Drain unit

Abstract

To provide a drainage ditch unit capable of preventing accumulation of sand and mud on a bridge without requiring frequent cleaning and maintenance. [Solution] A drainage gutter unit with a steel drainage outlet 1 for draining the road surface of a bridge, characterized in that it has: (a) a flow plate 20 having a bottom surface 24 through which wastewater flows, a rising portion 23 that rises from the end of the bottom surface 24 and forms the front wall, and a back surface 25 that rises from the end of the bottom surface 24 opposite the rising portion 23, and having an opening 241 on the bottom surface 24; (b) an upper cover body 10 that is placed on the flow plate 20 and is removably provided as a lid and has flow holes 14 drilled therein; and (c) a flow outlet member 30 that has a cylindrical portion 32 provided below the opening 241 and an inverted truncated cone-shaped flow outlet pipe portion 31 that connects the lower end of the opening 241 and the upper end of the cylindrical portion 32.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a steel drainage ditch unit that is installed on the shoulder of a bridge to drain the road surface, and in particular to a drainage ditch unit at the end of the drainage ditch that is connected to a drainage pipe. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, steel drainage ditch units are hollow units that are arranged in a row on the shoulder of a roadway or the like to drain water. The drainage ditch unit has a drainage end portion that is provided at a position where a drain pipe is located, and a general water passage portion that guides drainage water toward the drainage end portion. A large number of general water passage portions and drainage ends arranged in a row, or only the drainage end portions, or only the general water passage portions, are collectively referred to as a drainage ditch unit. The drainage end portion not only allows water to flow inside, but also has a hole at the bottom for draining water to the bottom. In order to drain a large amount of rainwater, etc., a drainage end portion is also known in which the main body of the drainage end portion and the drainage end pipe are separately constructed, and a connecting member is used to prevent water from leaking out between the main body and the drainage end pipe (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2017-128851 A

[0004] Bridges often have a slope so that the road surface gradually decreases toward both ends of the bridge. The drainage ditch units installed on bridges collect rainwater and other water from the road surface on the bridge in the general water passage section and end section of the drainage ditch unit, guide it to a drainage pipe connected to the end section, and drain it below the bridge. In the connected drainage ditch units, rainwater that flows into the general water passage section flows to the lower side and is drained at the end sections installed at regular intervals. End sections with open sides are installed in places where rainwater is expected to flow in from the general water passage sections on both sides, and end sections with side panels that serve as walls on the left (right) end are often installed in places where rainwater is expected to flow in mainly from the general water passage sections on the right (left) side. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, conventional drain units generally have circular holes in the flat bottom surface through which water is discharged into the drain pipe, which creates the problem that when the water flow is low, the sand and mud in the drain unit do not flow sufficiently to the drain pipe, and end up accumulating on the bottom surface at the end of the drain.

[0006] In addition, cleaning and other maintenance work to remove debris and other debris that has accumulated inside the drains is particularly difficult on bridges, and once sand and mud have accumulated, the accumulation accelerates. If sand and mud remain in the drains, the drainage unit cannot drain sufficiently, causing water to overflow onto the bridge road and hindering vehicle travel.

[0007] On bridges, it is necessary to build scaffolding and use PVC pipes to inspect the drainage outlet, which is a difficult task, and so there was an issue of road managers not cleaning it. If maintenance is not done properly, it will rust easily over time, and after a few years the sand will turn to mud and accumulate on the top of the drainage unit, preventing water from flowing. Furthermore, if the mud gets clogged, it will become like a planter, and grass will grow, significantly reducing the drainage function. Despite these problems, the difficulty of the work means that maintenance is essentially left unattended, and in some cases drainage becomes impossible.

[0008] Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a drainage ditch unit that solves the above-mentioned problems and can prevent the accumulation of sand and mud on bridges without the need for frequent cleaning and maintenance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides: A steel drainage ditch unit for draining the bridge deck, (a) A flow plate having a bottom surface through which wastewater flows, a rising portion rising from an end of the bottom surface to become a front wall, and a back surface rising from an end of the bottom surface opposite the rising portion, and having an opening in the bottom surface; (b) a top cover body that is detachably provided as a cover on the water flow plate and has a water flow hole; (c) A drainage groove unit is provided, characterized in having a drainage end member including a cylindrical portion provided below the opening and an inverted truncated cone drainage pipe portion connecting the lower end of the opening and the upper end of the cylindrical portion.

[0010] According to the first aspect of the present invention, water flows more easily. Furthermore, the water flows in a swirling manner, washing away sand and mud that tend to accumulate on the bottom of the bridge, making it difficult for sediment and the like to accumulate. Therefore, accumulation of sand and mud on the bridge can be prevented without frequent cleaning and maintenance.

