Fire grate combustion device

Abstract

To facilitate repairing, when a labyrinth seal has any failure, by disassembling those discs more easily and inserting new discs as split discs again more easily.SOLUTION: A labyrinth seal with a seal housing on which outer discs are arranged, and a shaft on which inner discs are arranged, where the shaft can be moved eccentrically in the seal housing, in such a way that the inner and the outer discs can move radially with respect to one another and thereby overlap in the alignment of the shaft, characterized in that at least one of the discs is divided into a plurality of parts.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a labyrinth seal for sealing a boiler facility and a grate combustion, the labyrinth seal being disposed in a screening hopper and accompanied by a seal housing in which an outer disk is disposed and a shaft in which an inner disk is disposed, the shaft being eccentrically movable in the seal housing, so that as a result, the inner disk and the outer disk can move radially relative to each other and overlap in alignment with the shaft. Further, the present invention relates to a combustion grate accompanied by a movable grate step driven by a shaft and a screening hopper in which the seal housing is disposed, the shaft extending through the seal housing.

Background Art

[0002] It is necessary to guide the shaft through the wall, and on the one hand, a seal is required for the wall, and on the other hand, there are application fields where the shaft is eccentrically mounted in order to transmit not only rotational motion but also eccentric motion.

[0003] In such situations, for example, in boiler facilities, there are situations where the step grate moves together with the shaft. The shaft guided from the outside into the heating furnace moves eccentrically, and there is a significant temperature difference, and as a result of different media inside and outside the heating furnace, it is necessary to ensure a reliable seal.

[0004] Regarding such problems, it is known to use a shaft together with a labyrinth seal. Here, the shaft has an inner disk protruding radially, and the housing has an outer disk disposed between the inner disks and protruding radially, so that the disks of the shaft and the disks of the housing are arranged alternately. Therefore, this prevents the medium inside the boiler facility from leaking to the outside or outside air from entering the boiler facility from the outside.

[0005] In particular, dust inside the boiler equipment enters the labyrinth seal, resulting in dust accumulating on the disk. Therefore, initially, the dust adhering thereto improves the sealing performance because all remaining channels are blocked. However, this can also interfere with the movement of the shaft and ultimately cause damage to the disk, and then the function of the labyrinth seal is restricted.

[0006] As a result, in the case of such a labyrinth seal, initially, the function of the seal improves, but during the course of its service life, it deteriorates again, and ultimately, the disk may be further damaged, and it becomes necessary to disassemble and replace the seal. To do this, the shaft, together with its disk, cannot be easily removed, but rather, it is necessary to completely remove the disk on the housing and / or the shaft to enable the insertion of a new seal.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0007] This requires a lot of time and effort and generally results in shutting down the plant. Therefore, as a fundamental problem of the present invention, developing such a labyrinth seal or replacing the labyrinth seal with another seal is mentioned.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] This problem is solved by a labyrinth seal having the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0009] Fortunately, and as a result, while maintaining the principle of the labyrinth seal, the fundamental problem of the present invention can be solved by the fact that at least one of the plurality of disks is separated into a plurality of parts by a general-purpose labyrinth seal. Thereby, when there is a defect in the seal, it becomes possible to divide the inner disk and / or the outer disk, and thus, it becomes possible to remove those disks more easily. Also, again, it is possible to more easily insert a new disk as a divided disk. Thereby, repair becomes considerably easier.

[0010] It is advantageous when the disk is divided into only two or three parts. In principle, in order to more easily disassemble the disk, it becomes possible to divide the disk into many parts. In particular, a large disk is preferably divided into more parts. In practice, however, it has generally been found that division into only two or three parts is sufficient.

[0011] Depending on the embodiment of the labyrinth seal, it may be sufficient to divide only the inner disk or the outer disk. In practice, however, it is advantageous when dividing the inner disk or the outer disk.

[0012] It may be sufficient when only one disk is arranged on the shaft or on the seal housing. However, it is advantageous when a plurality of inner disks are arranged on the shaft, a plurality of outer disks are arranged on the seal housing, and in alignment of the shaft, they are alternately fixed on the housing and fixed on the shaft.

[0013] When connecting the parts of the shaft, care must be taken so that the thickness of the disk does not increase significantly in alignment of the shaft. The reason for this is that if such care is not taken, the dimensions of the disk pack of the labyrinth seal will become excessively large. Therefore, the parts of the disk are connected to each other by an undercut connection. A button hole connection or a dovetail connection can be used, for example, as an undercut connection.

Advantages of the Invention

[0014] Also, such a connection can be configured very reliably, but it is advantageous in many application fields if the parts of the split disk are connected to each other by at least one tack weld as a safety measure.

[0015] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the seal housing includes a cleaning opening.

[0016] Such a labyrinth seal is particularly suitable for sealing in boiler installations and grate combustion. Thus, as a specific application field, an apparatus for a seal housing of a screening hopper can be mentioned.

