Capacitive foot presence detection device for footwear

Abstract

To provide a footwear platform capable of providing a user with tactile and visual feedbacks.SOLUTION: A foot presence sensor system for an active article of footwear can include a sensor housing configured to be disposed at or in an insole of the article, and a controller circuit, disposed within the sensor housing, configured to trigger one or more automated functions of the footwear based on a foot presence indication. In an example, the sensor system includes a capacitive sensor configured to sense changes in a capacitance signal in response to proximity of a body. A dielectric member can be provided between the capacitive sensor and the body to enhance an output signal from the sensor.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5B

Description

[Background technology]

[0001] A variety of shoe-based sensors have been proposed to monitor various conditions. Sensor shoe for monitoring In Patent Document 1, entitled "The condition of a foot," Brown Brown provides several examples of shoe-based sensors. rown, a foot force sensor that is relatively thin, flat, and flexible. It is stated that the insole may be made from a layer of elastic, dielectric material. The sensor is a conductive interfacial element that can have a varying electrical resistance based on the compressive force applied. A connecting means may be included.

[0002] Brown further states that excessive pressure on parts of the foot can cause ulcer formation. What shoes should people with diabetes or who suffer from various types of foot problems wear if they are prone to The shoe body is equipped with a force sensing resistor (FSR). a switching circuit coupled to the resistor, the switching circuit being configured to have a threshold voltage Activates an alarm unit to warn the wearer that a level has been reached or exceeded It is possible.

[0003] Devices for automatically tightening articles of footwear have previously been proposed. A special issue entitled "Automatic tightening shoe" In Xu Liu 2, Liu describes a shoe having a first fastener attached to the upper part of the shoe and a cleat. a first fastener connected to the closure member for holding the closure member in a fastened state; Liu provides a sawtooth fastener and a second fastener that can be releasably engaged with the fastener. The present application teaches a drive unit that is mounted in the heel of the wheel. a spool rotatably mounted within the housing; and a pair of pull cords. and a motor unit. Each string has a first end connected to a spool and a second end. The motor unit has a second end that corresponds to the eye of the fastener. Liu drives the rotation of a spool within the housing to drive the second fastener. The motor unit is used to wind the drawstring onto the spool to pull the fastener towards the first fastener. Liu teaches that the pull cord can penetrate the The present invention also teaches a guide tube unit that can be used in combination with the above. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent No. 5,929,332 [Patent Document 2] U.S. Patent No. 6,691,433 [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0005] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates an exploded view of components of an active footwear product generally in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 2A] 1 illustrates, in general, a sensor system and a powered lacing engine in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 2B] 1 illustrates, in general, a sensor system and a powered lacing engine in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 2C] 1 illustrates, in general, a sensor system and a powered lacing engine in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 3] 1 illustrates, generally, a block diagram of components of a power lacing system in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 4] 1A and 1B illustrate pressure distribution data for a nominal or average foot (left) and a high-arched foot (right) within a footwear product when a user of the footwear product is standing. [Figure 5A] 1 illustrates, generally, a diagram of a capacitive foot presence sensor within an insole of an article of footwear in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. [Figure 5B] 1 illustrates, generally, a diagram of a capacitive foot presence sensor within an insole of an article of footwear in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates generally a capacitive sensor system for foot presence detection in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 7] 1 illustrates generally a schematic diagram of a first capacitive foot presence sensor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 8] 1 illustrates generally a schematic diagram of a second capacitive foot presence sensor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 9A] 1 illustrates, in general, an example of electrodes for a capacitive foot presence sensor according to an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 9B] 1 illustrates, in general, an example of electrodes for a capacitive foot presence sensor according to an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 9C] 1 illustrates, in general, an example of electrodes for a capacitive foot presence sensor according to an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 10] 1 shows a flow chart illustrating an embodiment using foot presence information from footwear sensors. [Figure 11] 10 shows a flow chart illustrating a second embodiment using foot presence information from footwear sensors. [Figure 12] 12 shows, in general, a chart of first time-varying information from a capacitive foot presence sensor. [Figure 13] 11 shows, in general, a chart of second time-varying information from a capacitive foot presence sensor. [Figure 14] 11 shows, in general, a chart of third time-varying information from a capacitive foot presence sensor. [Figure 15] 11 shows, in general, a chart of fourth time-varying information from a capacitive foot presence sensor. [Figure 16] 10 illustrates, in general, a chart of time-varying information and signal morphology limits from a capacitive foot presence sensor in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. [Figure 17] 1 illustrates an example diagram of a capacitive foot presence sensor generally located within the midsole of an article of footwear, below a dielectric stack. [Figure 18] 10 shows an example including charts generally illustrating the effect of a dielectric filler on a capacitance-indicative signal from a capacitive foot presence sensor. [Figure 19] 10 shows an example of a chart generally illustrating a portion of a capacitive indicative third signal from a capacitive foot presence sensor in footwear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0006] In the drawings, which are not necessarily to scale, like symbols are used in different views. Similar symbols with different subscripts may represent similar components. The drawings generally, by way of example, and not by way of limitation, illustrate different embodiments of the present disclosure. 1 illustrates various embodiments described in.

