Soil retention structure

Abstract

To provide an earth retaining structure capable of suppressing deformation when the earth retaining structure is formed of a one-stage earth retaining unit formed by connecting multiple earth retaining members in a circumferential direction.SOLUTION: An earth retaining structure comprises: an earth retaining unit formed by combining earth retaining members; and stiffening members fitted to the earth retaining unit. Each of the earth retaining members comprises: a body in which a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to a first direction being a circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit is processed into a corrugated shape; and vertical flange parts provided at both ends in the first direction of the body and having first connection holes. The body comprises two lateral flange parts projectingly formed at both ends in a width direction of the body orthogonal to the first direction toward the inside of the earth retaining unit, having faces perpendicular to the width direction, and formed with second connection holes. The stiffening member is jointed to at least one of the lateral flange parts. In axial direction connection parts jointed to at least one of the lateral flange parts and formed by connecting the vertical flange parts of at least two earth retaining members adjacently arranged in the first direction, the stiffening members are connected over the lateral flange parts of the two earth retaining members at a lower part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an earth retaining structure constructed on the ground, and particularly to an earth retaining structure composed of a plurality of earth retaining members and supplementary rigid members.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, civil engineering structures such as shafts for constructing the foundation of a structure, sump wells constructed underground, and retaining walls on slopes are constructed by connecting earth retaining members such as earth retaining members to form a wall in an annular or horseshoe (U-shaped) shape. It is composed of an earth retaining structure.

[0003] Such an earth retaining structure has the advantage that the earth retaining members are each lightweight, and even at a site where large heavy machinery cannot be used, such as in mountainous areas, manual construction is easy. For example, when constructing a shaft, workers can enter the shaft and connect the earth retaining members.

[0004] The earth retaining structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured by combining a plurality of earth retaining members to form an annular body, and connecting a plurality of the annular bodies in the central axis direction of the annular body. And by arranging the plurality of earth retaining members in a staggered manner, the strength of the entire earth retaining structure is ensured (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] However, a retaining structure using a retaining member such as a liner plate may be used when forming a small-scale foundation, a handhole or a manhole provided in a railway, because of the ease of handling of the retaining member. In this case, the retaining structure is formed from a single-stage annular body formed by connecting a plurality of retaining members. A retaining structure having a structure formed by connecting a plurality of retaining members only in the circumferential direction is a structure in which the retaining members are simply connected by a connecting member such as a bolt. When receiving a load from the outside due to earth pressure or the like, there is a problem that deformation occurs from the vertical flange portions at the ends of the respective retaining members because there are no members for supporting the load above and below the annular body.

[0007] Further, when the retaining structure is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed in plan of the ground where the retaining structure is provided, since the connecting portions between the retaining members are arranged at the corners of the rectangle, there is a problem that the strength of the corners is low.

[0008] The present invention solves the above problems, and provides a retaining structure capable of suppressing deformation when the retaining structure is formed from a single-stage retaining unit formed by connecting a plurality of retaining members in the circumferential direction.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0009] The earth retaining structure according to the present invention includes an earth retaining unit formed by combining earth retaining members, and a supplementary rigid member attached to the earth retaining unit. Each of the earth retaining members includes a main body having a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to a first direction, which is the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit, processed into a corrugated shape, and vertical flange portions provided at both ends of the main body in the first direction and having first connection holes. The main body is formed to protrude toward the inside of the earth retaining unit at both ends in the width direction of the main body perpendicular to the first direction, has a surface perpendicular to the width direction, and includes two lateral flange portions formed with second connection holes. The supplementary rigid member is joined to at least one of the lateral flange portions, and an axial connection portion formed by connecting the vertical flange portions of at least two of the earth retaining members arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction is such that the supplementary rigid member is connected across the lateral flange portions of the two earth retaining members below and and a plurality of the reinforcing members are arranged at intervals in the first direction is present.

[0010] Further, the earth retaining structure according to the present invention includes an earth retaining unit formed by combining corner members, and a supplementary rigid member attached to the earth retaining unit. The earth retaining unit is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed from the central axis direction of the earth retaining unit. The corner member includes an angle member having two flat plate portions arranged at the corners of the rectangular earth retaining unit and connected so that the surfaces intersect, a main body having a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to a first direction processed into a corrugated shape, and one end surface of the main body in the first direction joined to the angle member, and a vertical flange portion provided at the other end surface of the main body in the first direction. The main body of the corner member is formed to protrude toward the inside of the earth retaining unit at both ends in the width direction of the main body perpendicular to the first direction, has a surface perpendicular to the width direction, and includes two lateral flange portions formed with second connection holes. Below an axial connection portion formed by connecting the vertical flange portions of the adjacent corner members in the first direction, the supplementary rigid member is connected across the lateral flange portions of the two corner members and and a plurality of the reinforcing members are arranged at intervals in the first direction is present.

