Roller cutter unit and cutter head of shield machine or tunnel boring machine to which it is attached

Abstract

To prevent a roller cutter body constituting a roller cutter unit from shifting in the axial direction.SOLUTION: In a roller cutter RC provided on a front of a cutter head 2 of a shield excavator 1, an inclination is provided on facing surfaces of a side plate part 33a of a cutter adapter 30 and a wedge block 50 constituting the roller cutter RC so as to move the side plate part 33a toward an opposite side plate part 33b. Thereby, the side plate part 33b on one side can be brought into close contact with an inner surface of a cutter saddle 40 without any gap, so that it is possible to prevent a roller cutter body 20 constituting the roller cutter RC from shifting in the axial direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a roller cutter unit and a cutter head of a shield machine or a cutter head of a tunnel boring machine to which the roller cutter unit is attached, and relates to, for example, a fixing technique for fixing a roller cutter body to the roller cutter unit. [Background technology]

[0002] A roller cutter is an excavation tool used to crush and cut bedrock and hard soil and sand, and comprises a roller cutter body, a cutter adapter that supports it in a freely rotatable state, a cutter saddle that is welded to the cutter head of a shield tunneling machine or the like while holding the cutter adapter, and a wedge block that secures the cutter adapter to the cutter saddle in a detachable state.

[0003] The roller cutter body has a hollow disk-shaped cutting plate and a plurality of carbide tips attached to the outer periphery of the cutting plate. The carbide tips are embedded at predetermined intervals along the periphery of the cutting plate.

[0004] The cutter adapter has a rotating shaft portion inserted into the hollow portion in the radial center of the cutter plate, a bearing portion provided between the outer periphery of the rotating shaft portion and the inner periphery of the hollow portion of the cutter plate, and a pair of side plate portions joined to both axial ends of the rotating shaft portion and covering and protecting both side surfaces of the cutter plate.

[0005] The cutter saddle is composed of a hollow frame-like housing that surrounds and holds the roller cutter body and cutter adapter, with its main surface facing the cutting face and its back surface open. When viewed with the side of the roller cutter body facing forward, a pair of gaps are formed between both radial side surfaces of the side plate portion of the cutter adapter and parts of the cutter saddle facing each of those side surfaces. The gaps extend along the side of the roller cutter body so that their width gradually narrows from the outer periphery of the cutter adapter toward the center. A wedge block is fitted into each of the pair of gaps, thereby fixing the cutter adapter to the cutter saddle.

[0006] The wedge block is formed in a wedge shape that gradually narrows from one end to the other in a plan view to fit the shape of the gap described above. The deeper the wedge block is pushed into the gap, the stronger the cutter adapter can be pressed against the cutter saddle. The wedge block is also detachably fastened to the cutter saddle with a bolt. This allows the roller cutter body to be replaced from inside the shield tunneling machine or other machine even during excavation when it wears out.

[0007] Regarding roller cutters, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which the wedge block has a wedge-shaped shape when viewed from above, so that when the bolts on the wedge block are tightened, the cutter adapter is pressed against the cutter saddle. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 63-130896 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] Incidentally, because roller cutters are primarily used to cut hard ground, it is desirable to firmly secure the cutter adapter to prevent the roller cutter body from wobbling, etc. If the cutter adapter is not firmly secured, the cutting edge of the roller cutter body will not be stable against the rock at the face, which may result in problems such as poor rock crushing or damage to the roller cutter body.

[0010] However, there is a gap between the cutter adapter and the cutter saddle as an installation allowance. Of this gap, the gap in the diameter direction of the roller cutter body (the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft) can be eliminated by tightening the wedge block bolts, but the gap in the thickness direction of the roller cutter body (the axial direction of the rotating shaft) remains even when the wedge block bolts are tightly tightened, resulting in the problem that the roller cutter body may shift in the axial direction of the rotating shaft during excavation.

