Individual process judgment system and individual process judgment method

Abstract

To solve the problems of a conventional technique, that is, to provide an individual processing determination system capable of easily and highly accurately determining an individual process as compared with the conventional technique and automatically acquiring a cycle time by calculating a working time of the process, and an individual determination method.SOLUTION: An individual process determination system is a system for selecting one individual process from among a plurality of different individual processes performed in tunnel excavation on the basis of a power supply operation of an electrical apparatus provided in a construction machine. The system comprises trigger signal receiving means and selecting means. The trigger signal receiving means is mounted on the construction machine used in the individual process, and receives a "trigger signal" related to a power supply operation of the electrical apparatus. The selecting means selects the individual process on the basis of the trigger signal received by the trigger signal receiving means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a technology for determining the type of work being carried out during tunnel excavation, and more specifically, to an individual process determination system and individual process determination method that can determine the type of work being carried out based on the power operation of electrical equipment installed on construction machinery. [Background technology]

[0002] It is said that roughly two-thirds of Japan's land area is mountainous, and as a result, roads, railways, etc. (hereinafter referred to as "roads, etc.") almost always have sections that pass through mountainous areas. To build roads, etc. in mountainous areas, it is common to use either the cut-and-soil method, which excavates part of the slope, or the tunneling method, which hollows out the inside of the natural ground. While the tunneling method tends to have a higher construction cost (construction cost per length of road, etc.) than the cut-and-soil method, it also tends to require less excavated soil (i.e., less soil removal) than the cut-and-soil method, and has the advantage of allowing greater freedom in linear planning of roads, etc. (for example, shortcuts can be taken), and it is said that more than 10,000 tunnels have been constructed in Japan to date.

[0003] Until the 1970s, the main construction method for mountain tunnels was the "sheet pile method," which combined steel arch supports with wooden sheet piles to support the natural ground, but now the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM), which actively utilizes the strength of the natural ground, has become the main method. NATM's main feature is its design philosophy, which relies on the strength of the natural ground (arch effect), and as such, it is possible to reduce the scale of tunnel supports compared to the conventional sheet pile method, and also to reduce construction costs by improving construction speed.

[0004] Furthermore, since NATM was first fully implemented in Japan, excavation technology has made great strides, and the development of various auxiliary methods has made it possible to handle a variety of ground conditions. Furthermore, advances in excavation machinery (particularly free-section excavators) have made it possible to choose mechanical excavation in addition to blasting excavation. This mechanical excavation generally involves the use of relatively low strength excavators (for example, uniaxial compressive strength of 49 N / mm2), although this depends on the excavation cross-sectional area and line shape. 2 On the other hand, when the target ground contains bedrock, blasting excavation is often used.

[0005] Here is a brief explanation of the NATM excavation procedure. First, the tunnel face is excavated. In the case of blast excavation, a jumbo drill is used to drill the hole and load explosives (dynamite). After the workers and the jumbo evacuate, the blasting takes place. In the case of mechanical excavation, the tunnel face is cut using a free-profile excavator. The excavation length (one span) per cycle varies depending on the support pattern set according to the strength of the ground, but excavation is generally performed for a span length of 1.0 to 2.0 m. After one span is excavated, unstable ground (loose rocks, etc.) are removed by "kneading," and the debris is removed (debris removal) using a dump truck (or rail method). After debris removal, plasterwork or primary concrete spraying is performed. Steel supports are erected as needed (depending on the support pattern), secondary concrete spraying is performed, and rock bolts are then installed. The primary concrete spraying work, secondary concrete spraying work, and rock bolting work are carried out along the excavated span length, i.e., on the inner surface of the tunnel in the unlined section (the surface extending from the side wall to the top).

[0006] NATM is a construction method that excavates one span (1.0–2.0 m) at a time by repeatedly performing a series of processes (hereafter referred to as "individual processes"), such as rock drilling (e.g., drilling the tunnel face and blasting), shear removal, steel support construction, concrete spraying, and rock bolt installation. The flow of these individual processes is called the "excavation cycle," and the timetable for one excavation cycle is called the "cycle time." Each individual process that makes up the excavation cycle is a critical path. Therefore, understanding the work time required for these individual processes and analyzing the cycle time are crucial for improving the efficiency of tunnel excavation. In other words, analyzing the cycle time allows us to identify unreasonableness and waste in tunnel excavation, which in turn enables appropriate cost and schedule management based on actual results. For this reason, cycle time surveys are conducted at many tunnel excavation sites.

