Cross-Link Interference (CLI) Aided Hybrid Network Positioning

Abstract

Determining the location of a target mobile device in a wireless communication network employing time division duplexing (TDD) can use a wireless reference signal from another mobile device with a known location. The other mobile device can be configured to transmit a wireless reference signal using cross-link interference (CLI), where the target mobile device receives the signal during a period in which the target mobile device is configured to receive downlink (DL) communications. The target mobile device then transmits another wireless reference signal, which is received by a base station, which also receives the wireless reference signal from the other mobile device. The timing of these various signals received at the target mobile device and the base station can be used to determine the location of the mobile device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001]

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to determining the location (or position) of a user equipment (UE) using radio frequency (RF) signals.

Background Art

[0002]

[0002] In data communication networks, various positioning techniques can be used to determine the position of a mobile device (also referred to herein as a user equipment or UE). Some of these positioning techniques may involve determining the distance and / or angle information of RF signals transmitted by one or more base stations of the data communication network. However, these determinations often involve the use of many base stations and may consume processing resources, time, and power. Such positioning can be a burden, especially for mobile devices with a low power budget.

Summary of the Invention

[0003]

[0003] Embodiments described herein provide a low-power solution for determining the location of a target mobile device in a wireless communication network that utilizes time-division duplexing (TDD) by leveraging a wireless reference signal from another mobile device having a known position. In particular, the other mobile device may be configured to transmit the wireless reference signal using cross-link interference (CLI), and the signal is received by the target mobile device during a period in which the target mobile device is configured to receive downlink (DL) communication from a base station. The target mobile device then transmits another wireless reference signal, which is received by the base station, and the base station also receives the wireless reference signal from the other mobile device. The timings of these various signals received at the target mobile device and the base station can be used to determine the location of the mobile device. This determination can be made by the mobile device, the base station, or a location server, depending on the desired functionality.

[0004]

[0004] An exemplary method for determining the position of a first mobile device according to the present disclosure includes obtaining a first time difference, where the first time difference is the time when a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device and the time when the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal, and where the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network employing time-division duplexing (TDD), and the first wireless reference signal includes cross-link interference (CLI) transmission such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity therebetween. The method also includes obtaining a second time difference, where the second time difference is the time difference between the time when the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network and the time when the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station. The method also includes determining the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference. The method also includes providing the position of the first mobile device.

[0005]

[0005] An exemplary network-connected device for determining the location of a first mobile device according to the present disclosure includes a transceiver, a memory, and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to obtain a first time difference, wherein the first time difference is the time when a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device and the time when the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal, wherein the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network that employs time division duplex (TDD), and the first wireless reference signal includes a cross-link interference (CLI) transmission such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity therebetween. The one or more processing units are further configured to obtain a second time difference, wherein the second time difference is the time difference between the time when the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network and the time when the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station. The one or more processing units are further configured to determine the location of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference. The one or more processing units are further configured to provide the location of the first mobile device.

[0006]

[0006] An exemplary apparatus for determining the position of a first mobile device according to the present disclosure comprises means for obtaining a first time difference, wherein the first time difference is the time when a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device and the time when the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal, wherein the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network employing time division duplex (TDD), and the first wireless reference signal comprises cross-link interference (CLI) transmission such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity therebetween. The apparatus further comprises means for obtaining a second time difference, wherein the second time difference is the time difference between the time when the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network and the time when the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station. The apparatus further comprises means for determining the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference. The apparatus further comprises means for providing the position of the first mobile device.

[0007]

[0007] According to the present disclosure, an exemplary non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions for determining the position of a first mobile device, the instructions comprising code for obtaining a first time difference, where the first time difference is the time when a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device and the time when the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal, where the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network that employs time division duplexing (TDD), and the first wireless reference signal comprises cross-link interference (CLI) transmission such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity therebetween. The instructions further comprise code for obtaining a second time difference, where the second time difference is the time difference between the time when the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network and the time when the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station. The instructions further comprise code for determining the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference. The instructions further comprise code for providing the position of the first mobile device.

[0008]

[0008] The summary of the invention is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used in isolation to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter. The subject matter should be understood by reference to the entire specification of the present disclosure, any or all of the drawings, and the appropriate portions of each claim. This will be described in more detail below, along with other features and examples, in the following specification, claims, and attached drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0009]

Figure 1

[0009] Diagram of a positioning system according to an embodiment.

Figure 2

[0010] Diagram of a 5G NR positioning system showing an embodiment of a positioning system implemented within a 5th generation (5G) New Radio (NR) communication system (e.g., the positioning system of FIG. 1).

Figure 3

[0011] Diagram showing an example of a frame structure for NR and associated terms.

Figure 4

[0012] Diagram showing an example of cross-link interference (CLI).

Figure 5

[0013] Schematic diagram showing how CLI-aided hybrid network positioning of a target user equipment (UE) 510 can be performed using a single base station according to an embodiment.

Figure 6

[0014] Time-distance diagram showing how timing can be used in the configuration shown in FIG. 5 according to an embodiment.

Figure 7

[0015] Call flow diagram showing an embodiment of the process of CLI-aided hybrid network positioning of a mobile device.

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

[0016] Schematic diagram showing an exemplary variation to the configuration shown in FIG. 5 that can be used according to an embodiment.

Figure 11

[0017] Flow diagram of a method for determining the position of a first mobile device according to an embodiment.

Figure 12

[0018] Block diagram of an embodiment of an exemplary mobile device that can be utilized in the embodiments described herein.

Figure 13

[0019] Block diagram of an exemplary base station embodiment that may be utilized in the embodiments described herein.

Figure 14

[0020] Block diagram of an exemplary computer system embodiment that may be utilized in the embodiments described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010]

[0021] Like reference numerals in the various drawings indicate like elements by several exemplary implementations.

[0011]

[0022] The following description is directed to several implementations for the purpose of describing inventive aspects of various embodiments. However, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the teachings of this specification can be applied in many different ways. The described implementations can be implemented in any device, system, or network capable of transmitting and receiving radio frequency (RF) signals according to any communication standard, such as systems that utilize 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, or further implementations thereof, wireless, cellular, or Internet of Things (IoT) networks, including those identified as Wi-Fi (registered trademark) technology, any of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) IEEE 802.11 standards, Bluetooth (registered trademark) standards, code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM (registered trademark)), GSM / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA), Wideband CDMA (W-CDMA (registered trademark)), Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO), 1xEV-DO, EV-DO RevA, EV-DO RevB, High Rate Packet Data (HRPD), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Evolved High Speed Packet Access (HSPA+), Long Term Evolution (LTE (registered trademark)), Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), or other known signals.

[0012]

[0023] As used herein, an "RF signal" comprises an electromagnetic wave that transports information through the space between a transmitter (or transmitting device) and a receiver (or receiving device). A transmitter as used herein may transmit a single "RF signal" or a plurality of "RF signals" to a receiver. However, due to the propagation characteristics of the RF signal through a multipath channel, a receiver may receive a plurality of "RF signals" corresponding to each transmitted RF signal. The same transmitted RF signal on different paths between the transmitter and the receiver may be referred to as a "multipath" RF signal.

[0013]

[0024] Furthermore, references such as "reference signal", "positioning reference signal", "reference signal for positioning", etc. may be used to refer to signals used for the positioning of a mobile device (also referred to herein as a user equipment (UE)). As will be described in more detail herein, such signals may comprise any of a variety of signal types, but are not necessarily limited to positioning reference signals (PRS) or sounding reference signals (SRS) defined in the relevant wireless standards.

[0014]

[0025] As described above, in a data communication network (e.g., a broadband wireless network, a cellular phone network, etc.), various positioning techniques can be used to determine the position of a mobile device or UE. These positioning techniques often involve determining the distance and / or angle information of received wireless reference signals transmitted by one or more base stations of the data communication network. However, these determinations often involve the use of many base stations and may consume processing resources, time, and power. When multiple base stations are involved, for example, a mobile device may need to sample several reference signals transmitted by several base stations. When a single base station is involved, an angle of departure (AoD) measurement can be performed, in which case the mobile device may need to sample signals transmitted on multiple beams (e.g., up to 64 different beams). This amount of sampling can consume a relatively large amount of power for the mobile device. This is especially true for smaller mobile devices such as mobile phones, wearable devices (smart watches, smart glasses, etc.).

[0015]

[0026] As will be described in further detail below, embodiments of the present specification provide for the determination of the location of a target mobile device by using a wireless reference signal from another mobile device that transmits the wireless reference signal using cross-link interference (CLI). The target mobile device then transmits another wireless reference signal, which is received by a base station, which also receives a wireless reference signal from that other mobile device. As will be described in further detail below, the timings of these various signals received at the target mobile device and the base station can be used, along with the locations of the base station and the other mobile device, to determine the location of the mobile device. According to some embodiments, the location of the mobile device can be further determined based on measurements of the angles of the wireless reference signals received at the base station. Additionally or alternatively, the location can be further based on trilateration using additional mobile devices in a similar manner as that other mobile device. According to some embodiments, some or all of the reference signals used can comprise signals that can be used for communication. This enables the positioning of the target mobile device with little or no additional signals required for transmission, thereby reducing the impact that positioning can have on the power consumption of the mobile device. Additional details follow after the initial description of the related systems and techniques.

[0016]

[0027] FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram of a positioning system 100 in which a mobile device 1200, a location server 160, and / or other components of the positioning system 100 can use the techniques provided herein for CLI-aided hybrid network positioning. The techniques described herein can be implemented by one or more components of the positioning system 100. The positioning system 100 can include a mobile device 1200, one or more satellites 110 (also referred to as space vehicles (SVs)) for a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), GLONASS, Galileo, or Beidou, a base station 120, an access point (AP) 130, a location server 160, a network 170, and an external client 180. Generally speaking, the positioning system 100 can estimate the location of the mobile device 1200 based on RF signals received and / or sent from the mobile device 1200 and the known locations of other components (e.g., GNSS satellites 110, base station 120, AP 130) that transmit and / or receive the RF signals. Further details regarding specific location estimation techniques are described in more detail with respect to FIG. 2.

[0017]

[0028] FIG. 1 provides only a generalized view of various components, and it should be noted that any or all of them may be used as appropriate, and each of them may be replicated as needed. Specifically, although only one mobile device 1200 is shown, it will be understood that many UEs (e.g., hundreds, thousands, millions, etc.) may utilize the positioning system 100. Similarly, the positioning system 100 may include more or fewer base stations 120 and / or APs 130 than shown in FIG. 1. The illustrated connections that connect the various components in the positioning system 100 may include additional (intermediate) components, direct or indirect physical and / or wireless connections, and / or additional networks, and are provided with data and signaling connections. Further, the components may be rearranged, combined, separated, replaced, and / or omitted depending on the desired functionality. In some embodiments, for example, the external client 180 may be directly connected to the location server 160. Those skilled in the art will recognize many modifications to the illustrated components.

[0018]

[0029] Depending on the desired function, network 170 may comprise any of a variety of wireless and / or wireline networks. Network 170 can comprise, for example, any combination such as public and / or private networks, local and / or wide area networks. Further, network 170 may utilize one or more wired and / or wireless communication technologies. In some embodiments, network 170 may comprise, for example, a cellular or other mobile network, a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless wide area network (WWAN), and / or the Internet. Examples of network 170 include a Long Term Evolution (LTE) wireless network, a 5G wireless network (also referred to as a New Radio (NR) wireless network or a 5th Generation (5G) NR wireless network), a Wi-Fi WLAN, and the Internet. LTE, 5G, and NR are wireless technologies defined or being defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP™). Network 170 may also include two or more networks and / or two or more types of networks.

[0019]

[0030] The base station 120 and the access point (AP) 130 are communicatively coupled to the network 170. In some embodiments, the base station 120 may be owned, maintained, and / or operated by a cellular network provider and may employ any of a variety of wireless technologies, as described hereinafter herein. Depending on the technology of the network 170, the base station 120 may include a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station (RBS), an NR Node B (gNB), a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), and the like. The base station 120, which is a gNB or ng-eNB, may be part of a next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN) that can connect to a 5G core network (5GC) when the network 170 is a 5G network. The AP 130 may include, for example, a Wi-Fi AP or a Bluetooth AP. Thus, the mobile device 1200 can send and receive information with network-connected devices such as the location server 160 by accessing the network 170 via the base station 120 using the first communication link 133. Additionally or alternatively, since the AP 130 may also be communicatively coupled to the network 170, the mobile device 1200 can communicate with network-connected and Internet-connected devices, including the location server 160, using the second communication link 135.

[0020]

[0031] As used herein, the term "base station" generally can refer to a single physical transmission point, or multiple collocated physical transmission points, that can be disposed at base station 120. A transmit receive point (TRP) (also known as a transmit / receive point), which corresponds to this type of transmission point, can be used interchangeably herein with the terms "gNB", "ng-eNB", and "base station". In some cases, base station 120 can include multiple TRPs, for example, each TRP being associated with a different antenna or different antenna array for base station 120. A physical transmission point can include an array of antennas of base station 120 (such as in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system and / or when the base station employs beamforming). The term "base station" can further refer to multiple non-collocated physical transmission points, where the physical transmission points can be a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a network of spatially separated antennas connected to a common source via a transport medium), or a remote radio head (RRH) (a remote base station connected to a serving base station).

[0021]

[0032] As used herein, the term "cell" generally can refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with base station 120, and can be associated with an identifier (such as a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID)) for distinguishing neighboring cells operating via the same or different carriers. In some examples, a carrier can support multiple cells, and different cells can be configured according to different protocol types (such as machine type communication (MTC), narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), etc.) that provide access to different types of devices. In some cases, the term "cell" can refer to a portion (such as a sector) of the geographic coverage area in which the logical entity operates.

[0022]

[0033] The location server 160 may comprise a server and / or other computing device configured to determine the estimated location of the mobile device 1200 and / or to provide data (e.g., "assistance data") to the mobile device 1200 to facilitate location measurements and / or location determination by the mobile device 1200. According to some embodiments, the location server 160 may support a Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) User Plane (UP) location solution defined by the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA), and may comprise a Home SUPL Location Platform (H-SLP) that may support a location service for the mobile device 1200 based on subscription information for the mobile device 1200 stored in the location server 160. In some embodiments, the location server 160 may comprise a Discovery SLP (D-SLP) or an Emergency SLP (E-SLP). The location server 160 may further comprise an Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC) that supports the location of the mobile device 1200 using a Control Plane (CP) location solution for LTE radio access by the mobile device 1200. The location server 160 may further comprise a Location Management Function (LMF) that supports the location of the mobile device 1200 using a Control Plane (CP) location solution for NR or LTE radio access by the mobile device 1200.

[0023]

[0034] In the CP location solution, signaling for controlling and managing the location of the mobile device 1200 can be exchanged between elements of the network 170 and with the mobile device 1200 using existing network interfaces and protocols and as signaling from the perspective of the network 170. In the UP location solution, signaling for controlling and managing the location of the mobile device 1200 can be exchanged between the location server 160 and the mobile device 1200 as data from the perspective of the network 170 (e.g., data transported using the Internet Protocol (IP) and / or the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)).

[0024]

[0035] As described above (and more particularly below), the estimated location of the mobile device 1200 can be based on measurements of RF signals sent from and / or received by the mobile device 1200. In particular, these measurements can provide information regarding the relative distance and / or angle of the mobile device 1200 from one or more components in the positioning system 100 (e.g., GNSS satellites 110, APs 130, base stations 120). The estimated location of the mobile device 1200 can be geometrically estimated (e.g., using multiangulation and / or multilateration) based on distance and / or angle measurements along with the known locations of one or more components.