[0011] In addition, the earth retaining structure according to the present invention includes an earth retaining unit formed by combining an earth retaining member and a corner member, and a corner reinforcing member disposed on at least one of the lower and upper sides of the corner member and connected to two of the earth retaining members connected to the corner member. The earth retaining member includes a main body having a corrugated cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction to which the earth retaining member is connected, and flat longitudinal flange portions provided at both ends of the main body in the first direction and having first connection holes. The main body includes two lateral flange portions formed at both ends in the width direction perpendicular to the first direction, having a surface perpendicular to the width direction, and having second connection holes. The corner member is an angle member having an L-shaped cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the width direction, and the longitudinal flange portions of the earth retaining member are connected to two flat plate portions of the angle member. The corner reinforcing member is connected across two of the earth retaining members connected to the corner member and a plurality are arranged at intervals in the first direction and is present.

Effects of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, the earth retaining structure has a reinforcing member or a corner reinforcing member at at least one end in the central axis direction of the earth retaining unit, and the reinforcing member and the corner reinforcing member are connected across two earth retaining members. Therefore, the connection portion between the earth retaining members is supported by the reinforcing member or the corner reinforcing member, and the strength of the connection portion of a plurality of earth retaining members can be ensured even in an earth retaining structure composed of a single row of earth retaining units.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013]

Figure 1

Figure 2

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Figure 16

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0014] Hereinafter, the earth retaining structure 100 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings and the like. In the following drawings including FIG. 1, the relative dimensional relationships and shapes of the respective constituent members may be different from the actual ones. Further, in the following drawings, those denoted by the same reference numerals are the same or corresponding ones, and this shall be common throughout the entire specification. In addition, in order to facilitate understanding, terms indicating directions (for example, up, down, left, right, front, rear, front and back, etc.) are appropriately used, but their notations are for the convenience of explanation and do not limit the arrangement, direction, and orientation of the device, instrument, or parts, etc.

[0015] Embodiment 1. [Earth retaining structure 100] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. The earth retaining structure 100 is a civil engineering structure such as a shaft for constructing the foundation of a structure, and is constructed inside a vertical hole formed by excavating the ground 92. The earth retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 is, as an example, a structure for forming a relatively small-scale foundation on the ground 92, and is composed of a single-stage earth retaining unit 50 formed by connecting a plurality of earth retaining members 10 to each other in a rectangular shape by corner members 30 in plan view. In the following description, the outside of the earth retaining structure 100 is referred to as the ground 92, and the inside is referred to as the space portion 93. In Embodiment 1, the earth retaining structure 100 is rectangular when viewed from the perspective of the direction perpendicular to the ground 92, that is, the z direction, but is not limited to a rectangle. The earth retaining structure 100 may be formed, for example, in a circular, oval, elliptical, rectangular, or oval-shaped ring in plan view. Further, the earth retaining structure 100 can also be formed in a semi-annular shape such as a horseshoe shape or a U shape in plan view. When the earth retaining unit 50 is a semi-annular body, the central axis C of the earth retaining unit 50 is an axis that passes through the center of gravity of the earth retaining unit 50 when viewed in plan view and extends in a direction perpendicular to the ground 92 on which the earth retaining unit 50 is installed. The x and y directions shown in the figure are directions along the surface of the ground 92 on which the earth retaining structure 100 is installed, and the z direction is the depth direction of the shaft.

[0016] The earth retaining unit 50 is installed along the excavation wall surface 95 of a shaft (see Fig. 3) formed by excavating the ground 92 into a substantially rectangular shape when installing a relatively small foundation such as a foundation supporting a railway platform. In this case, for a small foundation, the depth of the shaft is relatively shallow, and the earth retaining members 10 can be arranged in only one row in the z direction. Therefore, the earth retaining unit 50 is formed by connecting a plurality of earth retaining members 10 in the circumferential direction using connecting members 40 such as bolts and nuts. Further, since each side of the rectangle of the earth retaining structure 100 in Fig. 1 is short, one earth retaining member 10 is arranged on each side, and these plurality of earth retaining members 10 are connected by corner members 30. Note that the earth retaining unit 50 is not limited to having one earth retaining member 10 arranged on each side, and may have two or more earth retaining members 10 on each side. Further, the earth retaining unit 50 may have a configuration in which no earth retaining member 10 is arranged on some sides, or may be configured by connecting only the corner members 30.

[0017] The corner member 30 is configured such that the earth retaining members 10 are connected to both ends thereof, and connects two earth retaining members 10 arranged in intersecting directions. Note that other corner members 30 can also be directly connected to both ends of the corner member 30. Here, in the earth retaining unit 50 which is an annular body, the direction in which a plurality of earth retaining members 10 are connected is referred to as the first direction. The first direction is the circumferential direction around the central axis of the earth retaining unit 50, and in the case of the earth retaining unit 50 in Fig. 1, it is the direction along each side of the rectangle. Further, in Fig. 4, the first direction is the direction along x(y), and in Figs. 5 and 6, it is the direction along the x(y) axis and the y(x) axis. That is, the direction perpendicular to the surface of the vertical flange portion 19 joined to the ends of the earth retaining member 10 and the corner member 30 is the first direction.

