Column construction method

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pole erection method making it possible to erect a utility pole efficiently and safely with a small number of workers even in a construction environment where heavy machinery cannot be used.　The pole erection method according to the present invention is characterized by preparing a cylindrical structure 60 such that when the structure is erected perpendicularly to the ground with one end 60a at the bottom, an edge 61a at the other end 60b is higher than another edge 61b (step S01), burying the one end 60a of the structure 60 in the ground (step S02), placing a lower end 10a-1 of a utility pole 10a lying on the ground on the other edge 61b of the structure 60 (step S03), pressing the lower end portion of the utility pole against an inner wall 62 (step S04), and lifting an upper end portion 10a-2 of the utility pole 10a, with the other edge 61b as a fulcrum, while pressing the lower end portion 10a-1 of the utility pole 10a against the inner wall 62, and sliding the utility pole 10a into a cavity 63 of the structure 60 to erect the pole (step S05).

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a pole erection method for erecting a pole, such as a utility pole, on the ground to be installed outdoors. [Background technology]

[0002] Outdoor utility poles are used by telecommunications companies to support communication cables, and by electric power companies to support cables for transmitting and distributing electricity. The number of utility poles in Japan, including those used by telecommunications companies, electric power companies, railway companies, traffic signals, etc., is said to be over 33 million. Furthermore, the number is increasing with the construction of approximately 50,000 to 100,000 new poles every year.

[0003] Utility poles can be long and heavy, and construction is often carried out in an environment with obstacles such as houses and people and cars passing by, so many workers are used to ensure safety. Under these circumstances, considering that the number of utility poles will continue to increase every year, and that the large number of utility poles that have already been constructed will need to be replaced due to deterioration over time, there is a demand for efficient construction of utility poles with fewer workers. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] Kansai Electric Power Group Facebook (Scenes from the construction of a new utility pole by hand), https: / / www.facebook.com / kanden.jp / posts / 1057205184308814 / ?form=MY01SV&OCID=MY01SV (Retrieved June 10, 2021) [Non-Patent Document 2] Imaken Co., Ltd. website, Dakase pole installation method, http: / / www.nichiden-group.co.jp / imaken / dakase / dakase0002.htm (accessed June 10, 2021) Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] There are two types of construction environments for pole erection work: one where there are no constraints such as road width or obstacles, and there is sufficient working space for heavy machinery such as pole hole digging vehicles near the construction site, and another where there are constraints such as road width and obstacles, and there is no way to secure working space for heavy machinery near the construction site, so construction must be done by hand.

[0006] FIG. 1 is a diagram explaining the work procedure for erecting utility poles in a construction environment where heavy machinery can be used. STEP 1 in Fig. 1 is a process of determining a position A for erecting a new utility pole 10a. After determining the position, a worker 13 breaks up the pavement as necessary to expose the ground 50. Reference numeral 10 denotes an existing utility pole. STEP 2 in Fig. 1 is a step in which a worker 13 carefully digs a hole by hand to a depth of about 1.5 m at position A in the ground 50 (trial digging) to avoid accidentally damaging buried objects such as electricity, gas, or water pipes during the pole erection work. Reference numeral 55 denotes the trial digging hole. STEP 3 in FIG. 1 is a process in which, if there is no risk of damaging buried objects in the previous process, a heavy machine 15 such as a pole hole digger continues digging a hole 55 to a depth required for erecting a new utility pole 10a. STEP 4 in Fig. 1 is a process in which utility pole 10a is hoisted by heavy machinery 15 such as a crane in order to place utility pole 10a in hole 57 excavated in the previous process. For safety reasons, worker 13 supports utility pole 10a with a rope to prevent it from swinging, and then places utility pole 10a in hole 57 and stands it up. STEP 5 in FIG. 1 is a process in which worker 13 fills hole 57 while compacting the soil, thereby fixing constructed utility pole 10 a to ground 50 .

[0007] In this way, when constructing utility poles using heavy machinery, it is possible to reduce labor by having some of the work done by machine.

[0008] On the other hand, Figure 2 illustrates the procedure for constructing utility poles by hand when heavy machinery is not available.