[0007] The concept of self-tightening shoelaces was first introduced in the 1989 film "Back to the Future." Back to the Future Part II Nik, the fictional electric shoelace tightener worn by Marty McFly Nike (registered trademark) sneakers first popularized the ) was later developed into an electric robot similar in appearance to the prop version from the Back to the Future II film. They have released at least one version of the sneaker with automatic lacing, but the internal mechanism used The cal system and surrounding footwear platform are not necessarily mass-produced or It is not suitable for regular use. In addition, there are many problems, including the following, to name just a few: Previous electric lacing system configurations have been subject to high manufacturing costs, complexity, assembly difficulties, and maintenance issues. However, they have significant problems, such as a lack of power supply and weak or fragile mechanical mechanisms. The inventors have proposed, in particular, motorized and non-motorized systems that solve some or all of the problems listed above. Developing a modular footwear platform to house the lace-up engine The components described below are serviceable components, interchangeable automatic components, and Chemical lace-up engine, robust mechanical design, robust control algorithm, reliable operation , streamlined assembly processes, and customization at the retail level. The various other benefits of the components mentioned below are , will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art.

[0008] In one embodiment, the modular self-lacing footwear platform includes a lace A lacing engine is secured to the midsole of the footwear article. The midsole plate is configured to include a lacing engine. Allows options to be added to the footwear platform as late as the point of purchase midsole plate and modular automated footwear platform Another aspect of the present invention is to allow different types of lacing engines to be used interchangeably. For example, the electric lace-up engine described below replaces the manual lace-up engine. Alternatively, a fully automatic electric leash with foot presence detection or other features could be used. The tightening engine can be housed within a standard midsole plate.

[0009] The automated footwear platform described herein provides end users with tightness control. and visual inspection using LED lighting projected through, for example, a translucent protective outsole material. Includes an outsole actuator interface to provide dynamic feedback The actuator may be a lacing engine or other automatic footwear system. Provides users with tactile and visual feedback to indicate the status of platform components. Feedback can be provided.

[0010] In one embodiment, the footwear platform detects when a foot is present in a shoe. When a foot is detected, the user is, for example, automatically one or more footwear functions or processes without further user input or command. For example, the foot may be placed against the insole and the footwear may be properly fitted. Once this is detected, the control circuitry automatically tightens the laces, collects data, and A collection, footwear diagnostic or other process may be initiated.

[0011] Premature activation or initiation of automatic lacing or footwear tightening mechanisms can result in injury to the user. For example, if your foot hits the insole and doesn't fit perfectly, it can ruin your footwear experience. Once the lacing engine is started, the user can place the rest of the foot into the footwear. It may be difficult to tighten or the user may have to manually adjust the lacing tension. Therefore, the inventors have focused on the problem to be solved, including the toe area, The midsole and heel are properly aligned with the corresponding sections of the insole. Determining whether the foot fits properly or completely in an article of footwear, etc. The inventors further realized that the sensor cost and assembly cost can be reduced. Use as few sensors as possible to minimize device complexity and We recognized that the challenge involved accurately determining foot position or foot orientation using the

[0012] The solution to these problems is to improve the arch and heel area of ​​the footwear. In one embodiment, the sensor measures the change in the near electric field. A capacitive sensor is configured to detect changes in an electric field or capacitance. The foot is moved forward and backward, including when any part of the foot is farther from the sensor than the other part of the foot. This can occur when entering or exiting a garment. In one embodiment, the capacitive sensor detects the tightening of the laces. In one embodiment, the electrostatic capacitance is integrated into or housed within the engine housing. At least a portion of the volumetric sensor is provided outside the laced engine housing and is located inside the housing. One or more conductive interconnects for power or processing circuits nnect).

[0013] Capacitive sensors suitable for use in foot presence detection can have a variety of configurations. The capacitive sensor may include a plate capacitor, for example For example, one plate moves in response to pressure or a change in pressure on one or more of the plates. In one embodiment, the capacitive sensor is configured to move relative to the plate. The insole may be placed on a surface parallel to the top surface of the insole or on the The traces are arranged substantially in a plane that coincides with the top surface. or other materials such as Styrofoam™), Selectively or periodically driven by an AC drive signal provided by an excitation circuit In one embodiment, the electrodes are arranged in an interleaved comb configuration. Such a capacitive sensor can have a capacitance of the electrodes themselves relative to each other. Based on movement and interference of the electric field near the electrodes by the presence or movement of a foot or other object A capacitance signal that varies based on

[0014] In one embodiment, the capacitive sensor need not include any moving parts, making it possible to Capacitive sensors can be more reliable than, for example, mechanical sensors. The electrodes of the sensor may be coated with or covered with a durable, electrically permeable material. and therefore is insensitive to environmental changes, moisture, spills, dirt or other contaminating agents. The electrodes can be protected from direct exposure and people or other materials can come into direct contact with the electrodes of the sensor. There is no touching.

[0015] In one embodiment, the capacitive sensor is configured to provide a signal indicating the magnitude of the capacitance detected by the sensor. or provides an analog output signal indicative of the change in capacitance. The output signal may have a first value (e.g., corresponding to a low capacitance) when the The signal may have a second value (e.g., corresponding to a high capacitance) when the leg is not present. can.

[0016] In one embodiment, the output signal when a foot is present can provide further information. For example, there may be detectable fluctuations in the capacitance signal that correlate with step events. Furthermore, the capacitance signal can be measured by the components of the shoe (insole, footplate, etc.). (such as OrthoTec or other components) both in terms of wear and remaining life or There is detectable long-term drift that can indicate either can be done.

