Energy Unit

Abstract

Provided is an energy unit comprising: an engine which includes a crankshaft; a starter which can start the engine; an energy converter which is connected to the crankshaft of the engine, and can convert rotation power of the crankshaft to other energy; a unit controller which is configured to control the engine, the starter, and the energy converter; a support body which supports the engine, the starter, the energy converter, and the unit controller; and an energy interface which can transmit the energy converted by the energy converter to a detachably mounted external device, wherein the engine, the starter, the energy converter, the unit controller, and the energy interface are integrated with one another.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an energy unit. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a series hybrid vehicle that includes an electric motor for running the vehicle and that is driven by electric power from a battery, and an engine for generating electricity that drives a generator to charge the battery. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent No. 9,038,754 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In conventional series hybrid vehicles, the controller and the engine are mounted separately. Therefore, it is necessary to design the configuration for charging the battery and the configuration for driving the electric motor for driving separately, and it is also time-consuming to design the mounting layout on the vehicle and to formulate the assembly procedure on the vehicle body. In addition, it is also desirable to be able to easily supply energy when there is an external device that requires energy in a place where the energy source is insufficient.

[0005] Therefore, one aspect of the present disclosure aims to provide a configuration that can easily supply energy. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] An energy unit according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises an engine having a crankshaft, a starter capable of starting the engine, an energy converter connected to the crankshaft of the engine and capable of converting the rotational power of the crankshaft into other energy, a unit controller configured to control the engine, the starter, and the energy converter, a support body supporting the engine, the starter, the energy converter, and the unit controller, and an energy interface capable of transmitting energy converted by the energy converter to an external device that is removably attached, wherein the engine, the starter, the energy converter, the unit controller, and the energy interface are integrated with each other.

[0007] According to the above configuration, by connecting the energy interface of the energy unit to an external device that requires energy other than rotational power and starting the engine with the starter, energy can be easily supplied to the external device. Effect of the Invention

[0008] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a unit that can easily supply energy can be provided. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a plan view of an energy unit according to an embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the energy unit of FIG. 1 taken along line II-II. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an operating device to which the energy unit of FIG. 2 is detachably mounted. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the cooling structure of the energy unit of FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a side view of the operating device of FIG. [Figure 6]6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the energy unit and its vicinity of the operating device of FIG. 5 as viewed from the front. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a first modified example of the energy unit of FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a second variant of the energy unit of FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a third modified example of the energy unit of FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The energy unit 1 described below has a crankshaft 22 that extends vertically (up and down). In other words, the up and down direction of the energy unit 1 is the direction in which the crankshaft 22 extends, and the direction in a plane perpendicular to the crankshaft 22 is the horizontal direction of the energy unit 1.

[0011] FIG. 1 is a plan view of an energy unit 1 according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the energy unit 1 of FIG. 1 taken along line II-II. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the energy unit 1 includes an engine unit 2 and an axial gap motor generator 3 driven by the engine unit 2. The engine unit 2 and the axial gap motor generator 3 are integrated with each other. The engine unit 2 includes an engine 10 which is an internal combustion engine, and an upper cover 11 provided on the upper side of the engine 10. In the following, the axial gap motor generator 3 may be simply abbreviated as the motor generator 3.

[0012] The engine 10 of the engine unit 2 is a multi-cylinder engine, for example a V-twin engine. The engine 10 includes a crankcase 21, a crankshaft 22, a pair of cylinders 23, and a valve gear 24. The crankshaft 22 is housed in the crankcase 21 while being rotatably supported by the crankcase 21. A rotation axis X of the crankshaft 22 extends vertically. The crankshaft 22 rotates in conjunction with the reciprocating motion of a piston in the cylinder 23. The crankshaft 22 imparts kinetic energy to a connected object by rotating the connected object. The cylinder 23 extends horizontally when viewed from the crankshaft 22.

[0013] The upper cover 11 of the engine unit 2 is fixed to the crankcase 21 so as to cover the crankcase 21 from above. The upper cover 11 has an inverted concave cross section that opens downward. An internal space is defined between the upper cover 11 and the crankcase 21. The upper part of the crankshaft 22 that protrudes upward from the crankcase 21 is disposed in the internal space of the upper cover 11. A cooling fan 12 and a sub-generator 14 are disposed above the engine 10 in the internal space of the upper cover 11.

[0014] The sub-generator 14 is attached to the upper part of the crankshaft 22. That is, the sub-generator 14 generates electricity by rotating a rotor (not shown) in conjunction with the crankshaft 22. The electric power generated by the sub-generator 14 is used as the electric power required to drive the engine 10. For example, the electric power generated by the sub-generator 14 is supplied to the unit controller 4, which will be described later, etc. The sub-generator 14 may function as a motor and act as a starter that starts the engine 10.

