass (a non-perforated plate). The cover plate 16 is circular in a plan view. The diameter of the cover plate 16 is approximately equal to the radius of the mesh plate 15.

[0029] 9 and the left part of FIG. 12 shows the state where the cover plate 16 is in the center position. In this state, the cover plate 16 is in the inside of the inclined surface 15c. When the cover plate 16 is in the center position, the passage portion 15a is covered by the cover plate 16, so that the soil cannot pass through the mesh plate 15. The right part of Fig. 12 shows a state where the cover plate 16 is in the peripheral position. In this state, at least a part of the cover plate 16 protrudes outside the inclined surface 15c. When the cover plate 16 is in the peripheral position, at least a part of the passing portion 15a is not covered by the cover plate 16. In other words, at least a part of the passing portion 15a (the part including the small hole 15d) is exposed. Therefore, the soil can pass through the mesh plate 15.

[0030] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the diameter of the passing portion 15a is approximately equal to the radius of the mesh plate 15, and the diameter of the cover plate 16 is approximately equal to the diameter of the passing portion 15a and approximately equal to the radius of the mesh plate 15. However, the cover plate 16 only needs to be able to cover the passing portion 15a of the mesh plate 15 and to be movable between a central position that covers the passing portion 15a of the mesh plate 15 and a peripheral position that exposes at least a part of the passing portion 15a, and the size of the cover plate 16 is not limited to the above-mentioned size. Specifically, the diameter (R3×2) of the cover plate 16 only needs to be greater than the difference (R1−R2) between the radius R1 of the mesh plate 15 and the radius R2 of the outer shape of the passing portion 15a, and smaller than the sum (R1+R2) of the radius R1 of the mesh plate 15 and the radius R2 of the outer shape of the passing portion 15a (R1−R2 <R3×2<R1+R2)。

[0031] As shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, a conduit 17 for dropping soil toward the measuring member 13 is provided at the bottom of the first container 5. The conduit 17 is provided above the measuring member 13. The conduit 17 is made of a transparent material (e.g., glass). The first container 5 has a window hole 18 for making the conduit 17 visible from outside the first container 5. The window hole 18 penetrates the bottom of the first container 5 in the front-rear direction. The window hole 18 is provided below the removal hole 11 and above the measuring member 13.

[0032] 4, the duct 17 passes through the center of the window hole 18 in the front-rear direction in the vertical direction. Hereinafter, the portion of the window hole 18 that is in front of the duct 17 will be referred to as the "window hole front portion 18a," and the portion of the window hole 18 that is behind the duct 17 will be referred to as the "window hole rear portion 18b." The duct 17 can be seen from outside the first container 5 via the window hole front portion 18a or the window hole rear portion 18b. The conduit 17 is disposed below the storage section 8 (below the removal hole 11). As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the lower part of the storage section 8 and the upper part of the conduit 17 are connected by a connecting passage 19. The connecting passage 19 is formed in a tapered shape (frustum of a cone) whose inner diameter becomes smaller toward the bottom.

[0033] 4, 5 and 9, the upper end of the connecting passage 19 is connected to the outlet hole 11 at the bottom of the storage section 8. When the cover plate 16 is in the peripheral position (see the right diagram in FIG. 12), the soil stored in the storage section 8 drops from the outlet hole 11, passes through the passage section 15a of the mesh plate 15, and is then guided to the connecting passage 19. The soil guided to the connecting passage 19 flows into the pipe 17, passes through the pipe 17, and drops toward the measuring member 13.

[0034] As shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, the conduit 17 is disposed above (directly above) the measurement hole 13d of the measurement member 13. As a result, the soil that falls through the conduit 17 enters the measurement hole 13d, and the measurement hole 13d is filled with soil D1 (see Figure 13). As described above, the soil that fills the measurement hole 13d is a fixed volume. Therefore, the measurement member 13 can measure a fixed volume of soil by filling the measurement hole 13d with soil D1.

[0035] The measuring member 13 can be moved between a first position (see Figs. 8 and 13) and a second position (see Figs. 14 and 15) by the moving mechanism 20. The first position is a position inside the first container 5 where a certain volume of soil is measured by the measuring member 13. Specifically, the first position is a position where the measuring hole 13d of the measuring member 13 is inside the first container 5 and the measuring hole 13d can receive a certain volume of soil that falls from the pipeline 17. The second position is a position where the certain volume of soil measured by the measuring member 13 is taken out of the first container 5. Specifically, the second position is a position where the measuring hole 13d of the measuring member 13 is outside the first container 5 and the certain volume of soil filled in the measuring hole 13d can be dropped.

[0036] The moving mechanism 20 is a mechanism that moves the measuring member 13 from a first position to a second position. The moving mechanism 20 has a push-out member 21. The push-out member 21 is a rod-shaped member that can be inserted into the through-hole 5d. The push-out member 21 can be moved back and forth in the horizontal direction by a driving device (not shown) such as a cylinder device. In this embodiment, the push-out member 21 can be moved back and forth in the front-rear direction.

[0037] As shown in Figs. 14 and 15, the pushing member 21 is inserted into a through hole 5d formed in the first container 5, and pushes out a part (front part) of the measuring member 13 from the through hole 5d. The tip of the pushing member 21 is formed in a semispherical shape, and fits into the first recess 13e of the measuring member 13 when pushing out the measuring member 13 (see Figs. 14 and 15). This determines the position of the tip of the pushing member 21 relative to the measuring member 13. Therefore, the moving direction of the pushing member 21 and the moving direction of the measuring member 13 can be reliably aligned, and the measuring member 13 can be smoothly pushed out from the through hole 5d.

[0038] 14 and 15, the pushing member 21 pushes out a part of the measuring member 13 from the through-hole 5d at least to a position where the measuring hole 13d is outside the first container 5 (i.e., the second position). That is, the measuring member 13 is moved by the pushing member 21 and pushed out to the second position. The pushing member 21 pushes out the measuring member 13 in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, the pushing member 21 pushes out the measuring member 13 forward.

[0039] As described above, the movement of the metering member 13 from the first position to the second position is performed by the pushing member 21. On the other hand, the movement of the metering member 13 from the second position to the first position may be performed by pushing the metering member 13 with a finger or the like to return it to the first position, or the tip of the pushing member 21 may be fixed to the metering member 13 so that the metering member 13 returns to the first position as the pushing member 21 retreats.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 4 and other figures, the first container 5 includes a positioning mechanism 23 for positioning the measuring member 13 at the first position. The positioning mechanism 23 includes a second recess 12f formed on the bottom surface of the measuring member 13 and a sphere 24 that fits into the second recess 12f. The sphere 24 is biased upward by a spring 25. When the measuring member 13 is fitted into the through hole 5d and moved to the first position, the upper part of the sphere 24 fits into the second recess 12f from below, and the measuring member 13 is positioned at the first position. At this time, the measuring hole 13d of the measuring member 13 and the pipe 17 are in a position where they overlap (positions where they are aligned vertically). Therefore, it is possible to reliably guide the soil that falls through the pipe 17 to the measuring hole 13d. This allows the measuring member 13 to accurately measure the soil. When the measuring member 13 is pushed by the push-out member 21, the spring 25 contracts and the sphere 24 is released from the second recess 12f, thereby moving the measuring member 13 from the first position toward the second position.

[0041] Next, a description will be given of the heating device 6 and the aeration device 7. The heating device 6 and the aeration device 7 are both devices for drying the soil contained in the container section 8 of the first container 5. The heating device 6 is a device that heats the storage section 8 of the first container 5. The heating device 6 is composed of, for example, a heater that generates heat when electricity is passed through it. The storage section 8 is composed of a material with high thermal conductivity, such as metal. By operating the heating device 6 (passing electricity through the heater), the storage section 8 is heated and the temperature of the storage section 8 increases. This makes it possible to promote drying of the soil stored in the storage section 8.

[0042] 1, 16, and 17, the heating device 6 is configured to cover the outer peripheral surface of the container body 5a (specifically, the outer peripheral surface of the storage section 8). The heating device 6 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with the central axis facing the vertical direction. Therefore, the container body 5a of the first container 5 can be inserted into the inside (inner peripheral side) of the heating device 6 from above. As a result, the periphery of the container body 5a is covered by the heating device 6.

[0043] 17 and 18, the heating device 6 is formed in a C-shape in a plan view and has an open portion (open portion 6a) at the front. The first container 5 is arranged so that the ventilation hole 5c is located at the open portion 6a when inserted into the heating device 6. This prevents the ventilation hole 5c from being blocked by the heating device 6. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the pretreatment device 1 has a first support part 30 that supports the first container 5. The first support part 30 has a first support plate 31 and a first base part 32. The first support plate 31 has an insertion hole 31a into which the container body 5a is inserted. The upper surface of the first support plate 31 constitutes a support surface 31b that supports the flange 5b from below. The first base part 32 extends downward from the rear part of the first support plate 31. The heating device 6 is attached to the first base part 32.

[0044] 15, 16, and 17, the heating device 6 is attached to a first mounting portion 35 provided on the first base portion 32. The heating device 6 is disposed so as to cover the periphery of the upper portion (accommodation portion 8) of the container body 5a of the first container 5. As shown in Fig. 16, the periphery of the lower portion (measuring portion 9) of the container body 5a is held by a substantially cylindrical holding portion 37. 16 and 21. A notch 37a is formed in the front part of the holding part 37, through which the measuring member 13 pushed out by the pushing member 21 passes. As shown in Fig. 21, an opening 37b is formed in the rear part of the holding part 37, through which the pushing member 21 is inserted.

[0045] As shown in Fig. 19, the flange 5b of the first container 5 is sandwiched and held between the support surface 31b and the flat surface 26a of the first lid 26. This allows the first container 5 to be fixed so as not to move relative to the first support part 30. As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, when the flange 5b is covered with a covering member 12, the covering member 12 is interposed between the support surface 31b and the flat surface 26a of the first lid 26. Since the covering member 12 is made of an elastic body, the upper surface of the covering member 12 and the flat surface 26a of the first lid 26 are in close contact with each other, and the first inlet 10 can be completely covered by the first lid 26.

[0046] The ventilation device 7 is a device that passes air through the first container 5. As shown in Figs. 2 and 19, the ventilation device 7 has a cover 26 (hereinafter referred to as "first cover 26") and a fan 27. The first cover 26 is disposed so as to cover the upper part of the first container 5. More specifically, the first cover 26 covers the first intake 10 of the first container 5. The first cover 26 has a flat surface 26a disposed facing downward (the upper surface side of the flange 5b of the first container 5).

[0047] It is preferable that at least the flat surface 26a of the first lid body 26 is made of an elastic material such as rubber or soft resin. In this case, it is possible to reliably bring the upper surface of the covering member 12 and the flat surface 26a of the first lid body 26 into close contact with each other. It is also possible to omit the covering member 12 and bring the upper surface of the flange 5b and the flat surface 26a of the first lid body 26 into close contact with each other. As shown in Fig. 20, the pretreatment device 1 is provided with a lid lifting mechanism 29 that lifts and lowers the first lid body 26. The lid lifting mechanism 29 moves the first lid body 26 between a lowered position (see the imaginary line in Fig. 20) and an upper position (see the solid line in Fig. 20). When the first lid body 26 is in the lowered position, it abuts against the upper surface of the flange 5b to close the first inlet 10 of the first container 5. When the first lid body 26 is in the upper position, it moves away from the first inlet 10 of the first container 5. The lid lifting mechanism 29 is composed of, for example, a cylinder device, but is not particularly limited as long as it is capable of moving the first lid body 26 between the upper and lower positions.

[0048] As shown in Fig. 19, the fan 27 is disposed above the first inlet 10 of the first container 5. In Figs. 2 and 19, the fan 27 is disposed inside the first lid body 26. However, the fan 27 may be disposed outside the first lid body 26 (for example, above the first lid body 26, etc.). The fan 27 is provided to circulate air between the ventilation hole 5c formed in the first container 5 and the inside of the first container 5. As shown in Fig. 19, in the case of this embodiment, the fan 27 is an intake fan that generates an air flow from the ventilation hole 5c formed in the first container 5 toward the inside of the first container 5. However, the fan 27 may be an air supply fan that generates an air flow from the inside of the first container 5 toward the ventilation hole 5c.

[0049] 19, an exhaust port 26b is provided in the upper part of the first cover 26. An intake port 26c is provided in the lower part of the first cover 26. 19, when the fan 27 is driven, air outside the first container 5 is taken into the inside of the storage section 8 of the first container 5 through the air vent 5c, passes through the soil stored in the storage section 8, and is taken out of the first container 5 through the first inlet 10. The air taken out to the outside of the first container 5 enters the inside of the first cover 26 through the intake port 26c of the first cover 26, and is exhausted to the outside of the first cover 26 through the exhaust port 26b of the first cover 26.

[0050] In this manner, by driving the fan 27 of the ventilation device 7, air passes through the soil contained in the storage section 8. This causes the moisture contained in the soil to turn into water vapor and be removed to the outside of the first container 5 together with the air, accelerating the drying of the soil. As described above, the drying device 2 can promote the drying of the soil contained in the first container 5 by both the heating device 6 and the aeration device 7. Therefore, the soil contained in the first container 5 can be dried in a short time.

[0051] The pretreatment device 1 may be configured so that the first support part 30 supports one first container 5, but is preferably configured so that the first support part 30 supports a plurality of first containers 5 (see FIGS. 1 and 19). When the first support part 30 is configured so as to support a plurality of first containers 5, the drying device 2 can promote drying of the soil accommodated in the plurality of first containers 5. Here, the configuration in which the first support portion 30 supports the multiple first containers 5 will be described.

[0052] 1 and 2, a plurality of insertion holes 31a are formed in the first support plate 31 of the first support part 30. The container bodies 5a of the first containers 5 can be inserted into the respective insertion holes 31a. This allows the first support part 30 to support a plurality of first containers 5, as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the first support part 30 can support five first containers 5. However, the number of first containers 5 supported by the first support part 30 is not particularly limited, and may be six or more, or four or less.

[0053] 1 and 2, the first support portion 30 has a plurality of insertion holes 31a arranged in a row. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 19, the first support portion 30 can support a plurality of first containers 5 arranged in a row. However, the first support portion 30 may be configured to support a plurality of first containers 5 arranged in two or more rows. With this configuration, a large number of first containers 5 can be supported by the first support portion 30.

[0054] The heating device 6 is configured to be able to heat the multiple first containers 5 supported by the first support portion 30. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1, the heating devices 6 are arranged below the multiple insertion holes 31a. The multiple heating devices 6 are arranged so as to cover the outer circumferential surfaces of the storage portions 8 of the container bodies 5a inserted into the multiple insertion holes 31a, respectively. The aeration device 7 is configured to pass air through the multiple first containers 5 supported by the first support part 30. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 19, the aeration device 7 is arranged so that the first lid body 26 covers the multiple first containers 5 supported in a line by the first support part 30. The fans 27 are arranged at positions corresponding to each of the multiple first containers 5. In the case of this embodiment, the fans 27 are arranged above each of the multiple first containers 5. By driving the fans 27 arranged at positions corresponding to each of the multiple first containers 5, air can be reliably passed through the soil contained in the multiple first containers 5.

[0055] A plurality of measuring members 13 are provided corresponding to the plurality of first containers 5 supported by the first support portion 30, respectively. Specifically, the measuring members 13 are disposed below the plurality of storage sections 8, respectively. This allows the plurality of measuring members 13 to remove a certain volume of soil from each of the storage sections 8 of the plurality of first containers 5. In this case, the moving mechanism 20 is configured to have a plurality of push-out members 21 corresponding to the plurality of measuring members 13, respectively (see FIG. 21).

[0056] In this case, the multiple pushing members 21 move in a direction (front-rear direction) T1 (see FIG. 21) perpendicular to the arrangement direction (left-right direction) of the multiple first containers 5. The multiple pushing members 21 can be configured to be individually movable. In this case, the moving mechanism 20 can move the multiple measuring members 13 individually. The multiple pushing members 21 can be configured to be collectively movable. In this case, the moving mechanism 20 can move the multiple measuring members 13 collectively.