[0011] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned technical background, and has an object to prevent axial displacement of a roller cutter body that constitutes a roller cutter unit. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] In order to solve the above problem, the roller cutter unit of the present invention as set forth in claim 1 comprises: A roller cutter unit attached to a cutter head rotatably provided at the tip end of the device body,a housing that surrounds and holds the roller cutter body and the support member in a state where they are exposed from the face on the face side and the back surface on the back side of the face side; and fixing members that are provided on both side surfaces in the rotation axis direction of the roller cutter body and that fix the support member to the housing in a state where they can be attached and detached; the roller cutter body comprises a hollow disc-shaped cutting plate and a plurality of carbide tips embedded along the outer periphery of the cutting plate; and the support member comprises a rotating shaft portion that is inserted into a hollow portion of the cutting plate, and a bearing portion that is provided between the inner periphery of the hollow portion and the outer periphery of the rotating shaft portion. and a pair of side plates joined to both ends of the rotary shaft in the axial direction and provided to cover both side surfaces of the cutter disk, wherein a gap extending from the back side of the housing toward the cutting face side is formed between the side plates and the housing on both side surfaces in the rotary shaft direction of the roller cutter body so as to gradually narrow in width, and the fixing member is formed so as to gradually narrow in width from one end toward the other end in the longitudinal direction so as to match the shape of the gap in a plan view, and the fixing member is configured to be fitted into the gap to fix the support member to the housing, One side The side plate portion has a surface that faces and contacts the fixed member, and the side plate portion has a slope that gradually widens in width from the outside toward the center of the roller cutter body in the direction of the rotation axis, and the fixed member has a surface that faces and contacts the side plate portion, and the fixed member has a slope that gradually narrows in width from the outside toward the center of the roller cutter body in the direction of the rotation axis. On the other side surface of the roller cutter body in the rotational axis direction, the surface of the side plate portion that faces and contacts the fixed member and the surface of the fixed member that faces and contacts the side plate portion are formed parallel to the rotational axis of the roller cutter body, and due to the inclination formed on the fixed member provided on one side surface of the roller cutter body in the rotational axis direction, the side on which the support member provided on the other side surface of the roller cutter body in the rotational axis direction is pressed against the housing is the outer circumferential side of the cutter head. It is characterized by:

[0013] The roller cutter unit of the present invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, a pair of gap portions are provided on both sides of the widthwise center of the side plate portion on both side sides in the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter body, and the pair of gap portions are arranged so as to gradually separate from the back surface toward the working face.

[0014] The roller cutter unit of the present invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1 or 2 above, two or more of the cutter disks are joined to each other and arranged side by side along the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter body.

[0015] The roller cutter unit of the present invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 3, the fixing member is detachably joined to the housing by a bolt.

[0016] The cutter head of the shield tunneling machine of the present invention described in claim 5 is characterized in that a roller cutter unit described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is attached to the cutter head of a shield tunneling machine having a chamber between a cutter head arranged in a freely rotatable state at the tip side of the equipment body and a partition wall arranged on the tip surface of the equipment body.

[0018] Claim 6 The cutter head of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention described above comprises a cutter head rotatably mounted on the tip side of the equipment body, a first fixing means for fixing the equipment body, a second fixing means for fixing the equipment body and mounted forward of the first fixing means on the equipment body, and an extension means for extending and retracting between the first fixing means and the second fixing means, and is characterized in that a roller cutter unit described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is attached to the cutter head of a tunnel boring machine having a mechanism for advancing the equipment body by repeatedly extending and retracting the extension means when fixed by the first fixing means and when fixed by the second fixing means.

[0019] Claim 7 The cutter head of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention described above is Claim 6 In the invention described above, the side on which the support member is pressed against the housing due to the inclination formed on the fixing member is the outer circumferential side of the cutter head. [Effects of the Invention]

[0020] According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the roller cutter body constituting the roller cutter unit from being displaced in the axial direction. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the main components of a shield tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, seen through the side view. FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a front view of a cutter head constituting the shield machine of FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the roller cutter as seen from the face side. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a side view of the roller cutter as seen from the direction of arrow A1 in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is a front view of the roller cutter as seen from the direction of arrow A2 in FIG. 3. [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 3. [Figure 7] 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the roller cutter of FIG. 1, seen from the rear side. FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is an exploded cross-sectional view of one wedge block of FIG. 8. [Figure 10] 2 is a plan view of the roller cutter of FIG. 1 as seen from the back side. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a plan view of a roller cutter studied by the present inventors for comparison, as viewed from the rear side. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a side view showing the main components of the tunnel boring machine according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings for explaining the embodiment, the same components are generally designated by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof will be omitted.

[0023] (First embodiment)

[0024] First, an example of the configuration of a shield tunneling machine according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of the main parts of the shield tunneling machine according to this embodiment, showing the inside of the machine from the side as seen through.

[0025] The shield tunneling machine 1 of this embodiment is a mud pressure type shield machine that excavates while ensuring the stability of the face by filling the chamber 4 between the cutter head 2 and the equipment body 3 with mud that is impermeable and has plastic fluidity (the ability to deform and move freely) created by injecting additives into the soil and sand excavated by the cutter head 2 and mixing it, thereby generating mud pressure that counteracts the earth pressure at the face and ensuring the stability of the face.

[0026] The cutter head 2 is a shield cutter machine that excavates the ground, and is installed in front of the tip head of the shield tunneling machine 1 in a state where it can rotate in both forward and reverse directions along the circumferential direction of the equipment body 3. Although not particularly limited, the diameter of the cutter head 2 is, for example, about 5360 mm, and the thickness of the cutter head 2 is, for example, 610 mm.