[0025]

[0036] Ground components such as the AP 130 and the base station 120 may be fixed, but embodiments are not so limited. Mobile components may be used. For example, in some embodiments, the location of the mobile device 1200 may be estimated based at least in part on measurements of RF signals 140 communicated between the mobile device 1200 and one or more other UEs 145 that may be mobile or fixed. When one or more other UEs 145 are used in the positioning of a particular mobile device 1200, the mobile device 1200 whose location is to be determined may be referred to as the "target UE", and each of the one or more other UEs 145 used may be referred to as an "anchor UE". For the positioning of the target UE, the location of each of the one or more anchor UEs may be known and / or may be determined together with the target UE. The direct communication between the one or more other UEs 145 and the mobile device 1200 may comprise sidelink and / or similar device-to-device (D2D) communication techniques. The sidelink defined by 3GPP is a form of D2D communication under cellular-based LTE and NR standards.

[0026]

[0037] The estimated location of the mobile device 1200 can be used in various applications, for example, to assist in direction finding or navigation for the user of the mobile device 1200, or to assist another user (e.g., associated with the external client 180) in identifying the location of the mobile device 1200. As used herein, "location" is also referred to as "location estimate", "estimated location", "location", "position", "position estimate", "position fix", "estimated position", "location fix", or "fix". The process of determining a location may be referred to as "positioning", "position determination", "location determination", etc. The location of the mobile device 1200 may comprise the absolute location of the mobile device 1200 (e.g., latitude and longitude and possibly altitude) or the relative location of the mobile device 1200 (e.g., north or south, east or west and possibly up or down distance from some other known fixed location or some other location such as the location of the mobile device 1200 at some known previous time) from some other location. The location may be specified as a geodesic location with coordinates that can be absolute (e.g., latitude, longitude and possibly altitude), relative (e.g., relative to some known absolute location), or local (e.g., X, Y and possibly Z coordinates in a coordinate system defined for a local area such as a factory, warehouse, university campus, shopping mall, sports stadium, or convention center). The location may alternatively be an urban location, in which case it may comprise one or more of a street address (e.g., name or label for a country, state, county, city, road and / or street, and / or including a road or street number), and / or a label or name for a place, building, part of a building, floor of a building, and / or room within a building.The location may further include an indication of uncertainty or error, such as a horizontal distance and possibly a vertical distance, where the location is expected to be incorrect, or an area or volume (e.g., a circle or an ellipse) within which the mobile device 1200 is expected to be located with some level of confidence (e.g., 95% confidence).

[0027]

[0038] The external client 180 can be a web server or a remote application that may have some association with the mobile device 1200 (e.g., can be accessed by the user of the mobile device 1200), or a server, application, or computer system that provides a location service to one or more other users that may include obtaining and providing the location of the mobile device 1200 (e.g., to enable services such as a friend or relative finder, or a child or pet locator). Additionally or alternatively, the external client 180 can obtain the location of the mobile device 1200 and provide it to an emergency service provider, a government agency, etc.

[0028]

[0039] As described above, an exemplary positioning system 100 can be implemented using a wireless communication network such as an LTE-based or 5G NR-based network. FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a 5G NR positioning system 200 showing an embodiment of a positioning system that implements 5G NR (e.g., positioning system 100). The 5G NR positioning system 200 may be configured to determine the location of the mobile device 1200 by using access nodes 210, 214, 216 (which may correspond to the base station 120 and access point 130 of FIG. 1) and, optionally, the LMF 220 (which may correspond to the location server 160) to implement one or more positioning methods. Here, the 5G NR positioning system 200 comprises the mobile device 1200 and components of a 5G NR network comprising a Next Generation (NG) Radio Access Network (RAN) (NG-RAN) 235 and a 5G Core Network (5G CN) 240. The 5G network may also be referred to as an NR network, the NG-RAN 235 may be referred to as a 5G RAN or NR RAN, and the 5G CN 240 may be referred to as an NG core network. The 5G NR positioning system 200 may further utilize information from GNSS satellites 110 from a GNSS system such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) or a similar system (e.g., GLONASS, Galileo, Beidou, Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS)). Additional components of the 5G NR positioning system 200 are described below. The 5G NR positioning system 200 may include additional or alternative components.

[0029]

[0040] FIG. 2 provides only a generalized view of various components, and it should be noted that any or all of them may be used as appropriate, and each of them may be replicated or omitted as needed. Specifically, although only one mobile device 1200 is shown, it will be understood that many UEs (e.g., hundreds, thousands, millions, etc.) may utilize the 5G NR positioning system 200. Similarly, the 5G NR positioning system 200 may include a larger (or smaller) number of GNSS satellites 110, gNBs 210, ng-eNBs 214, wireless local area networks (WLANs) 216, access and mobility management functions (AMFs) 215, external clients 230, and / or other components. The illustrated connections that connect the various components in the 5G NR positioning system 200 may include additional (intermediate) components, direct or indirect physical and / or wireless connections, and / or additional networks, including data and signaling connections. Further, the components may be rearranged, combined, separated, replaced, and / or omitted depending on the desired functionality.

[0030]

[0041] Mobile device 1200 may be provided with and / or referred to as a device, mobile device, wireless device, mobile terminal, terminal, mobile station (MS), secure user plane location (SUPL) enabled terminal (SET), or may be called by some other name. Additionally, mobile device 1200 may correspond to a cellphone, smartphone, laptop, tablet, personal digital assistant (PDA), navigation device, internet of things (IoT) device, or some other portable or mobile device. Generally, but not necessarily, mobile device 1200 may support wireless communication using one or more radio access technologies (RATs) such as GSM, CDMA, W-CDMA, LTE, high rate packet data (HRPD), IEEE802.11 Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX (registered trademark)), 5G NR (e.g., using NG-RAN 235 and 5G CN 240), etc. Mobile device 1200 may also support wireless communication using WLAN 216 that can connect to other networks such as the Internet (as with one or more RATs and as described above with respect to FIG. 1). Use of one or more of these RATs enables mobile device 1200 to communicate with external client 230 (e.g., via elements of 5G CN 240 not shown in FIG. 2 or, in some cases, via gateway mobile location center (GMLC) 225), and / or may enable external client 230 to receive location information regarding mobile device 1200 (e.g., via GMLC 225). External client 230 of FIG. 2 may correspond to external client 180 of FIG. 1 implemented in or communicatively coupled to a 5G NR network.

[0031]

[0042] Mobile device 1200 may include a single entity, or may include multiple entities, such as in a personal area network where the user may employ audio, video and / or data I / O devices, and / or body sensors, and / or a separate wired or wireless modem. An estimated value of the location of mobile device 1200 may be referred to as a location, location estimate, location fix, fix, position, position estimate, or position fix, and may provide location coordinates (e.g., latitude and longitude) for mobile device 1200 that are geodetic and thus may or may not include an altitude component (e.g., height above sea level, height above or below the earth's surface, floor level or story level). Alternatively, the location of mobile device 1200 may be represented as an urban location (e.g., as a postal destination or as a designation of some point or small area within a building, such as a particular room or floor). The location of mobile device 1200 may also be represented as an area or volume within which mobile device 1200 is expected to be located (defined either geodetically or in an urban form) with a certain probability or confidence level (e.g., 67%, 95%, etc.). The location of mobile device 1200 may further be a relative location with distance and direction or relative X, Y (and Z) coordinates defined with respect to some origin at a known location defined, for example, by reference to a point, area, or volume shown on a map, floor plan, or building plan, either geodetically, with respect to a city, or otherwise. In the descriptions contained herein, the use of the term location may encompass any of these variations unless otherwise specified. When calculating the location of a UE, it is common to determine the values of the local X, Y, and optionally Z coordinates and then, if necessary, convert the local coordinates to absolute coordinates (e.g., with respect to latitude, longitude, and altitude above or below mean sea level).

[0032]

[0043] The base stations in the NG-RAN 235 shown in FIG. 2 may correspond to the base station 120 in FIG. 1 and may include NR Node Bs (gNBs) 210-1 and 210-2 (collectively and generically referred to herein as gNB 210). Pairs of gNBs 210 in the NG-RAN 235 may be connected to each other (e.g., directly as shown in FIG. 2 or indirectly via other gNBs 210). The communication interface between base stations (gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214) may be referred to as the Xn interface 237. Access to the 5G network is provided to the mobile device 1200 via wireless communication between the mobile device 1200 and one or more of the gNBs 210 that may provide wireless communication access to the 5G CN 240 for the mobile device 1200 using 5G NR. The wireless interface between the base stations (gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214) and the mobile device 1200 may be referred to as the Uu interface 239. 5G NR radio access may also be referred to as NR radio access or 5G radio access. In FIG. 2, it is assumed that the serving gNB for the mobile device 1200 is gNB 210-1, but other gNBs (e.g., gNB 210-2) may serve as the serving gNB if the mobile device 1200 moves to another location or may serve as a secondary gNB to provide additional throughput and bandwidth to the mobile device 1200.

[0033]

[0044] The base stations in the NG-RAN 235 shown in FIG. 2 may also or alternatively include next-generation evolved nodes B 214, also called ng-eNBs. The ng-eNB 214 may be connected to one or more gNBs 210 in the NG-RAN 235, for example, directly or indirectly via other gNBs 210 and / or other ng-eNBs. The ng-eNB 214 may provide LTE wireless access and / or evolved LTE (eLTE) wireless access to the mobile device 1200. Some of the gNBs 210 (e.g., gNB 210-2) and / or ng-eNBs 214 in FIG. 2 may transmit signals (e.g., positioning reference signals (PRS)) and / or broadcast assistance data for assisting in the positioning of the mobile device 1200, and may be configured to function as positioning-only beacons that may not receive signals from the mobile device 1200 or from other UEs. Note that although only one ng-eNB 214 is shown in FIG. 2, some embodiments may include multiple ng-eNBs 214. The base stations 210, 214 may communicate directly with each other via the Xn communication interface. Additionally or alternatively, the base stations 210, 214 may communicate directly or indirectly with other components of the 5G NR positioning system 200, such as the LMF 220 and the AMF 215.

[0034]

[0045] The 5G NR positioning system 200 may also include one or more WLANs 216 that can be connected to a non-3GPP interworking function (N3IWF) 250 in the 5G CN 240 (e.g., in the case of an untrusted WLAN 216). For example, the WLAN 216 may support IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi access for the mobile device 1200 and may include one or more Wi-Fi APs (e.g., AP 130 in FIG. 1). Here, the N3IWF 250 can be connected to other elements in the 5G CN 240, such as the AMF 215. In some embodiments, the WLAN 216 may support another RAT, such as Bluetooth. The N3IWF 250 may provide support for secure access by the mobile device 1200 to other elements in the 5G CN 240 and / or support the interworking of one or more protocols used by the WLAN 216 and the mobile device 1200 with one or more protocols used by other elements of the 5G CN 240, such as the AMF 215. For example, the N3IWF 250 may support the establishment of an IPSec tunnel with the mobile device 1200, the termination of the IKEv2 / IPSec protocol with the mobile device 1200, the termination of the N2 and N3 interfaces to the 5G CN 240 for the control plane and the user plane, respectively, and the relay of uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) control plane non-access stratum (NAS) signaling between the mobile device 1200 and the AMF 215 over the N1 interface. In some other embodiments, the WLAN 216 may be directly connected to an element in the 5G CN 240 (e.g., the AMF 215 as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 2) without going through the N3IWF 250. For example, the direct connection of the WLAN 216 to the 5G CN 240 may be made when the WLAN 216 is a trusted WLAN for the 5G CN 240 and may be enabled using a trusted WLAN interworking function (TWIF) (not shown in FIG. 2) that may be an element within the WLAN 216.Although only one WLAN 216 is shown in FIG. 2, it should be noted that some embodiments may include multiple WLANs 216.

[0035]

[0046] The access node may comprise any of various network entities that enable communication between the mobile device 1200 and the AMF 215. This can include the gNB 210, the ng-eNB 214, the WLAN 216, and / or other types of cellular base stations. However, the access node that provides the functionality described herein may, additionally or alternatively, include entities that enable communication to any of various RATs not shown in FIG. 2, including non-cellular technologies. Thus, the term "access node" as used in the embodiments described herein may, but is not necessarily limited to, include the gNB 210, the ng-eNB 214, or the WLAN 216.

[0036]

[0047] In some embodiments, an access node such as gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, or WLAN 216 (either alone or in combination with other components of the 5G NR positioning system 200) may be configured to obtain location measurements of uplink (UL) signals received from the mobile device 1200 in response to receiving a request for location information from the LMF 220, and / or to obtain from the mobile device 1200 DL location measurements obtained by the mobile device 1200 for downlink (DL) signals received by the mobile device 1200 from one or more access nodes. As described, FIG. 2 shows access nodes 210, 214, and 216 configured to communicate according to 5G NR, LTE, and Wi-Fi communication protocols respectively, but access nodes configured to communicate according to other communication protocols may be used, such as Node B using the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA (R)) protocol for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service (UMTS) terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), eNB using the LTE protocol for the evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), or a Bluetooth beacon using the Bluetooth protocol for a WLAN. For example, in a 4G evolved packet system (EPS) that provides LTE wireless access to the mobile device 1200, the RAN may comprise a base station comprising an eNB that supports LTE wireless access, and may comprise an E-UTRAN. The core network for the EPS may comprise an evolved packet core (EPC). The EPS may, in that case, comprise an E-UTRAN + EPC, where the E-UTRAN corresponds to the NG-RAN 235 and the EPC corresponds to the 5G CN 240 in FIG. 2. The methods and techniques described herein for obtaining an urban location for the mobile device 1200 may be applicable to such other networks.

[0037]

[0048] gNB210 and ng-eNB214 can communicate with AMF215, which in turn can communicate with LMF220 for positioning functions. AMF215 can support the mobility of mobile device 1200, including cell changes and handovers of mobile device 1200 from access nodes 210, 214, or 216 of a first RAT to access nodes 210, 214, or 216 of a second RAT. AMF215 can also participate in supporting signaling connections to mobile device 1200 and, optionally, data and voice bearers for mobile device 1200. When mobile device 1200 accesses NG-RAN235 or WLAN216, LMF220 can support the positioning of mobile device 1200 using a CP location solution, including UE-assisted / UE-based and / or network-based procedures / methods such as Assisted GNSS (A-GNSS), Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) (which may be referred to as Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) in NR), Real-Time Kinematic (RTK), Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Differential GNSS (DGNSS), Extended Cell ID (ECID), Angle of Arrival (AOA), Angle of Departure (AOD), WLAN positioning, Round-Trip Signal Propagation Delay (RTT), Multi-Cell RTT, and / or other positioning procedures and methods. LMF220 can also process location service requests for mobile device 1200 received, for example, from AMF215 or GMLC225. LMF220 can be connected to AMF215 and / or GMLC225. In some embodiments, a network such as 5G CN240 can implement other types of location support modules, such as an Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC) or a SUPL Location Platform (SLP), as an addition or alternative.Note that in some embodiments, at least a portion of the positioning function (including determination of the location of mobile device 1200) may be performed at mobile device 1200 by, for example, measuring downlink PRS (DL-PRS) signals transmitted by wireless nodes such as gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, and / or WLAN 216, and / or by using assistance data provided to mobile device 1200, for example, by LMF 220.

[0038]

[0049] Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 225 may support location requests for mobile device 1200 received from external client 230 and forward such location requests to AMF 215 for forwarding to LMF 220. A location response from LMF 220 (including, for example, a location estimate for mobile device 1200) may be similarly returned to GMLC 225 either directly or via AMF 215, and GMLC 225 may then return the location response (including, for example, the location estimate) to external client 230.

[0039]

[0050] Network Exposure Function (NEF) 245 may be included in 5G CN 240. NEF 245 may support secure exposure of capabilities and events related to 5G CN 240 and mobile device 1200 to external client 230, which may in that case be referred to as Access Function (AF), and may enable secure provision of information from external client 230 to 5G CN 240. NEF 245 may be connected to AMF 215 and / or GMLC 225 for the purpose of obtaining the location of mobile device 1200 (e.g., urban location) and providing the location to external client 230.