[0007] Previously, when investigating cycle time, that is, when measuring the construction time for each individual process (rock drilling, shear removal, erecting steel shoring, spraying concrete, and placing rock bolts), investigators located near the tunnel face would visually observe the time while measuring it with a stopwatch or the like and record it in a field notebook, etc. This was typically done by construction managers or excavation workers (so-called miners), but this required them to carry out the work while also working on other tasks and works, and there were also cases where data was not collected or was collected incorrectly, which required checking and correction, which was a considerable burden on the labor involved.

[0008] One way to address this issue is to automatically obtain cycle times without stationing investigators at the tunnel face. For example, by attaching IC tags (such as RFID) to heavy machinery and obtaining log information from those IC tags, cycle times can be obtained automatically. However, this method of using IC tags requires the installation of new equipment on the heavy machinery that will actually be in operation, and even if it can be implemented at a model site, applying it to all tunnel excavation sites is not easy in terms of installation costs and maintenance.

[0009] Another possible method for automatically obtaining cycle time is to use images. In other words, by automatically recognizing video and images of the tunnel face, the work status at the tunnel face (by individual process) can be ascertained, and the time required for that work can be determined based on the time of the images. Machine learning such as deep learning can be used to automatically recognize images of the tunnel face, but with the current level of technology, accurate recognition is not possible when there is variation in the position and size of construction machinery and other items within the images, which results in the problem of being unable to accurately obtain cycle time.

[0010] In addition, it is also possible to automatically acquire cycle times based on the operating status of construction machinery used in each individual process. For example, Patent Document 1 does not acquire the cycle time of tunnel excavation, but proposes a technology for understanding the operating history of construction machinery (for example, tire rollers) based on engine rotation speed. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-56938 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0012] The technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 considers a tire roller to be operating when its engine speed exceeds a threshold, and determines the continuous time above this threshold as the tire roller's operating time. In other words, the accuracy of the estimated operating time depends heavily on a preset threshold. In other words, accurate operating time cannot be obtained unless the threshold is set appropriately. Furthermore, when the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is applied to acquiring cycle time in tunnel excavation, different construction machines are used for each individual process, so appropriate thresholds must be set for each construction machine. However, setting appropriate thresholds for multiple types of construction machines is more difficult, and even if thresholds were set based on advance testing, the benefits are unlikely to be worth the effort and cost. Furthermore, it is not uncommon for construction machines used in tunnel excavation to be repeatedly operated and stopped even during operation. Therefore, the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 may disadvantageously separate a single individual process (i.e., two or more individual processes) to determine operating time.

[0013] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems associated with the prior art, that is, to provide an individual process determination system and an individual process determination method that can determine individual processes (types of work) more easily and accurately than the prior art and calculate the working time for each process, thereby enabling the automatic acquisition of cycle time. [Means for solving the problem]

[0014] The present invention was made with a focus on determining the type of work for each individual process based on the power operation of the electrical equipment installed on the construction machine, and is an invention based on an unprecedented idea.

[0015] The individual process determination system of the present invention selects one individual process from multiple different individual processes performed during tunnel excavation based on the power supply operation of electrical equipment installed on the construction machine. The system includes a trigger signal receiving means and a selection means. The trigger signal receiving means is installed on the construction machine used for the individual process and receives a "trigger signal" related to the power supply operation of the electrical equipment. The selection means selects the individual process based on the trigger signal received by the trigger signal receiving means. The trigger signal receiving means receives a "start trigger signal" when a predetermined "specific electrical equipment" installed on the construction machine is powered on, and receives (detects) a "stop trigger signal" when the power supply operation of the specific electrical equipment is released. The selection means then selects an individual process based on the construction machine associated with the trigger signal receiving means that received the trigger signal, and calculates the working time of the individual process based on the time of reception of the start trigger signal and the time of reception of the stop trigger signal. This makes it possible to determine that the individual process selected by the selection means is the individual process currently being performed at the tunnel face.

[0016] The individual process determination system of the present invention may further include a communication device installed inside the tunnel. This communication device transmits the trigger signal received by the trigger signal receiving means to the selection means. In this case, the selection means is installed outside the tunnel and selects an individual process based on the received trigger signal.

[0017] The individual process determination system of the present invention can also select an individual process based on the status of two or more specific electrical devices set on the same construction machine. In this case, the construction machine is equipped with trigger signal receiving means that receives trigger signals from each specific electrical device. In this case, the selection means sets the specific electrical device related to the trigger signal receiving means to an "operating state" from the time the trigger signal receiving means receives a start trigger signal until it receives a stop trigger signal, and sets this specific electrical device to an "idle state" from the time the stop trigger signal is received until it receives a start trigger signal. The selection means then selects an individual process based on a combination of the operating status and idle status of two or more types of specific electrical devices.