[0011] The opening is a rectangle having a first long side adjacent to the rear portion, a second long side adjacent to the rising portion, and two short sides connecting the first long side and the second long side, The end pipe portion is an inverted truncated pyramid, It is preferable that one of the angles formed by the conical surface on the short side and the bottom surface is equal to or smaller than the angle formed by the conical surface on the long side and the bottom surface. Even with a small amount of water, water flows over the surface of the slope in the end pipe, so that sand and mud that has washed up on the slope can easily flow into the cylindrical section, and sand and mud are less likely to accumulate between the opening and the back section and between the opening and the rising section, thereby improving the drainage function and the sand discharge function.

[0012] Alternatively, the front opening is a circle adjacent to the rear portion and the rising portion, The flow end pipe portion is an inverted truncated cone, It is preferable that one of the angles between the cone surface parallel to the flow path and the bottom surface is equal to or smaller than the angle between the cone surface perpendicular to the flow path and the bottom surface. Even with a small amount of water, water flows over the surface of the slope in the end pipe, so that sand and mud that has washed up on the slope can easily flow into the cylindrical section, and sand and mud are less likely to accumulate between the opening and the back section and between the opening and the rising section, thereby improving the drainage function and the sand discharge function.

[0013] Furthermore, it is preferable that the diameter of the cylindrical portion is greater than the length of the water flow hole. Since the dust entering through the water flow hole is smaller than the cylindrical portion, there is no need to worry about the cylindrical portion being clogged with dust.

[0014] It is preferable that a plurality of partition plates are provided on the upper surface side of the bottom surface in parallel with the back surface. Since the water flow is divided into two or more before flowing into the outlet pipe, it becomes easier to generate a vortex. Effect of the Invention

[0015] According to the present invention, accumulation of sand and mud on bridges can be prevented without frequent cleaning maintenance. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a drainage groove unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram (right side) of installation of the drainage groove unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a drainage groove unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic perspective view of a drainage groove unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 5] 1A and 1B are schematic left and right side views of a drainage groove unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a drainage groove unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram (right side) of installation of the drainage groove unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8]FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a second embodiment of the drainage groove unit of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a drainage groove unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] 5A and 5B are schematic left and right side views of a drainage groove unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 11] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram (right side) showing the installation of a modified example of the drainage groove unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram (front side) of installation of a modified example of the drain groove unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram (right side) showing the installation of a modified example of the drainage groove unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram (front side) of installation of a modified example of the second embodiment of the drain groove unit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] The present invention will be specifically described below using examples, but the present invention is not limited to these. EXAMPLES

[0018] In the drainage groove unit (end of drainage section 1) of Example 1, the drainage water rotates smoothly over the surface of the end of drainage pipe section, and falls down the slope of a rotating slide without any violence, washing away the surface just like a washing machine.

[0019] {composition} FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the drainage channel unit of the present invention. The drainage channel unit (end 1) of this embodiment is a hollow steel unit, and is connected to a general water passage section arranged in succession on a road shoulder, etc., with the back side facing the sidewalk and the front side facing the roadway, and is particularly suitable for installation on a bridge. Hereinafter, the front side 12 side will be described as the front side of the drainage channel section 1. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a plan view (top), front, and right side. FIGS. 1 to 5 show an example of an end section provided at the left end of a series of drainage channel units of a continuous general water passage section, and the left side is closed by a side plate 40. Note that the right side of the end section provided at the right end of the continuous drainage channel units is closed by a side plate. In addition, the end section in which the drainage channel units of the general water passage section are connected to the left and right of the drainage channel unit of the end section are not closed on both sides.

[0020] 2 is an explanatory diagram (right side) of the installation of the drainage ditch unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The drainage end 1 also serves as a curb, and is laid on the road shoulder with the upper surface of the receiving portion 13 at the same height as the road surface.

[0021] There is a ground cover on the back side of the drainage unit, which is connected and fixed to the deck within the ground cover, and the bridge's parapet and fence are installed on top of the ground cover behind the back side. A wall parapet may be used instead of a ground cover. In the case of a bridge with a sidewalk at the edge of the roadway, the sidewalk is made higher than the roadway by pouring asphalt or the like on the back side of the drainage unit. In the case of a pedestrian bridge, a fence or guardrail is installed on top of the ground cover on the back side of the drainage unit.

[0022] An anchor pipe 51 is provided on the back side of the back portion 25 of the running water plate 20. On the back side of the back portion 25 of the running water plate 20, i.e., the back side of the drainage end portion 1, three anchor pipes are welded in a line to the top and four anchor pipes are welded in a line to the bottom. Each anchor pipe is cylindrical, and an L-shaped anchor bar 52 is passed through it. The anchor bar 52 has one end that is perpendicular to the one that is passed through the anchor pipe 51, and the other end that protrudes perpendicular to the back side of the drainage unit, and is fixed to the anchor reinforcing bar K protruding from the floor slab on the back side.