[0017] In one embodiment, the capacitance sensor is configured to measure the amount of capacitance sensed by the sensor. a capacitance-to-digital conversion circuit configured to provide a digital signal indicative of In one embodiment, the capacitive sensor is coupled to a specified threshold. An interrupt or logic signal indicating whether the capacitance condition is met by the sensed capacitance value. In one embodiment, the capacitive sensor includes a processor circuit configured to provide a signal. The sensor measures the capacitance characteristics against a baseline or reference capacitance value and The reference or standard must be sensitive to environmental or other changes that may affect the sensed capacitance value. It can be updated or adjusted accordingly.

[0018] In one embodiment, the capacitive sensor is located in the arch or heel area of ​​the shoe insole. The capacitive sensor can be substantially flat or planar. Capacitive sensors can be rigid or flexible and can be adjusted to conform to the contours of the foot. In some cases, for example, a material having a relatively low dielectric constant or a low relative permittivity may be used. An air gap that can be created between part of the capacitive sensor and the foot when wearing the shoe To fill the gap between the capacitive sensor and the surface of the foot, e.g. For example, gap fillers which may have a relatively high dielectric constant or a dielectric constant greater than that of air. can be provided on top of the capacitive sensor. The gap filler can be compressible or incompressible. In one embodiment, the gap filler provides the sensor with the appropriate sensitivity and To provide underfoot comfort for the user, the dielectric value and suitability for use in footwear must be matched appropriately. The saturation voltage is selected to provide a good compromise.

[0019] The following components are included: the electric lacing engine, foot presence sensor, midsole plate, and platform. Various other components of the automated footwear platform, including Many of the present disclosures describe the use of a foot as a trigger for an electric lacing engine. Although the focus is on presence detection, many aspects of the described configurations are compatible with manual lace-up engines, or or automate other footwear functions such as data collection or physiological monitoring. Suitable for other circuits or features that can interface with the foot presence sensor, such as When used in an "automatic footwear platform," the term "automatic" is used. The term is intended to include only systems that operate without specified user input. Rather, the "Automated Footwear Platform" is designed to or for fastening retention systems or other aspects of active footwear. A variety of electric and manual, automatically activated, and human-activated controls for controlling This may include a mechanism for

[0020] FIG. 1 generally illustrates components of an active footwear product in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. The embodiment of FIG. 1 includes a lace-up engine 110, a lid 120, and an The actuator 130, the midsole plate 140, the midsole 155, and the outsole The sole 165 includes an electric lacing system 100 having a lacing engine 110. The system 100 may include user-replaceable components, one or more may include or be coupled to a plurality of foot presence sensors. In one embodiment, the lacing engine 100 includes or includes a capacitive foot presence sensor. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, a capacitive foot presence sensor (not shown) is coupled to the sensor. The sensor may include a plurality of electrodes arranged on the foot side of the lacing engine 110. In an embodiment, the electrodes of the capacitive foot presence sensor are housed within the lacing engine 110. or may be integral with the housing of the lace-up engine 110; or and located elsewhere near the laced engine 110 and using one or more electrical conductors. It may be connected to power or processing circuitry internal to the lacing engine 110 .

[0021] The assembly of the powered lacing system 100 of the embodiment of FIG. 1 includes a midsole 155 within the midsole. First, fix the sole plate 140. Then, fix the actuator 130 to the outer The other side of the interface button can be embedded in the midsole 165. The lace-up engine 110 can then be inserted into the opening on the outer side of the mill 140. In one embodiment, the lacing engine The sensor 110 may be coupled to one or more sensors located elsewhere in the footwear. Other assembly methods can be performed as well to construct the power lacing system 100. It is possible.

[0022] In one embodiment, the lacing system 100 includes a continuous loop of lacing cable. Insert and align the lacing cable with the spool of the lacing engine 110. To complete the process, the lid 120 is inserted into the fastening means of the midsole plate 140 and placed in the closed position. The lid 120 can be fixed to the lid 120 and can be hooked into a recess in the midsole plate 140. The tightening mechanism can also capture the engine 110 and maintain the alignment of the lacing cables during operation. can be subsidized.

[0023] The midsole plate 140 has a lacing engine cavity 141 and medial and lateral lacing cavities. The lace guide 142, the front flange 143, the rear flange 144, and the upper (top) and and a lower (bottom) surface and an actuator cutout 145. The laced engine cavity 141 is configured to receive the laced engine 110. In this embodiment, the laced engine cavity 141 is configured to connect the laced engine 110 to the outside. and forward / rearward orientation, but locks the lacing engine 110 within the cavity 141. Optionally, the laced engine cavity 141 does not include any features for laced engines. To more securely hold the gin 110 within the lacing engine cavity 141, one or Along the side walls, there may be included detents, tabs or other mechanical features.

[0024] The lace guide 142 guides the lace cable to the correct position for the lace engine 110. The lace guide 142 can help guide the lacing cable. The bolts also have a chamfered edge and a bolt guide to help guide them into the desired position relative to the engine 110. In this embodiment, the lace guide 142 may include a mid-angle and a downwardly sloping surface. The sides of the sole plate 140 have openings many times wider than the diameter of a typical lacing cable. The dimensions include the mouth, but other dimensions may be used.

[0025] In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the midsole plate 140 includes The front flange 143 extends further to the sides. Side flange 143 provides additional support under the arch of the footwear platform. However, in other embodiments, the forward flange 143 is configured to provide an inboard In this embodiment, the rear flange 144 is located on the inner side. The aft flange 144 shown includes a profile with extensions on both the top and outer sides. The laced engine 110 can be provided with high lateral stability.