[0027] A center cutter C, roller cutters (roller cutter units) RC, scraper teeth (not shown in Figure 1), etc. are installed on the front surface (the surface facing the working face) of this cutter head 2. The center cutter C and roller cutter RC are excavation parts that mainly cut away the natural ground, and the scraper teeth are cutting parts that mainly cut the natural ground.

[0028] A copy cutter CC is also installed on the outer periphery of the cutter head 2. The copy cutter CC is responsible for over-excavating when constructing sharp curves and for controlling the attitude of the shield tunneling machine 1. A mixing blade 6 is also installed on the back surface of the cutter head 2. The mixing blade 6 is formed, for example, from a cylindrical protruding member, and has the role of stirring and mixing the soil and additives in the chamber 4 when the cutter head 2 rotates. The cutter head 2 will be explained later.

[0029] The equipment main body 3 includes a forward body plate (forward body section) 3a, an aft body plate (aft body section) 3b behind it, and a tail seal 3c behind it.

[0030] The front and rear plates 3a, 3b are formed, for example, from cylindrical steel plates, and are components that form the outer shape of the equipment body 3 and also form a hollow space inside the equipment body 3. The front and rear plates 3a, 3b are engaged with each other by inserting a spherical bearing portion at the tip of the rear plate 3b into the rear end side of the front plate 3a while contacting the inner peripheral surface of the front plate 3a.

[0031] The tail seal 3c is a sealing member that prevents groundwater and the like from entering the equipment main body 3 from the rear during excavation work, and is installed in a frame shape along the inner circumference of the rear body plate 3b at the rear end of the rear body plate 3b.

[0032] A bulkhead 7 is installed on the front side of the front body plate 3a at a position set back from the front surface toward the inside of the equipment body 3. The bulkhead 7 is a steel plate that divides the hollow space inside the equipment body 3 into a face side and an inboard side, and the chamber 4 is provided on the face side of this bulkhead 7 (i.e., between the cutter head 2 and the bulkhead 7). Note that earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 2 is taken into the chamber 4 through through-holes (not shown in FIG. 1) that penetrate the front and back surfaces of the cutter head 2.

[0033] On the other hand, inside the main body 3 of the shield tunneling machine 1, a cutter driver 8, a bending jack 9a, a shield jack 9b, a screw conveyor 10, an erector 11, an earth pressure detection unit 12, and additive injection units 13a, 13b, 13c, etc. are installed.

[0034] The cutter drivers 8 are motors (drive sources) that rotate the cutter head 2 in forward and reverse directions, and a plurality of them are installed in a line near the outer periphery inside the front of the cutter head 2 along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 2. Note that a periphery support drive system is exemplified here as the cutter drive system.

[0035] The articulating jacks 9a are devices that correct the forward direction and attitude of the excavator 1, and are installed in multiple rows along the circumferential direction of the equipment body 3, straddling the boundary between the front and rear plates 3a, 3b so as to connect the two plates within the equipment body 3. By supplying pressure oil to these articulating jacks 9a and propelling the shield machine 1 with the front and rear plates 3a, 3b bent in a predetermined direction and angle, it is possible to control the forward direction and attitude of the shield machine 1.

[0036] The shield jack 9b is a device that generates a propulsion force to move the shield tunneling machine 1 forward by receiving a reaction force from the segment SG installed at the rear of the equipment main body 3, and multiple shield jacks 9b are installed in a row along the circumferential direction of the equipment main body 3, straddling the boundary between the front body plate 3a and the rear body plate 3b within the equipment main body 3.

[0037] The screw conveyor 10 is a device for discharging the soil and sand taken into the chamber 4 outside the machine, and is installed at the bottom of the main body 3, penetrating the partition wall 7, extending continuously diagonally upward from a soil and sand intake end 10a located inside the chamber 4 to a discharge end 10b located at the rear of the main body 3, slightly higher than the center of the height of the main body 3. Note that a ribbon screw conveyor is shown as an example here.

[0038] The erector 11 is an assembly device that grasps the segment SG, rotates it in the inner circumferential direction of the excavation hole, and transports it to an assembly position in the inner circumferential direction of the excavation hole, and is installed in the hollow of the rear body plate 3b in a state that allows it to rotate in the circumferential direction of the excavation hole by a hydraulic motor (not shown) for driving the erector, etc.

[0039] Earth pressure detection unit 12 is a sensor that detects the mud pressure inside chamber 4. By managing the mud pressure inside chamber 4 detected by earth pressure detection unit 12, shield machine 1 is able to excavate while ensuring the stability of the tunnel face.

[0040] Additive injector 13a is a piping section that injects the additive (mud making material) into chamber 4, and is installed in a state that penetrates partition wall 7. Additive injector 13b is a piping section that injects the additive (mud making material) to the outer periphery and face of shield machine 1, and is installed at multiple locations around the circumferential direction of front body plate 3a. Furthermore, additive injector 13c is a piping section that injects the additive (mud making material) to the outer periphery of shield machine 1, and is installed at multiple locations around the circumferential direction of rear body plate 3b.

