LOAD TESTING APPARATUS, LOAD DETECTION UNIT, AND LOAD TESTING METHOD

Abstract

To enable the applied load in the horizontal direction of a test piece to be measured with high accuracy.SOLUTION: A load detection unit 11 comprises: a placement table 110 capable of moving horizontally and on which a test piece 3 is placed; a first support plate 111 capable of moving horizontally; a first rubber bearing 112 placed on the first support plate 111; a second support plate 113 arranged on the first rubber bearing 112 and capable of moving horizontally; a second rubber bearing 114 placed on the second support plate 113; a third support plate 115 arranged on the second rubber bearing 114 and connected to the first support plate 111 so as to move in the same direction and by the same amount as the first support plate 111; a third rubber bearing 116 for supporting the placement table 110 so as to be movable horizontally and placed on the third support plate 115; a first load cell 117 for measuring the horizontal load of the placement table 110; a second load cell 118 for measuring the horizontal load of the first support plate 111 and third support plate 115; and a third load cell 119 for measuring the horizontal load of the second support plate 113.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a load testing device for measuring a horizontal load applied to a test specimen such as a laminated rubber bearing. [Background technology]

[0002] A load testing device is known that measures the horizontal load (horizontal resistance) applied to a test body such as a laminated rubber bearing when a vertical load is applied to the upper surface of the test body while displacing the lower surface of the test body in the horizontal direction.

[0003] For example, the load testing apparatus described in Patent Document 1 comprises a movable base on which a test object is placed and which can be moved horizontally by a horizontal actuator, a first pressure member which contacts the upper surface of the test object, a laminated rubber placed on the first pressure member, a second pressure member which is arranged on the laminated rubber and which can be moved vertically by a vertical actuator, and a load cell which measures the horizontal load applied to the first pressure member.

[0004] In the load testing device described in Patent Document 1, the horizontal load applied to the first pressure member measured by the load cell is the sum of the horizontal loads of the test body and the laminated rubber, and does not include the frictional force of the horizontal movement means of the movable base (roller bearings, linear guides, etc.). Furthermore, the laminated rubber has high vertical stiffness and low horizontal stiffness, and its horizontal load is proportional to the horizontal displacement. Therefore, when the horizontal movement of the movable base is extremely small, the horizontal load of the laminated rubber included in the measurement value of the load cell can be reduced. Therefore, according to the load testing device described in Patent Document 1, the horizontal load of the test body can be measured with high accuracy. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2016-45100 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] As described above, the laminated rubber has high vertical stiffness and low horizontal stiffness, and its horizontal load is proportional to the horizontal displacement. Therefore, in the load testing device described in Patent Document 1, when the horizontal movement of the movable base increases, the horizontal load of the laminated rubber included in the measurement value of the load cell increases proportionally. The lower the horizontal stiffness of the laminated rubber, the smaller the load can be made, but to do so, it is necessary to increase the number of laminated rubber layers, which results in an increase in the size of the load testing device.

[0007] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to enable measurement of the horizontal load applied to a test specimen with higher accuracy. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a load detection unit having a mounting table on which a test specimen such as a laminated rubber bearing is placed and which can be moved horizontally by a horizontal actuator.

[0009] Here, the present invention ToThe load detection unit further includes a first support plate movable in a horizontal direction, a first support placed on the first support plate, a second support plate arranged on the first support and movable horizontally relative to the first support plate, a second support placed on the second support plate, a third support plate arranged on the second support and connected to the first support plate so as to move in the same direction as the first support plate by the same amount relative to the second support plate, a third support placed on the third support plate and supporting the mounting table so as to be movable horizontally relative to the third support plate, a first load cell that measures a horizontal load applied to the mounting table, a second load cell that is arranged between the mounting table and the first and third support plates and measures the horizontal load applied to the first and third support plates, and a third load cell that is arranged between the mounting table and the second support plate and measures the horizontal load applied to the second support plate. The first to third bearings may be rubber bearings with the same shear spring constant, or may be roller bearings with the same friction coefficient.

[0010] For example, the present invention To The load test device is A load testing device for measuring a horizontal load on a test body when a vertical load is applied to an upper surface of the test body and a lower surface of the test body is displaced in a horizontal direction, comprising: a load detection unit having a mounting table on which the test object is mounted and which can be moved in a horizontal direction by a horizontal actuator; a pressure plate that is in contact with the upper surface of the test piece and is movable in a vertical direction by a vertical actuator; The load detection unit includes: A first support plate that is horizontally movable; a first bearing placed on the first support plate; A second support plate disposed on the first support and horizontally movable relative to the first support plate; a second bearing placed on the second support plate; a third support plate disposed on the second support and connected to the first support plate so as to move in the same direction and by the same amount relative to the second support plate as the first support plate; a third support that is placed on the third support plate and supports the placement table so as to be horizontally movable relative to the third support plate; A first load cell for measuring a horizontal load applied to the mounting table; a second load cell disposed between the mounting table and the first support plate and the third support plate, the second load cell measuring a horizontal load applied to the first support plate and the third support plate; The apparatus further includes a third load cell that is disposed between the mounting table and the second support plate and that measures a horizontal load applied to the second support plate. Effect of the Invention