[0015] A cooling fan 12 is attached to the upper part of the crankshaft 22, above the sub-generator 14. An air inlet 11a is formed in the upper plate of the upper cover 11. A fan cover 13 is detachably attached to the upper cover 11 so as to cover the air inlet 11a. The fan cover 13 has a mesh-like structure that allows air to pass while preventing the passage of foreign matter, for example.

[0016] An outlet 11b is formed in a side plate portion of the upper cover 11. A louver may be provided in the outlet 11b. When the cooling fan 12 rotates in conjunction with the crankshaft 22, air is sucked from the inlet 11a through the fan cover 13, and the sucked air cools the sub-generator 14 and the engine 10 and is discharged to the outside from the outlet 11b.

[0017] The valve gear 24 has a camshaft 24a extending in the vertical direction, and opens and closes the intake and exhaust valves (not shown) of the cylinders 23 in mechanical interlocking with the crankshaft 22. The configuration of the valve gear 24 is well known, and is not particularly limited. The rotation of the crankshaft 22 is transmitted to the camshaft 24a via a gear 25. The valve gear 24 is disposed on the cylinder 23 side with respect to the rotation axis X of the crankshaft 22 in the horizontal direction. That is, when a virtual vertical plane is considered that is perpendicular to a virtual line connecting the centers of gravity of the pair of cylinders 23 and the rotation axis X and that includes the rotation axis X of the crankshaft 22, the valve gear 24 is disposed in one area (the side where the cylinders 23 are present) obtained by dividing a space into two by the virtual vertical plane.

[0018] The engine unit 2 includes an air cleaner 15 that purifies the intake air supplied to the engine 10. The upper end of the air cleaner 15 is disposed above the upper end of the engine 10, and more specifically, above the upper surface of the upper cover 11. The air cleaner 15 has an air cleaner case 28 and a cleaner element 29 (filter) housed in the air cleaner case 28.

[0019] Specifically, the air cleaner case 28 has a cylindrical peripheral wall and end walls closing both ends of the peripheral wall, and is disposed so that its axis is oriented horizontally. The cleaner element 29 has a cylindrical shape. The inner diameter side of the cleaner element 29 is the clean side, and the outer diameter side of the cleaner element 29 is the dirty side.

[0020] A duct 16 protrudes upward from the peripheral wall of the air cleaner case 28. The duct 16 communicates with the dirty side of the air cleaner 15. An intake port 16a is provided at the upper end of the duct 16. That is, the intake port 16a is disposed above the air cleaner case 28 and the cleaner element 29. A filter may be provided in the intake port 16a. Outside air sucked in from the intake port 16a is guided to the dirty side on the outer diameter side of the cleaner element 29, passes through the cleaner element 29 to be purified, and is guided to the clean side on the inner diameter side of the cleaner element 29.

[0021] An intake pipe 17 that communicates with the inner diameter clean side of the cleaner element 29 is connected to an end wall of the air cleaner case 28. The intake pipe 17 has a first section 17a extending horizontally and a second section 17b having a U-shape that faces downward and then turns back and faces upward. As a result, the length of the intake passage of the intake pipe 17 is formed long in a small space. The downstream end of the second section 17b of the intake pipe 17 is provided so as to be able to supply intake air to the combustion chamber of each cylinder 23. The second section 17b may be an inverted U-shape that faces upward and then turns back and faces downward.

[0022] The intake pipe 17 is provided with a throttle device 18 having a throttle valve. The intake pipe 17 is provided with a fuel supply device 19. The fuel supply device 19 is, for example, an injector or a carburetor. Specifically, the throttle device 18 and the fuel supply device 19 are provided on the upstream side of the turn-back portion 17ba in the second portion 17b of the intake pipe 17. This makes the intake passage from the throttle device 18 and the fuel supply device 19 to the cylinder 23 long.

[0023] An oil pan 26 that opens upward is disposed at the bottom of the crankcase 21. Specifically, the oil pan 26 is disposed below the internal space of the crankcase 21. The oil pan 26 is disposed at a height that overlaps with the crankshaft 22 in the direction of the rotation axis X of the crankshaft 22 (vertical direction). The oil pan 26 is disposed on the opposite side to the valve gear 24 with respect to the rotation axis X of the crankshaft 22 in the horizontal direction.

[0024] That is, when considering the imaginary vertical plane that is perpendicular to an imaginary line connecting the centers of gravity of the pair of cylinders 23 and the rotation axis X and that includes the rotation axis X of the crankshaft 22, the oil pan 26 is disposed in the other area (the side where the cylinders 23 are not present) obtained by dividing the space into two by this imaginary vertical plane. The oil pan 26 may be expanded so as to reach vertically below the valve train 24. Also, the lower case 21b may double as the oil pan.

