Building walls and their construction methods

Abstract

Provided is a building wall with which in the event of a fire, deformation of an underlay on a fire side is minimized by restraint from an overlay to maintain a contact state between the two, and when heat during a fire is transferred from the underlay to the overlay on a non-fire side and the overlay is deformed, it is possible to keep the overlay surface material constituting the overlay from falling off of the underlay. A building wall 100 comprises at least an underlay surface material 30A connected directly or indirectly to a stud 40, and an overlay surface material 20A that is connected to the underlay surface material 30A and that faces into a room. The overlay surface material 20A is connected to the underlay surface material 30A with the aid of at least an adhesive 53, and the amount of the adhesive 53 applied is less than 100 g / m2.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to building walls and construction methods thereof. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, the method of attaching architectural panels to studs to construct building walls such as partition walls and interior walls of exterior walls involves connecting one architectural panel to studs that are installed horizontally at intervals with a piercing connection means such as a screw. Here, in a single-pane building wall configuration in which a building wall is constructed from a single architectural panel, each architectural panel is connected to a flange of a stud formed, for example, from a channel steel or the like.

[0003] On the other hand, in a building wall constructed with, for example, two architectural panels, the underlying panel, which is the architectural panel, is connected to the studs with screws or the like, and an adhesive, such as a vinyl acetate adhesive, is applied to the back of the upper panel, which is then bonded to the surface of the lower panel. Because this adhesive connection method requires a certain amount of time for the adhesive to harden, a method is used in which the upper panel is temporarily attached to the underlying panel, and then a connecting means, such as a staple, is inserted into the surface of the upper panel to temporarily connect the upper panel to the underlying panel. Because the staple is left in place, the underlying panel and the upper panel are connected to each other by both the adhesive and the staple.

[0004] The amount of adhesive used to connect the underlayment and the toplay is generally 150 g / m 2 The thickness is about the same or higher, and multiple staples are used to temporarily connect one top surface material. For example, Patent Document 1 also proposes a partition wall in which the underlayment surface material is fixed to the studs with tapping screws or screws, and the top surface material is fixed to the underlayment surface material with an organic adhesive and staples.

[0005] In connecting the underlayment to the overlay, in addition to the above-mentioned connection using both adhesive and staples, connections using only adhesive or only staples are also possible, but regardless of the connection type, the strong connection between the underlayment and the overlay enhances the integrity of the overlap. Therefore, in the event of a fire, deformation of the underlay on the fire side is suppressed by the restraint from the overlay, maintaining a state of abutment between the two, and heat during the fire is transferred from the underlay to the overlay on the non-fire side, causing deformation of the overlay due to this heat, making it easier for the overlay to fall off the underlay. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-169468 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The present disclosure provides a building wall in which, in the event of a fire, deformation of the underlayment on the fire side is suppressed by the restraint from the top layer, maintaining a state of contact between the two, and when heat during a fire is transferred from the underlayment to the top layer on the non-fire side, causing the top layer to deform, the top layer surface material constituting the top layer can be prevented from falling off from the underlayment. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A building wall according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises: A building wall comprising at least a subfloor surface material connected directly or indirectly to a stud, and a top surface material connected to the subfloor surface material and facing the interior of a room, The upper surface material is connected to the lower surface material at least via an adhesive, The amount of adhesive applied is 100 g / m 2 is less than.

[0009] Furthermore, a building wall according to another aspect of the present disclosure includes: A building wall comprising at least a subfloor surface material connected directly or indirectly to a stud, and a top surface material connected to the subfloor surface material and facing the interior of a room, The upper surface material is connected to the lower surface material via at least a first fastener, The number of the first fasteners is 7.2 to 32.7 / m 2 is.

[0010] Furthermore, a building wall according to another aspect of the present disclosure includes: A building wall comprising a subfloor surface connected to a stud and a top surface connected to the subfloor surface and facing a room, The upper surface material is connected to the lower surface material via at least one of an adhesive and a first fastener, The underlayment surface material is connected to the stud via a second fastener, The number of the second fasteners is less than 5.0 fasteners per meter.