[0041] Next, a configuration example of the cutter head 2 will be described with reference to Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a front view of the cutter head that constitutes the shield machine of Fig. 1.

[0042] The cutter head 2 is, for example, composed of a disc-shaped spoke-type cutter head, and includes two spoke portions 2a, 2b arranged in a cross shape, cover portions 2c installed at four locations between adjacent spoke portions 2a, 2b, an outer ring portion 2r connecting the tips of the spoke portions 2a, 2b, and the above-mentioned through hole 2h formed between these components.

[0043] The above-mentioned center cutter C is installed in the center of the front of the cutter head 2. Instead of the center cutter C, other cutter members for an excavator, such as a center bit or a cone head type roller bit, may be installed.

[0044] Additionally, multiple roller cutters RC (RC1, RC2) are installed within the front face of the cutter head 2. One of the roller cutters RC1 is installed in the center of the width direction (short direction) of the spoke portions 2a, 2b, lined up at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the spoke portions 2a, 2b. Note that other cutter members for an excavator, such as a leading bit, may be installed instead of the roller cutter RC1.

[0045] The other roller cutters RC2 are installed in pairs on each cover portion 2c, lined up in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 2. The two roller cutters RC2 on each cover portion 2c are installed with their inclination angles (installation angles) changed relative to each other.

[0046] Furthermore, within the front of the cutter head 2, on both sides of the width direction (short direction) of the spoke portions 2a, 2b, the above-mentioned plurality of scraper teeth ST are arranged in a row along the longitudinal direction of the spoke portions 2a, 2b.

[0047] Furthermore, a plurality of additive injection sections 13d to 13f are provided on the spokes 2a and 2b within the front of the cutter head 2 for injecting a soil-making material such as a bentonite-based additive toward the face in front of the cutter head 2. Note that, as the additive, an aerated material may be used instead of the bentonite-based additive, or both the bentonite-based additive and the aerated material may be used.

[0048] Next, the configuration of the roller cutter RC1 described above as an example of the roller cutter RC will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0049] Figure 3 is a plan view of the roller cutter seen from the face side, Figure 4 is a side view of the roller cutter seen from the direction of arrow A1 in Figure 3, Figure 5 is a front view of the roller cutter seen from the direction of arrow A2 in Figure 3, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view along line II in Figure 3, Figure 7 is a partially broken oblique view of the roller cutter of Figure 1 seen from the back side, Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view along line II-II in Figure 3, Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing one wedge block of Figure 8 disassembled, and Figure 10 is a plan view of the roller cutter of Figure 1 seen from the back side.

[0050] The roller cutter RC1 has a roller cutter body 20, a cutter adapter (support member) 30, a cutter saddle (housing) 40, and wedge blocks (fixing members) 50a and 50b (see FIGS. 7 to 10).

[0051] The roller cutter body 20 is a cutter body portion that crushes and cuts rock beds and hard earth and sand, and has a cutting disk 21 and a plurality of superhard tips 22.

[0052] The cutter plate 21 is a base material portion of the roller cutter body 20 and is formed, for example, in the shape of a hollow disk. That is, the cutting edge portion on the radial outer periphery of the cutter plate 21 is formed so that its thickness gradually tapers from the radial center toward the periphery of the cutter plate 21. Also, a through-hole 21h (see FIG. 6) is drilled in the radial center of the cutter plate 21, penetrating between both side surfaces in the thickness direction (rotation axis direction) of the cutter plate 21.

[0053] Here, the roller cutter RC1 has, for example, two cutting disks 21 integrally joined to each other and arranged side by side along the rotation axis direction of the roller cutter body 20. The roller cutter RC2 (see FIG. 2) described above has the same configuration as the roller cutter RC1 except that it has one cutting disk 21. Furthermore, three or more cutting disks 21 may be integrally joined to each other and arranged side by side along the rotation axis direction of the roller cutter body 20.

[0054] The cutting plate 21 is made of, for example, chrome molybdenum steel (SCM440H), which is easily available, has high toughness, and is excellent in mechanical workability. The hardness of the cutting plate 21 is, for example, about HV500. HV is a hardness standard that indicates Vickers hardness. However, the cutting plate 21 is not limited to the above-mentioned materials and can be variously changed.

[0055] In the cutting edge portion of the radial outer periphery of such a cutter disk 21, carbide tips 22 are embedded at predetermined intervals along the radial outer periphery of the cutter disk 21 with their tip surfaces exposed.

[0056] The carbide tip 22 is the blade portion of the roller cutter body 20, and has the function of mainly striking the natural ground to break it up and disturb it. The carbide tip 22 is formed, for example, in a cylindrical shape. This allows the stress applied to the carbide tip 22 during excavation to be distributed almost evenly, thereby improving the strength of the carbide tip 22.