[0025] The motor generator 3 is disposed below the engine 10. However, the motor generator 3 may be disposed above the engine 10. The motor generator 3 is disposed below the oil pan 26. The motor generator 3 is attached to the lower surface of the engine 10. The motor generator 3 is disposed below the entire engine unit 2.

[0026] As described below, the axial gap motor generator 3 has a generally plate-shaped stator 33 and rotors 34, 35, and the stator 33 and rotors 34, 35 are arranged with their main surfaces facing each other in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 32. That is, in the axial gap motor generator 3, the main direction of the magnetic flux of the rotors 34, 36 is the axial direction of the rotating shaft 32, so that the dimension in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 32 can be reduced.

[0027] The motor generator 3, the cooling fan 12, and the sub-generator 14 are arranged coaxially with the crankshaft 22. The motor generator 3 is larger than the sub-generator 14. Specifically, the volume of the motor generator 3 is larger than the volume of the sub-generator 14. In a top view of the energy unit 1, the area occupied by the motor generator 3 is larger than the area occupied by the sub-generator 14. The rated output (power generation capacity per unit time) of the motor generator 3 is larger than the rated output (power generation capacity per unit time) of the sub-generator 14.

[0028] The vertical dimension of the motor generator 3 is larger than the vertical dimension of the sub-generator 14. The vertical dimension of the motor generator 3 is smaller than the horizontal dimension of the motor generator 3. The vertical dimension of the motor generator 3 is smaller than the vertical dimension of the engine 10. The motor generator 3 is disposed inside the outer shape of the engine 10 when viewed from the extension direction of the rotation axis X (see FIG. 1). Note that the motor generator 3 may protrude outward from the outer shape of the engine 10 when viewed from the extension direction of the rotation axis X.

[0029] The motor-generator 3 includes a case 31, a rotating shaft 32, a stator 33, a first rotor 34, and a second rotor 35. The case 31 rotatably supports the rotating shaft 32 extending in the vertical direction. The case 31 has a circular outer shape in a plan view. The rotating shaft 32 is disposed below the crankshaft 22. The rotation axis of the rotating shaft 32 coincides with the rotation axis X of the crankshaft 22. The rotating shaft 32 is coupled to the crankshaft 22 so as to rotate together with the crankshaft 22.

[0030] The first rotor 34, the stator 33, and the second rotor 35 are arranged from top to bottom in this order. The stator 33 has a stator core 41 and a coil 42 provided in the stator core 41. The coil 42 is connected to a terminal of the motor-generator 3. The stator 33 is rotatable relative to the rotating shaft 32, and is supported in a stationary state with the case 31 as a reference.

[0031] The first rotor 34 has a first rotor core 43 and a first magnet 44. The first rotor core 43 is disk-shaped and is fitted onto the rotating shaft 32 so as to co-rotate with the rotating shaft 32. The first magnet 44 is provided on the first rotor core 43 so as to face the upper surface of the stator 33. The second rotor 35 has a second rotor core 45 and a second magnet 46. The second rotor core 45 is disk-shaped and is fitted onto the rotating shaft 32 so as to co-rotate with the rotating shaft 32. The second magnet 46 is provided on the second rotor core 45 so as to face the lower surface of the stator 33.

[0032] A gap is provided between the first rotor 34 and the stator 33 in the direction of the rotation axis, and a gap is provided between the second rotor 35 and the stator 33 in the direction of the rotation axis. The first rotor 34 and the second rotor 35 are connected to the crankshaft 22 via the rotating shaft 32 so as to rotate around the rotation axis X in conjunction with the crankshaft 22. The configuration of the motor-generator 3 is not particularly limited. For example, there may be one rotor and a pair of stators, there may be multiple rotors and multiple stators, or there may be one rotor and one stator. In addition, a radial gap type may be used as the motor-generator 3 instead of an axial gap type.

[0033] In the motor generator 3, the first rotor 34 and the second rotor 35 are rotationally driven by the crankshaft 22, and a current is generated in the coil 42 (power generation function). In the motor generator 3, the first rotor 34 and the second rotor 35 are rotated by a magnetic field generated by passing a current through the coil 42, and a rotational power that rotates the crankshaft 22 is generated (motor function). The motor generator 3 is an integrated starter generator (ISG) that combines a power generation function that generates electric power using the rotational power of the crankshaft 22 of the engine 10 and a starter motor function that starts the engine 10. In other words, the motor generator 3 can function as a starter that can start the engine 10.