[0023] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a drainage groove unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3(a) is a top view with the top cover in place, Fig. 3(b) is a front view with the top cover in place, Fig. 3(c) is a top view with the top cover removed, and Fig. 3(d) is a rear view with the top cover in place.

[0024] The drainage ditch unit of this embodiment is a drainage ditch unit of a steel drainage end 1 that drains the road surface of a bridge, and is configured to include (a) a bottom surface 24 through which drainage water flows, a rising portion 23 that rises from the end of the bottom surface 24 and becomes a wall on the front side, and a back surface 25 that rises from the end of the bottom surface 24 opposite to the rising portion 23, and a flow plate 20 having an opening 241 on the bottom surface 24, (b) an upper cover body 10 that is detachably provided as a cover to be placed on the flow plate 20 and has a flow hole 14 drilled therein, and (c) a flow end member 30 that includes a cylindrical portion 32 provided below the opening 241 and a flow end pipe portion 31 of an inverted truncated cone that connects the lower end of the opening 241 and the upper end of the cylindrical portion 32. The upper surface side of the flow plate 20 is the bottom surface 24, and serves as a flow channel for flowing the drainage water that has flowed into the drainage ditch unit.

[0025] The details are described below. The upper cover body 10 is formed into a right-angled S-shape by bending a steel plate continuously in a crank shape into three faces. That is, the upper cover body 10 is composed of an upper surface portion 11, a front surface portion 12 whose upper end is continuous with one end of the upper surface portion 11 and is a surface perpendicular to the upper surface portion 11 downward, and a receiving surface portion 13 which is continuous with the lower end of the front surface portion 12 and is a surface perpendicular to the opposite side of the upper surface portion 11. A plurality of water flow holes 14 through which rainwater enters are drilled at the corner portion between the front surface portion 12 and the receiving surface portion 13. In FIG. 1, there are eight water flow holes 14, but the number of water flow holes is not limited to this. In this embodiment, the angle between the front surface portion 12 and the receiving surface portion 13 or the upper surface portion 11 is 90 degrees, but it is not limited to this, and the lower part of the front surface portion 12 may be inclined in a direction protruding toward the front side.

[0026] The water flow plate 20 is arranged by bending a steel plate into a right-angled L-shape and then bending the front end upward at a right angle, with the back side as back section 25, the underside as bottom section 24 and the rising wall part at the front end as rising section 23, so as to form a hollow area below the top cover 10 from the back side of the top cover 10 to the lower front side, and the height of the front end is the same as the receiving surface section 13 of the top cover 10. In other words, the top cover 10 serves as a lid for the water flow plate 20, which is open at the top.

[0027] The drainage ditch units are lined up in a row at the edge of the roadway and embedded so that the upper surface of the receiving surface 13 is flat against the roadway surface, and adjacent drainage ditch units are connected. The upper cover body 10 and the running water plate 20 are made by bending or roll forming to form each surface.

[0028] FIG. 4 is a perspective schematic diagram of the drainage groove unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4(a) is a view of the drainage groove unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention when the top cover is open, and FIG. 4(b) is a view of the drainage groove unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention when the top cover is closed. FIG. 5 is a schematic left side view (a) and a schematic right side view (b) of the drainage groove unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5(b), the internal structure is omitted. An opening 241 is provided in the bottom surface portion 24 of the water flow plate 20. In this embodiment, the opening 241 is provided at the left end of the bottom surface portion 24 because it is a drainage groove unit of the end portion connected to the left end of the drainage groove unit of the continuous general water flow portion. In the end portion connected to the right end of the drainage groove unit of the continuous general water flow portion, it is preferable to provide the opening at the right end of the end portion. In addition, in the end portion connecting the drainage groove units of the general water flow portion connected to both sides, it is preferable to provide the opening at the center of the end portion. In this embodiment, the waterway in the drainage ditch unit is approximately 50 to 60 mm high and 300 mm wide, with drain outlets approximately every 20 m and a flow outlet at the location of the drain outlets, but is not limited to this.

[0029] The opening 241 is a rectangle having a first long side 242 adjacent to the back surface portion 25, a second long side 243 adjacent to the rising portion 23, and two short sides 244, 245 connecting the first long side 242 and the second long side 243. The end pipe portion 31 is an inverted truncated quadrangular pyramid. Since the opening 241 is adjacent to the back surface portion 25 and the rising portion 23, sand and mud are unlikely to accumulate between them.