[0026] In one embodiment, one or more electrodes are embedded in the midsole plate 140. or may be provided as part of a foot presence sensor, such as part of a capacitive foot presence sensor. In one embodiment, the lacing engine 110 may form a midsole. It includes a sensor circuit electrically coupled to one or more electrodes on plate 140 . The sensor circuit uses the electric field or capacitance information sensed from the electrodes to It can be configured to determine whether or not a bar exists in the area adjacent to rate 140. In one embodiment, the electrode extends from the forward-most edge of the forward flange 143 to the rearward flange 144. 144, and in other examples, the electrodes may be located on one or both of the flanges. Only a part of it applies.

[0027] In one embodiment, the footwear or powered lacing system 100 is presence of a foot in the footwear, absence of a foot in the footwear, or positional characteristics of a foot in the footwear The system may include or interface with one or more sensors capable of monitoring or determining Based on information from one or more of the foot presence sensors, the powered lacing system Footwear incorporating stem 100 can be configured to perform a variety of functions. For example, a foot presence sensor may provide a binary response regarding the presence or absence of a foot in the footwear. In one embodiment, the sensor may be coupled to a foot presence sensor to provide foot presence information. The processor circuitry receives and interprets the digital or analog signal information and Provides binary information regarding the presence or absence of a foot in the garment. If the binary signal from the sensor indicates that a foot is present, the powered lacing system 100 Activating the lacing engine 110, for example, to activate the lacing cables or other footwear Automatically increasing or decreasing tension in the restraining means, for example tightening or tightening footwear around the foot. In one embodiment, the lacing engine 110, or the footwear The other part of the product is a processor that can receive or interpret the signals from the foot presence sensor. Includes a sensor circuit.

[0028] In one embodiment, the foot presence sensor detects the position of the foot as it enters the footwear. The power lacing system 100 can be configured to provide information about the For example, the foot may be placed in a position where the foot rests against all or part of the insole of the footwear product. Only when properly positioned or tucked into the garment, e.g., lacing cables It can be activated to tighten the belt. It senses information about the movement or position of the foot. The foot presence sensor may be, for example, a sensor for detecting the presence of a foot in an insole or some other feature of the footwear article. This can provide information on whether the foot is fully or partially seated. The automatic lacing procedure continues until the sensor information indicates that the foot is in the proper position. , may be suspended or delayed.

[0029] In one embodiment, the foot presence sensor detects the relative position of the foot within the footwear. For example, a foot presence sensor may be configured to provide information about the arch of the foot, The relative position of one or more of the toes or other components of the foot (e.g., the configuration of the foot) (with respect to the corresponding part of the footwear which is configured to receive the element) By doing so, you can determine whether the footwear "fits" well for a given foot. In one embodiment, the foot presence sensor can be configured to detect foot movement over time. The specified or specified conditions may change due to loosening of the tightening cable or the natural swelling and contraction of the foot itself. is the change in position of the foot or foot components over time relative to a previously recorded reference position. The device can be configured to detect whether the

[0030] In one embodiment, the foot presence sensor is configured to sense or receive information regarding the presence of a body. electrical, magnetic, thermal, capacitive, pneumatic, optical or Other sensor devices may be included, for example, an electrical sensor having at least two electrodes. an impedance sensor configured to measure an impedance characteristic between the When the body (e.g., foot) is positioned near or adjacent to the electrode, the electrical sensor The sensor signal may provide a sensor signal having a first value, and the sensor signal may be generated when the body is positioned away from the electrodes. When the electrical sensor detects a change in the electrical potential, the electrical sensor can provide a sensor signal having a different second value. For example, a first impedance value can be associated with an empty footwear condition, and A second impedance value less than the reference impedance can be associated with the condition of the footwear during use. do.

[0031] The electrical sensor is a device that combines an AC signal generator circuit with high frequency signal information, including, for example, radio frequency information. and an antenna configured to transmit or receive information. Depending on the proximity of the body to the A number of electrical signal characteristics are received and analyzed to determine if a body is present. In one embodiment, the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) ed signal strength indicator) is a signal strength indicator that indicates the strength of a received radio signal. provides information about the power level of a The change in RSSI can be used to identify the presence or absence of a body. For example, 2.4GHz, 3.6GHz, 4.9GHz, 5GHz and 5.9GHz WiFi frequencies may be used in one or more of the bands. For example, frequencies in the kilohertz range can be used, around 400 kHz. In one embodiment, the change in the power signal is detected in the milliwatt or microwatt range. It is possible.

[0032] The foot presence sensor may include a magnetic sensor. The first magnetic sensor may include a magnet and a magnetic force. In one embodiment, the magnetometer is connected to the lacing engine 110 and The magnet can be worn on the outsole 165. The lacing engine 110 may be located away from the lacing engine 110, such as in a secondary sole or insole configured as follows: In one embodiment, the magnets can be positioned on the foam or other part of the secondary sole. Embedded in a compressible material, the user presses down on the secondary sole, such as when standing or walking. and the corresponding change in the position of the magnet relative to the magnetometer is detected and reported via a sensor signal. It can be done.

[0033] A second magnetic sensor detects changes or obstacles in the magnetic field (e.g., via the Hall effect) The magnetic field sensor may be configured to: The sensor can generate a signal indicative of a change to the ambient magnetic field. The sensor is a Hall effect sensor that changes its voltage output signal in response to variations in the detected magnetic field. The voltage change in the output signal can be, for example, a voltage change perpendicular to the current in the conductor. The magnetic field perpendicular to the current can be due to the product of the voltage difference across the signal conductor and the magnetic field perpendicular to the current.