[0057] The material of the cemented carbide tip 22 is, for example, a JIS E5 alloy (JIS E5 alloy) that has a good balance between hardness and fracture strength (i.e., is resistant to wear and breakage), and is made of a cemented carbide alloy in which metal carbide particles such as tungsten carbide (WC), titanium carbide (TiC), or tantalum carbide (TaC) are bound with a binder metal such as cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), or iron (Fe). The hardness of this cemented carbide tip 22 is, for example, about HV940, which is harder than the cutting wheel 21.

[0058] The cutter adapter 30 is a support member that supports the roller cutter body 20 in a rotatable state, and has a rotation shaft portion 31 (see FIG. 6), a bearing portion (bearing portion) 32 (see FIG. 6), and a pair of side plate portions 33a, 33b. Since the roller cutter body 20 is supported in a rotatable state, the roller cutter body 20 rotates due to the reaction force when cutting the natural ground, and the part of the roller cutter body 20 that comes into contact with the cutting face continues to change, making it possible to suppress or prevent wear of only specific parts of the roller cutter body 20.

[0059] The rotating shaft 31 of the cutter adapter 30 is inserted into the through hole 21h of the cutting plate 21. The bearing 32 is a member that supports the rotating shaft 31 in a freely rotatable state, and is installed between the inner periphery of the through hole 21h and the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 31. The pair of side plate portions 33a, 33b are steel plates that cover and protect both side surfaces of the roller cutter body 20 in the rotation axis direction, and are detachably joined to the rotating shaft 31 with bolts 34 (see Figures 6 and 8, etc.).

[0060] The cutter saddle 40 is a member that holds the roller cutter body 20 and the cutter adapter 30 inside, and is formed by a rectangular frame-shaped housing made up of four steel side plates 40a to 40d that surround the roller cutter body 20 and the cutter adapter 30.

[0061] The cutter saddle 40 has openings on its main surface on the face side and on its backside, and the roller cutter body 20 and a portion of the cutter adapter 30 are exposed from each opening. This cutter saddle 40 is welded to the cutter head 2 of the shield tunneling machine 1.

[0062] Here, as shown in Figures 7 to 9, on both side surfaces of the roller cutter body 20 in the rotational axis direction, a pair of gaps GP, GP are formed between both radial side surfaces of the side plate portions 33a, 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and part of the inner surface of the side plate portions 40a, 40c of the cutter saddle 40 that face each of those side surfaces.

[0063] The gaps GP are formed in four places in total, for example, two places on each side surface in the rotation axis direction of the roller cutter body 20. The pair of gaps GP, GP on each side surface extends obliquely so as to gradually separate from the back surface side (front side) of the cutter saddle 40 toward the main surface side (rear side) of the face side.

[0064] Each of the pair of gaps GP, GP is formed so that its width gradually narrows from the front side to the back side. Furthermore, the back end of each gap GP is formed by a part of the inside of the side plates 40a, 40c of the cutter saddle 40, and a female screw hole 40h is drilled in that end.

[0065] The wedge blocks 50a, 50b are fixing members for fixing the cutter adapter 30 to the cutter saddle 40, and are fitted into the gap GP. The wedge blocks 50a, 50a are installed on one side surface of the roller cutter body 20 in the rotational axis direction, and the wedge blocks 50b, 50b are installed on the other side surface of the roller cutter body 20 in the rotational axis direction.

[0066] The wedge blocks 50a and 50b are each wedge-shaped in plan view to match the shape of the gap GP described above, i.e., the width of each wedge block 50a and 50b gradually decreases from one longitudinal end to the other.

[0067] The cutter adapter 30 is fixed to the cutter saddle 40 by fitting such wedge blocks 50a, 50b into the gap GP while they are in close contact with the side plate portions 33a, 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and the opposing side plate portions 40a, 40c of the cutter saddle 40. The further the wedge blocks 50a, 50b are pushed into the gap GP, the more strongly the cutter adapter 30 can be pressed against the cutter saddle 40.

[0068] Furthermore, bolt holes 50h are drilled through the wedge blocks 50a, 50b, penetrating between both end faces in the longitudinal direction. A bolt 51 is inserted into this bolt hole 50h. A male thread is formed on the outer periphery of the tip of the bolt 51. The male thread at the tip of this bolt 51 is screwed into the female threaded hole 40h of the cutter saddle 40. In this way, the cutter adapter 30 is detachably fixed to the cutter saddle 40. As a result, when the roller cutter body 20 wears out, it is possible to remove the roller cutter body 20 together with the cutter adapter 30 from inside the shield machine 1 and replace them, even during excavation work.

[0069] 10, on one side surface in the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter body 20, both side surfaces of the side plate portion 33a of the cutter adapter 30 that face the wedge blocks 50a are inclined so that the width of the side plate portion 33a gradually increases from the outside toward the inside of the roller cutter RC1. Also, one side surface of each of the wedge blocks 50a that faces the side plate portion 33a is inclined so that the width of each of the wedge blocks 50a gradually decreases from the outside toward the inside of the roller cutter RC1 (inclined structure).