[0030] The angle (σ in FIG. 5(b)) between the conical surface 311 on the first long side 242 side and the bottom surface portion 24 and the angle (γ in FIG. 5(b)) between the conical surface 313 on the second long side 243 side and the bottom surface portion 24 are equal to or greater than the angle (β in FIG. 3(d)) between the conical surface 314 on the short side 244 side where there is no side panel 40 and the bottom surface portion 24 (σ≧β) (γ≧β). In this embodiment, since σ>β and γ>β, the outlet pipe portion 31 of the inverted truncated square pyramid has a conical surface whose inclination angle changes discontinuously, and the water flow that flows into the outlet pipe portion 31 becomes complicated and is prone to generating vortexes, making it easier for sand and mud to flow.

[0031] In this embodiment, the angle (α in FIG. 3(d)) between the conical surface 312 on the short side 245 side where the side panel 40 is located and the bottom surface portion 24 is the same as the angle β, but is not limited to this. At the end of the flow where the side panels are located at both ends, it is preferable that the angles (α, β) between the two short sides 244, 245 and the bottom surface portion 24 are all equal to or smaller than the angles (σ, γ) between the two long sides 242, 243 and the bottom surface portion 24.

[0032] In this embodiment, the bottom surface portion 24 and the opening 241 provided in the bottom surface portion 24 are both parallel to the road on the bridge. In this embodiment, the angle (γ, σ) between the conical surfaces 311, 313 (trapezoidal in this embodiment) on the long side and the bottom surface portion 24 is 25 degrees, and the angle (α, β) between the conical surfaces 312, 314 on the short side and the bottom surface portion 24 is 12.5 degrees, but is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the gradient of the slope extending from the waterway in the bottom surface portion through the short side 244 of the opening 241 straight down to the cylindrical portion 32 is less than the gradient of the slope extending from the long sides 242, 243 of the opening 241 on the back side and the rising side to the cylindrical portion 32, and the inclination is relatively gentle. Therefore, according to this embodiment, even if the amount of water is small, water flows on the surface of the slope, and sand and mud are less likely to accumulate on the bottom surface in front of the opening.

[0033] The end pipe section 31 is a hollow inverted cone, more specifically, an inverted truncated cone, with the lower end of the opening 241 as the bottom surface and the upper end of the tubular section 32 as a truncated surface. The end pipe section 31 is an inverted frustum-shaped pipe material fixed integrally to the opening 241 and the tubular section 32 by welding, and expands in diameter from the lower end to the upper end. The tubular section 32 is a hollow cylinder, and is a pipe that discharges wastewater to the outside.

[0034] In this embodiment, the end pipe section 31 is an inverted square pyramid shape without a top, but it may be an inverted polygonal pyramid shape without a top or an inverted cone shape without a top (including an inverted elliptical cone shape). The shape of the opening 241, i.e., the upper end of the end pipe section 31, is rectangular in this embodiment, but may be a square or other rectangle, or may be other polygonal or circular (including an elliptical) shape according to the shape of the end pipe section 31. Although a vortex is easily generated in an inverted cone shape, in this embodiment, the end pipe section 31 has multiple ridges and therefore multiple bent parts on the inside, which makes the water flow more turbulent and easily causes localized flow changes, making it more likely for a vortex to occur. Furthermore, since the inclination angle of the slope is 2 or more, the water flow can be made more complex, making it easier for a vortex to occur and less likely for sand and mud to accumulate.

[0035] In this embodiment, the cone is formed by connecting each side of the end pipe portion 31 by welding, but the cone may be formed by other methods. The opening 241 and the end pipe portion 31, and the end pipe portion 31 and the tubular portion 32 are connected by welding.

[0036] In this embodiment, the end pipe section 31 has flat conical surfaces on the outer periphery, but in the end section installed in the place where the water flow is sometimes strong, it may be a hollow inverted conical cylinder with a truncated conical surface and an arm-shaped arc surface that protrudes outward in the entire vertical direction from the bottom end of the end pipe section 31. Even if sand or mud adheres to the lower surface of the end pipe section 31, it will easily flow down due to the vortex that occurs when the water volume is large. In the place where the water flow is constantly small, it is preferable to use a hollow inverted conical cylinder with a trumpet-shaped inverted arc conical surface that has an arc surface that is concave inward in the entire vertical direction. The water flow becomes faster as it goes downward, so vortexes are easily generated, and sand and mud are gradually pushed out onto the inclined surface and washed into the cylindrical section by the vortex.

[0037] In a conventional outlet section where a circular hole is provided on the flat bottom surface and the water is discharged into a drain pipe, sand and mud that would otherwise remain on the bottom surface 24 flow into the inclined outlet pipe section 31 in this embodiment. Even a weak water current is carried by gravity into the tubular section 32.

