Automobile refrigeration cycle device

Abstract

To provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus for an automobile which is mounted with a refrigerant suitable for a refrigeration cycle apparatus for an automobile.SOLUTION: A refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 for an automobile includes a refrigerant circuit 10, and a refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit 10. The refrigerant circuit 10 has a compressor 80, a radiator, a decompression part, and an evaporator. The refrigerant contains at least HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. The refrigeration cycle apparatus for the automobile is used in at least any one of a hybrid automobile, an electric automobile and a hydrogen automobile.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle device for automobiles using a refrigerant having a low global warming potential (GWP).

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, in the heat cycle system of refrigeration or refrigeration devices, R134a, a single refrigerant, has been widely used as the refrigerant. In addition, it is also conceivable to use R410A or R404. R410A is a two-component mixed refrigerant of (CH2F2; HFC-32 or R32) and pentafluoroethane (C2HF5; HFC-125 or R125), and is a pseudo-azeotropic composition. R404 is a three-component mixed refrigerant of R125, R134a, and R143a, and is a pseudo-azeotropic composition.

[0003] However, the global warming potential (GWP) of R134a is 1430, the global warming potential (GWP) of R410A is 2088, and the global warming potential (GWP) of R404A is 3920. In recent years, due to the increasing concerns about global warming, refrigerants with lower GWP are being used more and more.

[0004] For example, in Patent Document 1 (International Publication No. 2005 / 105947), a low-GWP mixed refrigerant that can replace R134a, in Patent Document 2 (International Publication No. 2015 / 141678), a low-GWP mixed refrigerant that can replace R410A, and in Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-184597), various low-GWP mixed refrigerants that can replace R404A have been proposed.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] So far, among refrigerants with a small GWP, no consideration has been given to which refrigerant should be used in a refrigeration cycle device for automobiles.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the first aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression section, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains at least 1,2-difluoroethylene.

[0007] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the second aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).

[0008] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the third aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the second aspect, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total sum are x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point D (87.6, 0.0, 12.4), at point G (18.2, 55.1, 26.7), at point H (56.7, 43.3, 0.0) and at point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OD, DG, GH, and HO connecting these four points respectively or on the line segments OD, DG, and GH (excluding point O and point H), the line segment DG is represented by the coordinates (0.0047y 2 -1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 + 0.5177y + 12.402), and the line segment GH is represented by the coordinates (-0.0134z 2 -1.0825z + 56.692, 0.0134z 2 + 0.0825z + 43.308, z), and The line segments HO and OD are straight lines.

[0009] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the fourth aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the second aspect, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z, respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point L(72.5, 10.2, 17.3), at point G(18.2, 55.1, 26.7), at point H(56.7, 43.3, 0.0) and at point I(72.5, 27.5, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments LG, GH, HI, and IL connecting these four points respectively, or on the line segments LG, GH, and IL (however, points H and I are excluded), the line segment LG is represented by the coordinates (0.0047y 2 -1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 + 0.5177y + 12.402), is represented by the line segment GH is represented by the coordinates (-0.0134z 2 -1.0825z + 56.692, 0.0134z 2 + 0.0825z + 43.308, z), is represented by, and the line segments HI and IL are straight lines.

[0010] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the fifth aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, and the refrigerant further contains difluoromethane (R32).

[0011] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the sixth aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the fifth aspect, In the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based on their total sum are x, y, z, and a, respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < a ≤ 10.0, point A(0.02a 2 -2.46a + 93.4, 0, -0.02a 2 +2.46a + 6.6), point B'(-0.008a 2 -1.38a + 56, 0.018a 2 -0.53a + 26.3, -0.01a 2 +1.91a + 17.7), point C(-0.016a 2 +1.02a + 77.6, 0.016a 2 -1.02a + 22.4, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) are within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (however, points O and C are excluded), when 10.0 < a ≤ 16.5, point A(0.0244a 2 -2.5695a + 94.056, 0, -0.0244a 2 +2.5695a + 5.944), point B'(0.1161a 2 -1.9959a + 59.749, 0.014a 2 -0.3399a + 24.8, -0.1301a 2 +2.3358a + 15.451), point C(-0.0161a 2 +1.02a + 77.6, 0.0161a 2 -1.02a + 22.4, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) are within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (however, points O and C are excluded), or When 16.5 < a ≤ 21.8, point A(0.0161a 2 -2.3535a + 92.742, 0, -0.0161a 2 +2.3535a + 7.258), point B'(-0.0435a 2 -0.0435a + 50.406, -0.0304a 2 +1.8991a - 0.0661, 0.0739a 2 -1.8556a + 49.6601), point C(-0.0161a 2 +0.9959a + 77.851, 0.0161a 2 -0.9959a + 22.149, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively, or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (excluding points O and C).

[0012] The automotive refrigeration cycle device of the seventh aspect is the automotive refrigeration cycle device of the second aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains a total of HFO - 1132(E) and HFO - 1123 in an amount of 99.5 mass% or more based on the total amount of the refrigerant, and the refrigerant contains HFO - 1132(E) in an amount of 62.5 mass% to 72.5 mass% based on the total amount of the refrigerant.

[0013] The automotive refrigeration cycle device of the eighth aspect is the automotive refrigeration cycle device of the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO - 1132(E), R32, and R1234yf, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO - 1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their total sum are x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFO - 1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A(71.1, 0.0, 28.9), point C(36.5, 18.2, 45.3), Point F(47.6, 18.3, 34.1) and Point D(72.0, 0.0, 28.0) within or on the line segments AC, CF, FD, and DA connecting the four points respectively, wherein the line segment AC is coordinates (0.0181y 2 -2.2288y + 71.096, y, -0.0181y 2 +1.2288y + 28.904) represented by wherein the line segment FD is coordinates (0.02y 2 -1.7y + 72, y, -0.02y 2 +0.7y + 28) represented by, and the line segments CF and DA are straight lines.

[0014] The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the ninth aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO - 1132(E), R32, and R1234yf, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO - 1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in the three - component composition diagram where the total of HFO - 1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A(71.1, 0.0, 28.9), point B(42.6, 14.5, 42.9), point E(51.4, 14.6, 34.0) and point D(72.0, 0.0, 28.0) within or on the line segments AB, BE, ED, and DA connecting the four points respectively, wherein the line segment AB is coordinates (0.0181y 2 -2.2288y + 71.096, y, -0.0181y 2 +1.2288y + 28.904) represented by The line segment ED is represented by the coordinates (0.02y 2 -1.7y + 72, y, -0.02y 2 + 0.7y + 28), and the line segments BE and DA are straight lines.

[0015] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the tenth aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point G(77.5, 6.9, 15.6), at point I(55.1, 18.3, 26.6), and at point J(77.5, 18.4, 4.1) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments GI, IJ, and JK connecting these three points respectively or on the said line segments, the line segment GI is represented by the coordinates (0.02y 2 -2.4583y + 93.396, y, -0.02y 2 + 1.4583y + 6.604), and the line segments IJ and JK are straight lines.

[0016] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the eleventh aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are Point G(77.5, 6.9, 15.6), point H(61.8, 14.6, 23.6) and point K(77.5, 14.6, 7.9) are within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments GH, HK, and KG connecting these three points respectively, or on the said line segments, the said line segment GH is coordinates (0.02y 2 -2.4583y + 93.396, y, -0.02y 2 +1.4583y + 6.604) represented by, and the said line segments HK and KG are straight lines.

[0017] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 12th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 1st aspect, the said refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32, in the said refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C’(56.7, 43.3, 0.0), point D’(52.2, 38.3, 9.5), point E’(41.8, 39.8, 18.4) and point A’(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) are within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC’, C’D’, D’E’, E’A’, and A’O connecting these five points respectively, or on the said line segments C’D’, D’E’, and E’A’ (excluding points C’ and A’), the said line segment C’D’ is coordinates (-0.0297z 2 -0.1915z + 56.7, 0.0297z 2 +1.1915z + 43.3, z) represented by, The line segment D’E’ is at the coordinates (-0.0535z 2 +0.3229z + 53.957, 0.0535z 2 +0.6771z + 46.043, z) and is represented by the line segments OC’, E’A’ and A’O are straight lines.

[0018] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 13th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 based on their total sum are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), point E(72.2, 9.4, 18.4) and point A’(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DE, EA’ and A’O connecting these five points respectively or on the line segments CD, DE and EA’ (excluding points C and A’), the line segment CDE is at the coordinates (-0.017z 2 +0.0148z + 77.684, 0.017z 2 +0.9852z + 22.316, z) and is represented by the line segments OC, EA’ and A’O are straight lines.

[0019] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 14th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32, In the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their total are x, y, and z, respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C’(56.7, 43.3, 0.0), point D’(52.2, 38.3, 9.5), and point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC’, C’D’, D’A, and AO connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments C’D’ and D’A (excluding points C’ and A), the line segment C’D’ is represented by the coordinates (-0.0297z 2 -0.1915z + 56.7, 0.0297z 2 + 1.1915z + 43.3, z), and the line segments OC’, D’A, and AO are straight lines.

[0020] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 15th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32, and in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their total are x, y, and z, respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DA, and AO connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments CD and DA (excluding points C and A). The line segment CD is represented by coordinates (-0.017z 2 +0.0148z + 77.684, 0.017z 2 +0.9852z + 22.316, z), and the line segments OC, DA, and AO are straight lines.

[0021] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 16th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains CO2, trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), and when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < w ≤ 1.2, point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) point B''(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5), point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ, JK, and KL connecting these seven points respectively, and the straight lines LB'', B''D, DC, and CI, or on the line segments (excluding the points on the straight lines B''D and CI), when 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) Point B’’(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ, JK, and KL connecting these seven points respectively, and the straight lines LB’’, B’’D, DC, and CI (however, excluding the points on the straight lines B’’D and CI), when 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) Point B’’(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7) within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ, JK, and KL connecting these seven points respectively, and the straight lines LB’’, B’’D, DC, and CI (however, excluding the points on the straight lines B’’D and CI), and the curve IJ is at coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 +0.716x + 28 - w) represented by the curve JK is the coordinates (x, 0.0095x 2 -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 + 0.2222x + 32.324 - w) represented by the curve KL is the coordinates (x, 0.0049x 2 -0.8842x + 61.488, -0.0049x 2 -0.1158x + 38.512) represented by.

[0022] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 17th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains CO2, trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are w, x, y, and z, respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < w ≤ 1.2, point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ and JK and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI connecting these five points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CI), when 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point F(36.6, -3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) Within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting the above five points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) Within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves IJ and JK connecting the above six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w2 +3.9667w + 41.7) Within the range of the figure or on the said line segments surrounded by the curves IJ and JK that connect the six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), and the curve IJ is at the coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 - 1.716x + 72, - 0.0236x 2 + 0.716x + 28 - w) represented by The curve JK is at the coordinates (x, 0.0095x 2 - 1.2222x + 67.676, - 0.0095x 2 + 0.2222x + 32.324 - w) represented by

[0023] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 18th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains CO2, and R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf, When the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are When 0 < w ≤ 1.2, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(18.2, - 1.1111w 2 - 3.1667w + 31.9, 1.1111w 2 + 2.1667w + 49.9) Point C(0.0, - 4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) within the range of the figure or on the said line segments surrounded by the curves IJ and JK that connect the four points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w 2 - 4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 + 3.5746w + 49.884) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ and JK connecting the four points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2 - 4.3556w + 31.411, -0.0444w 2 + 3.3556w + 50.489) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7) within or on the line segments of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ and JK connecting the four points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), and the curve IJ is represented by the coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 - 1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 + 0.716x + 28 - w) as expressed.

[0024] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 19th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 1st aspect, The refrigerant includes CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < w ≤ 0.6, point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 +1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +0.75w + 51.6) point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6) point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 +20.5, -1.1111w 2 -w + 27.8) point B’’(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5) point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves GO and OP, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, and DG connecting these five points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line B’’D), when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 +1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +0.75w + 51.6) point N(18.2, 0.2778w2 + 3w + 27.7, -0.2778w2 - 4w + 54.1) point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2+1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6) Point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 + 20.5, -1.1111w 2 -w + 27.8) Point B’’(-1.5278w 2 + 2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5) Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) within or on the line segment of the figure surrounded by the curves GN, curve NO, and curve OP, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, and DG connecting the six points respectively (however, excluding the points on the straight line B’’D), and The curve GO is when 0 < w ≤ 0.6, coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 -0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 -0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve GN is when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 -0.0113w + 0.0313)x 2 + (-0.3582w 2 + 0.1624w - 1.4551)x + 2.7889w 2 + 3.7417w + 43.824, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve NO is when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 -0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w2 -0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve OP is when 0 < w ≤ 1.2 the coordinates (x, (0.0074w 2 - 0.0133w + 0.0064)x 2 + (-0.5839w 2 + 1.0268w - 0.7103)x + 11.472w 2 - 17.455w + 40.07, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by when 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0 the point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47) the point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w + 44.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578) the point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54) the point O(36.8, -0.1392w 2 + 1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 - 2.4381w + 38.725) the point P(51.7, -0.2381w 2 + 1.881w + 20.186, 0.2381w 2 - 2.881w + 28.114) the point B’’(51.6, 0.0, -w + 48.4) the point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) the point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP connecting the 8 points respectively, and the straight lines PB'', B''D, DC, and CM, or on the said line segments (excluding the points on the straight lines B''D and CM), and The curve MW is at the coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 - 0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 + (- 0.0493w 2 + 0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) and is represented by The curve WN is at the coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (- 0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) and is represented by The curve NO is at the coordinates (x, (- 0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 + (0.0375w 2 - 0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 + 6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y) and is represented by The curve OP is at the coordinates (x, (- 0.000463w 2 + 0.0024w - 0.0011)x 2 + (0.0457w 2 - 0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 + 8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y) and is represented by When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, The point M(0.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w + 58.133, 0.0667w 2-1.8333w + 41.867 Point W(10.0, -0.0667w 2 +1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 -2.1w + 50.733 Point N(18.2, -0.0889w 2 +1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 -2.3778w + 50.389 Point O(36.8, -0.0444w 2 +0.6889w + 25.956, 0.0444w 2 -1.6889w + 37.244 Point P(51.7, -0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 21.633, 0.0667w 2 -1.8333w + 26.667 Point B’’(51.6, 0.0, -w + 48.4 Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9 Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7 Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, DC, and CM connecting the eight points respectively (excluding the points on the straight lines B’’D and CM), and The curve MW is Coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 -0.0391w + 0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w - 3.6422)x - 0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 58.103, 100 - w - x - y Represented by The curve WN is Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 +0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2-0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 +4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) represented by Curve NO is the coordinates (x, 0.0082x 2 +(0.0022w 2 - 0.0345w - 0.7521)x - 0.1307w 2 +2.0247w + 42.327, 100 - w - x - y) represented by Curve OP is the coordinates (x, (-0.0006258w 2 +0.0066w - 0.0153)x 2 +(0.0516w 2 - 0.5478w + 0.9894)x - 1.074w 2 +11.651w + 10.992, 100 - w - x - y) represented by

[0025] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 20th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 1st aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains CO2, and R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf, when the mass percentages of CO2, and R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf, based on their total sum, are w, and x, y and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram in which the total sum of R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < w ≤ 0.6, point G(-5.8333w 2 - 3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 - 1.4167w + 26.2, - 1.25w 2 +3.5834w + 51.6) point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, - 0.8333w 2 - 2.8333w + 40.6) Point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) is within the range of the figure surrounded by the curve GO connecting these three points respectively, and the straight lines OF and FG, or on the said line segment, and the curve GO is coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) represented by when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, point G(-5.8333w 2 - 3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 - 1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 + 3.5834w + 51.6) point N(18.2, 0.2778w 2 + 3.0w + 27.7, -0.2.778w 2 - 4.0w + 54.1) point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 + 1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 - 2.8333w + 40.6) point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) is within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves GN and NO connecting these four points respectively, and the straight lines OF and FG, or on the said line segment, and the curve GN is when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 - 0.0113w + 0.0313)x 2 + (-0.3582w 2 + 0.1624w - 1.4551)x + 2.7889w 2 + 3.7417w + 43.824, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve NO is when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (- 0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) represented by when 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, the point M(0.0, - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47) the point W(10.0, - 0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w 34.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578) the point N(18.2, - 0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54) the point O(36.8, - 0.1392w 2 + 1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 - 2.4381w + 38.725) the point F(36.6, - 3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5) the point C(0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, 0.0, - 0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) within the range or on the line segments enclosed by the curves MW, curve WN and curve NO, and the straight lines OF, straight line FC and straight line CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and the curve MW is the coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 - 0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 + (- 0.0493w 2 + 0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2+2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve WN is the coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (- 0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve NO is the coordinates (x, (- 0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 + (0.0375w 2 - 0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 + 6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, the point M(0.0, - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47) the point W(10.0, - 0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w + 34.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578) the point N(18.2, - 0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54) the point O(36.8, - 0.1392w 2 + 1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 - 2.4381w + 38.725) the point B’(36.6, 0.0, - w + 63.4) the point D(- 2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) the point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, - 0.1081w2 +4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segment of the figure surrounded by the curves MW, WN, and NO connecting the seven points respectively, and the straight lines OB’, B’D, DC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 - 0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 + (- 0.0493w 2 + 0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve WN is coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (- 0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) The curve NO is coordinates (x, (- 0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 + (0.0457w 2 - 0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 + 8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y) represented by When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, point M(0.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867) point W(10.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 - 2.1w + 50.733) point N(18.2, - 0.0889w 2 + 1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2-2.3778w + 50.389 Point O(36.8, -0.0444w 2 + 0.6889w + 25.956, 0.0444w 2 -1.6889w + 37.244) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, and NO, and the straight lines OB’, B’D, DC, and CM that connect these seven points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is Coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 -0.0391w + 0.1756)x 2 + (-0.0356w 2 + 0.4178w - 3.6422)x - 0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w + 58.103, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve WN is Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 + 0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 + (0.0556w 2 - 0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 + 4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) The curve NO is Coordinates (x, (0.0082x 2 + (0.0022w 2 - 0.0345w - 0.7521)x - 0.1307w 2 + 2.0247w + 42.327, 100 - w - x - y) represented by

[0026] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle from the 21st perspective is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle from the 1st perspective, where the refrigerant includes CO2, as well as R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47) point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w + 34.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578) point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54) point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w 2 - 4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 + 3.5746w + 49.884) point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW and WN, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM that connect these five points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and the curve MW is the coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 - 0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 + (-0.0493w 2 + 0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2+2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve WN is the coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (- 0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the point M(0.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w + 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867) the point W(10.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 - 2.1w + 50.733) the point N(18.2, - 0.0889w 2 + 1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 - 2.3778w + 50.389) the point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2 - 4.3556w + 31.411, - 0.0444w 2 + 3.3556w + 50.489) the point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3, - 0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves MW and WN, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM connecting these five points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and the curve MW is the coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 - 0.0391w + 0.1756)x 2 + (- 0.0356w 2 + 0.4178w - 3.6422)x - 0.0667w 2+0.8333w + 58.103, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve WN is the coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 + 0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 + (0.0556w 2 - 0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 + 4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by

[0027] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 22nd aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains at least trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (HFC-32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf).

[0028] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 23rd aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 22nd aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (HFC-32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), and the total concentration of these three components is 99.5% by mass or more with respect to the entire refrigerant, and the mass ratio of these three components is, in a triangular composition diagram having these three components as each vertex, point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2% by mass), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7% by mass), point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 10.1 / 18.0 / 71.9% by mass), and point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 27.8 / 18.0 / 54.2% by mass), It is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the four points.

[0029] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 24th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 22nd aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf, the total concentration of these three components is 99.5% by mass or more with respect to the entire refrigerant, and the mass ratio of these three components is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the four points: Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2% by mass), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7% by mass), Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 15.2 / 14.3 / 70.5% by mass), and Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 31.1 / 14.3 / 54.6% by mass). It is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the four points.

[0030] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 25th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 22nd aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf, the total concentration of these three components is 99.5% by mass or more with respect to the entire refrigerant, and the mass ratio of these three components is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the four points: Point P (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 45.6 / 1.0 / 53.4% by mass), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7% by mass), Point Q (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 24.8 / 74.2% by mass), Point R (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 29.2 / 69.8 mass%) and point S (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 6.5 / 29.2 / 64.3 mass%), is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these five points.

[0031] The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the 26th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of any one of the 23rd to 25th aspects, and the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf.

[0032] The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the 27th aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression section, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains at least HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf.

[0033] The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the 28th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the 27th aspect, the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf, and the total concentration of these three components is 99.5 mass% or more with respect to the entire refrigerant, and the mass ratio of these three components is, in a triangular composition diagram having these three components as each vertex, point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 57.0 / 42.0 mass%) and point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 24.1 / 33.4 mass%) It is within the range of the area surrounded by a figure passing through the following five points.

[0034] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 29th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 27th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf, the total concentration of these three components is 99.5% by mass or more with respect to the entire refrigerant, and the mass ratio of these three components is, in a triangular composition diagram having these three components as each vertex, point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5% by mass), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9% by mass), point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6% by mass), point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 52.2 / 46.8% by mass), and point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6% by mass) It is within the range of the area surrounded by a figure passing through the following five points.

[0035] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 30th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 28th aspect or the 29th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf, the total concentration of these three components is 99.5% by mass or more with respect to the entire refrigerant, and the mass ratio of these three components is, in a triangular composition diagram having these three components as each vertex, point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5% by mass), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9% by mass), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass %), Point H (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 35.2 / 63.8 mass %), Point I (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.4 / 29.8 / 42.8 mass %) and Point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass %) is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these 6 points.