[0013] The present invention To In the case where the horizontal actuator moves the mounting table in the horizontal direction while applying a vertical load to the pressure plate by the vertical actuator, the horizontal load applied to the mounting table, which is the measurement value of the first load cell, is the sum of the horizontal load of the test object and the frictional force of the horizontal moving means of the first support plate (roller bearing, linear guide, etc.), and can be expressed as the sum of the horizontal load of the test object, the horizontal load applied to the first and third support plates, which is the measurement value of the second load cell, the horizontal load applied to the second support plate, and the horizontal load of the third support, which is the measurement value of the third load cell. Therefore, the horizontal load of the test object can be calculated by subtracting the measurement value of the second load cell, the measurement value of the third load cell, and the horizontal load of the third support from the measurement value of the first load cell.

[0014] Here, the horizontal load applied to the first and third support plates, which is the measurement value of the second load cell, is a value obtained by subtracting the horizontal loads of the first to third supports from the frictional force of the means for horizontally moving the first support plate (roller bearings, linear guides, etc.). Therefore, in the above calculation of the horizontal load of the test specimen, by subtracting the measurement value of the second load cell from the measurement value of the first load cell, which is the sum of the horizontal load of the test specimen and the frictional force of the means for horizontally moving the first support plate, it is possible to remove the influence of the frictional force of the means for horizontally moving the first support plate from the calculated value.

[0015] Moreover, the horizontal load applied to the second support plate, which is the measurement value of the third load cell, is the sum of the horizontal loads applied to the first and second supports.

[0016] When the first to third bearings are rubber bearings with the same shear spring constant, the horizontal load of these bearings is the product of this shear spring constant and its horizontal displacement. Here, the horizontal load applied to the second support plate, which is the measurement value of the third load cell, is the sum of the horizontal loads of the first and second bearings, so the shear spring constant can be expressed by the measurement value of the third load cell and the horizontal displacement of the first and second bearings. In addition, the horizontal displacement of the first and second bearings is the value obtained by subtracting the displacement of the third load cell from the displacement of the second load cell, and the displacement of the second load cell is the same as the horizontal displacement of the third bearing. The displacement of each of the second and third load cells can be expressed using the measurement value and stiffness of each. Therefore, the horizontal load on the third support can be expressed using the measurement values ​​and rigidity of the second and third load cells, and the horizontal load on the test specimen can be calculated using the measurement values ​​of the first to third load cells without depending on the shear spring constants of the first to third supports.

[0017] Furthermore, if the first to third bearings are roller bearings with the same friction coefficient, the horizontal load of these bearings is the product of this friction coefficient and the vertical load from the vertical actuator. Here, the horizontal load applied to the second support plate, which is the measurement value of the third load cell, is the sum of the horizontal loads of the first and second bearings, respectively, so the friction coefficient can be expressed as the measurement value of the third load cell and the vertical load from the vertical actuator. Therefore, the horizontal load of the test specimen can be calculated using the measurement values ​​of the first to third load cells, without depending on the friction coefficients of the first to third bearings.

[0018] Thus, the present invention To This makes it possible to measure the horizontal load on the test specimen with higher accuracy. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a load testing device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the loads applied to the various components of the load testing device 1. As shown in FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a flow diagram for explaining a load testing method using the load testing device 1. As shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a modified example 1a of the load testing device 1. As shown in FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the load applied to each part in the modified example 1b of the load testing device 1. In FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a load testing device 2 according to a reference example. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the load applied to each part of the load testing device 2. As shown in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a flow diagram for explaining a load testing method using the load testing device 2. As shown in FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the load applied to each part in the modified example 2a of the load testing device 2. As shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0025] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0026] figure 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a load testing device 1 according to the present embodiment.

[0027] The load testing apparatus 1 of this embodiment is an apparatus for measuring the horizontal load (horizontal resistance) of a test specimen 3 such as a laminated rubber bearing, and as shown in the figure, comprises a fixed base 10 having a U-shaped cross-section, a load detection unit 11, a pressure plate 12, a vertical actuator 13, a horizontal actuator 14, a horizontal movement mechanism 15, and a vertical movement mechanism 16.

[0028] The horizontal movement mechanism 15 is composed of roller bearings, linear guides, etc., and supports the load detection unit 11 so that it can move horizontally relative to the fixed base 10.

[0029] The vertical movement mechanism 16 is composed of roller bearings, linear guides, etc., and supports the pressure plate 12 so that it can move vertically relative to the fixed base 10.

[0030] The vertical actuator 13 is attached to the fixed base 10 and presses the pressure plate 12 in the vertical direction.

[0031] The horizontal actuator 14 is attached to the fixed base 10 and presses the load detection unit 11 in the horizontal direction.

[0032] The pressure plate 12 is in contact with the upper surface of the test specimen 3 and is moved vertically by a vertical actuator 13 and a vertical movement mechanism 16 to apply pressure to the test specimen 3 .

