Component separation unit and crushing device

Abstract

To provide a component peeling unit and a crushing device, which efficiently peel a component to be peeled from a substrate.SOLUTION: A crushing device has: a crushing container that has a cylindrical side wall and a circular bottom wall in a plan view; and a rotary support part provided at a central portion of the bottom wall, and a component peeling unit is attached to the rotary support part. The component peeling unit has a flexible linear member with one end attached to the rotary support part, and a striking member connected to the other end of the linear member. The striking member has a connecting portion connected to the linear member, and a columnar portion that is connected to the opposite side of the connecting portion from the linear member and is formed in a columnar shape. The columnar portion is formed so that its length is longer than the width of the linear member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a component peeling unit and a crushing device for peeling components from a substrate provided in a waste product to be recycled.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a crushing device for crushing an object to be crushed put into a crushing container has been known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The crushing device of Patent Document 1 is configured to crush an object to be crushed by the rotation of a linear body provided on a rotating shaft at the bottom of the crushing container.

[0003] By the way, when considering recycling, even if it is a waste product, there are cases where it is not necessarily necessary to crush it into pieces. For example, when it is desired to peel off a component mounted on a substrate from the substrate, it is necessary to adjust the impact force on the object to be crushed so that the component can be peeled off without excessively crushing the substrate. In this regard, in a crushing device such as Patent Document 1, if the tip of a linear body made of a chain or the like collides with a component on the substrate, the peeling of the component may succeed.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, in a crushing device such as Patent Document 1, only the tip of the chain collides with the component on the substrate. That is, in a configuration in which a linear body is made to collide with a component on the substrate as in the prior art, since the area of the portion that can collide with the component is small, the component cannot be efficiently peeled off. Based on such circumstances, a component peeling unit and a crushing device for efficiently peeling components from a substrate are desired.

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a component peeling unit and a crushing device that efficiently peel components to be peeled from a substrate.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] A component peeling unit according to an aspect of the present invention is a component peeling unit attached to a rotation support portion of a crushing device having a crushing container having a cylindrical side wall and a bottom wall circular in plan view, and a rotation support portion provided at a central portion of the bottom wall, and has a linear member having flexibility and having one end attached to the rotation support portion, and a striking member connected to the other end of the linear member. The striking member has a connecting portion connected to the linear member and a columnar portion formed in a columnar shape and connected to the side opposite to the linear member of the connecting portion. The columnar portion is formed such that its length is longer than the width of the linear member.

[0008] A crushing device according to an aspect of the present invention has a crushing container having a cylindrical side wall and a bottom wall circular in plan view, a rotation support portion provided at a central portion of the bottom wall, and the above-described component peeling unit attached to the rotation support portion.

Effects of the Invention

[0009] According to the present invention, since the striking member connected to the linear member has a connecting portion and a columnar portion, and the length of the columnar portion is longer than the width of the linear member, the area of the portion that collides with the component on the substrate can be relatively increased, so that the component to be peeled from the substrate can be efficiently peeled.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0010] [Figure 1] It is a configuration diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a crushing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of the component peeling unit of FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] It is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of the component peeling unit of FIG. 1. [Figure 4]2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the configuration of the component peeling unit and the crushing device connected thereto in FIG. 1 as seen from the side. FIG. [Diagram 5] 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating the interior of the crushing container of the crushing device of FIG. 1 together with a component peeling unit, viewed from above. FIG. [Figure 6] 10 is a graph comparing various component peeling units and chains in the present embodiment in terms of peeling rate. [Figure 7] This graph shows data from Figure 6 that has similar clearances. [Figure 8] 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the width of the striking member and the peeling rate based on the data in FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a component peeling unit according to a first modified example of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a component peeling unit according to a second modified example of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of a component peeling unit according to the second modification of the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] Embodiment An example of the configuration of a crushing device and a part peeling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 3. As shown in Figure 1, the crushing device 100 has a crushing container 40 having a cylindrical side wall 41 and a bottom wall 42 that is circular in plan view.

[0012] An openable upper lid 50 is attached to the crushing container 40 via a first connecting portion 41a provided at the upper end of the side wall 41. The upper lid 50 is provided so as to be able to open and close the opening at the top of the crushing container 40. The upper lid 50 has an input hood 51 into which the objects to be crushed are input, and an input gate 52 through which the objects to be crushed input into the input hood 51 pass. In other words, the objects to be crushed input from the input hood 51 enter the crushing container 40 through the input gate 52.

[0013] Further, the crushing container 40 has a discharge gate 45 which is an opening provided in a part below the side wall 41. And, a discharge hood 55 for opening and closing the discharge gate 45 is provided in the crushing container 40 via a second connecting portion 41b provided at a central position in the height direction of the side wall 41.