[0011] Furthermore, a building wall according to another aspect of the present disclosure includes: A building wall comprising: other surface materials connected to studs; an underlayment surface material connected to the other surface materials; and an upper surface material connected to the underlayment surface material and facing the interior of a room, The underlayment surface material is connected to the other surface material via a third fastener, The upper surface material is connected to the lower surface material via at least one of an adhesive and a first fastener, The other surface material is connected to the stud via a second fastener, The number of the second fasteners is less than 5.0 fasteners per meter.

[0012] Furthermore, a construction method for a building wall according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes: A method for constructing a building wall, comprising at least a subfloor surface material connected directly or indirectly to a stud, and a top surface material connected to the subfloor surface material and facing the interior of a room, a sub-surface material connecting step of directly or indirectly connecting the sub-surface material to the stud; and a surface material connecting step of connecting the upper surface material to the lower surface material via at least an adhesive, The amount of adhesive applied was 100 g / m 2 Less than. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the present disclosure, in the event of a fire, deformation of the underlayment on the fire side is suppressed by the restraint from the top layer, maintaining the abutting state of the two, and when heat during a fire is transferred from the underlayment to the top layer on the non-fire side, causing the top layer to deform, the top layer surface material that makes up the top layer can be prevented from falling off from the underlayment. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a building wall according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] 10 is a diagram showing an example of a connection configuration of an upper surface material to a lower surface material, showing the position where adhesive is applied and the position where a first fastener is fastened. FIG. [Figure 3] 10 is a diagram showing the application position of adhesive in another example of the connection configuration of the upper surface material to the lower surface material. FIG. [Figure 4] A figure showing the fastening position of the first fastener in yet another example of the connection form of the upper surface material to the lower surface material. [Figure 5A] FIG. 5 is a side view showing an example of deformation of the underlayment and overlayment in the event of a fire and an example of the state of overlapping in the connection configuration of the underlayment surface material and overlayment surface material shown in FIGS. 2 to 4. [Figure 5B] FIG. 5B is a view taken in the direction of the arrow B in FIG. 5A. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the fastening position of the second fastener in an example of the connection of the underlayment surface material to the stud. [Figure 7]7 is a diagram showing an example of deformation of the stud, underlayment, and overlay in the case of a fire, and an example of the state of overlapping, in the connection configuration of the stud and underlayment surface material shown in FIG. 6. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] Hereinafter, an example of a building wall and a construction method thereof according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and drawings, substantially identical components are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations may be omitted.

[0016] [Building wall according to the embodiment and its construction method] An example of a building wall according to an embodiment and a construction method thereof will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 7. Here, Figure 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a building wall according to an embodiment. Also, Figures 2 to 4 are respectively a diagram showing the application position of adhesive and the fastening position of a first fastener in an example of a connection form of an upper surface material to a lower surface material, a diagram showing the application position of adhesive, and a diagram showing the fastening position of the first fastener.

[0017] Here, the building wall in the illustrated example is a double-panel partition wall with two layers of underlayment and toplayment on each side of the stud, but the building wall may also be a partition wall with three or more layers of surface material overlaid on both sides of the stud. It may also be a partition wall with two or three layers of surface material overlaid on only one side of the stud. Furthermore, in addition to partition walls, it may also be an interior side wall of an exterior wall. In a double-panel partition wall, as in the illustrated example, the underlayment surface material is directly attached to the stud. On the other hand, in a configuration with three or more layers of surface material overlaid, other surface materials (surface materials different from the top and underlayment surface materials) that are in close contact with the illustrated underlayment surface material are attached to the stud, so the underlayment surface material is indirectly attached to the stud.

[0018] The partition wall 100 shown in FIG. 1 is applied to steel-framed buildings, RC (Reinforced Concrete) buildings, wooden buildings, etc., and these buildings include ordinary detached houses, apartment complexes, factories, warehouses, etc.

[0019] The partition wall 100 has a plurality of studs 40 that form the main framework, a lower runner 46 (or floor runner), and an upper runner 45 (or ceiling runner). The studs 40 extend vertically, and the upper runner 45 and lower runner 46 extend horizontally.