[0009] STEP 1 in FIG. 2 is the same process as STEP 1 in FIG. STEP 2 in FIG. 2 is a process in which a worker 13 manually excavates a hole 55 that has been trial-dug in the exposed ground 50 in the same manner as STEP 2 in FIG. 1 to a depth required for constructing the utility pole 10a. Reference numeral 58 denotes the hole that has been dug. STEP 2 (a) and (b) are a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the ground surface and a top view seen from the ground surface, respectively, of the shape of the hole 58. In order to erect the utility pole 10a safely by hand, the hole 58 is excavated at an angle to the vertically excavated hole 55a to provide a slideway 58b. Furthermore, the hole 58 needs to be excavated wider than when using heavy machinery as described in FIG. 1 in order to erect a backing plate 56 to be used in the next step. STEP 3 in Fig. 2 is the process of inserting the utility pole 10a into the hole 58 that has been dug and erecting it. In this process, first, a backing plate 56 is installed in the hole 58. Then, for safety reasons, a worker 13 acts as an assistant and supports the utility pole 10a with a rope 14 to prevent it from swinging, and multiple workers 13 lift the utility pole 10a by hand, slide it down the slide slope 58b, and gradually erect the utility pole 10a while pressing it against the backing plate 56. The number of workers 13 required varies depending on the length and weight of the utility pole 10a to be erected, and the longer and heavier the pole, the more workers 13 are required. STEP 4 in FIG. 2 is the same process as STEP 5 in FIG.

[0010] As described above, the method of erecting utility poles by hand has the first problem that it requires more extensive excavation than when using heavy machinery, and therefore more workers. The second problem is that it is very inefficient because it places a heavy physical strain on the workers and takes long hours to complete the work. The third problem is that the long, heavy utility poles involve the risk of the poles colliding with surrounding objects such as houses or pedestrians, or even the workers themselves.

[0011] Therefore, in order to solve the above three problems, the present invention aims to provide a pole erection method that can erect utility poles efficiently and safely with a small number of workers, even in construction environments where heavy machinery cannot be used. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, the pole erection method according to the present invention involves inserting a structure of a specific shape into an excavated hole to erect the pole.

[0013] The pole erection method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: To provide a cylindrical structure, which when erected vertically on the ground with one end at the bottom, has one edge at the other end higher than the other edges; burying the one end of the structure in the ground; placing a lower end of the utility pole laid on the ground on the other edge of the other end of the structure that faces the edge of the part; Pressing the lower end of the utility pole against an inner wall of the edge of the portion of the structure; and While pressing the lower end of the utility pole against the inner wall, lift the upper end of the utility pole using the other edge as a fulcrum, and slide the utility pole down into the hollow portion of the structure to erect the utility pole; It is characterized by:

[0014] The structure has a function equivalent to a conventional backing plate or slideway. Therefore, the size of the hole to be excavated can be approximately the diameter of the structure, and the pole is erected using its own weight with the other edge as a fulcrum, so pole erection work can be carried out efficiently with a small number of people. Furthermore, because the shape of the structure allows the pole to settle on the other edge, the pole swings less, and there is less risk of the pole hitting the surroundings such as houses and pedestrians, or the worker himself.

[0015] Therefore, the present invention can provide a pole erection method that can erect utility poles efficiently and safely with a small number of workers even in a construction environment where heavy machinery cannot be used.

[0016] The structure may have the following shapes, for example: The edge of the other end of the structure has a shape including a cross section obtained by cutting the structure linearly and obliquely with respect to a central axis. The edge of the other end of the structure has a shape including a cut surface obtained by cutting the structure obliquely in a curved line with respect to a central axis. The edge of the other end of the structure has a stepped shape defined by the partial edge and the other edge. The other edge has a wedge-shaped notch in the center. The part of the edge has a constant height.

[0017] The above-mentioned inventions can be combined as much as possible. Effect of the Invention

[0018] The present invention can provide a pole erection method that enables a utility pole to be erected efficiently and safely with a small number of workers even in a construction environment where heavy machinery cannot be used. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a pole erection method using heavy machinery. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a manual pole erection method. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a structure used in the pole erection method according to the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a structure used in the pole erection method according to the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a pole erection method according to the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a pole erection method according to the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a pole erection method according to the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a pole erection method according to the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a structure used in the pole erection method according to the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a structure used in the pole erection method according to the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a structure used in the pole erection method according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below are examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Note that components with the same reference numerals in this specification and drawings indicate the same components.