[0034] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an operating device 50 on which the energy unit 1 of FIG. 2 is detachably mounted. As shown in FIG. 3, the energy unit 1 includes an inverter 5 (conversion circuit device; regulator) electrically connected to the motor generator 3. The inverter 5 is integrally connected to the motor generator 3. The inverter 5 has an ACDC conversion circuit that converts AC power generated by the motor generator 3 into DC power, adjusts the voltage, and charges the battery 51. The inverter 5 has a DCAC conversion circuit that converts DC power discharged from the battery 51 described below into AC power, adjusts the voltage, and supplies it to the motor generator 3. The motor generator 3 and the inverter 5 act as an energy converter that can convert the rotational power of the crankshaft 22 into other energy (electrical energy).

[0035] The energy unit 1 includes a unit controller 4, which is an electronic control unit. The unit controller 4 is configured to control the engine 10 and the inverter 5. The controller 4 is configured to control the engine 10 so that the output of the engine 10 is constant. The energy unit 1 also includes a regulator (not shown) configured to convert AC power generated by the sub-generator 14 into DC power and adjust the voltage.

[0036] In the energy unit 1, the engine 10, the motor generator 3, the unit controller 4, the inverter 5, the sub-generator 14, the refrigerant pump P2, etc. are fixed to one another and integrated. Note that the engine 10, the motor generator 3, the unit controller 4, the inverter 5, the sub-generator 14, the refrigerant pump P2, etc. may be supported by a support (e.g., a frame) and integrated into a unit.

[0037] The operating device 50 includes a battery 51, an inverter 52, a traction motor 53, an electronic control unit 54, and the like. The operating device 50 is a series hybrid vehicle. The operating device 50 is an example of an external device to which the energy unit 1 is detachably mounted. The traction motor 53 is configured to generate driving power and drive driving wheels (for example, rear wheels RW). The inverter 52 is configured to convert DC power discharged from the battery 51 into AC power, adjust the voltage, and supply the AC power to the traction motor 53. The inverter 52 is also configured to convert AC power regenerated by the traction motor 53 into DC power, adjust the voltage, and charge the battery 51. The electronic control unit 54 is configured to control the inverter 52. The electronic control unit 54 can control the running torque of the operating device 50.

[0038] The battery 51 is electrically connected to the electrical interface 6 of the energy unit 1, and is also electrically connected to the traction motor 53 of the operating device 50 via an inverter 52. That is, the battery 51 can relay power from the electrical interface 6 of the energy unit 1 to the traction motor 53, and can also relay power regenerated by the traction motor 53 to the electrical interface 6 of the energy unit 1. That is, the battery 51 serves as an energy relay device.

[0039] The energy unit 1 includes an electric interface 6 as one of the energy interfaces. The electric interface 6 electrically connects the inverter 5 of the energy unit 1 to a battery 51 provided outside the energy unit 1. In the case of contact power supply, the electric interface 6 is a detachable terminal or a power connector. In the case of contactless power supply, the electric interface 6 is a coil.

[0040] The energy unit 1 includes a communication interface 8. The communication interface 8 communicatively connects the unit controller 4 of the energy unit 1 to an electronic control unit 54 provided outside the energy unit 1. In the case of wired communication, the communication interface 8 is a detachable terminal or a communication connector. In the case of wireless communication, the communication interface 8 is a known wireless communication device.

[0041] The operating device 50 includes an oil pump P1, an oil control valve unit 55, and hydraulic actuators 56A-C. The oil pump P1 discharges oil when a rotational driving force is input to its driven shaft. The hydraulic actuators 56A-C are, for example, hydraulic cylinders that generate braking force. The oil control valve unit 55 serves as a fluid control device that opens and closes a flow path between the oil pump P1 and the hydraulic actuators 56A-C to control the hydraulic pressure applied to the hydraulic actuators 56A-C. The operation of the oil control valve unit 55 is controlled by the electronic control unit 54.

[0042] The oil control valve unit 55 is fluidly connected to the oil pump P1, and is also fluidly connected to the hydraulic actuators 56A-C of the operating device 50. That is, the oil control valve unit 55 can relay the hydraulic pressure from the oil pump P1 to the hydraulic actuators 56A-C. That is, the oil control valve unit 55 serves as an energy relay device.

[0043] The energy unit 1 includes a machine interface 7. The machine interface 7 is capable of outputting the rotational power of the crankshaft 22 as mechanical energy. The machine interface 7 is, for example, a PTO shaft having an engagement portion (for example, a spline groove or a key groove) that can engage with a mating member so as not to rotate relatively. A power transmission path 9 (for example, a gear mechanism, a chain sprocket mechanism, or a belt pulley mechanism) that transmits the rotational power of the crankshaft 22 to the machine interface 7 is provided between the crankshaft 22 and the machine interface 7. The motor generator 3 is mechanically connected to the power transmission path 9.