[0018] The soil retaining unit 50 has an axial connection portion 11 where the soil retaining member 10 and the corner member 30 are connected, and a supplementary stiffening member 20 is arranged below (on the z-direction side) the axial connection portion 11. The supplementary stiffening member 20 and the soil retaining member 10 or the corner member 30 are connected at a connection portion 12 using a connecting member 40 such as a bolt and a nut. Each of the axial connection portions 11 of the soil retaining unit 50 is reinforced by the supplementary stiffening member 20. The supplementary stiffening member 20 is connected to one soil retaining member 10 or one corner member 30 at a plurality of locations. With such a configuration, when the soil retaining member 10 or the corner member 30 receives a load from the ground 92, the supplementary stiffening member 20 can receive the load. The supplementary stiffening member 20 is connected to the soil retaining member 10 at two or more locations, for example, so that it does not rotate relative to the soil retaining member 10, and thus the load received by the soil retaining member 10 can be transmitted to the adjacent corner member 30 via the supplementary stiffening member 20.

[0019] [Soil retaining member 10] FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are cross-sectional views of the soil retaining member 10 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a cross-section perpendicular to the first direction which is the circumferential direction of the soil retaining unit 50, and show an example of a cross-section (xz cross-section or yz cross-section) along the central axis of the soil retaining unit 50 of the soil retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. 1. The main body 14 of the soil retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 2 has a sine curve-shaped waveform in a cross-section perpendicular to the first direction. Also, the main body 14 of the soil retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 3 has a rectangular wave shape with rounded corners in the cross-section, and planes parallel to each other are formed on the outer and inner sides of the soil retaining structure 100. The soil retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 is composed of, as an example, the soil retaining member 10 and the corner member 30 having the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14 shown in FIG. 3, but the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14 can be changed to other wave shapes.

[0020] The earth retaining members 10 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 have different cross-sectional shapes and different corrugations of the main body 14, but horizontal flange portions 13 are formed at both ends in the z direction, and the structure is such that the auxiliary stiffening member 20 can be connected in the z direction. The horizontal flange portion 13 is formed with a connection hole 13a to which a connecting member 40 is applied. A plurality of connection holes 13a are formed in the horizontal flange portion 13 and are arranged at equal intervals in the first direction. Further, a corrugated portion is formed between the two horizontal flange portions 13. In some cases, the connection hole 13a penetrating in the z direction provided in the horizontal flange portion 13 may be referred to as a second connection hole 13a.

[0021] The main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a sine curve-shaped corrugation and can resist the load due to the earth pressure from the ground 92. Due to the corrugation, the main body 14 has higher strength and rigidity against the load applied in the thickness direction of the earth retaining member 10 than when it is formed in a simple flat plate-shaped cross-sectional shape.

[0022] The main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 3, which is formed in a trapezoidal wave shape, includes, in the cross-section of FIG. 3, a convex portion 16 protruding inside the earth retaining unit 50 and outer wall portions 17 and 18 protruding outside the earth retaining unit 50. The outer wall portion 18 connecting the convex portion 16 and the horizontal flange portion 13 is referred to as a first outer wall portion 18, and the outer wall portion 17 connecting two adjacent convex portions 16 is referred to as a second outer wall portion 17. In the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 according to the first embodiment, a plurality of convex portions 16 are provided, but one convex portion may be provided. For example, in FIG. 3, two convex portions 16 are provided, but only one may be arranged at the central portion in the z direction.

[0023] The convex portion 16 includes an inner wall portion 16a having a surface orthogonal to the surface of the horizontal flange portion 13 in cross section. The inner wall portion 16a, the outer wall portions 17 and 18 are formed substantially in parallel. The inner wall portion 16a is connected to the outer wall portions 17 and 18 by a web portion 15. The web portion 15 has a surface extending in the y(x) direction in the cross section of FIG. 3 and is slightly inclined with respect to the y(x) direction. The inclination direction of the web portion 15 is such that when the main body 14 is viewed from the central axis C of the earth retaining unit 50, the open end of the wave-shaped valley portion is wide and the bottom of the valley is narrow. With such a configuration, when the main body 14 performs plastic processing for corrugation, it is easy to release the mold and the manufacturing becomes easy.

[0024] Further, the web portion 15 is formed at an angle close to parallel to the y(x) axis in FIG. 3, so that the widths of the inner wall portion 16a, the outer wall portions 17 and 18 become wider. As a result, the earth retaining member 10 has higher rigidity when a bending moment is loaded in the thickness direction. For example, the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 3 has higher rigidity against the load applied in the y(x) direction with a larger dimension in the y(x) direction than the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 2. When the earth retaining member 10 of the earth retaining structure 100 in FIG. 1 receives a load in the plane direction of the main body 14, that is, in the y(x) direction, a bending moment is loaded on the earth retaining member 10 in the y(x) direction. At this time, the section modulus about the neutral axis N of bending of the earth retaining member 10 becomes larger when the widths of the inner wall portion 16a, the outer wall portions 17 and 18 far from the neutral axis N are wider. Therefore, when the web portion 15 is configured at an angle close to parallel to the y(x) axis, the width dimensions in the z direction of the inner wall portion 16a, the outer wall portions 17 and 18 become wider, and the earth retaining member 10 has higher strength and rigidity against the bending load in the y(x) direction. Specifically, the web portion 15 is set to be 0° or more and 20° or less, more preferably 0° or more and 3° or less, with respect to the direction perpendicular to the inner wall portion 16a or the outer wall portions 17 and 18.