[0034] In one embodiment, the second magnetic sensor is configured to receive electromagnetic field signals from the body. For example, "Devices, systems and methods for security using magnetic field-based identification" Devices, systems and methods for sec urity using magnetic field based identifi In U.S. Patent No. 8,752,200 entitled "Synthetic Communication," Barshavsky ( Varshavsky et al. propose using the body's unique electromagnetic signature for authentication. In one embodiment, a magnetic sensor within the article of footwear detects electromagnetic The current user is the owner of the shoes via their electromagnetic signature. and complying with one or more of the owner's specified lacing preferences (e.g., tightness). Can be used to authenticate or verify that a product should be automatically laced do.

[0035] In one embodiment, the foot presence sensor detects temperature changes at or near a portion of the footwear. The thermal sensor is configured to detect the temperature change when the wearer's foot enters the article of footwear. When the wearer's own body temperature differs from the ambient temperature of the footwear product, the internal temperature of the product changes. Therefore, the thermal sensor can determine whether a foot is likely to be present or not based on temperature changes. Instructions can be provided.

[0036] In one embodiment, the foot presence sensor is configured to detect a change in capacitance. Includes capacitive sensors. Capacitive sensors can include a single plate or electrode. Alternatively, the capacitive sensor may include a multi-plate or multi-electrode configuration. Various embodiments of capacitive type foot presence sensors are described further herein. .

[0037] In one embodiment, the foot presence sensor includes an optical sensor. The system may be configured to determine whether a line of sight is obstructed, such as between opposing sides of a cavity. In one embodiment, the optical sensor detects the temperature of the foot when the foot is inserted into the footwear. The sensor detects changes in light or brightness conditions. When indicated, an indication of the presence or position of the foot can be provided.

[0038] Any of the various types of foot presence sensors described herein can be used independently. or combine information from two or more different sensors or sensor types. to detect the presence, absence, orientation, fit of the foot in footwear, or other information about the foot. Further information on the foot and / or other information on the relationship between the foot and footwear Information can be provided.

[0039] 2A-2C generally illustrate a sensor system and a method for detecting a temperature and humidity in accordance with some exemplary embodiments. FIG. 2A shows the housing structure 150, case screws 108, and the electric lace-up engine. , lace groove 112 (also called lace guide relief 112), lace groove transition 114, spool recess 115, button opening 122, button 121, button membrane seal 124 , programming header 128, spool 131, and lace groove within spool 131. Various external features of the exemplary lace-up engine 110 are shown, including 132. can be used as well. Other switches, for example, sealed dome switches, Alternatively, the membrane seal 124 may be omitted. In the example, the lacing engine 110 includes a circuit internal to the lacing engine 110 and an external foot presence sensor (or its components), external accessories such as switches or buttons Actuators or other devices or components, such as lacing engines 11 To interface with circuitry external to the device, one or more interconnects or may include electrical contacts.

[0040] The laced engine 110 is secured by one or more screws, such as case screws 108. The case screws 108 are structurally related to the lacing of the engine 110. For added integrity, it can be located near the main drive mechanism. , to hold the housing structure 150 together for ultrasonic welding of the exterior seams, etc. , also function to aid in the assembly process.

[0041] In the embodiment of FIG. 2A, the lacing engine 110 is A lace that receives a lace or lace cable when assembled to the platform The lace groove 112 allows the lace case to be placed against or within it during operation. Channel walls with chamfered edges to provide a smooth guideway along which the cable can move A portion of the smooth guide surface of the lace groove 112 includes a groove transition 114. This can be achieved by widening the lace groove 112 leading to the spool recess 115. The spool recess 115 is formed from the groove transition portion 114 to fit the contour of the spool 131. The spool recess 115 transitions to a generally circular section that fits snugly around the spool. This can help retain the cable and maintain the position of the spool 131. Alternatively, other means for retaining the spool 131 may be provided. The spool 131 has a lacing groove 132 that passes through the flat upper surface and fits onto the spool shaft (see FIG. 2A). It is shaped like half of a yo-yo, with a swivel (not shown) extending downward from the other side. It is being done.

[0042] The outer side of the lacing engine 110 is connected to one or more of the automated footwear platforms. contains a button 121 that can be configured to activate or adjust multiple features. , including a button opening 122. The button 121 is included in the lacing engine 110. An external interface can be provided for activation of various switches. In an embodiment, the housing structure 150 includes a button membrane to provide protection from dirt and water. In this embodiment, the button membrane seal 124 is located within the housing structure 150. From the upper surface of the 2.54 thousandths of an inch (0.254 cm) thick clear plastic (or In another embodiment, the button membrane seal 124 is formed between the button 121 and the button. It is a vinyl adhesive film approximately 2 mils thick that covers the tongue opening 122. Other types of buttons and and sealants can be used as well.

[0043] FIG. 2B is a diagram of a housing structure 150 including a top compartment 102 and a bottom compartment 104 . In this embodiment, the upper section 102 includes case screws 108, lace grooves 112, lace groove transitions, and row portion 114, spool recess 115, button opening 122 and button seal recess 126, etc. In one embodiment, the button seal recess 126 is It is the portion of the upper section 102 that is milled down to provide the inlay.

[0044] In the embodiment of FIG. 2B, the bottom section 104 includes a wireless charger access 105, a seam 10 6, and grease separation wall 109. Although not specifically mentioned, Case screw base for receiving screw 108, and a grip for holding part of the drive mechanism. Also depicted are various features within the grease isolation wall 109. The grease isolation wall 109 is Away from the various electrical components of the Engine 110, surrounding the drive mechanism and or a similar compound.