[0036] The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the 31st aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of any one of the 28th to 30th aspects, and the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf.

[0037] The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the 32nd aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression section, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains at least HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0038] The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the 33rd aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the 32nd aspect, and the refrigerant is with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 35.0 to 65.0 mass %, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 65.0 to 35.0 mass %.

[0039] The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the 34th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for automobiles of the 32nd aspect, and the refrigerant is, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 53.5 mass %, The content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 46.5% by mass.

[0040] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 35th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 33rd or 34th aspect, wherein the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0041] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 36th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 32nd aspect, wherein the refrigerant is with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 40.5 to 49.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 59.5 to 50.8% by mass.

[0042] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 37th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 36th aspect, wherein the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0043] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 38th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 32nd aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, and with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 39.8% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 60.2% by mass.

[0044] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 39th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 32nd aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, and with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 37.9% by mass, The content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 62.1% by mass.

[0045] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 40th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 38th or 39th aspect, wherein the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0046] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 41st aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 32nd aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, and with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 21.0 to 28.4% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 79.0 to 71.6% by mass.

[0047] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 42nd aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 41st aspect, wherein the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0048] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 43rd aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 32nd aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, and with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 12.1 to 72.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 87.9 to 28.0% by mass.

[0049] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 44th aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains at least HFC-32, HFO-1234yf, and at least one of 1,1-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132a) and tetrafluoroethylene (FO-1114).

[0050] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 45th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFO-1132a.

[0051] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 46th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains 15.0 to 24.0% by mass of HFC-32 and 1.0 to 7.0% by mass of HFO-1132a, with the total amount of HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a being 100% by mass.

[0052] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 47th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains 19.5 to 23.5% by mass of HFC-32 and 3.1 to 3.7% by mass of HFO-1132a, with the total amount of HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a being 100% by mass.

[0053] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 48th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a. In the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf based on their total sum are x, y and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point R(21.80, 3.95, 74.25), at point S(21.80, 3.05, 75.15), and at point T(20.95, 75.30, 3.75), and are within the range of the triangle surrounded by the line segments RS, ST and TR connecting these three points respectively or on the said line segments.

[0054] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 49th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant is containing HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf based on their total are x, y and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are, point L(74.0, 19.9, 6.1), point F(49.1, 25.9, 25.0), point G(0.0, 48.6, 51.4), point O(0.0, 0.0, 100) and point B(73.9, 0.0, 26.1), within the range of the figure surrounded by or on the line segments LF, FG, GO, OB and BL connecting these five points respectively (excluding the line segments GO and OB), the line segment LF is, represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0021x 2 - 0.4975x + 45.264), the line segment FG is, represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0031x 2 - 0.6144x + 48.6), and, the line segments GO, OB and BL are straight lines.

[0055] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 50th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant, contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf based on their total are x, y and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are, point P(59.1, 23.2, 17.7), point F(49.1, 25.9, 25.0), Point G(0.0, 48.6, 51.4), point O(0.0, 0.0, 100) and point B’(59.0, 0.0, 40.2), within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments PF, FG, GO, OB’ and B’P connecting these five points respectively or on the said line segments (excluding the line segments GO and OB’), the said line segment PF is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0021x 2 - 0.4975x + 45.264), the said line segment FG is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0031x 2 - 0.6144x + 48.6), and the said line segments GO, OB’ and B’P are straight lines.

[0056] The refrigeration cycle device for a motor vehicle according to the 51st aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a motor vehicle according to the 44th aspect, the said refrigerant is composed of HFC - 32, HFO - 1234yf and HFO - 1132a, in the said refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC - 32, HFO - 1132a and HFO - 1234yf based on their total sum are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFC - 32, HFO - 1132a and HFO - 1234yf is 100 mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point M(74.0, 19.5, 6.5), point I(62.9, 15.5, 21.6), point J(33.5, 0.0, 66.5), and point B(73.9, 0.0, 26.1), within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments MI, IJ, JB and BM connecting these four points respectively or on the said line segments (excluding the line segment JB), the said line segment MI is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.006x 2 + 1.1837x - 35.264), the said line segment IJ is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0083x2 represented by -0.2719x - 0.1953, and the line segments JB and BM are straight lines.

[0057] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 52nd aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a, in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf based on their total are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point Q(59.1, 12.7, 28.2), point J(33.5, 0.0, 66.5), and point B'(59.0, 0.0, 40.2), within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments QJ, JB' and B'Q connecting these three points respectively or on the said line segments (excluding the line segment JB'), the line segment QJ is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0083x 2 -0.2719x - 0.1953), and the line segments JB' and B'Q are straight lines.

[0058] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 53rd aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 44th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a, and in the refrigerant, when the mass percentages of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf based on their total are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of HFC-32, HFO-1132a and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point Q(59.1, 12.7, 28.2), point U(59.0, 5.5, 35.5), and Point V(52.5, 8.4, 39.1), within or on the line segments QU, UV, and VQ that connect the three points respectively, the line segment VQ is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0083x 2 - 0.2719x - 0.1953), and the line segment UV is represented by the coordinates (y = 0.0026x 2 - 0.7385x + 39.946), the line segment QU is a straight line.

[0059] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 54th aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains at least difluoromethane (R32), carbon dioxide (CO2), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2 - tetrafluoroethane (R134a), and 2,3,3,3 - tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf).

[0060] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 55th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 54th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains difluoromethane (R32), carbon dioxide (CO2), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2 - tetrafluoroethane (R134a), and 2,3,3,3 - tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf), and when the mass% of R32 is a, the mass% of CO2 is b, the mass% of R125 is c1, the mass% of R134a is c2, the total mass% of R125 and R134a is c, the mass% of R1234yf is x, and c1 / (c1 + c2) is r, based on the sum of R32, CO2, R125, R134a, and R1234yf, in a ternary composition diagram with vertices at the point where R32 is (100 - x) mass%, the point where CO2 is (100 - x) mass%, and the point where the total of R125 and R134a is (100 - x) mass%, the coordinates (a, b, c) are When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - x, 0.0), Point O r=0.25~0.5 ((-2.2857x + 87.314)r 2 + (1.7143x - 55.886)r + (-0.9643x + 55.336), (2.2857x - 112.91)r 2 + (-1.7143x + 104.69)r + (-0.25x + 11.05), 100 - a - b - x), Point D r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, -28.8r 2 + 54.0r + (-x + 49.9), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) Is it within the range of the quadrilateral surrounded by the line segment connecting them or on the line segment (however, points on line segments D r=0.25~0.5 Q and QA are excluded), or 1 - 1 - 2) When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - c, 0.0), Point O r=0.5~1.0 ((-0.2857x + 8.5143)r 2 + (0.5x - 10.9) + (-0.8571x + 52.543), (-0.2857x + 4.5143)r 2 + (0.5x + 0.9)r + (-0.7143x + 33.586), 100 - a - b - x), Point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (-0.5714x + 12.229)r 2 + (0.8571x - 0.3429)r + (-1.2857x + 66.814), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) Is it within the range of the quadrilateral surrounded by the line segment connecting them or on the line segment (however, points on line segments D r=0.5~1.0 Q and QA are excluded), or 1 - 2 - 1) When 46.5 ≥ x ≥ 43.8 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - x, 0.0), Point O r=0.25~0.5 ((1.1852x - 64.711)r 2 + (-0.7407x + 51.644)r + (-0.5556x + 37.433), (-2.3704x + 91.022)r 2 + (2.0741x - 61.244)r + (-0.963x + 42.278), 100 - a - b - x), Point D r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, -28.8r 2 + 54.0r + (-x + 49.9), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) Is it within or on the line segment connecting the quadrilateral region surrounded by the line segments (however, points on the line segments D r=0.25~0.5 Q and QA are excluded), or 1 - 2 - 2) When 46.5 ≧ x ≧ 43 and 1.0 ≧ r ≧ 0.5, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - x, 0.0), Point O r=0.5~1.0 ((0.2963x - 16.978)r2 + (-0.3704x + 27.222)r + (-0.5185x + 37.711), -8.0r2 + 22.8r + (-0.5185x + 25.011), 100 - a - b - x), Point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, -12.8r 2 + 37.2r + (-x + 54.3), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) Is it within or on the line segment connecting the quadrilateral region surrounded by the line segments (however, points on the line segments D r=0.5~1.0 Q and QA are excluded), 1 - 3 - 1) When 50 ≧ x ≧ 46.5 and 0.5 ≧ r ≧ 0.25, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - x, 0.0), Point O r=0.25~0.5 (-9.6r 2 + 17.2r + (-0.6571x + 42.157), -19.2r 2+(0.2286x + 24.571)r + (-0.6286x + 26.729), 100 - a - b - x) Point D r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, (0.9143x - 71.314)r 2 +(-0.5714x + 80.571) + (-0.9143x + 45.914), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) Is it within the range of the quadrilateral surrounded by the line segment connecting them or on the line segment (however, points on the line segments D r=0.25~0.5 Q and QA are excluded), or 1 - 3 - 2) When 50 ≥ x ≥ 46.5 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, Point A(-0.6902x + 43.307, 100 - a - x, 0.0), Point O r=0.5~1.0 ((-0.2286x + 7.4286)r 2 +(0.4x - 8.6)r + (-0.8x + 50.8), (0.2286x - 18.629)r 2 +(-0.2857x + 36.086)r + (-0.4286x + 20.829), 100 - a - b - x), Point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (0.2286x - 23.429)r 2 +(-0.4x + 55.8)r + (-0.8286x + 46.329), 100 - b - x) and Point Q(0.0, 100 - x, 0.0) Is within the range of the quadrilateral surrounded by the line segment connecting them or on the line segment (however, points on the line segments D r=0.5~1.0 Q and QA are excluded).

[0061] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 56th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 54th aspect, The refrigerant is, R32, CO2, R125, R134a and R1234yf Including, Based on the sum of R32, CO2, R125, R134a, and R1234yf, let the mass percentage of R32 be a, the mass percentage of CO2 be b, the mass percentage of R125 be c1, the mass percentage of R134a be c2, the total mass percentage of R125 and R134a be c, and the mass percentage of R1234yf be x. When c1 / (c1 + c2) is r, In a ternary composition diagram with vertices at the point where R32 is (100 - x) mass%, the point where CO2 is (100 - x) mass%, and the point where the total of R125 and R134a is (100 - x) mass%, the coordinates (a, b, c) are 2 - 1 - 1) When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, Point F r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, (-1.1429x + 37.257)r 2 +(1.2857x - 38.714)r - (-1.7143x + 106.89), 100 - b - x), Point P r=0.25~0.5 ((-1.1429x + 34.057)r 2 +(1.0x - 21.0)r + (-0.4643x + 27.636), (2.2857x - 119.31)r 2 +(-2.0x + 122.0)r + (-0.3929x + 19.907), 100 - a - b - x) and Point D r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, -28.8r 2 +54.0r + (-x + 49.9), 100 - b - x) Is within or on the line segment connecting the triangle surrounded by the range or the line segment (however, the points on the line segment D r=0.25~0.5 F r=0.25~0.5 Excluding the points), or 2 - 1 - 2) When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, Point F r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (3.7143x - 159.49)r 2 +(-5.0714x + 222.53)r + (0.25x + 25.45), 100 - b - x), Point P r=0.5~1.0 ((3.4286x - 138.17)r 2+(-5.4286x + 203.57) + (1.6071x - 41.593), (-2.8571x + 106.74)r 2 +(4.5714x - 143.63)r + (-2.3929x + 96.027), 100 - a - b - x) and Point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (-0.5714x + 12.229)r 2 +(0.8571x - 0.3429)r + (-1.2857x + 66.814), 100 - b - x) Is it within the range of the triangle surrounded by the line segment connecting or on the line segment (however, points on the line segment D r=0.5~1.0 F r=0.5~1.0 Are excluded), or When 46.5 ≧ x ≧ 43 and 0.5 ≧ r ≧ 0.25, Point F r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, (9.4815x - 428.09)r 2 +(-7.1111x + 329.07)r + (-0.2593x + 43.156), 100 - b - x), Point P r=0.25~0.5 ((-8.2963x + 347.38)r 2 +(4.8889x - 191.33)r + (-0.963x + 49.478), (7.1111x - 330.67)r 2 +(-4.1481x + 216.09)r + (-0.2593x + 14.056), 100 - a - b - x) and Point D r=0.25~0.5 (0.0, -28.8r 2 +54.0r + (-x + 49.9), 100 - b - x) Is it within the range of the triangle surrounded by the line segment connecting or on the line segment (however, points on the line segment D r=0.25~0.5 F r=0.25~0.5 Are excluded), or When 46.5 ≧ x ≧ 43 and 1.0 ≧ r ≧ 0.5, Point F r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (-4.7407x + 210.84)r 2 +(6.963x - 304.58)r + (-3.7407x + 200.24), 100 - b - x), Point P r=0.5~1.0((0.2963x - 0.9778)r 2 +(0.2222x - 43.933)r + (-0.7778x + 62.867), (-0.2963x - 5.4222)r 2 +(-0.0741x + 59.844)r + (-0.4444x + 10.867), 100 - a - b - x) and point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, -12.8r 2 +37.2r + (-x + 54.3), 100 - b - x) Is it within or on the line segment connecting the triangle enclosed by the line segment (however, the points on the line segment D r=0.5~1.0 F r=0.5~1.0 Excluding the points above), or 2 - 3 - 1) When 50 ≧ x ≧ 46.5 and 0.37 ≧ r ≧ 0.25, point F r=0.25~0.37 (0.0, (-35.714x + 1744.0)r 2 +(23.333x - 1128.3)r + (-5.144x + 276.32), 100 - b - x), point P r=0.25~0.37 ((11.905x - 595.24)r 2 +(-7.6189x + 392.61)r + (0.9322x - 39.027), (-27.778x + 1305.6)r 2 +(17.46x - 796.35)r + (-3.5147x + 166.48), 100 - a - b - x) and point D r=0.25~0.37 (0.0, (0.9143x - 71.314)r 2 +(-0.5714x + 80.571) + (-0.9143x + 45.914), 100 - b - x) Is it within or on the line segment connecting the triangle enclosed by the line segment (however, the points on the line segment D r=0.25~0.37 F r=0.25~0.37 Excluding the points above), or 2 - 3 - 2) When 50 ≧ x ≧ 46.5 and 1.0 ≧ r ≧ 0.5, point F r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (2.2857x - 115.89)r 2+(-3.0857x + 162.69)r + (-0.3714x + 43.571), 100 - b - x) Point P r=0.5~1.0 ((-3.2x + 161.6)r 2 +(4.4571x - 240.86)r + (-2.0857x + 123.69), (2.5143x - 136.11)r 2 +(-3.3714x + 213.17)r + (0.5429x - 35.043), 100 - a - b - x) and Point D r=0.5~1.0 (0.0, (0.2286x - 23.429)r 2 +(-0.4x + 55.8)r + (-0.8286x + 46.329), 100 - b - x) within or on the line segment connecting them, within the range of the triangle surrounded by the line segment (however, excluding the points on the line segment D r=0.5~1.0 F r=0.5~1.0 ).

[0062] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 57th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 55th aspect or the 56th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains 99.5 mass% or more of the total of R32, CO2, R125, R134a, and R1234yf with respect to the entire refrigerant.

[0063] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 58th aspect includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an absorber. The refrigerant contains at least cis - 1,2 - difluoroethylene (HFO - 1132(Z)) and 2,3,3,3 - tetrafluoropropene (HFO - 1234yf).

[0064] The refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 59th aspect is the refrigeration cycle device for a vehicle according to the 58th aspect, wherein the refrigerant contains cis - 1,2 - difluoroethylene (HFO - 1132(Z)) and 2,3,3,3 - tetrafluoropropene (HFO - 1234yf), with respect to the total mass of HFO - 1132(Z) and HFO - 1234yf, the content ratio of HFO - 1132(Z) is 53.0 to 59.5 mass%, The content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 47.0 to 40.5% by mass.

[0065] The refrigeration cycle device for vehicles from the 60th perspective is the refrigeration cycle device for vehicles from the 59th perspective, wherein the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[0066] The refrigeration cycle device for vehicles from the 61st perspective is the refrigeration cycle device for vehicles from the 58th perspective, wherein the refrigerant contains cis-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(Z)) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(Z) is 41.0 to 49.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 59.0 to 50.8% by mass.

[0067] The refrigeration cycle device for vehicles from the 62nd perspective is the refrigeration cycle device for vehicles from the 61st perspective, wherein the refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[0068] The refrigeration cycle device for vehicles from the 63rd perspective is any one of the refrigeration cycle devices for vehicles from the 59th to 62nd perspectives, and is used as an alternative refrigerant for R134a, R22, R12, R404A, R407A, R407C, R407F, R407H, R410A, R413A, R417A, R422A, R422B, R422C, R422D, R423A, R424A, R426A, R427A, R428A, R430A, R434A, R437A, R438A, R448A, R449A, R449B, R449C, R450A, R452A, R452B, R454A, R452B, R454C, R455A, R465A, R502, R507, R513A, R513B, R515A or R515B.

[0069] The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles from the 64th perspective is the refrigeration cycle device for automobiles from the 58th to the 63rd perspectives, and contains at least one substance selected from the group consisting of water, a tracer, an ultraviolet fluorescent dye, a stabilizer, and a polymerization inhibitor.

[0070] The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles from the 65th perspective is the refrigeration cycle device for automobiles from the 58th to the 64th perspectives, and further contains refrigeration machine oil and is used as a working fluid for the refrigeration device.

[0071] The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles from the 66th perspective is the refrigeration cycle device for automobiles from the 65th perspective, and the refrigeration machine oil contains at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyalkylene glycol (PAG), polyol ester (POE), and polyvinyl ether (PVE).

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0072]

Figure 1A

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MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0073] (1) (1-1) Definition of Terms In this specification, the term "refrigerant" includes at least compounds with a refrigerant number starting with R (ASHRAE number) defined by ISO817 (International Organization for Standardization) to represent the type of refrigerant. Further, even if the refrigerant number has not been assigned yet, those having characteristics equivalent to those of these refrigerants are included. Refrigerants are roughly classified into "fluorocarbon-based compounds" and "non-fluorocarbon-based compounds" in terms of the structure of the compounds. "Fluorocarbon-based compounds" include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Examples of "non-fluorocarbon-based compounds" include propane (R290), propylene (R1270), butane (R600), isobutane (R600a), carbon dioxide (R744), and ammonia (R717).

[0074] As used herein, the term "composition containing a refrigerant" includes at least (1) the refrigerant itself (including mixtures of refrigerants), (2) a composition that further contains other components and can be used to obtain a refrigerant composition for use as a refrigerant working fluid by mixing with at least refrigeration oil, and (3) a refrigerant working fluid containing refrigeration oil. In this specification, among these three aspects, the composition of (2) is referred to as a "refrigerant composition" to distinguish it from the refrigerant itself (including mixtures of refrigerants). Further, the refrigerant working fluid of (3) is referred to as a "refrigerant composition containing working fluid" to distinguish it from the "refrigerant composition".

[0075] As used herein, the term "substitute" when used in the context of "substituting" a first refrigerant with a second refrigerant, as a first type, in equipment designed to operate using the first refrigerant, means that the second refrigerant can be used to operate under optimal conditions through only minor component changes (at least one of refrigeration oil, gaskets, packings, expansion valves, driers, and other components) and equipment adjustment as necessary. That is, this type refers to operating the same equipment with a "substituted" refrigerant. As aspects of this type of "substitute", in ascending order of the degree of change or adjustment required during replacement with the second refrigerant, there can be "drop in substitute", "nealy drop in substitute", and "retrofit".

[0076] As a second type, using equipment designed to operate using a second refrigerant, equipped with the second refrigerant for the same use as the existing use of the first refrigerant, is also included in the term "substitute". This type refers to providing the same use with a "substituted" refrigerant.

[0077] As used herein, the term "refrigerator" refers to a general device that removes heat from an object or space to a temperature lower than the ambient outside air and maintains this low temperature. In other words, a refrigerator refers to a conversion device that obtains energy from the outside, performs work, and converts energy in order to transfer heat from a lower temperature to a higher temperature.

[0078] In the present disclosure, when a refrigerant is "non-flammable", it means that in the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard of the United States, the WCF (Worst case of formulation for flammability) composition, which is the most flammable composition among the refrigerant allowable concentrations, is determined to be "Class 1".

[0079] As used herein, when a refrigerant is "weakly flammable", it means that in the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard of the United States, the WCF composition is determined to be "Class 2".

[0080] In the present disclosure, when a refrigerant is "ASHRAE non-flammable", it refers to the case where the WCF composition or the WCFF composition can be specified as non-flammable in a test based on the measuring device and measuring method of ASTM E681-2009 [Standard Test Method for Flammability Limits of Chemicals (Vapors and Gases)], and is classified into "Class 1 ASHRAE non-flammable (WCF non-flammable)" or "Class 1 ASHRAE non-flammable (WCFF non-flammable)", respectively. The WCFF composition (Worst case of fractionation for flammability: the most flammable mixed composition) is specified by conducting a leakage test during storage, transportation, and use based on ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013.

[0081] As used herein, when a refrigerant is "slightly flammable", it means that in the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard of the United States, the WCF composition is determined to be "Class 2L".