[0033] The load detection unit 11 is used to measure the measurement values ​​required to calculate the horizontal load on the test specimen 3, and has a mounting table 110 for mounting the test specimen 3, a first support plate 111, a first rubber bearing 112, a second support plate 113, a second rubber bearing 114, a third support plate 115, a third rubber bearing 116, a first load cell 117, a second load cell 118, and a third load cell 119.

[0034] The first support plate 111 is disposed on the horizontal movement mechanism 15, and is movable in the horizontal direction relative to the fixed base 10. On the first support plate 111, a first rubber bearing 112 is placed.

[0035] The second support plate 113 is disposed on the first rubber bearing 112, and is horizontally movable relative to the first support plate 111. On the second support plate 113, a second rubber bearing 114 is placed.

[0036] The third support plate 115 is disposed on the second rubber bearing 114, and is connected to the first support plate 111 by a connecting portion 1151 so as to move in the same direction and by the same amount as the first support plate 111 relative to the second support plate 113. A third rubber bearing 116 is placed on the third support plate 115.

[0037] The mounting table 110 is placed on a third rubber bearing 116, and is horizontally movable relative to the third support plate 115. The mounting table 110 also has side walls 1101, 1102 at both ends, and moves horizontally when the side wall 1101 is pressed horizontally by the horizontal actuator 14.

[0038] The first rubber bearing 112, the second rubber bearing 114, and the third rubber bearing 116 have the same shear spring constant.

[0039] The first load cell 117 is disposed between the side wall portion 1101 of the mounting table 110 and the horizontal actuator 14, and measures the horizontal load applied to the mounting table 110 (the horizontal load between the mounting table 110 and the fixed base 10).

[0040] The second load cell 118 is positioned between the side wall portion 1101 of the mounting table 110 and the connecting portion 1151 of the first support plate 111 and the third support plate 115, and measures the horizontal load applied to the first support plate 111 and the third support plate 115 (the horizontal load between the first support plate 111 and the third support plate 115 and the mounting table 110).

[0041] The third load cell 119 is disposed between the side wall portion 1102 of the mounting table 110 and the second support plate 113, and measures the horizontal load applied to the second support plate 113 (the horizontal load between the second support plate 113 and the mounting table 110).

[0042] FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the loads applied to the various components of the load testing device 1 according to this embodiment.

[0043] As shown in the figure, when a vertical load N is applied to pressure plate 12 by vertical actuator 13 while horizontal actuator 14 moves mounting table 110 in the horizontal direction, the horizontal load F1 applied to mounting table 110, which is the measurement value of first load cell 117, is the sum of the horizontal load Fh of test piece 3 and the frictional force of horizontal movement mechanism 15. When the friction coefficient of horizontal movement mechanism 15 is μ, the measurement value F1 of first load cell 117 can be expressed by equation 1.

[0044]

number

[0045] Furthermore, the measurement value F1 of the first load cell 117 can be expressed as the sum of the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3, the horizontal load F2 applied to the first support plate 111 and the third support plate 115 which is the measurement value of the second load cell 118, the horizontal load F3 applied to the second support plate 113 which is the measurement value of the third load cell 119, and the horizontal load of the third rubber bearing 116. Therefore, the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3 can be calculated by subtracting the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 118, the measurement value F3 of the third load cell 119, and the horizontal load of the third rubber bearing 116 from the measurement value F1 of the first load cell 117. Here, if the shear spring constant of the first rubber bearing 112, the second rubber bearing 114, and the third rubber bearing 116 is kr and the displacement of the third rubber bearing 116 is dx2, the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3 can be expressed by the following equation 2.

[0046]

number

[0047] Here, the horizontal load F2 applied to the first support plate 111 and the third support plate 115, which is the measurement value of the second load cell 118, is a value obtained by subtracting the horizontal loads of the first rubber bearing 112, the second rubber bearing 114, and the third rubber bearing 116 from the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 15. Since the first support plate 111 and the third support plate 115 move in the same direction and by the same amount relative to the second support plate 113, the displacement amounts of the first rubber bearing 112 and the second rubber bearing 114 are the same. When the displacement amounts of the first rubber bearing 112 and the second rubber bearing 114 are denoted by dxr, the horizontal load F2 applied to the first support plate 111 and the third support plate 115, which is the measurement value of the second load cell 118, can be expressed by Equation 3.

[0048]

number

[0049] As shown in Equation 3, the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 118 includes the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 15. Therefore, in Equation 2, by subtracting the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 118 from the measurement value F1 (see Equation 1) of the first load cell 117, which is the sum of the horizontal load Fh of the test body 3 and the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 15, the influence of the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 15 can be removed from the calculated value of the horizontal load Fh of the test body 3.

[0050] In addition, the horizontal load F3 applied to the second support plate 113, which is the measurement value of the third load cell 119, is the sum of the horizontal loads of the first rubber bearing 112 and the second rubber bearing 114, and can be expressed by the following equation 4.

[0051]

number

[0052] Furthermore, from equation 4, the shear spring constant kr of the first rubber bearing 112, the second rubber bearing 114, and the third rubber bearing 116 can be expressed by equation 5 using the measurement value F3 of the third load cell and the displacement dxr of the first rubber bearing 112 and the second rubber bearing 114.