[0014] The crushing device 100 has a gantry 70 for supporting the crushing container 40. The gantry 70 has a pedestal portion 71 and a support portion 72 connected to the upper part of the pedestal portion 71. The upper end portion of the support portion 72 of the gantry 70 is fixed to the bottom wall 42 of the crushing container 40. The crushing device 100 has a drive mechanism portion 80 at the central position of the gantry 70 in the lower part of the crushing container 40. The drive mechanism portion 80 includes a motor 81 and a shaft portion 82 connected to the motor 81. A rotary support portion 85 is connected to the end portion of the shaft portion 82 on the crushing container 40 side. The rotary support portion 85 is provided at the central position of the bottom wall 42 and rotates in conjunction with the shaft portion 82 that operates by the drive of the motor 81.

[0015] The crushing device 100 has an operation control device 90 for managing the operation of the drive mechanism portion 80. The operation control device 90 includes, for example, an operation portion 91 and a control portion 92. The operation portion 91 includes, for example, a drive button for instructing the drive of the motor 81, a stop button for instructing the stop of the drive of the motor 81, and the like. The operation portion 91 may be configured to receive an operation for setting and adjusting the rotation speed (frequency) of the motor 81. The operation portion 91 receives an operation by the user and transmits an operation signal corresponding to the content of the received operation to the control portion 92. The control portion 92 controls the rotation speed of the motor 81 by, for example, an inverter. The control portion 92 is constituted by, for example, an arithmetic device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a storage device for storing various information such as an operation program of the arithmetic device.

[0016] The operation control device 90 does not necessarily need to be installed together with the gantry 70 and may be provided at a position separated from the main body of the crushing device 100. The operation control device 90 may control the drive mechanism unit 80 not only by wire but also wirelessly. The operation control device 90 may be an external component of the crushing device 100.

[0017] The crushing device 100 has a component separation unit 10 attached to the rotary support portion 85. The component separation unit 10 has a flexible linear member 20 with one end 21 attached to the rotary support portion 85, and a striking member 30 connected to the other end 22 of the linear member 20. That is, the crushing device 100 has not only the function of crushing the object to be crushed but also the function of separating components from the object to be crushed. Here, "flexibility" refers to the property of a substance being flexibly bent by an external force. A chain that bends partially also has flexibility as a whole, so it corresponds to the linear member 20. However, the linear member 20 is not limited to a chain, and a wire rope, a link material, etc. may be adopted. However, a chain can be preferably used as the linear member 20 from the viewpoints of strength and ease of replacement. In the present embodiment, as the linear member 20, a chain formed by connecting a plurality of annular members, which are annular components, is exemplified.

[0018] The component separation unit 10 turns in a state parallel to the upper surface of the bottom wall 42 as the rotary support portion 85 rotates. Hereinafter, the state in which the component separation unit 10 turns as the rotary support portion 85 rotates is referred to as a "turning state". Also, in a state where the linear member 20 is straight from one end 21 to the striking member 30 like the turning state, the direction connecting the one end 21 of the linear member 20 and the center of the striking member 30 is referred to as the "extension direction".

[0019] As shown in FIG. 2, the striking member 30 has a connecting portion 31 connected to the linear member 20 and a columnar portion 32 connected to the side of the connecting portion 31 opposite the linear member 20 and formed in a columnar shape. The connecting portion 31 illustrated in FIG. 2 is formed in a plate shape with a notch formed on the side to which the linear member 20 is connected. That is, the connecting portion 31 has a U-shape or a concave shape in a plan view. The linear member 20 and the connecting portion 31 are connected by a connecting member 10a. FIG. 2 illustrates an example of the connecting member 10a as a bolt. Specifically, for example, threaded holes are formed in one and the other portions of the connecting portion 31 bifurcated by the notch. The connecting member 10a passes through the threaded hole in one portion, passes inside an annular member including the other end 22 of the linear member 20, and is screwed into the threaded hole in the other portion, thereby connecting the linear member 20 and the connecting portion 31. In other words, the connecting portion 31 is formed to have a U-shaped or concave cross section, and has a rectangular parallelepiped base portion 31a and a pair of support portions 31b connected to a surface of the base portion 31a facing the linear member 20 at a distance from each other. A rod-shaped connecting member 10a is detachably connected between the pair of support portions 31b.

[0020] The connecting portion 31 is formed so that its width W1 is longer than the width W0 of the linear member 20. The linear member 20 may be, for example, a chain with a width W0 of 28 mm. In the rotating component peeling unit 10, the width W1 of the connecting portion 31 is the width perpendicular to the extension direction (parallel to the column axis direction, described below), and is different from the thickness. The columnar portion 32 is formed so that the length W2 along the column axis direction, which is the direction in which the columnar portion 32 extends, is longer than the width W0 of the linear member 20 and the width W1 of the connecting portion 31. The thickness of the columnar portion 32 is equal to the thickness of the connecting portion 31. In this embodiment, the connecting portion 31 and the columnar portion 32 are integrally formed. In the configuration of FIG. 2, the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 is also referred to as the "width of the striking member 30."