[0020] Both the upper runner 45 and the lower runner 46 are formed from lightweight steel frame materials such as channel steel, and the upper runner 45 is attached to the upper floor structure 47 with its opening facing downward, while the lower runner 46 is attached to the lower floor structure 48 with its opening facing upward.

[0021] The studs 40 are formed from light-gauge steel lipped channel steel, but may also be formed from channel steel or square steel pipe.

[0022] The upper end 43 and lower end 44 of each stud 40 are fitted into the upper runner 45 and the lower runner 46, respectively, thereby fixing the studs to the upper runner 45 and the lower runner 46. Although not shown, a plurality of horizontally extending steady rests may be provided at a predetermined pitch (for example, 1200 mm pitch) in the height direction of the studs 40.

[0023] The upper runner 45, lower runner 46, and studs 40 are made of lightweight steel with a thickness of, for example, 0.4 mm or more, and may be steel runners and steel studs specified in JIS A 6517 ("Steel base materials for construction"), or equivalent, compliant, or compatible products. In the partition wall 100, a plurality of studs 40 are set between the lower runner 46 and upper runner 45 in the width direction of the wall (the longitudinal direction of the lower runner 46, etc. in Figure 1) at intervals of 606 mm or less (for example, intervals of 606 mm or 455 mm).

[0024] In the partition wall 100, the back surface 32 of the horizontally arranged underlayment surface material 30A abuts against a pair of mounting surfaces 41, 42 of the stud 40, and the front surface 31 is connected to the mounting surfaces 41, 42 on both sides of the stud 40 with screws 51 (an example of a second fastener) such as a screw. The underlayment 30 is formed by the multiple underlayment surface materials 30A connected to the studs 40.

[0025] 2, the back surface 22 of the upholstery surface material 20A, which is arranged vertically, is adhered to the underlayment 30 with adhesive 53, and is connected to the underlayment 30 with staples 52 (an example of a first fastener) driven into the front of the upholstery surface material 20A from the side of the interior side surface 21. The upholstery 20 is formed by the multiple upholstery surface materials 20A connected to the underlayment 30.

[0026] In this way, a double overlap 10 is formed by the underlayment 30 and the overlayment 20 on both sides of the stud 40. In addition to the illustrated example, the underlayment panel 30A may be arranged vertically and the overlayment panel 20A may be arranged horizontally. Although not shown, in an overlapping configuration of three or more panels, the other panel (a panel different from the overlayment panel and the underlayment panel) is connected to the stud with a second fastener such as a screw, the underlayment panel is connected to the other panel with a third fastener such as a screw, and the overlay panel is connected to the underlayment panel with a first fastener such as an adhesive or staple. In this case, the third fastener such as a screw may be driven into the stud, penetrating the other panel.

[0027] The underlay surface material 30A, which is a construction surface material, may be made of gypsum plate, gypsum board, calcium silicate board, particle board, hardboard, plywood, structural plywood, etc., and among these, gypsum plate and gypsum board are preferably used.

[0028] On the other hand, for the facing surface material 20A, which is a construction surface material, gypsum board, gypsum board, calcium silicate board, etc. are used, and among them, gypsum board and gypsum board are preferably used.

[0029] Here, gypsum board includes not only general gypsum board, but also reinforced gypsum board, ordinary hard gypsum board, sheathing hard gypsum board, moisture-absorbing and desorbing reinforced gypsum board, moisture-absorbing and desorbing ordinary gypsum board, moisture-absorbing and desorbing hard gypsum board, glass fiber nonwoven fabric-reinforced gypsum board, glass mat gypsum board, etc.

[0030] For example, when gypsum board is used, its short sides, long sides, and thickness are 910mm x 1820mm x 9.5mm semi-non-combustible material, or 910mm x 1820mm (2420mm, 2730mm) x 12.5mm (15mm, 21mm, 25mm) non-combustible material, and the width of the gypsum board is not limited to 910mm, but also includes 606mm, 1000mm, 1220mm, etc.