[0053]

number

[0054] Furthermore, the displacement dxr of the first rubber bearing 112 and the second rubber bearing 114 is a value obtained by subtracting the displacement of the third load cell 119 from the displacement of the second load cell 118, and the displacement of the second load cell 118 is the same as the horizontal displacement dx2 of the third rubber bearing 116. When the displacement of the third load cell 119 is dx3, the displacement dxr of the first rubber bearing 112 and the second rubber bearing 114 can be expressed by Formula 6.

[0055]

number

[0056] Furthermore, since the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 118 is the product of the stiffness of the second load cell 118 and the displacement amount dx2, when the stiffness of the second load cell 118 is k2, the displacement amount dx2 of the second load cell 118 can be expressed by the following equation 7.

[0057]

number

[0058] Similarly, the measurement value F3 of the third load cell 119 is the product of the stiffness of the third load cell 119 and the displacement amount dx3, so if the stiffness of the third load cell 119 is k3, the displacement amount dx3 of the third load cell 119 can be expressed by the following equation 8.

[0059]

number

[0060] From equations 5 to 8, the shear spring constant kr of the first rubber bearing 112, the second rubber bearing 114, and the third rubber bearing 116 can be expressed by equation 9 using the measured values ​​F2, F3 and stiffness k2, k3 of the second load cell 118 and the third load cell 119, respectively.

[0061]

number

[0062] Therefore, the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3 can be expressed by the formula 10, and the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3 can be calculated using the measurement values ​​F1 to F3 of the first to third load cells 117 to 119, without depending on the shear spring constant kr of the first rubber bearing 112, the second rubber bearing 114, and the third rubber bearing 116.

[0063]

number

[0064] FIG. 3 is a flow diagram for explaining a load testing method using the load testing device 1 according to the present embodiment.

[0065] First, while a vertical load N is applied to the pressure plate 12 by the vertical actuator 13, the mounting table 110 is moved in the horizontal direction by the horizontal actuator 14 (S10). As a result, while the upper surface of the test piece 3 is pressurized by the vertical load N, the lower surface of the test piece 3 is displaced in the horizontal direction, generating a horizontal load Fh.

[0066] Next, the measurement values ​​F1 to F3 of the first to third load cells 117 to 119 are acquired (S11). The acquired measurement values ​​F1 to F3 of the first to third load cells 117 to 119 are then transmitted to an information processing device such as a personal computer, and the information processing device substitutes the measurement values ​​F1 to F3 into the above-mentioned equation 10 to calculate the horizontal applied load Fh of the test piece 3 (S12).

[0067] In this embodiment, the horizontal applied load Fh of the test specimen 3 is calculated by substituting the measured values ​​F1 to F3 of the first to third load cells 117 to 119 into the above-mentioned equation 10, and the effect of the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 15 can be removed from this calculated value. Also, the horizontal applied load Fh of the test specimen 3 can be calculated without depending on the shear spring constant kr of the first rubber bearing 112, the second rubber bearing 114, and the third rubber bearing 116. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the horizontal applied load Fh of the test specimen 3 can be measured with higher accuracy.

[0068] In this embodiment, when the horizontal actuator 14 moves the mounting table 110 in the horizontal direction and the test piece 3 is deformed as shown in Fig. 2, if the deformation amount becomes large, a rotational moment acts on the mounting table 110, and the mounting table 110 tries to rotate (tilt) clockwise. Rubber has low tensile stiffness and is easily deformed. Therefore, to counter this, a rotation prevention mechanism may be adopted for the first rubber bearing 112, the second rubber bearing 114, and the third rubber bearing 116.

[0069] 4, a bolt 17 having a horizontal movement mechanism 170 such as a roller bearing or a sliding bearing is used as a rotation prevention mechanism for the first rubber bearing 112, the second rubber bearing 114, and the third rubber bearing 116. The mounting table 110, the second support plate 113, and the third support plate 115 are respectively formed with through holes 1103, 1130, and 1150 having a diameter larger than that of the bolt 17, and a screw hole 1110 that screws into a screw portion formed at the tip of the bolt 17 is formed in the upper surface of the first support plate 111 (the mounting surface of the first rubber bearing 112). The bolt 17 is passed through the through hole 1103 of the mounting table 110, the through hole 1150 of the third support plate 115, and the through hole 1130 of the second support plate 113, and with the horizontal movement mechanism 170 interposed between the screw head and the upper surface of the mounting table 110 (the surface on which the test piece 3 is mounted), the tip of the bolt is screwed into the screw hole 1110 of the first support plate 111. This allows the mounting table 110 and the second support plate 113 to move horizontally relative to the first support plate 111, while restricting vertical movement, thereby preventing the first rubber bearing 112, the second rubber bearing 114, and the third rubber bearing 116 from rotating.

[0070] In this embodiment, rubber bearings having the same spring shear constant are used as the first bearing supporting second support plate 113 so as to be horizontally movable relative to first support plate 111, the second bearing supporting third support plate 115 so as to be horizontally movable relative to second support plate 113, and the third bearing supporting mounting table 110 so as to be horizontally movable relative to third support plate 115. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The first to third bearings may be roller bearings, sliding bearings, or the like having the same friction coefficient.