[0082] As used herein, "Temperature Glide" can be rephrased as the absolute value of the difference between the starting temperature and the ending temperature of the phase change process of the composition containing the refrigerant of the present disclosure within the components of the thermal cycle system.

[0083] As used herein, "vehicle-mounted air conditioner" refers to a type of refrigeration device used in vehicles such as gasoline vehicles, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and hydrogen vehicles. A vehicle-mounted air conditioner refers to a refrigeration device consisting of a refrigeration cycle in which heat exchange is performed between a liquid refrigerant in an evaporator, the evaporated refrigerant gas is sucked into a compressor, the adiabatically compressed refrigerant gas is cooled and liquefied in a condenser, and then adiabatically expanded by passing through an expansion valve and then supplied again as a liquid refrigerant to the evaporator.

[0084] As used herein, "turbo chiller" refers to a type of large chiller. A turbo chiller refers to a refrigeration device consisting of a refrigeration cycle in which heat exchange is performed between a liquid refrigerant in an evaporator, the evaporated refrigerant gas is sucked into a centrifugal compressor, the adiabatically compressed refrigerant gas is cooled and liquefied in a condenser, and then adiabatically expanded by passing through an expansion valve and then supplied again as a liquid refrigerant to the evaporator. The above "large chiller" refers to a large air conditioner for the purpose of air conditioning in a building unit.

[0085] As used herein, "saturation pressure" means the pressure of saturated vapor.

[0086] As used herein, "discharge temperature" means the temperature of the mixed refrigerant at the discharge port of the compressor.

[0087] As used herein, "evaporation pressure" means the saturation pressure at the evaporation temperature.

[0088] As used herein, "critical temperature" means the temperature at the critical point, which means the boundary temperature below which a gas cannot be liquefied even when compressed.

[0089] In this specification, GWP means a value based on the value in the 4th report of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change).

[0090] In this specification, the description of "mass ratio" is synonymous with the description of "composition ratio".

[0091] (1-2) Refrigerant Although details will be described later, any one of Refrigerant 1A, Refrigerant 1B, Refrigerant 1C, Refrigerant 1D, Refrigerant 1E, Refrigerant 2A, Refrigerant 2B, Refrigerant 2C, Refrigerant 2D, and Refrigerant 2E of the present disclosure (which may be referred to as "the refrigerant of the present disclosure") can be used as the refrigerant.

[0092] (1-3) Refrigerant composition The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure contains at least the refrigerant of the present disclosure and can be used for the same applications as the refrigerant of the present disclosure. Further, the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure can be used to obtain a refrigerant working fluid by mixing it with at least refrigeration machine oil.

[0093] The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure contains, in addition to the refrigerant of the present disclosure, at least one other component. The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain at least one of the following other components as needed. As described above, when the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure is used as a working fluid in a refrigerator, it is usually mixed with at least refrigeration machine oil and used. Therefore, the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure preferably does not substantially contain refrigeration machine oil. Specifically, the content of refrigeration machine oil in the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure is preferably 0 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0 to 0.1% by mass, based on the entire refrigerant composition.

[0094] (1-3-1) Water The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain a small amount of water. The water content in the refrigerant composition is preferably 0.1% by mass or less based on the entire refrigerant. When the refrigerant composition contains a small amount of moisture, the intramolecular double bond of the unsaturated fluorocarbon-based compound that can be contained in the refrigerant is stabilized, and the oxidation of the unsaturated fluorocarbon-based compound is also less likely to occur, thus improving the stability of the refrigerant composition.

[0095] (1-3-2) Tracer The tracer is added to the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure at a detectable concentration so that when the refrigerant composition of the present disclosure is diluted, contaminated, or otherwise changed, the change can be traced.

[0096] The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as a tracer.

[0097] The tracer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from generally used tracers.

[0098] Examples of the tracer include hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorocarbons, fluorocarbons, deuterated hydrocarbons, deuterated hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, fluoroethers, brominated compounds, iodinated compounds, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, nitrous oxide (N2O), etc. As the tracer, hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorocarbons, fluorocarbons, and fluoroethers are particularly preferred.

[0099] The following compounds are preferred as the tracer. FC-14 (tetrafluoromethane, CF4) HCC-40 (chloromethane, CH3Cl) HFC-23 (trifluoromethane, CHF3) HFC-41 (fluoromethane, CH3Cl) HFC-125 (Pentafluoroethane, CF3CHF2) HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, CF3CH2F) HFC-134 (1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane, CHF2CHF2) HFC-143a (1,1,1-Trifluoroethane, CF3CH3) HFC-143 (1,1,2-Trifluoroethane, CHF2CH2F) HFC-152a (1,1-Difluoroethane, CHF2CH3) HFC-152 (1,2-Difluoroethane, CH2FCH2F) HFC-161 (Fluoroethane, CH3CH2F) HFC-245fa (1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropane, CF3CH2CHF2) HFC-236fa (1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropane, CF3CH2CF3) HFC-236ea (1,1,1,2,3,3-Hexafluoropropane, CF3CHFCHF2) HFC-227ea (1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane, CF3CHFCF3) HCFC-22 (Chlorodifluoromethane, CHClF2) HCFC-31 (Chlorofluoromethane, CH2ClF) CFC-1113 (Chlorotrifluoroethylene, CF2=CClF) HFE-125 (Trifluoromethyl-difluoromethyl ether, CF3OCHF2) HFE-134a (Trifluoromethyl-fluoromethyl ether, CF3OCH2F) HFE-143a (Trifluoromethyl-methyl ether, CF3OCH3) HFE-227ea (Trifluoromethyl-tetrafluoroethyl ether, CF3OCHFCF3) HFE-236fa (Trifluoromethyl-trifluoroethyl ether, CF3OCH2CF3)

[0100] The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain a total of about 10 parts per million by weight (ppm) to about 1000 ppm of a tracer, based on the entire refrigerant composition. The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may preferably contain a total of about 30 ppm to about 500 ppm, more preferably about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm of a tracer, based on the entire refrigerant composition.

[0101] (1-3-3) Ultraviolet fluorescent dye The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as an ultraviolet fluorescent dye.

[0102] The ultraviolet fluorescent dye is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from commonly used ultraviolet fluorescent dyes.

[0103] Examples of the ultraviolet fluorescent dye include naphthalimide, coumarin, anthracene, phenanthrene, xanthene, thioxanthene, naphthoxanthene, and fluorescein, and derivatives thereof. As the ultraviolet fluorescent dye, either or both of naphthalimide and coumarin are particularly preferable.

[0104] (1-3-4) Stabilizer The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as a stabilizer.

[0105] The stabilizer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from commonly used stabilizers.

[0106] Examples of the stabilizer include nitro compounds, ethers, and amines.

[0107] Examples of the nitro compound include aliphatic nitro compounds such as nitromethane and nitroethane, and aromatic nitro compounds such as nitrobenzene and nitrostyrene.

[0108] Examples of the ether include 1,4-dioxane.

[0109] Examples of the amines include 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylamine, diphenylamine, and the like.

[0110] Other examples include butylhydroxyxylene, benzotriazole, and the like.

[0111] The content ratio of the stabilizer is not particularly limited, and is usually preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 2% by mass, based on the entire refrigerant.

[0112] (1-3-5) Polymerization inhibitor The refrigerant composition of the present disclosure may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as a polymerization inhibitor.

[0113] The polymerization inhibitor is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from commonly used polymerization inhibitors.

[0114] Examples of the polymerization inhibitor include 4-methoxy-1-naphthol, hydroquinone, hydroquinone methyl ether, dimethyl-t-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, benzotriazole, and the like.

[0115] The content ratio of the polymerization inhibitor is not particularly limited, and is usually preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 2% by mass, based on the entire refrigerant.

[0116] (1-4) Refrigerating machine oil-containing working fluid The refrigerating machine oil-containing working fluid of the present disclosure includes at least the refrigerant or refrigerant composition of the present disclosure and refrigerating machine oil, and is used as a working fluid in a refrigerating machine. Specifically, the refrigerating machine oil-containing working fluid of the present disclosure is obtained by mixing the refrigerating machine oil used in the compressor of the refrigerating machine with the refrigerant or refrigerant composition. Generally, the refrigerating machine oil is contained in the refrigerating machine oil-containing working fluid at 10 to 50% by mass.

[0117] (1-4-1) Refrigerant oil The composition of the present disclosure may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as refrigerant oil.

[0118] The refrigerant oil is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from commonly used refrigerant oils. In that case, if necessary, a refrigerant oil that is more excellent in terms of improving the miscibility with the mixture and the stability of the mixture can be appropriately selected.

[0119] As the base oil of the refrigerant oil, at least one selected from the group consisting of polyalkylene glycol (PAG), polyol ester (POE), and polyvinyl ether (PVE) is preferable.

[0120] The refrigerant oil may further contain an additive in addition to the base oil. The additive may be at least one selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, an extreme pressure agent, an acid scavenger, an oxygen scavenger, a copper deactivator, a rust inhibitor, an oiliness agent, and an antifoaming agent.

[0121] As the refrigerant oil, those having a kinematic viscosity at 40 °C of 5 to 400 cSt are preferable in terms of lubrication.

[0122] The refrigerant oil-containing working fluid of the present disclosure may further contain at least one additive as necessary. Examples of the additive include the following compatibilizers.

[0123] (1-4-2) Compatibilizer The refrigerant oil-containing working fluid of the present disclosure may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as a compatibilizer.

[0124] The compatibilizer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from commonly used compatibilizers.

[0125] Examples of the compatibilizer include polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers, amides, nitriles, ketones, chlorocarbons, esters, lactones, aryl ethers, fluoroethers, 1,1,1-trifluoroalkanes, etc. As the compatibilizer, polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers are particularly preferred.

[0126] (1-5) Various refrigerants 1 Hereinafter, refrigerants 1A to 1E, which are refrigerants used in the present disclosure, will be described in detail.

[0127] Note that the descriptions of the following refrigerants 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, and 1E are independent of each other, and the alphabets indicating points and line segments, the numbers of examples, and the numbers of comparative examples are all independent of each other among refrigerants 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, and 1E. For example, Example 1 of refrigerant 1A and Example 1 of refrigerant 1B show examples of different embodiments.

[0128] (1-5-1) Refrigerant 1A The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is a mixed refrigerant containing trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).

[0129] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has refrigerating capacity and coefficient of performance equivalent to those of R410A, and has desirable characteristics as an R410A alternative refrigerant, such as a sufficiently small GWP.

[0130] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is a composition containing HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, and optionally HFO-1123, and may further satisfy the following requirements. This refrigerant 1A also has refrigerating capacity and coefficient of performance equivalent to those of R410A, and has desirable characteristics as an R410A alternative refrigerant, such as a sufficiently small GWP.

[0131] Requirements: When the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point D(87.6, 0.0, 12.4), point G(18.2, 55.1, 26.7), point H(56.7, 43.3, 0.0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OD, DG, GH, and HO connecting these four points respectively or on the line segments OD, DG, and GH (excluding points O and H), the line segment DG is coordinates (0.0047y 2 -1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 + 0.5177y + 12.402) represented by the line segment GH is coordinates (-0.0134z 2 -1.0825z + 56.692, 0.0134z 2 + 0.0825z + 43.308, z) represented by, and the line segments HO and OD are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% or more based on R410A and a COP ratio of 92.5% or more based on R410A.

[0132] When the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point L(72.5, 10.2, 17.3), point G(18.2, 55.1, 26.7), point H(56.7, 43.3, 0.0) and Point I (72.5, 27.5, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments LG, GH, HI, and IL connecting the four points respectively, or on the line segments LG, GH, and IL (excluding points H and I), The line segment LG is coordinates (0.0047y 2 -1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 +0.5177y + 12.402) represented by The line segment GH is coordinates (-0.0134z 2 -1.0825z + 56.692, 0.0134z 2 +0.0825z + 43.308, z) represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments HI and IL are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% or more based on R410A, and a COP ratio of 92.5% or more based on R410A. Furthermore, it shows slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0133] In the ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO - 1132(E), HFO - 1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, with the mass percentages of HFO - 1132(E), HFO - 1123, and R1234yf based on their total being x, y, and z respectively, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has coordinates (x, y, z) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OD, DE, EF, and FO connecting the four points respectively, or on the line segments OD, DE, and EF (excluding points O and F), Point D (87.6, 0.0, 12.4), Point E (31.1, 42.9, 26.0), Point F (65.5, 34.5, 0.0) and Point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0) The line segment DE is coordinates (0.0047y 2-1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 + 0.5177y + 12.402) is represented by the line segment EF is coordinates (-0.0064z 2 -1.1565z + 65.501, 0.0064z 2 + 0.1565z + 34.499, z) is represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments FO and OD are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 93.5% or more based on R410A, and a COP ratio of 93.5% or more based on R410A.

[0134] For the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point L(72.5, 10.2, 17.3), point E(31.1, 42.9, 26.0), point F(65.5, 34.5, 0.0) and point I(72.5, 27.5, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments LE, EF, FI, and IL connecting these four points respectively, or on the line segments LE, EF, and IL (excluding points F and I), the line segment LE is coordinates (0.0047y 2 -1.5177y + 87.598, y, -0.0047y 2 + 0.5177y + 12.402) is represented by the line segment EF is coordinates (-0.0134z 2 -1.0825z + 56.692, 0.0134z 2 + 0.0825z + 43.308, z) is represented by, and It is preferable that the line segments FI and IL are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 93.5% or more based on R410A, a COP ratio of 93.5% or more based on R410A, and further exhibits slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0135] For the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf are x, y, and z respectively, in the three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A(93.4, 0.0, 6.6), point B(55.6, 26.6, 17.8), point C(77.6, 22.4, 0.0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OA, AB, BC, and CO connecting these four points respectively, or on the line segments OA, AB, and BC (however, excluding point O and point C), the line segment AB is coordinates (0.0052y 2 -1.5588y + 93.385, y, -0.0052y 2 +0. 5588y + 6.615) represented by, the line segment BC is coordinates (-0.0032z 2 -1.1791z + 77.593, 0.0032z 2 +0.1791z + 22.407, z) represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments CO and OA are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more based on R410A, and a COP ratio of 95% or more based on R410A.

[0136] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is such that in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, with the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on this sum being x, y, and z respectively, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range or on the line segments of the figure surrounded by the line segments KB, BJ, and JK that connect the three points of point K(72.5, 14.1, 13.4), point B(55.6, 26.6, 17.8), and point J(72.5, 23.2, 4.3) respectively. The line segment KB is represented by the coordinates (0.0052y 2 - 1.5588y + 93.385, y, -0.0052y 2 + 0.5588y + 6.615), and the line segment BJ is represented by the coordinates (-0.0032z 2 - 1.1791z + 77.593, 0.0032z 2 + 0.1791z + 22.407, z), and preferably, the line segment JK is a straight line. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more and a COP ratio of 95% or more based on R410A, and further exhibits slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0137] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure may further contain difluoromethane (R32) in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics and effects. The content ratio of R32 with respect to the whole of the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. For example, when the content ratio of R32 with respect to the whole of the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is 21.8% by mass, the GWP of this mixed refrigerant is 150, so the content ratio of R32 can be made less than or equal to that. The content ratio of R32 with respect to the whole of the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure may be, for example, 5% by mass or more.

[0138] In addition to HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf, when the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure further contains R32, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based on their total sum are x, y, z, and a, respectively, in the ternary composition diagram (Figs. 1C to 1I) where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < a ≤ 10.0, point A(0.02a 2 -2.46a + 93.4, 0, -0.02a 2 +2.46a + 6.6), point B'(-0.008a 2 -1.38a + 56, 0.018a 2 -0.53a + 26.3, -0.01a 2 +1.91a + 17.7), point C(-0.016a 2 +1.02a + 77.6, 0.016a 2 -1.02a + 22.4, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (however, excluding points O and C), when 10.0 < a ≤ 16.5, point A(0.0244a 2 -2.5695a + 94.056, 0, -0.0244a 2 +2.5695a + 5.944), point B'(0.1161a 2 -1.9959a + 59.749, 0.014a 2 -0.3399a + 24.8, -0.1301a 2 +2.3358a + 15.451), point C(-0.0161a 2 +1.02a + 77.6, 0.0161a 2 -1.02a + 22.4, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting the four points respectively, or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (excluding the points O and C), or when 16.5 < a ≤ 21.8, point A(0.0161a 2 -2.3535a + 92.742, 0, -0.0161a 2 + 2.3535a + 7.258), point B'(-0.0435a 2 -0.0435a + 50.406, -0.0304a 2 + 1.8991a - 0.0661, 0.0739a 2 -1.8556a + 49.6601), point C(-0.0161a 2 + 0.9959a + 77.851, 0.0161a 2 - 0.9959a + 22.149, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) it can be within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting the four points respectively, or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (excluding the points O and C). Note that in the three-component composition diagram, when the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95% and the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% at point B, point B' is the intersection point of the approximate straight line connecting the points where the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% and the straight line AB. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A of 95% or more and a COP ratio based on R410A of 95% or more.

[0139] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure may further contain other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 within the range that does not impair the above characteristics and effects. In this regard, it is preferable that the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 in the refrigerant 1A accounts for 99.5% by mass or more, more preferably 99.75% by mass or more, and even more preferably 99.9% by mass or more of the entire refrigerant 1A.

[0140] Further, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure may contain 99.5% by mass or more, 99.75% by mass or more, or even 99.9% by mass or more of the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf with respect to the entire refrigerant 1A.

[0141] Further, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure may contain 99.5% by mass or more, 99.75% by mass or more, or even 99.9% by mass or more of the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 with respect to the entire refrigerant 1A.

[0142] The additional refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the additional refrigerant.

[0143] The refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

[0144] (Examples of Refrigerant 1A) Examples of the refrigerant 1A are given below for a more detailed description. However, the refrigerant 1A of the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0145] A mixed refrigerant was prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf at the mass percentages shown in Tables 1 to 5 respectively based on their total sum.

[0146] For each of these mixed refrigerants, the COP ratio and the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410 were determined respectively. The calculation conditions were as follows.

[0147] Evaporation temperature: 5°C Condensation temperature: 45°C Superheat degree: 1 K Subcooling degree; 5 K E comp (Compression work): 0.7 kWh

[0148] These values are shown in Tables 1 to 5 together with the GWPs for each of the mixed refrigerants.

[0149]

Table 1

[0150]

Table 2

[0151]

Table 3

[0152]

Table 4

[0153]

Table 5

[0154] From these results, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum are denoted as x, y, and z, respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point D(87.6, 0.0, 12.4), point G(18.2, 55.1, 26.7), point H(56.7, 43.3, 0.0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) When it is within the range of the figure (Figure 1B) surrounded by the line segments OD, DG, GH, and HO connecting the four points respectively, or on the line segments OD, DG, and GH (excluding the points O and H), it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 92.5% or more, and the COP ratio based on R410A is 92.5% or more.

[0155] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are point D(87.6, 0.0, 12.4), point E(31.1, 42.9, 26.0), point F(65.5, 34.5, 0.0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) When it is within the range of the figure (Figure 1B) surrounded by the line segments OD, DE, EF, and FO connecting the four points respectively, or on the line segments OD, DE, and EF (excluding the points O and F), it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 93.5% or more, and the COP ratio based on R410A is 93.5% or more.

[0156] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A(93.4, 0.0, 6.6), point B(55.6, 26.6, 17.8), point C(77.6, 22.4, 0.0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) When it is within the range of the figure (Figure 1B) surrounded by the line segments OA, AB, BC, and CO connecting the four points respectively, or on the line segments OA, AB, and BC (excluding the points O and C), it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95% or more, and the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% or more.

[0157] In these compositions, R1234yf contributes to suppressing deterioration such as reduction in flammability and polymerization, and it is preferably included.

[0158] Furthermore, for each of these mixed refrigerants, the combustion speed was measured in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard. Those with a combustion speed of 10 cm / s or less were classified as "Class 2L (slightly flammable)". From these results, it became clear that in the case of the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf, when HFO-1132(E) is contained at 72.5 mass% or less based on the sum of these, it can be judged as "Class 2L (slightly flammable)".

[0159] Note that the combustion speed test was conducted as follows using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1A. First, the mixed refrigerant used had a purity of 99.5% or more, and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was visible on the vacuum gauge. The combustion speed was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was carried out by generating an electrical spark between the electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 to 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using Schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passes was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The Schlieren image of the flame was recorded with a high-speed digital video camera at a framing speed of 600 fps and saved to a PC.

[0160] Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 at the mass percentages shown in Tables 6 to 12 respectively, based on the sum of these.

[0161] For each of these mixed refrigerants, the COP ratio and refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A were determined respectively. The calculation conditions were the same as described above. These values are shown in Tables 6 to 12 together with the GWP for each mixed refrigerant.