[0057] <Detection device> 15, the pre-treatment device 1 is equipped with a detection device 33 that detects soil overflowing from the measuring member 13 (specifically, from the measuring hole 13d). When the pre-treatment device 1 is equipped with a plurality of first containers 5, a plurality of detection devices 33 are provided corresponding to the respective measuring members 13 of the plurality of first containers 5. This allows the detection device 33 to individually detect soil overflowing from the respective measuring members 13 of the plurality of first containers 5 (from the measuring hole 13d).

[0058] The detection device 33 detects soil that has overflowed from the measurement hole 13d of the measurement member 13 (soil that did not fit into the measurement hole 13d). The detection device 33 has an irradiation unit 33a that irradiates light and a light receiving unit 33b that detects the light irradiated from the irradiation unit 33a. The irradiation unit 33a irradiates light toward the pipeline 17. The light receiving unit 33b detects the light that has passed through the pipeline 17. As shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, the detection device 33 is attached to the second attachment portion 36 provided on the first base portion 32 of the first support portion 30. The second attachment portion 36 is formed with a through hole 36a into which the container body of the first container 5 is inserted. The irradiation portion 33a is attached to the second attachment portion 36 forward of the through hole 36a. The light receiving portion 33b is attached to the second attachment portion 36 rearward of the through hole 36a. As a result, the irradiation portion 33a and the light receiving portion 33b are disposed with the first container 5 inserted into the through hole 36a between them. In the illustrated example, the irradiation portion 33a is disposed in front of the first container 5, and the light receiving portion 33b is disposed behind the first container 5, but the front-to-rear positional relationship between the irradiation portion 33a and the light receiving portion 33b may be reversed.

[0059] As shown in Figure 8, if there is no soil in pipeline 17 to block the light irradiated from irradiation unit 33a, the light irradiated from irradiation unit 33a passes through window front part 18a toward pipeline 17 (see arrow L1), passes through pipeline 17, and then passes through window rear part 18b to reach light receiving unit 33b (see arrow L2). 13, when there is soil in the pipeline 17 that blocks the light irradiated from the irradiator 33a, the light irradiated from the irradiator 33a passes through the window hole front portion 18a toward the pipeline 17 (see arrow L1), but is blocked by the soil in the pipeline 17 and cannot reach the light receiver 33b. Therefore, the light receiver 33b cannot detect the light.

[0060] As shown in Fig. 13, when there is soil in pipe 17 that blocks the light irradiated from irradiation unit 33a, measurement hole 13d is filled with soil. The soil that is dropped into measurement hole 13d fills measurement hole 13d and then overflows above measurement hole 13d. The soil that overflows from measurement hole 13d accumulates in pipe 17 located above measurement hole 13d. Therefore, the light irradiated from irradiation unit 33a is blocked by the soil in pipe 17 and does not reach light receiving unit 33b.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 13, the detection device 33 has a control unit 34. The control unit 34 is composed of a computer having a calculation unit (CPU, etc.) and a storage unit (RAM, ROM, etc.). In the control unit 34, the calculation unit executes various processes based on the programs, data, etc. stored in the storage unit. When the light irradiated from the irradiation unit 33a does not reach the light receiving unit 33b, the control unit 34 determines that the measurement hole 13d of the measurement member 13 is filled with soil (soil has overflowed from the measurement hole 13d). On the other hand, when the light irradiated from the irradiation unit 33a reaches the light receiving unit 33b, the control unit 34 determines that the measurement hole 13d of the measurement member 13 may not be filled with soil (soil has not overflowed from the measurement hole 13d).

[0062] When the control unit 34 determines that the measuring hole 13d of the measuring member 13 is filled with soil (when soil is detected by the detection device 33), it drives the moving mechanism 20. As a result, the moving mechanism 20 moves the measuring member 13 from the first position (see FIG. 13) to the second position (see FIG. 14). In other words, when soil is detected by the detection device 33, the moving mechanism 20 moves the measuring member 13 from the first position to the second position.

[0063] The upper edge (upper edge on the front side) of the through hole 5d forms a leveling portion 5f (see Figs. 3 and 14) that drops soil overflowing from the measuring hole 13d of the measuring member 13 into the inside of the first container 5 when the measuring member 13 moves from the first position to the second position. Therefore, when the measuring member 13 moves from the first position to the second position, only a certain volume of soil D1 filling the measuring hole 13d moves to the second position (see Fig. 14). When the measuring member 13 moves to the second position, the soil that filled the measuring hole 13d is taken out of the first container 5 and falls from the measuring hole 13d as shown by the arrow E1.

[0064] When the pretreatment device 1 includes a plurality of first containers 5, the movement mechanism 20 can individually move the measuring member 13 of each of the plurality of first containers 5 from the first position to the second position. Specifically, the movement mechanism 20 can move only the measuring member 13 of the first container 5 in which soil has been detected by the detection device 33 from the first position to the second position under the control of the control unit 34. This allows only the measuring member 13 in which a certain volume of soil has been filled in the measuring hole 13d to be moved to the second position among the plurality of measuring members 13.

[0065] Incidentally, the detection device 33 may have a reflective sensor in which the irradiating unit 33a and the light receiving unit 33b are integrated. In this case, the reflective sensor is disposed in front of or behind the pipeline 17, and when the light irradiated from the irradiating unit 33a is reflected by the soil in the pipeline 17, the reflected light is detected by the light receiving unit 33b. When the light receiving unit 33b detects the light, the control unit 34 determines that the measurement hole 13d of the measurement member 13 is filled with soil.

[0066] Furthermore, the pretreatment device 1 may be provided with a timing device (timer) instead of the detection device 33 as a device for detecting soil overflowing from the measuring member 13 (from the measuring hole 13d). In this case, the time (hereinafter referred to as the "predetermined time") until a predetermined volume of soil is accumulated in the measuring member 13 (the measuring hole 13d is filled) is measured in advance, and this predetermined time is stored in the memory of the control unit 34. The start of the predetermined time is, for example, the time when the first vibration mechanism 40 described later starts vibrating the first container 5. When a predetermined time has passed since the start of vibration, the control unit 34 determines that the measuring hole 13d of the measuring member 13 is filled with soil (soil has overflowed from the measuring hole 13d), and drives the moving mechanism 20 to move the measuring member 13 from the first position to the second position.

[0067] <Sieving device> Next, the sieving device 3 will be described. The sieving device 3 includes the above-mentioned mesh plate 15 and a vibration mechanism 40 (hereinafter referred to as "first vibration mechanism 40") that vibrates the first container 5. The configuration and arrangement of the mesh plate 15 are as described above. The first vibration mechanism 40 will be described below.

[0068] The first vibration mechanism 40 vibrates the first container 5 supported by the first support portion 30 . As shown in Fig. 16, Fig. 18, and Fig. 22, the first vibration mechanism 40 has a first motor 41, a motion converter 42, and a slider 43. Fig. 16, Fig. 18, and Fig. 22 show a state in which the first vibration mechanism 40 is applied to a configuration in which the first support part 30 supports one first container 5. However, it is of course possible to apply the first vibration mechanism 40 to a configuration in which the first support part 30 supports a plurality of first containers 5 (see Figs. 1, 2, etc.). In this case, the first vibration mechanism 40 vibrates the plurality of first containers 5 supported by the first support part 30.

[0069] As shown in Fig. 16, the first motor 41 is fixed on a first motor stand 88. The first motor stand 88 is supported from below by a first support leg 89. The first support leg 89 stands upright on a first mounting stand 154, which will be described later. As shown in Fig. 22, the first motor 41 has a first rotating shaft 41a extending downward. The motion conversion unit 42 converts the rotational motion of the first rotating shaft 41a of the first motor 41 into a reciprocating motion in the device width direction (left-right direction) B. As shown in Figs. 16, 18, and 22, the motion conversion unit 42 has a first cam body 46 and a first regulating plate 47. The first cam body 46 is attached to the lower part of the first rotating shaft 41a and rotates together with the first rotating shaft 41a. The first cam body 46 is provided with a protruding portion 46a that protrudes downward. As shown in Fig. 18, the protruding portion 46a is provided at a position eccentric to the first rotating shaft 41a (a position displaced from the axis of the first rotating shaft 41a). Therefore, the protruding portion 46a rotates in a circular locus in a plan view centered on the axis of the first rotating shaft 41a as the first rotating shaft 41a rotates.

[0070] The first regulating plate 47 regulates the movement direction of the first support part 30 that supports the first container 5. As shown in Figs. 16 and 22, the first regulating plate 47 is fixed to the first support part 30. More specifically, the first regulating plate 47 is fixed to the upper surface of the lower plate 32a provided at the lower part of the first base part 32 of the first support part 30. The first regulating plate 47 has a first groove 47a extending in the front-rear direction A. The protruding part 46a of the first cam body 46 is inserted into the first groove 47a.

[0071] The first support part 30 is fixed to a slider 43. The slider 43 allows the first support part 30 to move (slide) in the device width direction B. The slider 43 is mounted on a base 50. The surface on which the slider 43 is mounted (the upper surface of the base 50) is a horizontal plane. As shown in FIG. 22 , the base 50 has a first support stand 51, a second support stand 52, and a base plate 53.

[0072] The base plate 53 supports a first support stand 51 and a second support stand 52. The first support stand 51 supports a first support portion 30 via a slider 43 and the like. The second support stand 52 supports a second support portion 83 (described later) via a slider 140 (described later) and the like. As shown in Figs. 16, 22 and 23, the slider 43 has a fixed portion 43A and a moving portion 43B. The fixed portion 43A is fixed on a first mounting table 154 described later. A convex rib 43b extending in the device width direction B is formed on the upper surface of the fixed portion 43A. A concave rib 43c extending in the device width direction B is formed on the lower surface of the moving portion 43B. The convex rib 43b of the fixed portion 43A fits into the concave rib 43c of the moving portion 43B. This allows the moving portion 43B to move (slide) in the device width direction B relative to the fixed portion 43A.

[0073] 18, when the first rotating shaft 41a of the first motor 41 rotates in the direction of the arrow F1, the protruding portion 46a of the first cam body 46 rotates around the first rotating shaft 41a as shown by the arrow F2. Then, the protruding portion 46a moves in the front-rear direction (see arrow F3) within the first groove 47a, and accordingly, the first support portion 30 moves back and forth together with the moving portion 43B of the slider 43 in the device width direction (see arrow F4).

[0074] In this way, the first vibration mechanism 40 can reciprocate the first support part 30 in the device width direction B (see arrow F4) by the rotation of the first motor 41. As a result, the first container 5 supported by the first support part 30 reciprocates in the device width direction B and vibrates. The cover plate 16 inside the first container 5 is in the central position (see the left diagram of FIG. 12) in the initial state (state before vibration), but when the first container 5 vibrates, the cover plate 16 moves from the central position to the peripheral position (see the right diagram of FIG. 12). When the cover plate 16 moves to the peripheral position, at least a part of the passing part 15a of the mesh plate 15 is not covered by the cover plate 16 (see the right diagram of FIG. 12). Therefore, the soil accommodated in the accommodation part 8 of the first container 5 falls toward the measuring member 13 through the small holes 15d formed in the passing part 15a. In this way, by vibrating the first container 5 with the first vibration mechanism 40, the soil is able to pass through the passage section 15a, and the soil contained in the storage section 8 can be dropped toward the weighing member 13.

[0075] Here, the soil in the first container 5 is easily crushed by vibration because it has been dried by the drying device 2. Therefore, by vibrating the first container 5 by the first vibration mechanism 40, the soil in the first container 5 is crushed into fine particles. As a result, most of the soil in the first container 5 can pass through the small holes 15d and fall. On the other hand, foreign matter contained in the soil (e.g., plastic pieces, glass pieces, etc.) cannot be broken into fine particles by vibration and cannot pass through the small holes 15d. Therefore, the soil that passes through the small holes 15d and falls toward the measuring member 13 is soil of a predetermined particle size or less that contains almost no foreign matter.

[0076] <Shutter> 24A and 24B, the pre-processing device 1 can include a shutter 60 and a weight measuring device 61. The shutter 60 and the weight measuring device 61 can be provided instead of the detection device 33 described above, or can be used in combination with the detection device 33. The shutter 60 is disposed between the removal hole 11 of the first container 5 and the weighing member 13. The shutter 60 is movable between an allowable position (position shown in FIG. 24A) that allows the movement (fall) of soil from the removal hole 11 to the weighing member 13, and a blocking position (position shown in FIG. 24B) that blocks the movement (fall) of soil from the removal hole 11 to the weighing member 13. When in the allowable position, the shutter 60 covers the lower part of the removal hole 11. When in the blocking position, the shutter 60 does not cover the lower part of the removal hole 11. The movement of the shutter 60 is performed by driving a driving mechanism (not shown) such as a cylinder device or a motor.

[0077] When the pretreatment device 1 includes a plurality of first containers 5, a plurality of shutters 60 are provided so as to respectively correspond to the plurality of first containers 5. The plurality of shutters 60 can be moved individually (independently). The pre-processing device 1 is equipped with a control device 62 that controls the driving of the shutter 60. The control device 62 is composed of a computer having a calculation unit including a CPU etc. and a storage unit including a RAM, a ROM etc. The control device 62 drives the drive mechanism based on a program etc. stored in the storage unit to move the shutter 60.

[0078] The weight measuring device 61 measures the weight of the measuring member 13. The weight measuring device 61 is composed of, for example, a load cell. When the weight measured by the weight measuring device 61 reaches a predetermined value, the control device 62 operates a drive mechanism (not shown) to move the shutter 60 from the permitted position (see FIG. 24A) to the blocked position (see FIG. 24B). The predetermined value is the weight of the measuring member 13 with the measuring hole 13d filled with soil. This weight is measured in advance and stored as a predetermined value in the memory unit of the control device 62.

[0079] When the measuring hole 13d of the measuring member 13 is not filled with soil, the measured value of the weight of the measuring member 13 by the weight measuring device 61 does not reach a predetermined value. At this time, the control device 62 does not move the shutter 60 from the permissible position to the blocking position. Therefore, the shutter 60 remains in the permissible position (see FIG. 24A), and the movement (fall) of soil from the removal hole 11 to the measuring member 13 is permitted.

[0080] When the measuring hole 13d of the measuring member 13 is filled with soil, the weight of the measuring member 13 measured by the weight measuring device 61 reaches a predetermined value. At this time, the control device 62 moves the shutter 60 from the allowable position (see FIG. 24A) to the blocking position (see FIG. 24B). Therefore, the movement (fall) of soil from the removal hole 11 to the measuring member 13 is blocked by the shutter 60.

[0081] By controlling the movement of the shutter 60 as described above, it is possible to reliably fill the measuring hole 13d of the measuring member 13 with a certain volume of soil, while preventing excess soil exceeding the certain volume from being supplied from the removal hole 11 toward the measuring member 13. Furthermore, when the shutter 60 moves from the permissible position to the blocked position, the control unit 34 drives the moving mechanism 20. As a result, the moving mechanism 20 moves the measuring member 13, whose measuring hole 13d is filled with soil, from the first position (see FIG. 13) to the second position (see FIG. 14). In other words, when the shutter 60 moves from the permissible position to the blocked position, the moving mechanism 20 moves the measuring member 13 from the first position to the second position.

[0082] When the pretreatment device 1 includes a plurality of first containers 5, the movement mechanism 20 can move only the measuring member 13 of the first container 5 corresponding to the shutter 60 that has moved from the allowable position to the blocking position from the first position to the second position under the control of the control unit 34. This makes it possible to move only the measuring member 13 with a certain volume of soil filled in the measuring hole 13d from the first position to the second position, and to remove the certain volume of soil from the measuring hole 13d.