[0038] In this embodiment, a water drain hole 14 is drilled between the receiving surface portion 13 and the front surface portion 12 of the upper cover body 10. That is, the water drain hole 14 is biased toward the front side from the center of the end portion 1, and the end pipe portion 31 is located at the center of the end portion 1. When the rain is light, the rainwater flows down the bottom portion 24 closer to the rising portion 23 and into the end portion member 30. Since the water flows obliquely from the side of the end pipe portion 31 of the end portion member 30 closer to the rising portion 23, the water swirls clockwise in the end pipe portion 31, washing the surface of the end pipe portion 31 and falling into the tubular portion 32.

[0039] When it rains heavily, rainwater flows into the bottom part 24 close to the back part 25, and a water flow flows into the end member 30. This water flow causes the water to flow obliquely from the end pipe part 31 of the end member 30 close to the back part 25, so that the water swirls counterclockwise in the end pipe part 31, washing the surface of the end pipe part 31 and falling into the tubular part 32. In this embodiment, the end pipe part 31 is provided near the center of the bottom part 24, not near the back part 25 of the bottom part 24 or near the rising part 23. On the other hand, the water flow hole 14 into which the rainwater enters is provided on the rising part 23 side, and therefore the center of the end pipe part 31 is eccentric to the path of the rainwater, so that the water enters the end pipe part 31 obliquely, which makes it easy to generate a vortex. When a certain amount of rain falls, water enters the surface of the outlet pipe portion 31 obliquely from multiple directions, making it easier for vortexes to occur.

[0040] In this embodiment, the diameter of the tubular portion 32 is larger than the length of the water flow hole 14. The water flow hole 14 is a vertically long hole (long hole), and there is a possibility that garbage, leaves, etc. within the size of the longer length (hole length) may get inside, but since the hole diameter of the tubular portion 32 is larger, the hole is less likely to be blocked by garbage, etc., and the drain is less likely to become clogged.

[0041] In this embodiment, wastewater enters from the right side of the end portion 1, is blocked by the left side plate 40, and flows into the end pipe portion 31. Rainwater that falls into the general water passage section to the left of the end portion 1 is further discharged at the end portion on the left side. The end portion is preferably installed at the same height as the general water passage section or at a lower position, and a side plate is provided on the lower side of the end portion. If wastewater is allowed to flow in from both sides of the end portion, no side plate is provided.

[0042] In the conventional end of the drainage pipe, a circular hole is provided on the flat bottom surface and drains into the drain pipe. If the hole is made larger to prevent sand and mud from accumulating, the diameter of the hole in the deck becomes larger, which takes time to construct and weakens the bridge strength. In addition, when the drainage unit is subjected to a strong impact, the hole rises above the waterway, which may cause problems such as the inability to drain water. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the end of the drainage pipe section 31 allows the sand and mud that would have stayed outside the circular hole in the conventional method to be poured up to the inclined surface of the end of the drainage pipe section 31 without the need to make the diameter of the hole in the deck larger, and the next water flow can flow it up to the tubular section 32. In addition, there is no need to sacrifice the strength of the bridge. Even if the drainage unit is subjected to a strong impact, the end of the drainage pipe section 31 acts as a flange to absorb the impact, so there is less concern that the tubular section will rise above the waterway, and problems can be avoided.

[0043] In addition, a reinforcing plate 53 is welded to the back side of the corner between the front surface 12 and the receiving surface 13 on the back side of the top cover body 10 so as not to overlap with the water flow hole 14. In addition, a rib plate 54 is provided on the back side of the front surface 12 and the top surface 11 so as to be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the drainage end portion 1. The reinforcing plate and the rib plate serve to protect the hollow drainage groove unit from being crushed even in the event that a car tire or the like is placed on the receiving surface portion 13, a car tire or a car body is hit against the front surface 12, or a car tire or a car body is run up against the top surface 11. In addition, the edge of the rib plate 54 is welded to the back side of the top surface 11 and the front surface 12, and is large enough that one side hits the back of the water flow plate 20 when the top cover body 10 is closed.

[0044] An L-shaped front receiving angle 55 is welded to the inside of the rising portion 23 of the L-shaped water flow plate 20, i.e., the back side when viewed from the front side. The front receiving angle 55 has one side on which the end of the receiving surface portion 13 is placed when the top cover body 10 is closed, and another side welded to the front end back side of the water flow plate 20. In addition, an L-shaped back receiving angle 56 is welded to the inside of the upper part of the back surface of the water flow plate 20, i.e., the front side when viewed from the front side. The back receiving angle 56 has one side on which the end of the upper surface portion 11 is placed when the top cover body 10 is closed, and another side welded to the upper front surface side of the back surface portion 25 of the water flow plate 20.