[0018] The individual process determination system of the present invention can also calculate the working time by subtracting a "correction time" from the "usage time." This usage time is the time from when the start trigger signal is received to when the stop trigger signal is received, while the correction time includes the time for preparation, travel, etc. that are preset for each individual process.

[0019] The individual process determination system of the present invention may further include a process display control means for displaying the individual processes on a process display means installed at the tunnel entrance, and for displaying the individual process selected by the selection means as the individual process currently being carried out at the tunnel face.

[0020] The individual process judgment system of the present invention may further include equipment control means for adjusting the output of a fan that sends air to an air pipe inside the tunnel and a dust collector installed inside the tunnel to a value that corresponds to the individual process selected by the selection means.

[0021] The individual process determination method of the present invention is a method for selecting an individual process using the individual process determination system of the present invention, and is a method including a trigger signal receiving step and a selection step. In the trigger signal receiving step, trigger signals (start trigger signal and stop trigger signal) of specific electrical equipment are received by trigger signal receiving means mounted on the construction machine. In the selection step, an individual process is selected based on the construction machine associated with the trigger signal receiving means that received the trigger signal, and the working time of the individual process is calculated based on the reception times of the start trigger signal and the stop trigger signal. [Effects of the Invention]

[0022] The individual process determination system and the individual process determination method of the present invention have the following effects. (1) It is possible to obtain cycle times at any time without having to station a cycle time inspector at the tunnel face at all times, even with a two-shift system (day and night). (2) The cycle time can be determined simply by acquiring the ON / OFF signal of the power supply of the electrical equipment. In other words, this can be achieved easily and at low cost without preparing large-scale equipment. (3) Because it is possible to determine the individual processes being carried out, it is possible to adjust the output of each piece of equipment according to the individual process. For example, it is possible to adjust the output of a blower to send the required amount of air for the individual process, or to adjust the output of a dust collector according to the individual process. As a result, it is possible to reduce power consumption and ultimately reduce overall construction costs. (4) By displaying the individual process currently being carried out on the process display means, visitors and other non-parties can be guided, and workers waiting on the outskirts of the tunnel can make appropriate preparations for the next process. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] A model diagram that shows the relationship between individual processes and the machines and specific electrical equipment used. [Figure 2]A model diagram showing examples of the individual processes carried out in tunnel excavation, the machines used in each individual process, and the specific electrical equipment set up for the machines. [Figure 3] 1 is a block diagram showing the main configuration of an individual process judgment system according to the present invention; [Figure 4] A model diagram that shows the relationship between usage time, correction time, and work time. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the main processing flow of the individual process judgment system of the present invention. [Figure 6] (a) is a model diagram that shows the "operating state" and "idle state" of a specific electrical device, and (b) is a model diagram that shows the selection of individual fixation depending on the combination of the operating state and the idle state. [Figure 7] A model diagram that shows how individual processes are selected according to the combination of trigger signals from different machines. [Figure 8] 1 is a flowchart showing main steps of an individual process determination method according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] An embodiment of the individual process determination system and the individual process determination method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0025] 1.Overview The present invention focuses on the fact that different types of construction machinery are used for each "individual process" such as excavating the face, removing debris, erecting steel shoring, spraying concrete, and driving rock bolts, and also focuses on the power supply operation of the electrical equipment installed on these construction machinery. Note that construction machinery may be equipped with multiple types of electrical equipment, and the electrical equipment to be focused on is set in advance. For convenience, the electrical equipment to be focused on will be referred to as "specific electrical equipment," and the construction machinery used for each individual process will be referred to as "machine used."

[0026] FIG. 1 is a model diagram that schematically illustrates the relationship between individual processes, user machines, and specific electrical devices. This diagram shows three individual processes (individual processes 01-03). For example, individual process 01 uses user machine A, and specific electrical device A is set among the electrical devices installed in this user machine A. User machine A is equipped with trigger signal receiving means A that receives a signal (hereinafter referred to as a "trigger signal") when specific electrical device A is powered on. More specifically, trigger signal receiving means A connected to specific electrical device A receives a trigger signal (hereinafter referred to as a "start trigger signal") when specific electrical device A is powered on, and detects when the power on state of specific electrical device A is released, i.e., when the power is switched from ON to OFF. Note that the information detected by the trigger signal receiving means when the power on state of the specific electrical device is released (powered off) is specifically referred to as a "stop trigger signal." For convenience, the detection of this stop trigger signal by the trigger signal receiving means will be referred to as "receiving" the stop trigger signal.