[0070] For comparison, Figure 11 is a plan view of a roller cutter studied by the inventors, viewed from the back side. In the roller cutter 100 shown in Figure 11, the above-mentioned inclination is not formed on the opposing surfaces of the side plate portion 102a of the cutter adapter 102 and the wedge block 103 on both side surfaces in the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter body 101 that constitutes the roller cutter 100. In this case, the radial gap (construction margin) of the roller cutter body 101 can be eliminated by firmly tightening the bolts 104 and pushing the wedge block 103 deep into the gap portion 106.

[0071] However, a gap (construction margin) in the direction of the rotation axis of the roller cutter body 101 remains even when the bolts 104 are tightly tightened and the wedge block 103 is pushed deep into the gap 105. This causes the roller cutter body 101 to shift in the direction of the rotation axis during excavation, making the cutting edge of the roller cutter body 101 unstable against the rock face, which can result in problems such as poor crushing of the rock face or damage to the roller cutter body 101.

[0072] 10, by providing the above-mentioned inclination on the opposing surfaces of the side plate 33a of the cutter adapter 30 and the wedge blocks 50a, 50a on one side surface in the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter body 20, the more the bolt 51 is tightened and the wedge blocks 50a, 50a are pushed further back, the more the one side plate 33a of the cutter adapter 30 is pushed inward of the roller cutter RC1 (the center in the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter body 20) by the wedge blocks 50a, 50a. As a result, the cutter adapter 30 and the roller cutter body 20 move from the one side plate 40a side of the cutter saddle 40 to the other side plate 40c side, and the other side plate 33b of the cutter adapter 30 is pressed against the inner surface of the side plate 40c of the cutter saddle 40.

[0073] As a result, the other side plate portion 33b of the cutter adapter 30 is in close contact with the inner surface of the other side plate portion 40c of the cutter saddle 40, eliminating a gap (construction allowance) between the other side plate portion 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and the other side plate portion 40c of the cutter saddle 40. This prevents the roller cutter body 20 constituting the roller cutter RC1 from shifting in the rotation axis direction and stabilizes the cutting edge portion of the roller cutter body 20 against the rock face during excavation, thereby suppressing or preventing problems such as poor crushing of the rock face and damage to the roller cutter body 20.

[0074] In this embodiment, a pair of gaps GP, GP are provided to sandwich each of the side plate portions 33a, 33b of the cutter adapter 30, and wedge blocks 50a, 50b are fitted into each of the gaps, allowing the cutter adapter 30 to be fixed by being sandwiched between the four wedge blocks 50a, 50b. The pair of wedge blocks 50a, 50a can press both sides of the side plate portion 33a of the cutter adapter 30 in the width direction (radial direction) almost evenly from the outside toward the inside of the roller cutter RC1. This allows the cutter adapter 30 to be fixed to the cutter saddle 40 in a stable state.

[0075] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the opposing surfaces of the side plate 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and the wedge blocks 50b are not inclined on the other side surface in the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter body 20. In other words, the widths of the side plate 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and the wedge blocks 50b are the same without gradually changing from the outside to the inside of the roller cutter RC1.

[0076] Here, on both side sides of the roller cutter body 20 in the direction of the rotation axis, the opposing surfaces of the side plate portions 33a, 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and the wedge blocks 50a, 50b may be inclined so that the pair of side plate portions 33a, 33b of the cutter adapter 30 are pressed from both side sides of the roller cutter RC1 toward the center inside.

[0077] However, in this case, since inclined surfaces must be formed on the pair of side plate portions 33a, 33b and the wedge blocks 50a, 50b, the processing is time-consuming. Also, when installing the roller cutter body 20 and the cutter adapter 30 in the cutter saddle 40, adjustments must be made from both side surfaces of the roller cutter body 20 in the rotation axis direction, making the adjustments difficult.

[0078] In contrast, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned inclined structure is provided on only one side surface in the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter body 20, thereby reducing the effort required for processing the side plate portions 33a, 33b and wedge blocks 50a, 50b of the cutter adapter 30. In addition, adjustment of the roller cutter body 20 and cutter adapter 30 during installation can be made easier.

[0079] Furthermore, since the load applied during excavation is large (the load is particularly large when installed on the semi-dome-shaped semi-part), the above-mentioned inclined structure is provided on only one side of the roller cutter body 20 in the rotational axis direction, and when installing the roller cutter RC1 on the cutter head 2 of the shield tunneling machine 1, the roller cutter RC1 is installed so that the roller cutter body 20 and cutter adapter 30 are pressed against the outer periphery of the cutter head 2.This allows the load to be borne by the entire cutter saddle 40, reduces the load applied to the wedge block 50a side, and prevents the bolt 51 from loosening.