[0045] In this embodiment, the end flow part 1 is installed in advance on a bridge with a newly constructed concrete floor slab, but it may also be installed on a steel floor slab. In the newly constructed concrete floor slab, after installing the end flow part at the location where the drain pipe is to be provided, the concrete can be poured to embed it in the floor slab. Alternatively, at the location where the end flow part is to be installed, instead of using a formwork in advance, a hole for the drain pipe can be secured according to the shape of the bottom of the end flow part to create the floor slab, and then it can be installed after the floor slab is formed. In the case of a steel floor slab, holes are provided in advance in the shape of the bottom of the end flow part. When installing on an existing floor slab, since the pitch of the steel bars is fine, it is difficult to create a new space for the drain pipe. However, if there is already a space for the drain pipe, the floor slab can be cut at that part to fit the shape of the bottom of the end flow part, and only the end flow part can be replaced. Depending on the bridge, a drain opening, that is, a drainage location, may be specified. Whether the position is on the back side, front side, or central side of the end flow part will be determined after the specification, so the position of the cylindrical part is changed and created according to that position.

[0046] The inclination angle of the ridge line of the end flow pipe part can be large when the floor slab is thick, but it becomes small when the thickness of the floor slab is thin. In this embodiment, the conical surface having a long side parallel to the back surface part and the rising part has a larger inclination angle from the horizontal plane than the conical surface on the short side. When there is a one-sided slope where the right side of the end flow part is higher, as shown in Fig. 3, the position of the end flow pipe part is at one-third on one side. When the end flow part is in the valley part, since water flows from the drainage groove units on both sides, the position of the end flow pipe part is in the middle. The size of the end flow pipe part is preferably about one-third of the bottom surface. The end flow pipe part may be square, but a rectangle is more preferable. It is highly effective because a long gradient can be taken in the direction of water flow. In this embodiment, the end flow pipe part is an inverted truncated cone, and because it has a gradient from four directions, the drainage capacity is high. When the position of the drain outlet is close to the end of the end flow part and a conical surface with an inclination angle cannot be made on the side plate side, etc., the angle β on the side where the continuous drainage groove unit is not connected may have a gradient larger than the angles γ and σ.

[0047] The top cover body 10 and the running water plate 20 are connected by a chain (not shown) that is connected to a connecting plate 58 provided on the back side of the top surface portion 11 of the top cover body 10 and a connecting plate 59 of the running water plate 20. Connection plates 57 are provided on the left and right ends of the front surface side of the back surface portion 25 of the running water plate 20, and are used for bolting to connect the drainage groove units arranged side by side. The upper part of the connecting plate is provided with a notch (not shown) for clamping and holding the end of the top cover body 10 when the top cover body 10 is opened upward and lifted.

[0048] The top cover 10 is stably held by placing the top surface 11 on the rear receiving angle 56, supporting the rear edge of the rib plate 54 with the rear surface of the running water plate 20, and placing the receiving surface 13 on the front receiving angle 55. The lower part of the running water plate 20 with the top cover 10 placed on top is covered with the reinforcing angle 50.

[0049] The drainage groove unit (flow end portion 1) is installed on the deck so that the bottom portion 24 of the drainage plate 20 and the bottom surface of the reinforcing angle 50 are in contact with the deck.

[0050] The upper corner of the rib plate 54, which is on the back side of the intersection of the upper surface 11 and front surface 12 of the top cover body 10, has a scallop (not shown) because the top cover body 10 and the rib plate 54 are connected by welding.

[0051] The wastewater that flows into the outlet 1 rotates smoothly over the surface of the outlet pipe, and falls down like water going down the slope of a rotating slide without any violence, washing away the surface just like a washing machine.

[0052] {effect} According to this embodiment, as described above, the drainage function is improved because sand and mud can be washed away. In addition, the end of the bridge, which is connected to the opening of the bottom and has an end of the bridge pipe in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, not only allows water to flow easily, but also makes the water swirl, washing away the sand and mud that tend to accumulate on the bottom, making it difficult for sediment and the like to accumulate. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the accumulation of sand and mud on the bridge can be prevented without frequent cleaning and maintenance.

[0053] According to this embodiment, even if the amount of water is small, water flows over the surface of the slope in the outlet pipe, and sand and mud are less likely to accumulate on the bottom surface in front of the opening, and the sand and mud that has flowed down the slope easily flows into the cylindrical part, and sand and mud are less likely to accumulate between the opening and the back part and between the opening and the rising part, thereby improving the drainage function and the sand discharge function. With rain of about 5 to 20 mm / h, the conventional outlet cannot ensure a sufficient flow rate because the sediment contained in the drainage is also washed away, and sediment is likely to accumulate inside. If sediment accumulates, grass will eventually grow and the drainage function will deteriorate, but according to this embodiment, sediment accumulation can be prevented even with a small amount of rain (approximately 5 mm / h or less).