[0025] Note that the inner wall portion 16a, the outer wall portions 17 and 18 in FIG. 3 are formed with the same plate thickness as the web portion 15, but the plate thickness may be made thicker than that of the web portion 15. With this configuration, the cross-sectional areas of the inner wall portion 16a, the outer wall portions 17 and 18, which are far from the neutral axis N, become larger, and the earth retaining member 10 can further increase the section modulus.

[0026] Both ends of the earth retaining member 10 in the z direction shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are formed with horizontal flange portions 13. The horizontal flange portions 13 are formed perpendicular to the z direction, and connection holes 13a are provided in the flat portions. The horizontal flange portions 13 are parallel to the xy direction and have a surface to which a connecting member 40 can be attached. In particular, the tip portion 13b of the horizontal flange portion 13 has a flat surface such that the holding portion 43 of a clip-shaped connecting fitting (see FIGS. 14 and 15) of the connecting member 40 can be fitted.

[0027] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the earth retaining member 10 in FIG. 3. The earth retaining member 10 includes vertical flange portions 19 at both ends in the first direction, which is the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit 50. The vertical flange portions 19 are plate-like members and are joined to the end surfaces of the main body 14 in the first direction by welding. The length of the vertical flange portions 19 in the z direction is substantially the same as the width direction of the main body 14, that is, the length in the z direction. The vertical flange portions 19 are provided with connection holes 19a penetrating the plate surface. In some cases, the connection holes 19a provided to penetrate the vertical flange portions 19 in the first direction may be referred to as first connection holes 19a. As shown in FIG. 1, the connection holes 19a are holes for passing a connecting member 40 such as a bolt and a nut when connecting the earth retaining member 10 to another earth retaining member 10 or a corner member 30 in the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit 50.

[0028] The connection holes 19a are installed corresponding to the wave shape of the main body 14. Specifically, they are arranged side by side in the y(x) direction of the outer wall portions 17 and 18 of the main body 14 respectively. Also, the connection holes 19a are arranged inside the earth retaining unit 50 rather than the outer wall portions 17 and 18. With this configuration, an operator can perform the connection work of the earth retaining member 10 from the inside of the shaft where the earth retaining structure 100 is installed.

[0029] Note that the structure of the vertical flange portion 19 is the same even if the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14 is the sine curve shape shown in FIG. 2. That is, for the earth retaining member 10 having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 2, the connecting holes 19a are arranged at positions corresponding to the outer side wall portions 17b and 18 which are the valley portions when the earth retaining member 10 is viewed from the inside of the earth retaining unit 50. In the case of the earth retaining member 10 having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 2, four connecting holes 19a are arranged in the vertical flange portion 19. Further, for the earth retaining member 10 having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 3, three connecting holes 19a are arranged in the vertical flange portion 19.

[0030] [Corner member 30] FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective views of the corner member 30 of the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. The corner member 30 includes an L-shaped angle member 31 when viewed from the z direction, a main body 14 having the same structure as the main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10, and a vertical flange portion 19 joined to the end surface of the main body 14 in the first direction (circumferential direction). The corner member 30 has the earth retaining member 10 connected to the vertical flange portion 19 and forms the corner of the earth retaining structure 100. In Embodiment 1, the corner member 30 connects two earth retaining members 10 so as to be orthogonal, but may be connected at an angle other than a right angle.

[0031] The main body 14 of the corner member 30 has the same shape as the main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 except for the length in the first direction, and may be formed in a sine curve shape as shown in FIG. 2. The length of the main body 14 can be changed as appropriate.

[0032] The angle member 31 is formed in an L shape when viewed from the z direction and has a shape in which flat plate portions 33 are orthogonally connected. The flat plate portion 33 is plate-shaped and its longitudinal direction extends in the z direction. One end surface of the main body 14 is joined to the flat plate portion 33 by welding or the like. The tip portions 35 of the two flat plate portions 33 of the angle member 31 are joined with a reinforcing member 32. The reinforcing member 32 is a plate-shaped member, and as shown in FIG. 6, its longitudinal direction extends in the z direction. The reinforcing member 32 is a member that suppresses the deformation of the tip portions 35 of the flat plate portions 33 in the direction in which they open by being arranged so as to connect the tip portions 35 of the angle member 31.

[0033] FIG. 7 is an arrangement diagram of the welded portion 36 of the reinforcing member 32 of the corner member 30 according to the first embodiment. The reinforcing member 32 is welded to the tip portions 35 of the two flat plate portions 33. The welded portion 36 of the reinforcing member 32 according to the first embodiment may be welded over the entire length in the z direction, may be provided only in a partial region in the z direction, or may be provided at a plurality of locations in the z direction. The welded portion 36 may include a plurality of welded portions 36a, 36b, and 36c as shown in FIG. 7. By arranging the welded portion 36 of the reinforcing member 32 in a plurality of divided parts, the manufacturing cost due to welding can be reduced, and the deformation due to welding can be suppressed. Further, the load received by the main body 14 joined to the flat plate portion 33 of the angle member 31 is transmitted, and the two flat plate portions 33 are deformed so as to open. The welded portion 36 of the reinforcing member 32 may be provided at a location where the tip portions 35 of the two flat plate portions 33 are pulled and deformed so as to open. When the main body 14 receives a load from the ground 92, since the outer wall portions 17 and 18 of the main body 14 are joined to the tip portions 35 of the flat plate portion 33 of the angle member 31, the tip portions 35 of the angle member 31 are pulled and the two tip portions 35 are deformed so as to open. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the welded portion 36 is arranged at a position in the z direction corresponding to the outer wall portions 17 and 18 of the main body 14. Specifically, the welded portions 36a and 36c are arranged such that at least a part thereof is parallel to the outer wall portion 18 in the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit 50, that is, in the first direction. Further, the welded portion 36c is arranged such that at least a part thereof is parallel to the outer wall portion 17 in the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit 50 which is an annular body, that is, in the first direction.