[0021] (Embodiment 1) FIG. 7 is a flow chart for explaining the pole erection method of this embodiment. A cylindrical structure 60 is prepared such that, when one end 60a is placed vertically on the ground with one end 60a facing downward, a part of an edge 61a at the other end 60b is higher than the other edge 61b (step S01); Burying one end 60a of the structure 60 in the ground (step S02); The lower end 10a-1 of the utility pole 10a laid on the ground is placed on the other edge 61b of the other end 60b of the structure 60, the other edge 61b facing the part of the edge 61a (step S03); Pressing the lower end 10a-1 of the utility pole 10a against the inner wall 62 on the edge 61a side of a part of the structure 60 (step S04); While pressing the lower end 10a-1 of the utility pole 10a against the inner wall 62, the upper end 10a-2 of the utility pole 10a is lifted using the other edge 61b as a fulcrum, and the utility pole 10a is slid down into the hollow portion 63 of the structure 60 to erect the utility pole (step S05). It is characterized by:

[0022] 3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining an example of a structure 60. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the structure 60, and FIG. 4 is a three-view diagram of the structure 60. (A) is a top view, (B) is a front view, and (C) is a side view. The structure 60 is a cylindrical object with a hollow center. When the structure 60 is erected vertically on the ground with one end 60a facing downward, it has a height difference such that a part of an edge 61a at the other end 60b is higher than the other edge 61b. Here, the part of the edge 61a and the other edge 61b are located at diagonal positions.

[0023] The edge of the other end 60b of the structure 60 of this embodiment is characterized by a shape including a cut surface obtained by cutting the structure 60 obliquely in a curved shape with respect to the central axis. As shown in FIG. 4(C), in the case of the structure 60 of this embodiment, a part of the edge 61a and the other edge 61b are connected by a gentle curve. This has the effect that when a utility pole, which will be described later, is placed on the other end 60b, the utility pole slides down to the other edge 61b under its own weight and settles. Note that, as shown in FIG. 3, it is desirable that the structure 60 is symmetrical with respect to the plane defined by the central axis of the structure 60 and the straight line X-X'. The side with a higher height difference has a fixed surface to serve as a backing plate.

[0024] In addition, a portion of the edge 61a has a constant width and height in the circumferential direction, and maintains a certain area of ​​the inner wall 62. This is to provide the edge 61a with the function of a backing plate for pressing the lower end portion 10a-1 against the inner wall 62.

[0025] The pole erection method of this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. Figures 8(1) and (2) show the same steps as STEP 1 and STEP 2 in Figure 1. Reference numeral 59 denotes a hole that the worker 13 has excavated from the test hole 55. Unlike the hole 58 described in Figure 2, the excavation amount of the hole 59 is only the amount of the cylindrical structure 60, since the structure 60 has the functions of the backing plate 56 and the slideway 8b. Fig. 8(3) corresponds to steps S01 and S02 in Fig. 7, and is a process of preparing a structure 60 and burying it in a hole 59. Here, the structure 60 is not entirely buried in the ground 50, but a part of one end 60a of the structure 60 is buried. In other words, the other end 60b of the structure 60 protrudes above the ground surface. The structure 60 becomes the base of the utility pole 10a. Fig. 8(4) shows step S03 in Fig. 7, which is a process of placing the lower end 10a-1 of the utility pole 10a on the other edge 60b of the structure 60. Fig. 5 is a diagram explaining this state in detail. The other end 60b of the structure 60 is composed of some edges 61a and other edges 61b of different heights, which are connected by a gentle curve, so that when the lower end 10a-1 of the utility pole 10a is placed on the structure 60, the utility pole 10a slides down to the other edge 61b under its own weight and settles. FIG. 8(5) shows step S04 in FIG. 7, where the worker 13 lifts the upper end 10a-2 of the utility pole 10 and presses the lower end 10a-1 against the inner wall 62 of a part of the structure 60 on the edge 61a side. Figures 8(6) and (7) show step S05 in Figure 7. As shown in Figure 8(6), the worker 13 approaches the structure 60 while pressing the lower end 10a-1 of the utility pole 10a against the inner wall 62, and raises the upper end 10a-2 of the utility pole 10a using the other edge 61b as a fulcrum. Then, when the utility pole 10a stands at a certain angle relative to the ground 50, the lower end 10a-1 slides down into the hollow portion 63 of the structure 60 due to its own weight, and the utility pole 10a can be erected (see Figures 8(7) and 6).