[0044] The rotational power generated by the motor generator 3 can be output from the machine interface 7 via a power transmission path 9. The machine interface 7 is detachably connected to a driven shaft of the oil pump P1. That is, the oil pump P1 is driven by the rotational power supplied from the machine interface 7. In addition, the power transmission path 9 is mechanically connected to the driven shaft of the refrigerant pump P2.

[0045] The rotational power generated by the engine 10 and the rotational power generated by the motor generator 3 can be superimposed in the power transmission path 9. When a predetermined condition is met (for example, when there is a request from the electronic control unit 54), the unit controller 4 drives the engine 10 and also drives the motor generator 3 as a motor. As a result, the rotational power generated by both the engine 10 and the motor generator 3 is output from the machine interface 7 via the power transmission path 9. At that time, the unit controller 4 controls the output of the engine 10 to be constant while controlling the inverter 5 to change the drive torque of the motor generator 3, thereby making it possible to adjust the output from the machine interface 7.

[0046] The electrical interface 6, the mechanical interface 7 and the communication interface 8 are detachable from the operating device 50. This allows the energy unit 1 to be easily attached to and detached from the operating device 50.

[0047] Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a modified example of the cooling structure of the energy unit 1 of Fig. 2. As shown in Fig. 4, the energy unit 1 includes a cooling flow path 70. The cooling flow path 70 includes an EG cooling flow path 70a that cools the engine 10. The EG cooling flow path 70a is a circulation flow path that guides a coolant (e.g., water) discharged by a coolant pump P2 to the engine 10 and returns the coolant that has cooled the engine 10 to the coolant pump P2. A filter 71 and a radiator 72 are interposed in the EG cooling flow path 70a.

[0048] The cooling flow path 70 includes an MG cooling flow path 70b that cools the motor-generator 3. The MG cooling flow path 70b branches off from the EG cooling flow path 70a, guides a refrigerant (e.g., water) to the motor-generator 3, and returns the refrigerant that has cooled the motor-generator 3 to the EG cooling flow path 70a. The cooling flow path 70 includes an IV cooling flow path 70c that cools the inverter 5. The MG cooling flow path 70b branches off from the EG cooling flow path 70a or the MG cooling flow path 70b, guides a refrigerant (e.g., water) to the inverter 5, and returns the refrigerant that has cooled the inverter 5 to the EG cooling flow path 70a or the MG cooling flow path 70b. The cooling flow path 70 does not necessarily have to include the IV cooling flow path 70c or the EG cooling flow path 70a.

[0049] FIG. 5 is a side view of the operating device 50 of FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 5, the operating device 50 is, for example, a work vehicle such as a wheel loader. The operating device includes front wheels FW, rear wheels RW, and a vehicle body 57 supported by the front wheels FW and the rear wheels RW. A base end of an arm 58 is rotatably connected to the front part of the vehicle body 57. One end of a hydraulic actuator 56A for raising and lowering the arm 58 is connected to the vehicle body 57, and the other end is connected near the base end of the arm 58. A bucket B is rotatably connected to the tip of the arm 58. One end of a hydraulic actuator 56B for rotating the bucket B is connected to the vehicle body 57, and the other end is connected to the bucket B via a lever 59.

[0050] A traction motor 53 that generates a driving force is mounted on the vehicle body 57. The traction motor 53 is connected to the front wheels FW and the rear wheels RW via a power distribution mechanism 60 so as to be capable of transmitting power. A hydraulic actuator 56C that steers the front wheels FW of the operating device 50 is provided on the vehicle body 57. A driver's seat 61 is provided on the vehicle body 57. A handle 62 that the driver operates for steering, an operating lever 63 for operating the arm 58 and the bucket B, and the like are provided near the driver's seat 61.

[0051] An interior space S1 is formed in the vehicle body 57 behind the driver's seat 61. At least a part of the energy unit 1 is disposed in the interior space S1. The energy unit 1 is supported by the vehicle body 57 in a position in which the motor generator 3 is located below the engine unit 2. The energy unit 1 is disposed in a space sandwiched between the left rear wheel RW and the right rear wheel RW. At least a part of the energy unit 1 overlaps with the rear wheels RW in a side view. The energy unit 1 is mounted on the vehicle body 57 such that the lower end of the motor generator 3 is disposed lower than the upper end of the rear wheels RW (when the operating device 50 is stopped and empty). At least a part of the energy unit 1 may be disposed forward of the driver's seat 61.

[0052] Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the energy unit 1 and its vicinity of the operating device 50 in Fig. 5, viewed from the rear. As shown in Fig. 6, the motor generator 3 is disposed under a bottom plate 64 of a vehicle body 57. At least a portion of the motor generator 3 is exposed to an exterior space S2 of the bottom plate 64. The motor generator 3 may be disposed across the interior space S1 and the exterior space S2, or the entire motor generator 3 may be disposed in the exterior space S2.