[0071] In variant 1b of the load testing apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 5, instead of the first rubber bearing 112, the second rubber bearing 114, and the third rubber bearing 116 having the same shear spring constant, a first roller bearing 120, a second roller bearing 121, and a third roller bearing 122 having the same friction coefficient are used.

[0072] As shown in the figure, when a vertical load N is applied to pressure plate 12 by vertical actuator 13 while horizontal actuator 14 is moving mounting table 110 in the horizontal direction, the horizontal load F1 applied to mounting table 110, which is the measurement value of first load cell 117, is the sum of the horizontal load Fh of test piece 3 and the friction force μ·N of horizontal movement mechanism 15, as shown in Equation 1.

[0073] Furthermore, the measurement value F1 of the first load cell 117 can be expressed as the sum of the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3, the horizontal load F2 applied to the first support plate 111 and the third support plate 115 which is the measurement value of the second load cell 118, the horizontal load F3 applied to the second support plate 113 which is the measurement value of the third load cell 119, and the horizontal load of the third roller bearing 122. Therefore, the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3 can be calculated by subtracting the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 118, the measurement value F3 of the third load cell 119, and the horizontal load of the third roller bearing 122 from the measurement value F1 of the first load cell 117. Here, when the friction coefficient of the first roller bearing 120, the second roller bearing 121, and the third roller bearing 122 is μr, the horizontal load Fh of the test piece 3 can be expressed by the following equation 11.

[0074]

number

[0075] Here, the horizontal load F2 applied to the first support plate 111 and the third support plate 115, which is the measurement value of the second load cell 118, is a value obtained by subtracting the horizontal loads of the first roller bearing 120, the second roller bearing 121, and the third roller bearing 122 from the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 15, as shown in Equation 12.

[0076]

number

[0077] As shown in Equation 12, the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 118 includes the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 15. Therefore, in Equation 11, by subtracting the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 118 from the measurement value F1 of the first load cell 117 (see Equation 1), which is the sum of the horizontal load Fh of the test body 3 and the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 15, the influence of the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 15 can be removed from the calculated value of the horizontal load Fh of the test body 3.

[0078] Moreover, the horizontal loads of the first roller bearing 120, the second roller bearing 121, and the third roller bearing 122 are the product of their friction coefficients μr and the vertical load N by the vertical actuator 13. Here, the horizontal load F3 applied to the second support plate 113, which is the measurement value of the third load cell 119, is the sum of the horizontal loads of the first roller bearing 120 and the second roller bearing 121, and can be expressed by equation 13.

[0079]

number

[0080] Therefore, the friction coefficient μr of the first roller bearing 120, the second roller bearing 121, and the third roller bearing 122 can be expressed by Equation 14 using the measurement value F3 of the third load cell 119.

[0081]

number

[0082] Therefore, the horizontal load Fh applied to the test specimen 3 can be expressed by the following equation (15).

[0083]

number

[0084] Therefore, using the measurement values ​​F1 to F3 of the first to third load cells 117 to 119, the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3 can be calculated without depending on the friction coefficient μr of the first roller bearing 120, the second roller bearing 121, and the third roller bearing 122.

[0085] figure 6 is Reference example FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a load testing device 2 according to the present invention.

[0086] Reference exampleThe load testing device 2 according to the present invention fruit Like the load testing apparatus 1 of the embodiment, this is an apparatus for measuring the horizontal load (horizontal resistance) of a test specimen 3 such as a laminated rubber bearing, and as shown in the figure, is equipped with a fixed base 20 having a U-shaped cross-section, a load detection unit 21, a pressure plate 22, a vertical actuator 23, a horizontal actuator 24, a horizontal movement mechanism 25, and a vertical movement mechanism 26.

[0087] The horizontal movement mechanism 25 is composed of roller bearings, linear guides, etc., and supports the load detection unit 21 so that it can move horizontally relative to the fixed base 20.

[0088] The vertical movement mechanism 26 is composed of roller bearings, linear guides, etc., and supports the pressure plate 22 so that it can move vertically relative to the fixed base 20.

[0089] The vertical actuator 23 is attached to the fixed base 20 and presses the pressure plate 22 in the vertical direction.

[0090] The horizontal actuator 24 is attached to the fixed base 20 and presses the load detection unit 21 in the horizontal direction.

[0091] The pressure plate 22 is in contact with the upper surface of the test specimen 3 and is moved vertically by a vertical actuator 23 and a vertical movement mechanism 26 to apply pressure to the test specimen 3 .

[0092] The load detection unit 21 is used to measure the measurement values ​​required to calculate the horizontal load on the test specimen 3, and has a mounting table 210 for mounting the test specimen 3, a support plate 211, a rubber bearing 212, a first load cell 213, and a second load cell 214.

[0093] The support plate 211 is disposed on the horizontal movement mechanism 25, and is movable in the horizontal direction relative to the fixed base 20. On the support plate 211, a rubber bearing 212 is placed.

[0094] The mounting table 210 is placed on a rubber bearing 212, and is movable in the horizontal direction relative to the support plate 211. The mounting table 210 also has a side wall portion 2101 at one end thereof, and is moved in the horizontal direction by the side wall portion 2101 being pressed in the horizontal direction by the horizontal actuator 24.