[0031] Furthermore, for example, any one of vinyl acetate resin adhesives, acrylic resin adhesives, urethane resin adhesives, epoxy resin adhesives, polyamide adhesives, polysulfide adhesives, silicone adhesives, and synthetic rubber adhesives can be used as the adhesive 53 that connects the upper surface material 20A to the underlayment 30. As the vinyl acetate adhesive, for example, Yoshino Sakubibond (purity 34 to 38%), a product name manufactured by Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd., can be used.

[0032] In the underlayment 30, vertical joints (not shown) and horizontal joints 36, which are butt joints, are provided between a plurality of underlayment face materials 30A that are adjacent to each other vertically and horizontally.

[0033] Meanwhile, in the facing 20, vertical joints 25 and horizontal joints 26, which are butt joints, are provided between a plurality of facing surface materials 20A that are adjacent to each other in the vertical and horizontal directions.

[0034] The example of the overlay surface material 20A shown in Figure 2 has a vertical length t1 of 1820 mm and a horizontal width t2 of 910 mm. As shown in Figure 2, when the underlay 30 and the overlay 20 are connected with staples 52 and adhesive 53, the amount of adhesive and staples used is significantly reduced compared to conventional adhesives and staples.

[0035] In the example shown in FIG. 2, a set of staples 52 and adhesive 53 are provided in a position where they overlap each other, and each set of staples 52 and adhesive 53 is arranged in three columns and five rows, with the same pitch in each column.

[0036] More specifically, the amount of adhesive 53 applied is 100 g / m 2 The amount of adhesive applied is set to less than 150g / m 2 The amount of adhesive to be applied is calculated by dividing the amount of adhesive 53 used for one board by the area of one board (for example, 1.82 m × 0.91 m ≒ 1.66 m 2 )

[0037] The amount of adhesive 53 applied is 100 g / m 2 Among those less than 10 to 50 g / m 2 The range is preferably 10 to 30 g / m 2 The range of the amount of adhesive 53 applied is more preferably 10 g / m. 2 is the minimum amount required to bond the top surface material 20A to the underlayment surface material 30A in normal times (when there is no fire).

[0038] On the other hand, the number of staples 52 (first fasteners) is 7.2 to 32.7 / m. 2 The number of staples is set to 40 / m. 2 The number of staples should be less than the number of first fasteners 52 used per board. Ordinary U-shaped staples and U-shaped staples both have two piercing claws, but each staple is counted as one staple. Additionally, staples with one piercing claw, such as T-shaped staples, are also counted as one staple. Here, the number is calculated by dividing the number of first fasteners 52 used per board by the area of one board.

[0039] The number of staples 52 is 7.2 to 32.7 / m 2 Among them, 7.2 to 19.1 strands / m 2The number of staples 52, 7.2, is the minimum number required to fasten the upper surface material 20A to the lower surface material 30A in normal times (when there is no fire).

[0040] Here, the connection form of the upper covering 20 to the lower covering 30 may be the form shown in FIG. 2, as well as the forms shown in FIGS.

[0041] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the underlayment 30 and the overlayment 20 are connected only by adhesive 53. In this connection embodiment, the amount of adhesive 53 applied is 100 g / m 2 Since the first fastener is not used, it is preferable to apply an amount of coating near the upper limit of this numerical range.

[0042] On the other hand, the configuration shown in Figure 4 is a configuration in which the underlayment 30 and the overlayment 20 are connected only by staples 52 (first fasteners). In this connection configuration, the number of staples 52 is also 7.2 to 32.7 per meter. 2 Since no adhesive is used, it is preferable to apply a number near the upper limit of this numerical range.

[0043] Next, an example of the deformation of the underlayment and overlayment in the event of a fire and the state of overlapping will be described with reference to Fig. 5. Here, Fig. 5A is a side view showing an example of the deformation of the underlayment and overlayment in the event of a fire and the state of overlapping in the connection configuration of the underlayment surface material and overlay surface material shown in Figs. 2 to 4, and Fig. 5B is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in Fig. 5A.