[0027] In individual process 01, one specific electrical device A is set for user machine A, but it is not limited to this and two or more types of specific electrical devices can also be set for one user machine. For example, user machine B is used in individual process 02, and specific electrical devices B1 and B2 are set among the electrical devices provided in user machine B. User machine B is equipped with trigger signal receiving means B1 that receives a trigger signal from specific electrical device B1 and trigger signal receiving means B2 that receives a trigger signal from specific electrical device B2.

[0028] Furthermore, in individual process 01 and individual process 02, one user machine (user machine A or user machine B) is used in one individual process, but two or more types of user machines may be used depending on the type of work in the individual process. In this case, it is advisable to set a specific electrical device for each user machine. For example, in individual process 03, user machine C and user machine D are used, and specific electrical device C is set among the electrical devices installed in user machine C, and specific electrical device D is set among the electrical devices installed in user machine D. User machine C is equipped with trigger signal receiving means C that receives a trigger signal from specific electrical device C, and user machine D is equipped with trigger signal receiving means D that receives a trigger signal from specific electrical device D.

[0029] In this way, one trigger signal receiving means is connected to one specific electrical device. Therefore, if the trigger signal receiving means can be identified, the specific electrical device can be identified, i.e., the machine in which the specific electrical device is installed can be identified, and as a result, the individual process related to the machine can be determined. To identify the trigger signal receiving means, an identifier (ID) that distinguishes it from others can be assigned to the trigger signal receiving means in advance, and the trigger signal can be designed to handle a trigger signal combined with this identifier. The trigger signal receiving means is connected to an electrical cord related to the power supply operation of the specific electrical device, so that it can receive an ON / OFF trigger signal from a relay on the specific electrical device. In this case, since the trigger signal is an analog signal, the trigger signal receiving means converts it to a digital signal (A / D conversion), and at this time, it is preferable to assign the identifier of the trigger signal receiving means to the digital signal.

[0030] As described above, the trigger signal receiving means receives a start trigger signal and a stop trigger signal as trigger signals. Therefore, by using the start trigger signal and the stop trigger signal, it is possible to estimate the operation time of a specific electrical device, that is, the operation time of a machine to which the specific electrical device is attached, and as a result, it is possible to estimate the operation time of an individual process related to the machine (hereinafter referred to as "operation time"). In other words, by using the trigger signal received by the trigger signal receiving means, it is possible to determine the individual process being performed (or has been performed) at the tunnel face, and also to estimate the operation time of that individual process.

[0031] Figure 2 is a model diagram showing examples of individual processes in tunnel excavation, the machines used in each process, and the specific electrical equipment assigned to each machine. In this example, the individual processes consist of a combination of "face excavation," "shredded rock removal," "primary concrete spraying," "steel support erection," "secondary concrete spraying," and "rock bolt installation," forming an excavation cycle performed in the order shown. For face excavation, in the case of mechanical excavation, a "twin header (free-section excavator)" is designated as the machine used, and its "headlight" is designated as the specific electrical equipment. For blasting excavation, a "drill jumbo" is designated as the machine used, and its "hydraulic pump" is designated as the specific electrical equipment. For shredded rock removal, a "side dump" for loading the rock is designated as the machine used, and its "headlight" is designated as the specific electrical equipment. In other words, the machines used and the specific electrical equipment for the face excavation and shredded rock removal shown in this figure are designated in the pattern of "Individual Process 01" shown in Figure 1.

[0032] Furthermore, for the first concrete spraying, steel shoring erection, and second concrete spraying, a "concrete sprayer (with erector)" is designated as the machine to be used, and its "compressor" and "hydraulic pump" are designated as specific electrical equipment. The concrete sprayer's compressor is used when spraying the concrete, while the hydraulic pump is used both when spraying the concrete (moving the boom) and when erecting the steel shoring (moving the erector). In other words, for the first concrete spraying, steel shoring erection, and second concrete spraying shown in this diagram, the machines and specific electrical equipment to be used are designated in the "Individual Process 02" pattern shown in Figure 1. Of course, this example is not limiting; it is also possible to designate only the "compressor" as the specific electrical equipment for the first concrete spraying and second concrete spraying, and only the "hydraulic pump" as the specific electrical equipment for the steel shoring erection.

[0033] Furthermore, in rock bolting, a "jumbo drill" and a "mortar injection pump" are designated as machines to be used, with the "hydraulic pump" for the jumbo drill being designated as a specific electrical device, and the "electric motor" for the mortar injection pump being designated as a specific electrical device. In rock bolting, the jumbo drill is used to drill holes for the rock bolts and insert them, while the mortar injection pump is used to inject mortar into the rock bolt holes. In other words, the rock bolting shown in this diagram has the machines to be used and the specific electrical devices designated in the pattern of "Individual Process 03" shown in Figure 1. Of course, this example is not limiting, and in rock bolting, it is also possible to designate only the "jumbo drill" as a machine to be used, with its "hydraulic pump" designated as a specific electrical device.