[0053] The bottom plate 64 has a recess 65 recessed upward. An opening H is formed in an upper plate portion 65a of the recess 65. The energy unit 1 passes through the opening H. The engine unit 2 is housed in the interior space S1. The motor generator 3 is housed in the recess 65. The lower end of the motor generator 3 is located at a height equal to or higher than the height of the lower surface of a portion of the bottom plate 64 adjacent to the recess 65.

[0054] The bottom plate 64 does not necessarily have to have a recess 65 for accommodating the motor generator 3. That is, the motor generator 3 may be disposed so as to protrude downward from the bottom plate 64. The entire energy unit 1 may be disposed in the interior space S1. Air in the exterior space S2 during driving (wind caused by running) may be guided to the motor generator 3. Air in the exterior space S2 during driving (wind caused by running) may also be guided to the engine unit 2.

[0055] Although a work vehicle has been exemplified as an example of the operating device 50 on which the energy unit 1 is detachably mounted, the energy unit 1 may be applied to devices other than a work vehicle as long as the device operates using energy supplied from the energy unit 1. For example, the operating device may be a vehicle other than a work vehicle (e.g., a motorcycle, a three-wheeled motor vehicle, an automobile, etc.), or may be a robot. The robot may have a moving structure (e.g., wheels, legs, propellers, etc.) that receives energy and operates to change the position of the robot. In addition to the moving structure, the robot may have a structure that performs some kind of work (task) (e.g., an arm and / or a hand driven by an actuator). The robot is one in which an operator does not ride on the main body, and operates by remote control via wireless or wired communication, or operates autonomously according to a predetermined program.

[0056] According to the configuration described above, by connecting the electrical interface 6 of the energy unit 1 to the operating device 50 that requires electrical energy and starting the engine 10 by the motor generator 3, electrical energy can be easily supplied to the operating device 50. Thus, a unit that can easily supply electrical energy can be provided.

[0057] Moreover, the motor generator 3, which generates electricity using the power of the engine 10, can also function as a starter that starts the engine 10, making it possible to provide a compact cassette-type unit that can easily supply power.

[0058] Furthermore, since the axial gap motor generator 3 is used as the motor generator, the size of the energy unit 1 can be reduced in the axial direction X of the crankshaft 22, and the energy unit 1 can be made compact.

[0059] Furthermore, since the energy unit 1 can output a plurality of different types of energy, it is possible to increase the number of connectable external devices and improve versatility.

[0060] Furthermore, by the energy unit 1 outputting mechanical energy in addition to the versatile electrical energy, it becomes easier to provide high-output energy to external devices, making it easier for the external devices to perform high-load work.

[0061] In addition, when specified conditions are met, the unit controller 4 controls the inverter 5 so as to adjust the output of mechanical energy (rotational power) from the machine interface 7 using the torque of the motor-generator 3, thereby assisting in adjusting the output of mechanical energy while suppressing fluctuations in the operating state of the engine 10 using the torque (positive torque or negative torque) of the motor-generator 3.

[0062] Furthermore, since the predetermined condition includes a condition that the unit controller 4 receives a request signal from the electronic control unit 54 of the operating device 50 via the communication interface 8, the output of mechanical energy from the machine interface 7 can be adjusted in response to a request from the electronic control unit 54 of the operating device 50. For example, even if the load on the hydraulic actuators 56A-C of the operating device 50 becomes so high as to exceed an allowable value, the hydraulic actuators 56A-C can be operated appropriately by generating mechanical energy not only by the driving force of the engine 10 but also by the driving force of the motor-generator 3.

[0063] In addition, since the unit controller 4 controls the engine 10 so that the output of the engine 10 is constant, there is no need for control that varies the engine output, making it possible to eliminate the need for complex control. Also, the engine 10 can be operated at a constant fuel efficiency in a highly efficient rotation speed range, making it possible to design an energy unit 1 with good fuel efficiency.

[0064] Moreover, by attaching the energy unit 1 to the operating device 50 equipped with the battery 51, the inverter 52, the traction motor 53, etc., the operating device 50 can be easily operated. Furthermore, by preparing a plurality of energy units 1, for example, when the remaining fuel in the energy unit 1 runs out, the operation of the operating device 50 can be continued by simply replacing the energy unit 1, and the act of refueling can be substituted by replacing the energy unit 1.

[0065] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an energy unit 101 of the first modified example. As shown in FIG. 7, in the energy unit 101 of the first modified example, an oil pump P1 and an oil control valve unit 55 are included in the energy unit 101. The oil pump P1 serves as an energy converter capable of converting the rotational power transmitted from the crankshaft 22 via the power transmission mechanism 9 into other energy (fluid energy). The energy unit 101 has a fluid interface 107 as one of the energy interfaces instead of the machine interface 7. The fluid interface 107 outputs the oil discharged by the oil pump P1 to the outside.