[0044] In FIG. 5A, the lower layer 30 side of the overlapping layer 10 is the fire side, and the upper layer 20 side is the non-fire side facing the room.

[0045] In the event of a fire, heat rises from the top of the room (toward the ceiling), and so the heat during the fire causes the upper region of the underlayment 30 on the fire side to be easily deformed, deforming in the X1 direction toward the fire side as shown in the illustrated example. In Fig. 5A, the underlayment 30 before deformation is shown by a dashed line, and the underlayment 30 after deformation is shown by a solid line.

[0046] According to the inventors, since the horizontal joints 36 and their vicinity, which are weaker in strength, are more susceptible to deformation in the upper part of the underlayment 30, it has been determined that by setting the amount of adhesive 53 applied connecting the underlayment 30 and the upper layer 20 and the number of first fasteners 52 within the above-mentioned numerical ranges, deformation occurs in the deformation mode shown in Fig. 5A. The heat acting on the lower part of the underlayment 30 is relatively lower than that on the upper part, so the amount of deformation is small, and in some cases, almost no deformation occurs at all.

[0047] As a result of the deformation of the upper region of the underlayment 30 toward the fire, an air layer 60 is formed between the underlayment 30 and the top layer 20 above the overlayment 10. For example, FIG. 5B shows an air layer formation area A formed above the overlayment 10.

[0048] In the event of a fire, an air layer 60 is formed in at least a portion of the area between the underlayment 30 and the overlayment 20, which inhibits heat transfer from the underlayment 30 to the overlayment 20, thereby inhibiting deformation of the overlayment 20 as shown in Fig. 5A. Fig. 5A shows the overlayment 20 as not being thermally deformed, but in reality, the upper area of the overlayment 20, for example, is also slightly thermally deformed, but the amount of deformation is smaller than that of the underlayment 30.

[0049] Since the upper region of the underlayment 30 deforms toward the fire while the overlayment 20 shows almost no deformation, as shown in Figure 5A, the overlayment 10 after thermal deformation has an air layer 60 above it, but the underlayment 30 and the overlayment 20 remain connected in their lower regions and at their upper ends.

[0050] If the underlayment and overlayment were firmly connected using a conventional amount of adhesive or a conventional number of staples, the thermal deformation of the underlayment toward the fire side would be restrained by the overlay in the upper area of the overlap, making it difficult for an air gap to form between the underlayment and overlayment.If an air gap does not form between the underlayment and overlayment, heat during a fire will be transferred from the underlayment to the overlay on the non-fire side, causing the overlay to deform and potentially causing the overlay surface material that makes up the overlay to fall off the underlayment.

[0051] The above-mentioned numerical ranges for the amount of adhesive 53 applied and the number of staples 52 (first fasteners) are those that provide a connection strength that will release the connection between the underlayment 30 and the overlayment 20 when the overlapping layer 10 is subjected to heat during a fire (for example, heat from above in a room). Therefore, in the overlapping layer 10 of the building wall 100, the underlayment 30 will deform relatively significantly due to heat during a fire, forming an air layer 60 between the underlayment 30 and the overlayment 20. This suppresses heat transfer to the overlayment 20, and by suppressing deformation of the overlayment 20, it is possible to prevent the overlay surface material 20A that constitutes the overlayment 20 from falling off the underlayment 30.

[0052] FIG. 6 is a front view of an example of the connection of the underlayment surface material to the stud shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1, showing the fastening positions of the second fasteners.

[0053] The illustrated underlayment surface material 30A has the same dimensions as the overlayment surface material 20A shown in FIG. 2 etc., and therefore the vertical length t2 is 910 mm, the same as the horizontal width t2 of the overlayment surface material 20A.

[0054] In the illustrated example, the underlayment surface material 30A is connected to each stud 40 by three screws 51 (second fasteners).

[0055] More specifically, the number of screws 51 (second fasteners) is set to less than 5.0 per meter, which is fewer than the conventional number of screws: 5.0 per meter. The number is calculated by dividing the number of second fasteners 51 used per board per stud 40 by the length (width) of one board in the direction along the studs 40.