[0034] 2. Individual process judgment system Next, the individual process determination system of the present invention will be described in detail. Note that the individual process determination method of the present invention is a method for identifying each individual process using the individual process determination system of the present invention. Therefore, the individual process determination system of the present invention will be described first, and then the individual process determination method of the present invention will be described.

[0035] 3 is a block diagram showing the main configuration of the individual process judgment system 100 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the individual process judgment system 100 of the present invention is configured to include trigger signal receiving means 101 and selection means 102, and can also be configured to include communication equipment 103, process display control means 104, process display means 105, equipment control means 106, correction time storage means 107, etc.

[0036] Of the main elements constituting the individual process judgment system 100, the selection means 102, the process display control means 104, and the equipment control means 106 can be manufactured as dedicated components, or a general-purpose computer device can be used. This computer device is equipped with a processor such as a CPU, memories such as ROM and RAM, input means such as a mouse and keyboard, and a display, and can be configured by a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC such as an iPad (registered trademark), a mobile terminal including a smartphone, or the like.

[0037] Furthermore, the correction time storage means 107 that stores the "correction time" described below can use a storage device of a general-purpose computer or can be built in a database server. When built in a database server, it can be placed on a local network (LAN: Local Area Network) or can be a cloud server that stores data via the Internet (i.e., wireless communication).

[0038] Below, each of the main components of the individual process judgment system 100 will be described in detail.

[0039] (Trigger signal receiving means) As described above, the trigger signal receiving means 101 is mounted on the machine to be used and connected to the specific electrical equipment to receive trigger signals (start trigger signal and stop trigger signal) from the specific electrical equipment. More specifically, by connecting the trigger signal receiving means to an electric cord related to the power supply operation of the specific electrical equipment, the trigger signal receiving means detects the presence or absence of current due to the opening and closing of a relay on the specific electrical equipment side, and thereby receives a trigger signal for turning the power ON / OFF (on / off) on the specific electrical equipment side. The trigger signal receiving means 101 also converts the received analog trigger signal into a digital signal (A / D conversion), and can also temporarily (or non-volatilely) store the digital signal after assigning an identifier of the trigger signal receiving means to the digital signal.

[0040] (Communication equipment) The communication device 103 is installed inside the tunnel and transmits the trigger signal received by the trigger signal receiving means 101 to the selection means 102. It is a so-called access point that uses WiFi (registered trademark) or the like. Therefore, the communication device 103 and the selection means 102 are connected wirelessly (or wired), and the communication device 103 and the trigger signal receiving means 101 are also connected wirelessly (or wired). Therefore, when the communication device 103 is installed, the selection means 102 can receive the trigger signal in real time, and subsequent processing (e.g., selection of individual processes) can also be performed in real time. Note that the communication device 103 can be omitted, but in that case, it is difficult to perform processing such as the selection of individual processes in real time, and the determination will be made after the fact. In other words, installing the communication device 103 makes it possible to grasp the individual processes currently being performed at the tunnel face, but omitting the communication device 103 reduces costs but will only allow for grasping the individual processes after they have been completed.

[0041] (Selection method) The selection means 102 receives a trigger signal, selects an individual process using the received trigger signal, and calculates the work time for that individual process based on the received start trigger signal and stop trigger signal. More specifically, the selection means 102 identifies a specific electrical device using an identifier included in the trigger signal, identifies the machine to which that specific electrical device is attached, and selects an individual process related to that machine from among the multiple individual processes that make up the excavation cycle. The selection means 102 also sets the time when the start trigger signal is received as the start point and the time when the stop trigger signal is received as the end point, and calculates part (or all) of the period from the start point to the end point as the work time for that individual process. The selection means 102 can be installed inside the tunnel, but it is preferable to install it in a relatively well-equipped location such as an administration building or construction site office on the outskirts of the tunnel.

[0042] (Process display control means) The process display control means 104 displays the individual process selected by the selection means 102 on the process display means 105. This process display means 105 is installed near the tunnel entrance and is, for example, an electronic bulletin board that displays the individual process currently being carried out at the tunnel face. Alternatively, it can be configured to display the individual process in progress as well as the previous and subsequent processes. By displaying the individual process in progress, it is possible to guide visitors and other non-parties, thereby improving safety by preventing entry into the tunnel in the case of dangerous construction work. Furthermore, workers waiting outside the tunnel can make appropriate preparations for the subsequent process and efficiently carry out work on the next process. The process display control means 104 is preferably installed in the same location as the selection means 102 (e.g., in the management building or construction site office).