[0080] (Second embodiment)

[0081] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the main components of the inside of the tunnel boring machine of this embodiment from the side.

[0082] A cutter head 71 is installed at the tip head of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) 70 in a state in which it can rotate in both forward and reverse directions along the circumferential direction of a machine body 72.

[0083] A plurality of roller cutters RC are installed on the front of the cutter head 71, and during excavation, the roller cutters RC are pressed against the rock face or the like at the excavation face, and the cutter head 71 is rotated to crush the rock face or the like while excavating. The configuration and effect of the roller cutters RC are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0084] Similar to the shield tunneling machine 1 (see FIG. 1), the equipment body 72 of the TBM 70 comprises a front body plate (front body section) 72a, a rear body plate (rear body section) 72b behind it, and a tail seal 72c behind it. However, unlike the shield tunneling machine 1, the TBM 70 has an opening formed in a partition wall 73 between the cutter head 71 and the equipment body 72, and excavated rock and the like are transported rearward through this opening by a belt conveyor 74.

[0085] In addition to the belt conveyor 74 described above, the equipment body 72 of the TBM 70 also includes a cutter driver 75, a front gripper (second fixing means) 76, a main gripper (first fixing means) 77, a thrust jack (extension / contraction means) 78, a shield jack 79, and an erector 80.

[0086] The cutter drivers 75 are hydraulic drive devices for rotationally driving the cutter head 71, and a plurality of them are arranged along the inner periphery of the front body plate 72a.

[0087] The front grippers 76 are devices that secure the TBM 70 in the excavation hole, and multiple front grippers 76 are installed in a row along the inner periphery of the front body plate 72a. The front grippers 76 are installed in a radially extendable state along the equipment main body 72 so that they protrude from the surface of the front body plate 72a when the TBM 70 is secured, and are accommodated inside the front body plate 72a when the TBM 70 is released.

[0088] The main grippers 77 are devices that secure the TBM 70 in the excavation hole, and are installed on both side surfaces of the rear plate 72 b. The main grippers 77 are installed in a state that allows them to extend and retract along the radial direction (left and right lateral directions) of the device main body 72 so that they protrude from the surface of the rear plate 72 b when the TBM 70 is secured, and are accommodated inside the rear plate 72 b when the TBM 70 is released.

[0089] The thrust jack 78 is a propulsion device for moving the TBM 70 forward, and is installed between the front gripper 76 and the main gripper 77 so as to straddle the front body plate 72a and the rear body plate 72b. The thrust jack 78 is installed in a state in which it can extend and retract along the axial direction (front-rear direction) of the device main body 72.

[0090] Similar to the shield tunneling machine 1, the shield jack 79 is a propulsion device for advancing the TBM 70 by receiving a reaction force from the segment SG installed at the rear of the equipment main body 72, and multiple shield jacks 79 are installed in a row along the inner circumference of the rear body plate 72b of the equipment main body 72.

[0091] Similar to the shield tunneling machine 1, the erector 60 is a segment assembly device that grasps the segments SG and installs them around the inner circumference of the excavation hole, and is installed within the rear body plate in a state where it can rotate around the circumference of the excavation hole using a hydraulic motor (not shown) for driving the erector.

[0092] The TBM 70 of this embodiment has two types of forward movement, and the forward movement method can be selected depending on excavation conditions such as the hardness of the rock and the inclination angle of the excavation hole.

[0093] In the first method of advancement, similar to the shield tunneling machine 1, the shield jack 79 is pressed against the segments SG assembled by the TBM 70 and the shield jack 79 is extended to advance.

[0094] In the second method of advancing, with the front gripper 76 housed inside the front body plate 72a of the TBM 70, the main gripper 77 is extended and pressed against the rock face to secure the TBM 70, and then the thrust jacks 78 are extended and the TBM 70 is advanced. Next, when the thrust jacks 78 are fully extended, the front gripper 76 is extended and pressed against the rock face to secure the TBM 70, and then the main gripper 77 is housed inside the rear body plate 72b of the TBM 70 and the thrust jacks 78 are retracted to pull the rear body plate 72b forward. This process is repeated as the TBM 70 advances.

[0095] The invention made by the inventor has been specifically described above based on the embodiments, but the embodiments disclosed in this specification are illustrative in all respects and are not limited to the disclosed technology. In other words, the technical scope of the present invention should not be interpreted restrictively based on the description of the above embodiments, but should be interpreted solely in accordance with the claims, and includes technologies equivalent to the technologies described in the claims and all modifications that do not deviate from the gist of the claims.