[0083] Furthermore, when the pretreatment device 1 includes a plurality of first containers 5, since there are also a plurality of measuring members 13, a plurality of weight measuring devices 61 are provided corresponding to the plurality of measuring members 13. In this case, the weights of the plurality of measuring members 13 can be measured by the plurality of weight measuring devices 61. Furthermore, when the pretreatment device 1 includes a plurality of first containers 5, the movement mechanism 20 can move all of the plurality of measuring members 13 from the first position (see FIG. 13) to the second position (see FIG. 14) when all of the plurality of shutters 60 have moved from the allowable position to the blocking position based on the control of the control unit 34. In this case, when even one of the plurality of shutters 60 has not moved from the allowable position to the blocking position, all of the plurality of measuring members 13 remain at the first position. Then, when all of the plurality of shutters 60 have moved from the allowable position to the blocking position, all of the plurality of measuring members 13 move from the first position to the second position. The movement of all of the plurality of measuring members 13 from the first position to the second position can be performed by moving the plurality of push-out members 21 of the movement mechanism 20 collectively.

[0084] <Weight calculation device, etc.> As described above, the pretreatment device 1 is provided with the measuring member 13 and the moving mechanism 20 as a removal mechanism capable of removing a certain volume of soil from the soil contained in the first container 5 (container 8). In other words, the measuring member 13 and the moving mechanism 20 constitute a removal mechanism 70 that removes a certain volume of soil from the first container 5.

[0085] The pretreatment device 1 preferably includes a weight calculation device 71 that calculates the weight of a certain volume of soil removed by the removal mechanism 70. Here, the configuration of the weight calculation device 71 will be described using as an example a case in which a plurality of first containers 5 are arranged linearly in the device width direction B (see FIG. 1). As shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, a weight calculation device 71 has a weighing platform 72, a weight measuring unit 73, and a calculation unit 74.

[0086] The weighing platform 72 has a mounting portion 75 on which the soil removed by the removal mechanism 70 is placed. The mounting portion 75 is provided on the upper surface of the weighing platform 72. The mounting portion 75 of the weighing platform 72 is disposed so as to be located below the measuring hole 13d when the measuring member 13 is in the second position. This allows a certain volume of soil that has dropped from the measuring hole 13d to be placed on the mounting portion 75 of the weighing platform 72.

[0087] The number of mounting portions 75 is set to be the same as the number of first containers 5. In the present embodiment, since the number of first containers 5 is five, the number of mounting portions 75 is also five. The multiple mounting portions 75 may be formed as one continuous flat surface, or each may be formed as a recess. The weighing platform 72 extends along the arrangement direction of the multiple first containers 5. The multiple mounting sections 75 are aligned along the arrangement direction of the first containers 5. In the present embodiment, the multiple first containers 5 are aligned in a straight line in the device width direction B. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 25 , the weighing platform 72 extends in a straight line along the device width direction B.

[0088] The weight measuring unit 73 measures the weight of the weighbridge 72 with soil placed on the placement unit 75. The weight measuring unit 73 is composed of, for example, a load cell. In this embodiment, the weight measuring unit 73 is composed of multiple (two) load cells (hereinafter referred to as "load cells 73"). The multiple load cells 73 support the weighbridge 72 from below. The calculation unit 74 calculates the weight of the soil of a certain volume based on the weight measured by the weight measurement unit 73. The calculation unit 74 is composed of a computer having an input unit to which the weight value measured by the load cell 73 is input, a calculation unit including a CPU and the like, and a storage unit storing a predetermined program and the like. The calculation unit 74 calculates the weight of the soil of a certain volume by the calculation unit executing the predetermined program based on the weight value input from the input unit. For example, the calculation unit 74 can calculate the weight of the soil of a certain volume placed on the placement unit 75 of the weighing platform 72 by subtracting the weight value of the weighing platform 72 stored in advance in the storage unit from the weight value measured by the load cell 73.

[0089] According to the above-mentioned configuration, the weight of a certain volume of soil taken out by the take-out mechanism 70 can be calculated by the weight calculation device 71. This has the excellent advantages described below. The removal mechanism 70 (the measuring member 13 and the moving mechanism 20) can remove a certain volume of soil from the soil contained in the first container 5. However, the certain volumes of soil removed from multiple first containers 5 may vary in weight and are not necessarily the same weight. This is because even for the same certain volume of soil, the weight will be different if the soil density is high (few voids) and if the soil density is low (many voids).

[0090] After the soil has been treated (pretreated) by the pretreatment device 1, the components contained in the soil are analyzed by an analyzer, and the analysis results are generally calculated as the "content of each component per unit weight" (for example, "A mg of nitrogen content per 1 g of soil"). Therefore, in order to obtain accurate analysis results, it is necessary to accurately grasp the weight of a certain volume of soil that has been treated by the pretreatment device 1. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately grasp the weight of each of the certain volumes of soil removed from the multiple first containers 5.

[0091] When the pretreatment device 1 is equipped with the weight calculation device 71 described above, it is possible to calculate the weight of each of the fixed volumes of soil taken out from the first containers 5. Therefore, by reflecting the weight of the soil calculated by the weight calculation device 71 in the analysis result by the analysis device, it is possible to obtain an accurate analysis result. Moreover, the pretreatment device 1 preferably includes a device for continuously calculating the weight of a certain volume of soil taken out from the plurality of first containers 5 (hereinafter referred to as a “continuous calculation device 77”).

[0092] 26, in the continuous calculation device 77, the take-out mechanism 70 has a plurality of push-out members 21 arranged corresponding to the plurality of first containers 5, respectively. This allows the take-out mechanism 70 to take out a certain volume of soil from each of the plurality of first containers 5. The multiple pushing-out members 21 push out the weighing members 13 one by one in sequence from the multiple first containers 5. In other words, the moving mechanism 20 moves the multiple weighing members 13 one by one in sequence from the first position to the second position. FIG. 26 shows a state in which the leftmost weighing member 13 has moved to the second position, and the other weighing members 13 are in the first position. When the weighing member 13 has moved to the second position, the soil contained in the weighing member 13 (soil D1 contained in the measuring hole 13d) falls toward the placement section 75.

[0093] 25, the weighing platform 72 has a plurality of placement sections 75 on which the soil taken out from each of the first containers 5 is placed. The take-out mechanism 70 takes out a certain volume of soil from each of the first containers 5 one by one in order (by dropping it through the measurement hole 13d) and places it on each of the different placement sections 75. For example, if there are five first containers 5, the weighing platform 72 will first be loaded with a certain volume of soil taken from one first container 5, then with a certain volume of soil taken from two first containers 5, then with a certain volume of soil taken from three first containers 5, then with a certain volume of soil taken from four first containers 5, and finally with a certain volume of soil taken from all five first containers 5. The weight measuring unit 73 measures the weight of the weighing platform 72 each time soil is loaded on the multiple loading units 75.

[0094] The weight calculation device 71 calculates a difference value by subtracting the measured weight value when the soil is placed on N mounting parts 75 from the measured weight value when the soil is placed on N+1 mounting parts 75 (N is an integer equal to or greater than 0), and calculates the difference value as the weight of the soil placed on each of the multiple mounting parts 75. This calculation method will be described in detail below with reference to the table shown in Fig. 27. Note that, here, an example will be described in which the number of first containers 5 is five.

[0095] First, the weight calculation device 71 calculates the weight of a certain volume of soil (first sample) taken out from the first first container 5 and placed on the placement section 75. This calculation is performed by subtracting the weight value of the weighbridge 72 from the measured weight value of the weighbridge 72 when the soil taken out from the first first container 5 is placed on it. In the example shown in FIG. 27, the measured weight value of the weighbridge 72 when the soil taken out from the first first container 5 is placed on it is 110.01 g. Meanwhile, the weight value of the weighbridge 72 is calculated in advance, and is 100.00 g in this example. Therefore, the calculated weight value of the first sample is (110.01 g - 100.00 g = 10.01 g). This calculated value is the difference value obtained by subtracting the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when soil is placed on 0 mounting portions 75 (100.00 g) from the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when soil is placed on one mounting portion 75 (110.01 g).

[0096] Next, the weight calculation device 71 calculates the weight of a certain volume of soil (second sample) taken out from the second first container 5 and placed on the placement section 75. This calculation is performed by subtracting the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the first first container 5 is placed on it from the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the second first container 5 is placed on it. In the example shown in FIG. 27, the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the second first container 5 is placed on it is 120.03 g, and the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the first first container 5 is placed on it is 110.01 g. Therefore, the calculated weight of the second sample is (120.03 g - 110.01 g = 10.02 g). This calculated value is the difference value obtained by subtracting the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when soil is placed on one mounting portion 75 (110.01 g) from the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when soil is placed on two mounting portions 75 (120.03 g).

[0097] Next, the weight calculation device 71 calculates the weight of a certain volume of soil (third sample) taken out from the third first container 5 and placed on the placement section 75. This calculation is performed by subtracting the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the second first container 5 is placed on it from the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the third first container 5 is placed on it. In the example shown in FIG. 27, the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the third first container 5 is placed on it is 130.03 g, and the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the second first container 5 is placed on it is 120.03 g. Therefore, the calculated weight of the third sample is (130.03 g - 120.03 g = 10.00 g). This calculated value is the difference value obtained by subtracting the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when soil is placed on two mounting portions 75 (120.03 g) from the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when soil is placed on three mounting portions 75 (130.03 g).

[0098] Next, the weight calculation device 71 calculates the weight of a certain volume of soil (fourth sample) taken out from the fourth first container 5 and placed on the placement section 75. This calculation is performed by subtracting the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the third first container 5 is placed on it from the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the fourth first container 5 is placed on it. In the example shown in FIG. 27, the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the fourth first container 5 is placed on it is 140.01 g, and the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the third first container 5 is placed on it is 130.03 g. Therefore, the calculated weight of the fourth sample is (140.01 g - 130.03 g = 9.98 g). This calculated value is the difference value obtained by subtracting the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when soil is placed on three mounting portions 75 (130.03 g) from the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when soil is placed on four mounting portions 75 (140.01 g).

[0099] Next, the weight calculation device 71 calculates the weight of a certain volume of soil (fifth sample) taken out from the fifth first container 5 and placed on the placement section 75. This calculation is performed by subtracting the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the fourth first container 5 is placed on it from the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the fifth first container 5 is placed on it. In the example shown in FIG. 27, the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the fifth first container 5 is placed on it is 149.98 g, and the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when the soil taken out from the fourth first container 5 is placed on it is 140.01 g. Therefore, the calculated weight of the fifth sample is (149.98 g - 140.01 g = 9.97 g). This calculated value is the difference value obtained by subtracting the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when soil is placed on four mounting portions 75 (140.01 g) from the measured weight of the weighing platform 72 when soil is placed on five mounting portions 75 (149.98 g).

[0100] As described above, the continuous calculation device 77 can continuously calculate the weight of a certain volume of soil taken out from a plurality of first containers 5. Therefore, it becomes possible to efficiently, quickly and accurately calculate the weight of a certain volume of soil taken out from a plurality of first containers 5.

[0101] <Extraction device> Next, the extraction device 4 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1, 20, 22 and 28, the extraction device 4 includes a second container 80. The second container 80 is a container that contains the soil from which foreign matter has been removed by the sieving device 3, and is supplied with an extraction liquid used to extract components of the contained soil. By supplying the extraction liquid to the second container 80, the components contained in the soil contained in the second container 80 are extracted, and the liquid containing these components is subjected to analysis.

[0102] As shown in Figures 28, 29, and 30, the second container 80 has a container body 80a and a flange 80b formed on the upper part of the container body 80a. The second container 80 has a disk-shaped bottom 80c and a cylindrical peripheral wall 80d rising from the outer edge of the bottom 80c. The bottom 80c and the peripheral wall 80d form a cylindrical container body 80a with a bottom. As shown in Figures 1, 29 and 30, the upper part of the second container 80 (the upper part of the container body 80a) is provided with an inlet 80e (hereinafter referred to as "second inlet 80e") for introducing soil. A flange 80b is formed around the second inlet 80e. As shown in Figures 29 and 30, the bottom part of the second container 80 is provided with a liquid outlet hole 80f for taking out the permeated liquid, which is the extract that has passed through the soil. The second container 80 is provided with a cylindrical part 80g rising from the bottom part 80c around the liquid outlet hole 80f.

[0103] As shown in FIG. 29, the liquid outlet hole 80f is formed at the center of the bottom portion 80c. In this embodiment, the liquid outlet hole 80f is a circular hole. The tubular portion 80g is formed in a cylindrical shape. The center of the liquid outlet hole 80f and the center (axis) of the tubular portion 80g are aligned. The inner diameter of the tubular portion 80g is larger than the diameter of the liquid outlet hole (circular hole) 80f. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the tubular portion 80g is at least twice (specifically, at least three times) the diameter of the liquid outlet hole 80f. The height of the tubular portion 80g is lower than the height of the peripheral wall portion 80d. In this embodiment, the height of the tubular portion 80g is less than half (specifically, less than one-third) of the height of the peripheral wall portion 80d.

[0104] As shown in Fig. 30, the second container 80 has a downward protruding portion 80h that protrudes downward from the bottom portion 80c. The downward protruding portion 80h protrudes downward from the center of the bottom portion 80c. The liquid outlet hole 80f is formed by penetrating the downward protruding portion 80h. The outer diameter of the downward protruding portion 80h becomes smaller as it goes downward. As shown in FIG. 31, a liquid guide member 81 can be attached to the downward protruding portion 80h. The liquid guide member 81 has a cylindrical portion 81a and a flange portion 81b. The cylindrical portion 81a has a liquid guide hole 81c. The flange portion 81b is provided at a vertical midpoint of the cylindrical portion 81a. An upper portion of the cylindrical portion 81a can be fitted onto the downward protruding portion 80h. With the cylindrical portion 81a fitted onto the downward protruding portion 80h, the liquid outlet hole 80f and the liquid guide hole 81c communicate with each other.

[0105] As shown in Figures 28, 31, 22, etc., the extraction device 4 includes a lid 82 (hereinafter referred to as "second lid 82"). The second lid 82 closes the second inlet 80e of the second container 80. The second lid 82 comes into contact with the upper surface of the flange 80b of the second container 80 to close the second inlet 80e. As shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the second lid 82 is provided with a liquid injection section 82a for supplying the extract into the second container 80, and an air injection section 82b for supplying air into the second container 80.

[0106] The liquid injecting section 82a has a liquid injecting hole 82c penetrating the second cover 82, and a liquid injecting pipe 82d connected to the liquid injecting hole 82c. One end of a liquid injecting tube 82e is connected to the liquid injecting pipe 82d. As shown in FIG. 20, the other end of the liquid injecting tube 82e is connected to a liquid supplying device 200. The configuration of the liquid supplying device 200 will be described later.

[0107] The extraction liquid supplied from the liquid supply device 200 through the tube 82e is injected into the second container 80 from the liquid injection hole 82c via the pipe body 82d (see arrow G1 in FIG. 31). The extraction liquid injected into the second container 80 extracts components contained in the soil D1 contained in the second container 80. The air injection section 82b has an air injection hole 82g penetrating the second cover 82, and an air injection pipe 82h connected to the air injection hole 82g. One end of an air injection tube 82i is connected to the air injection pipe 82h. The other end of the air injection tube 82i is connected to an air supply device (not shown) such as an air cylinder or an air compressor.

[0108] Air supplied from the air supply device through tube 82i is injected into second container 80 from air injection hole 82g via pipe body 82h (see arrow G2 in FIG. 32). The air injected into second container 80 increases the pressure inside second container 80, causing the extract to permeate the soil and pass through it, and the passing liquid, which is the extract that has passed through the soil, is pushed out from liquid outlet hole 80f (see arrow G3 in FIG. 32).

[0109] As shown in Fig. 32, the passing liquid pushed out from the liquid outlet hole 80f is received in a receiving container 96 arranged below the second container 80. The receiving container 96 has a cylindrical portion 96a and a bottom plate portion 96b. The upper portion of the cylindrical portion 96a is open. The bottom plate portion 96b is provided so as to close the lower end of the cylindrical portion 96a. As shown in Fig. 1, when the pretreatment device 1 includes a plurality of second containers 80, the receiving container 96 is arranged below each of the second containers 80. The receiving container 96 is installed on the base 50.