[0162]

Table 6

[0163]

Table 7

[0164]

Table 8

[0165]

Table 9

[0166]

Table 10

[0167]

Table 11

[0168]

Table 12

[0169] From these results, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based on their total sum are x, y, z, and a, respectively, in the ternary composition diagrams (Figs. 1C to 1I) where the total sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are when 0 < a ≤ 10.0, point A(0.02a 2 -2.46a + 93.4, 0, -0.02a 2 +2.46a + 6.6), point B'(-0.008a 2 -1.38a + 56, 0.018a 2 -0.53a + 26.3, -0.01a 2 +1.91a + 17.7), point C(-0.016a 2+1.02a + 77.6, 0.016a 2 -1.02a + 22.4, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively, or on the straight lines OA, AB’, and B’C (excluding points O and C), when 10.0 < a ≤ 16.5, point A(0.0244a 2 -2.5695a + 94.056, 0, -0.0244a 2 +2.5695a + 5.944), point B’(0.1161a 2 -1.9959a + 59.749, 0.014a 2 -0.3399a + 24.8, -0.1301a 2 +2.3358a + 15.451), point C(-0.0161a 2 +1.02a + 77.6, 0.0161a 2 -1.02a + 22.4, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting these four points respectively, or on the straight lines OA, AB’, and B’C (excluding points O and C), or when 16.5 < a ≤ 21.8, point A(0.0161a 2 -2.3535a + 92.742, 0, -0.0161a 2 +2.3535a + 7.258), point B’(-0.0435a 2 -0.0435a + 50.406, -0.0304a 2 +1.8991a - 0.0661, 0.0739a 2 -1.8556a + 49.6601), point C(-0.0161a 2 +0.9959a + 77.851, 0.0161a 2 -0.9959a + 22.149, 0) and point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0) The refrigerant of the present disclosure that is within the range of the figure surrounded by the straight lines connecting the four points respectively, or on the straight lines OA, AB', and B'C (excluding the points O and C), is found to have a refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A of 95% or more and a COP ratio based on R410A of 95% or more.

[0170] Note that FIGS. 1C to 1I respectively represent the compositions when the R32 content ratio a (mass %) is 0 mass %, 5 mass %, 10 mass %, 14.3 mass %, 16.5 mass %, 19.2 mass %, and 21.8 mass % in order.

[0171] Note that the point B' is the intersection of the approximate straight line connecting three points including the point C where the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% and the straight line AB, assuming that in the ternary composition diagram, the point where the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95% and the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% is the point B.

[0172] The points A, B', and C were respectively obtained as follows by approximate calculation.

[0173] The point A is the point where the HFO-1123 content ratio is 0 mass % and the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95%. For the point A, three points were obtained for each of the following three ranges by calculation, and these approximate formulas were obtained.

[0174]

Table 13

[0175] The point C is the point where the R1234yf content ratio is 0 mass % and the COP ratio based on R410A is 95%. For the point C, three points were obtained for each of the following three ranges by calculation, and these approximate formulas were obtained.

[0176]

Table 14

[0177] Regarding point B’, three points were obtained for each of the following three ranges by calculation, and approximate expressions for these were obtained.

[0178]

Table 15

[0179] (1-5-2) Refrigerant 1B The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure contains 99.5 mass% or more of the total of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 with respect to the whole of the refrigerant 1B, and contains 62.5 mass% to 72.5 mass% of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the whole of the refrigerant 1B, and is a mixed refrigerant.

[0180] The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure has desirable characteristics as an R410A alternative refrigerant, namely, (1) having a coefficient of performance equivalent to that of R410A, (2) having a refrigerating capacity equivalent to that of R410A, (3) having a sufficiently small GWP, and (4) being slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0181] The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure is particularly preferable because it becomes slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard as long as it is a mixed refrigerant containing 72.5 mass% or less of HFO-1132(E).

[0182] The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure is more preferably a mixed refrigerant containing 62.5 mass% or more of HFO-1132(E). In this case, the refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure has a more excellent coefficient of performance ratio based on R410A, and the polymerization reaction of HFO-1132(E) and / or HFO-1123 is more suppressed, resulting in more excellent stability.

[0183] The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure may further contain other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123, as long as the above characteristics and effects are not impaired. In this regard, it is more preferable that the refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure contains 99.75% by mass or more, and even more preferably 99.9% by mass or more, of the total of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 with respect to the entire refrigerant 1B.

[0184] The additional refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the additional refrigerant.

[0185] The refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to HFC refrigerants such as R410A, R407C, and R404A, and HCFC refrigerants such as R22.

[0186] (Examples of Refrigerant 1B) Examples of the refrigerant 1B are given below for a more detailed description. However, the refrigerant 1B of the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0187] A mixed refrigerant was prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 at the mass percentages (mass%) shown in Tables 16 and 17, respectively, based on the sum of these.

[0188] The GWP of the composition containing the R410A (R32 = 50% / R125 = 50%) mixture was evaluated based on the values in the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) Fourth Assessment Report. Although there is no description of the GWP of HFO-1132(E), its GWP was assumed to be 1 based on HFO-1132a (GWP = 1 or less) and HFO-1123 (GWP = 0.3, described in Patent Document 1). The refrigerating capacity of the composition containing R410A, HFO-1132(E), and HFO-1123 was determined by performing a theoretical calculation of the refrigeration cycle of the mixed refrigerant under the following conditions using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0). Evaporation temperature: 5°C Condensation temperature: 45°C Superheat temperature: 1 K Subcooling temperature: 5 K Compressor efficiency: 70%

[0189] Also, the GWP, COP, and refrigerating capacity calculated based on these results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Note that the specific COP and specific refrigerating capacity indicate the ratios relative to R410A.

[0190] The coefficient of performance (COP) was determined by the following formula. COP = (refrigerating capacity or heating capacity) / power consumption

[0191] Also, the flammability was measured for the combustion rate in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard. Those with a combustion rate of 10 cm / s or less were defined as "Class 2L (slightly flammable).

[0192] The combustion rate test was conducted as follows using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1A. First, the mixed refrigerant used had a purity of 99.5% or higher, and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was visible on the vacuum gauge. The combustion rate was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was carried out by generating an electrical spark between the electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The discharge duration was set to 1.0 - 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 - 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using Schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passes was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The Schlieren images of the flame were recorded with a high-speed digital video camera at a framing rate of 600 fps and saved to a PC.

[0193]

Table 16

[0194]

Table 17

[0195] When the composition contains HFO - 1132(E) in an amount of 62.5 mass% to 72.5 mass% based on the total amount of the composition, it has a low GWP of GWP = 1, is stable, ensures ASHRAE flammability 2L, and furthermore, surprisingly, can ensure performance equivalent to that of R410A.

[0196] (1 - 5 - 3) Refrigerant 1C The refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure is a mixed refrigerant containing HFO - 1132(E), R32, and 2,3,3,3 - tetrafluoro - 1 - propene (R1234yf).

[0197] The refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure has cooling capacity equivalent to that of R410A, has a sufficiently small GWP, and is slightly flammable (2L class) according to ASHRAE standards, and thus has desirable characteristics as an R410A alternative refrigerant.

[0198] When the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf in the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure are x, y, and z respectively based on the sum of these, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A(71.1, 0.0, 28.9), point C(36.5, 18.2, 45.3), point F(47.6, 18.3, 34.1) and point D(72.0, 0.0, 28.0) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments AC, CF, FD, and DA connecting these four points respectively or on the said line segments, the said line segment AC is coordinates (0.0181y 2 -2.2288y + 71.096, y, -0.0181y 2 + 1.2288y + 28.904) represented by, the said line segment FD is coordinates (0.02y 2 -1.7y + 72, y, -0.02y 2 + 0.7y + 28) represented by, and it is preferable that the said line segments CF and DA are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or more based on R410A, a GWP of 125 or less, and is slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0199] When the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf in the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure are x, y, and z respectively based on the sum of these, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A(71.1, 0.0, 28.9), point B(42.6, 14.5, 42.9), point E(51.4, 14.6, 34.0) and Point D(72.0, 0.0, 28.0) within or on the line segments enclosing the figure formed by connecting the four points with line segments AB, BE, ED, and DA respectively, The line segment AB is coordinates (0.0181y 2 -2.2288y + 71.096, y, -0.0181y 2 +1.2288y + 28.904) represented by The line segment ED is coordinates (0.02y 2 -1.7y + 72, y, -0.02y 2 +0.7y + 28) represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments BE and DA are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or more based on R410A, a GWP of 100 or less, and is slightly flammable (2L class) according to ASHRAE standards.

[0200] In the ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO - 1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, when the mass percentages based on the total of these are x, y, and z respectively for the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point G(77.5, 6.9, 15.6), point I(55.1, 18.3, 26.6) and point J(77.5, 18.4, 4.1) within or on the figure enclosed by the line segments GI, IJ, and JK connecting these three points respectively, and the line segment GI is coordinates (0.02y 2 -2.4583y + 93.396, y, -0.02y 2 +1.4583y + 6.604) represented by, and It is preferable that the line segments IJ and JK are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more, a GWP of 100 or less, and is less likely to undergo changes such as polymerization and decomposition, and has excellent stability, based on R410A.

[0201] For the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point G(77.5, 6.9, 15.6), at point H(61.8, 14.6, 23.6) and at point K(77.5, 14.6, 7.9) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments GH, HK, and KG connecting these three points respectively or on the said line segments. The line segment GH is represented by the coordinates (0.02y 2 -2.4583y + 93.396, y, -0.02y 2 + 1.4583y + 6.604) and it is preferable that the line segments HK and KG are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more, a GWP of 100 or less, and is less likely to undergo changes such as polymerization and decomposition, and has excellent stability, based on R410A.

[0202] Within the range that does not impair the above characteristics and effects, the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure may further contain other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf. In this regard, it is preferable that the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure contains 99.5% by mass or more, more preferably 99.75% by mass or more, and even more preferably 99.9% by mass or more of the total of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf with respect to the entire refrigerant 1C.

[0203] The additional refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the additional refrigerant.

[0204] The refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

[0205] (Examples of refrigerant 1C) Examples of the refrigerant 1C are given below for further detailed description. However, the refrigerant 1C of the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0206] For each of the mixed refrigerants of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf, the combustion speed was measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard. While changing the concentration of R32 by 5 mass% each time, a composition showing a combustion speed of 10 cm / s was found. The found compositions are shown in Table 18.

[0207] Note that the combustion speed test was conducted as follows using the apparatus shown in Figure 1A. First, the mixed refrigerant used had a purity of 99.5% or more, and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was seen on the vacuum gauge. The combustion speed was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was performed by generating an electrical spark between the electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 - 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 - 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using Schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passes was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The Schlieren image of the flame was recorded by a high-speed digital video camera at a framing speed of 600 fps and saved to a PC.

[0208]

Table 18

[0209] From these results, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their total sum are denoted as x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram of Figure 1J where the total sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, it can be seen that when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line segment connecting the five points shown in Table 18 or on the right side of the line segment, it is of low flammability (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard. This is because R1234yf has been found to have a lower combustion rate than either HFO-1132(E) or R32.

[0210] Blended refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf at the mass percentages shown in Tables 19 to 23 respectively based on their total sum. For each of the blended refrigerants in Tables 19 to 23, the coefficient of performance (COP) ratio and refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410 were determined respectively. The calculation conditions were as follows. Evaporation temperature: 5°C Condensation temperature: 45°C Superheat degree: 1 K Subcooling degree; 5 K E comp (Compression work): 0.7 kWh

[0211] These values are shown in Tables 19 to 23 together with the GWP for each of the blended refrigerants.

[0212] [Table 19]

[0213] [Table 20]

[0214] [Table 21]

[0215]

Table 22

[0216]

Table 23

[0217] From these results, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their total sum are x, y, and z, respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A (71.1, 0.0, 28.9), point C (36.5, 18.2, 45.3), point F (47.6, 18.3, 34.1), and point D (72.0, 0.0, 28.0) If it is within the range or on the line segments AC, CF, FD, and DA connecting these four points (Figure 1J) respectively, it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 85% or more, the GWP is 125 or less, and it is slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0218] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are point A (71.1, 0.0, 28.9), point B (42.6, 14.5, 42.9), point E (51.4, 14.6, 34.0), and point D (72.0, 0.0, 28.0) If it is within the range or on the line segments AB, BE, ED, and DA connecting these four points (Figure 1J) respectively, it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 85% or more, the GWP is 100 or less, and it is slightly flammable (2L class) according to the ASHRAE standard.

[0219] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are point G (77.5, 6.9, 15.6), Point I (55.1, 18.3, 26.6) and point J (77.5, 18.4, 4.1) When it is within the range or on the line segments of the figure (Figure 1J) surrounded by the line segments GI, IJ, and JK connecting the three points respectively, it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95% or more, the GWP is 125 or less, and it is less likely to cause changes such as polymerization or decomposition and has excellent stability.

[0220] Also, similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are point G (77.5, 6.9, 15.6), point H (61.8, 14.6, 23.6) and point K (77.5, 14.6, 7.9) When it is within the range or on the line segments of the figure (Figure 1J) surrounded by the line segments GH, HK, and KG connecting the three points respectively, it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 95% or more, the GWP is 100 or less, and it is less likely to cause changes such as polymerization or decomposition and has excellent stability.

[0221] (1-5-4) Refrigerant 1D The refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure is a mixed refrigerant containing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32.

[0222] The refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has performance coefficients equivalent to those of R410A and has desirable characteristics as an R410A alternative refrigerant, namely, a sufficiently small GWP.

[0223] For the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of these of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 are x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C’ (56.7, 43.3, 0.0), point D’ (52.2, 38.3, 9.5), Point E’(41.8, 39.8, 18.4) and point A’(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC’, C’D’, D’E’, E’A’ and A’O connecting the five points respectively, or on the line segments C’D’, D’E’ and E’A’ (excluding the points C’ and A’), the line segment C’D’ is coordinates (-0.0297z 2 -0.1915z + 56.7, 0.0297z 2 +1.1915z + 43.3, z) represented by the line segment D’E’ is coordinates (-0.0535z 2 +0.3229z + 53.957, 0.0535z 2 +0.6771z + 46.043, z) represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments OC’, E’A’ and A’O are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 92.5% or more and a GWP of 125 or less based on R410A.

[0224] For the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 are x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), point E(72.2, 9.4, 18.4) and point A’(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DE, EA’ and A’O connecting the five points respectively, or on the line segments CD, DE and EA’ (excluding the points C and A’), the line segment CDE is Coordinates (-0.017z 2 +0.0148z + 77.684, 0.017z 2 +0.9852z + 22.316, z) represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments OC, EA', and A'O are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 95% or more and a GWP of 125 or less based on R410A.

[0225] For the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their total are x, y, and z, respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C'(56.7, 43.3, 0.0), point D'(52.2, 38.3, 9.5) and point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC', C'D', D'A, and AO connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments C'D' and D'A (excluding points C' and A), the line segment C'D' is coordinates (-0.0297z 2 -0.1915z + 56.7, 0.0297z 2 +1.1915z + 43.3, z) represented by, and it is preferable that the line segments OC', D'A, and AO are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 93.5% or more and a GWP of 65 or less based on R410A.

[0226] The refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their total are x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), at point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), at point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), at point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) within the range of the figure surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DA, and AO connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments CD and DA (excluding points C and A), the line segment CD is represented by coordinates (-0.017z 2 +0.0148z + 77.684, 0.017z 2 +0.9852z + 22.316, z), and it is preferable that the line segments OC, DA, and AO are straight lines. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 95% or more and a GWP of 65 or less based on R410A.

[0227] The refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure may further contain other additional refrigerants within the range that does not impair the above characteristics and effects, in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32. In this regard, it is preferable that the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure contains 99.5% by mass or more, more preferably 99.75% by mass or more, and even more preferably 99.9% by mass or more of the total of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 with respect to the entire refrigerant 1D.

[0228] The additional refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the additional refrigerant.

[0229] The refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

[0230] (Example of Refrigerant 1D) Examples of Refrigerant 1D are given below for more detailed description. However, Refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0231] A mixed refrigerant was prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 at the mass percentages shown in Tables 24 to 26, respectively, based on the sum of these.

[0232] For each of these mixed refrigerants, the COP ratio and the refrigeration capacity (which may also be denoted as Refrigeration Capacity (Cooling Capacity or Capacity)) ratio based on R410 were determined, respectively. The calculation conditions were as follows.

[0233] Evaporation temperature: 5°C Condensation temperature: 45°C Superheat degree: 1 K Subcooling degree; 5 K E comp (Compression work): 0.7 kWh

[0234] These values are shown in Tables 24 to 26 together with the GWP for each mixed refrigerant.

[0235] [Table 24]

[0236] [Table 25]

[0237] [Table 26]

[0238] From these results, when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their total sum are x, y, and z, respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C’(56.7, 43.3, 0.0), point D’(52.2, 38.3, 9.5), point E’(41.8, 39.8, 18.4), and point A’(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) When it is within the range of the figure (Fig. 1K) surrounded by the line segments OC’, C’D’, D’E’, E’A’, and A’O connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments C’D’, D’E’, and E’A’ (excluding points C’ and A’), it can be seen that the COP ratio based on R410A is 92.5% or more and the GWP is 125 or less.

[0239] Similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), point E(72.2, 9.4, 18.4), and point A’(81.6, 0.0, 18.4) When it is within the range of the figure (Fig. 1K) surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DE, EA’, and A’O connecting these five points respectively, or on the line segments CD, DE, and EA’ (excluding points C and A’), it can be seen that the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% or more and the GWP is 125 or less.

[0240] Similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point C’(56.7, 43.3, 0.0), point D’(52.2, 38.3, 9.5), and Point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) When it is within the range of the figure (Fig. 1K) surrounded by the line segments OC’, C’D’, D’A, and AO connecting the five points respectively, or on the line segments C’D’ and D’A (excluding points C’ and A), it can be seen that the COP ratio based on R410A is 92.5% or more, and the GWP is 65 or less.

[0241] Similarly, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are Point O(100.0, 0.0, 0.0), Point C(77.7, 22.3, 0.0), Point D(76.3, 14.2, 9.5), Point A(90.5, 0.0, 9.5) When it is within the range of the figure (Fig. 1K) surrounded by the line segments OC, CD, DA, and AO connecting the five points respectively, or on the line segments CD and DA (excluding points C and A), it can be seen that the COP ratio based on R410A is 95% or more, and the GWP is 65 or less.

[0242] On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Examples 2, 3, and 4, when R32 is not included, the concentrations of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 having double bonds become relatively high, leading to deterioration such as decomposition and polymerization in the refrigerant compound, which is not preferable.

[0243] Also, as shown in Comparative Examples 3, 5, and 7, when HFO-1123 is not included, its combustion suppression effect cannot be obtained, and the composition cannot be made slightly flammable, which is not preferable.

[0244] (1-5-5) Refrigerant 1E The refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure is a mixed refrigerant containing CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf.

[0245] The refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure has cooling capacity equivalent to that of R410A, a sufficiently small GWP, and is slightly flammable, having desirable characteristics as an R410A alternative refrigerant.

[0246] The refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure is in a three-component composition diagram where the total of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass% with the mass% based on the total of these being w, x, y, and z for R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf respectively, and the coordinates (x, y, z) are point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) point B’’(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5) point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ, JK, and KL connecting these seven points respectively, and the straight lines LB’’, B’’D, DC, and CI, or on the said line segments (however, excluding the points on the straight lines B’’D and CI), when 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) point B’’(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w) point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ, JK, and KL connecting the seven points respectively, and the straight lines LB'', B''D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight lines B''D and CI), when 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) point B''(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w) point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7) within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ, JK, and KL connecting the seven points respectively, and the straight lines LB'', B''D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight lines B''D and CI), and the curve IJ is represented by the coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 - 1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 + 0.716x + 28 - w) and the curve JK is represented by the coordinates (x, 0.0095x 2 - 1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 + 0.2222x + 32.324 - w) and the curve KL is represented by the coordinates (x, 0.0049x 2 - 0.8842x + 61.488, -0.0049x 2 - 0.1158x + 38.512) as represented.

[0247] The refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A of 80% or more, a GWP of 350 or less, and becomes slightly flammable with a WCF.

[0248] For the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages of CO2, and R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are w, x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are When 0 < w ≤ 1.2, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ and JK connecting these five points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the said line segments (however, excluding the points on the straight line CI), When 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point F(36.6, -3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ and JK connecting these five points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the said line segments (however, excluding the points on the straight line CI), When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) Within the range of the figure or on the said line segments surrounded by the curves IJ and JK connecting these six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), When 4.0 < w ≦ 7.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7) Within the range of the figure or on the said line segments surrounded by the curves IJ and JK connecting these six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), and the curve IJ is Represented by the coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 +0.716x + 28 - w) And the curve JK is Represented by the coordinates (x, 0.0095x -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 +0.2222x + 32.324 - w) It is preferable if it is represented by the following. When the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure satisfies the above requirements, the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 80% or more, the GWP is 250 or less, and WCF is micro-flammable.

[0249] For the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on the sum of these are w, x, y, and z, respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are When 0 < w ≤ 1.2, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(18.2, -1.1111w 2 -3.1667w + 31.9, 1.1111w 2 +2.1667w + 49.9) Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ and JK connecting these four points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the said line segments (however, excluding the points on the straight line CI), When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w 2 -4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 +3.5746w + 49.884) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ and JK connecting these four points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the said line segments (however, excluding the points on the straight line CI), When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2 - 4.3556w + 31.411, -0.0444w 2 + 3.3556w + 50.489) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7) within or on the line segments of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ and JK, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI connecting these four points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CI), and the curve IJ is coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 - 1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 + 0.716x + 28 - w) preferably represented by the above. When the above requirements are met, the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 80% or more, a GWP of 125 or less, and a WCF of micro - combustion based on R410A.

