Repellent

Abstract

To provide a sanitary repellent less likely to reduce effect obtained by learning, and capable of showing excellent repellent effect over a long period.SOLUTION: There is provided a repellent (excluding the case containing wolf urine) containing di(C1-8)alkyl cresol as an active ingredient. The repellent is especially useful as a repellent for harmful wildlife.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a novel repellent. The repellent of the present invention is particularly effective as a repellent for harmful birds and beasts such as deer, wild boars, monkeys, raccoons, badgers, cats, crows, etc.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, in urban areas, damage caused by crows and cats scattering garbage has become a problem. Crows and cats break open garbage bags containing garbage placed at collection sites, ransack the leftover food inside, and scatter it on the road. Then, in addition to dogs, pigeons, sparrows, insects such as flies gather around the scattered leftover food, becoming unsanitary. Therefore, this problem is extremely serious. Regarding cats, it has also become a problem that they enter the entrance or garden of a house and excrete. Also, in rural areas, damage to crops and forests by deer, wild boars, etc., and damage to houses and personal injuries by monkeys are becoming more serious.

[0003] As a method for eliminating the damage caused by the above crows, for example, there is a method of covering garbage bags with nets at garbage collection sites to prevent scattering by crows. However, not only is the aesthetics impaired, but it is impossible to completely prevent the damage, such as piercing and breaking the garbage bags through the gaps in the nets. Also, as a method for eliminating damage caused by cats, deer, wild boars, etc., a method of driving them away by emitting sounds that these animals dislike is known. However, the problem is that the repellent effect is reduced by learning. Also, a method of using artificially synthesized repellents is known. This method is excellent in that it is relatively inexpensive and does not require much time and effort, but there are concerns about its effects on the human body. In addition, there are also methods of physically defending, such as installing protective fences, but the problems are that it is time-consuming, costly, and a reliable effect cannot be expected.

[0004] In fruit tree cultivation and the like, there is much damage caused by crows, raccoons, wild boars, etc. As a method of preventing such damage, it is common to install a protective net and an electric fence in combination. However, there are costs and labor involved in installing the net and the electric fence. Furthermore, it is necessary to prevent intrusion by digging holes under the electric fence.

[0005] On the other hand, it has been known for a long time that excrement (urine, feces) of fierce animals such as tigers and lions has a repellent effect on animals such as deer. Since this is a repellent effect based on the instinct of being a natural enemy, it is difficult to learn. However, spreading excrement (urine, feces) of fierce animals such as tigers and lions has problems in terms of hygiene.

[0006] As a method of solving the problems in terms of hygiene, Patent Document 1 describes an animal repellent containing octadeceneamide derived from lion feces and C 12-18 fatty acid amide as an active ingredient, but it has not been put into practical use.

[0007] In addition, Patent Document 2 describes that a high molecular compound having a molecular weight of 30,000 or more contained in wolf urine is useful as a repellent for deer and the like. However, low molecular compounds having a repellent effect are not described.

[0008] Furthermore, Patent Document 3 describes that methyl propyl ketone, 2-ethylhexanol, ethyl methyl sulfide, methyl pentyl ketone, and di-n-octyl phthalate are useful as repellents for deer. However, di(C 1-8 ) alkyl cresol is not described at all.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0009]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0010] Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a new repellent that is hygienic and exhibits an excellent repellent effect. Another object of the present invention is to provide a repellent that is hygienic and is less likely to exhibit a reduction in the effect due to learning and exhibits an excellent repellent effect over a long period of time.

MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS

[0011] As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has found that wolf urine contains low molecular weight compounds that induce avoidance behavior based on instinct against harmful birds and beasts and are less likely to exhibit a reduction in the effect due to learning. And among the components contained in wolf urine, di(C 1-8 ) alkyl cresol has been found to exhibit a particularly excellent repellent effect. The present invention has been completed based on these findings.

[0012] That is, the present invention provides a repellent containing di(C 1-8 ) alkyl cresol as an active ingredient (excluding cases where it contains wolf urine).