[0040]

[0051] As further shown in FIG. 2, the LMF 220 may communicate with the gNB 210 and / or the ng-eNB 214 using the NR positioning protocol annex (NRPPa) defined in 3GPP technical specification (TS) 38.445. The NRPPa messages may be transferred between the gNB 210 and the LMF 220 and / or between the ng-eNB 214 and the LMF 220 via the AMF 215. As further shown in FIG. 2, the LMF 220 and the mobile device 1200 may communicate using the LTE positioning protocol (LPP) defined in 3GPP TS 37.355. Here, the LPP messages may be transferred between the mobile device 1200 and the LMF 220 via the AMF 215 and the serving gNB 210-1 or the serving ng-eNB 214 for the mobile device 1200. For example, the LPP messages may be transferred between the LMF 220 and the AMF 215 using messages for service-based operations (e.g., based on the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)), and may be transferred between the AMF 215 and the mobile device 1200 using the 5G NAS protocol. The LPP protocol may be used to support the positioning of the mobile device 1200 using UE-assisted and / or UE-based positioning methods such as A-GNSS, RTK, TDOA, multi-cell RTT, AOD, and / or ECID. The NRPPa protocol may be used to support the positioning of the mobile device 1200 using network-based positioning methods such as ECID, AOA, uplink TDOA (UL-TDOA), and / or may be used by the LMF 220 to obtain location-related information from the gNB 210 and / or the ng-eNB 214, such as parameters defining DL-PRS transmissions from the gNB 210 and / or the ng-eNB 214.

[0041]

[0052] In the case of the mobile device 1200 accessing the WLAN 216, the LMF 220 may use NRPPa and / or LPP to obtain the location of the mobile device 1200 in a manner similar to that just described for the mobile device 1200 accessing the gNB 210 or the ng-eNB 214. Thus, the NRPPa message may be transferred between the WLAN 216 and the LMF 220 via the AMF 215 and the N3IWF 250 to support network-based positioning of the mobile device 1200 and / or transfer of other location information from the WLAN 216 to the LMF 220. Alternatively, the NRPPa message is known to or accessible to the N3IWF 250 and may be transferred between the N3IWF 250 and the LMF 220 via the AMF 215 to support network-based positioning of the mobile device 1200 based on location-related information and / or location measurements transferred from the N3IWF 250 to the LMF 220 using NRPPa. Similarly, the LPP and / or LPP message may be transferred between the mobile device 1200 and the LMF 220 via the AMF 215, the N3IWF 250, and the serving WLAN 216 for the mobile device 1200 to support UE assistance or UE-based positioning of the mobile device 1200 by the LMF 220.

[0042]

[0053] In the 5G NR positioning system 200, the positioning method may be categorized as being "UE-assisted" or "UE-based". This may depend on where the request to determine the location of the mobile device 1200 originated. For example, if the request originated at the UE (e.g., from an application executed by the UE, or an "app"), the positioning method may be categorized as UE-based. On the other hand, if the request originated from an external client or the AF 230, the LMF 220, or some other device or service within the 5G network, the positioning method may be categorized as UE-assisted (or "network-based").

[0043]

[0054] In the UE-assisted positioning method, the mobile device 1200 may obtain location measurement values and send the measurement values to a location server (e.g., LMF 220) for calculating a location estimate for the mobile device 1200. In the RAT-dependent positioning method, the location measurement values may include one or more of received signal strength indicator (RSSI), round-trip signal propagation time (RTT), reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), reference signal time difference (RSTD), time of arrival (TOA), angle of arrival (AOA), receive time - transmit time difference (Rx - Tx), differential AOA (DAOA), angle of departure (AOD), or timing advance (TA) for one or more access points for the gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, and / or WLAN 216. Additionally or alternatively, similar measurements of sidelink signals transmitted by other UEs that may act as anchor points for positioning the mobile device 1200 may be made if the locations of the other UEs are known. The location measurement values may also or instead include measurements for RAT-independent positioning methods such as GNSS (e.g., GNSS pseudo range, GNSS code phase, and / or GNSS carrier phase for GNSS satellites 110), WLAN, etc.

[0044]

[0055] In the UE-based positioning method, the mobile device 1200 may obtain location measurement values (which may be the same or similar to, for example, the location measurement values for the UE-assisted positioning method), and may further calculate the location of the mobile device 1200 (with the help of assistance data received from a location server such as LMF 220, SLP, etc., or broadcast by the gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, or WLAN 216).

[0045]

[0056] In a network-based positioning method, one or more base stations (e.g., gNB210 and / or ng-eNB214), one or more APs (e.g., in WLAN216), or N3IWF250 may obtain location measurements (e.g., RSSI, RTT, RSRP, RSRQ, AOA, or TOA measurements) for signals transmitted by mobile device 1200 and / or may receive measurements obtained by mobile device 1200 or, in the case of N3IWF250, by an AP in WLAN216, and may send those measurements to a location server (e.g., LMF220) for calculating a location estimate for mobile device 1200.

[0046]

[0057] Positioning of mobile device 1200 may also be categorized as UL, DL, or DL-UL based, depending on the type of signal used for positioning. For example, if positioning is based only on signals received at mobile device 1200 (e.g., from a base station or another UE), the positioning may be categorized as DL-based. On the other hand, if positioning is based only on signals transmitted by mobile device 1200 (e.g., receivable by a base station or another UE), the positioning may be categorized as UL-based. Positioning that is DL-UL based includes positioning such as RTT-based positioning based on signals transmitted and received by mobile device 1200. Sidelink (SL) assisted positioning comprises signals communicated between mobile device 1200 and one or more other UEs. According to some embodiments, UL, DL, or DL-UL positioning as described herein may be able to use SL signaling as a supplement or replacement for SL, DL, or DL-UL signaling.

[0047]

[0058] Depending on the type of positioning (e.g., UL, DL, or DL-UL based), the type of reference signal used may vary. For example, in DL-based positioning, these signals may comprise PRS (e.g., DL-PRS transmitted by a base station or SL-PRS transmitted by another UE) that can be used for TDOA, AOD, and RTT measurements. Other reference signals that can be used for positioning (UL, DL, or DL-UL) may include sounding reference signals (SRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS: Channel State Information Reference Signal), synchronization signals (e.g., synchronization signal block (SSB) synchronization signal (SS)), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH: Physical Uplink Control Channel), physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared Channel), physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH: Physical Sidelink Shared Channel), demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. Moreover, the reference signals may be transmitted in a Tx beam (e.g., using beamforming techniques) and / or received in an Rx beam, which may affect angle measurements such as AOD and / or AOA.

[0048]

[0059] FIG. 3 shows an example of a frame structure and associated terms for NR that can serve as a basis for physical layer communication between a mobile device 1200 and a base station such as serving gNB 210-1. The transmission timeline for each of the downlink and uplink can be divided into units of radio frames. Each radio frame can have a predetermined duration (e.g., 10 ms) and can be divided into 10 subframes, each of 1 ms, having indices from 0 to 9. Each subframe can include a variable number of slots depending on the subcarrier spacing. Each slot can include a variable number of symbol periods (e.g., 7 or 14 symbols) depending on the subcarrier spacing. Symbol periods within each slot can be assigned indices. A mini-slot can have a sub-slot structure (e.g., 2, 3, or 4 symbols). Further shown in FIG. 3 is the complete orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) of a subframe indicating how a subframe can be divided into a plurality of resource blocks (RBs) over both time and frequency. A single RB can comprise a grid of resource elements (REs) over 14 symbols and 12 subcarriers.

[0049]

[0060] Each symbol in a slot may indicate a link direction (e.g., downlink (DL), uplink (UL), or flexible) or data transmission, and the link direction for each subframe may be switched dynamically. The link direction may be based on the slot format. Each slot may contain DL / UL data as well as DL / UL control information. In NR, a synchronization signal (SS) block is transmitted. The SS block includes a primary SS (PSS), a secondary SS (SSS), and a 2-symbol physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The SS block may be transmitted at a fixed slot location, such as symbols 0 to 3, as shown in FIG. 3. The PSS and SSS may be used by the UE for cell search and acquisition. The PSS may provide half-frame timing, and the SSS may provide cyclic prefix (CP) length and frame timing. The PSS and SSS may provide cell identification information. The PBCH carries several basic system information, such as downlink system bandwidth, timing information within a radio frame, SS burst set periodicity, system frame number, etc.

[0050]

[0061] The mobile device may receive a configuration that designates each symbol of the slot as being used for DL or UL communication or as being "flexible" (where the DL / UL designation may be determined later). The time-division duplex (TDD) mode of the structure is subject to interference when transmissions are made at the wrong time. Such transmissions made by other UEs (which may be configured differently) are known as co-channel interference (CLI), which is described in more detail with respect to FIG. 4.

[0051]

[0062] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of CLI. In this figure, the symbol configuration of a slot for the UE is shown. Each symbol is represented by a box, where "D" represents a symbol configured for DL communication, "U" represents a symbol configured for UL communication, and "F" is a symbol designated as flexible.

[0052]

[0063] CLI is UE - to - UE interference, where the UE causing the interference is known as the "aggressor UE" and the UE receiving the interference is known as the "victim UE". Since UEs in a TDD wireless communication network (e.g., a 5G NR network using the OFDM structure shown in FIG. 3) have different UL - DL slot configurations, this can result in a "collision" where the victim UE receives transmissions (e.g., CLI 410) from the aggressor UE. Specifically, CLI 410 may occur during one or more symbols (interfering symbols 420) where the aggressor UE has one or more UL symbols that collide with one or more DL symbols of the victim UE. These transmissions by the aggressor UE can include any of a variety of transmissions, such as PUCCH, PUSCH, the preamble of the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), or SRS. Note that the figure in FIG. 4 is only one of many possible types of CLI. Other CLIs may occur, for example, at one or more different locations within a slot, may use a single symbol or more symbols, and / or may occur between multiple discontinuous symbols, etc.

[0053]

[0064] According to embodiments of the present specification, CLI can be utilized as a reference signal for positioning. That is, according to some embodiments, a network (e.g., a serving base station) that configures slot usage by different UEs and also configures CLI resources for interference management may configure UEs such that CLI interference occurs, where the target UE and the anchor UE are the victim UE and the aggressor UE, respectively. The target (victim) UE may be configured to measure CLI 410.

[0054]

[0065] Also, according to some embodiments, this procedure may not affect the UL transmission of the aggressor UE. That is, the UL transmission by the anchor (aggressor) UE can be a standard transmission (such as PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS, etc.) or other non-positioning functions performed by the anchor UE during the communication process, and these are utilized for the purpose of determining the position of the target UE. Therefore, the configuration of the anchor UE may not be affected by this positioning procedure.

[0055]

[0066] According to some embodiments, the procedure can utilize other capabilities currently provided by the governing standards. For example, Release 16 of the relevant 3GPP standards defines layer 3 measurement and reporting mechanisms for CLI. Therefore, according to some embodiments, the target (victim) UE can report this measurement value to the network and perform it according to the existing standards. The measurement value of the CLI410 can include, for example, SRS-RSRP and / or CLI RSSI. Further (and in some cases, according to the existing governing standards), the target UE can receive a measurement resource configuration in which the target UE can measure and report the periodicity of the CLI410, the frequency RB, and the OFDM symbol. FIG. 5 shows how this measurement information can be used in the context of determining the position of the target UE.

[0056]

[0067] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing how CLI-assisted hybrid network positioning of target UE 510 can be performed using a single base station 120 (e.g., the serving base station of target UE 510 and / or anchor UE 520) according to one embodiment. Here, the positioning of target UE 510 is achieved using wireless reference signals 530, 540 transmitted by anchor UE 520 and target UE 510. More specifically, anchor UE 520 transmits SRS_CLI 530, which is received by both target UE 510 and base station 120. Since SRS_CLI 530 can occur during the symbols in which target UE 510 is configured for DL communication, SRS_CLI 530 behaves as a CLI as previously explained, where anchor UE 520 is the aggressor UE and target UE 510 is the victim UE. In response to receiving SRS_CLI 530, target UE 510 transmits SRS 540, which is received by base station 120. This process is described in more detail below in this specification. Positioning and this manner can be facilitated using location server 160. It should be noted that, as described below in this specification, although shown in the figures as SRS signals, embodiments may use additional or alternative types of wireless signals as wireless reference signals in a similar manner.

[0057]

[0068] The position of target UE 510 is the distance R of target UE 510 from base station 120 Tand can be mathematically determined by solving for the angle φ2 - φ1 (although, as will be described below, in some embodiments, instead of solving for the angle, multilateration can be performed using multiple anchor UEs). Note that the baseline from which the angles φ1 and φ2 are measured can be measured from true north or based on any coordinate system used by the network for positioning (e.g., geographic coordinates, east - north - up (ENU), etc.). Solving for these variables can be done using the timing measurements at the target UE 510 and the base station 120, as well as the angle measurements at the base station.

[0058]

[0069] Distance R T can be determined based on the time difference at the base station 120 between receiving the SRS 540 and receiving the SRS_CLI 530. R sum being the distance R T between the target UE 510 and the distance R between the anchor UE 520 R when it is the combined distance with, R T solving for R results in the following equation.

[0059]

Equation

[0060]

[0070] If R is defined as the distance between the base station 120 and the anchor UE 520, Equation (1) can be mathematically modified as follows.

[0061]

Equation

[0062]

[0071] Since the location of the anchor UE520 is known (or can be determined in advance), the distance L and the angle φ2 can be obtained based on this location and the known location of the base station 120 (e.g., from an almanac of base station locations stored by the location server 160, the base station 120, or the target UE510). Further, as will be described in more detail below, φ1 can be determined from the AoA measurement by the base station 120 of the SRS540. Therefore, when R sum is determined, the range R T can be determined using Equation (2).

[0063]

[0072] R sum To solve for, embodiments can determine two time differences, namely, (i) the time at which the SRS_CLI530 is received at the target UE510 and the time at which the SRS540 is sent from the target UE510, and (ii) the time difference between the time the base station 120 receives the SRS_CLI530 and the time the base station 120 receives the SRS540. The SRS540 sent from the target UE510 to the base station 120 can be triggered by the reception of the SRS_CLI530 at the target UE510. As will be described in more detail below, different devices can determine the location of the target UE510 according to the desired function. Therefore, one or both of these time differences can be sent to the device making the determination. The determination of the location of the target UE510 based on these time differences is described in more detail with respect to FIG. 6.

[0064]

[0073] FIG. 6 shows, according to one embodiment, R in the configuration shown in FIG. 5 sumA time - distance diagram showing how timing can be used to determine [the relevant quantity]. Here, the anchor UE 520 transmits a reference signal, SRS_CLI 530, which is received by both the target UE 510 and the base station 120. Again, the anchor UE 520 and the target UE 510 are configured such that SRS_CLI 530 is received by the target UE 510 at a time when they are configured for DL communication (e.g., from one or more base stations in a wireless network) between them. Thus, SRS_CLI 530 is a CLI, where the anchor UE 520 acts as the aggressor UE and the target UE 510 acts as the victim UE. In the diagram of FIG. 6, the different angles of SRS_CLI 530 between the anchor UE 520, the target UE 510, and the base station 120 represent different paths taken by SRS_CLI 530.

[0065]

[0074] Since the reference signal travels at approximately the speed of light c, the value of R sum can be determined from the following.