[0066] Specifically, a pipe connected to an inlet port of an oil control valve unit 55 of the vehicle 150 is detachably connected to the fluid interface 107. The oil discharged by the oil pump P1 is outputted through the fluid interface 107 toward the oil control valve unit 55 located outside the energy unit 101. That is, the hydraulic pressure from the fluid interface 107 is supplied to the hydraulic actuators 56A to 56C through the oil control valve unit 55.

[0067] According to this configuration, since the oil pump P1 and the oil control valve unit 55 are included in the energy unit 101, it is possible to simplify the configuration of the vehicle 150 side excluding the energy unit 1. Since the oil control valve unit 55 capable of controlling the hydraulic pressure is included in the energy unit 1, the unit controller 4 can control the oil control valve unit 55 to output the desired hydraulic pressure from the fluid interface 55 simply by inputting a hydraulic pressure requirement value from outside the energy unit 1 to the unit controller 4.

[0068] Furthermore, by the energy unit 1 outputting fluid energy in addition to the versatile electrical energy, it becomes easier to provide high-output energy to external equipment, making it easier for the external equipment to perform high-load work. Furthermore, by connecting the fluid interface 107 of the energy unit 1 to the external hydraulic actuators 56A-C that require hydraulic pressure, hydraulic pressure can be supplied to the hydraulic actuators 56A-C. Thus, it is possible to provide a cassette-type energy unit 1 that can easily supply fluid energy. Note that other configurations are similar to those of the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore the same reference numerals are used and description thereof is omitted.

[0069] FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the energy unit 201 of the second modified example. As shown in FIG. 8, in the energy unit 201 of the second modified example, the battery 51 is included in the energy unit 201. The electric interface 206 of the energy unit 201 outputs DC power discharged from the battery 51 to the outside. Specifically, an electric wire connected to the inverter 52 of the vehicle 250 is detachably connected to the electric interface 206 via a terminal or a connector. Note that contactless power supply may be performed between the electric interface 206 and the inverter 52, in which case the electric interface 206 may be a coil.

[0070] Electric power discharged from the battery 51 is supplied to the inverter 52 outside the energy unit 201 via the electrical interface 206. The inverter 52 charges the battery 51 with electric power regenerated by the traction motor 53 (FIG. 3) via the electrical interface 206. The unit controller 4 controls charging and discharging of the battery 51 in response to a signal received from the operation controller 54 via the communication interface 8. With this configuration, the battery 51 is included in the energy unit 201, so that the configuration of the vehicle 250 excluding the energy unit 201 can be simplified. Note that the other configurations are similar to those of the above-described embodiment or modified example, and therefore the same reference numerals are used and description thereof will be omitted.

[0071] Fig. 9 is a block diagram of an energy unit 301 of the third modified example. As shown in Fig. 9, the energy unit 301 of the third modified example includes both a fluid interface 107 and a machine interface 7 in addition to an electric interface 5 and a communication interface 8. Rotational power from the engine 10 and / or the motor-generator 3 can be output from the machine interface 7 via a power transmission mechanism 9, 309. An operating device 356 (e.g., a wheel, a pump, a propeller, a fan, a rotary cutter, etc.) on the vehicle 250 side is detachably connected to the machine interface 7.

[0072] That is, the rotational power output from the mechanical interface 7 of the energy unit 301 is input to the operating device 356, thereby operating the operating device 356. According to this configuration, the energy unit 301 can easily supply three types of energy, namely, electric energy, fluid energy, and mechanical energy, to the operating device 350 (external device). Note that since the other configurations are similar to those of the above-described embodiment or modified example, the same reference numerals are used and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0073] It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and the configurations may be changed, added, or deleted. For example, a part of the configuration or method in one embodiment or modification may be applied to another embodiment or modification, and a part of the configuration in an embodiment or modification may be separated from other configurations in the embodiment or modification and arbitrarily extracted. In addition, the energy unit may be used independently as an energy unit without being mounted on the operating device. For example, the energy unit may be a stationary or portable generator unit equipped with an electrical interface. [Explanation of symbols]

[0074] 1,101,201 energy units 2 Engine unit 3 Axial gap motor generator (starter; energy converter) 4 Unit Controller 5. Inverter (conversion circuit device) 6,206 Electrical Interface (Energy Interface; First Interface) 7 Machine Interface (Second Interface) 8. Communication Interface 10 Engine 21 Crankcase 22 Crankshaft 50,150,250 Operating equipment 51 Battery (relay device) 52 Inverter 53 Traction motor 54 Electronic Control Unit 55 Oil control valve unit (fluid control device; relay device) 56A~C Hydraulic Actuator 57,357 Vehicles 107 Fluid Interface (Energy Interface; Second Interface) P1 Oil pump (energy converter) X rotation axis