[0034] In other words, the welding part 36a is positioned so as to at least partially overlap with the region a1 shown in FIG. 3 in the z direction. Desirably, the welding part 36a is preferably positioned so as to overlap with the region aa1 in FIG. 3. Further, the welding part 36b is positioned so as to at least partially overlap with the region a2 shown in FIG. 3 in the z direction. Desirably, the welding part 36b is preferably positioned so as to overlap with the region aa2 in FIG. 3. The welding part 36c is positioned so as to at least partially overlap with the region a3 shown in FIG. 3 in the z direction. Desirably, the welding part 36c is preferably positioned so as to overlap with the region aa3 in FIG. 3.

[0035] The welding part 36a can also be arranged to entirely include the region a1 shown in FIG. 3, but as long as it is arranged to at least partially overlap with the region a1, the load from the outer wall part 18 can be transmitted to the reinforcing member 32 through the welding part 36a. The welding part 36b and the region a2, and the welding part 36c and the region a3 are also arranged in the same relationship as that between the welding part 36a and the region a1. Note that the welding part 36 may overlap with the region b, but the reinforcing member 32 corresponding to the region b does not necessarily need to be welded.

[0036] [Reinforcing member 20] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the reinforcing member 20 according to Embodiment 1. In Embodiment 1, the reinforcing member 20 is a channel steel, so-called channel member, having a C-shaped cross section that is long in the first direction. The reinforcing member 20 includes flanges 21 arranged at both ends in the z direction and a web 22 connecting the two flanges 21. The flanges 21 are provided with connection holes 23 for passing the connecting member 40, and are provided so as to correspond to the connection holes 13a provided in the horizontal flange parts 13 of the main body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 and the corner member 30.

[0037] The reinforcing member 20 is arranged with the open side of the C-shaped cross section facing the inside of the earth retaining unit 50. Thereby, an operator attaching the reinforcing member 20 to the earth retaining unit 50 can attach the connecting member 40 from the inside of the earth retaining unit 50, and the rigidity of the reinforcing member 20 itself is also increased.

[0038] Note that the stiffening member 20 is not limited to only channel steel. The stiffening member 20 may be, for example, an angle steel (angle member) with an L-shaped cross-section, or it may be a flat plate. The stiffening member 20 has a section modulus that can suppress the deformation of the earth retaining member 10 or the corner member 30 from the axial connection portion 11 to the inside of the earth retaining unit 50.

[0039] The stiffening member 20 is connected across adjacent earth retaining members 10 or between the earth retaining member 10 and the corner member 30. The stiffening member 20 is fixed at two or more locations to one earth retaining member 10 or corner member 30. With such a configuration, it is possible to suppress the rotational displacement of the stiffening member 20 around the z-axis with respect to the earth retaining member 10 or the corner member 30, and also to suppress the disengagement of the connecting member 40.

[0040] In the earth retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment, the stiffening member 20 is installed only on the lower side of the earth retaining unit 50, but it can also be installed on the upper surface. By arranging the stiffening member 20 above and below the earth retaining unit 50, the strength of the earth retaining structure 100 is further improved.

[0041] [Modification Example] FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a modification example of the earth retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment. The earth retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 has one earth retaining member 10 on each side of the rectangular earth retaining unit 50, while the earth retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. 9 shows an example in which two earth retaining members 10 are arranged on each side of the earth retaining unit 50. The earth retaining members 10 are connected to a plurality of earth retaining members 10, and the stiffening member 20 is arranged below the axial connection portion 11 thereof. The axial connection portion 11 between the earth retaining members 10 is also reinforced by the stiffening member 20 in the same manner as the axial connection portion 11 between the earth retaining member 10 and the corner member 30 described above.

[0042] FIG. 10 is a modification of the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. The reinforcing member 20 according to Embodiment 1 can also be applied to the annular earth retaining structure 100a. In the case of the annular earth retaining structure 100a, the reinforcing member 20 has an arc shape that conforms to the arc shape of the earth retaining member 10. Also, the connecting holes 23 for installing the connecting member 40 are provided at positions corresponding to the connecting holes 13a of the horizontal flange portion 13 of the earth retaining member 10.