[0066]

Equation

[0067] Here, T Rx_SRS is the time (ToA) when SRS 540 is received by the base station 120, T Rx_SRS_CLI is the time (ToA) when SRS_CLI 530 is received by the base station 120, and T UE_Rx→Tx is the time difference between the time (ToA) when the target UE 510 receives SRS_CLI 530 and the time when the target UE 510 transmits SRS 540. Using the value of R sum , the distance R T can be determined from the above formula (2), and the position of the target UE 510 can be determined based on the distance R T , the angle φ2 - φ1, and the positions of the base station 120 and the anchor UE 520. R sumSince the value of is calculated separately at the target UE 510 and the base station 120 based on the time difference that can be obtained, synchronization is not required among the target UE 510, the anchor UE 520, or the base station 120 in order to perform the positioning of the target UE 510 using the techniques described herein.

[0068]

[0075] As described, the position and / or the value distance R of the target UE 510 T and the calculation of the angle φ2 - φ1 can be performed by different devices depending on the desired functionality. This can depend, for example, on whether the position of the target UE 510 is UE-based or UE-assisted (e.g., here, whether the request for the position of the target UE 510 comes from the network or from another entity outside the anchor UE, such as the external client 180 in FIG. 1 or the external client 230 in FIG. 2). Thus, different processes can be used to determine the position of the target UE 510. FIGS. 7 - 9 show some exemplary processes.

[0069]

[0076] Figure 7 is a call flow diagram showing the process of CLI-assisted hybrid network positioning of a mobile device (target UE 510) according to one embodiment. In this embodiment, the location server 160 determines the location of the target UE 510 based on the input received from the target UE 510 (and other inputs). Thus, this type of positioning can be regarded as UE-assisted positioning. Similar to the other figures provided herein, Figure 7 is provided as a non-limiting example. As will be described in more detail below, alternative embodiments may perform some functions (e.g., determination of anchor UE location, AoA measurement, ToA measurement, etc.) in a different order, simultaneously, etc. Note that the arrows between the various components shown in Figure 7 indicate messages or information sent from one component to another that can be sent according to applicable communication standards (e.g., LPP, NRPPa, etc.) between the various devices. However, it will be understood that there may be any number of intervening devices, servers, etc. that can relay such messages, including other components in Figure 7. (For example, a message from the target UE 510 to the location server 160 can pass through the base station 120 and, in some cases, the anchor UE 520.) Further, although the wireless reference signal is called SRS, alternative embodiments may utilize additional or alternative wireless reference signal types.

[0070]

[0077] In block 705, the location server 160 obtains a location request. As described, the location server 160 may receive a location request from functions within the positioning system (e.g., the 5G NR positioning system 200 of FIG. 2) and / or an external client (e.g., an external client or AF 230). This may be based on, for example, the services provided to the target UE 510, actions taken by the target UE 510 (e.g., placing a call to an emergency phone number), etc. Additionally or alternatively, the request may be received from another mobile device (e.g., the anchor UE 520 or some other device), if permitted to do so.

[0071]

[0078] Accordingly, the location server 160 can coordinate CLI-assisted positioning, as shown by arrow 710. As shown, this can include communicating with the base station 120, the target UE 510, and / or the anchor UE 520. When communicating with the target UE 510, the location server 160 can initiate a positioning session (e.g., an LPP positioning session) and obtain the capabilities of the target UE 510. This can include the target UE 510 providing to the location server 160 its capabilities regarding accuracy, the types of positioning measurements it can perform, whether it is capable of CLI-assisted positioning, etc.

[0072]

[0079] When communicating with the anchor UE 520, the location server 160 can also obtain the capabilities of the anchor UE 520. This can include the anchor UE 520 providing to the location server 160 its capabilities regarding accuracy, its ability to support CLI-assisted positioning, etc. However, as shown previously, in some embodiments, the anchor UE 520 can transmit an SRS_CLI (or a similar wireless reference signal) during the course of normal communication (e.g., with the base station 120). Accordingly, in some embodiments, the location server 160 may not communicate with the anchor UE 520 at all. Instead, the anchor UE 520 can be constituted only by the base station 120.

[0073]

[0080] Furthermore, according to some embodiments, the communication with the anchor UE 520 may comprise a location request. This can notify the anchor UE 520 of the positioning of the target UE 510 and / or trigger the anchor UE 520 to obtain its location information. In such cases, this may initiate a positioning session between the location server 160 and the anchor UE 520, where the location server 160 may request the location of the anchor UE 520, which, if known, may be provided to the location server 160. In some cases, the anchor UE 520 may obtain its location, which may involve using a RAT-independent method (e.g., positioning based on GNSS, WLAN, etc.). Additionally or alternatively, the anchor UE 520 may obtain its location using a RAT-dependent method, which may involve UE-assisted positioning of the anchor UE 520.

[0074]

[0081] The selection of the anchor UE 520 for use in determining the position of the target UE 510 can be done in any of a variety of ways, depending on the desired functionality. For example, the target UE 510 may have an existing sidelink communication channel with an anchor UE 520 that can be utilized for positioning purposes. In such a case, the anchor UE 520 can be selected based on the existing sidelink channel. Additionally or alternatively, the anchor UE 520 can be selected by the target UE 510 based on scanning nearby UEs and on the measured and confirmed ability to perform positioning and this mode. Some embodiments may use signal quality metrics, such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and / or RSSI, for example, to select the anchor UE 520. The signal quality measure can be used to select an anchor UE 520 that is not too close to the target UE 510 so as to cause a positioning error for the determination of the position of the target UE 510, but that has sufficient signal quality to perform the functions described herein. Thus, in such embodiments, a range of SNR and / or RSSI values can be selected to balance these considerations, and an anchor UE having SNR and / or RSSI values within this range can be preferentially selected over other anchor UEs having SNR and / or RSSI values outside this range. Other embodiments may utilize additional or alternative techniques for anchor UE selection.

[0075]

[0082] When communicating with the base station 120, the location server 160 can identify the target UE 510, one or more anchor UEs 520 (e.g., nearby UEs 520 whose location is known or can be determined), timing requirements, accuracy requirements, the capabilities of the target UE 510, etc.

[0076]

[0083] As indicated by arrow 715, the base station 120 can then send a CLI resource configuration to the target UE 510. The CLI resource configuration 715 can, in particular, configure the target UE 510 for DL communication between CLIs (as described, for example, with respect to FIG. 4) and configure the target UE 510 to perform CLI measurements. In some cases, the base station 120 can further configure the anchor UE 520 to transmit a wireless reference signal (e.g., SRS_CLI 530). However, also, the wireless reference signal transmitted by the anchor UE 520 can be created during the process of other functions (e.g., standard communication), in which case the base station 120 may not send the CLI resource configuration 715. Further, when the wireless reference signal is created during the process of other functions, the CLI resource configuration 715 provided by the base station 120 to the target UE 510 can be created in light of the timing of the wireless reference signal. In other words, the base station 120 can configure the target UE 510 (using the CLI resource configuration 715) to measure the wireless reference signal transmitted by the anchor UE 520 in view of the timing of the signal transmitted by the anchor UE 520 that can be used as a wireless reference signal for the CLI.

[0077]

[0084] At arrow 720, the base station 120 sends an SRS configuration to the target UE 510. This SRS configuration can include the timing, frequency, and / or other aspects of a wireless reference signal (e.g., SRS 540) to be transmitted by the target UE 510 and measured by the base station 120. Also, according to alternative embodiments, other types of reference signals can be used. According to some embodiments, the SRS configuration 720 can be combined with the CLI resource configuration 715.

[0078]

[0085] In arrow 725, anchor UE 520 transmits a wireless reference signal UL SRS (SRS_CLI), which is measured by the target UE in block 730 and by the base station in block 735. Also, the transmission of UL SRS (SRS_CLI) by anchor UE 520 may be in response to communications / configurations received from location server 160 (e.g., arrow 710) and / or received from base station 120 (e.g., arrow 715). Additionally or alternatively, anchor UE 520 may transmit UL SRS at arrow 725 in the process of performing other non-positioning functions (e.g., mobility, data communication, etc.).

[0079]

[0086] In arrow 740, target UE 510 provides a CLI measurement report of the CLI measurement performed in block 730 to base station 120, and base station 120 may perform CLI removal in block 745 in some cases. This function by target UE 510 and base station 120 may follow the specifications for managing to report CLI. However, since the CLI received at target UE 510 is intentional, there may be no need to perform actions to correct or compensate for the CLI.

[0080]

[0087] In arrow 750, target UE 510 transmits UL SRS, which is measured by the base station in block 755. The transmission of UL SRS (e.g., SRS540) may follow the SRS configuration received by target UE 510 at arrow 720.

[0081]

[0088] In block 760, base station 120 determines the time difference and AoA based on the measurement value of UL SRS from anchor UE 520 (measured in block 735) and the measurement value of UL SRS from target UE 510 (measured in block 755). More specifically, base station 120 may measure the ToA of each signal, and the time difference T Rx_SRS -TRx_SRS_CLI can be determined. The AoA measurement information may include separate AoA measurement values for angles φ1 and φ2 (e.g., as shown in FIG. 5), and / or may include a differential AoA (DAoA) measurement value for the angle φ2 - φ1. At arrow 765, the base station 120 provides a measurement report including this time difference and the AoA measurement information to the location server 160.

[0082]

[0089] Further, in block 770, the target UE 510 determines an Rx - Tx time difference measurement value. More specifically, the target UE 510 measures the ToA of the wireless reference signal (UL SRS (SRS_CLI)) transmitted at arrow 725, and the Rx - Tx time difference (e.g., T in FIGS. 6 and equation (3)) between the time when the wireless reference signal is received at the target UE 510 (in block 730) and the time when the target UE 510 transmits the UL SRS at arrow 750. UE_Rx→Tx ) is determined. This information is then provided by the target UE 510 to the location server 160 in a time difference report as shown at arrow 775.

[0083]

[0090] Using this information, the location server then determines the location of the target UE as shown in block 780. According to some embodiments, for example, the location server uses the information provided in the measurement report at arrow 765 and the time difference report at arrow 775, along with information regarding the locations of the base station 120 and the anchor UE 520, to use equation (2) to determine the distance R between the base station 120 and the target UE T This, together with the angle information from the base station 120, can be used to resolve the location of the target UE 510. The location server 160 can then provide the location of the target UE 510 to the requesting entity (not shown).

[0084]

[0091] Figure 8 is a call flow diagram showing another process of CLI-assisted hybrid network positioning of a mobile device (target UE 510) according to an embodiment. However, in contrast to the process shown in FIG. 7, the calculations and positioning are performed at the target UE 510 itself. As can be seen, many of the operations performed in the process of FIG. 8 can be similar to the operations performed in the process of FIG. 7. The calculations can also be similar to the calculations performed in the process of FIG. 7 (e.g., using equations (1)-(3)).

[0085]

[0092] In block 805, the target UE 510 obtains a location request. This location request may come, for example, from an application (or "app") executed by the target UE 510. This can result from a user interaction with the target UE 510 based on a determined schedule or other triggers. Additionally or alternatively, the location request may come from a separate, authorized device (e.g., an anchor UE 520, or another device communicating with the target UE 510) that requests the location of the target UE 510.

[0086]

[0093] Accordingly, the target UE 510 may generate a location request notification. As shown by arrow 808, the request may be sent to the location server 160, which can coordinate the functions of the various components shown in FIG. 8 to determine the location of the target UE 510, as shown by arrow 810. This coordination function can be similar to the coordination at arrow 710 in FIG. 7 described previously. Also, according to some embodiments, additional communication between the target UE 510 and the location server 160 may be performed to determine the capabilities of the target UE 510 (including, for example, the capabilities of the target UE 510 to communicate with the anchor UE 520). In some embodiments, the communication between the location server 160 and the target UE 510 may be performed via an LPP positioning session.

[0087]

[0094] Elements 815 to 870 of the process in FIG. 8 may be similar to the corresponding elements 715 to 770 previously described with respect to FIG. 7. However, here, the target UE 510 does not provide a time difference report to the location server 160 (as was done, for example, at arrow 775 in FIG. 7), but instead retains that information to perform positioning calculations on its own. Further, instead of sending a measurement report to the location server 160 (as at arrow 765, for example), the base station 120 can provide time difference and AoA measurement information to the target UE 510, as shown at arrow 867. Further, this report may include the location of the base station 120 and / or the anchor UE 520, enabling the target UE 510 to determine its position at block 880. Alternatively, according to some embodiments, the location of the anchor UE 520 may be provided by the anchor UE 520 itself (using, for example, sidelink communication with the target UE 510). Additionally or alternatively, the location of the base station 120 and / or the anchor UE 520 may be provided to the target UE 510 by the location server 160. According to some embodiments, the known location of the base station 120 may be obtained by the target UE 510 based on an almanac of base station locations, which may be stored at the target UE 510 or the location server 160. When stored at the location server 160, the location server may provide the location of the base station 120 as assistance data in a previous communication (such as at arrow 810, or separately communicated assistance data (not shown)).

[0088]

[0095] FIG. 9 is a call flow diagram showing yet another process of CLI-employed hybrid network positioning of a mobile device (target UE 510) according to an embodiment. Here, the calculations and positioning are performed at the base station 120. Also, as can be seen, many of the operations performed in the process of FIG. 9 may be similar to the operations performed in the processes previously described with respect to FIGS. 7 and 8.

[0089]

[0096] In the process of FIG. 9, similar to the process of FIG. 8, the target UE 510 may receive a location request at block 905 and send the corresponding location request to the location server 160 at arrow 908. However, here, instead of retaining the time difference information to perform the positioning calculation itself, the target UE 510 may provide a time difference report to the base station 120 as shown at arrow 975, enabling the base station 120 to determine the location at block 980. The base station 120 can then provide the calculated location to the target UE 510 as shown at arrow 985.

[0090]

[0097] In the processes of FIGS. 8 and 9, where the target UE 510 receives a location request 905 and ultimately obtains its location, the target UE 510 may then provide the location in any of various ways, which may depend on what initiated the location request. For example, the target UE 510 may provide the location via the user interface of the target UE 510 through a display and / or to an application executed by the target UE 510. Additionally or alternatively, the target UE 510 may provide the determined location to an application executed by the target UE 510. In the latter case, the determined location may be provided to the application by lower hardware and / or software layers such as the processor of the operating system, wireless communication interface (e.g., a modem).

[0091]

[0098] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the flows provided in FIGS. 7 - 9 are provided as non - limiting examples. Alternative embodiments may implement any of various changes, including different devices that receive a location request and respond thereto, different devices that receive measurement information (and / or information derived therefrom), and determine the location of the target UE 510.

[0092]

[0099] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary variant configuration for the configuration shown in FIG. 5 that can be used according to some embodiments. Here, instead of a single anchor UE 520, a plurality of anchor UEs 520-1, 520-2, and 520-3 (collectively and generically referred to herein simply as anchor UE 520) are used. Among the various reasons why the use of a plurality of anchor UEs 520 may be more advantageous than the use of a single anchor UE 520, there is a reduction in the impact of potential interference of one anchor UE 520. This provides a more robust positioning of the target UE 510 in the presence of an environment that can interfere with the signals between the anchor UE 520, the target UE 510, and the base station 120.

[0093]

[0100] The process of determining the location of the target UE 510 can generally be similar to the process shown in FIG. 5 and described with respect to FIGS. 5-9. However, since a plurality of anchor UEs 520 are used, angle information may not be required. That is, instead of (or in addition to) using the distance R T and the angles φ2-φ1 to determine the position of the target UE 510, the position can instead be determined using multilateration. In multilateration, each anchor UE 520 can transmit its respective SRS_CLI 530, which is measured by both the target UE 510 and the base station 120. (To reduce confusion, the signals from each anchor UE 520 to the base station 120 are omitted from FIG. 10.) The process previously described with respect to FIG. 5 can then be applied to each anchor UE 520, where R sum is determined using Equation (3). R sum is R T and the respective R R for each anchor UE 520, so R sumThe value can be used to form respective ellipses 580 for each anchor UE 520, where the base station 120 and the anchor UE 520 are the foci of the respective ellipses. (Again, only the applicable portions of the ellipses 580 are shown in FIG. 10 to reduce confusion.) A device that determines the location of the target UE 510 (e.g., the target UE 510, any / all of the anchor UEs 520, or a location server 160 not shown in FIG. 10) can do so by determining the point at which the ellipses 580 converge. Thus, AoA or other angle determination may not be required. That being said, the base station 120 may, in some cases, make one or more AoA measurements of the SRS 540 and / or the SRS_CLI 530, in which case this angle information can be used as an additional data point for determining and / or verifying the location of the target UE 510.