Claims

1. An engine having a crankshaft; an energy converter connected to the crankshaft of the engine and capable of converting rotational power of the crankshaft into other energy; a unit controller configured to control the engine and the energy converter; At least one energy interface that is detachably attached to an external device and has an electronic control unit and is capable of transmitting the energy converted by the energy converter to the external device; a communication interface connected to the unit controller and capable of receiving a request signal from the electronic control unit of the external device connected to the energy interface; A fluid control device, the engine, the energy converter, the unit controller and the energy interface are integrated with each other; The at least one energy interface is configured to be capable of outputting a plurality of different types of energy in a state in which the external device is connected, the energy converter includes a motor generator connected to the crankshaft of the engine, and a fluid pump capable of converting rotational power of the crankshaft and the motor generator into fluid energy; the at least one energy interface includes a fluid interface fluidly connected to the fluid pump; the fluid control device is interposed between the fluid pump and the fluid interface and is capable of controlling a fluid pressure between the fluid pump and the fluid interface; An energy unit, wherein the unit controller is configured to control the motor-generator to adjust the fluid energy output from the fluid interface, and to control the fluid control device to adjust the fluid energy output from the fluid interface.

2. the energy converter has at least one conversion circuit device including an ACDC conversion circuit that converts AC power generated by the motor-generator into DC power and outputs the DC power, and a DCAC conversion circuit that converts input DC power into AC power and supplies the AC power to the motor-generator; The energy unit of claim 1 , wherein the at least one energy interface comprises an electrical interface capable of transmitting electrical energy output from the conversion circuit device.

3. the motor generator is an axial gap motor generator, The axial gap motor generator includes: a rotor connected to the crankshaft so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis extending in an axial direction of the crankshaft; The energy unit according to claim 2 , further comprising: a stator that faces the rotor in the axial direction with a gap therebetween.

4. 4. The energy unit according to claim 1, wherein the at least one energy interface is adapted to output electrical energy and is adapted to output fluid energy or mechanical energy.

5. The energy interface is configured to be capable of outputting electric energy and non-electrical energy different from the electric energy, 3. The energy unit according to claim 2, wherein the unit controller is configured to adjust the output of the non-electrical energy with the torque of the motor-generator by controlling the conversion circuit device when a predetermined condition is met.

6. The energy unit according to claim 5 , wherein the predetermined condition includes a condition that the unit controller receives the request signal from the electronic control unit of the external device via the communication interface.

7. 7. The energy unit according to claim 1, wherein the unit controller is configured to control the engine so that an output of the engine is constant.

8. The energy unit according to claim 1 , further comprising a starter capable of starting the engine.

9. An energy unit; At least one energy relay device; at least one actuator communicatively connected to the at least one energy relay device; an electronic control unit for controlling the actuator; The energy unit comprises: An engine having a crankshaft; At least one energy converter connected to the crankshaft of the engine and capable of converting the rotational power of the crankshaft into other energy; a unit controller configured to control the engine and the energy converter; a support for supporting the engine, the energy converter and the unit controller; at least one energy interface capable of transmitting energy converted by the at least one energy converter; a communication interface connected to the unit controller; The energy relay device is connected to the energy interface of the energy unit; The at least one energy interface is configured to be capable of outputting a plurality of different types of energy in a state in which an external device is connected, the communication interface is configured to be connected to the energy interface so as to be able to receive a request signal from the electronic control unit of the external device connected to the energy interface; the energy converter includes a motor generator connected to the crankshaft of the engine, and a fluid pump capable of converting rotational power of the crankshaft and the motor generator into fluid energy; the at least one energy interface includes a fluid interface fluidly connected to the fluid pump; the at least one actuator includes a fluid actuator; the at least one energy relay device includes a fluid control device fluidly connected to the fluid actuator and the fluid interface and capable of controlling a fluid pressure between the fluid actuator and the fluid interface; The unit controller is configured to control the motor-generator to adjust the fluid energy output from the fluid interface, and to control the fluid control device to adjust the fluid energy output from the fluid interface. A device that operates the device.

10. the at least one energy interface includes an electrical interface; the at least one actuator includes an electric actuator; The operating device of claim 9 , wherein the at least one relay device includes a battery electrically connected to the electrical interface and the electrical actuator.

11. The communication interface is communicatively connected to the unit controller and is communicatively capable of communicating with the energy interface; The operating device according to claim 10 , wherein the unit controller is configured to control charging and discharging of the battery in response to a signal received from the electronic control unit via the communication interface.

12. The operating device of claim 11, wherein the unit controller is configured to control the fluid control device in response to a signal received from the electronic control unit via the communication interface.

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