[0021] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the striking member 30 in the component separation unit 10 may be connected to the side opposite to the connecting portion 31 of the columnar portion 32 and may have an adjusting member 35 formed in a columnar shape. The adjusting member 35 is formed such that the length W5 along the column axis direction, which is the direction in which the adjusting member 35 extends in a columnar shape, is longer than the width W0 of the linear member 20, the width W1 of the connecting portion 31, and the length W2 of the columnar portion 32. The adjusting member 35 is attached to the columnar portion 32 by a fastening tool such as a bolt so that its column axis direction is parallel to the column axis direction of the columnar portion 32. In the case of the configuration of FIG. 3, the length W5 of the adjusting member 35 is also referred to as the "width of the striking member 30". Here, when the striking member 30 has the adjusting member 35 as shown in FIG. 3, the columnar portion 32 may be formed such that the length W2 is equal to or less than the width W0 of the linear member 20.

[0022] Here, in the striking member 30, the end face on the side opposite to the linear member 20 is referred to as the striking side end face 30e. The striking side end face 30e of the striking member 30 in FIG. 2 is the end face on the side opposite to the connecting portion 31 of the columnar portion 32. The striking side end face 30e of the striking member 30 in FIG. 3 is the end face on the side opposite to the connecting portion 31 of the adjusting member 35 and the columnar portion 32.

[0023] The striking member 30 can be formed, for example, using a stainless steel material that is inexpensive, easy to mold, and has high strength. The striking member 30 may be formed using an iron material. The striking member 30 may be formed using an aluminum material. The striking member 30 made of an aluminum material has lower strength than the striking member 30 made of a stainless steel material, but its weight is lighter, so the striking force can be suppressed. The striking member 30 may be formed using a copper material or a brass material, etc., but from the perspective of cost, a stainless steel material is more preferable. The striking member 30 may be formed using tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, zirconia, or alumina, etc., from the perspective of wear resistance, etc. However, the striking member 30 may be formed by appropriately combining the above-mentioned various materials, etc., in order to adjust the striking force, etc. In the striking member 30 illustrated in FIG. 3, the connecting portion 31 and the columnar portion 32, and the adjusting member 35 may be formed of different materials.

[0024] Next, the positional relationship between the component peeling units 10 in a rotating state and the side wall 41 of the crushing container 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 partially illustrates the shredding device 100 to which two component peeling units 10 are attached, and FIG. 5 partially illustrates the shredding device 100 to which one component peeling unit 10 is attached. While FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate the component peeling units 10 of FIG. 2, the positional relationship between the component peeling units 10 of FIG. 3 and the side wall 41 of the crushing container 40 is similar and can be adjusted as appropriate. Note that the shredding device 100 may be configured to be able to attach two component peeling units 10 as shown in FIG. 4, or may be configured to be able to attach only one component peeling unit 10. However, the shredding device 100 may be configured to be able to attach three or more component peeling units 10.

[0025] The rotation support part 85 has a first member 86 that is circular in plan view and a second member 87 that is circular in plan view and is provided below the first member 86. The first member 86 and the second member 87 are connected to the shaft part 82. The rotation support part 85 has a support rod 88 that is provided from the outer periphery of the first member 86 to the outer periphery of the second member 87. FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a rotation support part 85 to which two component peeling units 10 can be attached, and therefore the rotation support part 85 has two support rods 88. The support rods 88 are connected to the first member 86 and the second member 87, and at least one end of the support rods 88 is releasable. With this configuration, the support rods 88 can be passed inside the annular member that includes one end 21 of the linear member 20, allowing the component peeling unit 10 to be connected to the rotation support part 85. For example, when a wire or the like is used as the linear member 20, it is preferable to form a loop portion at one end and the other end of the wire or the like through which the support rod 88 can be passed, or to connect a loop member.

[0026] The clearance C, which is the distance between the striking end face 30e, which is the end face of the striking member 30 on the side opposite to the linear member 20, and the inner surface of the side wall 41 of the crushing container, is set based on the size of the object to be crushed to be input into the crushing container 40 and the height of the component (target component) to be peeled off. That is, the length T0 of the component peeling unit 10 is set such that the clearance C, which is the distance between the striking end face 30e and the inner surface of the side wall 41 in the swiveled component peeling unit 10, becomes the distance determined for peeling the target component. Note that the clearance C corresponds to the length obtained by subtracting the distance T1, which is the distance between the center of the crushing container 40 and the striking end face 30e, from the inner radius R, which is the inner radius of the side wall 41, in the swiveled state of the component peeling unit 10. The center of the crushing container 40 coincides with the rotation center of the rotation support portion 85. As shown in FIG. 4, the length T0, the distance T1, and the inner radius R are all lengths along the radial direction of the crushing container 40.