[0095] The first load cell 213 is disposed between the side wall portion 2101 of the mounting table 210 and the horizontal actuator 24, and measures the horizontal load applied to the mounting table 210 (the horizontal load between the mounting table 210 and the fixed base 20).

[0096] The second load cell 214 is disposed between the side wall portion 2101 of the mounting table 210 and the support plate 211, and measures the horizontal load applied to the support plate 211 (the horizontal load between the support plate 211 and the mounting table 210).

[0097] Figure 7 shows Reference example 2 is a diagram for explaining the load applied to each part of the load testing device 2 according to the embodiment. FIG.

[0098] As shown in the figure, when a vertical load N is applied to the pressure plate 22 by the vertical actuator 23 while the mounting table 210 is moved horizontally by the horizontal actuator 24, the horizontal load F1 applied to the mounting table 210, which is the measurement value of the first load cell 213, is the sum of the horizontal load Fh of the test piece 3 and the frictional force of the horizontal movement mechanism 25. When the friction coefficient of the horizontal movement mechanism 25 is μ, it can be expressed by the above-mentioned equation 1.

[0099] Furthermore, the measurement value F1 of the first load cell 213 can be expressed as the sum of the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3, the horizontal load F2 applied to the support plate 211, which is the measurement value of the second load cell 214, and the horizontal load of the rubber bearing 212. Therefore, the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3 can be calculated by subtracting the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 214 and the horizontal load of the rubber bearing 212 from the measurement value F1 of the first load cell 213. Here, if the shear spring constant of the rubber bearing 212 is kr and its displacement is dx2, the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3 can be expressed by Equation 16.

[0100]

number

[0101] Here, the horizontal load F2 applied to the support plate 211, which is the measurement value of the second load cell 214, is a value obtained by subtracting the horizontal load of the rubber bearing 212 from the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 25, and can be expressed by Equation 17.

[0102]

number

[0103] As shown in Equation 17, the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 214 includes the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 25. Therefore, in Equation 16, by subtracting the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 214 from the measurement value F1 of the first load cell 213 (see Equation 1), which is the sum of the horizontal load Fh of the test body 3 and the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 25, the influence of the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 15 can be removed from the calculated value of the horizontal load Fh of the test body 3.

[0104] Moreover, the displacement amount of the second load cell 214 is the same as the displacement amount dx2 of the rubber bearing 212. Since the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 214 is the product of the stiffness of the second load cell 214 and the displacement amount dx2, when the stiffness of the second load cell 118 is k2, the displacement amount dx2 of the second load cell 214 can be expressed by Equation 18.

[0105]

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[0106] Therefore, the horizontal load Fh applied to the test specimen 3 can be expressed by the following equation (19).

[0107]

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[0108] According to the formula 19, the horizontal load Fh of the test body 3 is of Unlike the embodiment, it depends on the shear spring constant kr of the rubber bearing 212. However, in general, the shear spring constant kr of the rubber bearing 212 is extremely small compared to the stiffness k2 of the second load cell 214. By grasping the shear spring constant kr of the rubber bearing 212 in advance or periodically, the influence can be reduced. of Compared to the embodiment, the configuration of the load detection unit 21 can be simplified and the load testing device 2 can be made smaller.

[0109] Figure 8 , reference example 1 is a flow chart for explaining a load testing method using the load testing device 2 according to the present invention.

[0110] First, while a vertical load N is applied to the pressure plate 22 by the vertical actuator 23, the mounting table 210 is moved in the horizontal direction by the horizontal actuator 24 (S20). As a result, while the upper surface of the test piece 3 is pressurized by the vertical load N, the lower surface of the test piece 3 is displaced in the horizontal direction, generating a horizontal load Fh.

[0111] Next, the measurement values ​​F1 and F2 of the first and second load cells 213 and 214 are obtained (S21). Then, the obtained measurement values ​​F1 and F2 of the first and second load cells 213 and 214 are transmitted to an information processing device such as a personal computer, and the information processing device substitutes the measurement values ​​F1 and F2 into the above-mentioned equation 19 to calculate the horizontal applied load Fh of the test specimen 3 (S22).

[0112] Reference example Then, by substituting the measured values ​​F1 and F2 of the first and second load cells 213 and 214 into the above-mentioned equation 19 to calculate the horizontal load Fh applied to the test body 3, the effect of the friction force μ·N of the horizontal movement mechanism 25 can be eliminated from this calculated value. of Unlike the embodiment, the calculated value of the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3 depends on the shear spring constant kr of the rubber bearing 212. Generally, however, the shear spring constant kr of the rubber bearing 212 is extremely small compared to the stiffness k2 of the second load cell 214. By determining the shear spring constant kr of the rubber bearing 212 in advance or periodically, the influence of the shear spring constant kr can be reduced. of Compared to the embodiment, the configuration of the load detection unit 21 can be simplified and the load testing device 2 can be made smaller.