[0043] FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a modification of the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. The earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1 may be configured by combining four corner members 30. In this case, the reinforcing member 20 is connected across the horizontal flange portions 13 of the main bodies 14 of two adjacent corner members 30. By being configured in this way, the axial connecting portions 11 between the corner members 30 can also be reinforced, and the strength of the earth retaining structure 100 is improved. It should be noted that the earth retaining member 10 can also be added to two opposite sides out of the four sides of the earth retaining structure 100 shown in FIG. 16. The earth retaining structure 100 can be configured with only the corner members 30, or in a form that combines the earth retaining member 10 and the corner members 30, and since the axial connecting portion 11 can be reinforced with the reinforcing member 20, the structure can be appropriately changed according to the installation environment.

[0044] Embodiment 2. The earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 will be described. The earth retaining structure 200 is obtained by changing the configuration of the corner member 30 that constitutes the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1 and applying the corner reinforcing member 60. For components having the same functions and operations as those in Embodiment 1, the same reference numerals are given and their descriptions are omitted.

[0045] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. The earth retaining structure 200 is configured in a rectangle, with the earth retaining member 10 arranged one on each side, and they are connected by the corner member 230. Below the corner member 230, the corner reinforcing member 60 is arranged and is connected across two earth retaining members 10 connected to the corner member 230.

[0046] [Corner member 230] The corner member 230 according to Embodiment 2 includes an L-shaped angle member 231 when viewed from the z direction. The angle member 231 is configured in a shape connecting two flat plate portions 233, and the two flat plate portions 233 are arranged in a positional relationship where they are orthogonal to each other. The longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion 233 extends in the z direction. A connecting hole 239 is provided in the flat plate portion 233, and it is configured to be able to connect the vertical flange portion 19 of the earth retaining member 10.

[0047] The corner member 230 includes a reinforcing member 232 disposed between the two flat plate portions 233 of the angle member 231 and joined by welding. The reinforcing member 232 is shaped to fit inside the L shape according to the cross-sectional shape of the angle member 231, and is a plate-like body with its surface facing perpendicular to the z direction. The reinforcing member 232 has, for example, a triangular shape or a substantially triangular shape in plan view. The reinforcing member 232 may be joined at a location where the tip portions 235 of the two flat plate portions 233 are deformed to be pulled and opened. The reinforcing member 232 resists loads in the directions in which the two flat plate portions 233 of the angle member 231 spread and narrow, and reinforces the angle member 231. In FIG. 11, the reinforcing member 232 is disposed between the connecting holes 239 and provided at two locations, but the installation location can be appropriately changed according to the required strength.

[0048] FIG. 12 is a front view of a modified example of the corner member 230 of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. By providing the reinforcing member 232 at positions corresponding to the outer wall portions 17 and 18 of the main body 14, the force transmitted from the outer wall portions 17 and 18 can be supported, and the strength of the angle member 231 can be efficiently improved.

[0049] The reinforcing member 232 is preferably arranged corresponding to any one of the ranges of regions a1, a2, and a3 shown in FIG. 3, and desirably, it is arranged within the ranges of regions aa1, aa2, and aa3.

[0050] [Corner reinforcement member 60] FIG. 13 is a bottom view of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. The corner reinforcing member 60 according to Embodiment 2 is disposed below the corner member 230 and fixed so as to straddle the two earth retaining members 10 connected to the corner member 230. The corner reinforcing member 60 is fixed at a plurality of locations to the horizontal flange portion 13 of the main body 14. In Embodiment 2, the corner reinforcing member 60 is formed in an L shape along the corner of the earth retaining unit 50, but other forms such as a trapezoidal plate (a plate having the two-dot chain line P in FIG. 13 as its outer shape) may also be used.

[0051] In the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2, since the corner member 230 is constituted by the angle member 231 and the earth retaining member 10 and the corner member 230 are connected by the connecting member 40, welding and processing can be reduced during the manufacture of each member. Therefore, the earth retaining structure 200 can ensure sufficient strength by the corner reinforcing member 60 and the reinforcing member 20 while reducing the processing amount of each member.

[0052] In the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2, one earth retaining member 10 is arranged on each side, but two or more earth retaining members 10 on each side may be used. When a plurality of earth retaining members 10 are arranged on each side, the reinforcing member 20 described in Embodiment 1 is installed at the axial connecting portion 11 of the adjacent earth retaining members 10.

[0053] In the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2, the corner reinforcing member 60 is arranged only on the bottom surface of the earth retaining unit 50, but it may also be installed on the upper surface. By arranging the corner reinforcing member 60 on the upper and lower surfaces, the strength of the earth retaining structure 200 is further improved.

[0054] [Modification Example of Connecting Member 40] Figs. 14 and 15 are perspective views of a modified example of the connecting member 40 attached to the earth retaining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. The connecting member 40 shown in Embodiments 1 and 2 may be replaced with the clip-shaped connecting member 40 shown in Figs. 14 and 15. The connecting member 40 is a metal fitting formed by bending a sheet metal, and is one of the connecting members 40 for connecting the earth retaining members 10. The connecting member 40 includes a connecting metal fitting body 42 having a convex portion 46 formed by embossing, an insertion portion 45 formed by bending one end portion of the connecting metal fitting body 42, and a clamping portion 43 bent from the other end portion of the connecting metal fitting body 42 in the same direction as the insertion portion 45.