[0043] (Facility control means) The equipment control means 106 adjusts the output of the blowers that send air to the air pipes inside the tunnel and the dust collectors installed inside the tunnel. At the tunnel face, where miners mainly work, the environment (especially the air environment) varies greatly depending on the type of work. For example, the environment is not so bad when erecting steel supports, but on the other hand, when excavating the face or spraying concrete, a lot of dust is generated and the environment becomes poor. In other words, it is desirable to operate the blowers and dust collectors at different strengths depending on the type of work. Therefore, the equipment control means 106 adjusts the output of the blowers and dust collectors according to the individual process selected by the selection means 102. For example, when the selection means 102 selects erection of steel support as an individual process, the equipment control means 106 may operate the blower and dust collector at a relatively low output, and when the selection means 102 selects face excavation or concrete spraying as an individual process, the equipment control means 106 may operate the blower and dust collector at a relatively high output. Note that the equipment control means 106, like the process display control means 104, may be installed in the same location as the selection means 102 (for example, in an administration building or a construction site office).

[0044] (Correction time storage means) As described above, the selection means 102 takes the time when the start trigger signal is received as the start point and the time when the stop trigger signal is received as the end point, and calculates part (or all) of the period from the start point to the end point as the work time for that individual process. However, depending on the individual process, there may be time periods that are inappropriate for the work time of the individual process, such as the time it takes for the machine to move or the time required for various preparations. Therefore, it is advisable to set the "inappropriate time" for each individual process in advance as a "correction time (which can be set as positive or negative)" and store this correction time in the correction time storage means 107. In this case, the selection means 102 calculates the work time taking the correction time into consideration. More specifically, the selection means 102 queries the correction time storage means 107 for the individual process selected by the selection means 102, and reads out the correction time for that individual process from the correction time storage means 107. Then, as shown in Figure 4, the time from when the start trigger signal is received (starting point) to when the stop trigger signal is received (ending point) is defined as the "usage time" of the machine in use, and the "work time" is calculated by subtracting the correction time from this usage time. Of course, a different correction time can be set for each individual process, and it is also possible not to set a correction time for a specific individual process.

[0045] The main processing flow when using the individual process judgment system 100 of the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 5. Figure 5 is a flow diagram showing the main processing flow of the individual process judgment system 100, with the central column showing the processing to be performed, the left column showing input information required for that processing, and the right column showing output information resulting from that processing.

[0046] For example, when a miner turns on the power to the headlights of a twin header (or road header), the trigger signal receiving means 101 receives a start trigger signal (Step 210 in FIG. 5). The selection means 102 can select an individual process at the timing when the start trigger signal is received, but it is preferable to wait for a certain period of time after receiving the start trigger signal to eliminate noise such as operational errors (Step 220 in FIG. 5). Then, when a predetermined certain period of time has elapsed (Yes in Step 230 in FIG. 5), the process proceeds to the next process, and if the certain period of time has not elapsed (No in Step 230 in FIG. 5), the process continues to wait.

[0047] When a certain period of time has elapsed since the start trigger signal was received, the selection means 102 selects an individual process from among the multiple individual processes that make up the excavation cycle based on the trigger signal (start trigger signal) (Step 240 in Figure 5). At this time, it is advisable to make the selection while taking into consideration the individual process selected as the previous process. For example, if a start trigger signal related to the headlights (specific electrical equipment) of a side dump (machine used), the selection means 102 will confirm that face excavation has been selected as the previous process and then select shear removal as an individual process. In the case of the "Individual Process 01" pattern shown in Figure 1, the selection means 102 can identify the specific electrical equipment and the machine used, but in the cases of the "Individual Process 02" and "Individual Process 03" patterns shown in Figure 1, multiple pieces of information can be obtained, allowing for the selection of an individual process using various methods.

[0048] For example, in the pattern of individual process 02, multiple specific electrical devices are set for the machine in use 1, so multiple trigger signals can be used. In this case, it is advisable to select an individual process after determining the "operating state" and "idle state" of each specific electrical device. Figure 6(a) is a model diagram that schematically shows the "operating state" and "idle state" of specific electrical devices, and Figure 6(b) is a model diagram that schematically shows how an individual process is selected depending on the combination of operating and idle states. As shown in this diagram, the period from the time a start trigger signal for the same specific electrical device is received until the time a stop trigger signal is received is considered to be in the "operating state," and the period from the time a stop trigger signal for the same specific electrical device is received until the time the next start trigger signal is received is considered to be in the "idle state." The selection means 102 selects "steel support erection" as an individual process if, for example, the hydraulic pump (specific electrical equipment) of the concrete sprayer (machine in use) is in operation and the hydraulic pump (specific electrical equipment) is idle, and selects "concrete spraying" as an individual process if both the hydraulic pump of the concrete sprayer and the hydraulic pump are in operation.