[0056] The number of screws 51 is preferably 1.5 to 4.4 per meter, even if it is less than 5.0 per meter. Here, 1.5 screws 51 is the minimum number required to stably fix the underlayment surface material 30A to the studs 40 in normal times (non-fire situations).

[0057] Next, an example of the deformation of the studs, underlayment, and overlay in the event of a fire, and the state of the overlapping, will be described with reference to Fig. 7. Here, Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the deformation of the studs, underlayment, and overlay in the event of a fire, and the state of the overlapping, in the connection configuration of the studs and underlayment facing material shown in Fig. 6.

[0058] As shown in Figure 7, heat during a fire causes the studs 40 and underlayment 30 on the fire side to deform more easily, especially in their upper regions, causing the studs 40 and underlayment 30 to deform in the X2 direction toward the fire side, as shown in the example shown. In Figure 7, the underlayment 30 before deformation is shown by a dashed line, and the studs 40 and underlayment 30 after deformation are shown by a solid line.

[0059] According to the inventors, by setting the number of second fasteners 51 connecting the studs 40 and the underlayment 30 within the above numerical range, it has been determined that the deformation occurs in the deformation mode shown in Figure 7.

[0060] Then, as the studs 40 deform toward the fire, the upper area of the underlayment 30 deforms toward the fire, forming an air layer 60 between the underlayment 30 and the toplayment 20 above the overlayment 10.

[0061] In a conventional structure where the underlayment is firmly fixed to the studs using a standard number of studs, the increased connection strength between the studs and the underlayment reduces the deformation of the studs during a fire, which in turn reduces the deformation of the underlayment. The underlayment, which is less likely to deform, maintains its contact with the overlayment, which makes it difficult for an air gap to form between them. This means that when heat is transferred from the underlayment to the overlayment during a fire, causing the overlayment to deform, the overlayment's surface material may fall off the underlayment.

[0062] The above-mentioned numerical range for the number of screws 51 (second fasteners) connecting the studs 40 and the underlayment 30 to each other is a number that provides a connection strength sufficient to prevent the studs 40 from being restrained by the underlayment 30 when exposed to heat during a fire (for example, heat from above in a room). Therefore, in the studs 40 and lapped 10 of the building wall 100, the studs 40 are deformed by heat during a fire, and the underlayment 30 deforms in response to the deformation of the studs 40, forming an air layer 60 between the underlayment 30 and the overlay 20, which suppresses heat transfer to the overlay 20 and, by suppressing deformation of the overlay 20, prevents the overlay surface material 20A that constitutes the overlay 20 from falling off the underlayment 30.

[0063] Here, by setting the amount of adhesive 53 applied connecting the underlayment 30 and the top layer 20 and the number of staples 52 (first fasteners) within the above numerical ranges, and further setting the number of screws 51 (second fasteners) connecting the studs 40 and the underlayment 30 within the above numerical ranges, it becomes easier to form the deformation mode in the event of a fire shown in Figure 7, and the effect of preventing the top layer 20 from falling off from the underlayment 30 is further improved.

[0064] The building wall construction method according to the first embodiment is a construction method for a building wall that includes at least a subfloor surface material 30A that is directly or indirectly connected to the studs 40, and a top surface material 20A that is connected to the subfloor surface material 30A and faces the interior of the room. This construction method includes a subfloor surface material connecting step in which the subfloor surface material 30A is connected directly or indirectly to the studs 40, and a top surface material connecting step in which the top surface material 20A is connected to the subfloor surface material 30A via at least an adhesive 53. In the top surface material connecting step, the amount of adhesive 53 applied is set to 100 g / m 2 Less than.

[0065] The building wall construction method according to the second embodiment includes a sub-surface material connecting step of connecting the sub-surface material 30A to the studs 40 via second fasteners 51, and a top-surface material connecting step of connecting the top-surface material 20A to the sub-surface material 30A via at least first fasteners 52. In the top-surface material connecting step, the number of first fasteners 52 is set to 7.2 to 32.7 / m. 2 Let's say.