[0045] The housing structure 150 may include a structure in one or both of the top and bottom sections 102, 104. one or more electrodes 170 embedded in or applied to the surface of the structure. The electrode 170 in the embodiment of FIG. 2B is shown coupled to the bottom section 104. In one embodiment, the electrodes 170 comprise part of a capacitive foot presence sensor circuit ( (See, e.g., foot presence sensor 310 described herein). Additionally or alternatively, electrodes 17 0 can be connected to the top section 102. Connected to the top section 102 or the bottom section 104 The electrodes 170 are used for wireless power transfer and as part of the capacitive foot presence sensor circuitry. or as part of a capacitive foot presence sensor circuit for wireless power transfer In one embodiment, the electrode 170 is attached to the housing structure 15 In another embodiment, the electrode 170 may include one or more portions disposed on the outer surface of the It includes one or more portions disposed on the interior surface of the housing structure 150 .

[0046] FIG. 2C illustrates various internal components of lacing engine 110 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. In this embodiment, the lacing engine 110 is a spool magnet. et) 136, O-ring seal 138, worm drive 140, bushing 1 41, worm drive key, gearbox 148, gear motor 14 5, motor encoder 146, motor circuit board 147, worm gear 151, circuit board 1 60, a motor header 161, a battery connection 162, and a wired charging header 163. The spool magnet 136 is detected by a magnetometer (not shown in FIG. 2C). The O-ring seal 138 helps track the movement of the spool 131. This acts to seal out dust and moisture that may otherwise enter the engine 110. 160 may be one or more foot presence sensors, such as the capacitive foot presence sensor 310 described below. may include multiple interfaces or interconnects. The circuit board 160 includes one or more traces or electrodes that provide a portion of the foot presence sensor 310. includes a conductive surface.

[0047] In this embodiment, the main drive components of the lacing engine 110 are worm-driven Includes a drive 140, a worm gear 151, a gear motor 145 and a gearbox 148 The worm gear 151 prevents the worm drive 140 and gear motor 145 from back-driving. The main lacing cable is connected to the spool 131. This means that the input force can be separated between the relatively large worm gear and the worm drive teeth. This arrangement is designed to withstand the dynamic loads from active use of the footwear platform. or clamping loads from the tightening of the lacing system. The gearbox 148 must contain a power-carrying gear. to help protect various vulnerable parts of the drive system, such as the worm drive key In this embodiment, the worm drive key is The motor end of the worm drive 140 interfaces with a pin that runs through the exiting drive shaft. This arrangement allows the worm drive 140 (gearbox 148) and transfers that axial load to the bushing. By transferring the worm drive 140 to the gear 141 and housing structure 150, This prevents the application of undue axial force to the airbox 148 or gear motor 145.

[0048] FIG. 3 generally illustrates the components of a powered lacing system 300 according to an exemplary embodiment. The system 300 includes an interface button 301, a capacitive touch panel, and a block diagram of the system components. a foot presence sensor 310, a processor circuit 320, a battery 321, and a charging coil 322, an encoder 325, a motion sensor 324, and a drive mechanism 340. A housing that contains a printed circuit board assembly (PCA) The present invention includes several components of an electric lacing system, such as a lacing structure 150. The drive mechanism 340 includes, among other things, a motor 341, a transmission 342, and a drawstring spool 343. The motion sensor 324 , in particular, the housing structure 150 or in the housing structure 150 or the housing structure 1 50 configured to detect motion of one or more components connected to it Single or multiple axis accelerometers, magnetometers, gyrometers or other sensors or may include a device.

[0049] In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the processor circuit 320 controls the interface button 301, the foot rest, and the one of the presence sensor 310, the battery 321, the charging coil 322, and the drive mechanism 340 or more than one. A rotor 341 is coupled to a spool 343 to form a drive mechanism 340. In the embodiment of FIG. The button 301, foot presence sensor 310 and environmental sensor 350 are located in the housing structure 150. Shown outside or partly outside.

[0050] In an alternative embodiment, the button 301, the foot presence sensor 310, and the environmental sensor 350 One or more of these may be housed in a housing structure 150. The foot presence sensor 310 is disposed inside the housing structure 150 to expose the sensor to sweat and other Protect from dirt or debris. Minimize connections through the walls of the housing structure 150. The elimination or removal can help improve the durability and reliability of the assembly.

[0051] In one embodiment, the processor circuit 320 determines one or more aspects of the drive mechanism 340. For example, the processor circuit 320 may control the input from the button 301 and / or the foot. receiving information from the presence sensor 310 and / or from the motion sensor 324; In response, the drive mechanism 3 tightens or loosens the footwear on the foot. 40. In one embodiment, the processor circuit 320 may additionally or alternatively include a foot presence sensor 310 or other sensors, among other functions. The sensor is configured to output instructions for acquiring or recording sensor information from the sensor. In an embodiment, the processor circuit 320 detects the presence of a foot using the foot presence sensor 310. , detecting foot orientation or position using a foot presence sensor 310, or a motion sensor 324, and detecting a specified gesture using a driving mechanism 340. Conditions the behavior of

[0052] In one embodiment, the system 300 includes an environmental sensor 350. This information is used to update or adjust the baseline or reference value of the foot presence sensor 310. As will be explained in more detail below, the capacitive foot presence sensor measures The capacitance value can change over time, for example, in response to atmospheric conditions near the sensor. To this end, information from the environmental sensor 350 is used to control the processor circuit 320 and the foot presence sensor 350. The sensor 310 and / or the sensor 310 may be configured to update or adjust the measured or sensed capacitance value. It can be configured as follows.