[0049] In addition, in the Individual Process 03 pattern, multiple machines are assigned to the individual process 1, allowing for the use of multiple trigger signals. In this case, the start and end points of the work time can be determined by the trigger signals of different machines. Figure 7 is a model diagram that schematically illustrates how individual processes are selected based on a combination of trigger signals from different machines. In the case of blast drilling, rock bolting is followed by face excavation. Therefore, it is conceivable that a start trigger signal for the hydraulic pump (specific electrical equipment) of the drill jumbo (the machine in question) is received at the start of rock bolting, followed by a stop trigger signal for the hydraulic pump of the drill jumbo at the end of face excavation. In other words, without receiving a trigger signal that separates the rock bolting and face excavation, the rock bolting and face excavation are considered to be a series of separate processes (in this case, rock bolting is continuous), and the rock bolting and face excavation cannot be appropriately selected.

[0050] Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the selection means 102 uses a trigger signal related to a machine (mortar injection pump) other than the drill jumbo. For example, the selection means 102 determines that "rock bolt driving" has started when it receives a start trigger signal related to the hydraulic pump of the drill jumbo, and determines that "rock bolt driving" has ended and "face excavation" has started when it receives a stop trigger signal related to the mortar injection pump. Then, the selection means 102 determines that "face excavation" has ended when it receives a stop trigger signal related to the hydraulic pump of the drill jumbo. That is, the selection means 102 selects "rock bolt driving" from the time it receives a start trigger signal related to the hydraulic pump of the drill jumbo until it receives a stop trigger signal related to the mortar injection pump, and selects "face excavation" from the time it receives a stop trigger signal related to the mortar injection pump until it receives a stop trigger signal related to the hydraulic pump of the drill jumbo. Here, the trigger signal receiving means 101 receives a start trigger signal related to the mortar injection pump after receiving a start trigger signal related to the hydraulic pump of the drill jumbo, and determines that "rock bolt driving" is continuing at that time. In addition, if it is determined that "face excavation" has started when a stop trigger signal for the mortar injection pump is received, it is possible that the calculated work time will be longer than the actual time. In this case, it is advisable to adjust the work time by subtracting the "correction time" before calculating it.

[0051] When an individual process is selected by the selection means 102, the process display control means 104 displays the individual process on the process display means 105 (Step 250 in Figure 5), and the equipment control means 106 adjusts the output of the blower and dust collector according to the individual process (Step 260 in Figure 5).

[0052] When an individual process in progress is completed and, for example, a miner turns off the power to the headlights of the twin header (or road header), the trigger signal receiving means 101 receives a stop trigger signal (Step 270 in FIG. 5). Then, the selecting means 102 calculates the work time for that individual process, taking the time when the start trigger signal was received as the start point and the time when the stop trigger signal was received as the end point (Step 280 in FIG. 5). As mentioned above, the work time can be found at this time by using the "correction time."

[0053] 3.Individual process judgment method Next, the individual process determination method of the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 8. Note that the individual process determination method of the present invention is a method for determining each individual process using the individual process determination system 100 described up to this point, and therefore, we will avoid any overlapping description with the content described for the individual process determination system 100 and will only describe content specific to the individual process determination method of the present invention. In other words, content not described here is the same as that described in "2. Individual Process Determination System."

[0054] 8 is a flow chart showing the main steps of the individual process determination method of the present invention. As shown in this figure, first, the trigger signal receiving means 101 receives a start-up trigger signal (Step 10 in FIG. 8). For example, when a miner turns on the power to the headlight of a side dump, the trigger signal receiving means 101 receives the start-up trigger signal related to the headlight of the side dump.

[0055] When a start-up trigger signal is received, the selection means 102 selects an individual process according to the trigger signal (start-up trigger signal) (Step 20 in FIG. 8). Then, the process display control means 104 displays the individual process on the process display means 105 (Step 30 in FIG. 8), and the equipment control means 106 adjusts the output of the blower and dust collector according to the individual process (Step 40 in FIG. 8).