[0026] In this way, by using the structure 60, when erecting the utility pole 10a by hand, it is no longer necessary to excavate a large hole 58 for installing the slideway or backing plate described in FIG. 2. In other words, by using the structure 60, the pole can be erected efficiently. Furthermore, since the structure 60 supports the utility pole 10a and assists in the construction, the labor of the worker 13 can be reduced, and safe work can be achieved with a small number of people. If the utility pole is made of a lightweight material such as plastic, it can be erected by a single worker.

[0027] (Variations in structure shape) 3 and 4 illustrate an example of the shape of the structure 60, but the structure 60 may have other shapes. Figures 9 to 11 are three-sided views illustrating the shape of the structure 60. In each figure, (A) is a top view, (B) is a front view, and (C) is a side view.

[0028] The edge of the other end 60b of the structure 60 in FIG. 9 has a shape including a cut surface obtained by cutting the structure 60 diagonally in a straight line with respect to the central axis. The structure 60 in this figure has a shape like a bamboo cut diagonally. In the case of such a shape, the positions of the part of the edge 61a, the other edge 61b, and the inner wall 62 are not clear, but when the structure 60 is stood on the ground with the one end 60a facing down, the area including the highest part of the other end 60b is the part of the edge 61a, and the area including the lowest part of the other end 60b is the other edge 61b. In addition, when viewed from the front, the inner wall part below the part of the edge 61a visible from the front is the inner wall 62.

[0029] The edge of the other end 60b of the structure 60 in Fig. 10 has a stepped shape composed of a part of the edge 61a and another edge 61b. In other words, when the structure 60 is stood on the ground with the one end 60a facing down, the part of the edge 61a and the other edge 61b, which have a difference in height, are horizontal to the ground, and the edge between the part of the edge 61a and the other edge 61b is vertical to the ground.

[0030] The structure 60 of FIG. 10 may have a wedge-shaped notch 61c in the center of the other edge 61b as shown in FIG.

[0031] The three types of structures 60 shown here can be used in any shape in the same manner as in FIG. 8 as an efficient pole erection method. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 10, 10a: Electric pole 10a-1: Bottom end 10a-2: Upper end 13: Worker 15: Heavy machinery 50: Ground 55: Test hole 56: Backing plate 58: Hole 58a: Main hole 58b: Slippery slope 60: Structure 60a: One end 60b: other end 61a: Some ties 61b: Other connections 61c: Slit 62:Inner wall 63: Cavity

Claims

1. To provide a cylindrical structure, which when erected vertically on the ground with one end at the bottom, has one edge at the other end higher than the other edges; burying the one end of the structure in the ground; placing a lower end of the utility pole laid on the ground on the other edge of the other end of the structure that faces the edge of the part; Pressing the lower end of the utility pole against an inner wall of the edge of the portion of the structure; and While pressing the lower end of the utility pole against the inner wall, lift the upper end of the utility pole using the other edge as a fulcrum, and slide the utility pole down into the hollow portion of the structure to erect the utility pole; A pole erection method characterized by the above.

2. 2. The pole erection method according to claim 1, wherein the edge of the other end of the structure has a shape including a cut surface obtained by cutting the structure linearly and obliquely with respect to a central axis.

3. 2. The pole erection method according to claim 1, wherein the edge of the other end of the structure has a shape including a cut surface obtained by cutting the structure obliquely in a curved shape with respect to a central axis.

4. 2. The pole erection method according to claim 1, wherein the edge of the other end of the structure has a stepped shape constituted by the part of the edge and the other edge.

5. The pole erection method according to claim 4, wherein the other edge has a wedge-shaped notch in the central portion.

6. 6. A pole erection method according to claim 1, wherein the height of the part of the edge is constant.

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