[0110] As shown in FIG. 20, the extractor 4 includes a lid moving mechanism 28 that moves the second lid body 82. The lid moving mechanism 28 moves the second lid body 82 between a first position (see the imaginary line in FIG. 20) and a second position (see the solid line in FIG. 20). When the second lid body 82 is in the first position, it blocks the second inlet 80e of the second container 80. When the second lid body 82 is in the second position, it moves away from the second inlet 80e of the second container 80. The lid moving mechanism 28 is, for example, a cylinder device or the like, but is not particularly limited as long as it can move the second lid body 82 between the first position and the second position. In addition, the movement direction of the second lid body 82 by the lid moving mechanism 28 is not limited to the up-down direction C (see FIG. 20), and may be other directions such as the front-rear direction or the width direction of the device.

[0111] As shown in Figures 1, 22, 28, 31, etc., the extraction device 4 has a second support part 83 that supports the second container 80. The second support part 83 has a fixed body 84 and a movable body 85. The fixed body 84 is fixed on a slider 140 described later. The movable body 85 is tiltable around a horizontal axis relative to the fixed body 84. The fixed body 84 has a first portion 84a and a second portion 84b. The first portion 84a rotatably supports the movable body 85. The second portion 84b supports the first portion 84a from below.

[0112] The movable body 85 has a second support plate 86 and a second base 87. The second support plate 86 may be a thin plate (see FIG. 1) or a thick plate (block) (see FIGS. 22, 28, and 31). As shown in FIGS. 1, 22, and 31, the second support plate 86 is formed with an insertion hole 86a into which the cylindrical portion 80g of the second container 80 is inserted. The upper surface of the second support plate 86 supports the flange 80b of the second container 80 from below. The second base 87 extends downward from the rear of the second support plate 86.

[0113] As shown in FIG. 33, the extraction device 4 includes a tilting mechanism 90 capable of changing the second container 80 between an upright position and an inclined position. In FIG. 33, the second container 80 in the upright position is shown by a virtual line, and the second container 80 in the inclined position is shown by a solid line. When the second container 80 is in the upright position, the central axis CL1 of the second container 80 faces the up-down direction (vertical direction). When the second container 80 is in the inclined position, the central axis CL1 of the second container 80 faces the up-down direction (vertical line). When the second container 80 is in the inclined position, the inclination angle (angle with respect to the vertical line) is set to, for example, 30°. However, the inclination angle is not limited to 30°, and is set to, for example, a range of 20° to 45°.

[0114] The tilting mechanism 90 changes the second container 80 between an upright position and an inclined position by moving the movable body 85 of the second support part 83. As shown in Figs. 20, 28 and 33, the tilting mechanism 90 has a support shaft 91 that supports the movable body 85, and a rotation operation part 92 that rotates the movable body 85 together with the support shaft 91. The support shaft 91 is rotatable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, the axis of the support shaft 91 extends in the width direction of the machine body. The support shaft 91 penetrates the first part 84a of the fixed body 84. 28 and 31, the rotation operation unit 92 has a mounting body 93 attached to one end of a support shaft 91, and a handle 94 attached to the mounting body 93. The mounting body 93 is formed in a cylindrical shape. The handle 94 is attached to a protrusion 97 protruding upward from the outer circumferential surface of the mounting body 93.

[0115] When the handle 94 is pushed down to rotate the support shaft 91 (see arrow H1 in FIG. 31), the mounting body 93 rotates around the support shaft 91. With this rotation of the mounting body 93, the support shaft 91 rotates around the axis CM (see arrow H2 in FIG. 31). In this way, the support shaft 91 rotates around the axis CM, and the movable body 85 of the second support part 83 rotates together with the support shaft 91. As a result, the second container 80 moves (tilts) together with the movable body 85, so that the second container 80 can be changed from an upright position (position shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 33) to an inclined position (position shown by the solid line in FIG. 33). Also, when the handle 94 is rotated in the opposite direction (opposite to the arrow H1), the second container 80 can be changed from the inclined position to an upright position.

[0116] As shown in FIG. 28 and FIG. 31, in this embodiment, the mounting body 93 is attached to the first portion 84a of the fixed body 84 by a plurality of screws 95 (two in this embodiment). The two screws 95 are inserted into two through holes formed in the mounting body 93 and screwed into two screw holes formed in the first portion 84a. The two through holes and the two screw holes are formed at intervals on an arc centered on the support shaft 91. When the screws 95 are removed from the screw holes, the mounting body 93 becomes rotatable. When the screws 95 are screwed into the screw holes, the mounting body 93 becomes non-rotatable. When the mounting body 93 becomes non-rotatable, the inclination of the movable body 85 can be changed. When the mounting body 93 becomes rotatable, the inclination of the movable body 85 is fixed.

[0117] The tilt mechanism 90 can fix the movable body 85 at a first position (the position shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 33) and a second position (the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 33). When the two through holes and the two screw holes are overlapped and two screws 95 are screwed into the screw holes, the movable body 85 is fixed at the first position. When the upper through hole and the lower screw hole are overlapped and one screw 95 is screwed into the lower screw hole, the movable body 85 is fixed at the second position.

[0118] 31 and 33, the tilting mechanism 90 has a stopper 98 that restricts the tilting of the movable body 85. When the movable body 85 is tilted from the first position toward the second position, the stopper 98 comes into contact with the movable body 85 that has reached the second position. Therefore, the tilting of the movable body 85 beyond the second position is restricted (prevented). This makes it possible to keep the tilt angle constant when the second container 80 is in the tilted position.

[0119] As shown in Fig. 20, the second container 80 is disposed below the first container 5. Then, as shown in Fig. 34A, the second container 80 (specifically, the container body 80a) is located at a position that does not overlap with the first container 5 in a plan view when in an upright position. As shown in Fig. 20, when the second container 80 changes from an upright position to an inclined position, the upper part of the second container 80 is inclined in the horizontal direction toward the first container 5. Then, as shown in Fig. 34B, when the second container 80 is in an inclined position with the measuring member 13 of the first container 5 in the second position (the position shown in Fig. 20), the upper part of the second container 80 (the upper part of the container body 80a) is in a position overlapping with the measuring member 13 of the first container 5 (a position overlapping with the measuring hole 13d) in a plan view.

[0120] Therefore, as shown by arrow J1 in Figures 20 and 35, soil filled in the measuring hole 13d of the measuring member 13 located at the second position of the first container 5 can be dropped into the second container 80 from above the second container 80. That is, in the inclined position, the second container 80 can receive soil dropped from the measuring member 13 (through the measuring hole 13d). That is, in the inclined position, the second container 80 can receive a certain volume of soil from which foreign matter has been removed by the sieving device 3.

[0121] As shown in FIG. 35, when the second container 80 receives soil dropped from the measuring member 13 in the inclined position, the soil is received on the outside (outer periphery) of the cylindrical portion 80g. More specifically, when the second container 80 receives soil dropped from the measuring member 13 in the inclined position, the soil is received by contacting the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 80d (see arrow J1). At this time, the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 80d is an inclined surface inclined in the up-down direction (vertical direction). Therefore, the soil dropped from the measuring member 13 slides down along the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 80d and is stopped by contacting the peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 80g. This makes it possible to prevent the soil supplied from the measuring member 13 from dropping directly from the liquid outlet hole 80f.

[0122] The second container 80, in the inclined position, receives the soil supplied from the measuring member 13 and is then returned to the upright position. As shown in Fig. 31, after the second container 80 is returned to the upright position, the extraction liquid is supplied from the liquid injection part 82a of the second lid 82 (see arrow G1). When the second container 80 is changed from the upright position to the tilted position by the tilting mechanism 90, the second lid body 82 may be removed from the second container 80 (see arrow N1 in FIG. 33), or the second lid body 82 may be attached to the second container 80. When tilting the second container 80 with the second lid body 82 removed, the second container 80 is returned to the upright position, and then the second lid body 82 is attached to the second container 80.

[0123] When the second support portion 83 is configured to support one second container 80, the tilting mechanism 90 changes the position of the single second container 80 between an upright position and an inclined position. When the second support portion 83 of the extraction device 4 is configured to support multiple second containers 80 as shown in Fig. 1, the tilting mechanism 90 can change the position of the multiple second containers 80 simultaneously between an upright position and an inclined position. When the second support portion 83 is configured to support a plurality of second containers 80, a plurality of insertion holes 86a are formed in the second support plate 86 of the second support portion 83. The container bodies 80a of the second containers 80 can be inserted into the respective insertion holes 86a. This enables the second support portion 83 to support a plurality of second containers 80.

[0124] 1 and 2, the second support portion 83 has a plurality of insertion holes 86a arranged in a row. Therefore, the second support portion 83 can support a plurality of second containers 80 arranged in a row. When the number of second containers 80 is large, the second support portion 83 may be configured to support a plurality of second containers 80 arranged in two or more rows. The number of second containers 80 supported by the second support portion 83 is the same as the number of first containers 5 supported by the first support portion 30. In the case of this embodiment, the second support portion 83 can support five second containers 80. A second lid body 82 is disposed corresponding to each of the multiple second containers 80. Therefore, the number of second containers 80 and the number of second lid bodies 82 are the same.

[0125] As shown in Fig. 36, the extraction device 4 has a liquid supplying section 100 capable of supplying an extract to each of the plurality of second containers 80 supported by the second support section 83. The liquid supplying section 100 has a liquid injecting section 82a formed on each of the plurality of second lids 82. The configuration of the liquid injecting section 82a is as shown in Fig. 31. That is, as shown in Fig. 31, the liquid injecting section 82a has a liquid injecting hole 82c penetrating the second lid 82 and a liquid injecting tube 82d connected to the liquid injecting hole 82c. One end of a liquid injecting tube 82e is connected to the liquid injecting tube 82d.

[0126] 36, the liquid injection hole 82c is formed in each of the second lids 82. The tubes 82d are connected to the liquid injection holes 82c. One end of the tube 82e is connected to each of the tubes 82d. The other end of the tubes 82e is connected to a discharge nozzle 204a of a syringe 204 of the liquid supply device 200, which will be described later. According to the extraction device 4 equipped with the liquid supply unit 100 having the above-described configuration, it is possible to supply the extract to each of the plurality of second containers 80 supported by the second support portion 83, as shown by the arrow K1.

[0127] The extraction device 4 has an air supply unit 110 capable of supplying air to each of the multiple second containers 80 supported by the second support unit 83. The air supply unit 110 has air injection units 82b formed on each of the multiple second lids 82. The configuration of the air injection units 82b is as shown in FIG. 32. That is, as shown in FIG. 32, the air injection unit 82b has an air injection hole 82g penetrating the second lid 82 and an air injection tube 82h connected to the air injection hole 82g. One end of an air injection tube 82i is connected to the air injection tube 82h.

[0128] 36, an air injection hole 82g is formed in each of the second lids 82. A pipe 82h is connected to each of the air injection holes 82g. A tube 82i is connected to each of the pipes 82h. The tubes 82i are connected to an air supply device (not shown) such as an air cylinder or an air compressor. According to the extraction device 4 equipped with the air supply unit 110 having the above-described configuration, it is possible to supply air to each of the plurality of second containers 80 supported by the second support portion 83, as indicated by the arrow K2.

[0129] <Second vibration mechanism> As shown in FIGS. 22, 28 and 37, the extraction device 4 includes a vibration mechanism 130 that vibrates the second container 80 (hereinafter, referred to as the “second vibration mechanism 130”). The second vibration mechanism 130 vibrates the second container 80 supported by the second support portion 83 . The second vibration mechanism 130 has a second motor 131, a motion conversion unit 132, and a slider 140. Note that Figs. 22, 28, and 37 show a state in which the second vibration mechanism 130 is applied to a configuration in which the second support unit 83 supports one second container 80. However, it is of course possible to apply the second vibration mechanism 130 to a configuration in which the second support unit 83 supports a plurality of second containers 80 (see Figs. 1, 2, etc.). In this case, the second vibration mechanism 130 vibrates the plurality of second containers 80 supported by the second support unit 83.

[0130] As shown in Fig. 22, the second motor 131 has a second rotating shaft 131a extending downward. As shown in Fig. 28, the second motor 131 is fixed onto a second motor stand 135. The second motor stand 135 is supported from below by a second support leg 136. The second support leg 136 is erected on a second mounting stand 163 described later. The motion conversion unit 132 converts the rotational motion of the second rotating shaft 131a of the second motor 131 into a circular motion. The motion conversion unit 132 has a second cam body 137 and a second regulating plate 138. The second cam body 137 is attached to the lower part of the second rotating shaft 131a and rotates together with the second rotating shaft 131a. The second cam body 137 is provided with a protruding portion 137a that protrudes downward. As shown in FIG. 37, the protruding portion 137a is provided at a position eccentric to the second rotating shaft 131a. Therefore, the protruding portion 137a rotates in a circular locus in a plan view centered on the axis of the first rotating shaft 41a as the second rotating shaft 131a rotates.

[0131] The second regulating plate 138 regulates the movement direction of the second support portion 83 that supports the second container 80. The second regulating plate 138 is formed in a thick circular plate shape. The second regulating plate 138 is fixed to the second support portion 83. More specifically, the second regulating plate 138 is fixed to the upper surface of the fixed body 84 of the second support portion 83 (the upper surface of the second portion 84b). As shown in Figs. 28 and 37, the second regulating plate 138 has a circular hole 138a. The protruding portion 137a of the second cam body 137 is inserted into the circular hole 138a.

[0132] 22, the second support part 83 (fixed body 84, movable body 85) is disposed on a slider 140. The fixed body 84 of the second support part 83 is fixed onto the slider 140. The slider 140 is disposed on the second support base 52 of the base 50. The slider 140 allows the second support part 83 to move (slide) in the device width direction and the front-rear direction. As shown in FIGS. 22, 28, and 38, the slider 140 includes a first slider 141 and a second slider 142.

[0133] As shown in FIG. 38, the first slider 141 has a first fixed portion 141A and a first moving portion 141B. The first fixed portion 141A is fixed on a second mounting table 163 described later. A convex rib 141c extending in the front-rear direction is formed on the upper surface of the first fixed portion 141A. A concave rib 141d extending in the front-rear direction A (a third direction parallel to the upper surface of the base 50) is formed on the lower surface of the first moving portion 141B. The convex rib 141c of the first fixed portion 141A is fitted into the concave rib 141d of the first moving portion 141B. This allows the first moving portion 141B to move (slide) in the front-rear direction A relative to the first fixed portion 141A.

[0134] As shown in FIG. 38, the second slider 142 has a second fixed portion 142A and a second moving portion 142B. The second fixed portion 142A is fixed to the upper portion of the first moving portion 141B. A convex streak 142c extending in the device width direction B is formed on the upper surface of the second fixed portion 142A. A concave streak 142d extending in the device width direction (a fourth direction parallel to the upper surface of the base 50 and perpendicular to the third direction) is formed on the lower surface of the second moving portion 142B. The convex streak 142c of the second fixed portion 142A is fitted into the concave streak 142d of the second moving portion 142B. This allows the second moving portion 142B to move (slide) in the device width direction B relative to the second fixed portion 142A.

[0135] In this way, since the slider 140 includes a first slider 141 that is movable in the front-rear direction A and a second slider 142 that is movable in the device width direction B, the second support portion 83 is movable in the front-rear direction and the device width direction (left-right direction). Although not shown, the slider 43 of the first vibration mechanism 40 described above may have the same configuration as the slider 140. That is, the slider 43 may include a first slider 141 and a second slider 142. In this case, the first support part 30 is also movable in the front-rear direction and the device width direction.

[0136] As shown in Fig. 37, when the second rotating shaft 131a of the second motor 131 rotates in the direction of the arrow M1, the protruding portion 137a of the second cam body 137 rotates around the second rotating shaft 131a as shown by the arrow M2. Then, the second regulating plate 138 is pushed by the protruding portion 137a inserted into the circular hole 138a, and thus rotates together with the protruding portion 137a. Here, the second support portion 83 is movable in the device width direction and the front-rear direction by the slider 140, and thus is capable of rotational movement. Therefore, the second support portion 83 rotates in accordance with the rotational movement of the second regulating plate 138 (see arrow M3).