[0113] In addition, Reference example In the above, a rubber bearing 212 is used as a support for supporting the mounting table 210 so as to be horizontally movable relative to the support plate 211. but, As a support for supporting the mounting table 210 so as to be horizontally movable relative to the support plate 211, a roller bearing, a sliding bearing, or the like may be used.

[0114] In a modified example 2 a of the load testing device 2 shown in FIG.

[0115] As shown in the figure, when the horizontal actuator 24 moves the mounting table 210 in the horizontal direction while applying a vertical load N to the pressure plate 22 by the vertical actuator 23, the horizontal load F1 applied to the mounting table 210, which is the measurement value of the first load cell 213, is the sum of the horizontal load Fh of the test body 3, the horizontal load F2 applied to the support plate 211, which is the measurement value of the second load cell 24, and the horizontal load of the roller bearing 215. Therefore, the horizontal load Fh of the test body 3 can be calculated by subtracting the measurement value F2 of the second load cell 214 and the horizontal load of the roller bearing 215 from the measurement value F1 of the first load cell 213. Here, when the friction coefficient of the roller bearing 215 is μr, the horizontal load Fh of the test body 3 can be expressed by the following formula 20.

[0116]

number

[0117] According to the formula 20, the horizontal load Fh of the test piece 3 is of Unlike the modified embodiment 1b, it depends on the friction coefficient μr of the roller bearing 215. Therefore, in order to reduce the effect of the horizontal load of the roller bearing 215 on the calculated value of the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen 3, it is necessary to reduce the friction coefficient μr of the roller bearing 215. By grasping the friction coefficient μr of the roller bearing 215 in advance or periodically, it is possible to reduce the effect. On the other hand, in the present invention of Compared to the modified embodiment 1b, the configuration of the load detection unit 21 can be simplified, and the load testing device 2 can be made smaller.

[0118] The above is an embodiment of the present invention. and reference examples He explained:

[0119] The present invention is Note The present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention.

[0120] For example, Note In the embodiment, a load test device that measures the applied load in one horizontal direction of the test specimen 3 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can also be applied to a load test device that measures the applied load in two orthogonal directions to the horizontal direction of the test specimen 3.

[0121] 1 and 4, for example, an XY stage or the like is used as the horizontal movement mechanism 15, which supports the load detection unit 11 so as to be movable in two orthogonal horizontal directions with respect to the fixed base 10. Then, in each of the cross-sectional views in the two orthogonal horizontal directions, the fixed base 10 and the mounting table 110 are formed so as to have the configuration of the load testing apparatus 1, 1a shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, and two horizontal actuators 14, vertical movement mechanisms 16, first load cells 117, second load cells 118, and third load cells 119 are provided.

[0122] In addition, in the load testing apparatus 1b shown in FIG. 5, an XY stage or the like is used as the horizontal movement mechanism 15, which supports the load detection unit 11 so that it can be moved in two horizontal orthogonal directions relative to the fixed base 10, and instead of the first roller bearing 120, an XY stage or the like is used that supports the second support plate 113 so that it can be moved in two horizontal orthogonal directions relative to the first support plate 111, and instead of the second roller bearing 121, an XY stage or the like is used that supports the third support plate 115 so that it can be moved in two horizontal orthogonal directions relative to the second support plate 113, and instead of the third roller bearing 122, an XY stage or the like is used that supports the mounting table 110 so that it can be moved in two horizontal orthogonal directions relative to the third support plate 115. Then, in each of the two cross-sectional views in two orthogonal directions in the horizontal direction, a fixed base 10 and a mounting table 110 are formed so as to form the load testing apparatus 1b shown in FIG. 5, and two horizontal actuators 14, two vertical movement mechanisms 16, two first load cells 117, two second load cells 118, and two third load cells 119 are provided.

[0123] 6, an XY stage or the like is used as the horizontal movement mechanism 25, which supports the load detection unit 21 so as to be movable in two orthogonal horizontal directions with respect to the fixed base 20. Then, in each of the cross-sectional views in the two orthogonal horizontal directions, the fixed base 20 and the mounting table 210 are formed so as to obtain the configuration of the load testing device 2 shown in FIG. 6, and two horizontal actuators 24, two vertical movement mechanisms 26, two first load cells 213, and two second load cells 214 are provided.

[0124] 9, an XY stage or the like is used as the horizontal movement mechanism 25, which supports the load detection unit 21 so as to be movable in two orthogonal directions in the horizontal direction relative to the fixed base 20, and an XY stage or the like is used instead of the roller bearings 215, which supports the mounting table 210 so as to be movable in two orthogonal directions in the horizontal direction relative to the support plate 211. Then, in each of the cross-sectional views in the two orthogonal directions in the horizontal direction, the fixed base 20 and the mounting table 210 are formed so as to have the configuration of the load testing device 2a shown in FIG. 9, and two horizontal actuators 24, two vertical movement mechanisms 26, two first load cells 213, and two second load cells 214 are provided. [Explanation of symbols]