[0055] In the connecting member 40, the insertion portion 45 is inserted into a connecting hole 13a formed in the horizontal flange portion 13 of the earth retaining member 10, and the two earth retaining members 10 are connected by the contact portion 43b of the clamping portion 43 and the connecting metal fitting body 42 clamping the tip portion 13b of the horizontal flange portion 13. Note that the tip portion 43a of the clamping portion 43 is bent in a direction away from the connecting metal fitting body 42 for easy assembly. Since the connecting member 40 can be fitted into the horizontal flange portion 13 to connect the earth retaining members 10, the efficiency of the connecting operation is improved as compared with the connection using bolts and nuts.

[0056] The edge 42c of the clamping side end portion 42b where the clamping portion 43 of the connecting metal fitting body 42 is formed is formed parallel to the tip of the horizontal flange portion 13. The connecting metal fitting body 42 extends obliquely from a direction orthogonal to the edge 42c. The edge 42d of the connecting metal fitting body 42 is connected to the insertion portion 45. The edge 42d to which the insertion portion 45 is connected is inclined with respect to the horizontal flange portion 13 of the earth retaining member 10.

[0057] The insertion part 45 extends from the edge 42d of the connecting fitting body 42 toward the horizontal flange part 13, and is bent into an L shape at its tip to form a tip part 41. The tip part 41 extends such that the plate surface 41b is along the surface of the horizontal flange part 13. The plate surface 41b of the tip part 41 is formed substantially parallel to the plate surface of the connecting fitting body 42. Or, the plate surface 41b of the tip part 41 may not be parallel to the plate surface of the connecting fitting body 42, and the tip 41a may be inclined toward the connecting fitting body 42 side. With such a configuration, the connecting fitting body 42 is disposed on one surface side of the horizontal flange part 13 of the two earth retaining members 10 to be connected, and the tip part 41 is disposed on the other surface side, and the two horizontal flange parts 13 can be held between the tip part 41 and the connecting fitting body 42.

[0058] As shown in FIG. 14, the insertion side end part 42b where the insertion part 45 of the connecting fitting body 42 is formed is formed to be narrower in width than the clamping side end part 42b on the side where the clamping part 43 is formed, and is formed to have a width that can be inserted into the connecting hole 13a of the horizontal flange part 13. That is, the tip part 41 can be inserted through the connecting holes 13a of the horizontal flange parts 13 of the two earth retaining members 10. Further, the insertion side end part 42a has improved rigidity due to being embossed to form a convex part 46.

[0059] On the other hand, the clamping side end part 42b where the clamping part 43 is formed is formed to be wide so that the clamping part 43 can hold the horizontal flange parts 13 of the two earth retaining members 10 in a clamped state.

[0060] The earth retaining structures 100 and 200 according to Embodiment 1 or 2 can further improve the workability during installation by replacing the connecting member 40 with the clip-shaped connecting member 40 as described above. Optionally, the connecting member 40 can also use bolts and nuts for a part and clip-shaped fittings for a part.

[0061] The configurations shown in the above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments can be combined with each other. For example, both the corner members 30 and 230 may be included in the same earth retaining structure and reinforced using both the supplementary rigid members 20 and the corner supplementary rigid members 60. Further, it is also possible to combine the above embodiments with other known techniques, and within the scope not departing from the gist, it is also possible to omit or change a part of the configuration.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0062] 10 Earth retaining member, 11 Axial connection part, 12 Connection part, 13 Horizontal flange part, 13a (Second) connection hole, 13b Tip part, 14 Main body, 15 Web part, 16 Protrusion, 16a Inner wall part, 17 (Second) outer wall part, 17b Outer wall part, 18 (First) outer wall part, 19 Vertical flange part, 19a (First) connection hole, 20 Supplementary rigid member, 21 Flange, 22 Web, 23 Connection hole, 25 Insertion part, 30 Corner member, 31 Angle member, 32 Reinforcing member, 33 Flat plate part, 35 Tip part, 36 Weld part, 36a Weld part, 36b Weld part, 36c Weld part, 40 Connection member, 41 Tip part, 41a Tip, 41b Plate surface, 42 Connection fitting main body, 42a Clamping side end part, 42b Insertion side end part, 42c Edge, 42d Edge, 43 Clamping part, 43a Tip part, 43b Contact part, 45 Insertion part, 46 Protrusion, 50 Earth retaining unit, 60 Corner supplementary rigid member, 80 Connection fitting, 92 Ground, 93 Space part, 94 Shaft, 95 Excavated wall surface, 100 Earth retaining structure, 100a Earth retaining structure, 200 Earth retaining structure, 230 Corner member, 231 Angle member, 232 Reinforcing member, 233 Flat plate part, 235 Tip part, 239 Connection hole, C Central axis, N Neutral axis, a1 Region, a2 Region, a3 Region, aa1 Region, aa2 Region, aa3 Region, b Region.

Claims

1. An earth retaining unit formed by combining earth retaining members, and a stiffening member attached to the earth retaining unit, comprising: Each of the earth retaining members has a main body whose cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction, which is the circumferential direction of the earth retaining unit, is processed into a corrugated shape, and vertical flange portions provided at both ends of the main body in the first direction and having first connection holes. The main body has two horizontal flange portions formed to protrude toward the inside of the earth retaining unit at both ends in the width direction of the main body perpendicular to the first direction, having a surface perpendicular to the width direction, and having second connection holes formed therein. The stiffening member is joined to at least one of the horizontal flange portions, and the axial connection portion formed by connecting the vertical flange portions of at least two of the earth retaining members arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction has the stiffening member connected across the horizontal flange portions of the two earth retaining members below, and a plurality of the stiffening members are arranged with spaces therebetween in the first direction. An earth retaining structure.