[0027] More specifically, the clearance C is set according to the shape and size of the object to be crushed and the type and size of the target component mounted on the object to be crushed. In FIG. 5, as the object to be crushed, a substrate 5 formed by mounting electronic elements 5s, which are target components, on a base board 5b is illustrated. In this case, the clearance C is, for example, the plate thickness d, which is the thickness of the base board 5b, the element height S, which is the height of the electronic element 5s that is preferentially peeled off, and the substrate center distance K, which is the distance from the center position of the bottom surface of the base board 5b to the inner surface of the side wall 41 in a state where the back surface of the base board 5b is in contact with the side wall 41 of the crushing container 40. The substrate center distance K is determined by the substrate width W and the like.

[0028] For example, when the inner diameter (2R) of the crushing container 40 is 700 mm and the substrate width W is 250 mm, the substrate center distance K is about 23 mm. And when the plate thickness d of the base board 5b is 1.6 mm and the element height S of the electronic element 5s is 5 mm to 25 mm, the clearance C is set to about 27 mm to 40 mm. When a substrate is inserted into the crushing container 40, the substrate is bounced off by the rotating component separation unit 10 and is pushed against the side wall 41 as in the example of FIG. 5. Then, when the striking member 30 collides with the electronic element 5s, the electronic element 5s is separated from the substrate.

[0029] Subsequently, with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8, the separation rate of target components by the crushing device 100 equipped with two component separation units 10 will be described. Here, components such as ICs that are mounted in surface contact with the substrate and have a relatively large contact area may be separated due to the bending of the substrate caused by the collision with the component separation unit 10 or the collision with the crushing container 40. That is, such components may be separated without applying a direct impact. On the other hand, for components that are mounted in point contact with the substrate, such as aluminum electrolytic capacitors, that is, components that contact the substrate in an extremely narrow area, they are not separated by the degree of bending of the substrate. That is, it is difficult for such components to be separated unless the component separation unit 10 or the like directly collides with them.

[0030] Here, in order to clarify the advantages of the component separation unit 10 and the crushing device 100 in the present embodiment, the separation rate of aluminum electrolytic capacitors from the substrate is compared and verified including the conventional configuration. FIGS. 6 to 8 show the separation rate of aluminum electrolytic capacitors from the substrate by various component separation units 10 and the crushing device 100 equipped with a chain in the present embodiment.

[0031] FIG. 6 is a graph comparing various component separation units 10 and a chain in the present embodiment from the perspective of the separation rate. In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents the crushing time [sec], and the vertical axis represents the separation rate [%]. The crushing time refers to the time when the object to be crushed is put into the crushing container 40 and then the component separation unit 10 or the chain attached to the rotary support portion 85 is rotated. In the actual measurement of FIG. 6, as the component separation unit 10 according to the configuration of FIG. 2, the one with the width of the striking member 30 (the length W2 of the columnar portion 32) being 70 mm (hereinafter also referred to as the component separation unit 10A) was used, and as the component separation unit 10 according to the configuration of FIG. 3, the one with the width of the striking member 30 (the length W5 of the adjusting member 35) being 150 mm (hereinafter also referred to as the component separation unit 10B) was used. Further, as a comparative example for these, a chain with a width of 28 mm (hereinafter referred to as a conventional chain) was used. The width of the conventional chain corresponds to the width W0 of the linear member 20 and also corresponds to the width of the striking member.

[0032] Each component separation unit 10 was rotated at a rotational speed of 729 rpm, and the conventional chain was rotated at a rotational speed of 875 rpm. For the conventional chain, since sufficient striking force could not be obtained to separate the components at a rotational speed of 729 rpm, it was rotated at a rotational speed of 875 rpm. In the component separation unit 10A, the clearance C was changed in four stages of 25 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm, and 45 mm, and the actual measurement of the separation rate was performed. In the component separation unit 10B, the clearance C was set to 20 mm. For the conventional chain, the clearance C was set to 23 mm.

[0033] Figure 6 shows that for all component peeling units 10, the peeling rate was higher than that of the chain alone when the crushing time exceeded 36 seconds. More specifically, at 10 seconds of crushing, the peeling rate of the component peeling unit 10A under all conditions exceeded that of the conventional chain. The component peeling unit 10A with clearance C set to 40 mm continued to peel components efficiently, completing the peeling of all target components in approximately 24 seconds. The component peeling unit 10A with clearance C set to 25 mm showed a lower peeling rate than the 40 mm clearance C at 10 seconds of crushing, but its subsequent peeling efficiency was comparable to that of the 40 mm clearance C. Almost all target components were peeled in approximately 34 seconds, and all target components were completely peeled in approximately 43 seconds.