[0096] In the above embodiment, a case where a ribbon screw type screw conveyor is used has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this and various modifications are possible. For example, a screw conveyor that combines a ribbon type and a shaft type may be used. [Industrial Applicability]

[0097] The above explanation has been given of the application of the present invention to an earth pressure shield machine, but the present invention is not limited to this and can also be applied to other shield machines, such as an earth pressure shield machine that has a mechanism for stabilizing the face by applying a predetermined pressure to the mud in a chamber and transporting excavated soil by circulating the mud. [Explanation of symbols]

[0098] 1. Shield tunneling machine 2 cutter heads 3. Device body 4 chambers 6 Mixing Wings 7 Bulkhead 8 Cutter driver 20 Roller cutter body 21 Cutter 21h through hole 22 Carbide Tip 30 Cutter adapter 31 Rotating shaft 32 Bearing bearing part 33a,33b Side plate part 40 Cutter Saddle 40a~40d Side plate part 40h female screw hole 50a, 50b wedge block 50h bolt hole 51 volts 70 TBM 71 Cutter Head 72 Device body 73 Bulkhead 74 Conveyor Belt 75 Cutter driver 76 Front Gripper 77 Main gripper 78 Thrust jack 79 Shield Jack 80 Erector C Center cutter RC, RC1, RC2 roller cutter CC Copy Bits ST Scraper Tooth GP gap SG Segment

Claims

1. A roller cutter unit attached to a cutter head provided in a freely rotatable state at the tip end of the device body, A roller cutter body, a support member that supports the roller cutter body in a rotatable state; a housing that surrounds and holds the roller cutter body and the support member in a state where they are exposed from a face on the face side and a back surface on the back side of the face side; a fixing member provided on both side surfaces of the roller cutter body in the rotation axis direction, the fixing member removably fixing the support member to the housing; Equipped with The roller cutter body includes: A hollow disk-shaped cutter; A plurality of carbide tips embedded along the outer periphery of the cutting board; Equipped with The support member is a rotating shaft portion inserted into a hollow portion of the cutter; a bearing portion provided between an inner periphery of the hollow portion and an outer periphery of the rotary shaft portion; a pair of side plate portions joined to both axial ends of the rotary shaft portion and covering both side surfaces of the cutter; Equipped with a gap portion is formed between the side plate portion and the housing on both side surfaces of the roller cutter body in the rotation axis direction, the gap portion extending from the back surface side of the housing toward the cutting face side so as to gradually narrow; the fixing member is formed so that its width gradually narrows from one end to the other end in the longitudinal direction so as to fit the shape of the gap in a plan view, and the fixing member is fitted into the gap to fix the support member to the housing, On one side of the roller cutter body in the direction of the rotation axis, a slope is formed on the surface of the side plate portion that faces and contacts the fixed member so that the width of the side plate portion gradually increases from the outside toward the center of the roller cutter body in the direction of the rotation axis, and a slope is formed on the surface of the fixed member that faces and contacts the side plate portion so that the width of the fixed member gradually decreases from the outside toward the center of the roller cutter body in the direction of the rotation axis, On the other side surface of the roller cutter body in the rotation axis direction, a surface of the side plate portion that faces and contacts the fixed member and a surface of the fixed member that faces and contacts the side plate portion are formed parallel to the rotation axis of the roller cutter body, a side on which the support member provided on the other side of the roller cutter body in the rotational axis direction is pressed against the housing is the outer circumferential side of the cutter head due to an inclination formed on the fixing member provided on one side of the roller cutter body in the rotational axis direction; A roller cutter unit characterized by:

2. A roller cutter unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that a pair of gap portions are provided on both side surfaces of the roller cutter body in the direction of the rotation axis, on both sides of the widthwise center of the side plate portion, and the pair of gap portions are arranged so that they gradually separate from the back surface toward the cutting face.

3. 3. The roller cutter unit according to claim 1, wherein two or more of the cutter disks are joined together and arranged side by side along the rotation axis direction of the roller cutter body.

4. 4. The roller cutter unit according to claim 1, wherein the fixing member is detachably joined to the housing by a bolt.

5. A cutter head for a shield tunneling machine, characterized in that the cutter head is provided with a chamber between a cutter head rotatably mounted on the tip side of the equipment body and a partition wall provided on the tip surface of the equipment body, and the roller cutter unit described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is attached to the cutter head.

6. A cutter head provided in a freely rotatable state at the tip side of the device body; a first fixing means for fixing the device body; a second fixing means provided in front of the first fixing means in the device body and fixing the device body; an expansion / contraction means provided between the first fixing means and the second fixing means in an expandable and contractible state; Equipped with A cutter head for a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that the cutter head of the tunnel boring machine is equipped with a mechanism that advances the equipment main body by repeatedly extending and retracting the extension means when fixed by the first fixing means and when fixed by the second fixing means, and that the roller cutter unit described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is attached to the cutter head.

7. A cutter head for a tunnel boring machine as described in Claim 6, characterized in that the side on which the support member is pressed against the housing due to the inclination formed in the fixing member is the outer periphery of the cutter head.

Images