[0125] 1, 1a, 1b, 2, 2a: Load test equipment 3: Test piece 10, 20: Fixed base 11, 21: Load detection unit 12, 22: Pressure plate 13, 23: Vertical actuator 14, 24: Horizontal actuator 15, 25, 170: Horizontal movement mechanism 16, 26: Vertical movement mechanism 17: Bolt 110, 210: Placement table 111: First support plate 112: First rubber bearing 113: Second support plate 114: Second rubber bearing 115: Third support plate 116: Third rubber bearing 117, 213: First load cell 118, 214: Second load cell 119: Third load cell 120: First roller bearing 121: Second roller bearing 122: Third roller bearing 211: Support plate 212: Rubber bearing 215: Roller bearing 1151: Connection part 1101, 1102, 2101: Side wall 1103, 1130, 1150: Through holes

Claims

1. A load testing device for measuring a horizontal load on a test body when a vertical load is applied to an upper surface of the test body and a lower surface of the test body is displaced in a horizontal direction, comprising: a load detection unit having a mounting table on which the test object is mounted and which can be moved in a horizontal direction by a horizontal actuator; a pressure plate that is in contact with the upper surface of the test piece and is movable in a vertical direction by a vertical actuator; The load detection unit includes: A first support plate that is horizontally movable; a first bearing placed on the first support plate; a second support plate disposed on the first support and horizontally movable relative to the first support plate; a second bearing placed on the second support plate; a third support plate disposed on the second support and connected to the first support plate so as to move in the same direction and by the same amount relative to the second support plate as the first support plate; a third support that is placed on the third support plate and supports the placement table so as to be horizontally movable relative to the third support plate; A first load cell for measuring a horizontal load applied to the mounting table; a second load cell disposed between the mounting table and the first support plate and the third support plate, the second load cell measuring a horizontal load applied to the first support plate and the third support plate; and a third load cell arranged between the mounting table and the second support plate and configured to measure a horizontal load applied to the second support plate. A load testing device comprising:

2. 2. The load testing apparatus according to claim 1, The first bearing, the second bearing, and the third bearing are rubber bearings having the same shear spring constant. A load testing device comprising:

3. 2. The load testing apparatus according to claim 1, The first bearing, the second bearing, and the third bearing are roller bearings having the same coefficient of friction. A load testing device comprising:

4. A load detection unit used to measure a horizontal load on a test specimen, a mounting table on which the test specimen is placed and which is movable in a horizontal direction; A first support plate that is horizontally movable; a first bearing placed on the first support plate; a second support plate disposed on the first support and horizontally movable relative to the first support plate; a second bearing placed on the second support plate; a third support plate disposed on the second support and connected to the first support plate so as to move in the same direction and by the same amount relative to the second support plate as the first support plate; a third support that is placed on the third support plate and supports the placement table so as to be horizontally movable relative to the third support plate; A first load cell for measuring a horizontal load applied to the mounting table; a second load cell disposed between the mounting table and the first support plate and the third support plate, the second load cell measuring a horizontal load applied to the first support plate and the third support plate; a third load cell disposed between the mounting table and the second support plate and configured to measure a horizontal load applied to the second support plate; A load detection unit comprising:

5. A load test method for measuring a horizontal load on a test specimen using a load test device, comprising: The load testing device includes: a load detection unit having a mounting table on which the test object is mounted and which can be moved in a horizontal direction by a horizontal actuator; a pressure plate that is in contact with the upper surface of the test piece and is movable in a vertical direction by a vertical actuator; The load detection unit includes: A first support plate that is horizontally movable; a first bearing placed on the first support plate; a second support plate disposed on the first support and horizontally movable relative to the first support plate; a second bearing placed on the second support plate; a third support plate disposed on the second support and connected to the first support plate so as to move in the same direction and by the same amount relative to the second support plate as the first support plate; a third support that is placed on the third support plate and supports the placement table so as to be horizontally movable relative to the third support plate; A first load cell for measuring a horizontal load applied to the mounting table; a second load cell disposed between the mounting table and the first support plate and the third support plate, the second load cell measuring a horizontal load applied to the first support plate and the third support plate; a third load cell disposed between the mounting table and the second support plate and configured to measure a horizontal load applied to the second support plate, a vertical actuator is used to move the pressure plate in a vertical direction to apply a vertical load to the upper surface of the test body, while a horizontal actuator is used to move the mounting table in a horizontal direction to displace the lower surface of the test body in a horizontal direction, thereby obtaining measurement values ​​of the first load cell, the second load cell, and the third load cell; Calculating the horizontal load of the test specimen using the acquired measured values ​​of the first load cell, the second load cell, and the third load cell. A load testing method comprising:

6. The load testing method according to claim 5, the first bearing, the second bearing, and the third bearing are rubber bearings having the same shear spring constant; The measurement value of the first load cell is F1, the measurement value of the second load cell is F2, the measurement value of the third load cell is F3, the stiffness of the second load cell is k2, and the stiffness of the third load cell is k3, and the horizontal load Fh of the test body is expressed as follows: ##EQU00021## Calculate by A load testing method comprising:

7. The load testing method according to claim 5, the first bearing, the second bearing, and the third bearing are roller bearings having the same coefficient of friction; The measured value of the first load cell is F1, the measured value of the second load cell is F2, and the measured value of the third load cell is F3, and the horizontal load Fh of the test specimen is calculated as follows: [0022] Calculate by A load testing method comprising:

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