[0137] In this way, the second vibration mechanism 130 can rotate the second support part 83 by the rotation of the second motor 131. This causes the second container 80 supported by the second support part 83 to vibrate (circularly move). The vibration of the second container 80 stirs the extraction liquid and soil in the second container 80. This allows the extraction liquid to be distributed evenly throughout the soil.

[0138] The second vibration mechanism 130 vibrates the second container 80 in an inclined position (the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 33). When the second container 80 in an upright position is vibrated, the soil in the second container 80 is biased toward the peripheral wall due to centrifugal force, making it difficult to mix with the extraction liquid. On the other hand, when the second container 80 in an inclined position is vibrated, the soil moves significantly in a complex manner within the second container 80 and is not biased toward the peripheral wall, making it easier to mix with the extraction liquid.

[0139] In order to prevent the extract or soil from overflowing from the second inlet 80e, it is preferable that the vibration of the second container 80 by the second vibration mechanism 130 is performed with the second inlet 80e closed by the second lid 82. However, when the second container 80 is vibrated under conditions (such as the tilt angle and vibration strength) that prevent the extract or soil from overflowing from the second inlet 80e, the second container 80 may be vibrated with the second lid 82 removed from the second container 80.

[0140] The vibration of the second container 80 by the second vibration mechanism 130 is preferably performed in a state where the liquid outlet hole 80f (see Figs. 29 and 30) is blocked. As shown in Fig. 33, the extraction device 4 has a cap 149 that prevents leakage of the passing liquid (extracted liquid that has passed through the soil) from the liquid outlet hole 80f. The cap 149 is made of a flexible material (for example, a gel material or soft rubber). The cap 149 abuts against the lower end of the liquid guide member 81 attached to the downward protruding portion 80h of the second container 80 to block the liquid outlet hole 80f (so that the liquid outlet hole 80f is not in communication with the outside). When the liquid guide member 81 is not attached, the cap 149 abuts against the lower end of the downward protruding portion 80h to block the liquid outlet hole 80f.

[0141] 33, the cap 149 is disposed at a position where it comes into contact with the liquid guiding member 81 or the lower end of the downward protrusion 80h when the second container 80 is in the inclined position. As a result, when the second container 80 is in the inclined position, the liquid outlet hole 80f is blocked by the cap 149. Since the vibration of the second container 80 by the second vibration mechanism 130 is performed with the second container 80 in the inclined position, the liquid outlet hole 80f is blocked by the cap 149 when the second vibration mechanism 130 vibrates the second container 80. Therefore, leakage of the passing liquid from the liquid outlet hole 80f is prevented during the vibration of the second container 80 by the second vibration mechanism 130.

[0142] As shown in Fig. 33, the extraction device 4 may include a pressure adjusting device 120 capable of adjusting the pressure in the second container 80. The pressure adjusting device 120 includes a negative pressure generating device 121 such as a vacuum pump, and a tube 122 connected to the negative pressure generating device 121. The tube 122 can be connected to a pipe body 82h connected to an air injection hole 82g provided in the second lid 82. The negative pressure generating device 121 is driven to suck air from the second container 80 through the tube 122, thereby creating a negative pressure in the second container 80.

[0143] The pressure adjustment device 120 creates a negative pressure in the second container 80 when the second vibration mechanism 130 vibrates the second container 80. This makes it possible to prevent the passing liquid from leaking out of the liquid outlet hole 80f during the vibration of the second container 80 by the second vibration mechanism 130 without using the cap 149.

[0144] <Anti-vibration mechanism> 22 and other figures, the preprocessing device 1 is provided with an anti-vibration mechanism 150 that reduces vibrations propagating from the support parts (first support part 30, second support part 83) to the base 50. In the following description, the first support part 30 and the second support part 83 may be collectively referred to as the "support part 153." The anti-vibration mechanism 150 is interposed between the support part 153 and the base 50. The vibration isolation mechanism 150 includes a first vibration isolation mechanism 151 and a second vibration isolation mechanism 152. The first vibration isolation mechanism 151 reduces vibrations propagating from the first support part 30 to the base 50. The second vibration isolation mechanism 152 reduces vibrations propagating from the second support part 83 to the base 50. Note that in Figs. 1 and 2, only the first vibration isolation mechanism 151 is shown in a simplified manner, and the second vibration isolation mechanism 152 is omitted.

[0145] First, the first vibration isolation mechanism 151 will be described. 22, the first vibration isolation mechanism 151 has a mounting table 154 (hereinafter referred to as "first mounting table 154") and an intermediate body 155 (hereinafter referred to as "first intermediate body 155"). The first mounting table 154 is mounted on the base 50 (specifically, on the first support table 51). The first support part 30 is mounted on the first mounting table 154 via a slider 43. The first intermediate body 155 is interposed between the base 50 and the first mounting table 154.

[0146] The first intermediate body 155 includes a spring 156 that connects the base 50 and the first mounting table 154. The spring 156 connects the first support table 51 of the base 50 and the first mounting table 154. The first support table 51 is provided with a fixing portion 51a that fixes one end of the spring 156. As shown in FIG. 39, the spring 156 includes a pair of first springs 157, 157. The first springs 157 are attached to the left and right parts of the first mounting table 154, respectively. The first springs 157 extend in a first direction parallel to the upper surface of the base 50. The first direction coincides with the moving direction of the moving part 43B of the slider 43 of the first vibration mechanism 40. In the case of this embodiment, the first direction is the device width direction B. As a result, the pair of first springs 157, 157 can attenuate vibration in the device width direction B. As a result, the springs 156 can reduce vibration in the device width direction (left and right direction) propagating from the first support part 30 to the base 50.

[0147] As shown in FIG. 22 and FIG. 39, the first intermediate body 155 includes a ball roller 160 (hereinafter referred to as "first ball roller 160") interposed between the base 50 and the first mounting table 154. The first ball roller 160 is disposed between the first support table 51 of the base 50 and the first mounting table 154. The first ball roller 160 has a spherical ball 161 and a ball holding portion 162 that rotatably holds the ball 161. The ball holding portion 162 is fixed to the upper surface of the first support table 51 of the base 50. The ball 161 is held in a state where the upper surface is exposed from the ball holding portion 162. The ball 161 can rotate 360° in any direction while being held by the ball holding portion 162. The upper portion (vertex) of the ball 161 abuts against the lower surface (horizontal surface) of the first mounting table 154.

[0148] The first ball rollers 160 are arranged at at least three locations in the same plane parallel to the upper surface of the base 50 to support the first mounting table 154. As a result, the first mounting table 154 is supported by the first ball rollers 160 at at least three points, so that the first mounting table 154 is supported in a stable state. As shown in FIG. 22, in this embodiment, the first ball rollers 160 are arranged at three locations (three rollers) in the same plane parallel to the upper surface of the base 50. Also, as shown in FIG. 39, the three first ball rollers 160 are arranged in an equilateral triangle shape in a plan view.

[0149] According to the above-mentioned first vibration isolation mechanism 151, since the first ball roller 160 is interposed between the base 50 and the first mounting table 154, the first mounting table 154 can move on the base 50 (first support table 51) relative to the base 50. Therefore, when the first support part 30 is vibrated by the first vibration mechanism 40, the vibration of the first support part 30 is transmitted to the first mounting table 154 via the slider 43, but this vibration is not directly transmitted to the base 50 because the first mounting table 154 moves relative to the base 50. In addition, the movement (vibration) of the first mounting table 154 is transmitted to the base 50 via the spring 156. Therefore, the vibration transmitted from the first mounting table 154 to the base 50 is attenuated by the spring 156.

[0150] By the action of the first ball roller 160 and the spring 156 described above, the first vibration isolation mechanism 151 can reduce the vibration propagating from the first support part 30 to the base 50 . Next, the second vibration isolation mechanism 152 will be described. 22, the second vibration isolation mechanism 152 has a mounting table 163 (hereinafter referred to as the "second mounting table 163") and an intermediate body 164 (hereinafter referred to as the "second intermediate body 164"). The second mounting table 163 is mounted on the base 50 (specifically, on the second support table 52). The second support part 83 is mounted on the second mounting table 163 via the slider 140. The second intermediate body 164 is interposed between the base 50 and the second mounting table 163.

[0151] The second intermediate body 164 includes a spring 166 that connects the base 50 and the second mounting table 163. The spring 166 connects the second support table 52 of the base 50 and the second mounting table 163. The second support table 52 is provided with a fixing portion 52a that fixes one end of the spring 166. 40, the spring 166 includes a first spring 167 and a second spring 168. The first spring 167 and the second spring 168 are each composed of a pair of springs. The first spring 167 is attached to the left and right parts of the second mounting table 163. The second springs 168 are attached to the front and rear parts of the second mounting table 163.

[0152] The first spring 167 extends in a first direction parallel to the upper surface of the base 50. The first direction coincides with the moving direction of the second moving part 142B of the slider 140 of the second vibration mechanism 130. In this embodiment, the first direction is the device width direction B. The second spring 158 extends in a second direction parallel to the upper surface of the base 50 and perpendicular to the first direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the moving direction of the first moving part 141B of the slider 140 of the second vibration mechanism 130. In this embodiment, the second direction is the front-rear direction A.

[0153] The first spring 167 damps vibrations in the device width direction, thereby reducing vibrations in the device width direction (left-right direction) propagating from the second support portion 83 to the base 50. The second spring 168 damps vibrations in the front-rear direction, thereby reducing vibrations in the front-rear direction propagating from the second support portion 83 to the base 50. The second intermediate body 164 includes a ball roller 170 (hereinafter referred to as "second ball roller 170") interposed between the base 50 and the second mounting table 163. The second ball roller 170 is disposed between the second support table 52 of the base 50 and the second mounting table 163. The second ball roller 170 has a spherical ball 171 and a ball holding portion 172 that rotatably holds the ball 171. The configuration of the second ball roller 170 is similar to that of the first ball roller 160. The upper portion (apex) of the ball 171 abuts against the lower surface (horizontal surface) of the second mounting table 163.

[0154] The second ball rollers 170 are arranged at least in three places in the same plane parallel to the upper surface of the base 50 to support the second mounting table 163. As shown in Fig. 22, in this embodiment, the second ball rollers 170 are arranged at three places (three pieces) in the same plane parallel to the upper surface of the base 50. Also, as shown in Fig. 40, the three second ball rollers 170 are arranged in an equilateral triangle shape in a plan view.

[0155] According to the second vibration isolation mechanism 152 described above, since the second ball roller 170 is interposed between the base 50 and the second mounting table 163, the second mounting table 163 can move on the base 50 (second support table 52) relative to the base 50. Therefore, when the second support part 83 is vibrated by the second vibration mechanism 130, the vibration of the second support part 83 is propagated to the second mounting table 163 via the slider 140, but this vibration is not directly propagated to the base 50 because the second mounting table 163 moves relative to the base 50. In addition, the movement (vibration) of the second mounting table 163 is propagated to the base 50 via the spring 156. Therefore, the vibration propagated from the second mounting table 163 to the base 50 is attenuated by the spring 156.

[0156] By the action of the second ball roller 170 and the spring 156 described above, the second vibration isolation mechanism 152 can reduce the vibration propagating from the second support portion 83 to the base 50 . The pre-processing device 1 includes the first vibration isolation mechanism 151 and the second vibration isolation mechanism 152 described above. This can reduce vibrations propagating from the support 153 (first support 30, second support 83) to the base 50 in both cases where the first vibration mechanism 40 and the second vibration mechanism 130 are operated. This can prevent the desk or table on which the pre-processing device 1 is placed from vibrating when the pre-processing device 1 performs pre-processing (sieving by the sieving device 3, stirring before extraction by the extraction device 4). As a result, it can prevent objects placed on the desk or table on which the pre-processing device 1 is installed from falling and can prevent other work from being hindered on the desk or table.

[0157] <Liquid supply device> As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the pretreatment device 1 includes a liquid supplying device 200 that supplies an extract to the extraction device 4. The liquid supplying device 200 is disposed on a base 50. In Figs. 1 and 2, the liquid supplying device 200 is disposed below the drying device 2, the sieving device 3, and the extraction device 4. However, the position at which the liquid supplying device 200 is disposed is not limited to the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2. For example, the liquid supplying device 200 may be disposed on the base 50 at a position shifted in the front-rear or left-right direction relative to the drying device 2, the sieving device 3, and the extraction device 4. In addition, all or a part of the liquid supplying device 200 (for example, a tank 201 described later) may be disposed at a position away from the base 50.

[0158] As shown in Fig. 41, the liquid supplying device 200 includes a tank 201 for storing the extract liquid. Also, as shown in Figs. 41, 42 and 43, the liquid supplying device 200 includes a plurality of supply tools 202 capable of individually supplying the extract liquid to each of the second containers 80. Also, as shown in Fig. 41, the liquid supplying device 200 includes a plurality of supply pipes 203 connecting each of the supply tools 202 to each of the second containers 80.

[0159] As shown in Figures 42 and 43, multiple supply tools 202 are fixed to substrate 224 by fixing members 223A and 223B. Fixing member 223A fixes the front parts of supply tools 202 to the surface of substrate 224. Fixing member 223B fixes the middle part of supply tool 202 in the front-to-rear direction to the surface of substrate 224. As shown by the imaginary line in Figure 42, the upper part of fixing member 223A and the upper part of fixing member 223B are connected by plate member 225. Plate member 225 covers the upper part of the front parts of multiple supply tools 202.

[0160] The multiple supply tools 202 are arranged parallel to each other. In the present embodiment, the multiple supply tools 202 are arranged in a row in the horizontal direction. However, the multiple supply tools 202 may be arranged in two or more rows, or may be arranged in the vertical direction. Each of the supplying tools 202 has a syringe 204 for putting the extraction liquid therein, and a plunger 205 for pushing out the extraction liquid contained in the syringe 204. The tip of the syringe 204 is provided with a discharge nozzle 204a.

[0161] The plurality of supply pipes 203 connect each of the syringes 204 of the plurality of supply tools 202 to each of the plurality of second containers 80. One end of the supply pipe 203 is connected to the discharge nozzle 204a. The other end of the supply pipe 203 is connected to the tube 82d of the liquid injecting section 82a provided on the second cover 82. The supply pipe 203 includes the above-mentioned tube 82e for liquid injection (see Figs. 20 and 31). The supply pipe 203 may be composed of only the tube 82e, or may be a tube 82e connected to another tube.

[0162] As shown in FIG. 41, a three-way switching valve 206 is provided in the middle of each of the supply pipes 203. The three-way switching valve 206 has a first port 207, a second port 208, and a third port 209. A first pipe 210 connected to the syringe 204 is connected to the first port 207. A second pipe 211 connected to the tank 201 is connected to the second port 208. A third pipe 212 connected to the second container 80 is connected to the third port 209. The first pipe 210 constitutes a part of the supply pipe 203 (a part on the syringe 204 side). The third pipe 212 constitutes the remaining part of the supply pipe 203 (a part on the second container 80 side).

[0163] The three-way switching valve 206 is switchable between a first state and a second state. When the three-way switching valve 206 is switched to the first state, the first port 207 and the second port 208 are in a communication state. In this state, when the plunger 205 is pulled (retracted), the extract in the tank 201 is sucked out (see arrow P1), passes through the second tube 211 and enters the second port 208, exits from the first port 207, and is supplied into the syringe 204 through the first tube 210.

[0164] When the three-way switching valve 206 is switched to the second state, the first port 207 and the third port 209 are in a communication state. In this state, when the plunger 205 is pushed (moved forward), the extraction liquid in the syringe 204 passes through the first tube 210 and enters the first port 207, exits from the third port 209, and is supplied into the second container 80 through the third tube 212 (see arrow P2). 42 and 43, liquid supplying device 200 has a cylinder device 220 that simultaneously moves plungers 205 of multiple supply tools 202. Cylinder device 220 is fixed to substrate 224 by fixing portion 226. Rod 221 of cylinder device 220 extends in the longitudinal direction of syringe 204, and advances and retreats in the longitudinal direction of syringe 204.