[0034] In the case of component peeling unit 10A with clearance C set to 45 mm, although the peeling efficiency gradually decreased, almost all target components were peeled in about 32 seconds, and peeling of all target components was completed in about 42 seconds. In the case of component peeling unit 10A with clearance C set to 35 mm, for a while after the crushing time exceeded 10 seconds, the peeling efficiency was similar to that of the same period when clearance C was 40 mm. In the case of component peeling unit 10B, although the peeling rate was lower than that of component peeling unit 10A at the 10 second crushing time point, the peeling rate increased at a nearly constant rate as time passed, and almost all target components were peeled in about 48 seconds, and peeling of all target components was completed in about 60 seconds.

[0035] On the other hand, with the conventional chain, the separation rate reaches 40% when the crushing time is 10 seconds, but then stagnates for a while. This is presumably because the width of the striking members of the conventional chain is relatively short, which reduces the probability of collision with the target component. Therefore, the separation rate increases relatively when the crushing time is between 20 and 30 seconds, but hardly increases at all when the crushing time is between 30 and 60 seconds. Thus, the relationship between the crushing time and the separation rate is unclear. This makes it difficult to set the crushing time required to separate the target components, and there is a high possibility that not all of the target components will be separated in the end.

[0036] In addition, as a reason why the peeling rate of the conventional chain does not increase even after a certain period of time, since the chain is installed at the bottom of the crushing container, only the target parts arranged in the vicinity of the substrate (the parts along the four sides of the top, bottom, left, and right) are peeled off, and the target parts arranged in the central part of the substrate are not peeled off. More specifically, for example, assuming a substrate with a side length of 250 mm that is square in plan view as the object to be crushed, it is considered that the target parts within a range of 75 mm from the edge of the substrate can be peeled off by the conventional chain. Then, only the target parts arranged within a range of 75 mm from each of the top, bottom, left, and right sides of the substrate are peeled off, and the target parts arranged in the 100 mm square part in the central part are not peeled off.

[0037] FIG. 7 is a graph obtained by picking out the data with the same clearance C from the data in FIG. 6. Referring to FIG. 7, for each configuration, taking as a criterion that the peeling of about 60% of the target parts is completed, the peeling rates at the same crushing time are compared. For example, when the peeling rate of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor at the time when the crushing time is 25 seconds is obtained by linear interpolation, it is 58.9% for the conventional chain, 61.8% for the component peeling unit 10B, and 84.7% for the component peeling unit 10A. When comparing the conventional chain and the component peeling unit 10B, the peeling rate of the conventional chain may temporarily exceed that of the component peeling unit 10B. However, as described above, since the peeling rate by the conventional chain is unstable due to the low collision probability and the like, overall, it can be said that the component peeling unit 10B is superior in terms of the peeling rate.

[0038] FIG. 8 is a graph showing the correspondence between the width of the striking member and the peeling rate based on the respective data when the crushing time in FIG. 7 is 25 seconds. In FIG. 8, the width [mm] of the striking member is taken as the horizontal axis, and the peeling rate [%] is taken as the vertical axis. In FIG. 8, the peeling rates of the conventional chain, the component peeling unit 10A, and the component peeling unit 10B when the crushing time in FIG. 7 is 25 seconds are plotted, and an approximate curve connecting these three points is shown by a broken line.

[0039] Here, on the condition that an improvement of about 10% can be expected from the peeling rate of 58.9% at the crushing time of 25 seconds in the conventional chain, the width of the striking member corresponding to a peeling rate of 70% or more is set as the effective range (effective range) for peeling the target part. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, the effective range of the width of the striking member is 40 mm to 140 mm. According to FIG. 8, it is considered more preferable that the width of the striking member is 60 mm to 120 mm, and even more preferable that it is 80 mm to 100 mm. And it is inferred that it is best to set the width of the striking member to about 90 mm.

[0040] As described above, the component peeling unit 10 in the present embodiment includes a linear member 20 having one end 21 attached to the rotary support portion 85, and a striking member 30 connected to the other end 22 of the linear member 20. The striking member 30 has a connecting portion 31 connected to the linear member 20 and a columnar portion 32 formed in a columnar shape. And the columnar portion 32 is formed such that the length W2 in the column axis direction is longer than the width W0 of the linear member 20. That is, the component peeling unit 10 has the striking member 30 having the connecting portion 31 and the columnar portion 32, and the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 is longer than the width W0 of the linear member 20. Therefore, since the area of the portion that collides with the target component on the substrate, which is the object to be crushed, can be made larger than that of a chain or the like, the component to be peeled from the substrate can be efficiently peeled. The columnar portion 32 is preferably formed such that the length W2 is longer than 28 mm, and more preferably formed such that the length W2 is 30 mm or more. From the viewpoint of stability during turning, the columnar portion 32 is preferably formed such that the length W2 is 150 mm or less.

[0041] By the way, in the conventional configuration where a chain or wire is rotated, not only is the probability of its tip colliding with the target component low, but also when the object to be crushed is relatively large, the number of components peeled off by a single collision decreases. Therefore, a large number of collisions are required until all target components or a certain number of target components are peeled off, resulting in the substrate being crushed uselessly. In this regard, since the component peeling unit 10 has the striking member 30, the area that can collide with the target component in the rotating state is larger than that of the conventional one, so the efficiency and accuracy of peeling the target component can be improved, and unnecessary breakage of the substrate can be suppressed.