[0066] The building wall construction method according to the third embodiment includes a sub-surface connecting step of connecting a sub-surface material 30A to studs 40 via second fasteners 51, and a top-surface connecting step of connecting a top-surface material 20A to the sub-surface material 30A via at least one of adhesive 53 and first fasteners 52. In the sub-surface connecting step, the number of second fasteners 51 is set to less than 5.0 pieces / m.

[0067] Furthermore, a building wall construction method according to a fourth embodiment is a construction method for a building wall including an other surface material (not shown) connected to studs 40, a subfloor surface material 30A connected to the other surface material, and a top surface material 20A connected to the subfloor surface material 30A and facing the interior of the room. This construction method includes an other surface material connecting step in which the other surface material is connected to the studs 40 via second fasteners 51, a subfloor surface material connecting step in which the subfloor surface material 30A is connected to the other surface material via at least one of adhesive 53 and first fasteners 52, and a top surface material connecting step in which the top surface material 20A is connected to the subfloor surface material 30A via at least one of adhesive 53 and first fasteners 52. In the other surface material connecting step, the number of second fasteners 51 is less than 5.0 per meter.

[0068] [Fire resistance test] The inventors fabricated a double-sided partition wall with two layers of overlapping coverings, consisting of an underlayment and an overlayment, attached a thermocouple to the stud at approximately the center of its height (near the center of the wall height), and conducted a fire resistance test to measure the temperature.

[0069] One side of the partition wall was designated as the heated side, and the thermocouple was attached to an area of the stud on the unheated side.

[0070] In this fire resistance test, the underlayment and toplayment are 2 The underlay and toplay were connected with an adhesive of 27.2 strands / m and the fire resistance test was carried out. 2 The fire resistance test was conducted by connecting the studs and underlayment with 4.9 screws / m. The fire resistance test was also conducted by connecting the underlayment and overlayment with 95g / m 2 of adhesive and 27.2 strands / m 2 The studs and underlayment were connected with 4.9 staples per meter, and the fire resistance tests were then conducted. As a result, in all fire resistance tests, it was confirmed that an air gap was formed between the underlayment and overlay on the non-heated side when the thermocouple reached approximately 380-430°C.

[0071] Next, the underlay and toplay are applied with 50g / m 2 The results confirmed that when the thermocouple reached approximately 330°C, an air gap formed between the underlay and overlay on the non-heated side.

[0072] Furthermore, a separate fire resistance test was conducted by varying the amount of adhesive, the number of staples, and the number of screws. 2 The underlay and overlay were connected with adhesives of 7.2 to 19.1 strands / m and the fire resistance test was carried out. 2 The fire resistance test was conducted by connecting the studs and underlayment with staples of 10 to 30 g / m. The fire resistance test was also conducted by connecting the studs and underlayment with screws of 1.5 to 4.4 g / m. 2 Adhesive and 7.2 to 19.1 strands / m 2The studs and underlayment were connected with staples at 1.5 to 4.4 screws per meter, and fire resistance tests were conducted. As a result, in all fire resistance tests, it was confirmed that an air layer was formed between the underlayment and overlayment on the non-heated side when the thermocouple reached approximately 230 to 280°C.

[0073] This fire resistance test confirmed that by setting the amount of adhesive applied connecting the underlayment and overlay, the number of staples, and the number of screws connecting the studs and underlayment within the specific numerical ranges mentioned above, an air gap is formed between the underlayment and overlay that form the lapped layer on the non-heated side (non-fire side). By forming an air gap between the underlayment and overlay, heat transfer from the underlayment to the overlay on the non-heated side (non-fire side) during heating is suppressed, and deformation of the overlay is suppressed, preventing the overlay surface material that makes up the overlay from falling off the underlay, resulting in the formation of a building wall with excellent fire resistance.

[0074] It should be noted that other embodiments may be possible in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments, and the present disclosure is not limited to the configurations shown here. In this regard, modifications are possible within the scope of the present disclosure, and can be appropriately determined depending on the application form.