[0250] For the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf are w, x, y, and z respectively, and the sum of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass% in the three - component composition diagram, the coordinates (x, y, z) are When 0 < w ≤ 0.6, Point G(-5.8333w 2 - 3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 + 1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 + 0.75w + 51.6) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 + 1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 - 2.8333w + 40.6) Point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 +20.5, -1.1111w 2 -w+27.8) Point B’’(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w+50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w+49.5) Point D(-2.9167w+40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w+59.683) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves GO and OP connecting these five points respectively, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D and DG (however, excluding the points on the straight line B’’D), when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, Point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w+22.2, 7.0833w 2 +1.4167w+26.2, -1.25w 2 +0.75w+51.6) Point N(18.2, 0.2778w2+3w+27.7, -0.2778w2-4w+54.1) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w+22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w+40.6) Point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 +20.5, -1.1111w 2 -w+27.8) Point B’’(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w+50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w+49.5) Point D(-2.9167w+40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w+59.683) within or on the line segments enclosed by the curves GN, NO, and OP connecting these six points respectively, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D and DG (however, excluding the points on the straight line B’’D), and the curve GO is when 0 < w ≤ 0.6, Coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 -0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by Curve GN is when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, Coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 -0.0113w + 0.0313)x 2 + (-0.3582w 2 + 0.1624w - 1.4551)x + 2.7889w 2 + 3.7417w + 43.824, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by Curve NO is when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, Coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 -0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by Curve OP is when 0 < w ≤ 1.2, Coordinates (x, (0.0074w 2 -0.0133w + 0.0064)x 2 + (-0.5839w 2 + 1.0268w - 0.7103)x + 11.472w 2 - 17.455w + 40.07, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by when 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, Point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47) Point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2+3.5024w + 44.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w + 55.57) Point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 +3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w + 53.54) Point O(36.8, -0.1392w 2 +1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 -2.4381w + 38.725) Point P(51.7, -0.2381w 2 +1.881w + 20.186, 0.2381w 2 -2.881w + 28.114) Point B’’(51.6, 0.0, -w + 48.4) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP, and the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, DC, and CM connecting the eight points respectively (excluding the points on the straight lines B’’D and CM), and The curve MW is Coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by The curve WN is Coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 -0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2-2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve NO is the coordinates (x, (-0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 +(0.0375w 2 - 0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 + 6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by The curve OP is the coordinates (x, (-0.000463w 2 + 0.0024w - 0.0011)x 2 +(0.0457w 2 - 0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 + 8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y) is represented by When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the point M(0.0, -0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w + 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867) the point W(10.0, -0.0667w 2 + 1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 - 2.1w + 50.733) the point N(18.2, -0.0889w 2 + 1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 - 2.3778w + 50.389) the point O(36.8, -0.0444w 2 + 0.6889w + 25.956, 0.0444w 2 - 1.6889w + 37.244) the point P(51.7, -0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w + 21.633, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 26.667) the point B’’(51.6, 0.0, -w + 48.4) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP, and the straight lines PB'', B''D, DC, and CM connecting the eight points respectively (excluding the points on the straight lines B''D and CM), and The curve MW is Coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 -0.0391w + 0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w - 3.6422)x - 0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 58.103, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve WN is Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 +0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 +4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve NO is Coordinates (x, 0.0082x 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w - 0.7521)x - 0.1307w 2 +2.0247w + 42.327, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve OP is Coordinates (x, (-0.0006258w 2 +0.0066w - 0.0153)x 2 +(0.0516w 2 -0.5478w + 0.9894)x - 1.074w 2 +11.651w + 10.992, 100 - w - x - y) It is preferable if it is represented by the following. When the above requirements are satisfied, the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 80% or more, a GWP of 350 or less, and is ASHRAE non-flammable with respect to R410A.

[0251] For the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages of CO2, and R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on the sum thereof are w, x, y, and z, respectively, in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are When 0 < w ≤ 0.6, point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 -1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 + 3.5834w + 51.6) point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 + 1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 - 2.8333w + 40.6) point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves GO connecting the three points respectively, and the straight lines OF and FG, or on the line segment, and the curve GO is represented by the coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 -0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y) and is represented by When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 -1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 + 3.5834w + 51.6) Point N(18.2, 0.2778w 2 +3.0w+27.7, -0.2.778w 2 -4.0w+54.1) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w+22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w+40.6) Point F(-0.0833w+36.717, -4.0833w+5.1833, 3.1666w+58.0997) Within the range or on the line segment surrounded by the curve GN and the curve NO, and the straight line OF and the straight line FG connecting the four points respectively, and The curve GN is When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, Coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 -0.0113w+0.0313)x 2 +(-0.3582w 2 +0.1624w-1.4551)x+2.7889w 2 +3.7417w+43.824, 100-w-x-y) Is represented by The curve NO is When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, Coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 -0.0059w+0.0072)x 2 +(-0.279w 2 +0.2844w-0.6701)x+3.7639w 2 -0.2467w+37.512, 100-w-x-y) Is represented by When 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, Point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 +2.419w+55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w+44.47) Point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 +3.5024w34.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w+55.578) Point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2+3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w + 53.54) Point O(36.8, -0.1392w 2 +1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 -2.4381w + 38.725) Point F(36.6, -3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5) Point C(0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, 0.0, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, and NO, and the straight lines OF, FC, and CM that connect the six points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is with coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve WN is with coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 -0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 -2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) represented by The curve NO is with coordinates (x, (-0.00062w 2 +0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 +(0.0375w 2 -0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 +6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y) represented by When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, Point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 +2.419w+55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w+44.47) Point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 +3.5024w+34.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w+55.578) Point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 +3.319w+28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w+53.54) Point O(36.8, -0.1392w 2 +1.4381w+24.475, 0.1392w 2 -2.4381w+38.725) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w+63.4) Point D(-2.8226w+40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w+59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w+58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w+41.553) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, and NO, and the straight lines OB’, B’D, DC, and CM connecting these seven points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is represented by the coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w+0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w-3.6193)x-0.3004w 2 +2.419w+55.53, 100-w-x-y) and The curve WN is represented by the coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 -0.0326w+0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w-2.6274)x+0.6555w 2-2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) The curve NO is represented by the coordinates (x, (-0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 + (0.0457w 2 - 0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 + 8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y) represented by, when 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the point M(0.0, -0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867) the point W(10.0, -0.0667w 2 + 1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 - 2.1w + 50.733) the point N(18.2, -0.0889w 2 + 1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 - 2.3778w + 50.389) the point O(36.8, -0.0444w 2 + 0.6889w + 25.956, 0.0444w 2 - 1.6889w + 37.244) the point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) the point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) the point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7) is within the range or on the line segments formed by connecting the seven points of the curve MW, curve WN, and curve NO, and the straight lines OB’, B’D, DC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and the curve MW is represented by the coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 - 0.0391w + 0.1756)x 2+(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w - 3.6422)x - 0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 58.103, 100 - w - x - y) represented by Curve WN is the coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 +0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 +4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) Curve NO is the coordinates (x, (0.0082x 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w - 0.7521)x - 0.1307w 2 +2.0247w + 42.327, 100 - w - x - y) preferably represented as such. Refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the above requirements are met, has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 80% or more based on R410A, a GWP of 250 or less, and is ASHRAE non-flammable.

[0252] For Refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure, when the mass percentages based on the sum of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf are w, x, y, and z respectively, and the sum of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass% in a ternary composition diagram, the coordinates (x, y, z) are When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, Point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w + 44.47) Point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 +3.5024w + 34.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w + 55.578) Point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 +3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w2 -4.319w + 53.54) Point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w 2 -4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 +3.5746w + 49.884) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553) Within or on the line segment of the figure surrounded by the curve MW and the curve WN, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM that connect the five points respectively (however, excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is With coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by The curve WN is With coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 -0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 -2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, Point M(0.0, -0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 58.133, 0.0667w 2 -1.8333w + 41.867) Point W(10.0, -0.0667w 2 +1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 -2.1w + 50.733) Point N(18.2, -0.0889w 2 +1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2(-2.3778w + 50.389) Point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2 -4.3556w + 31.411, -0.0444w 2 +3.3556w + 50.489) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7) Within or on the line segments surrounded by the curves MW and WN, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM that connect the five points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and The curve MW is Coordinates (x, (0.00357w 2 -0.0391w + 0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w - 3.6422)x - 0.0667w 2 +0.8333w + 58.103, 100 - w - x - y) Represented by The curve WN is Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 +0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 +4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y) Preferably, if it is represented by the above. When the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure satisfies the above requirements, the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 80% or more, the GWP is 125 or less, and it is ASHRAE slightly flammable.

[0253] The refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure may further contain other additional refrigerants, in addition to CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf, within a range that does not impair the above characteristics and effects. In this regard, it is preferable that the refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure contains 99.5% by mass or more, more preferably 99.75% by mass or more, and even more preferably 99.9% by mass or more of the total of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf with respect to the entire refrigerant.

[0254] The additional refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds as the additional refrigerant.

[0255] The refrigerant 1E of the present disclosure can be preferably used as a working fluid in a refrigerator.

[0256] The composition of the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

[0257] (Examples of Refrigerant 1E) Examples of the refrigerant 1E are given below for a more detailed description. However, the refrigerant 1D of the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0258] For each of the mixed refrigerants of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf, the burning velocity was measured in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard. While changing the concentration of CO2, a composition showing a burning velocity of 10 cm / s was found. The found compositions are shown in Tables 27 to 29.

[0259] The combustion rate test was conducted as follows using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1A. First, the mixed refrigerant used had a purity of 99.5% or higher, and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was visible on the vacuum gauge. The combustion rate was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was carried out by generating an electrical spark between electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The duration of the discharge was set to 1.0 - 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 - 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using Schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passes was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The Schlieren images of the flame were recorded with a high-speed digital video camera at a framing rate of 600 fps and saved to a PC.

[0260] The WCFF concentration was determined by performing a leakage simulation using NIST Standard Reference Data Base Refleak Version 4.0 with the WCF concentration as the initial concentration.

[0261]

Table 27

[0262]

Table 28

[0263]

Table 29

[0264] From these results, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagrams of Figures 1B to 1I where the total sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, it can be seen that WCF micro-combustion occurs when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line segment connecting points I, J, K, and L respectively or below that line segment.

[0265] Also, in the ternary composition diagram of Figure 1B, it can be seen that ASHRAE micro-combustion occurs when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line segment connecting points M, N, O, and P respectively or below that line segment.

[0266] Blended refrigerants were prepared by mixing R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf at the mass percentages shown in Tables 30 to 40 based on their total sum. For each of the blended refrigerants in Tables 30 to 37, the coefficient of performance (COP) ratio and refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410 were determined respectively.

[0267] The GWP of the composition containing R1234yf and the mixture of R410A (R32 = 50% / R125 = 50%) was evaluated based on the values in the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Although there is no description of the GWP of HFO-1132(E), its GWP was assumed to be 1 based on HFO-1132a (GWP = 1 or less) and HFO-1123 (GWP = 0.3, described in Patent Document 1). The refrigerating capacity of the composition containing R410A and the mixture of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf was determined by performing theoretical calculations of the refrigeration cycle of the blended refrigerant under the following conditions using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0).

[0268] Evaporation temperature: 5°C Condensation temperature: 45°C Superheat degree: 5 K Subcooling degree: 5 K E comp (Compressor work): 0.7 kWh

[0269] These values are shown in Tables 30 to 37 together with the GWP for each mixed refrigerant. Tables 30 to 37 show the cases where the CO2 concentration is 0 mass%, 0.6 mass%, 1.2 mass%, 1.3 mass%, 2.5 mass%, 4 mass%, 5.5 mass%, and 7 mass% respectively.

[0270]

Table 30

[0271]

Table 31

[0272]

Table 32

[0273]

Table 33

[0274]

Table 34

[0275]

Table 35

[0276]

Table 36

[0277]

Table 37

[0278]

Table 38

[0279]

Table 39

[0280]

Table 40

[0281]

Table 41

[0282]

Table 42

[0283]

Table 43

[0284]

Table 44

[0285]

Table 45

[0286]

Table 46

[0287] From these results, when the mass percentages of CO2, and R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total sum are w, x, y, and z, respectively, in the three-component composition diagrams of FIGS. 1B to 1I where the total sum of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, it can be seen that when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line of straight line A’’B’’, the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes 350, and when located on the right side of this line, the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes less than 350. Also, in the three-component composition diagrams of FIGS. 1B to 1I, it can be seen that when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line of straight line A’B’, the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes 250, and when located on the right side of this line, the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes less than 250. Further, in the three-component composition diagrams of FIGS. 1B to 1I, it can be seen that when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line of straight line AB, the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes 125, and when located on the right side of this line, the GWP of the mixed refrigerant becomes less than 125.

[0288] It can be seen that the straight line connecting point D and point C is located generally slightly to the left of the curve connecting the points where the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 80%. Therefore, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are to the left of the straight line connecting point D and point C, it can be seen that the refrigerating capacity ratio of the mixed refrigerant based on R410A is 80% or more.

[0289] The coordinates of points A and B, A’ and B’, and A’’ and B’’ were determined by obtaining approximate expressions based on the respective points described in the above table. Specifically, calculations were performed as shown in Table 47 (points A and B), Table 48 (points A’ and B’), and Table 49 (points A’’ and B’’).

[0290]

Table 47

[0291]

Table 48

[0292]

Table 49

[0293] The coordinates of points C to G were determined by obtaining an approximation formula based on each point described in the above table. Specifically, the calculations were performed as shown in Tables 50 and 51.

[0294]

Table 50

[0295]

Table 51

[0296] The coordinates of the points on curve IJ, curve JK, and curve KL were determined by obtaining an approximation formula based on each point described in the above table. Specifically, the calculations were performed as shown in Table 52.

[0297]

Table 52

[0298] The coordinates of the points on curve MW and curve WM were determined by obtaining an approximation formula based on each point described in the above table. Specifically, the calculations were performed as shown in Table 53 (when 0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 1.2 mass%), Table 54 (when 1.2 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 4.0 mass%), and Table 55 (when 4.0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 7.0 mass%).

[0299]

Table 53

[0300]

Table 54

[0301]

Table 55

[0302] The coordinates of the points on curve NO and curve OP were determined by obtaining an approximate formula based on each point described in the above table. Specifically, calculations were performed as shown in Table 56 (when 0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 1.2 mass%), Table 57 (when 1.2 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 4.0 mass%), and Table 58 (when 4.0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 7.0 mass%).

[0303]

Table 56

[0304]

Table 57

[0305]

Table 58

[0306] (1-6) Various refrigerants 2 Hereinafter, refrigerants 2A to 2E, which are refrigerants used in the present disclosure, will be described in detail.

[0307] Note that the following descriptions of refrigerants 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, and 2E are each independent, and the alphabets indicating points and line segments, the numbers of examples, and the numbers of comparative examples are all independent among refrigerants 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, and 2E. For example, Example 1 of refrigerant 2A and Example 1 of refrigerant 2B show examples of different embodiments.

[0308] (1-6-1) Refrigerant 2A Examples of refrigerant 2A include "refrigerant 2A1" and "refrigerant 2A2". Hereinafter, refrigerant 2A1 and refrigerant 2A2 will be described respectively. In the present disclosure, refrigerant 2A1 and refrigerant 2A2 are each a mixed refrigerant.

[0309] (1-6-1-1) Refrigerant 2A1 Refrigerant 2A1 is a mixed refrigerant containing HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf as essential components. Hereinafter, in this item, HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf are also referred to as "the three components".

[0310] The total concentration of the three components in the entire Refrigerant 2A1 is 99.5% by mass or more. In other words, Refrigerant 2A1 contains the three components in a total of 99.5% by mass or more of these concentrations.

[0311] In Refrigerant 2A1, the mass ratio of the three components is within the range of the figure surrounded by a figure passing through the following four points in the triangular composition diagram with the three components as each vertex: Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2% by mass), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7% by mass), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 10.1 / 18.0 / 71.9% by mass) and Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 27.8 / 18.0 / 54.2% by mass). That is, in Refrigerant 2A1, the mass ratio of the three components is shown in the triangular composition diagram of Figure 2A with the three components as each vertex:

[0312] In other words, in Refrigerant 2A1, the mass ratio of the three components is shown in the triangular composition diagram of Figure 2A with the three components as each vertex: Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2% by mass), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7% by mass), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 10.1 / 18.0 / 71.9% by mass) and Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 27.8 / 18.0 / 54.2 mass %), is within the range of the region surrounded by straight line a, curve b, straight line c, and curve d that connect these four points respectively.

[0313] In this item, the ternary composition diagram with the three components as vertices means, as shown in Fig. 2A, a ternary composition diagram with the above three components (HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf) as vertices and the sum of the concentrations of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf being 100 mass %.

[0314] By having such a configuration, refrigerant 2A1 has the following characteristics: (1) its GWP is sufficiently small (125 or less), (2) when used as an alternative refrigerant to R404A, it has a refrigeration capacity and coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or greater than those of R404A, and (3) the combustion speed measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is 5 cm / s or less.

[0315] In this item, the coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or greater than that of R404A means that the COP ratio to R404A is 100% or more (preferably 102% or more, more preferably 103% or more), and the refrigeration capacity equal to or greater than that of R404A means that the refrigeration capacity ratio to R404A is 95% or more (preferably 100% or more, more preferably 102% or more, most preferably 103% or more). Also, having a sufficiently small GWP means that the GWP is 125 or less, preferably 110 or less, more preferably 100 or less, and still more preferably 75 or less.

[0316] In Fig. 2A, points A, B, C, and D are the points with the above coordinates, indicated by open circles (○).

[0317] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, and D are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass %) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. A: The mass ratio where the combustion speed measured in accordance with ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard is 5 cm / s and the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass % B: The mass ratio where the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass % and the refrigerating capacity is 95% with respect to R404A C: The mass ratio where the refrigerating capacity is 95% with respect to R404A and the GWP is 125 D: The mass ratio where the GWP is 125 and the combustion speed measured in accordance with ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard is 5 cm / s "The combustion speed measured in accordance with ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard is 5 cm / s" means the numerical value which is half of the combustion speed (10 cm / s) as the standard for classifying into class 2L (slight combustion) in ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard, and it means that it is relatively safe among the refrigerants defined in class 2L. Specifically, being "the numerical value which is half of the combustion speed (10 cm / s)" means that it is relatively safe in that the flame is difficult to spread even if it catches fire by any chance. In addition, hereinafter, the combustion speed measured in accordance with ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard is also simply referred to as "combustion speed".

[0318] In refrigerant 2A1, the combustion speed of the three-component mixed refrigerant is preferably more than 0 to 4.5 cm / s, more preferably more than 0 to 4 cm / s, still more preferably more than 0 to 3.5 cm / s, and particularly preferably more than 0 to 3 cm / s.

[0319] Both point A and point B are on the straight line a. That is, the line segment AB is a part of the straight line a. The straight line a is a straight line showing the mass ratio where the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass %. In the region on the HFC-32 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram rather than the straight line a, the concentration of HFC-32 in the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 1 mass %. Also, in the region on the HFC-32 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram rather than the straight line a, unexpectedly, the refrigerating capacity is large.

[0320] In FIG. 2A, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment indicating the mass ratio at which the concentration of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass % is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0321] Line segment indicating the mass ratio at which HFC-32 is 1.0 mass %: A part of the straight line a connecting two points A and B (line segment AB in FIG. 2A) y = 1.0 z = 100 - x - y 35.3 ≦ x ≦ 51.8 Both points B and C are on the curve b. The curve b is a curve indicating the mass ratio at which the refrigerating capacity is 95% with respect to R404A. In the regions on the HFO-1132(E) side and the HFC-32 side of the apex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the curve b, the refrigerating capacity of the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 95% with respect to R404A.

[0322] The curve b is obtained as follows.

[0323] Table 201 shows four points at which the refrigerating capacity ratio to R404A is 95% when HFO-1132(E) = 1.0, 10.1, 20.0, 35.3 mass % (mass%). The curve b is shown by the line connecting these four points. Here, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the curve b is approximated by the formula in Table 201 by the least squares method.

[0324]

Table 201

[0325] Both points C and D are on the straight line c. That is, the line segment CD is a part of the straight line c. The straight line c is a straight line indicating the mass ratio at which the GWP is 125. In the regions on the HFO-1132(E) side and the HFO-1234yf side of the apex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the straight line c, the GWP of the three-component mixed refrigerant is less than 125.

[0326] In FIG. 2A, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 125 is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0327] Line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 125: A part of the straight line c connecting the two points C and D (line segment CD in FIG. 2A) y = 18.0 z = 100 - x - y 10.1 ≦ x ≦ 27.8 Both points A and D are on the curve d. The curve d is a curve indicating the mass ratio at which the combustion rate is 5 cm / s. In the region on the HFO-1234yf side of the triangular composition diagram compared to the curve d, the mixed refrigerant of the three components has a combustion rate of less than 5.0 cm / s.

[0328] The curve d is obtained as follows.

[0329] Table 202 shows four points where WCF is slightly flammable when HFO-1132(E) = 18.0, 30.0, 40.0, and 53.5 mass %. The curve d is shown by the line connecting these four points. Here, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the curve d is approximated by the formula in Table 202 by the least squares method.

[0330]

Table 202

[0331] The ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf has a GWP of 125 or less, a refrigerating capacity of 95% or more compared to R404A, and a combustion rate of 5 cm / s or less at the mass ratio within the region (ABCD region) surrounded by the lines connecting the four points A, B, C, and D respectively.