[0042] Also, when using a conventional chain, in order to increase the frequency of direct impact with components, it is necessary to appropriately adjust the clearance C between the conventional chain and the crushing container. However, the length of the conventional chain depends on the length of one annular member according to its type and the number of connected annular members, and it is difficult to arbitrarily adjust the clearance C between the conventional chain and the crushing container. In this regard, since the component peeling unit 10 can achieve length adjustment independent of the annular member by adjusting the size of the striking member 30, the clearance C can be optimized. That is, according to the component peeling unit 10, various mounted components on the substrate can be selectively peeled off. Specifically, for a component with a relatively high height, such as an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the frequency of direct impact can be increased, and the component can be efficiently peeled off. Therefore, the crushing device 100 can be preferably used when peeling off electronic components containing aluminum from the substrate, for example, for providing substrates excluding those from which electronic components containing aluminum have been peeled off, such as copper smelters. In addition, according to the component peeling unit 10, since the number of times the striking member collides with the substrate can be reduced until a predetermined amount of components are peeled off, it is possible to improve the peeling rate of the target component while adjusting so that the substrate and components are not damaged as much as possible.

[0043] The columnar portion 32 is preferably formed such that the length W2 in the column axis direction is 40 mm or more and 140 mm or less from the viewpoint of increasing the peeling rate of the target component. The columnar portion 32 is more preferably formed such that the length W2 in the column axis direction is 60 mm or more and 120 mm or less, and even more preferably formed such that the length W2 is 80 mm or more and 100 mm or less. However, the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 may be appropriately adjusted according to the clearance C, the rotational speed, or the like.

[0044] The striking member 30 may be connected to the side opposite to the connecting portion 31 of the columnar portion 32 and may have an adjusting member 35 formed in a column shape. The adjusting member 35 is preferably formed such that the length W5 in the column axis direction is longer than the width W0 of the linear member 20. Even in this case, since the area of the portion that collides with the target component on the substrate, which is the object to be crushed, can be made larger than that of the linear member 20, the target component can be efficiently peeled off from the substrate. Further, by connecting the adjusting member 35, the length in the extending direction can be adjusted, so that a more flexible adjustment of the clearance C according to the type of the target component or the like can be performed. The adjusting member 35 is preferably formed such that the length W5 is longer than 28 mm, and more preferably formed such that the length W5 is 30 mm or more. The adjusting member 35 is preferably formed such that the length W5 is 150 mm or less from the viewpoint of stability during turning. When the striking member 30 has the adjusting member 35, the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 may be equal to or less than the width W0 of the linear member 20.

[0045] The adjusting member 35 is preferably formed such that the length W5 in the column axis direction is equal to or more than the length W2 of the columnar portion 32. By changing the length W5 of the adjusting member 35, it is possible to adjust the area of the portion that collides with the target component on the substrate, which is the object to be crushed, so that a flexible balance adjustment between excessive crushing of the object to be crushed and peeling of the target component becomes possible. And in the component peeling unit 10, since the side wall 41 side is heavier than the rotation support portion 85 side, the stability of the component peeling unit 10 during turning can be enhanced.

[0046] To increase the peeling rate of the target component, the adjustment member 35 may be formed so that its length W5 in the columnar axis direction is 40 mm or more and 140 mm or less. It is more preferable that the adjustment member 35 be formed so that its length W5 in the columnar axis direction is 60 mm or more and 120 mm or less, and even more preferable that it be formed so that its length W5 in the columnar axis direction is 80 mm or more and 100 mm or less. However, the length W5 of the adjustment member 35 may be adjusted appropriately depending on the clearance C, the rotation speed, etc.

[0047] The length T1 from the center of the crushing container 40 to the end of the striking member 30 on the sidewall 41 side is shorter than the inner radius R of the sidewall 41. More specifically, the clearance C, which is the distance between the end face of the striking member 30 opposite the linear member 20 (the striking-side end face 30e) and the inner surface of the sidewall 41 of the crushing container 40, is set based on the size of the objects to be crushed and the height of the target parts to be put into the crushing container 40. In other words, the component peeling unit 10 is preferably formed such that the length in the extension direction is determined and based on the size of the substrates to be crushed and the height of the target parts so that the clearance C in the rotational state is a length appropriate for peeling the target parts. This enables the target parts to be peeled efficiently and with high precision.

[0048] <Variation 1> 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a component peeling unit according to a first modification of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the striking member 30 of this first modification is configured so that the width W1 of the connecting portion 31 is equal to the length W2 of the columnar portion 32. That is, the columnar portion 32 is configured so that the length W2 along the column axis is longer than the width W0 of the linear member 20 and equal to the width W1 of the connecting portion 31. Other configurations of the component peeling unit 10 in this first modification are similar to those of the component peeling unit 10 shown in FIG. 2.