[0056] When an individual process in progress is completed and, for example, a miner turns off the power to the headlights of the side dump truck, the trigger signal receiving means 101 receives a stop trigger signal. Then, the selecting means 102 calculates the working time of the individual process, taking the time when the start trigger signal was received as the start point and the time when the stop trigger signal was received as the end point (Step 50 in FIG. 8). [Industrial Applicability]

[0057] The individual process determination system and individual process determination method of the present invention can be used at construction sites where multiple different individual processes, such as tunnel excavation, earthworks, concrete work, etc., are carried out in shifts. The present invention makes it possible to efficiently analyze the cycle time of construction work, which in turn enables appropriate cost management based on performance, and ultimately reduces the costs of construction infrastructure. Considering this, the invention is not only applicable to industry but is also expected to make a significant contribution to society. [Explanation of symbols]

[0058] 100 Individual process judgment system of the present invention 101 (Individual process judgment system) trigger signal receiving means 102 Selection method (of individual process judgment system) 103 Communication equipment (for individual process judgment systems) 104 (Individual process judgment system) process display control means 105 (Individual process judgment system) process display means 106 Equipment control means (of individual process judgment systems) 107 Correction time storage means (of individual process judgment system)

Claims

1. A system for selecting one individual process from a plurality of different individual processes performed in tunnel excavation based on power supply operation of electrical equipment provided on a construction machine, a trigger signal receiving means mounted on the construction machine used in the individual process and configured to receive a trigger signal related to power supply operation of the electrical equipment; a selection means for selecting the individual process based on the trigger signal received by the trigger signal receiving means, the trigger signal receiving means receives a start trigger signal when a predetermined specific electrical device among the electrical devices provided on the construction machine is powered on, and receives a stop trigger signal when the power-on state of the specific electrical device is released, the selection means selects the individual process based on the construction machine associated with the trigger signal receiving means that received the trigger signal, and calculates the working time of the individual process based on the reception time of the start trigger signal and the reception time of the stop trigger signal. An individual process judgment system characterized by:

2. a communication device installed in the tunnel and configured to transmit the trigger signal received by the trigger signal receiving means; the selection means, which is arranged outside the tunnel, receives the trigger signal transmitted from the communication device and selects the individual process; 2. The individual process determination system according to claim 1.

3. Two or more of the specified electrical devices are set in the construction machine, and the trigger signal receiving means for receiving the trigger signals of each of the specified electrical devices is mounted on the construction machine, the selection means sets the specific electrical appliance related to the trigger signal receiving means to an operating state during the period from when the trigger signal receiving means receives the start trigger signal to when the trigger signal receiving means receives the stop trigger signal, and sets the specific electrical appliance related to the trigger signal receiving means to a dormant state during the period from when the trigger signal receiving means receives the stop trigger signal to when the trigger signal receiving means receives the start trigger signal; The selection means selects the individual process based on a combination of the operating status and the idle status of two or more specific electrical devices set in the same construction machine.

3. The individual process determination system according to claim 1 or 2.

4. the selection means determines the usage time from the time when the start trigger signal is received to the time when the stop trigger signal is received, and calculates the operation time by subtracting a correction time for the selected individual process from the usage time; The correction time is set in advance for each of the individual processes.

4. The individual process determination system according to claim 1, wherein the individual process determination system is a process determination system for determining an individual process.

5. The tunnel construction method further includes a process display control means for displaying the individual process currently being carried out on a process display means installed at a tunnel entrance, the process display control means displays the individual process selected by the selection means; 5. The individual process determination system according to claim 1.

6. The tunnel tunnel construction method further includes an equipment control means for adjusting the output of a fan that sends air to an air pipe inside the tunnel and / or a dust collector installed inside the tunnel, the equipment control means adjusts the output of the blower and / or the dust collector in accordance with the individual process selected by the selection means.

6. The individual process determination system according to claim 1.

7. A method for selecting one individual process from a plurality of different individual processes performed in tunnel excavation based on power supply operation of electrical equipment provided in a construction machine, comprising: a trigger signal receiving step of receiving a trigger signal related to power supply operation of the electrical equipment by a trigger signal receiving means mounted on the construction machine used in the individual step; a selection step of selecting the individual process based on the trigger signal received by the trigger signal receiving means, In the trigger signal receiving step, a start trigger signal is received when a predetermined specific electrical device among the electrical devices provided on the construction machine is powered on, and a stop trigger signal is received when the power on of the specific electrical device is released, In the selection step, the individual process is selected based on the construction machine associated with the trigger signal receiving means that received the trigger signal, and a working time for the individual process is calculated based on the reception time of the start trigger signal and the reception time of the stop trigger signal. An individual process determination method.

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