[0332] In refrigerant 2A1, the mass ratio of the three components is in the triangular composition diagram with each of the three components as vertices. Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass %), Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 15.2 / 14.3 / 70.5 mass %) and Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 31.1 / 14.3 / 54.6 mass %), It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these four points.

[0333] In other words, in refrigerant 2A1, the mass ratio of the three components is shown in the triangular composition diagram of Figure 2A with these three components as each vertex: Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass %), Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 15.2 / 14.3 / 70.5 mass %) and Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 31.1 / 14.3 / 54.6 mass %) It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the straight line a, curve b, straight line e, and curve d connecting these four points respectively.

[0334] Regarding the triangular composition diagram with the above three components as each vertex, it is as described above.

[0335] In Figure 2A, point A, point B, point E, and point F are the points with the above coordinates, indicated by open circles (○).

[0336] The technical meanings of points A and B are as described above.

[0337] The technical meanings of points E and F are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass %) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. E: A mass ratio with a refrigerating capacity of 95% relative to R404A and a GWP of 100 F: A mass ratio with a GWP of 100 and a combustion rate of 5 cm / s measured in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard, GWP = 100 Regarding the straight line a and the curve b, it is as described above. Point E is on the curve b.

[0338] Both points E and F are on the straight line e. That is, the line segment EF is a part of the straight line e. The straight line e is a straight line indicating a mass ratio with a GWP of 100. In the regions on the HFO-1132(E) vertex side and the HFO-1234yf vertex side of the ternary composition diagram compared to the straight line e, the GWP of the three-component mixed refrigerant is less than 100.

[0339] In FIG. 2A, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 100 is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0340] Line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 100: A part of the straight line e connecting the two points E and F (line segment EF in FIG. 2A) y = 14.3 z = 100 - x - y 15.2 ≤ x ≤ 31.1 Both points A and F are on the curve d. Regarding the curve d, it is as described above.

[0341] The ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf has a GWP of 100 or less, a refrigerating capacity of 95% or more relative to R404A, and a combustion rate of 5.0 cm / s or less at the mass ratios within the range of the region (ABEF region) surrounded by the lines connecting the four points A, B, E, and F respectively.

[0342] The refrigerant 2A1 contains HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf in a total amount of 99.5% by mass or more based on the sum of their concentrations. Among them, it is preferably that the total amount of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2A1 is 99.7% by mass or more, more preferably 99.8% by mass or more, and still more preferably 99.9% by mass or more.

[0343] Within a range that does not impair the above characteristics, the refrigerant 2A1 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire refrigerant 2A1 is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less. Other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. The refrigerant 2A1 may contain other refrigerants alone or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[0344] It is particularly preferable that the refrigerant 2A1 consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2A1 is 100% by mass.

[0345] When the refrigerant 2A1 consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratio of the three components is in a triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2% by mass), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7% by mass), point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 10.1 / 18.0 / 71.9% by mass) and Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 27.8 / 18.0 / 54.2 mass %), It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these four points.

[0346] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, and D are as described above. Regarding the area surrounded by the figure passing through the four points A, B, C, and D, it is as described above.

[0347] In this case, for the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf, within the mass ratio range of the area (ABCD area) surrounded by the lines connecting the four points A, B, C, and D respectively, the GWP is 125 or less, the refrigerating capacity is 95% or more compared to R404A, and the combustion speed is 5.0 cm / s or less.

[0348] When refrigerant 2A1 consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratio of the three components, in the triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass %), Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 15.2 / 14.3 / 70.5 mass %) and Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 31.1 / 14.3 / 54.6 mass %), It is more preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these four points.

[0349] The technical meanings of points A, B, E, and F are as described above. Regarding the area surrounded by the figure passing through the four points A, B, E, and F, it is as described above.

[0350] In this case, the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf has a GWP of 100 or less, a refrigerating capacity of 95% or more compared to R404A, and a combustion speed of 5.0 cm / s or less at the mass ratios within the region (ABEF region) enclosed by the lines connecting the four points A, B, E, and F respectively.

[0351] Since the GWP of refrigerant 2A1 is 125 or less, the environmental load can be significantly reduced compared to other general-purpose refrigerants from the perspective of global warming.

[0352] (1-6-1-2) Refrigerant 2A2 Refrigerant 2A2 is a mixed refrigerant containing HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf as essential components. Hereinafter, in this item, HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf are also referred to as "three components".

[0353] The total concentration of the three components in the entire refrigerant 2A2 is 99.5 mass% or more. In other words, refrigerant 2A2 contains the three components in a total of 99.5 mass% or more of these concentrations.

[0354] In refrigerant 2A2, the mass ratio of the three components is within the range of the figure enclosed by the figure passing through the five points: Point P (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 45.6 / 1.0 / 53.4 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass%), Point Q (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 24.8 / 74.2 mass%), Point R (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 29.2 / 69.8 mass%) and Point S (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 6.5 / 29.2 / 64.3 mass%), a composition within the range of the figure enclosed by these five points.

[0355] In other words, in the refrigerant 2A2, the mass ratios of the three components are shown in the triangular composition diagram of FIG. 2B with the three components as the respective vertices: Point P (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 45.6 / 1.0 / 53.4 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass %), Point Q (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 24.8 / 74.2 mass %), Point R (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 29.2 / 69.8 mass %) and Point S (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 6.5 / 29.2 / 64.3 mass %), are within the range of the region surrounded by the straight line p, the curve q, the straight line r, the straight line s, and the curve t that connect the five points respectively.

[0356] In this item, the triangular composition diagram with the three components as the respective vertices means a three-component composition diagram with the above three components (HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf) as the vertices and the total concentration of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf being 100 mass %, as shown in FIG. 2B.

[0357] By having such a configuration, the refrigerant 2A2 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (200 or less), (2) when used as an alternative refrigerant to R404A, it has a refrigerating capacity and a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or higher than those of R404A, and (3) the pressure at 40°C is 1.85 MPa or less.

[0358] In this item, a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or higher than that of R404A means that the COP ratio to R404A is 100% or more (preferably 102% or more, more preferably 103% or more). A refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A means that the refrigerating capacity ratio to R404A is 95% or more (preferably 100% or more, more preferably 102% or more, most preferably 103% or more). A sufficiently small GWP means that the GWP is 200 or less, preferably 150 or less, more preferably 125 or less, still more preferably 100 or less.

[0359] In FIG. 2B, points P, B, Q, R, and S are points having the above coordinates, which are indicated by open circles (○).

[0360] The technical meanings of points P, B, Q, R, and S are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass %) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. P: A mass ratio in which the pressure at 40 °C is 1.85 MPa and the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass %. B: A mass ratio in which the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass % and the refrigerating capacity is 95% with respect to R404A. Q: A mass ratio in which the refrigerating capacity is 95% with respect to R404A and the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass %. R: A mass ratio in which the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass % and the GWP is 200. S: A mass ratio in which the GWP is 200 and the pressure at 40 °C is 1.85 MPa. The "mass ratio at which the pressure at 40 °C becomes 1.85 MPa" means the mass ratio at which the saturation pressure at a temperature of 40 (°C) is 1.85 MPa.

[0361] In the refrigerant 2A2, when the saturation pressure of the three-component mixed refrigerant at 40 °C exceeds 1.85 MPa, it is necessary to change the design from the refrigeration device for R404A. The saturation pressure of the three-component mixed refrigerant at 40 °C is preferably 1.50 to 1.85 MPa, more preferably 1.60 to 1.85 MPa, still more preferably 1.70 to 1.85 MPa, and particularly preferably 1.75 to 1.85 MPa.

[0362] Both point P and point B are on the straight line p. That is, the line segment PB is a part of the straight line p. The straight line p is a straight line indicating the mass ratio at which the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass %. In the region on the HFC-32 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram than the straight line p, the concentration of HFC-32 in the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 1.0 mass %. Also, in the region on the HFC-32 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram than the straight line p, unexpectedly, the refrigerating capacity is large.

[0363] In FIG. 2B, when the mass % of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass % of HFC-32 = y, and the mass % of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment indicating the mass ratio at which the concentration of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass % is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0364] Line segment indicating the mass ratio at which the concentration (mass %) of HFC-32 is 1.0 mass %: A part of the straight line p connecting the two points P and B (line segment PB in FIG. 2B) y = 1.0 z = 100 - x - y 35.3 ≤ x ≤ 45.6 Both point B and point Q are on the curve q. The curve q is a curve indicating the mass ratio at which the refrigerating capacity becomes 95% with respect to R404A. In the regions on the HFO-1132(E) side and the HFC-32 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram than the curve q, the refrigerating capacity of the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 95% with respect to R404A.

[0365] The curve q is obtained as follows.

[0366] Table 203 shows four points where the refrigerating capacity ratio to R404A is 95% when HFO-1132(E) = 1.0, 10.1, 20.0, and 35.3 mass%. The curve q is shown as the line connecting these four points. Here, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFC-32 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, the curve q is approximated by the formula in Table 203 using the least squares method.

[0367]

Table 203

[0368] Both point Q and point R are on the straight line r. That is, the line segment QR is part of the straight line r. The straight line r is a straight line showing the mass ratio when the concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass%. In the region on the HFO-1132(E) side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the straight line r, the concentration of HFO-1132(E) in the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 1.0 mass%. Also, in the region on the HFO-1132(E) side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the straight line r, the refrigerating capacity is unexpectedly large.

[0369] In Figure 2B, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFC-32 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment showing the mass ratio when the concentration of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass% is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0370] Line segment showing the mass ratio when the concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass%: Part of the straight line r connecting the two points Q and R (line segment QR in Figure 2B) x = 1.0 z = 100 - x - y 24.8 ≦ y ≦ 29.2 Both point R and point S are on the straight line s. That is, the line segment RS is part of the straight line s. The straight line s is a straight line showing the mass ratio when the GWP is 200. In the regions on the HFO-1132(E) side and the HFO-1234yf side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the straight line s, the GWP of the three-component mixed refrigerant is less than 200.

[0371] In FIG. 2B, when the mass percentage of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass percentage of HFC-32 = y, and the mass percentage of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 200 is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0372] Line segment indicating the mass ratio with a GWP of 200: A part of the straight line s connecting two points, point R and point S (line segment RS in FIG. 2B) y = 29.2 z = 100 - x - y 1.0 ≤ x ≤ 6.5 Both point P and point S are on the curve t. The curve t is a curve indicating the mass ratio at which the pressure at 40°C becomes 1.85 MPa. In the region on the HFO-1234yf side of the ternary composition diagram with respect to the curve t, the pressure of the three-component mixed refrigerant at 40°C is less than 1.85 MPa.

[0373] The curve t is obtained as follows.

[0374] Table 204 shows four points at which the pressure at 40°C is 1.85 MPa when the mass percentages of HFO-1132(E) are 5.95, 18.00, 32.35, and 47.80 mass%. The curve t is represented by the line connecting these four points. Here, when the mass percentage of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass percentage of HFC-32 = y, and the mass percentage of HFO-1234yf = z, the curve t is approximated by the formula in Table 204 by the least squares method.

[0375] [Table 204]

[0376] For the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf, within the mass ratio range enclosed by the lines connecting the five points of point P, B, Q, R, and S (PBQRS region), the GWP is 200 or less, the refrigerating capacity is 95% or more compared to R404A, and the pressure at 40°C is 1.85 MPa or less.

[0377] The refrigerant 2A2 contains HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf in a total concentration of 99.5 mass% or more. Among them, it is preferable that the total amount of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2A2 is 99.7 mass% or more, more preferably 99.8 mass% or more, and still more preferably 99.9 mass% or more.

[0378] The refrigerant 2A2 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf, as long as the above characteristics are not impaired. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire refrigerant 2A2 is preferably 0.5 mass% or less, more preferably 0.3 mass% or less, still more preferably 0.2 mass% or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 mass% or less. Other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. The refrigerant 2A2 may contain other refrigerants alone or in combination of two or more.

[0379] It is particularly preferable that the refrigerant 2A2 consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2A2 is 100 mass%.

[0380] When the refrigerant 2A2 consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratio of the three components is in a triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, point P (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 45.6 / 1.0 / 53.4 mass%), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7 mass%), point Q (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 24.8 / 74.2 mass%), Point R (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 29.2 / 69.8 mass %) and point S (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 6.5 / 29.2 / 64.3 mass %), It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these five points.

[0381] The technical meanings of point P, point B, point Q, point R and point S are as described above. Regarding the area surrounded by the figure passing through the five points of point P, point B, point Q, point R and point S, it is as described above.

[0382] In this case, for the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf, within the mass ratio range of the area (PBQRS area) surrounded by the lines connecting the five points of P, B, Q, R and S respectively, the GWP is 300 or less, the refrigerating capacity is 95% or more compared to R404A, and the pressure at 40 °C is 1.85 MPa.

[0383] Refrigerant 2A2 can significantly suppress the environmental load compared to other general refrigerants from the perspective of global warming because its GWP is 200 or less.

[0384] [Examples of Refrigerant 2A] Examples are given below for more detailed description. However, the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0385] Test Example 1 The GWPs of the mixed refrigerants shown in Examples 1-1 to 1-11, Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-6 and Reference Example 1-1 (R404A) were evaluated based on the values in the 4th Report of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change).

[0386] The COP, refrigerating capacity, and saturation pressure at 40°C of these mixed refrigerants were obtained by performing theoretical calculations of the refrigeration cycle of the mixed refrigerants under the following conditions using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST), Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0). Evaporation temperature: -40°C Condensation temperature: 40°C Superheat temperature: 20 K Subcooling temperature: 0 K Compressor efficiency: 70%

[0387] The results of Test Example 1 are shown in Tables 205 and 206. Tables 205 and 206 show the examples and comparative examples of Refrigerant 2A1 of the present disclosure. In Tables 205 and 206, "COP ratio (vs. R404A)" and "refrigerating capacity ratio (vs. R404A)" indicate the ratio (%) to R404A. In Tables 205 and 206, "saturation pressure (40°C)" indicates the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C.

[0388] The coefficient of performance (COP) was determined by the following formula. COP = (refrigerating capacity or heating capacity) / power consumption

[0389] The flammability of the mixed refrigerant was judged by measuring the burning rate in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard with the mixed composition of the mixed refrigerant as the WCF concentration.

[0390] The combustion speed test was conducted as follows. First, the mixed refrigerant used had a purity of 99.5% or higher, and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was visible on the vacuum gauge. The combustion speed was measured by the closed method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was carried out by generating an electrical spark between the electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The duration of the discharge was set to 1.0 - 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 - 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using Schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passes was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The Schlieren images of the flame were recorded with a high-speed digital video camera at a framing rate of 600 fps and saved to a PC. When the combustion speed could not be measured (0 cm / s), it was recorded as "none (non-combustible)".

[0391] The combustion range of the mixed refrigerant was measured using a measuring device based on ASTM E681-09 (see Fig. 1T). Specifically, a spherical glass flask with an internal volume of 12 liters was used so that the combustion state could be visually observed and recorded, and the glass flask was designed to release gas from the upper lid when excessive pressure was generated by combustion. The ignition method was generated by a discharge from an electrode held at a height of 1 / 3 from the bottom.

[0392] <Test Conditions> Test container: 280 mmφ spherical (internal volume: 12 liters) Test temperature: 60°C ± 3°C Pressure: 101.3 kPa ± 0.7 kPa Moisture: 0.0088 g ± 0.0005 g per 1 g of dry air (moisture content at 50% relative humidity at 23°C) Refrigerant composition / air mixing ratio: in 1 vol.% increments ± 0.2 vol.% Refrigerant composition mixing: ± 0.1 mass% Ignition method: AC discharge, voltage 15 kV, current 30 mA, neon transformer Electrode spacing: 6.4 mm (1 / 4 inch) Spark: 0.4 s ± 0.05 s Judgment Criteria: · When the flame spreads more than 90 degrees centering around the ignition point = Flame propagation exists (flammable) · When the spread of the flame is 90 degrees or less centering around the ignition point = No flame propagation (non-flammable)

[0393]

Table 205

[0394]

Table 206

[0395] Test Example 2 The GWPs of the mixed refrigerants shown in Examples 2-1 to 2-11, Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-5, and Reference Example 2-1 (R404A) were evaluated based on the values in the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report.

[0396] The COP, refrigerating capacity, and saturation pressure at 40°C of these mixed refrigerants were obtained by performing theoretical calculations of the refrigeration cycle of the mixed refrigerants under the following conditions using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST), Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0). Evaporation temperature: -40°C Condensation temperature: 40°C Superheat temperature: 20K Subcooling temperature: 0K Compressor efficiency: 70% The results of Test Example 2 are shown in Tables 207 and 208. Tables 207 and 208 show the examples and comparative examples of Refrigerant 2A2 of the present disclosure. In Tables 207 and 208, the meanings of the respective terms are the same as those in Test Example 1.

[0397] The coefficient of performance (COP) was obtained by the following formula. COP = (Refrigerating capacity or heating capacity) / Power consumption The flammability of the mixed refrigerant was judged in the same manner as in Test Example 1. The combustion rate test was conducted in the same manner as in Test Example 1.

[0398] The combustion range of the mixed refrigerant was measured using a measuring device based on ASTM E681-09 (see Figure 1T) under the same method and test conditions as in Test Example 1.

[0399] [Table 207]

[0400] [Table 208]

[0401] (1-6-2) Refrigerant 2B Refrigerant 2B is a mixed refrigerant containing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf as essential components. Hereinafter, in this item, HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf are also referred to as "three components".

[0402] The total concentration of the three components in the entire Refrigerant 2B is 99.5 mass% or more. In other words, Refrigerant 2B contains the three components in a total of 99.5 mass% or more of these concentrations.

[0403] In Refrigerant 2B, the mass ratio of the three components is in a triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 57.0 / 42.0 mass%) and Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 24.1 / 33.4 mass%) It is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the five points.

[0404] In other words, in refrigerant 2B, the mass ratio of the three components is shown in the triangular composition diagram of Fig. 2C with the three components as each vertex: Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 57.0 / 42.0 mass%) and Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 24.1 / 33.4 mass%) It is within the range of the area surrounded by the straight line a, curve b, straight line c, curve d and straight line e connecting the five points respectively.

[0405] In this item, the triangular composition diagram with the three components as each vertex means, as shown in Fig. 2C, the three-component composition diagram with the above three components (HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf) as vertices and the total concentration of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf being 100 mass%.

[0406] By having such a configuration, refrigerant 2B has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (125 or less), (2) when used as an alternative refrigerant to R404A, it has a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A, (3) it has a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or higher than that of R404A, and (4) the combustion speed measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is 5 cm / s or less.

[0407] In the present disclosure, a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or higher than that of R404A means that the COP ratio with respect to R404A is 100% or more (preferably 101% or more, more preferably 102% or more, particularly preferably 103% or more).

[0408] In the present disclosure, a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A means that the refrigerating capacity ratio with respect to R404A is 85% or more (preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, still more preferably 100% or more, particularly preferably 102% or more).

[0409] In the present disclosure, a sufficiently low GWP means that the GWP is 125 or less, preferably 110 or less, more preferably 100 or less, particularly preferably 75 or less.

[0410] In FIG. 2C, points A, B, C, D, and E are points having the above coordinates, which are indicated by open circles (○).

[0411] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, D, and E are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass %) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. A: A mass ratio in which the burning rate measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is 3.0 cm / s and the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1123 is 1.0 mass %. B: A mass ratio in which the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1123 is 1.0 mass % and the refrigerating capacity is 85% with respect to R404A. C: A mass ratio in which the refrigerating capacity is 85% with respect to R404A and the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass %. D: A mass ratio in which the concentration (mass %) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass % and the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.25 MPa. E: A mass ratio in which the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.25 MPa and the burning rate measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard is 3.0 cm / s. "The combustion rate measured in accordance with ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard is 3.0 cm / s" means a value less than half of the combustion rate (10 cm / s), which is the criterion for classifying as class 2L (slightly flammable) in the ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard, indicating that it is relatively safe among the refrigerants specified in class 2L. Specifically, being "a value less than half of the combustion rate (10 cm / s)" is relatively safe in that the flame is less likely to spread even if ignition occurs. Hereinafter, the combustion rate measured in accordance with ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard is also simply referred to as "combustion rate".

[0412] In refrigerant 2B, the combustion rate of the three-component mixed refrigerant is preferably more than 0 and 2.5 cm / s or less, more preferably more than 0 and 2.0 cm / s or less, and still more preferably more than 0 and 1.5 cm / s or less.

[0413] Both points A and B are on the straight line a. That is, the line segment AB is a part of the straight line a. The straight line a is a straight line indicating the mass ratio at which the concentration (mass%) of HFO-1123 is 1.0 mass%. In the region on the HFO-1123 side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the straight line a, the concentration of HFO-1123 in the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 1.0 mass%.

[0414] In FIG. 2C, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO-1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, the line segment indicating the mass ratio at which the concentration of HFO-1123 is 1.0 mass% is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0415] Line segment indicating the mass ratio at which the concentration (mass%) of HFO-1123 is 1.0 mass%: a part of the straight line c connecting the two points A and B (line segment AB in FIG. 2C) y = 1.0 z = 100 - x - y 27.1 ≦ x ≦ 42.5 Points B and C are both on curve b. Curve b is a curve showing a mass ratio where the refrigerating capacity is 85% of that of R404A. In the regions of the triangular composition diagram on the HFO-1132(E) vertex side and the HFO-1123 vertex side of curve b, the refrigerating capacity of the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 85% of that of R404A.

[0416] Curve b is obtained as follows.