[0054] Since the debris that enters through the drainage hole is smaller than the cylindrical part, there is no need to worry about the cylindrical part getting clogged with debris. Also, since it is made of steel, it is highly durable. EXAMPLES

[0055] The outlet portion 1' of Example 2 is the same as that of Example 1, except that the shape of the opening 241' is circular instead of rectangular, and the shape of the outlet pipe portion is an inverted truncated cone instead of an inverted truncated square pyramid.

[0056] Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a drain groove unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 shows the plan (top), front, and right side views. Fig. 7 is an explanatory installation view (right side) of the drain groove unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a schematic explanatory view of the drain groove unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8(a) is a top view with the top cover placed, Fig. 8(b) is a front view with the top cover placed, Fig. 8(c) is a top view with the top cover removed, and Fig. 8(d) is a rear view with the top cover placed.

[0057] Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a drainage groove unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 9(a) is a view obliquely seen from above on the right side with the top cover open, and Fig. 9(b) is a view obliquely seen from below on the left side with the top cover closed.

[0058] FIG. 10 is a schematic left side view (a) and a schematic right side view (b) of the drainage groove unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] In the drainage groove unit (end portion 1') of this embodiment, the end pipe portion 31' is a funnel-shaped end portion member 30' that is a circular cone. The opening 241 is a circle close to the back portion 25 and the rising portion 23, the end pipe portion 31' is an inverted truncated cone, and the angle between the cone surface of the end pipe portion 31' and the bottom portion 24 is less than the angle between the cone surface on the short axis side and the bottom portion 24. Since the opening 241' is close to the back portion 25 and the rising portion 23, sand and mud are unlikely to accumulate between them. In this embodiment, the angle between the cone surface 311' (in this embodiment, a truncated cone circumferential surface) and the bottom portion 24 is constant at 20 degrees. In the end portion 3 of this embodiment, the gradient of the slope that extends from the waterway of the bottom portion 24 through the opening 241 straight down to the cylindrical portion 32 is gentle. When the end pipe section 31' is elliptical, the direction parallel to the back surface and rising portion is the long axis direction. For example, the angle between the conical surface and the bottom surface section 24 on the long axis side (the back surface and rising portion side in this application) is 20 degrees, and the angle between the conical surface and the bottom surface section 24 on the short axis side (the side plate side and the flow path side) is 10 degrees, so the conical surface may have a curved surface with a continuously changing angle. The end pipe section 31' of an inverted truncated cone has a conical surface with a continuously changing inclination angle, and the water flow that flows into the end pipe section 31' becomes complicated and easily generates vortexes, which makes it easier for sand and mud to flow.

[0060] The end pipe section 31' is a hollow inverted cone, more specifically, an inverted truncated cone, with the lower end of the opening 241 as the bottom surface and the upper end of the tubular section 32 as a truncated surface. The end pipe section 31' is an inverted frustum-shaped pipe material that is fixed integrally to the opening 241 and the tubular section 32 by welding, and the diameter of the end pipe section 31' increases from the lower end to the upper end.

[0061] In this embodiment, the end pipe portion 31' is an inverted cone shape without a top, but it may be an inverted elliptical cone shape with the long axis parallel to the back surface portion. The shape of the opening 241, i.e., the upper end of the end pipe portion 31', is a perfect circle in this embodiment, but it may be an ellipse.

[0062] In this embodiment, the cone is formed by bending the cone surface curve of the end pipe portion 31', but the cone may be formed by other methods.

[0063] In this embodiment, the outer circumferential cone surface of the end pipe section 31' is a flat plate, but it may be a hollow inverted conical cylinder with a truncated conical surface and an arm-shaped arc surface that protrudes outward over the entire vertical direction. Since vortexes are likely to occur even with a small amount of water, it is preferable for the end pipe section 31' to be a hollow inverted conical cylinder with a trumpet-shaped inverted arc conical surface that has an arc surface that is concave inward over the entire vertical direction.

[0064] According to this embodiment, the bottom surface portion and the outlet member not only allow water to flow easily, but also cause the water flow to swirl, washing away sand and mud that tend to accumulate on the bottom surface as it is drained, making it difficult for soil and sand to accumulate. Therefore, according to this embodiment, accumulation of sand and mud can be prevented on the bridge without frequent cleaning and maintenance.

[0065] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, even if the amount of water is small, water flows over the surface of the slope within the outlet pipe, and sand and mud are less likely to accumulate on the bottom surface in front of the opening. In addition, sand and mud that has flowed onto the slope is more likely to flow into the cylindrical section, and sand and mud are less likely to accumulate between the opening and the back section, and between the opening and the raised section, thereby further improving the drainage function and sand discharge function.