[0094]

[0101] The number of anchor UEs 520 used to determine the location of the target UE 510 can thus vary depending on the situation. For example, more or fewer anchor UEs 520 than shown in FIG. 10 can be used. In some situations, such as when two anchor UEs 520 are used, there may be ambiguity in the location of the target UE 510 (e.g., multiple convergence points). In such cases, other data can be utilized to resolve the ambiguity. This other data can include, for example, tracking information for the target UE 510, other (previous and / or simultaneous) position determinations for the target UE 510, and the like.

[0095]

[0102] Note that an embodiment for determining the location of the target UE 510 in the manner shown in FIG. 10 can follow a process similar to that shown in FIGS. 7-9. (As described above, the determination of AoA by the base station 120 can be optional. Thus, the actions regarding AoA determination described in FIGS. 7-9 can also be optional.) Since multiple anchor UEs 520 are used, the functions of the anchor UEs 520 shown in FIGS. 7-9 can be replicated for all the anchor UEs 520.

[0096]

[0103] Also note that the target UE 510 can transmit the same or different SRSs 540 for each anchor UE 520 according to the desired function. For example, after receiving SRS_CLI530-1, SRS_CLI530-2, and SRS_CLI530-3, the target UE 510 can transmit a single SRS 540, and for each anchor UE 520 used to determine the position of the target UE 510, the UE_Rx→Tx respective values for T can be based on the time difference between each SRS_CLI and the single SRS 540 transmitted by the target UE 510. In another example, the target UE 510 can send SRSs 540 corresponding to two or more SRS_CLI530s received from two or more corresponding anchor UEs 520. Also in this case, the UE_Rx→Tx values for T can reflect the use of the SRS 540 in this way. Different embodiments can employ different combinations of reference signals.

[0097]

[0104] FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method 1100 for determining the position of a first mobile device according to an embodiment. Here, as described in FIGS. 5-10, the first mobile device may correspond to the target UE 510, and the second mobile device may correspond to the anchor UE 520. Further, as shown in the exemplary processes of FIGS. 7-9 and the descriptions of FIGS. 5 and 10, the operations performed by different devices may vary depending on factors such as whether the positioning is UE-assisted or UE-based, and / or other factors. Therefore, the means for performing the functions shown in one or more of the blocks shown in FIG. 11 may be implemented by hardware and / or software components of the target UE 510, the anchor UE 520, the base station 120, or the location server 160. Exemplary components of the mobile device and / or UE are shown in FIG. 12, exemplary components of the base station 120 are shown in FIG. 13, and components of the location server are shown in FIG. 14, which will be described in more detail below.

[0098]

[0105] In block 1110, the function comprises obtaining a first time difference, where the first time difference comprises (i) the time at which a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device and (ii) the time at which the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal, where the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network that employs TDD, and the first wireless reference signal comprises a CLI transmission at a time configured such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device while the first mobile device receives a DL transmission from a network entity therebetween. An example of this first time difference is provided as T UE_Rx→Tx in Equation (3) as described, which is R sumWhen determining, it can be used to consider the delay in the first mobile device (e.g., target UE 510). As described above, according to some embodiments, the first wireless reference signal (e.g., SRS_CLI in FIGS. 5 and 10) may comprise an SRS. According to some embodiments, the second wireless reference signal (e.g., SRS540 in FIGS. 5 and 10) comprises an UL transmission comprising PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH preamble, or SRS, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the network entity configured such that the first mobile device receives a downlink DL transmission therefrom may comprise the serving or neighboring base station of the first mobile device, or another TRP of the wireless communication network. As described, according to some embodiments, determining the first time difference is performed at the first mobile device, which can measure / calculate the time difference based on the ToA of the first wireless reference signal and the time of transmission of the second wireless reference signal. As described in the example shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the information may be obtained, for example, by a location server or base station that determines the location of the first mobile device, or held by the first mobile device to determine its own location.

[0099]

[0106] Means for implementing the functions in block 1110 may include a bus 1205, a wireless communication interface 1230, a digital signal processor (DSP) 1220, one or more processing units 1210, a memory 1260, and / or other components of the mobile device, as shown in FIG. 12. Additionally or alternatively, means for implementing the functions in block 1110 may include a bus 1305, a wireless communication interface 1330, a DSP 1320, one or more processing units 1310, a memory 1360, and / or other components of the base station, as shown in FIG. 13. Additionally or alternatively, means for implementing the functions in block 1110 may include a bus 1405, a communication subsystem 1430, one or more processing units 1410, a working memory 1435, and / or other components of the computer, as shown in FIG. 14.

[0100]

[0107] In block 1120, the function includes obtaining a second time difference, where the second time difference includes the time difference between (i) the time when a first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of a wireless communication network and (ii) the time when a second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station. An example of the second time difference is provided in Equation (3) as T Rx_SRS -T Rx_SRS_CLI As described in the above embodiments, ToA measurements of the first and second wireless reference signals by the base station can be performed to determine this time difference. Similar to the function in block 1110, "obtaining" can be implemented differently depending on which device is implementing the function in block 1120. As shown in the examples of FIGS. 7-9, the second time difference can be obtained by the base station using ToA measurements as described. When the function in block 1120 is implemented by a location server or a first mobile device, for example, the second time difference can be obtained by receiving information about the second time difference from the base station.

[0101]

[0108] Means for implementing the functions in block 1120 may comprise a bus 1205, a wireless communication interface 1230, a digital signal processor (DSP) 1220, one or more processing units 1210, a memory 1260, and / or other components of the mobile device, as shown in FIG. 12. Additionally or alternatively, means for implementing the functions in block 1120 may comprise a bus 1305, a wireless communication interface 1330, a DSP 1320, one or more processing units 1310, a memory 1360, and / or other components of the base station, as shown in FIG. 13. Additionally or alternatively, means for implementing the functions in block 1120 may comprise a bus 1405, a communication subsystem 1430, one or more processing units 1410, a working memory 1435, and / or other components of the computer, as shown in FIG. 14.

[0102]

[0109] In block 1130, the function comprises determining the location of the first mobile device based on a first time difference and a second time difference. This may be done, for example, using equations (1)-(3) described herein. This determination may be based on the location of the base station and the second mobile device. Thus, according to some embodiments, method 1100 may further comprise obtaining the location of the base station and the location of the second mobile device, wherein determining the location of the first mobile device is further based on the location of the base station and the location of the second mobile device. As described in the above embodiments, the relative position of the second device from the base station may be determined based on the angle and distance from the base station. Thus, the angle φ2 - φ1 may be determined from the AoA measurement, and the distance R Tcan be calculated in the above manner to determine the position of the first mobile device relative to the base station. Thus, according to some embodiments, method 1100 may further comprise determining a difference between the AoA of the first wireless reference signal at the base station and the AoA of the second wireless reference signal at the base station, wherein determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the AoA.

[0103]

[0110] As described, the AoA is not necessarily required for determining the position of the first mobile device. As shown in FIG. 10, for example, the position of the first mobile device (target UE 510) can be determined based on multilateration. Multilateration can be implemented by calculating R sum for the second mobile device and one or more additional mobile devices. Thus, according to some embodiments, method 1100 may further comprise determining the position of the first mobile device, comprising using multilateration to determine the position of the first mobile device based on (i) the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the second mobile device determined using the first time difference and the second time difference, and (ii) the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the additional mobile devices determined from the wireless reference signals transmitted by a plurality of additional mobile devices and the one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device.

[0104]

[0111] The means for implementing the functions in block 1130 may comprise a bus 1205, a digital signal processor (DSP) 1220, one or more processing units 1210, a memory 1260, and / or other components of the mobile device, as shown in FIG. 12. Additionally or alternatively, the means for implementing the functions in block 1130 may comprise a bus 1305, a DSP 1320, one or more processing units 1310, a memory 1360, and / or other components of the base station, as shown in FIG. 13. Additionally or alternatively, the means for implementing the functions in block 1130 may comprise a bus 1405, one or more processing units 1410, a working memory 1435, and / or other components of the computer, as shown in FIG. 14.

[0105]

[0112] The function of block 1140 comprises providing the location of the first mobile device. As previously shown, providing the location of the first mobile device may vary depending on the device implementing the function of block 1140 and / or method 1100 as a whole. For example, according to some embodiments, the location of the first mobile device is determined by the first mobile device. In such embodiments, obtaining the first time difference may comprise measuring the first time difference at the first mobile device, obtaining the second time difference may comprise receiving the second time difference from a base station at the first mobile device, and providing the location of the first mobile device may comprise providing information indicating the location of the first mobile device to the user interface of the first mobile device, providing it to an application executed by the first mobile device, or both. Alternatively, in embodiments where the location of the first mobile device is determined by a location server, obtaining the first time difference may comprise receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the location server, obtaining the second time difference may comprise receiving the second time difference from a base station at the location server, and providing the location of the first mobile device may comprise sending information indicating the location of the first mobile device from the location server to the requesting entity. In such embodiments, method 1100 may further comprise receiving, at the location server, a request for the location of the first mobile device from the requesting entity prior to obtaining the first time difference or the second time difference. Alternatively, in embodiments where the location of the first mobile device is determined by a base station, obtaining the first time difference may comprise receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the base station, obtaining the second time difference may comprise measuring the second time difference using the base station, and providing the location of the first mobile device may comprise sending information indicating the location of the first mobile device to the first mobile device or the location server.

[0106]

[0113] Some embodiments of method 1100 may further comprise configuring the first mobile device and / or the second mobile device to perform CLI-aided positioning as described herein. For example, according to some embodiments, method 1100 may include sending a first configuration to the first mobile device, where the first configuration configures the first mobile device to receive DL transmissions, sending a second configuration to the second mobile device, where the second configuration configures the second mobile device to send a first wireless reference signal such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive a downlink DL transmission during that time. In such embodiments, sending the first configuration, sending the second configuration, or both may be performed by a location server or a base station. Note that the configuration of the second mobile device is not necessarily for the positioning of the first mobile device. As shown elsewhere herein, the second mobile device may send the first wireless reference signal according to non-positioning functions (data transmission, communication, etc.). In such cases, the second configuration may be made to perform non-positioning functions. Further, in such cases, the first configuration of the first mobile device may be at least partially based on the second configuration to help ensure that the first mobile device measures the first wireless reference signal.

[0107]

[0114] As described in the embodiments described above, the determination of the position of the first mobile device can be based on different data (e.g., distances and angles from the multi-lateration to the base stations). Thus, according to some embodiments of method 1100, determining the position of the first mobile device may comprise using multi-lateration to determine the position of the first mobile device based on (i) the distances of the first mobile device from the base station and the second mobile device determined using the first time difference and the second time difference, and (ii) the distances of the first mobile device from the base station and the additional mobile device determined from the wireless reference signals transmitted by the plurality of additional mobile devices and one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device.

[0108]

[0115] The means for implementing the functions in block 1140 may comprise a bus 1205, a wireless communication interface 1230, a digital signal processor (DSP) 1220, one or more processing units 1210, a memory 1260, and / or other components of the mobile device, as shown in FIG. 12. Additionally or alternatively, the means for implementing the functions in block 1140 may comprise a bus 1305, a wireless communication interface 1330, a DSP 1320, one or more processing units 1310, a memory 1360, and / or other components of the base station, as shown in FIG. 13. Additionally or alternatively, the means for implementing the functions in block 1140 may comprise a bus 1405, a communication subsystem 1430, one or more processing units 1410, a working memory 1435, and / or other components of the computer, as shown in FIG. 14.

[0109]

[0116] FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of a mobile device 1200 that can be utilized as described above in this specification (e.g., in relation to FIGS. 1-11) with respect to mobile devices and / or UEs such as UE105, UE145, target UE510, and / or anchor UE520. Additionally, mobile device 1200 may correspond to the first and / or second mobile devices described with respect to FIG. 11. Thus, mobile device 1200 can implement one or more of the functions of the method shown in FIG. 11. Note that FIG. 12 provides only a generalized diagram of various components, and any or all of those components may be utilized as appropriate. In some cases, the components shown in FIG. 12 may be localized to a single physical device and / or distributed among various networked devices that may be disposed at different physical locations (e.g., different physical locations on a vehicle). Further, as described above, the functions of the UE described in the previously explained embodiments may be executed by one or more of the hardware and / or software components shown in FIG. 12.

[0110]

[0117] A mobile device 1200 is shown that includes hardware elements that can be electrically coupled via a bus 1205 (or, optionally, may communicate in other ways). The hardware elements can include, without limitation, one or more general-purpose processors, one or more dedicated processors (such as DSP chips, graphics acceleration processors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc.), and / or other processing structures or means, and can include (one or more) processing units 1210. As shown in FIG. 12, some embodiments may have a separate DSP 1220 depending on the desired functionality. Location determination and / or other determinations based on wireless communication can be provided in (one or more) processing units 1210 and / or a wireless communication interface 1230 (described below). The mobile device 1200 can also include, without limitation, one or more input devices 1270 that can include one or more keyboards, touchscreens, touchpads, microphones, buttons, dials, switches, etc., and one or more output devices 1215 that can include, without limitation, one or more displays (such as touchscreens), light emitting diodes (LEDs), speakers, etc.

[0111]

[0118] The mobile device 1200 may also include a wireless communication interface 1230 that may include, but is not limited to, a modem, a network card, an infrared communication device, a wireless communication device, and / or a chipset (such as a Bluetooth device, an IEEE 802.11 device, an IEEE 802.15.4 device, a Wi-Fi device, a WiMAX device, a WAN device, and / or various cellular devices, etc.). This may enable the mobile device 1200 to communicate with other devices as described in the above embodiments. The wireless communication interface 1230 may enable data and signaling to be communicated (e.g., transmitted and received) using the TRP of the network via, for example, an eNB, a gNB, an ng-eNB, an access point, various base stations and / or other access node types, and / or other network components, a computer system, and / or any other electronic device communicatively coupled to the TRP. Communication may be performed via one or more wireless communication antennas 1232 that send and / or receive wireless signals 1234. According to some embodiments, the (one or more) wireless communication antennas 1232 may comprise a plurality of individual antennas, an antenna array, or any combination thereof. The (one or more) antennas 1232 may be capable of transmitting and receiving wireless signals using beams (e.g., Tx beams and Rx beams). Beamforming may be implemented using digital and / or analog beamforming techniques using digital and / or analog circuits, respectively. The wireless communication interface 1230 may include such circuits.

[0112]

[0119] Depending on the desired functionality, the wireless communication interface 1230 may include separate receivers and transmitters, or a transceiver, transmitter, and / or receiver in any combination, to communicate with base stations (e.g., ng-eNB and gNB) and other terrestrial transceivers such as wireless devices and access points. The mobile device 1200 may communicate with different data networks that may include various network types. For example, a wireless wide area network (WWAN) may be a CDMA network, a time division multiple access (TDMA) network, a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) network, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) network, a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) network, a WiMAX (IEEE802.16) network, etc. A CDMA network may implement one or more radio access technologies (RATs) such as CDMA2000, WCDMA, etc. CDMA2000 includes the IS-95, IS-2000, and / or IS-856 standards. A TDMA network may implement GSM, digital advanced mobile phone system (D-AMPS), or some other RAT. An OFDMA network may adopt LTE, LTE-Advanced, 5G NR, etc. 5G NR, LTE, LTE-Advanced, GSM, and WCDMA are described in documents from the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). cdma2000 is described in documents from a group called the "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" ("3GPP2"). Documents from 3GPP and 3GPP2 are publicly available. A wireless local area network (WLAN) may also be an IEEE802.11x network, and a wireless personal area network (WPAN) may be a Bluetooth network, IEEE802.15x, or some other type of network. Also, the techniques described herein may be used for any combination of WWAN, WLAN, and / or WPAN.