[0417] Table 209 shows three points where the refrigerating capacity ratio to R404A is 85% when HFO-1132(E) is 1.0, 15.0, and 27.1 mass% (mass%). Curve b is represented by the line connecting these three points. Here, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E)=x, the mass% of HFO-1123=y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf=z, curve b is approximated by the formula in Table 209 by the least squares method.

[0418]

Table 209

[0419] Points C and D are both on straight line c. That is, line segment CD is part of straight line c. Straight line c is a straight line showing a mass ratio where the concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass%. In the region of the triangular composition diagram on the HFO-1132(E) vertex side of straight line c, the concentration of HFO-1132(E) in the three-component mixed refrigerant exceeds 1.0 mass%.

[0420] In FIG. 2C, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E)=x, the mass% of HFO-1123=y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf=z, the line segment showing the mass ratio where the concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass% is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0421] Line segment showing the mass ratio where the concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass%: Part of straight line c connecting two points C and D (line segment CD in FIG. 2C) x = 1.0 z = 100 - x - y 30.4 ≤ y ≤ 57.0 Points D and E are both on curve d. Curve d is a curve showing the mass ratio with a saturation pressure of 2.25 MPa at 40°C. In the region of the ternary composition diagram on the HFO-1234yf side of the vertex compared to curve d, the ternary mixed refrigerant has a saturation pressure at 40°C less than 2.25 MPa.

[0422] Curve d is obtained as follows.

[0423] Table 210 shows three points where the saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.25 MPa when HFO-1132(E) = 1.0, 20.0, and 42.5 mass%. Curve d is shown as the line connecting these three points. Here, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO-1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, curve d is approximated by the formula in Table 210 using the least squares method.

[0424]

Table 210

[0425] Points A and E are both on line e. Line e is a line showing the mass ratio at which the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s. In the regions of the ternary composition diagram on the HFO-1234yf side and the HFO-1123 side of the vertex compared to line e, the ternary mixed refrigerant has a combustion speed less than 3.0 cm / s.

[0426] In Figure 2C, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO-1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, the mass ratio at which the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s is approximated by the line segment represented by the following formula.

[0427] Line segment showing the mass ratio at which the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s: A part of the straight line e connecting points A and E (line segment AE in Figure 2C) x = 42.5 z = 100 - x - y 1.0 ≤ y ≤ 24.1 The ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf has the following characteristics in terms of the mass ratio within the range of the region (ABCDE region) surrounded by the lines connecting five points A, B, C, D and E respectively: (1) the GWP is 125 or less; (2) the refrigeration capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A; (3) the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.25 MPa or less; and (4) the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0428] In refrigerant 2B, the mass ratio of the three components is within the range of the region surrounded by the figure passing through five points, in the triangular composition diagram with the three components as each vertex, point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass %), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass %), point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass %), point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 52.2 / 46.8 mass %) and point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass %). Preferably, it is within the range of the region surrounded by the figure passing through these five points.

[0429] In other words, in refrigerant 2B, the mass ratio of the three components is shown in the triangular composition diagram of Figure 2C with the three components as each vertex: point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass %), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass %), point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass %), Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 52.2 / 46.8 mass%) and point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass%) It is preferably within the range of the region surrounded by the straight line a, the curve b, the straight line c, the curve f, and the straight line e connecting these five points respectively.

[0430] Regarding the triangular composition diagram with the above three components as each vertex, it is as described above.

[0431] In FIG. 2C, point A, point B, point C, point F, and point G are points having the above coordinates, indicated by open circles (○).

[0432] The technical meanings of points A, B, and C are as described above.

[0433] The technical meanings of points F and G are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass%) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. F: The concentration (mass%) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass%, and the mass ratio with a saturation pressure of 2.15 MPa at 40°C G: The saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.15 MPa, and the mass ratio with a combustion rate of 3.0 cm / s measured according to the ANSI / ASHRAE34-2013 standard Regarding the straight line a, the curve b, the straight line c, and the straight line e, it is as described above. Point F is on the straight line c, and point G is on the straight line e.

[0434] Both points F and G are on the curve f. The curve f is a curve showing the mass ratio with a saturation pressure of 2.15 MPa at 40°C. In the region on the HFO-1234yf side of the vertex of the triangular composition diagram compared to the curve f, the mixed refrigerant of the three components has a saturation pressure of less than 2.15 MPa at 40°C.

[0435] The curve f is obtained as follows.

[0436] Table 211 shows three points where the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.25 MPa when HFO-1132(E) = 1.0, 20.0, and 42.5 mass%. Curve f is shown as the line connecting these three points. Here, when the mass% of HFO-1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO-1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO-1234yf = z, curve f is approximated by the formula in Table 211 using the least squares method.

[0437] [Table 211]

[0438] The ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf has the following characteristics within the mass ratio range of the region (ABCFG region) surrounded by the lines connecting the five points A, B, C, F, and G respectively: (1) the GWP is 125 or less; (2) the refrigerating capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A; (3) the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.15 MPa or less; and (4) the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0439] In refrigerant 2B, the mass ratio of the three components is in the triangular composition diagram with the three components as each vertex. Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%) Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%) Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%) Point H (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 35.2 / 63.8 mass%) Point I (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.4 / 29.8 / 42.8 mass%) and Point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass%) It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the six points.

[0440] In other words, in the refrigerant 2B, the mass ratios of the three components are shown in the triangular composition diagram of FIG. 2C with the three components as each vertex: Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass %), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass %), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass %), Point H (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 35.2 / 63.8 mass %), Point I (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.4 / 29.8 / 42.8 mass %) and Point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass %) It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the straight line a, curve b, straight line c, curve g, curve f and straight line e connecting the six points respectively.

[0441] Regarding the triangular composition diagram with the above three components as each vertex, it is as described above.

[0442] In FIG. 2C, points A, B, C, G, H and I are points with the above coordinates, indicated by open circles (○).

[0443] The technical meanings of points A, B, C and G are as described above.

[0444] The technical meanings of points H and I are as follows. Also, the concentration (mass %) of each point is the same as the value obtained in the examples described later. H: The concentration (mass %) of HFO-1132(E) is 1.0 mass %, and the mass ratio at which the COP is 100% with respect to R404A I: The mass ratio where the COP is 100% with respect to R404A and the saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.15 MPa For the straight line a, curve b, straight line c, straight line e, and curve f, it is as described above. Point H is on the straight line c, and point I is on the curve f.

[0445] Both point H and I are on the curve g. The curve g is a curve showing the mass ratio where the COP is 100% with respect to R404A. In the regions on the HFO - 1132(E) vertex side and the HFO - 1234yf vertex side of the ternary composition diagram compared to the curve g, the mixed refrigerant of the three components has a COP less than 100% with respect to R404A.

[0446] The curve g is obtained as follows.

[0447] Table 212 shows three points where the saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.25 MPa when HFO - 1132(E) = 1.0, 20.0, and 42.5 mass%. The curve f is shown as the line connecting these three points. Here, when the mass% of HFO - 1132(E) = x, the mass% of HFO - 1123 = y, and the mass% of HFO - 1234yf = z, the curve f is approximated by the formula in Table 212 using the least - squares method.

[0448]

Table 212

[0449] The ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO - 1132(E), HFO - 1123, and HFO - 1234yf has the following characteristics in the mass ratio within the region (ABCHIG region) surrounded by the lines connecting the six points A, B, C, H, I, and G respectively: (1) The GWP is 125 or less, (2) The refrigerating capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A, (3) The COP is 100% or more compared to R404A, (4) The saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.15 MPa or less, and (5) The combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0450] Refrigerant 2B contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf in a total concentration of 99.5 mass% or more. Among them, it is preferable that the total amount of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf in the entire Refrigerant 2B is 99.7 mass% or more, more preferably 99.8 mass% or more, and even more preferably 99.9 mass% or more.

[0451] Refrigerant 2B can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire Refrigerant 2B is preferably 0.5 mass% or less, more preferably 0.3 mass% or less, even more preferably 0.2 mass% or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 mass% or less. Other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. Refrigerant 2B may contain other refrigerants alone or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[0452] It is particularly preferable that Refrigerant 2B consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf in the entire Refrigerant 2B is 100 mass%.

[0453] When Refrigerant 2B consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratio of the three components is in a triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), Point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 57.0 / 42.0 mass%) and Point E (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 24.1 / 33.4 mass%) It is preferably within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through these five points.

[0454] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, D, and E are as described above. Regarding the area surrounded by the figure passing through the five points A, B, C, D, and E, it is as described above.

[0455] In this case, the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf has the following characteristics in terms of the mass ratio within the area (ABCDE area) surrounded by the lines connecting the five points A, B, C, D, and E respectively: (1) the GWP is 125 or less, (2) the refrigerating capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A, (3) the saturation pressure at 40 °C is 2.25 MPa or less, and (4) the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0456] When refrigerant 2B consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratio of the three components is in the triangular composition diagram with these three components as the respective vertices, Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), Point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 52.2 / 46.8 mass%) and Point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass%) It is more preferable that it is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the five points.

[0457] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, F, and G are as described above. Regarding the area surrounded by the figure passing through the five points A, B, C, F, and G, it is as described above.

[0458] In this case, the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf has the following characteristics in terms of the mass ratio within the range of the area (ABCFG area) surrounded by the lines connecting the five points A, B, C, F, and G respectively: (1) the GWP is 125 or less, (2) the refrigerating capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A, (3) the saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.15 MPa or less, and (4) the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0459] When refrigerant 2B consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf, the mass ratio of the three components is, in the triangular composition diagram with these three components as each vertex, point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%), point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%), point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), point H (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 35.2 / 63.8 mass%), point I (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.4 / 29.8 / 42.8 mass%) and point G (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass%) It is even more preferable that it is within the range of the area surrounded by the figure passing through the six points.

[0460] The technical meanings of points A, B, C, G, H, and I are as described above. Regarding the area enclosed by the figure passing through the six points A, B, C, H, I, and G, it is as described above.

[0461] In this case, the ternary mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf has the following characteristics in terms of the mass ratio within the area (ABCHIG area) enclosed by the lines connecting the six points A, B, C, H, I, and G respectively: (1) the GWP is 125 or less; (2) the refrigerating capacity is 85% or more compared to R404A; (3) the COP is 100% or more compared to R404A; (4) the saturation pressure at 40°C is 2.15 MPa or less; and (5) the combustion speed is 3.0 cm / s or less.

[0462] Since the GWP of refrigerant 2B is 125 or less, from the perspective of global warming, the environmental load can be significantly reduced compared to other general refrigerants.

[0463] [Examples of Refrigerant 2B] Examples are given below for a more detailed explanation. However, the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0464] Test Example 1 The GWPs of the mixed refrigerants shown in Examples 1 to 38, Comparative Examples 1 to 9, and Reference Example 1 (R404A) were evaluated based on the values in the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change).

[0465] The COP, refrigerating capacity, and saturation pressure at 40°C of these mixed refrigerants were obtained by performing theoretical calculations of the refrigeration cycle of the mixed refrigerants under the following conditions using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST), Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0). Evaporation temperature: -40°C Condensation temperature: 40°C Superheat temperature: 20 K Subcooling temperature: 0 K Compressor efficiency: 70%

[0466] The results of Test Example 1 are shown in Tables 213 to 216. In Tables 213 to 216, "COP ratio (vs. R404A)" and "refrigerating capacity ratio (vs. R404A)" indicate the ratio (%) with respect to R404A. In Tables 213 to 216, "saturation pressure (40°C)" indicates the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C.

[0467] The coefficient of performance (COP) was determined by the following formula. COP = (refrigerating capacity or heating capacity) / power consumption

[0468] The flammability of the mixed refrigerant was judged by measuring the combustion rate in accordance with the ANSI / ASHRAE34 - 2013 standard with the mixing composition of the mixed refrigerant as the WCF concentration.

[0469] The combustion rate test was conducted as follows. First, the used mixed refrigerant had a purity of 99.5% or higher, and was degassed by repeating the cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no trace of air was visible on the vacuum gauge. The combustion rate was measured by the closed - method. The initial temperature was the ambient temperature. Ignition was carried out by generating an electrical spark between electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 - 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 - 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using Schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two acrylic windows through which light passes was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. The Schlieren image of the flame was recorded by a high - speed digital video camera at a framing rate of 600 fps and saved on a PC. When the combustion rate could not be measured (0 cm / s), it was regarded as "none (non - flammable)".

[0470] The combustion range of the mixed refrigerant was measured using a measuring device (refer to Figure 1T) based on ASTM E681-09. Specifically, a spherical glass flask with an internal volume of 12 liters was used so that the combustion state could be visually observed and recorded by video. The glass flask was designed to release gas from the upper lid when excessive pressure was generated by combustion. The ignition method was generated by discharge from an electrode held at a height of 1 / 3 from the bottom.

[0471] <Test Conditions> Test Container: 280 mmφ spherical (Internal Volume: 12 liters) Test Temperature: 60°C ± 3°C Pressure: 101.3 kPa ± 0.7 kPa Moisture: 0.0088 g ± 0.0005 g per 1 g of dry air (moisture content at 50% relative humidity at 23°C) Refrigerant Composition / Air Mixing Ratio: 1 vol.% increments ± 0.2 vol.% Refrigerant Composition Mixing: ± 0.1 mass% Ignition Method: AC Discharge, Voltage 15 kV, Current 30 mA, Neon Transformer Electrode Spacing: 6.4 mm (1 / 4 inch) Spark: 0.4 seconds ± 0.05 seconds Judgment Criteria: · When the flame spreads more than 90 degrees around the ignition point = Flame propagation exists (flammable) · When the flame spread is 90 degrees or less around the ignition point = No flame propagation (non-flammable)

[0472]

Table 213

[0473]

Table 214

[0474]

Table 215

[0475]

Table 216

[0476] (1-6-3) Refrigerant 2C In one aspect, Refrigerant 2C contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. With respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 35.0 to 65.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 65.0 to 35.0% by mass. This refrigerant may be referred to as "Refrigerant 2C1".

[0477] (1-6-3-1) Refrigerant 2C1 By having the above-described configuration, Refrigerant 2C1 has the following characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) having a COP equal to or higher than that of R404A, and (3) having a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A.

[0478] In Refrigerant 2C1, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 35.0% by mass or more, a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A can be obtained. Also, in Refrigerant 2C1, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 65.0% by mass or less, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C in the refrigeration cycle of Refrigerant 2C1 can be maintained within a suitable range (particularly 2.10 Mpa or less).

[0479] In Refrigerant 2C1, the refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A may be 95% or more, preferably 98% or more, more preferably 100% or more, still more preferably 101% or more, and particularly preferably 102% or more.

[0480] Since the refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, it can significantly reduce the environmental impact compared to other general-purpose refrigerants from the perspective of global warming.

[0481] In terms of energy consumption efficiency, it is preferable that the ratio of the power consumed to the refrigerating capacity (coefficient of performance (COP)) in the refrigeration cycle for the refrigerant 2C1 relative to R404A is high. Specifically, the COP relative to R404A is preferably 98% or more, more preferably 100% or more, and particularly preferably 102% or more.

[0482] In the refrigerant 2C1, it is preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 40.5 to 59.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 59.5 to 41.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP relative to R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigerating capacity relative to R404A of 99% or more. Furthermore, in this case, since the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.75 MPa or more and 2.00 MPa or less, it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R404A without major design changes.

[0483] In the refrigerant 2C1, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 59.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 41.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP relative to R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigerating capacity relative to R404A of 99.5% or more. Furthermore, in this case, since the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 2.00 MPa or less, it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R404A without major design changes.

[0484] In refrigerant 2C1, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 55.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 45.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99.5% or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.95 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available R404A refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0485] In refrigerant 2C1, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 53.5% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 46.5% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C1 has the characteristics that its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R404A is 102% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 99.5% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.94 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available R404A refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0486] In refrigerant 2C1, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 51.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 49.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C1 has the characteristics that its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R404A is 102% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 99% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.90 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available R404A refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0487] In refrigerant 2C1, it is most preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C1 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99.5% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available R404A refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0488] In refrigerant 2C1, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is usually 2.10 MPa or less, preferably 2.00 MPa or less, more preferably 1.95 MPa or less, still more preferably 1.90 MPa or less, and particularly preferably 1.88 MPa or less. If the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is within such a range, refrigerant 2C1 can be applied to a commercially available R404A refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0489] In refrigerant 2C1, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is usually 1.70 MPa or more, preferably 1.73 MPa or more, more preferably 1.74 MPa or more, still more preferably 1.75 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 1.76 MPa or more. If the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is within such a range, refrigerant 2C1 can be applied to a commercially available R404A refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0490] In the present disclosure, when refrigerant 2C1 is used to operate a refrigeration cycle, from the viewpoint of extending the life of the members of a commercially available R404A refrigeration device, the discharge temperature is preferably 150°C or less, more preferably 140°C or less, still more preferably 130°C or less, and particularly preferably 120°C or less.

[0491] By using the refrigerant 2C1 to operate a refrigeration cycle with an evaporation temperature of -75 to -5°C, there is an advantage that a refrigeration capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A can be obtained.

[0492] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, when the evaporation temperature exceeds -5°C, the compression ratio becomes less than 2.5, and the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle deteriorates. In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, when the evaporation temperature is less than -75°C, the evaporation pressure becomes less than 0.02 MPa, and it becomes difficult to suck the refrigerant into the compressor. The compression ratio can be obtained by the following formula. Compression ratio = Condensing pressure (Mpa) / Evaporation pressure (Mpa)

[0493] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably -7.5°C or lower, more preferably -10°C or lower, and still more preferably -35°C or lower.

[0494] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher, more preferably -60°C or higher, still more preferably -55°C or higher, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher.

[0495] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher and -5°C or lower, more preferably -60°C or higher and -5°C or lower, still more preferably -55°C or higher and -7.5°C or lower, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher and -10°C or lower.

[0496] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, from the viewpoint of improving the suction of the refrigerant into the compressor, the evaporation pressure is preferably 0.02 MPa or higher, more preferably 0.03 MPa or higher, still more preferably 0.04 MPa or higher, and particularly preferably 0.05 MPa or higher.

[0497] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, from the viewpoint of improving the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle, the compression ratio is preferably 2.5 or more, more preferably 3.0 or more, still more preferably 3.5 or more, and particularly preferably 4.0 or more. In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C1 of the present disclosure is used, from the viewpoint of improving the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle, the compression ratio is preferably 200 or less, more preferably 150 or less, still more preferably 100 or less, and particularly preferably 50 or less.

[0498] The refrigerant 2C1 may usually contain HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in a total of these concentrations of 99.5% by mass or more. In the present disclosure, it is preferable that the total amount of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C1 is 99.7% by mass or more, more preferably 99.8% by mass or more, and still more preferably 99.9% by mass or more.

[0499] The refrigerant 2C1 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire refrigerant 2C1 is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less. Other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. The refrigerant 2C1 may contain other refrigerants alone or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[0500] It is particularly preferable that the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C1 is 100% by mass.

[0501] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is usually 35.0 to 65.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is usually 65.0 to 35.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. By having such a composition, the refrigerant 2C1 has various characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) a COP equal to or higher than that of R404A, and (3) a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A.

[0502] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 40.5 to 59.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 59.5 to 41.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99% or more. Furthermore, in this case, since the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.75 MPa or more and 2.00 MPa or less, it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0503] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 59.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 41.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99.5% or more. Furthermore, in this case, since the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C1 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 2.00 MPa or less, it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0504] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 55.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 45.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99.5% or more. Further, in this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has a saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C of 1.76 MPa or more and 1.95 MPa or less, and can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0505] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 53.5% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 46.5% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has the characteristics that its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R404A is 102% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 99.5% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has a saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C of 1.76 MPa or more and 1.94 MPa or less, and can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0506] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 51.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 49.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Furthermore, in this case, the saturated pressure of the refrigerant 2C1 at a saturated temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.90 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0507] When the refrigerant 2C1 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is most preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C1 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99.5% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Furthermore, in this case, the saturated pressure of the refrigerant 2C1 at a saturated temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0508] (1-6-3-2) Refrigerant 2C2 In one aspect, the refrigerant contained in the composition of the present disclosure contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, and the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 40.5 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 59.5 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. This refrigerant may be referred to as "refrigerant 2C2".

[0509] By having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C2 has the following characteristics: (1) a sufficiently low GWP (100 or less), (2) a COP equal to or higher than that of R404A, (3) a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A, and (4) slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.75 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0510] In the refrigerant 2C2, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 40.5% by mass or more, a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A can be obtained. Also, in the refrigerant 2C2, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 49.2% by mass or less, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C in the refrigeration cycle of the refrigerant 2C2 can be maintained within a suitable range (particularly 2.10 MPa or less).

[0511] In the refrigerant 2C2, the refrigerating capacity relative to R404A is preferably 99% or more, more preferably 100% or more, still more preferably 101% or more, and particularly preferably 103% or more.

[0512] Since the GWP of the refrigerant 2C2 is 100 or less, the environmental load can be significantly reduced compared to other general-purpose refrigerants from the perspective of global warming.

[0513] From the perspective of energy consumption efficiency, it is preferable that the ratio of the power consumed in the refrigeration cycle relative to R404A to the refrigerating capacity (coefficient of performance (COP)) of the refrigerant 2C2 is high. Specifically, the COP relative to R404A is preferably 98% or more, more preferably 100% or more, still more preferably 101% or more, and particularly preferably 102% or more.