[0049] As described above, in the component separation unit 10 of the first modified example, the striking member 30 connected to the linear member 20 has a connecting portion 31 and a columnar portion 32, and the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 is longer than the width W0 of the linear member 20. Therefore, since the area of the portion that collides with the components on the substrate, which is the object to be crushed, can be made larger than that of a chain or the like, the target components can be efficiently separated from the substrate.

[0050] The component separation unit 10 in the first modified example may be configured in combination with the adjustment member 35, similar to the configuration example in FIG. 3. That is, the striking member 30 of the component separation unit 10 in the first modified example may be connected to the side opposite to the connecting portion 31 of the columnar portion 32 and may have an adjustment member 35 formed in a columnar shape. The adjustment member 35 may be formed such that the length W5 along the column axis direction is longer than the width W0 of the linear member 20, the width W1 of the connecting portion 31, and the length W2 of the columnar portion 32. The adjustment member 35 is attached to the columnar portion 32 by a fastening tool such as a bolt so that its column axis direction is parallel to the column axis direction of the columnar portion 32. According to the component separation unit 10 having such a configuration, since the length W5 of the adjustment member 35 is longer than the width W0 of the linear member 20, the area of the portion that collides with the components on the substrate can be made larger than that of a chain or the like, so that the target components can be efficiently separated from the substrate.

[0051] <Second Modified Example> In FIGS. 2, 3, and 9, a configuration example is shown in which the width W1 of the connecting portion 31, the length W2 of the columnar portion 32, and the length W5 of the adjustment member 35 are constant along the extending direction, but the present invention is not limited to this. The striking member 30 may be formed such that at least one of the width W1 of the connecting portion 31, the length W2 of the columnar portion 32, and the length W5 of the adjustment member 35 changes along the extending direction. With reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, a configuration example of the striking member 30 in the second modified example will be described.

[0052] The striking member 30 shown in Fig. 10 is formed so that the width W1 of the connecting portion 31 gradually increases toward the columnar portion 32. In the striking member 30 shown in Fig. 10, the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 is constant. Even in this case, the striking member 30 is formed so that the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 is longer than the width W0 of the linear member, so that the component to be peeled can be efficiently peeled from the substrate.

[0053] 10 shows an example of a configuration in which the width W1 of the connecting portion 31 increases uniformly along the extension direction (a configuration example in which the width W1 changes linearly), but this is not limiting. For example, the striking member 30 may be configured so that the width W1 of the connecting portion 31 changes quadratically. That is, the side surface of the connecting portion 31 does not need to be flat as shown in FIG. 10, but may be curved. Here, the width W1 of the connecting portion 31 does not need to be longer than the width W0 of the linear member over the entire area; for example, the width W1 of the end portion on the linear member 20 side may be shorter than the width W0.

[0054] 11, the shape of the connecting portion 31 is the same as in the example of FIG. 10, and the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 is formed so that it gradually increases toward the opposite side from the connecting portion 31. Even in this case, the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 of the striking member 30 is longer than the width W0 of the linear member, so that the component to be peeled can be efficiently peeled from the substrate.

[0055] 11 shows an example of a configuration in which the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 increases uniformly along the extension direction, but this is not limiting. For example, the striking member 30 may be configured so that the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 varies quadratically. That is, the side surface of the columnar portion 32 does not need to be flat as shown in FIG. 11, but may be curved. The length W2 of the columnar portion 32 should be longer than the width W0 of the linear member over the entire area.

[0056] 11 shows an example of a configuration in which the rate of increase in the width W1 of the connecting portion 31 along the extension direction is equal to the rate of increase in the length W2 of the columnar portion 32 along the extension direction, but this is not limiting. That is, the inclination of the side surface of the connecting portion 31 relative to the extension direction of the striking member 30 may be different from the inclination of the side surface of the columnar portion 32 relative to the extension direction. That is, the inclination of the side surface of the connecting portion 31 relative to the extension direction of the striking member 30 may be greater or smaller than the inclination of the side surface of the columnar portion 32.

[0057] The columnar portion 32 may be formed so that the length W2 gradually decreases toward the side opposite the connecting portion 31. However, from the viewpoint of peeling efficiency and stability during rotation, it is preferable to form the columnar portion 32 so that the length W2 gradually increases toward the side opposite the connecting portion 31 as shown in Fig. 11, and it is more preferable to form the columnar portion 32 so that the length W2 is constant as shown in Fig. 10.

[0058] 10 and 11, the width W1 of the end of the connecting portion 31 facing the columnar portion 32 may be different from the length W2 of the end of the columnar portion 32 facing the connecting portion 31. That is, in the striking member 30, the width W1 of the end of the connecting portion 31 facing the columnar portion 32 may be shorter or longer than the length W2 of the end of the columnar portion 32 facing the connecting portion 31. When such a configuration is adopted, a step is formed on the side surface of the striking member 30 at the boundary between the connecting portion 31 and the columnar portion 32.