[0113]

[0120] The mobile device 1200 can further include one or more sensors 1240. The one or more sensors 1240 can include, but are not limited to, one or more inertial sensors and / or other sensors (e.g., one or more accelerometers, one or more gyroscopes, one or more cameras, one or more magnetometers, one or more altimeters, one or more microphones, one or more proximity sensors, one or more light sensors, one or more barometers, etc.), some of which can be used to obtain position measurements and / or other information.

[0114]

[0121] Embodiments of the mobile device 1200 may also include a GNSS receiver 1280 capable of receiving a signal 1284 from one or more Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites (which may be the same as antenna 1232) using an antenna 1282. Positioning based on GNSS signal measurements can be utilized to complement and / or incorporate the techniques described herein. The GNSS receiver 1280 can use conventional techniques to extract the position of the mobile device 1200 from GNSS satellites 110 of GNSS systems such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), Galileo, GLONASS, the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) over Japan, the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) over India, and the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) over China. Moreover, the GNSS receiver 1280 can be used with various augmentation systems (e.g., Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS)) that may be associated with or otherwise used with one or more global and / or regional navigation satellite systems, such as the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS), the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS), the Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS), and the Geo Augmented Navigation system (GAGAN).

[0115]

[0122] Although the GNSS receiver 1280 is shown as a separate component in FIG. 12, it should be noted that the embodiments are not so limited. The term "GNSS receiver" as used herein may comprise hardware and / or software components configured to obtain GNSS measurements (measurements from GNSS satellites). In some embodiments, thus, the GNSS receiver may comprise a measurement engine that is executed (as software) by one or more processing units, such as a (one or more) processing unit 1210, DSP 1220, and / or a processing unit (e.g., in a modem) within the wireless communication interface 1230. The GNSS receiver may also optionally include a positioning engine that can use GNSS measurements from the measurement engine to determine the position of the GNSS receiver, using, for example, an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), Weighted Least Squares (WLS), a Hatch filter, a particle filter, etc. The positioning engine may also be executed by one or more processing units, such as a (one or more) processing unit 1210 or DSP 1220.

[0116]

[0123] The mobile device 1200 may further include and / or communicate with a memory 1260. The memory 1260 can include, but is not limited to, local and / or network-accessible storage, a disk drive, an array of drives, an optical storage device, and solid state storage devices such as random access memory (RAM) and / or read-only memory (ROM) that can be programmable, flash updatable, etc. Such storage devices can be configured to implement any suitable data store, including, but not limited to, various file systems, database structures, etc.

[0117]

[0124] The memory 1260 of the mobile device 1200 may also comprise computer programs provided by various embodiments, and / or other code such as an operating system, device drivers, executable libraries, and / or one or more application programs, which may be designed to implement and / or configure a system to implement the methods provided by other embodiments as described herein (not shown in FIG. 12). By way of example only, one or more of the procedures described above with respect to the (one or more) methods described above may be implemented as code and / or instructions in the memory 1260 that are executable by the mobile device 1200 (and / or one or more processing units 1210 or DSP 1220 within the mobile device 1200). In one aspect, such code and / or instructions may then be used to configure and / or adapt a general-purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations in accordance with the methods described.

[0118]

[0125] FIG. 13 shows an embodiment of a base station 1300 that may be utilized as described above (e.g., in connection with FIGS. 1 - 12) with respect to a base station 120, gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, and / or other types of base stations or TRPs. Note that FIG. 13 provides only a generalized diagram of various components, and any or all of those components may be utilized as appropriate.

[0119]

[0126] A base station 120 is shown that includes hardware elements that can be electrically coupled via a bus 1305 (or, optionally, may communicate in other ways). The hardware elements can include, without limitation, one or more general-purpose processors, one or more dedicated processors (such as DSP chips, graphics acceleration processors, ASICs, etc.), and / or other processing structures or means, and can include (one or more) processing units 1310. As shown in FIG. 13, some embodiments may have a separate DSP 1320 depending on the desired functionality. Location determination and / or other determinations based on wireless communication can be provided, according to some embodiments, in (one or more) processing units 1310 and / or a wireless communication interface 1330 (described below). The base station 120 can also include one or more input devices that can include, without limitation, a keyboard, a display, a mouse, a microphone, (one or more) buttons, (one or more) dials, (one or more) switches, etc., and one or more output devices that can include, without limitation, a display, a light-emitting diode (LED), a speaker, etc.

[0120]

[0127] Base station 120 may include a wireless communication interface 1330, which may include, without limitation, a modem, network card, infrared communication device, wireless communication device, and / or chipset (such as a Bluetooth device, IEEE 802.11 device, IEEE 802.15.4 device, Wi-Fi device, WiMAX device, cellular communication equipment, etc.), which may enable the base station 120 to communicate as described herein. The wireless communication interface 1330 may enable data and signaling to be communicated (e.g., transmitted and received) to / from a UE, other base stations / TRPs (e.g., eNB, gNB, and ng-eNB), and / or other network components, computer systems, and / or any other electronic devices described herein. The communication may be performed via one or more wireless communication antennas 1332 that send and / or receive wireless signals 1334.

[0121]

[0128] Base station 120 may also include a network interface 1380, which may include support for wireline communication technologies. The network interface 1380 may include a modem, network card, chipset, etc. The network interface 1380 may include one or more input and / or output communication interfaces to enable data to be exchanged with the networks, communication network servers, computer systems, and / or any other electronic devices described herein.

[0122]

[0129] In many embodiments, base station 120 may further include a memory 1360. The memory 1360 can include, without limitation, local and / or network-accessible storage, disk drives, drive arrays, optical storage devices, RAM that can be programmable, flash updatable, etc., and / or solid state storage devices such as ROM. Such storage devices can be configured to implement any suitable data store, including, without limitation, various file systems, database structures, etc.

[0123]

[0130] The memory 1360 of base station 120 may also include computer programs provided by various embodiments, and / or other code such as operating systems, device drivers, executable libraries, and / or one or more application programs (not shown in FIG. 13) that may be designed to implement the methods and / or configure the systems as described herein. By way of example only, one or more of the procedures described above with respect to the (one or more) methods described may be implemented as code and / or instructions in the memory 1360 that are executable by the base station 120 (and / or the (one or more) processing units 1310 or DSP 1320 within the base station 120). In one aspect, such code and / or instructions can then be used to configure and / or adapt a general purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations in accordance with the methods described.

[0124]

[0131] FIG. 14 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a computer system 1400 that can be used in whole or in part to provide the functionality of one or more network components (e.g., location server 160, LMF 220, etc.) described in the embodiments of this specification. Note that FIG. 14 provides only a generalized view of various components, and it should be noted that any or all of those components can be used as appropriate. Thus, FIG. 14 broadly shows how individual system elements can be implemented in a relatively separated or relatively more integrated manner. Further, note that the components shown in FIG. 14 can be localized in a single device and / or distributed among various networked devices disposed in different geographical locations.

[0125]

[0132] A computer system 1400 is shown that includes hardware elements that can be electrically coupled via bus 1405 (or that may communicate in other ways as appropriate). The hardware elements include, without limitation, one or more general-purpose processors, one or more dedicated processors (such as digital signal processing chips, graphics acceleration processors, etc.), and / or (one or more) processing units 1410 that can include other processing structures configured to implement one or more of the methods described herein. The computer system 1400 may also include one or more input devices 1415 that can include, without limitation, a mouse, keyboard, camera, microphone, etc., and one or more output devices 1420 that can include, without limitation, a display device, printer, etc.

[0126]

[0133] Computer system 1400 can include, without limitation, local and / or network-accessible storage and / or, without limitation, one or more non-transitory storage devices 1425 that can include disk drives, drive arrays, optical storage devices, solid state storage devices such as RAM and / or ROM that can be programmable, flash updatable, etc. (and / or may communicate with them). Such storage devices can be configured to implement any suitable data store, including, without limitation, various file systems, database structures, etc. Such a data store can include (one or more) databases and / or other data structures for storing and managing messages and / or other information to be sent to one or more devices via a hub, as described herein.

[0127]

[0134] Computer system 1400 can also include a communication subsystem 1430 that can include wireless communication technologies managed and controlled by a wireless communication interface 1433, as well as wired technologies (such as Ethernet®, coaxial communication, Universal Serial Bus (USB), etc.). The wireless communication interface 1433 can send and receive wireless signals 1455 (e.g., signals via 5G NR or LTE) via (one or more) wireless antennas 1450. Thus, the communication subsystem 1430 can include a modem, network card (wireless or wired), infrared communication device, wireless communication device, and / or chipset, etc., that can enable the computer system 1400 to communicate with any or all of the communication networks described herein, with user equipment (UE), base stations, and / or other TRPs, and / or any other device on any network including any of the electronic devices described herein. Thus, the communication subsystem 1430 can be used to receive and send data as described in the embodiments herein.

[0128]

[0135] In many embodiments, computer system 1400 may further comprise a working memory 1435 that may include a RAM or ROM device, as described above. Software elements shown as being disposed within working memory 1435 may comprise computer programs provided by various embodiments, as described herein, and / or may implement methods provided by other embodiments and / or may be designed to configure the system, and may include other code such as an operating system 1440, device drivers, executable libraries, and / or one or more applications 1445. By way of mere example, one or more of the procedures described with respect to the (one or more) methods described above may be implemented as code and / or instructions executable by a computer (and / or a processing unit within the computer), and in one aspect, such code and / or instructions may then be used to configure and / or adapt a general purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations in accordance with the described methods.

[0129]

[0136] These sets of instructions and / or code can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium such as the (one or more) storage devices 1425 described above. In some cases, the storage medium can be incorporated within a computer system such as computer system 1400. In other embodiments, the storage medium can be separate from the computer system (e.g., a removable medium such as an optical disk), and / or the storage medium can be provided in an installation package such that it can be used to program, configure, and / or adapt a general-purpose computer with the instructions / code stored thereon. These instructions can take the form of executable code that is executable by computer system 1400, and / or can take the form of source code and / or installable code that, when compiled and / or installed on computer system 1400 (e.g., using any of a variety of generally available compilers, installation programs, compression / decompression utilities, etc.), then takes the form of executable code.

[0130]

[0137] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that substantial variations may be made in accordance with specific requirements. For example, customized hardware may also be used, and / or specific elements may be implemented in hardware, software (including portable software such as applets), or both. Further, connections to other computing devices such as network input / output devices may be employed.

[0131]

[0138] Referring to the accompanying drawings, a component that can include a memory can include a non-transitory machine-readable medium. As used herein, the terms "machine-readable medium" and "computer-readable medium" refer to any storage medium involved in providing data that causes a machine to operate in a particular manner. In the embodiments provided above, various machine-readable media can be involved in providing instructions / codes to a processing unit and / or one or more other devices for execution. Additionally or alternatively, the machine-readable medium can be used to store and / or carry such instructions / codes. In many implementations, the computer-readable medium is a physical and / or tangible storage medium. Such media can take many forms, including but not limited to non-volatile media and volatile media. Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, magnetic and / or optical media, any other physical media with a pattern of holes, RAM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), flash EPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, or any other medium from which a computer can read instructions and / or codes.

[0132]

[0139] The methods, systems, and devices described herein are examples. Various embodiments can omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For example, features described with respect to some embodiments can be combined in various other embodiments. Different aspects and elements of embodiments can be combined in a similar manner. The various components of the figures provided herein can be implemented in hardware and / or software. Also, technology evolves, and thus many of the elements are examples and their examples do not limit the scope of the disclosure to those specific examples.

[0133]

[0140] It has been found that for reasons mainly of general usage, it is sometimes convenient to refer to such signals as bits, information, values, elements, symbols, characters, variables, terms, numbers, digits, etc. However, it should be understood that all of these or similar terms are to be associated with appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels. Unless otherwise specified, as is apparent from the above description, throughout this specification, descriptions using terms such as "processing", "calculating", "computing", "determining", "confirming", "identifying", "associating", "measuring", "performing", etc., are to be understood as referring to actions or processes of specific devices, such as a dedicated computer or a similar dedicated electronic computing device. Thus, in the context of this specification, a dedicated computer or a similar dedicated electronic computing device is capable of operating on or transforming signals generally represented as electronic, electrical, or magnetic physical quantities within the memory, registers, or other information storage devices, transmission devices, or display devices of the dedicated computer or similar dedicated electronic computing device.

[0134]

[0141] As used herein, the terms "and" and "or" can include various meanings that are also expected to depend at least in part on the context in which such terms are used. Generally, when "or" is used to associate a list such as A, B, or C, it is meant to mean A, B, and C as used herein in an inclusive sense, as well as A, B, or C as used herein in an exclusive sense. Further, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any singular feature, structure, or property, or can be used to describe some combination of features, structures, or properties. However, it should be noted that this is merely an exemplary example and the claimed subject matter is not limited to this example. Further, the term "at least one of" when used to associate a list such as A, B, or C can be interpreted to mean any combination of A, B, and / or C, such as A, AB, AA, AAB, AABBCCC, etc.

[0135]

[0142] Although some embodiments have been described, various modifications, alternative configurations, and equivalents can be used without departing from the scope of the disclosure. For example, the above elements may merely be components of a larger system, and other rules may take precedence over or otherwise modify the application examples of the various embodiments. Also, several steps may be taken before, during, or after the above elements are considered. Accordingly, the above description does not limit the scope of the disclosure.

[0136]

[0143] In view of this description, embodiments can include different combinations of features. Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses.

[0137]

[0144] In view of this description, embodiments can include different combinations of features. Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses.

[0138] Clause 1. A method for determining the location of a first mobile device, the method comprising: obtaining a first time difference, where the first time difference is the time difference between the time when a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device and the time when the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal, where the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network that employs time division duplexing (TDD), and the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time configured such that the first mobile device receives a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity during that time, and the first wireless reference signal includes cross-link interference (CLI) transmission; obtaining a second time difference, where the second time difference is the time difference between the time when the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network and the time when the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station; determining the location of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference; and providing the location of the first mobile device.

[0139] Clause 2. The method according to clause 1, further comprising obtaining the location of the base station and the location of the second mobile device, where determining the location of the first mobile device is further based on the location of the base station and the location of the second mobile device.

[0140] Clause 3. The method according to any one of clauses 1 to 2, further comprising sending a first configuration to the first mobile device, where the first configuration configures the first mobile device to receive a DL transmission, and sending a second configuration to the second mobile device, where the second configuration configures the second mobile device to transmit the first wireless reference signal such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time configured such that the first mobile device receives a downlink DL transmission during that time.

[0141] Clause 4. The method according to clause 3, wherein sending the first configuration, sending the second configuration, or both are performed by a location server or a base station.

[0142] Clause 5. The position of the first mobile device is determined by a base station, wherein obtaining the first time difference comprises receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the base station, obtaining the second time difference comprises measuring the second time difference using the base station, and providing the position of the first mobile device comprises sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device to the first mobile device or a location server. The method according to any one of clauses 1 to 4.

[0143] Clause 6. The position of the first mobile device is determined by a location server, wherein obtaining the first time difference comprises receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the location server, obtaining the second time difference comprises receiving the second time difference from the base station at the location server, and providing the position of the first mobile device comprises sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device from the location server to the requesting entity. The method according to any one of clauses 1 to 4.

[0144] Clause 7. The method according to clause 6, further comprising receiving, at the location server, a request from the requesting entity for the position of the first mobile device before obtaining the first time difference or the second time difference.