[0165] A linear guide 227 is attached to the surface of the substrate 224. The linear guide 227 has a guide rail 227a fixed to the surface of the substrate 224, and a moving member 227b movable along the guide rail 227a. The guide rail 227a extends in the longitudinal direction of the syringe 204 (the direction in which the rod 221 advances and retreats). The guide rails 227a are respectively disposed on one end side and the other end side in the arrangement direction of the multiple supply tools 202.

[0166] The plungers 205 of the multiple supply tools 202 are connected by a connecting member 222. The connecting member 222 extends in the arrangement direction of the multiple supply tools 202. The connecting member 222 is connected to a moving member 227b. One end side of the connecting member 222 is connected to one of the moving members 227b. The other end side of the connecting member 222 is connected to the other moving member 227b. The connecting member 222 is movable along the guide rail 227a together with the moving member 227b.

[0167] The rod 221 of the cylinder device 220 is connected to a connecting member 222. As a result, when the cylinder device 220 is driven to move the rod 221 back and forth, the plungers 205 of the multiple supply tools 202 move simultaneously. As a result, the extraction liquid can be taken into the multiple syringes 204 simultaneously from the tank 201. In addition, the extraction liquid can be simultaneously supplied from the multiple syringes 204 to the multiple second containers 80. Therefore, it is possible to significantly shorten the time required to supply the extraction liquid from the tank 201 to the multiple second containers 80.

[0168] 44, the liquid supplying device 200 may have a plurality of cylinder devices 220 for individually moving the plungers 205 of the plurality of supplying tools 202. In this case, the extract can be supplied to the plurality of second containers 80 at different times or selectively.

[0169] <Base> As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 22, a base 50 supports a drying device 2, a sieving device 3 and an extracting device 4. In the pre-treatment device 1, the drying device 2, the sieving device 3 and the extracting device 4 are supported by a common base 50. In other words, the pre-treatment device 1 is an apparatus in which the drying device 2, the sieving device 3 and the extracting device 4 are integrated via the base 50. Therefore, the pre-treatment device 1 can be made smaller than when the drying device 2, the sieving device 3 and the extracting device 4 are configured as multiple separate devices. In addition, since multiple pre-treatments (drying treatment, sieving treatment, extraction treatment) required for soil analysis can be performed by a single pre-treatment device 1, the work efficiency can be improved.

[0170] 1 and 2, the base 50 may be configured to support the liquid supplying device 200 in addition to the drying device 2, the sieving device 3, and the extracting device 4. In this case, the pre-treatment device 1 is configured such that the drying device 2, the sieving device 3, the extracting device 4, and the liquid supplying device 200 are supported by a common base 50. In other words, the pre-treatment device 1 is an apparatus in which the drying device 2, the sieving device 3, the extracting device 4, and the liquid supplying device 200 are integrated via the base 50. In this case, it is preferable to place the components of the liquid supplying device 200 other than the tank 201 on the base 50.

[0171] By integrating the drying device 2, sieving device 3, extraction device 4, and liquid supplying device 200 via the base 50, the pretreatment device 1 can be made smaller than when the drying device 2, sieving device 3, extraction device 4, and liquid supplying device 200 are each configured as separate devices. In addition, since multiple pretreatment processes required for soil analysis (drying process, sieving process, liquid supply, and extraction process) can be performed by a single pretreatment device 1, it is possible to improve work efficiency.

[0172] <Pretreatment method> Next, the pretreatment method performed by the pretreatment device 1 will be described. First, soil collected from the field is stored in the storage section 8 of the first container 5. The soil stored in the storage section 8 is dried by the drying device 2. Specifically, the storage section 8 is heated by the heating device 6, and air is passed through the storage section 8 by the aeration device 7, thereby drying the soil stored in the storage section 8. Then, the first vibration mechanism 40 of the sieving device 3 is operated to vibrate the first container 5. At this time, the soil in the storage section 8 is dried by the drying device 2, so that it is easily crumbled by vibration. Therefore, the soil in the storage section 8 is broken into fine particles with a particle size less than a predetermined size by the vibration, and passes through the mesh plate 15. Foreign matter contained in the soil cannot pass through the mesh plate 15 and remains in the storage section 8. The soil that has passed through the mesh plate 15 falls toward the measuring member 13 through the pipe 17.

[0173] The soil that has fallen through the pipe 17 enters the measuring hole 13d of the measuring member 13 and fills the measuring hole 13d. When the measuring hole 13d is filled with soil, the moving mechanism 20 is driven and the push-out member 21 pushes the measuring member 13. This pushes the measuring member 13 to the second position where the measuring hole 13d protrudes outside the first container 5. When the measuring member 13 is pushed to the second position, the soil that has filled the measuring hole 13d falls. The fallen soil is received by the second container 80, which is in an inclined position.

[0174] After the entire amount of soil (a fixed volume of soil) filled in the measuring hole 13d has been received into the second container 80, the second container 80 is placed in an upright position. With the second container 80 placed in the upright position, the second inlet 80e is closed by the second lid 82. Next, the extract is supplied into the second container 80 from the liquid injector 82a provided in the second lid 82. The supply of the extract is performed by driving the liquid supply device 200.

[0175] After the extraction liquid is supplied, the second container 80 is placed in an inclined position with the second inlet 80e closed by the second lid 82. The second container 80 is then vibrated by the second vibration mechanism 130 in the inclined position. This agitates the soil and the extraction liquid in the second container 80, and the extraction liquid is distributed evenly throughout the soil. Next, the second container 80 is placed in an upright position, and air is supplied into the second container 80 from the air injection section 82b provided on the second lid 82. As a result, the extract that has permeated the soil is pushed out by the air pressure, and is taken out from the liquid outlet hole 80f as a permeated liquid, which is the extract that has passed through the soil. The permeated liquid taken out from the liquid outlet hole 80f is stored in the receiving container 96.

[0176] The permeated liquid received in the receiving vessel 96 is a liquid containing components contained in the soil. This permeated liquid is subjected to soil analysis by a soil analyzer. There are no particular limitations on the type of soil analyzer used, and various types of analyzers generally used for analyzing soil in farm fields and the like can be used.

[0177] <Modification> FIG. 45 shows a modified example of the pretreatment device 1. In the pretreatment device 1 of the modified example, the sieve device 3 and the extractor 4 are detachable from a common mounting table 184. The sieve device 3 and the extractor 4 can be selectively mounted on the mounting table 184. More specifically, the sieve device 3 and the extractor 4 can be selectively mounted on the mounting table 184 via a slider 180. The slider 180 is attached to the upper surface of the mounting table 184.

[0178] In the embodiment described above, the base 50 has the first support base 51 and the second support base 52, but in the modified example, the base 50 has a single support base 182. A single mounting base 184 is disposed on the support base 182. A slider 180 is disposed on the mounting base 184. The configuration of the slider 180 is the same as the configuration of the slider 140 described above. Therefore, the slider 180 includes a first slider 141 and a second slider 142. The configurations of the first slider 141 and the second slider 142 are as described above.

[0179] The first fixed portion 141A of the first slider 141 is fixed to the upper surface of the mounting table 184. The first moving portion 141B is disposed above the first fixed portion 141A and is movable (slidable) in the front-rear direction A relative to the first fixed portion 141A. The second fixed portion 142A of the second slider 142 is fixed to an upper portion of the first moving portion 141B. The second moving portion 142B is disposed above the second fixed portion 142A and is movable (slidable) in the device width direction B relative to the second fixed portion 142A.

[0180] The sieving device 3 and the extraction device 4 can be selectively attached to the upper surface of the slider 180 (the upper surface of the second moving part 142B). More specifically, the first support part 30 that supports the first container 5 and the second support part 83 that supports the second container 80 can be selectively attached to the upper surface of the slider 180 (the upper surface of the second moving part 142B). 16 and 45, the first support portion 30 supports the drying device 2 and the sieving device 3. Therefore, in the pretreatment device 1 of the modified example, the drying device 2 and the sieving device 3, and the extraction device 4 are detachable from the common mounting table 184.

[0181] The second moving part 142B and the first support part 30 or the second support part 83 are detachably fixed by a fastener such as a bolt. By removing the fastener, the second moving part 142B and the first support part 30 or the second support part 83 can be separated. Therefore, the pre-processing device 1 can select a state in which the second moving part 142B and the first support part 30 are fixed (see arrow Q1) and a state in which the second moving part 142B and the second support part 83 are fixed (see arrow Q2).

[0182] When the second moving section 142B and the first support section 30 are fixed to each other, the first support leg 89 is fixed to the upper surface of the mounting table 184. When the second moving section 142B and the second support section 83 are fixed to each other, the second support leg 136 is fixed to the upper surface of the mounting table 184. In the pre-processing device 1, when the second moving part 142B and the first support part 30 are fixed (see arrow Q1), the drying device 2 and the sieving device 3 are placed on the mounting table 184. In the pre-processing device 1, when the second moving part 142B and the second support part 83 are fixed (see arrow Q2), the extraction device 4 is placed on the mounting table 184.

[0183] According to the pre-treatment device 1 of the modified example, the drying device 2 and sieving device 3 and the extraction device 4 can be selectively placed on the mounting table 184, so that when performing drying and sieving, the drying device 2 and sieving device 3 can be placed on the mounting table 184 and the sieving can be performed, and when performing extraction, the extraction device 4 can be placed on the mounting table 184 and the extraction can be performed. Therefore, the size of the pre-treatment device 1 can be reduced during each treatment, making it possible to reduce the installation space for the pre-treatment device 1.

[0184] In the above-described modified example, a configuration may be adopted in which the first motor 41 of the first vibration mechanism 40 and the second motor 131 of the second vibration mechanism 130 are combined. In this case, one motor can be used as the first motor 41 of the first vibration mechanism 40 and the second motor 131 of the second vibration mechanism 130.

[0185] <Effects> The pretreatment device 1 for soil analysis according to the above embodiment has the following advantages. The pre-treatment device 1 is a pre-treatment device that processes soil collected in a field before analyzing the components contained in the soil, and is equipped with a drying device 2 that dries the collected soil, a sieving device 3 that removes foreign matter from the soil dried by the drying device 2, an extraction device 4 that supplies an extraction liquid to the soil from which the foreign matter has been removed for extracting the components contained in the soil, and a base 50 that supports the drying device 2, the sieving device 3, and the extraction device 4.

[0186] According to this configuration, the drying device 2, sieving device 3, and extraction device 4 are supported on a common base 50, making it possible to efficiently carry out multiple pretreatment steps required before analyzing the soil with the soil analysis device, and also reducing the installation space. The drying device 2 also has a first container 5 for storing soil, a heating device 6 for heating the first container 5, and an aeration device 7 for passing air through the first container 5.

[0187] According to this configuration, the soil stored in the first container 5 can be aerated by the aeration device 7 and heated by the heating device 6, so that the soil can be reliably dried in a short time. In addition, the first container 5 has an extraction hole 11 for removing the stored soil, and the sieving device 3 is arranged to cover the extraction hole 11 and is equipped with a mesh plate 15 that prevents foreign matter from passing through, and a first vibration mechanism 40 that vibrates the first container 5.

[0188] According to this configuration, by vibrating the first container 5 with the first vibration mechanism 40, the soil contained in the first container 5 can be loosened while passing through the mesh plate 15 and removed from the removal hole 11. Therefore, foreign matter contained in the soil can be removed by the mesh plate 15, and only soil that does not contain foreign matter and is smaller than a predetermined particle size can be removed from the removal hole 11.

[0189] The extraction device 4 also includes a second container 80 for containing the soil from which foreign matter has been removed, and a lid (second lid 82) for closing an inlet (second inlet 80e) for introducing soil into the second container 80. A liquid outlet 80f is formed in the bottom of the second container 80 for extracting the passed liquid, which is the extract that has passed through the soil. The lid (second lid 82) includes a liquid injection section 82a for supplying the extract into the second container 80, and an air injection section 82b for supplying air into the second container 80.

[0190] According to this configuration, with the inlet (second inlet 80e) of the second container 80 closed with the lid (second lid 82), the extraction liquid can be supplied into the second container 80 from the liquid injection section 82a, and air can be supplied into the second container 80 from the air injection section 82b. Therefore, the extraction liquid and air can be easily and reliably supplied to the soil contained in the second container 80. In addition, air pressure can be applied to the soil contained in the second container 80 by the air supplied from the air injection section 82b, so that the extraction liquid can be reliably permeated into the soil in a short time.

[0191] The extraction device 4 also includes a second vibration mechanism 130 that vibrates the second container 80 to agitate the extraction liquid and the soil in the second container 80. According to this configuration, by vibrating the second container 80, the extraction liquid can be distributed evenly throughout the soil contained in the second container 80, thereby ensuring that the components contained in the soil contained in the second container 80 are extracted.

[0192] The drying device 2 also has a first support portion 30 that supports a plurality of first containers 5, the heating device 6 heats the plurality of first containers 5 supported by the first support portion 30, and the ventilation device 7 passes air through the plurality of first containers 5 supported by the first support portion 30. According to this configuration, the soil stored in multiple first containers 5 can be ventilated by the aeration device 7 and heated by the heating device 6, so that the soil in multiple first containers 5 can be dried reliably simultaneously in a short period of time.

[0193] The drying device 2 further includes a first support portion 30 that supports the plurality of first containers 5, and the first vibration mechanism 40 vibrates the plurality of first containers 5 supported by the first support portion 30. According to this configuration, the soil contained in the multiple first containers 5 can be loosened simultaneously, while foreign matter contained in the soil can be removed by the mesh plate 15 and removed from the removal hole 11.

[0194] The extraction device 4 also has a second support portion 83 that supports a plurality of second containers 80, and the second vibration mechanism 130 vibrates the plurality of second containers 80 supported by the second support portion 83. According to this configuration, since the plurality of second containers 80 can be vibrated simultaneously, the extraction liquid can be distributed evenly throughout the soil contained in the plurality of second containers 80 in a short period of time. The extraction device 4 also has a liquid supplying section 100 that supplies the extract to each of the second containers 80 supported by the second support section 83.

[0195] According to this configuration, the extraction liquid can be supplied to each of the multiple second containers 80, making it possible to efficiently extract components contained in the soil contained in the multiple second containers 80. In addition, the pre-processing device 1 is equipped with a tilting mechanism 90 that can change the second container 80 between an upright position and an inclined position, and the second container 80 is positioned lower than the first container 5 and is in a position that does not overlap with the first container 5 in a planar view when in the upright position, and when changing from the upright position to the inclined position, the upper part of the second container 80 tilts horizontally in a direction approaching the first container 5.

[0196] According to this configuration, when the second container 80 is in an upright position, extraction liquid and air can be supplied from above the second container 80 without being obstructed by the first container 5, and when the second container 80 is in an inclined position, it becomes easier to supply the soil contained in the first container 5 to the second container 80. The pre-treatment device 1 also includes a first container 5 having a storage section 8 for storing the collected soil, a measuring member 13 for extracting a certain volume of soil from the soil stored in the storage section 8, and a moving mechanism 20 for moving the measuring member 13, and the moving mechanism 20 moves the measuring member 13 from a first position inside the first container 5 where the measuring member 13 measures a certain volume, to a second position where the certain volume of soil measured by the measuring member 13 is extracted outside the first container 5.

[0197] According to this configuration, a certain volume of soil can be removed from the storage unit 8 that stores the collected soil by moving the measuring member 13, which has measured a certain volume at the first position, to the second position by the moving mechanism 20. Furthermore, the operation of storing a certain volume of soil in the storage unit 8 and the operation of removing the soil from the storage unit 8 can be efficiently performed as a series of operations.

[0198] In addition, the first container 5 has a through hole 5d that penetrates the first container 5 in the movement direction of the weighing member 13, the weighing member 13 is fitted into the through hole 5d, and the moving mechanism 20 has an extrusion member 21 that is inserted into the through hole 5d and extrudes a portion of the weighing member 13 from the through hole 5d. According to this configuration, since the measuring member 13 is fitted into the through hole 5d of the first container 5, foreign matter is less likely to enter the measuring member 13, and measuring can be performed with high accuracy. In addition, by pushing a part of the measuring member 13 out of the through hole 5d, a certain volume of soil measured by the measuring member 13 can be taken out of the first container 5.