[0013] The present invention also provides the above repellent in which di(C 1-8 ) alkyl cresol is at least one selected from the compounds represented by the following formulas (1-1) to (1-3) and (2-1) to (2-4).

CHEMICAL FORMULA

[0014] The present invention also provides the above repellent which is a repellent for harmful birds and beasts.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The active ingredient contained in the repellent of the present invention is a component contained in the urine of wolves, which are natural enemies to harmful birds and beasts (for example, deer, wild boars, monkeys, raccoon dogs, badgers, cats, crows, etc.). Therefore, the harmful birds and beasts that come into contact with the repellent of the present invention will have their avoidance behaviors induced based on their instincts, and it is less likely that the effect will decrease due to learning in the induction of the avoidance behaviors. Moreover, since the repellent of the present invention does not contain wolf urine itself, there are no hygienic problems in its use. Also, since the active ingredient is a component also contained in wolf urine, it is not only friendly to humans and the environment, but also induces avoidance behaviors and does not cause harm to harmful birds and beasts and the like that are the targets of avoidance. Therefore, the repellent of the present invention is extremely effective as a repellent for harmful birds and beasts.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0016] [Repellent] The repellent of the present invention contains di(C 1-8 )alkyl cresol as an active ingredient. The compound is also a compound contained in wolf urine, but the repellent of the present invention does not contain wolf urine itself. Therefore, it is hygienic. Also, it can be stored without spoiling even at room temperature and has excellent handleability.

[0017] The di(C 1-8 )alkyl cresol includes di(C 1-8 )alkyl - o - cresol, di(C 1-8 )alkyl - m - cresol, and di(C 1-8 )alkyl - p - cresol.

[0018] The di(C 1-8)Alkyl cresol is a compound having two alkyl groups with 1 to 8 carbon atoms on the benzene ring constituting cresol. Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include linear or branched alkyl groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, s-butyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, octyl group and the like.

[0019] Among them, as the alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable, particularly a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable, and especially a tertiary alkyl group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable.

[0020] The di(C 1-8 )alkyl cresol preferably contains at least one selected from the compounds represented by the following formulas (1-1) to (1-3) and the following formulas (2-1) to (2-4) as an active ingredient, in terms of exhibiting a more excellent repellent effect. In the following formulas, R 1 ~R 14 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different.

Chemical formula

[0021] The di(C 1-8 )alkyl cresol preferably contains at least one selected from the compounds represented by the above formulas (1-1), (2-1), and (2-2) as an active ingredient, in terms of exhibiting an especially excellent repellent effect.

[0022] The di(C 1-8 )alkyl cresol preferably contains the compound represented by the above formula (2-1) and / or the compound represented by the above formula (2-2) as an active ingredient, in terms of exhibiting an extremely excellent repellent effect.

[0023] The repellents of the present invention are not particularly limited as the targets to be repelled, such as mammals (excluding humans), birds, snakes, etc. whose avoidance behavior is induced by the repellents. Among them, harmful birds and beasts (for example, deer, wild boars, monkeys, raccoon dogs, weasels, cats, crows, etc.) are particularly in high demand and are excellent in terms of effectiveness, so they are preferred. Therefore, the repellent of the present invention is preferably used as a repellent for harmful birds and beasts.

[0024] The active ingredient can be obtained, for example, by subjecting the urine of wolves to separation and purification treatment, but it is not limited to those obtained by this production method, and for example, commercially available products may be used.

[0025] The repellent of the present invention may contain one or more other components in addition to the above active ingredient. Examples of other components include known and commonly used additives such as solvents (for example, water, buffer solutions, alcohols, other organic solvents and inorganic solvents, etc.), antioxidants, antioxidant aids, preservatives, pH adjusters, etc.

[0026] The repellent of the present invention may contain at least one compound selected from cresol (including o, m, and p-cresol), dimethyl sulfide, methyl propyl sulfide, methyl butyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl thiophene, but the content is preferably 10,000 ppm or less, particularly preferably 100 ppm or less, most preferably 50 ppm or less, and especially preferably 10 ppm or less.