[0145] Clause 8. The position of the first mobile device is determined by the first mobile device, where obtaining a first time difference comprises measuring the first time difference at the first mobile device, obtaining a second time difference comprises receiving the second time difference from a base station at the first mobile device, and providing the position of the first mobile device comprises providing information indicating the position of the first mobile device via the user interface of the first mobile device, providing it to an application executed by the first mobile device, or both, the method according to any of clauses 1 to 4.

[0146] Clause 9. The method according to any of clauses 1 to 8, wherein the first wireless reference signal comprises a sounding reference signal (SRS).

[0147] Clause 10. The method according to any of clauses 1 to 9, wherein the second wireless reference signal comprises an uplink (UL) transmission comprising a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble, or an SRS, or a combination thereof.

[0148] Clause 11. Further comprising determining a difference between the angle of arrival (AoA) of the first wireless reference signal at the base station and the AoA of the second wireless reference signal at the base station, where determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the AoA, the method according to any of clauses 1 to 10.

[0149] Clause 12. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 10, comprising using multilateration to determine the position of a first mobile device, wherein the position of the first mobile device is determined using a first time difference and a second time difference, the distance of the first mobile device from a base station and a second mobile device, and the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the plurality of additional mobile devices determined from a wireless reference signal transmitted by the plurality of additional mobile devices and one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device.

[0150] Clause 13. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 12, wherein one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device comprise a second wireless reference signal.

[0151] Clause 14. A network-connected device for determining the location of a first mobile device, the network-connected device comprising a transceiver, a memory, and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to obtain a first time difference, where the first time difference comprises the time at which a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device and the time at which the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal, where the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network employing time division duplex (TDD), and the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity during which the first wireless reference signal is sent, the one or more processors being further configured to obtain a second time difference, where the second time difference comprises the time at which the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network and the time at which the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station, and to determine the location of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference, and to provide the location of the first mobile device.

[0152] Clause 15. The network-connected device according to clause 14, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to obtain the location of a base station and the location of a second mobile device, and the one or more processors are further configured to determine the location of the first mobile device based on the location of the base station and the location of the second mobile device.

[0153] Clause 16. One or more processors are further configured to send a first configuration to a first mobile device, wherein the first configuration configures the first mobile device to receive DL transmissions, send a second configuration to a second mobile device, wherein the second configuration configures the second mobile device to send a first wireless reference signal such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive downlink DL transmissions therebetween, the network-connected device according to any of clauses 14 to 15.

[0154] Clause 17. The network-connected device according to clause 16, wherein sending the first configuration, sending the second configuration, or both are performed by a location server or a base station.

[0155] Clause 18. The position of the first mobile device is determined by a base station, wherein obtaining a first time difference comprises receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the base station, obtaining a second time difference comprises measuring the second time difference using the base station, and providing the position of the first mobile device comprises sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device to the first mobile device or a location server, the network-connected device according to any of clauses 14 to 17.

[0156] Clause 19. The position of the first mobile device is determined by a location server, wherein obtaining a first time difference comprises receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the location server, obtaining a second time difference comprises receiving the second time difference from the base station at the location server, and providing the position of the first mobile device comprises sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device from the location server to the requesting entity, the network-connected device according to any of clauses 14 to 17.

[0157] Clause 20. The network-connected device according to Clause 19, further configured such that one or more processors receive, at a location server, a request for the location of a first mobile device from a requesting entity before obtaining a first time difference or a second time difference.

[0158] Clause 21. The location of the first mobile device is determined by the first mobile device, where obtaining the first time difference comprises measuring the first time difference at the first mobile device, obtaining the second time difference comprises receiving the second time difference from a base station at the first mobile device, and providing the location of the first mobile device comprises providing information indicating the location of the first mobile device via a user interface of the first mobile device, providing it to an application executed by the first mobile device, or both, the network-connected device according to any of Clauses 14 to 17.

[0159] Clause 22. The network-connected device according to any of Clauses 14 to 21, wherein the first wireless reference signal comprises a sounding reference signal (SRS).

[0160] Clause 23. The network-connected device according to any of Clauses 14 to 22, wherein the second wireless reference signal comprises an uplink (UL) transmission comprising a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble, or an SRS, or a combination thereof.

[0161] Clause 24. One or more processors are further configured to determine a difference between an angle of arrival (AoA) of a first wireless reference signal at a base station and an AoA of a second wireless reference signal at the base station, where determining a position of a first mobile device is a network-connected device according to any one of Clauses 14 to 23 that is further based on the AoA.

[0162] Clause 25. One or more processors are configured to use multilateration to determine a position of a first mobile device based on a distance of the first mobile device from a base station and a second mobile device determined using a first time difference and a second time difference, and a distance of the first mobile device from the base station and additional mobile devices determined from wireless reference signals transmitted by a plurality of additional mobile devices and one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device, the network-connected device according to any one of Clauses 14 to 23.

[0163] Clause 26. A network-connected device according to any one of Clauses 14 to 25, wherein one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by a first mobile device comprise a second wireless reference signal.

[0164] Clause 27. An apparatus for determining the position of a first mobile device, the apparatus comprising means for obtaining a first time difference, wherein the first time difference is the time difference between the time when a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device and the time when the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal, wherein the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network that employs time division duplex (TDD), and the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time configured such that the first mobile device receives a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity therebetween, the means for obtaining a second time difference, wherein the second time difference is the time difference between the time when the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network and the time when the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station, means for determining the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference, and means for providing the position of the first mobile device.

[0165] Clause 28. The apparatus according to clause 27, further comprising means for obtaining the position of a base station and the position of a second mobile device, wherein the means for determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device.

[0166] Clause 29. The apparatus according to any of clauses 27 to 28, further comprising means for sending a first configuration to a first mobile device, wherein the first configuration configures the first mobile device to receive a DL transmission, and means for sending a second configuration to a second mobile device, wherein the second configuration configures the second mobile device to send a first wireless reference signal such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive a downlink DL transmission during that time.

[0167] Clause 30. The apparatus according to clause 29, wherein sending the first configuration, sending the second configuration, or both are performed by a location server or a base station.

[0168] Clause 31. The position of the first mobile device is determined by a base station, comprising means for receiving a first time difference from the first mobile device at the base station to obtain a first time difference, means for measuring a second time difference using the base station to obtain a second time difference, and means for providing the position of the first mobile device, comprising sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device to the first mobile device or a location server. The apparatus according to any of clauses 27 to 30.

[0169] Clause 32. The position of the first mobile device is determined by a location server, comprising means for receiving a first time difference from the first mobile device at the location server to obtain a first time difference, means for receiving a second time difference from a base station at the location server to obtain a second time difference, and means for providing the position of the first mobile device, comprising sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device from the location server to a requesting entity. The apparatus according to any of clauses 27 to 30.

[0170] Clause 33. The apparatus according to clause 32, further comprising means in the location server for receiving a request for the location of the first mobile device from the requesting entity, before obtaining the first time difference or the second time difference.

[0171] Clause 34. The location of the first mobile device is determined by the first mobile device, wherein the means for obtaining the first time difference comprises measuring the first time difference in the first mobile device, the means for obtaining the second time difference comprises receiving the second time difference from a base station in the first mobile device, and the means for providing the location of the first mobile device comprises providing information indicating the location of the first mobile device via the user interface of the first mobile device, an application executed by the first mobile device, or both. The apparatus according to any one of clauses 27 to 30.

[0172] Clause 35. The apparatus according to any one of clauses 27 to 34, wherein the first wireless reference signal comprises a sounding reference signal (SRS).

[0173] Clause 36. The second wireless reference signal comprises an uplink (UL) transmission comprising a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble, or an SRS, or a combination thereof. The apparatus according to any one of clauses 27 to 35.

[0174] Clause 37. The apparatus according to any one of clauses 27 to 36, further comprising means for determining a difference between the angle of arrival (AoA) of the first wireless reference signal at the base station and the AoA of the second wireless reference signal at the base station, wherein determining the location of the first mobile device is further based on the AoA.

[0175] Clause 38. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 27 to 36, comprising means for using multilateration to determine the position of the first mobile device based on the distance of the first mobile device from a base station and a second mobile device determined using a first time difference and a second time difference, and the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the additional mobile devices determined from a wireless reference signal transmitted by a plurality of additional mobile devices and one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device.

[0176] Clause 39. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 27 to 38, wherein the one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device comprise a second wireless reference signal.

[0177] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions for determining the location of a first mobile device, the instructions comprising: obtaining a first time difference, wherein the first time difference comprises a time difference between the time at which a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device and the time at which the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal, wherein the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network that employs time-division duplexing (TDD), and the first wireless reference signal is configured to arrive at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device receives a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity during which a cross-link interference (CLI) transmission is provided; obtaining a second time difference, wherein the second time difference comprises a time difference between the time at which the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network and the time at which the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station; determining the location of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference; and providing the location of the first mobile device.

[0178] The computer-readable medium of clause 40, further comprising obtaining the location of a base station and the location of a second mobile device, wherein determining the location of the first mobile device is further based on the location of the base station and the location of the second mobile device.

[0179] Clause 42. Further comprising: sending a first configuration to a first mobile device, wherein the first configuration configures the first mobile device to receive DL transmissions; sending a second configuration to a second mobile device, wherein the second configuration configures the second mobile device to send a first wireless reference signal such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive downlink DL transmissions during that time; the computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 40 to 41.

[0180] Clause 43. The computer-readable medium according to Clause 42, wherein sending the first configuration, sending the second configuration, or both are performed by a location server or a base station.

[0181] Clause 44. The position of the first mobile device is determined by a base station, wherein obtaining a first time difference comprises receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the base station, obtaining a second time difference comprises measuring the second time difference using the base station, and providing the position of the first mobile device comprises sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device to the first mobile device or a location server; the computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 40 to 43.

[0182] Clause 45. The position of the first mobile device is determined by a location server, wherein obtaining a first time difference comprises receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the location server, obtaining a second time difference comprises receiving the second time difference from a base station at the location server, and providing the position of the first mobile device comprises sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device from the location server to a requesting entity; the computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 40 to 43.

[0183] Article 46. The computer-readable medium according to Article 45, further comprising receiving, at a location server, a request for the location of a first mobile device from a requesting entity, before obtaining the first time difference or the second time difference.

[0184] Article 47. The location of the first mobile device is determined by the first mobile device, wherein obtaining the first time difference comprises measuring the first time difference at the first mobile device, obtaining the second time difference comprises receiving the second time difference from a base station at the first mobile device, and providing the location of the first mobile device comprises providing information indicating the location of the first mobile device to the user of the first mobile device, an application executed by the first mobile device, or both. The computer-readable medium according to any one of Articles 40 to 43.

[0185] Article 48. The computer-readable medium according to any one of Articles 40 to 47, wherein the first wireless reference signal comprises a sounding reference signal (SRS).

[0186] Article 49. The computer-readable medium according to any one of Articles 40 to 48, wherein the second wireless reference signal comprises an uplink (UL) transmission comprising a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble, or an SRS, or a combination thereof.

[0187] Article 50. The computer-readable medium according to any one of Articles 40 to 49, further comprising determining a difference between an angle of arrival (AoA) of the first wireless reference signal at a base station and an AoA of the second wireless reference signal at the base station, wherein determining the location of the first mobile device is further based on the AoA.

[0188] Clause 51. The computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 40 to 49, comprising using multilateration to determine the position of the first mobile device, wherein the position of the first mobile device is determined using a first time difference and a second time difference, the distance of the first mobile device from a base station and a second mobile device, and the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the additional mobile devices, which is determined from a wireless reference signal transmitted by a plurality of additional mobile devices and one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device.