[0199] Additionally, the upper edge of the through hole 5d constitutes a leveling portion 5f that drops soil overflowing from the measuring member 13 into the first container 5 when the measuring member 13 moves from the first position to the second position. According to this configuration, when the measuring member 13 moves from the first position to the second position, excess soil can be dropped into the inside of the first container 5 by the leveling portion 5f, so that only the required volume of soil can be removed to the outside of the first container 5.

[0200] Furthermore, the measuring member 13 has a measuring hole 13d that passes through the measuring member 13 in the vertical direction, and the pushing member 21 pushes the measuring member 13 in the horizontal direction. According to this configuration, the soil can be easily dropped from above into the inside of the measurement hole 13d, and by pushing out the measurement member 13, the soil that has entered the measurement hole 13d can be made to drop and easily removed.

[0201] Furthermore, measurement hole 13d is formed in a tapered shape such that the hole area gradually increases from the top to the bottom. According to this configuration, the soil is less likely to form bridges inside measurement hole 13d, so that the soil can be smoothly and reliably dropped and removed from measurement hole 13d. The pre-processing device 1 also includes a detection device 33 that detects soil overflowing from the measuring member 13, and the moving mechanism 20 moves the measuring member 13 from the first position to the second position when soil is detected by the detection device 33.

[0202] According to this configuration, the measuring member 13 can be moved from the first position to the second position when the necessary amount of soil has accumulated in the measuring member 13. Therefore, the measuring member 13 can be moved from the first position to the second position with a necessary fixed volume of soil reliably secured. In addition, a transparent conduit 17 is provided at the bottom of the first container 5, through which the soil falls toward the measuring member 13, and the detection device 33 has an irradiation unit 33a that irradiates light toward the conduit 17, and a light receiving unit 33b that detects the light that has passed through the conduit 17.

[0203] According to this configuration, when soil has accumulated in the pipeline 17, the light irradiated from the irradiating unit 33a is blocked by the soil, and the light cannot be detected by the light receiving unit 33b. When soil has accumulated in the pipeline 17, a required amount (a fixed volume) of soil has accumulated in the measuring member 13. Therefore, by the detection device 33 detecting a state in which light is not detected by the light receiving unit 33b, it is possible to detect a state in which a required amount (a fixed volume) of soil has accumulated in the measuring member 13.

[0204] The pretreatment device 1 also includes a sieving device 3 that removes foreign matter from the soil, and the soil from which the foreign matter has been removed by the sieving device 3 is supplied to the measuring member 13. According to this configuration, the soil after the foreign matter has been removed can be weighed by the measuring member 13, so that the volume of the soil can be accurately measured by the measuring member 13. The first container 5 also has an extraction hole 11 for removing the stored soil, and the sieving device 3 is arranged to cover the extraction hole 11 and is equipped with a mesh plate 15 that prevents the passage of foreign objects of a predetermined size or larger contained in the soil stored in the first container 5, and a vibration mechanism (first vibration mechanism 40) that vibrates the first container 5.

[0205] According to this configuration, foreign matter contained in the soil accommodated in the first container 5 can be removed by the mesh plate 15, and then the soil can be removed from the removal hole 11. In addition, the mesh plate 15 has a passage portion 15a that allows soil with a particle size less than a predetermined size to pass through, and inside the first container 5 is arranged a cover plate 16 that is movable between a central position that covers the passage portion 15a and a peripheral position that exposes at least a portion of the passage portion 15a, and the cover plate 16 moves from the central position to the peripheral position when the first container 5 vibrates.

[0206] According to this configuration, by placing the cover plate 16 in the central position before vibrating the first container 5, the soil can be prevented from passing through the passage section 15a and the soil can be accumulated in the first container 5. Furthermore, by vibrating the first container 5, the cover plate 16 can be moved from the central position to the peripheral position, allowing soil with a particle size smaller than a predetermined size to pass through the passage section 15a and be removed from the removal hole 11.

[0207] The pre-treatment device 1 also includes a shutter 60, a control device 62 that controls the operation of the shutter 60, and a weight measuring device 61 that measures the weight of the weighing member 13 when soil is contained in the weighing member 13, and the first container 5 has an extraction hole 11 for removing the contained soil, and the shutter 60 is positioned between the extraction hole 11 and the weighing member 13 and is movable between an allowable position that allows the movement of soil from the extraction hole 11 to the weighing member 13 and a blocking position that prevents the movement of soil from the extraction hole 11 to the weighing member 13, and the control device 62 moves the shutter 60 from the allowable position to the blocking position when the weight measurement value by the weight measuring device 61 reaches a predetermined value.

[0208] According to this configuration, when the weight measured by the weight measuring device 61 reaches a predetermined value, the shutter 60 is moved from the permissible position to the blocking position, thereby reliably moving a constant volume of soil from the removal hole 11 to the weighing member 13 and preventing excess soil from moving to the weighing member 13. In addition, a plurality of first containers 5 are provided, a plurality of weighing members 13 are provided corresponding to each of the storage sections 8 of the plurality of first containers 5, a plurality of weight measuring devices 61 are provided corresponding to each of the plurality of weighing members 13, a plurality of shutters 60 are provided corresponding to each of the plurality of weighing members 13, and the control device 62 moves one of the plurality of shutters 60 corresponding to a weighing member 13 whose weight measurement value measured by the weight measuring device 61 has reached a predetermined value from the allowable position to the blocking position, and when all of the plurality of shutters 60 have moved from the allowable position to the blocking position, the moving mechanism 20 moves all of the plurality of weighing members 13 from the first position to the second position.

[0209] According to this configuration, the shutter 60 can be moved from the permitting position to the blocking position when a certain volume of soil is accumulated in all of the first containers 5. Therefore, a certain volume of soil can be reliably transferred to the measuring member 13 in all of the first containers 5, and excess soil can be prevented from transferring to the measuring member 13. The pretreatment device 1 also includes a first container 5 having an intake (first intake 10) for introducing soil, and an aeration device 7 having a lid (first lid 26) that covers the intake (first intake 10) and a fan 27, and the first container 5 has an air vent 5c at a position different from the intake (first intake 10) that allows air generated by the fan 27 to pass through.

[0210] According to this configuration, when the fan 27 of the ventilation device 7 is driven, an air flow is generated between the ventilation hole 5c and the intake (first intake 10), making it possible to efficiently and reliably dry the soil stored in the first container 5. The fan 27 is an intake fan that generates a flow of air toward the inside of the first container 5 from the ventilation hole 5c.

[0211] According to this configuration, an air flow is formed that passes through the first container 5 containing the soil from the air vent 5c toward the intake port (first intake port 10), thereby making it possible to efficiently and reliably dry the soil while preventing the soil in the first container 5 from being discharged through the air vent 5c. In addition, the intake (first intake 10) is provided at the top of the first container 5, the lid (first lid 26) is positioned to cover the top of the first container 5, and the air vent 5c is provided on the side of the first container 5.

[0212] With this configuration, air can be taken in from the side of the first container 5 and expelled to the top of the first container 5, allowing air to be circulated evenly throughout the soil stored in the first container 5. The pretreatment device 1 further includes a heating device 6 for heating the first container 5, and the heating device 6 is disposed so as to cover the periphery of the first container 5.

[0213] According to this configuration, the soil contained in the first container 5 can be heated from the surroundings, so that the soil can be dried in a short period of time. The pretreatment device 1 also includes a first support section 30 that supports the first containers 5, and the first support section 30 supports a plurality of first containers 5 in a line-up. The aeration device 7 is arranged so that the lid body (first lid body 26) covers the plurality of first containers 5 supported in a line-up on the first support section 30, and allows air to pass through the soil contained in the plurality of first containers 5.

[0214] According to this configuration, the single aeration device 7 can pass air through the soil contained in the multiple first containers 5, thereby drying the soil. Moreover, the fans 27 are disposed at positions corresponding to the plurality of first containers 5, respectively. According to this configuration, the airflow generated by the fan 27 can be applied to the soil contained in each of the multiple first containers 5, so that the soil contained in the multiple first containers 5 can be dried evenly.

[0215] The first container 5 has a container body 5a having an intake (first intake 10) and an air vent 5c, and a flange 5b formed around the intake (first intake 10), and the first support part 30 has an insertion hole 86a into which the container body 5a is inserted, and a support surface 31b that supports the flange 5b from below. According to this configuration, the first support portion 30 can stably support the first container 5 in a constant attitude.

[0216] Furthermore, the lid (first lid 26) has a flat surface 26a that is disposed facing the upper surface side of the flange 5b, and the flange 5b is sandwiched and held between the support surface 31b and the flat surface 26a. According to this configuration, by clamping and holding the flange 5b of the first container 5, the first container 5 can be supported more stably. Moreover, the lid (first lid 26) has a flat surface 26a made of an elastic material.

[0217] According to this configuration, the flat surface 26a of the lid (first lid 26) can be brought into close contact with the flange 5b of the first container 5, so that the first container 5 can be supported more stably. In addition, the pretreatment device 1 is equipped with a vibration mechanism (first vibration mechanism 40) that vibrates the first container 5, and the first container 5 has an extraction hole 11 for removing the contained soil, and a mesh plate 15 is arranged inside the first container 5 so as to cover the extraction hole 11, thereby preventing the passage of foreign objects of a predetermined size or larger contained in the soil contained in the first container 5.

[0218] According to this configuration, by vibrating the first container 5 with the first vibration mechanism 40, the soil contained in the first container 5 can be loosened while passing through the mesh plate 15 and removed from the removal hole 11. Therefore, foreign matter contained in the soil can be removed by the mesh plate 15 while the soil is being loosened, and the soil can be removed from the removal hole 11. The pretreatment device 1 also includes a base 50, a support part 153 (first support part 30, second support part 83) that is placed on the base 50 and supports containers (first container 5, second container 80) for holding soil, a vibration mechanism (first vibration mechanism 40, second vibration mechanism 130) that vibrates the support part 153, and a vibration isolation mechanism 150 that is interposed between the support part 153 and the base 50 and reduces vibrations propagating from the support part 153 to the base 50.

[0219] According to this configuration, since the vibration isolation mechanism 150 that reduces vibrations propagating from the support part 153 to the base 50 is interposed between the support part 153 and the base 50, when the support part 153 that holds the soil is vibrated, the vibrations are prevented from propagating from the support part 153 to the base 50. Therefore, when pretreatment (sieving, etc.) is performed by the pretreatment device 1, it is possible to prevent vibrations generated by the pretreatment from propagating to a desk, stand, etc. on which the pretreatment device 1 is installed.

[0220] The vibration-proof mechanism 150 also has a mounting table (first mounting table 154, second mounting table 163) that is arranged on the base 50 and on which the support part 153 is placed, and an intermediate body (first intermediate body 155, second intermediate body 164) that is interposed between the base 50 and the mounting table (first mounting table 154, second mounting table 163). With this configuration, the support part 153 can be placed on the base 50 by the mounting base (first mounting base 154, second mounting base 163), and the intermediary body (first intermediary body 155, second intermediary body 164) can suppress the transmission of vibration between the base 50 and the mounting base (first mounting base 154, second mounting base 163).

[0221] In addition, the intermediate body (first intermediate body 155, second intermediate body 164) includes springs 156, 166 that connect the base 50 and the mounting base (first mounting base 154, second mounting base 163), and the springs 156, 166 include first springs 157, 167 that extend in a first direction parallel to the upper surface of the base 50. According to this configuration, the first springs 157 and 167 can reduce vibrations in the first direction parallel to the upper surface of the base 50.

[0222] The spring 166 also includes a second spring 168 that extends in a second direction that is parallel to the upper surface of the base 50 and perpendicular to the first direction. According to this configuration, the second spring 168 can reduce vibrations in the second direction that is parallel to the upper surface of the base 50 and perpendicular to the first direction. In addition, the intermediate body (first intermediate body 155, second intermediate body 164) includes ball rollers (first ball roller 160, second ball roller 170) interposed between the base 50 and the mounting table (first mounting table 154, second mounting table 163), and the ball rollers (first ball roller 160, second ball roller 170) are arranged at at least three locations between the base 50 and the mounting table (first mounting table 154, second mounting table 163) and in the same plane parallel to the upper surface of the base 50, thereby supporting the mounting table (first mounting table 154, second mounting table 163).

[0223] According to this configuration, since the ball rollers (first ball roller 160, second ball roller 170) are interposed between the base 50 and the mounting tables (first mounting table 154, second mounting table 163), the mounting tables (first mounting table 154, second mounting table 163) can move relative to the base 50 on the base 50. Therefore, when the support part 153 is vibrated, the vibration can be prevented from being directly transmitted to the base 50.

[0224] The pre-processing device 1 also has a slider interposed between the mounting table (first mounting table 154, second mounting table 163) and the support portion 153, and the slider includes a first slider 141 and a second slider 142, and the first slider 141 has a first fixed portion 141A fixed to the base 50 and a first moving portion 141B movable relative to the first fixed portion 141A in a third direction parallel to the upper surface of the base 50, and the second slider 142 has a second fixed portion 142A fixed to the first moving portion 141B and a second moving portion 142B movable relative to the second fixed portion 142A in a fourth direction parallel to the upper surface of the base 50 and perpendicular to the third direction.

[0225] According to this configuration, when the support portion 153 is vibrated, the support portion 153 can be moved in the third direction and the fourth direction relative to the mounting table (the first mounting table 154 and the second mounting table 163). Therefore, the support portion 153 can be made to perform a circular motion instead of a simple reciprocating motion. The pretreatment device 1 also includes a sieving device 3 that removes foreign matter from the soil, the vibration mechanism includes a first vibration mechanism 40 provided on the sieving device 3, the container includes a first container 5 that is vibrated by the first vibration mechanism 40, the support portion 153 includes a first support portion 30 that supports the first container 5, and the vibration isolation mechanism 150 includes a first vibration isolation mechanism 151 that reduces vibrations propagating from the first support portion 30 to the base 50.

[0226] According to this configuration, when the first vibration mechanism 40 vibrates the first container 5 supported by the first support part 30 to perform sieving processing using the sieving device 3, the first vibration isolation mechanism 151 can reduce the vibration transmitted from the first support part 30 to the base 50. The pretreatment device 1 also includes an extraction device 4 that supplies an extraction liquid for extracting components contained in the soil, the vibration mechanism includes a second vibration mechanism 130 provided in the extraction device 4, the container includes a second container 80 that is vibrated by the second vibration mechanism 130, the support portion 153 includes a second support portion 83 that supports the second container 80, and the vibration isolation mechanism 150 includes a second vibration isolation mechanism 152 that reduces vibrations propagating from the second support portion 83 to the base 50.

[0227] According to this configuration, after the extraction device 4 supplies the extraction liquid into the second container 80, when the second vibration mechanism 130 vibrates the second container 80 supported by the second support part 83 to perform processing, the second vibration isolation mechanism 152 can reduce the vibration transmitted from the second support part 83 to the base 50. The pretreatment device 1 also includes a sieving device 3 that removes foreign matter from the soil, and an extraction device 4 that supplies an extraction liquid for extracting components contained in the soil, and the sieving device 3 and the extraction device 4 are detachable from the mounting table 184 and can be selectively placed on the mounting table 184.

[0228] According to this configuration, when sieving by the sieving device 3 is performed, the sieving device 3 can be placed on the mounting table 184, and when supplying an extract by the extracting device 4, the extracting device 4 can be placed on the mounting table 184. Therefore, the pretreatment device 1 can be configured in an optimal form depending on the process of the treatment. The pretreatment device 1 also includes a container (second container 80) having an inlet (second inlet 80e) for introducing soil, and a lid (second lid 82) that covers the inlet (second inlet 80e), and the lid (second lid 82) has a liquid injection section 82a that supplies, into the container (second container 80), an extraction liquid used to extract components of the soil in the container (second container 80).

[0229] According to this configuration, with the inlet (second inlet 80e) for introducing soil provided in the container (second container 80) blocked with the lid (second lid 82), the extraction liquid can be supplied into the container (second container 80) from the liquid injector 82a provided in the lid (second lid 82). Therefore, the amount of extraction liquid required for extracting the components in the soil can be reliably supplied to the soil contained in the container (second container 80) without leakage.