[0514] In refrigerant 2C2, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is preferably 41.3 to 49.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is preferably 58.7 to 50.8% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP relative to R404A is 102% or more, its refrigerating capacity relative to R404A is 99.5% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0515] In refrigerant 2C2, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is more preferably 43.0 to 49.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is more preferably 57.0 to 50.8% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP relative to R404A is 102% or more, its refrigerating capacity relative to R404A is 101% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.78 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0516] In refrigerant 2C2, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 44.0 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 56.0 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.80 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available R404A refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0517] In refrigerant 2C2, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 45.0 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 55.0 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 102% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.81 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available R404A refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0518] In refrigerant 2C2, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 45.0 to 48.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 55.0 to 52.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102.5% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 102.5% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.81 MPa or more and 1.87 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0519] In refrigerant 2C2, it is most preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 45.0 to 47.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 55.0 to 53.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102.5% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 102.5% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.81 MPa or more and 1.85 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0520] In refrigerant 2C2, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is usually 2.10 MPa or less, preferably 2.00 MPa or less, more preferably 1.95 MPa or less, still more preferably 1.90 MPa or less, and particularly preferably 1.88 MPa or less. If the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is within such a range, refrigerant 2C2 can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0521] In refrigerant 2C2, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is usually 1.70 MPa or more, preferably 1.73 MPa or more, more preferably 1.74 MPa or more, still more preferably 1.75 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 1.76 MPa or more. If the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of 40°C is within such a range, refrigerant 2C2 can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0522] In the present disclosure, when refrigerant 2C2 is used to operate a refrigeration cycle, from the viewpoint of extending the life of the members of a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A, the discharge temperature is preferably 150°C or lower, more preferably 140°C or lower, still more preferably 130°C or lower, and particularly preferably 120°C or lower.

[0523] In the present disclosure, from the viewpoint of obtaining a refrigeration capacity equal to or greater than that of R404A, refrigerant 2C2 is preferably used to operate a refrigeration cycle in which the evaporation temperature is -75 to 15°C.

[0524] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C2 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably 15°C or lower, more preferably 5°C or lower, still more preferably 0°C or lower, and particularly preferably -5°C or lower.

[0525] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C2 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher, more preferably -60°C or higher, still more preferably -55°C or higher, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher.

[0526] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C2 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher and 15°C or lower, more preferably -60°C or higher and 5°C or lower, still more preferably -55°C or higher and 0°C or lower, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher and -5°C or lower.

[0527] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C2 of the present disclosure is used, from the viewpoint of improving the suction of the refrigerant into the compressor, the evaporation pressure is preferably 0.02 MPa or more, more preferably 0.03 MPa or more, still more preferably 0.04 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 0.05 MPa or more.

[0528] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C2 of the present disclosure is used, from the viewpoint of improving the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle, the compression ratio is preferably 2.5 or more, more preferably 3.0 or more, still more preferably 3.5 or more, and particularly preferably 4.0 or more.

[0529] The refrigerant 2C2 may usually contain HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in a total of these concentrations of 99.5% by mass or more. In the present disclosure, if the total amount of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C2 is 99.7% by mass or more, it is preferable, if it is 99.8% by mass or more, it is more preferable, and if it is 99.9% by mass or more, it is still more preferable.

[0530] The refrigerant 2C2 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire refrigerant 2C2 is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less. Other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. The refrigerant 2C2 may contain other refrigerants alone or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[0531] It is particularly preferable that the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C2 is 100% by mass.

[0532] When the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is usually 40.5 to 49.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is usually 59.5 to 50.8% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. By having such a composition, the refrigerant 2C2 has the following characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) having a COP equal to or higher than that of R404A, (3) having a refrigerating capacity equal to or higher than that of R404A, and (4) being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturated pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturated temperature of 40°C is 1.75 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0533] When the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3 to 49.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 58.7 to 50.8% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C2 has the following characteristics: a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 99.5% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturated pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturated temperature of 40°C is 1.76 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0534] When the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 43.0 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 57.0 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40 °C is 1.78 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0535] When the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is even more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 44.0 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 56.0 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C2 has various properties such as a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R404A of 102% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A of 101% or more, and being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40 °C is 1.80 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R404A refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0536] When the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 45.0 to 49.2% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 55.0 to 50.8% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C2 has properties such that its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R404A is 102% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 102% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.81 MPa or more and 1.88 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0537] When the refrigerant 2C2 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 45.0 to 48.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 55.0 to 52.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C2 has properties such that its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R404A is 102.5% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R404A is 102.5% or more, and it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C2 at a saturation temperature of 40°C is 1.81 MPa or more and 1.87 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R404A without major design changes.

[0538] (1-6-3-3) Refrigerant 2C3 In one aspect, the refrigerant contained in the composition of the present disclosure contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, and the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 39.8% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 60.2% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. This refrigerant may be referred to as "refrigerant 2C3".

[0539] By having the above-described configuration, refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) a sufficiently low GWP (100 or less), (2) a COP equivalent to that of R134a, (3) a refrigerating capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a, and (4) a discharge temperature of 90°C or less.

[0540] In refrigerant 2C3, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 31.1 mass% or more, a refrigerating capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a can be obtained. Also, in refrigerant 2C3, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 39.8 mass% or less, the discharge temperature in the refrigeration cycle of refrigerant 2C3 can be maintained at 90°C or less, and the service life of the members of the refrigeration device for R134a can be ensured to be long.

[0541] In refrigerant 2C3, the refrigerating capacity with respect to R134a may be 150% or more, preferably 151% or more, more preferably 152% or more, still more preferably 153% or more, and particularly preferably 154% or more.

[0542] In refrigerant 2C3, the discharge temperature in the refrigeration cycle is preferably 90.0°C or less, more preferably 89.7°C or less, still more preferably 89.4°C or less, and particularly preferably 89.0°C or less.

[0543] Since the GWP of refrigerant 2C3 is 100 or less, the environmental load can be significantly reduced compared to other general-purpose refrigerants from the perspective of global warming.

[0544] From the perspective of energy consumption efficiency, it is preferable that the refrigerant 2C3 has a high ratio of the power consumed in the refrigeration cycle to the refrigeration capacity (coefficient of performance (COP)) with respect to R134a. Specifically, the COP with respect to R134a is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 91% or more, still more preferably 91.5% or more, and particularly preferably 92% or more.

[0545] In the refrigerant 2C3, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is usually 31.1 to 39.8% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is usually 68.9 to 60.2% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. By having such a configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has various characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) having a COP comparable to that of R134a, (3) having a refrigeration capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a, and (4) a discharge temperature of 90.0°C or less.

[0546] In the refrigerant 2C3, it is preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 37.9% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 62.1% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has various characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) having a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) having a refrigeration capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a, (4) a discharge temperature of 90.0°C or less, and (5) a critical temperature of 81°C or more.

[0547] In refrigerant 2C3, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 32.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less); (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a; (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 151% or more compared to R134a; (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less; and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0548] In refrigerant 2C3, it is even more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 33.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 67.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less); (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a; (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 152% or more compared to R134a; (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less; and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0549] In refrigerant 2C3, it is still more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 34.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 66.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less); (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a; (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 153% or more compared to R134a; (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less; and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0550] In refrigerant 2C3, it is particularly preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 35.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 65.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less); (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a; (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 155% or more compared to R134a; (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less; and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0551] In the present disclosure, when refrigerant 2C3 is used to operate a refrigeration cycle, from the viewpoint of extending the life of the members of a commercially available refrigeration device for R134a, the discharge temperature is preferably 90.0°C or less, more preferably 89.7°C or less, still more preferably 89.4°C or less, and particularly preferably 89.0°C or less.

[0552] In the present disclosure, when refrigerant 2C3 is used to operate a refrigeration cycle, since the refrigeration cycle requires a process of liquefying (condensing) the refrigerant, it is necessary that the critical temperature is significantly higher than the temperature of the cooling water or cooling air for liquefying the refrigerant. From such a viewpoint, in the refrigeration cycle in which refrigerant 2C3 of the present disclosure is used, the critical temperature is preferably 80°C or more, more preferably 81°C or more, still more preferably 81.5°C or more, and particularly 82°C or more.

[0553] In the present disclosure, from the viewpoint of obtaining a refrigerating capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a, refrigerant 2C3 is usually used to operate a refrigeration cycle having an evaporation temperature of -75 to 15°C.

[0554] In the refrigeration cycle in which refrigerant 2C3 of the present disclosure is used, the evaporation temperature is preferably 15°C or less, more preferably 5°C or less, still more preferably 0°C or less, and particularly preferably -5°C or less.

[0555] In the refrigeration cycle using the refrigerant 2C3 of the present disclosure, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher, more preferably -60°C or higher, still more preferably -55°C or higher, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher.

[0556] In the refrigeration cycle using the refrigerant 2C3 of the present disclosure, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher and 15°C or lower, more preferably -60°C or higher and 5°C or lower, still more preferably -55°C or higher and 0°C or lower, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher and -5°C or lower.

[0557] In the refrigeration cycle using the refrigerant 2C3 of the present disclosure, from the viewpoint of performance improvement, the critical temperature of the refrigerant is preferably 80°C or higher, more preferably 81°C or higher, still more preferably 81.5°C or higher, and particularly preferably 82°C or higher.

[0558] Refrigerant 2C3 may usually contain HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in a total amount of these concentrations of 99.5% by mass or more. In the present disclosure, if the total amount of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C3 is 99.7% by mass or more, it is preferable, if it is 99.8% by mass or more, it is more preferable, and if it is 99.9% by mass or more, it is still more preferable.

[0559] Refrigerant 2C3 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of other refrigerants in the entire refrigerant 2C3 is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less. Other refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. Refrigerant 2C3 may contain other refrigerants alone or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[0560] The refrigerant 2C3 preferably consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C3 is 100% by mass.

[0561] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is usually 31.1 to 39.8% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is usually 68.9 to 60.2% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. By having such a composition, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) having a COP comparable to that of R134a, (3) having a refrigerating capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a, and (4) a discharge temperature of 90°C or less.

[0562] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 37.9% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above composition, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) having a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) having a refrigerating capacity of 150% or more compared to R134a, (4) a discharge temperature of 90.0°C or less, and (5) a critical temperature of 81°C or more.

[0563] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 32.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 151% or more compared to R134a, (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less, and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0564] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is even more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 33.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 67.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 152% or more compared to R134a, (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less, and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0565] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is even more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 34.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 66.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 153% or more compared to R134a, (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less, and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0566] When the refrigerant 2C3 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, it is more preferable that the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 35.0 to 37.9% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 65.0 to 62.1% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, by having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C3 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP of 92% or more compared to R134a, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 155% or more compared to R134a, (4) the discharge temperature is 90.0°C or less, and (5) the critical temperature is 81°C or more.

[0567] (1-6-3-4) Refrigerant 2C4 In one aspect, the refrigerant contained in the composition of the present disclosure contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, and the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 21.0 to 28.4% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 79.0 to 71.6% by mass with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. This refrigerant may be referred to as "refrigerant 2C4".

[0568] By having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant 2C4 has the following characteristics: (1) the GWP is sufficiently small (100 or less), (2) it has a COP comparable to that of R1234yf, (3) it has a refrigerating capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf, and (4) it is slightly flammable (class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.380 MPa or more and 0.420 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available refrigeration device for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0569] In refrigerant 2C4, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 21.0% by mass or more, a refrigerating capacity of 140% or more can be obtained as compared with R1234yf. Further, in refrigerant 2C4, when the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is 28.4% by mass or less, it becomes easier to secure a critical temperature of 83.5°C or higher.

[0570] In refrigerant 2C4, the refrigerating capacity relative to R1234yf may be 140% or more, preferably 142% or more, more preferably 143% or more, still more preferably 145% or more, and particularly preferably 146% or more.

[0571] Since the GWP of refrigerant 2C4 is 100 or less, the environmental load can be significantly reduced as compared with other general-purpose refrigerants from the viewpoint of global warming.

[0572] From the viewpoint of energy consumption efficiency, refrigerant 2C4 preferably has a high ratio of the power consumed in the refrigeration cycle to the refrigerating capacity (coefficient of performance (COP)) relative to R1234yf. Specifically, the COP relative to R1234yf is preferably 95% or more, more preferably 96% or more, still more preferably 97% or more, and particularly preferably 98% or more.

[0573] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is preferably 21.5 to 28.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is preferably 78.5 to 72.0% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R1234yf is 98% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf is 140% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), its discharge temperature is 65.0°C or less, and its critical temperature is 83.5°C or more. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.383 MPa or more and 0.418 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0574] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is more preferably 22.0 to 27.7% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is more preferably 78.0 to 72.3% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R1234yf is 98% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf is 140% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), its discharge temperature is 65.0°C or less, and its critical temperature is 83.5°C or more. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.385 MPa or more and 0.417 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0575] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is more preferably 22.5 to 27.5% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is more preferably 77.5 to 72.5% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has the following characteristics: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R1234yf is 98% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf is 140% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), its discharge temperature is 64.8°C or less, and its critical temperature is 83.8°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.388 MPa or more and 0.414 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0576] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is particularly preferably 23.0 to 27.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is particularly preferably 77.0 to 72.8% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has the following characteristics: its GWP is 100 or less, its COP with respect to R1234yf is 98% or more, its refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf is 141% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), its discharge temperature is 64.8°C or less, and its critical temperature is 83.8°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.390 MPa or more and 0.414 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0577] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is particularly preferably 23.5 to 27.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is particularly preferably 76.5 to 73.0% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has various properties such as having a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R1234yf of 98% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf of 142% or more, being slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), having a discharge temperature of 64.8°C or less, and having a critical temperature of 83.8°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.390 MPa or more and 0.414 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available R1234yf refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0578] In refrigerant 2C4, with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is most preferably 24.0 to 26.7% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is most preferably 76.0 to 73.3% by mass. In this case, refrigerant 2C4 has various properties such as having a GWP of 100 or less, a COP with respect to R1234yf of 98% or more, a refrigerating capacity with respect to R1234yf of 144% or more, being slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), having a discharge temperature of 64.6°C or less, and having a critical temperature of 84.0°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.396 MPa or more and 0.411 MPa or less, and it can be applied to a commercially available R1234yf refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0579] In refrigerant 2C4, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of -10°C is usually 0.420 MPa or less, preferably 0.418 MPa or less, more preferably 0.417 MPa or less, still more preferably 0.415 MPa or less, and particularly preferably 0.413 MPa or less. If it is within such a range, refrigerant 2C4 can be applied to a commercially available R1234yf refrigeration device without major design changes.

[0580] In refrigerant 2C4, the saturation pressure at a saturation temperature of -10°C is usually 0.380 MPa or more, preferably 0.385 MPa or more, more preferably 0.390 MPa or more, still more preferably 0.400 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 0.410 MPa or more. In these cases, refrigerant 2C4 can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0581] In the present disclosure, when refrigerant 2C4 is used to operate a refrigeration cycle, from the perspective of extending the life of the components of a commercially available R1234yf refrigeration device, the discharge temperature is preferably 65°C or lower, more preferably 64.8°C or lower, still more preferably 64.7°C or lower, and particularly preferably 64.5°C or lower.

[0582] In the present disclosure, from the perspective of obtaining a refrigeration capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf, refrigerant 2C4 is preferably used to operate a refrigeration cycle in which the evaporation temperature is -75 to 5°C.

[0583] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C4 of the present disclosure is used, from the perspective of obtaining a refrigeration capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf, the evaporation temperature is preferably 5°C or lower, more preferably 0°C or lower, still more preferably -5°C or lower, and particularly preferably -10°C or lower.

[0584] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C4 of the present disclosure is used, from the perspective of obtaining a refrigeration capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf, the evaporation temperature is preferably -75°C or higher, more preferably -60°C or higher, still more preferably -55°C or higher, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher.

[0585] In the refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant 2C4 of the present disclosure is used, from the perspective of obtaining a refrigeration capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf, the evaporation temperature is preferably -65°C or higher and 0°C or lower, more preferably -60°C or higher and -5°C or lower, still more preferably -55°C or higher and -7.5°C or lower, and particularly preferably -50°C or higher and -10°C or lower.

[0586] In the refrigeration cycle using the refrigerant 2C4 of the present disclosure, from the viewpoint of extending the life of the members of a commercially available refrigeration device for R1234yf, the discharge temperature is preferably 65.0 °C or lower, more preferably 64.9 °C or lower, still more preferably 64.8 °C or lower, and particularly preferably 64.7 °C or lower.

[0587] In the present disclosure, when the refrigerant 2C4 is used to operate the refrigeration cycle, since the refrigeration cycle requires a process of liquefying (condensing) the refrigerant, the critical temperature needs to be significantly higher than the temperature of the cooling water or cooling air for liquefying the refrigerant. From such a viewpoint, in the refrigeration cycle using the refrigerant 2C4 of the present disclosure, the critical temperature is preferably 83.5 °C or higher, more preferably 83.8 °C or higher, still more preferably 84.0 °C or higher, and particularly preferably 84.5 °C or higher.

[0588] The refrigerant 2C4 can further contain other refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf within a range that does not impair the above characteristics. In this case, the content ratio of the other refrigerant in the entire refrigerant 2C4 is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less. The other refrigerant is not particularly limited and can be widely selected from known refrigerants widely used in this field. The refrigerant 2C4 may contain another refrigerant alone or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[0589] It is particularly preferable that the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In other words, it is particularly preferable that the total concentration of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in the entire refrigerant 2C4 is 100% by mass.

[0590] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is usually 21.0 to 28.4% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is usually 79.0 to 71.6% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. By having such a composition, the refrigerant 2C4 has various characteristics: (1) a sufficiently small GWP (100 or less), (2) having a COP comparable to that of R1234yf, (3) having a refrigerating capacity of 140% or more compared to R1234yf, and (4) being slightly flammable (Class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.380 MPa or more and 0.420 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0591] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is preferably 21.5 to 28.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is preferably 78.5 to 72.0% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C4 has various characteristics: the GWP is 100 or less, the COP relative to R1234yf is 98% or more, the refrigerating capacity relative to R1234yf is 140% or more, it is slightly flammable (Class 2L according to the ASHRAE standard), the discharge temperature is 65.0°C or less, and the critical temperature is 83.5°C or more. Further, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.383 MPa or more and 0.418 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available R1234yf refrigeration devices without major design changes.

[0592] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is more preferably 22.0 to 27.7% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is more preferably 78.0 to 72.3% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C4 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less, the COP relative to R1234yf is 98% or more, the refrigerating capacity relative to R1234yf is 140% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), the discharge temperature is 65.0°C or less, and the critical temperature is 83.5°C or more. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.385 MPa or more and 0.417 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0593] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is even more preferably 22.5 to 27.5% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is even more preferably 77.5 to 72.5% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C4 has various properties: its GWP is 100 or less, the COP relative to R1234yf is 98% or more, the refrigerating capacity relative to R1234yf is 140% or more, it is slightly flammable according to the ASHRAE standard (being Class 2L), the discharge temperature is 64.8°C or less, and the critical temperature is 83.8°C or more. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.388 MPa or more and 0.414 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0594] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is particularly preferably 23.0 to 27.2% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is particularly preferably 77.0 to 72.8% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C4 has various properties, such as having a GWP of 100 or less, a COP of 98% or more with respect to R1234yf, a refrigerating capacity of 141% or more with respect to R1234yf, being slightly flammable (class 2L) according to ASHRAE standards, having a discharge temperature of 64.8°C or less, and having a critical temperature of 83.8°C or more. Furthermore, in this case, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant 2C4 at a saturation temperature of -10°C is 0.390 MPa or more and 0.414 MPa or less, and it can be applied to commercially available refrigeration devices for R1234yf without major design changes.

[0595] When the refrigerant 2C4 consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, the content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is particularly preferably 23.5 to 27.0% by mass, and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is particularly preferably 76.5 to 73.0% by mass, based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. In this case, the refrigerant 2C4 has various properties, such as having a GWP...

Claims

1. A refrigerant circuit (10) having a compressor, a condenser, a decompression section, and an evaporator; A refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit (10) and containing at least HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf; Comprising: Used in at least any one of a hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, and a hydrogen vehicle; The refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in a total concentration of 99.5% by mass or more; Based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf; The content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 40.5 to 49.2% by mass; The content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 59.5 to 50.8% by mass; A refrigeration cycle device for automobiles.

2. The refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf; The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles according to Claim 1.

3. A refrigerant circuit (10) having a compressor, a condenser, a decompression section, and an evaporator; A refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit (10) and containing at least HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf; Comprising: Used in at least any one of a hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, and a hydrogen vehicle; The refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in a total concentration of 99.5% by mass or more; Based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf; The content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1 to 39.8% by mass; The content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 68.9 to 60.2% by mass; A refrigeration cycle device for automobiles.

4. The refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf; The refrigeration cycle device for automobiles according to Claim 3.

5. A refrigerant circuit (10) having a compressor, a condenser, a decompression section, and an evaporator; A refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit (10) and containing at least HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf; Comprising: Used in at least any one of a hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, and a hydrogen vehicle; The refrigerant contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf in a total concentration of 99.5% by mass or more; Based on the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf; The content ratio of HFO-1132(E) is 21.0 to 28.4% by mass; An automotive refrigeration cycle device in which the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 79.0 to 71.6% by mass. Automotive refrigeration cycle device.

6. The refrigerant consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. The automotive refrigeration cycle device according to claim 5.

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