[0053] FIG. 4 illustrates a footwear article 400 when a user of the footwear article is standing. Pressure distribution data for the nominal or average foot (left), and high arch (h FIG. 1 shows pressure distribution data for the right arch foot. Relatively larger areas of pressure under the heel region 401, ball of the foot region 402 (e.g., arch and toes), and thenar region 403 (e.g., "thumb" region). However, as mentioned above, there are cases where the pain is concentrated in a centralized area, such as in or near the arch area (e.g., the foot surviving It may be advantageous to include various active components (including a presence sensor 310) In one embodiment, in the arch region, housing structure 150 is Footwear products containing 50 are generally less noticeable to the user when worn. or can be made less obtrusive.

[0054] In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the lacing engine cavity 141 may be located in the arch area. One or more electrodes corresponding to the foot presence sensor 310 are located at the first location 405 or Measurements can be made using electrodes positioned at first location 405. The capacitance value determined may vary depending on the proximity of the foot to the first location 405. For example, the distance of the surface of the foot itself from the first position 405 differs between an average foot and a high-arched foot. In one embodiment, different capacitance values ​​may be obtained, e.g. To accommodate different foot characteristics of users and the characteristics of the signal obtained from the foot presence sensor 310, To enhance the functionality, the foot presence sensor 310 and / or the lacing engine 110 may be The location of the footwear (e.g., by the user or by a technician at the point of sale) In one embodiment, the sensitivity of the foot presence sensor 310 can be adjusted based on, for example, the driving force. By increasing the active signal level or by using a sensor positioned between the foot presence sensor 310 and the foot. This can be adjusted by varying the dielectric material used.

[0055] 5A and 5B generally illustrate an illustration of an article of footwear, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. A diagram of a capacitive foot presence sensor in the console is shown. When the product is worn, it is located below the surface of the object or body 550 (e.g., the foot). It is possible.

[0056] In FIG. 5A, the capacitive foot presence sensor is connected to a capacitive sensing controller circuit 502. In one embodiment, the first electrode assembly 501A may include a The controller circuit 502 may be included in the functions performed by the processor circuit 320 or In the embodiment of FIG. 5A, the first electrode assembly 501A and the Both or either of the controller circuits 502 may be contained within the housing structure 150. may be attached to the housing structure 150 or may be internal to the housing structure 150 In one embodiment, the first electrode assembly 501A can be coupled to a PCA of The housing structure 150 may be disposed on or adjacent to the foot side of the housing structure 150. In the illustrated embodiment, the first electrode assembly 501A is located on the interior top surface area of ​​the housing structure 150. It includes multiple traces distributed over a

[0057] In FIG. 5B, the capacitive foot presence sensor is connected to a capacitive sensing controller circuit 502. The second electrode assembly 501B may include a second electrode assembly 501B. The flexible connector may be mounted on or near the exterior of the housing structure 150. 511, or the like, to the PCA inside the housing structure 150. In one embodiment, the second electrode assembly 501B can be mounted in a housing structure 150. In one embodiment, The second electrode assembly 501B is secured to an inner or outer surface of the housing structure 150, It includes a flexible circuit that is coupled to the processor circuitry 320 via one or more conductors.

[0058] In one embodiment, the controller circuit 502 is an Atmel ATSA ML21E18B-MU, STMicroelectronics tronics STM32L476M, or other similar devices. The controller circuit 502, as will be explained in more detail below, inter alia, controls the first electrode assembly 501. A or second electrode assembly 501B provides an AC drive signal to at least one pair of electrodes. , and in response, based on a corresponding change in the proximity of the object or body 550 to the pair of electrodes. In one embodiment, the controller can be configured to detect changes in the electric field. The controller circuit 502 includes or uses the foot presence sensor 310 or the processor circuit 320. do.

[0059] Various materials may be placed between the electrode assembly 501 and the object or body 550 to be sensed. For example, electrode insulation, the material of the housing structure 150, the insole, Materials for inserts 510, socks or other foot coverings, body tape, kinesio 501. Place a piece of tape or other material between the body 550 and the electrode assembly 501. , for example, by changing the dielectric properties of the footwear, thereby The capacitance detection sensitivity of the included or used sensor can be affected. The sensor circuit 502 may be configured to, for example, determine the sensitivity or capacitance of the capacitance value sensed using the electrode assembly 501. or to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, excitation or can be configured to update or adjust the sensing parameters.

[0060] In the embodiment of FIGS. 5A / 5B, first electrode assembly 501A and second electrode assembly 501B can be excited by a signal generator in the controller circuit 502. As a result, the electric field can be emitted from the foot side of the upper end of the electrode assembly. In this case, the electric field under the electrode assembly is generated by a drive located under the sensing electrode. This can be at least partially blocked using a driven shield. The driven shield and the electrode assembly may be electrically isolated from each other. For example, if the first electrode assembly 501A is on one surface of the PCA, the driven shield on the bottom layer of the PCA or on one of the multiple inner layers of a multi-layer PCA In one embodiment, the driven shield is connected to the first electrode assembly 501. A surface area of ​​the first electrode assembly 501 can be equal to or greater than A. The driven shield receives the drive signal and In response to this, the same polarity and position of the X-axis side of the field generated by the first electrode assembly 501A is The field of the driven shield can be generated by the first The electric field of the electrode assembly 501A can be repelled, thereby causing the sensor field to be Isolates from various parasitic effects, such as unwanted coupling of A to the ground plane. may similarly be provided for use with second electrode assembly 501B. For example, the second electrode assembly 501B may be mounted in a housing structure 15 as shown in FIG. 0, and a portion of the housing structure 150 can be used as a driven shield. Additionally or alternatively, a driven shield may be included. If the second electrode assembly 501B is provided at a location other than on the housing structure 150, The invention may be applied to other locations on the footwear article.