[0230] In addition, the lid body (second lid body 82) has an air injection section 82b that supplies air into the container (second container 80) to push the extract supplied into the container (second container 80) out of the container (second container 80). According to this configuration, with the inlet (second inlet 80e) for introducing soil provided in the container (second container 80) closed with the lid (second lid 82), air can be supplied into the container (second container 80) from the air injector 82b provided in the lid (second lid 82). This allows high air pressure to be applied to the soil contained inside the container (second container 80), and the extract supplied to the soil can be pushed out by this air pressure. Therefore, the extract that has extracted the components contained in the soil can be efficiently and reliably extracted from the soil.

[0231] The extraction device 4 also has a vibration mechanism (second vibration mechanism 130) that vibrates the container (second container 80) to agitate the soil and extraction liquid in the container (second container 80). According to this configuration, by vibrating the second container 80, the extraction liquid can be distributed evenly throughout the soil contained in the second container 80, thereby ensuring that the components contained in the soil contained in the second container 80 are extracted.

[0232] The pre-processing device 1 also includes a lid moving mechanism 28 that moves the lid body (second lid body 82) between a first position and a second position, and the lid body (second lid body 82) blocks the inlet (second inlet 80e) of the container (second container 80) when in the first position and moves away from the inlet (second inlet 80e) of the container (second container 80) when in the second position. According to this configuration, the operation of closing the inlet (second inlet 80e) with the lid (second lid 82) and the operation of opening the inlet (second inlet 80e) can be easily performed.

[0233] The pretreatment device 1 also includes a tilting mechanism 90 capable of changing the container (second container 80) between an upright position and an inclined position, and a vibration mechanism (second vibration mechanism 130) vibrates the container (second container 80) in the inclined position. According to this configuration, the container (second container 80) in an inclined position can be vibrated, thereby improving the stirring effect when stirring the soil and extract in the container (second container 80).

[0234] The pretreatment device 1 also includes a cap 149, and the container (second container 80) has a liquid outlet hole 80f for removing the passed liquid, which is the extract after passing through the soil in the container (second container 80), from outside the container (second container 80), and the cap 149 blocks the liquid outlet hole 80f when the vibration mechanism (second vibration mechanism 130) vibrates the container (second container 80). According to this configuration, when the container (second container 80) is vibrated, the cap 149 can prevent the passing liquid from leaking out from the liquid outlet hole 80f.

[0235] In addition, the pretreatment device 1 has a pressure adjustment device 120 capable of adjusting the pressure inside the container (second container 80), and the pressure adjustment device 120 creates negative pressure inside the container (second container 80) when the vibration mechanism (second vibration mechanism 130) vibrates the container (second container 80). According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the passing liquid from leaking out from the liquid outlet hole 80f when the container (second container 80) is vibrated without using the cap 149.

[0236] The pretreatment device 1 also includes a sieving device 3 that removes foreign matter from the soil, and the container (second container 80) receives the soil from which the foreign matter has been removed by the sieving device 3 in an inclined position. According to this configuration, when the soil from which foreign matter has been removed is received, the container (second container 80) can be tilted, so that the soil can be reliably received into the container (second container 80).

[0237] When the container (second container 80) is in an upright position, the extract is supplied from the liquid injecting portion 82a and the filtrate is taken out from the liquid outlet hole 80f. According to this configuration, the supply of the extract from the liquid injecting portion 82a and the removal of the filtrate from the liquid outlet hole 80f can be easily and reliably performed. The pretreatment device 1 also includes a container (second container 80) for storing soil and supplying extraction liquid used to extract components of the stored soil, and the container (second container 80) is provided with a liquid outlet hole 80f for extracting the passing liquid, which is the extraction liquid that has passed through the soil, and a cylindrical portion 80g rising from the bottom 80c around the liquid outlet hole 80f.

[0238] According to this configuration, the passing liquid, which is the extract that has passed through the soil, can be extracted from the liquid outlet hole 80f of the container (second container 80), and the cylindrical portion 80g can prevent the soil from directly exiting from the liquid outlet hole 80f when the soil is placed in the container (second container 80). Therefore, a series of processes from placing the soil in the container (second container 80) to extracting the passing liquid, which is the extract that has passed through the soil in the container (second container 80), can be smoothly performed.

[0239] The pretreatment device 1 also includes a tilting mechanism 90 that can change the container (second container 80) between an upright position and an inclined position. According to this configuration, the attitude of the container (second container 80) can be changed, so that soil can be stored in the container (second container 80) and various treatments can be carried out in the optimum attitude. The pretreatment device 1 also includes a vibration mechanism (second vibration mechanism 130) that vibrates the container (second container 80) to agitate the soil and extract in the container (second container 80), and the vibration mechanism (second vibration mechanism 130) vibrates the container (second container 80) in an inclined position.

[0240] According to this configuration, by vibrating the container (second container 80) in an inclined position, the stirring effect can be improved when stirring the soil and the extract in the container (second container 80). The soil is dropped from above the container (second container 80), and the container (second container 80) receives the dropped soil in an inclined position.

[0241] According to this configuration, when the soil is dropped from above and supplied to the container (second container 80), the container (second container 80) is tilted, so that the soil can be reliably received in the container (second container 80). Moreover, the container (second container 80) receives the dropped and supplied soil on the outside of the cylindrical portion 80g when in the inclined position.

[0242] According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the soil that is dropped and supplied into the container (second container 80) from being discharged directly from the liquid outlet hole 80f. Moreover, the container (second container 80) has a peripheral wall portion 80d rising from the outer edge of the bottom portion 80c, and receives soil against the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 80d when in an inclined position. According to this configuration, the soil supplied into the container (second container 80) slides down along the inner surface of the inclined peripheral wall portion 80d and is stopped by hitting the peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 80g. Therefore, the supplied soil can be prevented from dropping directly from the liquid outlet hole 80f.

[0243] Furthermore, the liquid outlet hole 80f is a circular hole, the tubular portion 80g is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the inner diameter of the tubular portion 80g is larger than the diameter of the circular hole (liquid outlet hole 80f). According to this configuration, a space is created between the outer edge of the liquid outlet hole 80f and the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 80g, so that even if the soil that is dropped into the container (second container 80) gets inside the cylindrical portion 80g, it will not be immediately discharged from the liquid outlet hole 80f.

[0244] The pre-treatment device 1 also includes a container (first container 5) for storing the collected soil, an extraction mechanism 70 for extracting a certain volume of soil from the container (first container 5), and a weight calculation device 71 for calculating the weight of the soil extracted by the extraction mechanism 70. According to this configuration, a certain volume of soil is taken out from the container (first container 5) by the take-out mechanism 70, and the weight of the taken-out certain volume of soil can be calculated by the weight calculation device 71. Therefore, the weight of the soil to be pre-processed by the pre-processing device 1 and subjected to analysis can be accurately determined, enabling accurate soil analysis.

[0245] The weight calculation device 71 also has a weighing platform 72 having a mounting section 75 on which the soil removed by the removal mechanism 70 is placed, a weight measuring section 73 that measures the weight of the weighing platform 72 with the soil placed on the mounting section 75, and a calculation section 74 that calculates the weight of a certain volume of soil based on the weight measured by the weight measuring section 73. According to this configuration, the weight of a certain volume of soil removed from the container (first container 5) can be calculated simply by placing the soil on the placement portion 75 of the weighing platform 72, so that weight calculation can be performed efficiently.

[0246] It also has a plurality of containers (first containers 5), and the removal mechanism 70 removes a certain volume of soil from each of the plurality of containers (first containers 5). The weighing platform 72 has a plurality of mounting sections 75 on which the soil removed from each of the plurality of containers (first containers 5) is placed. The removal mechanism 70 removes a certain volume of soil from each of the plurality of containers (first containers 5) in turn and places it on each different mounting section 75. The weight measuring section 73 measures the weight of the weighing platform 72 each time soil is placed on the mounting section 75.

[0247] According to this configuration, the weight of a certain volume of soil taken out from a plurality of containers (first containers 5) can be continuously calculated. Therefore, the weight of a certain volume of soil taken out from a plurality of containers (first containers 5) can be calculated efficiently in a short time. In addition, the weight calculation device 71 calculates a differential value by subtracting the measured weight when the soil is placed on N mounting sections 75 from the measured weight when the soil is placed on N+1 mounting sections 75 (N is an integer greater than or equal to 0), and calculates the differential value as the weight of the soil placed on each of the multiple mounting sections 75.

[0248] According to this configuration, the weight of a certain volume of soil taken out from a plurality of containers (first containers 5) can be continuously and efficiently calculated. The removal mechanism 70 also includes a plurality of weighing members 13 that are respectively attached to a plurality of containers (first container 5) and contain a certain volume of soil, and a moving mechanism 20 that moves the plurality of weighing members 13 individually, and the moving mechanism 20 moves the plurality of weighing members 13 in sequence from a first position where the weighing members 13 are inside the container (first container 5) to a second position where the weighing members 13 are outside the first container (first container 5) and the soil contained in the weighing members 13 falls toward the placement section 75.

[0249] According to this configuration, a constant volume of soil can be continuously taken out from the multiple containers (first containers 5) and supplied to the placement unit 75. Furthermore, the container (first container 5) has a through hole 5d penetrating the container (first container 5) in the moving direction of the weighing member 13, the weighing member 13 is fitted into the through hole 5d, and the moving mechanism 20 has a push-out member 21 that is inserted into the through hole 5d and pushes out a portion of the weighing member 13 from the through hole 5d, and the push-out member 21 is arranged corresponding to each of the multiple containers (first containers 5) and pushes out the weighing members 13 one by one in sequence from the multiple containers (first containers 5).

[0250] According to this configuration, by pushing out the plurality of measuring members 13 in sequence with the push-out member 21, a constant volume of soil can be continuously taken out from the plurality of containers (first containers 5) and supplied to the placement section 75. In addition, the multiple containers (first containers 5) are arranged in a straight line, the weighing platform 72 extends along the arrangement direction of the multiple containers (first containers 5), and the push-out member 21 moves in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the multiple containers (first containers 5).

[0251] According to this configuration, the arrangement direction of the multiple containers (first containers 5) and the movement direction of the push-out member 21 are arranged perpendicular to each other, which prevents the device from becoming long in one direction and makes it possible to configure the device compactly. The pretreatment device 1 also includes an extraction device 4 that supplies an extraction liquid for extracting components contained in the soil, and a liquid supplying device 200 that supplies the extraction liquid to the extraction device 4. The extraction device 4 has a plurality of containers (second containers 80) that contain soil and to which the extraction liquid is supplied, and the liquid supplying device 200 has a plurality of supplying tools 202 that can supply the extraction liquid individually to each of the plurality of containers (second containers 80).

[0252] According to this configuration, the liquid supplying device 200 can supply the extract liquid individually to each of the multiple containers (second containers 80), so that the extract liquid can be efficiently and reliably supplied to the soil contained in the multiple containers (second containers 80). In addition, the liquid supplying device 200 has a plurality of supply pipes 203 connecting each of the plurality of supplying tools 202 to each of the plurality of containers (second containers 80), and each of the plurality of supplying tools 202 has a syringe 204 for inserting the extraction liquid and a plunger 205 for pushing out the extraction liquid contained in the syringe 204, and the plurality of supply pipes 203 connect each of the syringes 204 of the plurality of supplying tools 202 to each of the plurality of containers (second containers 80).

[0253] According to this configuration, the liquid supplying device 200 can supply the extract to each of the multiple containers (second containers 80). Furthermore, the liquid supplying device 200 has a cylinder device 220 that moves the plungers 205 of the multiple supplying tools 202 simultaneously. According to this configuration, the liquid supplying device 200 can supply the extract to a plurality of containers (second containers 80) simultaneously.

[0254] Further, the multiple supply tools 202 are arranged in parallel to one another, the rear ends of the plungers 205 of the multiple supply tools 202 are connected by a connecting member 222, and the rod 221 of the cylinder device 220 is connected to the connecting member 222. According to this configuration, the liquid supplying device 200 capable of supplying extract to a plurality of containers (second containers 80) simultaneously can be made to have a simple and compact structure.

[0255] Furthermore, the liquid supplying device 200 has a plurality of cylinder devices 220 for individually moving each of the plungers 205 of the plurality of supplying tools 202 . According to this configuration, the liquid supplying device 200 can supply the extract liquid to the multiple containers (second containers 80) individually. The pretreatment device 1 also includes a tank 201 for storing the extraction liquid, and a three-way switching valve 206 is provided in the middle of each of the multiple supply pipes 203. The three-way switching valve 206 has a first port 207, a second port 208, and a third port 209. The first port 207 is connected to a first pipe 210 connected to the syringe 204, the second port 208 is connected to a second pipe 211 connected to the tank 201, and the third port 209 is connected to a third pipe 212 connected to a container (second container 80).

[0256] According to this configuration, the three-way switching valve 206 can switch between a state in which the extraction liquid contained in the tank 201 is supplied into the syringe 204 and a state in which the extraction liquid contained in the syringe 204 is supplied into the second container 80. Therefore, the operation of supplying the extraction liquid contained in the tank 201 to the multiple second containers 80 can be performed efficiently. Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the embodiment disclosed herein should be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in all respects. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims, not by the above description, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0257] 1 Pretreatment Equipment 2 Drying equipment 3. Sieving device 4 Extraction device 5 1st container 6 Heating device 7. Ventilation device 11 Ejection hole 15 Mesh plate 30 1st support part 40 First vibration mechanism 50 Bases 80 Second container 80e intake (second intake) 80f liquid outlet 82 Lid (Second Lid) 82a Liquid injection part 82b Air injection section 83 Second support part 130 Second vibration mechanism 90 Tilt mechanism 100 Liquid supply section

Claims

1. A pretreatment device that processes components contained in soil collected from a farm field before analyzing the components, A drying device for drying the collected soil; A sieving device for removing foreign matter from the soil dried by the drying device; an extraction device that supplies an extraction liquid to the soil from which the foreign matter has been removed in order to extract components contained in the soil; A base supporting the drying device, the sieving device, and the extracting device; A tilting mechanism; Equipped with The drying apparatus includes a first container for containing the soil, The extraction device includes a second container for accommodating the soil from which the foreign matter has been removed, and a lid for closing an inlet for introducing the soil into the second container, A liquid outlet hole is formed at the bottom of the second container to extract a passing liquid, which is an extract that has passed through the soil, The lid body includes a liquid injection part that supplies the extract into the second container, and an air injection part that supplies air into the second container, The tilting mechanism is capable of changing the second container between an upright position and an inclined position, A pretreatment device for soil analysis, wherein the second container is positioned lower than the first container and is in a position that does not overlap with the first container in a planar view when in the upright position, and wherein the upper part of the second container overlaps with the first container in a planar view when in the inclined position.

2. The drying device includes: A heating device for heating the first container; a venting device for passing air through the first container; The pretreatment device for soil analysis according to claim 1, further comprising:

3. The first container has an outlet hole for removing the stored soil, The sieve device is a mesh plate disposed to cover the outlet hole and preventing the passage of the foreign matter; A first vibration mechanism that vibrates the first container; The pretreatment device for soil analysis according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

4. A pretreatment device for soil analysis described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the extraction device is provided with a second vibration mechanism that vibrates the second container to agitate the extraction liquid and soil in the second container.

5. The drying device has a first support portion that supports a plurality of the first containers, The heating device heats the first containers supported by the first support portion, The pretreatment device for soil analysis according to claim 2 , wherein the aeration device passes air through the first containers supported by the first support portion.

6. The drying device has a first support portion that supports a plurality of the first containers, The pretreatment device for soil analysis according to claim 3 , wherein the first vibration mechanism vibrates the first containers supported by the first support portion.

7. The extraction device has a second support portion that supports a plurality of the second containers, The pretreatment device for soil analysis according to claim 4 , wherein the second vibration mechanism vibrates the second containers supported by the second support portion.

8. A pretreatment device for soil analysis as described in Claim 7, wherein the extraction device has a liquid supply section which supplies the extraction liquid to each of the second containers supported by the second support section.

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