[0027] The repellent of the present invention may contain at least one compound selected from cresol (including o, m, and p-cresol), dimethyl sulfide, methyl propyl sulfide, methyl butyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl thiophene, but the content is, for example, 100% by weight or less, preferably 10% by weight or less, particularly preferably 1% by weight or less, most preferably 0.1% by weight or less, and especially preferably 0.01% by weight or less with respect to the content of the above active ingredient.

[0028] The repellent of the present invention has an extremely high repellent effect. Therefore, even when diluted with a solvent such as water or alcohol, it can exhibit an excellent repellent effect. The degree of dilution is not particularly limited, but it can be diluted to the concentration level (or a concentration below it) of each component contained in the urine of wolves.

[0029] The effective concentration of the repellent of the present invention varies depending on the type of target organism. For example, in the case of harmful birds and beasts such as deer, it is effective at a concentration of, for example, 1 ppm or more (preferably 10 ppm or more, particularly preferably 100 ppm or more). Therefore, the repellent of the present invention has an extremely wide effective range.

[0030] In addition, the repellent of the present invention is excellent in safety. For example, the LC50 for rats is 40000 ppm or more.

[0031] From the above, the repellent of the present invention can be safely used in the range of 1 ppm or more and less than 40000 ppm.

[0032] The repellent of the present invention can be enclosed in a spray can and sprayed on the locations where a repellent effect is expected, or the repellent can be adsorbed on a porous carrier (for example, porous polymer resin, soft stone, charcoal, zeolite, etc.), and the porous carrier adsorbed with the repellent can be placed at the locations where a repellent effect is expected, or the repellent can be contained in a container having a ventilation port, and the container can be placed at the locations where a repellent effect is expected. Examples of the locations where a repellent effect is expected include, for example, garbage collection sites, orchards, along highways, and the boundary parts of houses.

[0033] The mechanism of action of the repellent of the present invention is considered to be related to smell and / or taste because deer that eat the bait coated with the repellent show the behavior of spitting out the bait. And since the repellent of the present invention contains components also contained in the urine of wolves, which are natural enemies of harmful birds and beasts (such as deer, wild boars, monkeys, raccoon dogs, weasels, cats, crows, etc.), it induces avoidance behavior based on instinct and is less likely to cause a decrease in the effect by learning. Therefore, it can continue to exhibit excellent repellent effects over a long period of time.

[0034] In addition, the repellent of the present invention uses the components also contained in the urine of wolves as active ingredients. Therefore, even if an excessive amount is used, it is not only friendly to humans and the environment, but also friendly to the harmful birds and beasts to be repelled because it induces avoidance behavior and does not cause harm, and it is safe even when applied to crops.

Examples

[0035] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0036] Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 A solution obtained by dissolving the compounds described in the following table in ethanol (the following compound concentration: 1.5 mol / L) was applied at 50 μL per deer pancake, and this was brought to the noses of 10 deer to let them smell the odor and the reaction was observed, and the repellent effect was evaluated according to the following criteria. In addition, deer pancakes coated only with ethanol were given as a blank. In this case, all the deer ate them without hesitation. <Evaluation Criteria> ◎: Among 10 deer, 8 or more immediately ran away. ○: Among 10 deer, 6 to 7 immediately ran away. △: Among 10 deer, 4 to 5 immediately ran away. ×: Among 10 deer, 2 to 3 immediately ran away. ××: Among 10 deer, 1 or less immediately ran away.

[0037] The above results are shown in the following table.

Table 1

[0038] From the above results, it was found that the repellent of the present application has a remarkable effect as a repellent for harmful birds and beasts such as deer.

Claims

1. Ji (C １－８ ) A repellent that contains alkylcresol as the active ingredient and is a repellent for harmful birds and animals (excluding those that contain wolf urine).

2. The above-mentioned di(C １－８ 2. The repellent according to claim 1, wherein the alkylcresol is at least one selected from the compounds represented by the following formulas (1-1) to (1-3) and (2-1) to (2-4): 【Chemistry 1】 (In the formula, R １ ~R １４ are the same or different and represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

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