[0059] Although not shown, in the striking member 30 equipped with the adjustment member 35, the length W5 of the adjustment member 35 may be formed so that it gradually increases toward the side opposite the columnar portion 32. In this case, the adjustment member 35 may be formed so that the length W5 increases uniformly along the extension direction, or so that it varies quadratically. The length W5 of the adjustment member 35 should be longer than the width W0 of the linear member over the entire region. The adjustment member 35 may also be formed so that the length W5 gradually decreases toward the side opposite the columnar portion 32. However, from the standpoint of peeling efficiency and stability during rotation, it is preferable to form the length W5 so that it gradually increases toward the side opposite the columnar portion 32, and it is more preferable to form the length W5 so that it is constant.

[0060] Here, each of the above-described embodiments is a specific example of the component separation unit and the crushing device, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these aspects. For example, in FIG. 2 and the like, the columnar portion 32 formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape is illustrated, but it is not limited thereto. The columnar portion 32 may be formed in a semi-cylindrical shape, or may have a shape combining a rectangular parallelepiped shape and a semi-cylindrical shape. However, from the viewpoint of separation efficiency and the like, the columnar portion 32 is preferably formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. In FIG. 3, the adjustment member 35 formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape is illustrated, but it is not limited thereto. For example, the adjustment member 35 may be formed in a cylindrical shape or a semi-cylindrical shape, or may have a shape combining a rectangular parallelepiped shape and a semi-cylindrical shape. However, from the viewpoint of separation efficiency, the adjustment member 35 is preferably formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Note that the columnar portion 32 in the present embodiment is formed such that the length W2 along the column axis direction is longer than the width W0 of the linear member 20 and is equal to or greater than the width W1 of the connecting portion 31.

Description of Reference Numerals

[0061] 5 Substrate, 5b Base board, 5s Electronic element, 10, 10A, 10B Component separation unit, 10a Connecting member, 20 Linear member, 21 One end portion, 22 The other end portion, 30 Impact member, 30e Impact side end face, 31 Connecting portion, 31a Base portion, 31b Branch portion, 32 Columnar portion, 35 Adjustment member, 40 Crushing container, 41 Side wall, 41a First connecting portion, 41b Second connecting portion, 42 Bottom wall, 45 Discharge gate, 50 Upper lid, 51 Input hood, 52 Input gate, 55 Discharge hood, 70 Stand, 71 Pedestal portion, 72 Support portion, 80 Drive mechanism portion, 81 Motor, 82 Shaft portion, 85 Rotation support portion, 86 First member, 87 Second member, 88 Support rod, 90 Operation control device, 91 Operation portion, 92 Control portion, 100 Crushing device, C Clearance.

Claims

1. A crushing device having a crushing container with a cylindrical side wall and a circular bottom wall in a plan view, and a rotation support part provided at a center of the bottom wall, the crushing device comprising: a component peeling unit attached to the rotation support part for peeling components from a substrate, a linear member made of a flexible chain, one end of which is attached to the rotation support portion; a striking member connected to the other end of the linear member, The striking member is a connecting portion having a plate shape and a concave cross section, which is connected to the linear member via a connecting member; and a columnar portion connected to the connecting portion on the opposite side of the linear member and formed in a columnar shape, which is formed in a T-shape; The width of the connecting portion is greater than the width of the linear member, The columnar portion has a length in a column axis direction, which is a direction in which the columnar portion extends, that is longer than a width of the connecting portion.

2. The striking member is a columnar adjustment member detachably connected to the columnar portion on the opposite side to the connecting portion, The component peeling unit according to claim 1 , wherein the adjustment member is disposed parallel to the columnar portion, and the length of the adjustment member in the columnar axis direction is longer than the length of the columnar portion in the columnar axis direction.

3. A crushing device having a crushing container with a cylindrical side wall and a circular bottom wall in a plan view, and a rotation support part provided at a center of the bottom wall, the crushing device comprising: a part peeling unit attached to the rotation support part, a linear member made of a flexible chain, one end of which is attached to the rotation support portion; a striking member connected to the other end of the linear member, The striking member is a connecting portion connected to the linear member; a columnar portion connected to the connecting portion on the opposite side to the linear member; a columnar adjustment member detachably connected to the columnar portion on the opposite side to the connecting portion, The columnar portion and the adjustment member are arranged in parallel, The columnar portion has a length in a column axis direction, which is a direction in which the columnar portion extends, that is longer than a width of the linear member, The length of the adjustment member in the column axis direction is longer than the length of the column-shaped portion in the column axis direction.

4. A crushing vessel having a cylindrical side wall and a circular bottom wall in a plan view; a rotation support portion provided at a central portion of the bottom wall; A crushing device comprising: a component peeling unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 attached to the rotation support part.

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