[0017] Specifically, in such a case, it is advantageous if the shaft is connected to a movable grate step.

[0018] Therefore, the fundamental problem of the present invention is also solved by using a combustion grate having the features described in claim 12.

[0019] Examples of embodiments are shown in the drawings and will be further described in detail below.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0021] The present invention is described using an example of a method for overhauling a labyrinth seal on a horizontal grid. In a horizontal grid, the driving force of the movable grid step is transmitted via a shaft 2 to a sorting hopper 13 disposed below the horizontal grid. The shaft 2 not only performs a rotational movement but also moves on a circular orbit. To enable this movement, a shaft opening 3 passing through the sorting hopper 13 needs to be made considerably larger than the diameter of the shaft. The shaft 2 up to the sorting hopper 13 through the wall 4 is effected by a thin plate seal 1. This thin plate seal 1 includes a series of thin plate-like connections of a plurality of disks in which an inner disk fixedly arranged on the shaft and an outer disk 6 fixedly arranged on the housing are arranged alternately. Since the sealing disks can move radially relative to each other and nevertheless always overlap, a seal similar to a labyrinth seal is produced.

[0022] Hitherto, in the production of a new plant or in the production of a replacement swing part, the sealing disks were already pressed against the shaft 2 during the production of the swing part before the welding of the outer drive lever 7. Next, by installing and welding the outer drive lever 7 on the shaft, the assembled sealing disks 5, 6 were not non-destructively disassembled.

[0023] However, the sealing disks are worn during operation and need to be replaced when necessary. The disassembly of the integral sealing disks 5, 6 can only be done by simply destroying the assembled disks. Therefore, the assembly of new integral disks can be done only using the disassembled shaft 2 and the disassembled external drive lever 7, or it was necessary to assemble on-site by dividing and then joining new disks. The production of the surface quality of the disk halves joined together required for the seal is only possible in difficult situations and in situations with restricted access. Therefore, both approaches are associated with a significant amount of time and production costs, and furthermore, with the difficulties associated with the production.

[0024] In connection with this problem, FIG. 1 shows a seal housing 8 in which the outer disk 6 is arranged and a shaft 2 in which the inner disk 5 is arranged. The cleaning opening 10 remains closed by the screw 9, and the safety seat 11 is provided on the opposite side. This enables the force to be transmitted from the torsion lever 12 through the shaft 2 to the drive lever 7 in the sieve hopper 13 and then forward from there towards a movable grid step (not shown).

[0025] FIG. 2 shows the divided inner disk 5, which is divided at the intersection 14 into an upper disk half 15 and a lower disk half 16. At the intersection 14, two protruding elements 17 and 18 of the upper disk half 15 engage with corresponding recesses 19 and 20 of the lower disk half 16. Accordingly, two protruding elements 21 and 22 engage with corresponding recesses 23 and 24 on the opposite side. Thus, the disk half 15 and the disk half 16 are firmly connected to each other. The recesses 19 as well as the recesses 20 and 23 as well as the recesses 24 have undercuts which prevent the protruding elements 17, 18 and 21, 22 from being separated from the recesses 19, 20 and the recesses 23, 24.

[0026] However, as a safety measure, the welding point 25 is provided in the radially outer region of the connection region 14 between the upper disk half 15 and the lower disk half 16.

Claims

1. A grate combustion device comprising a sieving hopper (13), and a labyrinth seal (1) disposed in the sieving hopper (13) and having a seal housing (8) in which an outer disk (6) is disposed and a shaft (2) in which an inner disk (5) is disposed, wherein the shaft (2) is eccentrically movable in the seal housing (8), so that the inner disk (5) and the outer disk (6) are movable radially relative to each other, while the inner disk (5) and the outer disk (6) are aligned with the shaft (2) and overlap each other, characterized in that at least one of the inner disk (5) and the outer disk (6) is divided into a plurality of parts (15, 16).

2. The grate combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner disk (5) and the outer disk (6) are divided only into two parts (15, 16).

3. The grate combustion device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner disk (5) and the outer disk (6) are divided.

4. A plurality of inner disks (5) are disposed on the shaft (2), a plurality of outer disks (6) are disposed in the seal housing (8), and the outer disks (6) are fixed on the seal housing (8) and the inner disks (5) are fixed on the shaft (2) alternately and in alignment with the shaft (2). The grate combustion device according to claim 1.

5. The grate combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of parts (15, 16) of the inner disk (5) and the outer disk (6) are connected to each other by undercut connections.

6. The grate combustion device according to claim 5, characterized in that the undercut connection is a button hole connection.

7. The grate combustion device according to claim 5, characterized in that the undercut connection is a dovetail connection.

8. The grate combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of parts are connected to each other by at least one temporary welding (25) as a safety measure.

9. The grate combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the seal housing (8) includes a cleaning opening (10).

10. The grate combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the seal housing (8) is arranged in a sieve hopper (13).

11. The grate combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft (2) is connected to a movable grid step.

Images