[0066] (Modification of the first embodiment) Fig. 11 is an explanatory diagram (right side) of the installation of a modified example of the drainage groove unit of the present invention, Example 1. At the drain outlet portion 1'' of the drainage groove unit of the modified example of Example 1, partition plates 21, 22 are provided on the upper surface side of the bottom portion 24 in parallel with the drainage flow path. Other points are the same as those of Example 1 described above.

[0067] FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram (front side) of the installation of a modified example of the first embodiment of the drainage groove unit of the present invention. In FIG. 12, the internal structure is partially shown in a see-through manner. The partition plates 21 and 22 are long steel plates installed in the water flow channel, and are not provided at the end pipe portion 31 and the tubular portion 32. The partition plate 21 is located below the water flow hole 14, and the partition plate 22 is located on the rear side of the partition plate 21. Since the amount and speed of water flowing through the three divided flow channels are not necessarily the same, turbulence is likely to occur on the conical surface of the end pipe portion 31. According to this embodiment, in addition to achieving the effects of the first embodiment, the water flow is divided into two or more and flows into the end pipe portion, making it easier to generate vortexes.

[0068] (Modification of the second embodiment)

[0069] Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram (right side) of the installation of a modified example of the drainage groove unit of the present invention, Example 2. At the drain outlet portion 1''' of the drainage groove unit of the modified example of Example 2, partition plates 21, 22 are provided on the upper surface side of the bottom portion 24 in parallel with the drainage flow path. Other points are the same as those of Example 2 described above.

[0070] Fig. 14 is an explanatory diagram (front side) of installation of a modified example of the second embodiment of the drainage groove unit of the present invention. Fig. 14 shows the internal structure partially in a see-through manner. Turbulence is likely to occur on the conical surface of the end pipe section 31'. This embodiment achieves the effects of the second embodiment, and also makes it easier to generate vortexes since the water flow is divided into two or more parts and flows into the end pipe section.

[0071] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and variations are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, the components of the above-described embodiments can be combined in any manner without departing from the spirit of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0072] 1, 1', 1'', 1''' End of drain (drain unit) 10 Upper lid body 11 Top part 12 Front part 13 Receptacle part 14 Water hole 20. Running Water Plate 21, 22 Partition plate 23 Rising part 24 Bottom part 241, 241' opening 242 First Long Side 243 Second long side 244, 245 short side 25 Back section 30, 30' End of flow member 31, 31' Flow end pipe section 311, 311', 312, 313, 314 conical surface 32 Cylindrical section 40 Side Panel 50 Reinforcement angle 51 Anchor Pipe 52 Anchor bar 53 Reinforcement plate 54 Rib Plate 55 Front receiving angle 56 Rear receiving angle 57 Connection plate 58, 59 Connecting plate K-Anchor Reinforcement Bar

Claims

1. A steel drainage ditch unit for draining the bridge deck, (a) a bottom surface portion through which wastewater flows, a rising portion rising from an end of the bottom surface portion to become a front wall, and a back surface portion rising from an end of the bottom surface portion opposite the rising portion, and a water flow plate having an opening in the bottom surface portion; (b) a top cover body that is detachably provided as a cover on the water flow plate and has a water flow hole; (c) a flow-out member including a cylindrical portion provided below the opening and a flow-out pipe portion having an inverted truncated cone shape connecting the lower end of the opening and the upper end of the cylindrical portion; The opening is a rectangle having a first long side adjacent to the rear portion, a second long side adjacent to the rising portion, and two short sides connecting the first long side and the second long side, The flow end pipe portion is an inverted truncated pyramid, A drainage groove unit, characterized in that one of the angles formed by the conical surface on the short side and the bottom surface is smaller than the angle formed by the conical surface on the long side and the bottom surface.

2. A steel drainage ditch unit for draining the bridge deck, (a) a bottom surface portion through which wastewater flows, a rising portion rising from an end of the bottom surface portion to become a front wall, and a back surface portion rising from an end of the bottom surface portion opposite the rising portion, and a water flow plate having an opening in the bottom surface portion; (b) a top cover body that is detachably provided as a cover on the water flow plate and has a water flow hole; (c) a flow-out member including a cylindrical portion provided below the opening and a flow-out pipe portion having an inverted truncated cone shape connecting the lower end of the opening and the upper end of the cylindrical portion; The opening is a circle adjacent to the back portion and the raised portion, The flow end pipe portion is an inverted truncated cone, A drainage groove unit, characterized in that one of the angles formed between the cone surface in a direction parallel to the flow path and the bottom surface is smaller than the angle formed between the cone surface in a direction perpendicular to the flow path and the bottom surface.

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