[0075] This international application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-017489, filed on February 7, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. [Explanation of symbols]

[0076] 10: Layering 20: Covering 20A: Surface covering 21:Interior side 22: Back 25: Vertical joint (butt joint) 26: Horizontal joint (butt joint) 30: Underlay 30A: Underlayment surface material 31:Front 32: Back 36: Horizontal joint (butt joint) 40: Stud 45: Upper runner 46: Lower runner 47,48:Floor structure 51: Screw (second fastener) 52: Staple (first fastener) 53: Adhesive 60: Air layer 100: Partition wall (building wall) A: Air layer formation area

Claims

1. A building wall comprising at least a subfloor surface material connected directly or indirectly to a stud, and a top surface material connected to the subfloor surface material and facing the interior of a room, The upper surface material is connected to the lower surface material at least via an adhesive, The amount of adhesive applied is 100 g / m ２ Less than a building wall.

2. A building wall comprising at least a subfloor surface material connected directly or indirectly to a stud, and a top surface material connected to the subfloor surface material and facing the interior of a room, The upper surface material is connected to the lower surface material via at least a first fastener, The number of the first fasteners is 7.2 to 32.7 / m ２ That is, the building wall.

3. A building wall comprising a subfloor surface connected to a stud and a top surface connected to the subfloor surface and facing a room, The upper surface material is connected to the lower surface material via at least one of an adhesive and a first fastener, The underlayment surface material is connected to the stud via a second fastener, The number of the second fasteners is less than 5.0 fasteners / m.

4. A building wall comprising: other surface materials connected to studs; an underlayment surface material connected to the other surface materials; and an upper surface material connected to the underlayment surface material and facing the interior of a room, The underlayment surface material is connected to the other surface material via a third fastener, The upper surface material is connected to the lower surface material via at least one of an adhesive and a first fastener, The other surface material is connected to the stud via a second fastener, The number of the second fasteners is less than 5.0 fasteners / m.

5. A building wall as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is configured so that in the event of a fire, the underlayment surface material located on the fire side deforms relatively more than the upper surface material, and an air layer is formed in a partial area between the underlayment surface material and the upper surface material while the upper surface material does not fall off from the underlayment surface material.

6. A method for constructing a building wall, comprising at least a subfloor surface material connected directly or indirectly to a stud, and a top surface material connected to the subfloor surface material and facing the interior of a room, a sub-surface material connecting step of directly or indirectly connecting the sub-surface material to the stud; and a surface material connecting step of connecting the upper surface material to the lower surface material via at least an adhesive, The amount of adhesive applied is 100 g / m ２ A construction method for building walls that is less than

7. A method for constructing a building wall, comprising at least a subfloor surface material connected directly or indirectly to a stud, and a top surface material connected to the subfloor surface material and facing the interior of a room, a sub-surface material connecting step of connecting the sub-surface material to the stud via a second fastener; and a surface material connecting step of connecting the surface material to the underlayment surface material via at least a first fastener. The number of the first fasteners is set to 7.2 to 32.7 pieces / m ２ A construction method for building walls.

8. A method for constructing a building wall, comprising: a subfloor surface material connected to a stud; and a top surface material connected to the subfloor surface material and facing the interior of a room, a sub-surface material connecting step of connecting the sub-surface material to the stud via a second fastener; a surface material connecting step of connecting the upper surface material to the lower surface material via at least one of an adhesive and a first fastener; A construction method for a building wall, wherein the number of the second fasteners is less than 5.0 pieces / m.

9. A method for constructing a building wall, the building wall comprising: other surface materials connected to studs; an underlayment surface material connected to the other surface materials; and an upper surface material connected to the underlayment surface material and facing the interior of a room, Another surface material connecting step of connecting the other surface material to the stud via a second fastener; a sub-surface material connecting step of connecting the sub-surface material to the other surface material via a third fastener; a surface material connecting step of connecting the upper surface material to the lower surface material via at least one of an adhesive and a first fastener; A construction method for a building wall, wherein the number of the second fasteners is less than 5.0 pieces / m.

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