[0189] Clause 52. The computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 40 to 51, wherein one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device comprise a second wireless reference signal. The invention described in the claims of the present application at the time of filing is appended below. [C1] A method for determining the position of a first mobile device, the method comprising: obtaining a first time difference, wherein the first time difference is the time when a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device, and the time when the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal and having a time difference therebetween, wherein the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network employing time-division duplexing (TDD), the first wireless reference signal is configured to arrive at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device receives a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity during that time, and includes cross-link interference (CLI) transmission, obtaining a second time difference, wherein the second time difference is the time when the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network, and the time when the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station and having a time difference therebetween, determining the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference, and providing the position of the first mobile device and comprising a method. [C2] Further comprising obtaining the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device, wherein determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device, the method according to C1. [C3] Sending a first configuration to the first mobile device, wherein the first configuration configures the first mobile device to receive the DL transmission, Sending a second configuration to the second mobile device, wherein the second configuration is to transmit the first wireless reference signal so that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at the time when the first mobile device is configured to receive the downlink DL transmission during that time. The method according to C1, further comprising. [C4] The method according to C3, wherein sending the first configuration, sending the second configuration, or both are performed by a location server or the base station. [C5] The position of the first mobile device is determined by the base station, wherein obtaining the first time difference comprises receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the base station, obtaining the second time difference comprises measuring the second time difference by the base station, providing the position of the first mobile device comprises sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device to the first mobile device or a location server. The method according to C1. [C6] The position of the first mobile device is determined by a location server, wherein obtaining the first time difference comprises receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the location server, obtaining the second time difference comprises receiving the second time difference from the base station at the location server, providing the position of the first mobile device comprises sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device from the location server to the requesting entity. The method according to C1. [C7] The method according to C6, further comprising receiving, at the location server, a request for the position of the first mobile device from the requesting entity before obtaining the first time difference or the second time difference. [C8] The position of the first mobile device is determined by the first mobile device, wherein obtaining the first time difference comprises measuring the first time difference at the first mobile device. Obtaining the second time difference includes receiving the second time difference from the base station at the first mobile device. Providing the position of the first mobile device includes providing information indicating the position of the first mobile device via a user interface of the first mobile device, providing it to an application executed by the first mobile device, or both. The method according to C1. [C9] The method according to C1, wherein the first wireless reference signal comprises a sounding reference signal (SRS). [C10] The second wireless reference signal is a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble, or SRS, or a combination thereof The method according to C1, comprising an uplink (UL) transmission comprising them. [C11] Further comprising determining a difference between an angle of arrival (AoA) of the first wireless reference signal at the base station and an AoA of the second wireless reference signal at the base station, wherein determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the AoA. The method according to C1. [C12] Determining the position of the first mobile device is the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the second mobile device determined using the first time difference and the second time difference, and the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the additional mobile devices determined from wireless reference signals transmitted by a plurality of additional mobile devices and one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device The method according to C1, comprising using multilateration to determine the position of the first mobile device based on the above. [C13] The method according to C12, wherein the one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device comprise the second wireless reference signal. [C14] A network-connected device for determining the position of a first mobile device, wherein the network-connected device is a transceiver, a memory, One or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory wherein the one or more processors are obtaining a first time difference, wherein the first time difference is the time at which a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device and the time at which the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal and having a time difference therebetween, wherein the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network that employs time division duplexing (TDD), the first wireless reference signal includes cross-link interference (CLI) transmission such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity therebetween, obtaining a second time difference, wherein the second time difference is the time at which the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network and the time at which the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station and having a time difference therebetween, determining the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference, and providing the position of the first mobile device A network-connected device configured to perform the above. [C15] The network-connected device according to C14, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to obtain the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device, and wherein the one or more processors are further configured to determine the position of the first mobile device based on the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device. [C16] The one or more processors are sending a first configuration to the first mobile device via the transceiver, wherein the first configuration configures the first mobile device to receive the DL transmission Sending a second configuration to the second mobile device via the transceiver, wherein the second configuration is to transmit the first wireless reference signal such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive the downlink DL transmission therebetween. The network-connected device according to C14, further configured to perform. [C17] The network-connected device comprises the base station, wherein To obtain the first time difference, the one or more processors are configured to receive the first time difference from the first mobile device via the transceiver. To obtain the second time difference, the one or more processors are configured to measure the second time difference. To provide the location of the first mobile device, the one or more processors are configured to send information indicating the location of the first mobile device to the first mobile device or a location server via the transceiver. The network-connected device according to C14. [C18] The network-connected device comprises a location server, wherein to obtain the first time difference, the one or more processors are configured to receive the first time difference from the first mobile device via the transceiver. To obtain the second time difference, the one or more processors are configured to receive the second time difference from the base station via the transceiver. To provide the location of the first mobile device, the one or more processors are configured to send information indicating the location of the first mobile device to the requesting entity via the transceiver. The network-connected device according to C14. [C19] The network-connected device according to C18, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive, via the transceiver, a request for the position of the first mobile device from the requesting entity before obtaining the first time difference or the second time difference. [C20] The network-connected device includes the first mobile device, wherein to obtain the first time difference, the one or more processors are configured to measure the first time difference in the first mobile device; to obtain the second time difference, the one or more processors are configured to receive the second time difference from the base station via the transceiver; to provide the position of the first mobile device, the one or more processors are configured to provide information indicating the position of the first mobile device via a user interface of the first mobile device, provide it to an application executed by the first mobile device, or both; The network-connected device according to C14. [C21] The network-connected device according to C14, wherein the first wireless reference signal includes a sounding reference signal (SRS). [C22] The second wireless reference signal is a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble, or SRS, or a combination thereof and includes an uplink (UL) transmission, the network-connected device according to C14. [C23] The network-connected device according to C14, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to determine a difference between an angle of arrival (AoA) of the first wireless reference signal at the base station and an AoA of the second wireless reference signal at the base station, and wherein determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the AoA. [C24] The one or more processors are for determining the position of the first mobile device The distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the second mobile device, determined using the first time difference and the second time difference, The distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the additional mobile device, determined from wireless reference signals transmitted by a plurality of additional mobile devices and one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device A network-connected device according to C14, configured to use multilateration to determine the position of the first mobile device based on the above. [C25] An apparatus for determining the position of a first mobile device, the apparatus comprising: Means for obtaining a first time difference, wherein the first time difference is The time at which a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device, and The time at which the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal And the time difference therebetween, wherein The first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network employing time-division duplex (TDD), The first wireless reference signal comprises cross-link interference (CLI) transmission such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device is configured to receive a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity therebetween. Means for obtaining a second time difference, wherein the second time difference is The time at which the first wireless reference signal arrives at the base station of the wireless communication network, and The time at which the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station And the time difference therebetween, Means for determining the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference, and Means for providing the position of the first mobile device An apparatus comprising. [C26] The apparatus according to C25, further comprising means for obtaining the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device, wherein the means for determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device. [C27] Means for sending a first configuration to the first mobile device, wherein the first configuration configures the first mobile device to receive the DL transmission; means for sending a second configuration to the second mobile device, wherein the second configuration configures the second mobile device to transmit the first wireless reference signal such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at the time when the first mobile device is configured to receive the downlink DL transmission during that time. The apparatus according to C25, further comprising. [C28] The apparatus comprises the base station, wherein the means for obtaining the first time difference comprises means for receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the base station; the means for obtaining the second time difference comprises means for measuring the second time difference using the base station; the means for providing the position of the first mobile device comprises means for sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device to the first mobile device or a location server. The apparatus according to C25. [C29] The apparatus comprises a location server, wherein the means for obtaining the first time difference comprises means for receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the location server; the means for obtaining the second time difference comprises means for receiving the second time difference from the base station at the location server; the means for providing the position of the first mobile device comprises means for sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device from the location server to the requesting entity. The apparatus according to C25. The apparatus according to C29, further comprising means for receiving a request for the position of the first mobile device from the requesting entity, prior to obtaining the first time difference or the second time difference. [C31] The apparatus comprises the first mobile device, wherein the means for obtaining the first time difference comprises means for measuring the first time difference in the first mobile device, the means for obtaining the second time difference comprises means for receiving the second time difference from the base station in the first mobile device, the means for providing the position of the first mobile device comprises means for providing information indicating the position of the first mobile device via the user interface of the first mobile device, an application executed by the first mobile device, or both. The apparatus according to C25. [C32] The apparatus according to C25, wherein the first wireless reference signal comprises a sounding reference signal (SRS). [C33] The second wireless reference signal is a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble, or SRS, or a combination thereof and comprises an uplink (UL) transmission. The apparatus according to C25. [C34] The apparatus according to C25, further comprising means for determining a difference between an angle of arrival (AoA) of the first wireless reference signal at the base station and an AoA of the second wireless reference signal at the base station, wherein determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the AoA. [C35] The means for determining the position of the first mobile device is the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the second mobile device, determined using the first time difference and the second time difference, and the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the additional mobile devices, determined from wireless reference signals transmitted by a plurality of additional mobile devices and one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device. The apparatus according to C25, comprising means for using multilateration to determine the position of the first mobile device based on [C36] The apparatus according to C35, wherein the one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device comprise the second wireless reference signal. [C37] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions for determining the position of a first mobile device, the instructions comprising obtaining a first time difference, wherein the first time difference is the time at which a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device, and the time at which the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal and having a time difference therebetween, wherein the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network employing time division duplex (TDD), the first wireless reference signal comprising cross-link interference (CLI) transmission such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time configured such that the first mobile device receives a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity therebetween. obtaining a second time difference, wherein the second time difference is the time at which the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network, and the time at which the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station and having a time difference therebetween, determining the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference, and providing the position of the first mobile device and a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising code for performing.

Claims

1. A method for determining the position of a first mobile device, the method being implemented by a first mobile device, a second mobile device, a base station, or a location server, acquiring a first time difference, wherein the first time difference is the time when a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device, and the time when the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal with a time difference therebetween, wherein the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network employing time division duplexing (TDD), the first wireless reference signal transmitted by the second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device at a time configured such that the first mobile device receives a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity during that time, with cross-link interference (CLI) transmission, acquiring a second time difference, wherein the second time difference is the time when the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network, and the time when the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station with a time difference therebetween, determining the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference, and providing the position of the first mobile device comprising a method.

2. further comprising acquiring the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device, wherein determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device, the method according to claim 1.

3. sending a first configuration to the first mobile device, wherein the first configuration configures the first mobile device to receive the DL transmission, Sending a second configuration to the second mobile device, wherein the second configuration is to transmit the first wireless reference signal such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at the time when the first mobile device is configured to receive the DL transmission during that time. The method according to claim 1, further comprising.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein sending the first configuration, sending the second configuration, or both are performed by a location server or the base station.

5. The position of the first mobile device is determined by the base station, wherein obtaining the first time difference comprises receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the base station, obtaining the second time difference comprises measuring the second time difference by the base station, providing the position of the first mobile device comprises sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device to the first mobile device or a location server. The method according to claim 1.

6. The position of the first mobile device is determined by a location server, wherein obtaining the first time difference comprises receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the location server, obtaining the second time difference comprises receiving the second time difference from the base station at the location server, providing the position of the first mobile device comprises sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device from the location server to the requesting entity. The method according to claim 1.

7. The method according to claim 6, further comprising receiving, at the location server, a request for the position of the first mobile device from the requesting entity before obtaining the first time difference or the second time difference.

8. The position of the first mobile device is determined by the first mobile device, wherein Obtaining the first time difference includes measuring the first time difference in the first mobile device. Obtaining the second time difference includes receiving the second time difference from the base station in the first mobile device. Providing the location of the first mobile device includes providing information indicating the location of the first mobile device via a user interface of the first mobile device, providing it to an application executed by the first mobile device, or both. The method according to claim 1.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first wireless reference signal comprises a sounding reference signal (SRS).

10. The second wireless reference signal is Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) preamble, or SRS, or a combination thereof The method according to claim 1, comprising an uplink (UL) transmission comprising them.

11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising determining a difference between an angle of arrival (AoA) of the first wireless reference signal at the base station and an AoA of the second wireless reference signal at the base station, wherein determining the location of the first mobile device is further based on the AoA.

12. Determining the location of the first mobile device is the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the second mobile device determined using the first time difference and the second time difference, and the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the additional mobile devices determined from wireless reference signals transmitted by a plurality of additional mobile devices and one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device The method according to claim 1, comprising using multilateration to determine the location of the first mobile device based on the above.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device comprise the second wireless reference signal.

14. A network-connected device for determining the position of a first mobile device, wherein the network-connected device is a transceiver, a memory, one or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory wherein the one or more processors are configured to obtain a first time difference, where the first time difference is the time at which a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device, and the time at which the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal and includes a time difference therebetween, where the first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network that employs time division duplexing (TDD), the first wireless reference signal transmitted by the second mobile device is configured to arrive at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device receives a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity during that time, and includes cross-link interference (CLI) transmission, configured to obtain a second time difference, where the second time difference is the time at which the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network, and the time at which the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station and includes a time difference therebetween, configured to determine the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference, and configured to provide the position of the first mobile device A network-connected device configured to perform the above.

15. The network-connected device according to claim 14, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to obtain the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device, and wherein the one or more processors are further configured to determine the position of the first mobile device based on the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device.

16. The one or more processors are Sending a first configuration to the first mobile device via the transceiver, wherein the first configuration configures the first mobile device to receive the DL transmission. Sending a second configuration to the second mobile device via the transceiver, wherein the second configuration configures the second mobile device to transmit the first wireless reference signal such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at the time when the first mobile device is configured to receive the DL transmission during that time. The network-connected device according to claim 14, further configured to perform the above. **Claim 17** The network-connected device includes the base station, wherein To obtain the first time difference, the one or more processors are configured to receive the first time difference from the first mobile device via the transceiver. To obtain the second time difference, the one or more processors are configured to measure the second time difference. To provide the location of the first mobile device, the one or more processors are configured to send information indicating the location of the first mobile device to the first mobile device or a location server via the transceiver. The network-connected device according to claim 14. **Claim 18** The network-connected device includes a location server, wherein To obtain the first time difference, the one or more processors are configured to receive the first time difference from the first mobile device via the transceiver. To obtain the second time difference, the one or more processors are configured to receive the second time difference from the base station via the transceiver. To provide the location of the first mobile device, the one or more processors are configured to send information indicating the location of the first mobile device to the requesting entity via the transceiver. The network-connected device according to claim 14. **Claim 19** The network-connected device according to claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive, via the transceiver, a request for the position of the first mobile device from the requesting entity before obtaining the first time difference or the second time difference.

20. The network-connected device includes the first mobile device, wherein the one or more processors are configured to measure the first time difference at the first mobile device in order to obtain the first time difference, the one or more processors are configured to receive the second time difference from the base station via the transceiver in order to obtain the second time difference, the one or more processors are configured to provide information indicating the position of the first mobile device to the user interface of the first mobile device, to an application executed by the first mobile device, or both, in order to provide the position of the first mobile device. The network-connected device according to claim 14.

21. The network-connected device according to claim 14, wherein the first wireless reference signal comprises a sounding reference signal (SRS).

22. The second wireless reference signal is a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble, or SRS, or a combination thereof The network-connected device according to claim 14, comprising an uplink (UL) transmission.

23. The network-connected device according to claim 14, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to determine a difference between an angle of arrival (AoA) of the first wireless reference signal at the base station and an AoA of the second wireless reference signal at the base station, wherein determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the AoA.

24. The one or more processors are for determining the position of the first mobile device The distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the second mobile device, determined using the first time difference and the second time difference, and The distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the additional mobile devices, determined from wireless reference signals transmitted by a plurality of additional mobile devices and one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device The network-connected device according to claim 14, configured to use multilateration to determine the position of the first mobile device based on **Claim 25** An apparatus for determining the position of a first mobile device, the apparatus comprising: Means for obtaining a first time difference, wherein the first time difference is The time at which a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device, and The time at which the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal Comprising a time difference therebetween, wherein The first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network employing time division duplex (TDD), The first wireless reference signal transmitted by the second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device at a time configured such that the first mobile device receives a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity during that time, comprising cross-link interference (CLI) transmission Means for obtaining a second time difference, wherein the second time difference is The time at which the first wireless reference signal arrives at the base station of the wireless communication network, and The time at which the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station Comprising a time difference therebetween, Means for determining the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference, and Means for providing the position of the first mobile device An apparatus comprising. **Claim 26** The apparatus according to claim 25, further comprising means for obtaining the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device, wherein the means for determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the position of the base station and the position of the second mobile device.

27. Means for sending a first configuration to the first mobile device, wherein the first configuration configures the first mobile device to receive the DL transmission. Means for sending a second configuration to the second mobile device, wherein the second configuration configures the second mobile device to transmit the first wireless reference signal such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at the time when the first mobile device is configured to receive the DL transmission during that time. The apparatus according to claim 25, further comprising.

28. The apparatus comprises the base station, wherein the means for obtaining the first time difference comprises means for receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the base station. the means for obtaining the second time difference comprises means for measuring the second time difference using the base station. the means for providing the position of the first mobile device comprises means for sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device to the first mobile device or a location server. The apparatus according to claim 25.

29. The apparatus comprises a location server, wherein the means for obtaining the first time difference comprises means for receiving the first time difference from the first mobile device at the location server. the means for obtaining the second time difference comprises means for receiving the second time difference from the base station at the location server. the means for providing the position of the first mobile device comprises means for sending information indicating the position of the first mobile device from the location server to the requesting entity. The apparatus according to claim 25.

30. The apparatus according to claim 29, further comprising means for receiving a request for the position of the first mobile device from the requesting entity before obtaining the first time difference or the second time difference.

31. The apparatus comprises the first mobile device, wherein the means for obtaining the first time difference comprises means for measuring the first time difference in the first mobile device, the means for obtaining the second time difference comprises means for receiving the second time difference from the base station in the first mobile device, the means for providing the position of the first mobile device comprises means for providing information indicating the position of the first mobile device via the user interface of the first mobile device, an application executed by the first mobile device, or both. The apparatus according to claim 25.

32. The apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the first wireless reference signal comprises a sounding reference signal (SRS).

33. The second wireless reference signal physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble, or SRS, or a combination thereof The apparatus according to claim 25, comprising an uplink (UL) transmission.

34. The apparatus according to claim 25, further comprising means for determining a difference between an angle of arrival (AoA) of the first wireless reference signal at the base station and an AoA of the second wireless reference signal at the base station, wherein determining the position of the first mobile device is further based on the AoA.

35. The means for determining the position of the first mobile device the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the second mobile device determined using the first time difference and the second time difference, and the distance of the first mobile device from the base station and the additional mobile devices determined from wireless reference signals transmitted by a plurality of additional mobile devices and one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device The apparatus according to claim 25, comprising means for using multilateration to determine the position of the first mobile device based on

36. The apparatus according to claim 35, wherein the one or more wireless reference signals transmitted by the first mobile device comprise the second wireless reference signal.

37. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions for determining the position of a first mobile device, the instructions being for a first mobile device, a second mobile device, a base station, or a location server to Obtain a first time difference, where the first time difference is The time when a first wireless reference signal transmitted by a second mobile device arrives at the first mobile device, and The time when the first mobile device transmits a second wireless reference signal And having a time difference therebetween, where The first mobile device and the second mobile device are communicatively linked to a wireless communication network employing time-division duplexing (TDD), The first wireless reference signal transmitted by the second mobile device is configured such that the first wireless reference signal arrives at the first mobile device at a time when the first mobile device receives a downlink (DL) transmission from a network entity during that time, and comprising cross-link interference (CLI) transmission, Obtain a second time difference, where the second time difference is The time when the first wireless reference signal arrives at a base station of the wireless communication network, and The time when the second wireless reference signal arrives at the base station And having a time difference therebetween, Determine the position of the first mobile device based on the first time difference and the second time difference, and Provide the position of the first mobile device A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising code for performing.

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