2. The earth retaining unit is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed from the central axis direction of the earth retaining unit, further includes corner members arranged at the corners of the rectangle and connected to the earth retaining members, The corner members include an angle member having two flat plate portions connected so that their surfaces intersect, and a main body whose cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction is processed into a corrugated shape and one end surface in the first direction is joined to the angle member, and a vertical flange portion provided at the other end surface of the main body in the first direction and having a first connection hole. Below the axial connection portion formed by connecting the vertical flange portion of the earth retaining member and the vertical flange portion of the corner member arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction the stiffening member is connected across the horizontal flange portion of the earth retaining member and the horizontal flange portion of the corner member. The earth retaining structure according to claim 1.

3. An earth retaining unit formed by combining corner members, and a stiffening member attached to the earth retaining unit, comprising: The earth retaining unit is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed from the central axis direction of the earth retaining unit, The corner members are arranged at the corners of the rectangular earth retaining unit, include an angle member having two flat plate portions connected so that their surfaces intersect, and a main body whose cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction is processed into a corrugated shape and one end surface in the first direction is joined to the angle member, and a vertical flange portion provided at the other end surface of the main body in the first direction and having a first connection hole. The main body of the corner member is formed to project inwardly of the earth retaining unit at both ends in the width direction of the main body perpendicular to the first direction, having a plane perpendicular to the width direction, and comprising two lateral flange portions formed with second connection holes. Below the axial connection portion formed by connecting the vertical flange portions of the corner members arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction, the supplementary stiffening member is connected across the lateral flange portions of the two corner members. An earth retaining structure in which a plurality of the supplementary stiffening members are arranged with a space therebetween in the first direction.

4. Further comprising a corner supplementary stiffening member arranged at at least one of the lower and upper sides of the corner member and connected to the respective lateral flange portions of the two earth retaining members connected to the corner member. The corner supplementary stiffening member is connected across the two earth retaining members connected to the corner member. The earth retaining structure according to claim 2.

5. The supplementary stiffening member is formed in a U shape in a cross section perpendicular to the first direction, comprising a flange connected to one of the two lateral flange portions, and a web extending intersecting the flange. The earth retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. An earth retaining unit formed by combining an earth retaining member and a corner member, and a corner supplementary stiffening member arranged at at least one of the lower and upper sides of the corner member and connected to the two earth retaining members connected to the corner member. The earth retaining member has a main body whose cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the first direction to which the earth retaining member is connected is processed into a corrugated shape, and flat plate-shaped vertical flange portions provided at both ends in the first direction of the main body and having first connection holes. The main body is formed at both ends in the width direction perpendicular to the first direction, has a plane perpendicular to the width direction, and comprises two lateral flange portions formed with second connection holes. The corner member is an angle member having an L-shaped cross section perpendicular to the width direction, and the vertical flange portions of the earth retaining member are connected to the two flat plate portions of the angle member. The corner supplementary stiffening member is connected across the two earth retaining members connected to the corner member, and a plurality of them are arranged with a space therebetween in the first direction. The earth retaining structure.

7. The corner supplementary stiffening member is joined to the respective lateral flange portions of the two earth retaining members connected to the corner member at a plurality of locations. The earth retaining structure according to claim 6.

8. The corner supplementary stiffening member is a plate material. The earth retaining structure according to claim 6 or 7.

9. The main body Between the two horizontal flange portions, there is a corrugated portion formed by processing a plate into a waveform, The corrugated portion is a convex portion formed to protrude toward the inside of the earth retaining unit, and a first outer wall portion connecting the convex portion and the horizontal flange portion. The earth retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The convex portion includes a plurality of convex portions, The corrugated portion further includes a second outer wall portion connecting the convex portion and the horizontal flange portion. The earth retaining structure according to claim 9.

11. The first connecting hole of the vertical flange portion is provided in parallel in the inner direction of the earth retaining unit with respect to the first outer wall portion or the second outer wall portion. The earth retaining structure according to claim 10.

12. The convex portion in a cross-section of the corrugated portion perpendicular to the first direction, when defining the neutral axis in the thickness direction of the main body, an inner wall portion located inside the neutral axis, and a web portion extending in the thickness direction of the main body and connecting the first outer wall portion or the second outer wall portion and the inner wall portion. The earth retaining structure according to claim 10 or 11.

13. The main body between the two horizontal flange portions, includes a corrugated portion formed by processing a plate into a waveform, The corrugated portion has a waveform in the shape of a sine curve in a cross-section perpendicular to the first direction. The earth retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

14. The first connecting hole of the vertical flange portion is provided so as to be located between the convex portions protruding toward the inside of the earth retaining unit and between the convex portion and the horizontal flange portion in the waveform of the sine curve shape. The earth retaining structure according to claim 13.

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