[0061] A preferred location for placing the housing structure 150 is in the arch area of ​​the footwear. This is because the arch area is an area where the wearer is less sensitive and does not cause discomfort to the wearer. This is because it is difficult to detect the presence of a foot in the footwear. One advantage of using capacitive sensing is that the capacitive sensor is placed in the arch area and detects the user's Capacitive sensors must function well even with relatively or very high arches For example, the amplitude or morphological characteristics of the sensor drive signal may be The signal to noise ratio of the signal received from the sensor may be varied or selected based on the detected signal to noise ratio. In one embodiment, the sensor drive signal can be applied to the first electrode assembly 501A, or one or more materials disposed between the second electrode assembly 501B and the body 550 Each time the footwear is used, it is updated to accommodate changes in the footwear (e.g. socks, insoles, etc.). Can be new or adjusted.

[0062] In one embodiment, the first electrode assembly 501A or the second electrode assembly 501B For example, the electrode assembly of a capacitive sensor may have multiple electrodes, such as between X-axis oriented electrodes and Y-axis oriented electrodes. The device may be configured to detect the difference in signal between a number of electrodes. A suitable sampling frequency can be between about 2 and 50 Hz. In the , capacitive foot sensing technology detects sweat (moisture) on the insole around the foot or in the sock. The presence of moisture can increase the measured capacitance. The effect of moisture may reduce the dynamic detection range. In some embodiments, the dynamic range is set to accommodate this effect within the expected moisture levels within the footwear. It is sufficient to respond.

[0063] FIG. 6 generally illustrates a capacitive sensor system for foot presence detection in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. The system 600 is shown attached to a body 550 (e.g., an active footwear 602) and a first electrode 601 and a second electrode 602. Electrodes 601 and 602 comprise part of foot presence sensor 310, as shown in FIGS. 5A / 5B. In the embodiment, the first electrode assembly 501A or the second electrode assembly 501B is entirely or In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the first electrode 601 and the second electrode 6 Although the electrodes 502 are depicted as being vertically spaced apart from each other and from the body 550, The poles may be similarly horizontally spaced apart, for example, as detailed in the embodiment of Figures 7-9C. That is, in one embodiment, the electrodes are arranged in a plane parallel to the underside of the body 550. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the first electrode 601 is configured as a transmitting electrode. , coupled to signal generator 610. In one embodiment, signal generator 610 is the The processor circuit 320 includes a part of the processor circuit 320 of the embodiment. The first electrode 601 may be configured to generate and apply an actuating signal to the first electrode 601 .

[0064] As a result of exciting the first electrode 601 with a drive signal from the signal generator 610, An electric field 615 can be generated mainly between the first electrode 601 and the second electrode 602. That is, various components of the generated electric field 615 are and other fringe components of the generated electric field 615 are , can extend in other directions. For example, the fringe components can be transmitted from the transmitting electrode or the first electrode 6 01 extends away from the housing structure 150 (not shown in the embodiment of FIG. 6) and Or it can terminate back at the second electrode 602.

[0065] Information about the electric field 615, including information about how the electric field 615 changes with the proximity of a body 550 The information can be sensed or received by the second electrode 602. The signal is processed using various circuits to generate an analog or digital signal that indicates the presence or absence of a body 550. can be used to provide a signal.

[0066] For example, the field strength of the electric field 615 received by the second electrode 602 may be represented by an analog capacitance indicator signal. a sigma-delta analog-to-digital conversion circuit configured to convert a signal into a digital signal. Uses analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 620 The electric field 615 of an object such as a body 550, including its fringe components, can be measured. When a body 550 enters the field, the electrical environment near the electrode changes. 5 is shunted to ground instead of being received and terminated at the second electrode 602, or The radiation passes through the body 550 (e.g., instead of through air) before being received by the second electrode 602. As a result, the foot presence sensor 310 and / or processor circuit 320 detect This can produce a change in capacitance that can be controlled.

[0067] In one embodiment, the second electrode 602 is capable of receiving substantially continuous electric field information. The information can be sampled continuously or periodically by the ADC620. The information from the ADC 620 can be processed or updated according to the offset 621. and may provide a digital output signal 622. Set 621 is a specified or programmable capacitance offset. (e.g., internal to the processor circuitry 320) or due to environmental changes over time, temperature, and It can be based on another capacitor that is used to track other variable characteristics of the environment.

[0068] In one embodiment, the digital output signal 622 may be, for example, a digital signal representing the measured capacitance value. By comparing with a threshold value, binary information regarding the presence or absence of a body 550 is included. In one embodiment, the digital output signal 622 is related to the measured capacitance. 550 includes qualitative information related to the presence or absence of a body 550, for example, providing an indication of the likelihood that the body 550 is present or absent. The signal can be used (eg, by the processor circuitry 320) to

[0069] periodically, or (e.g., as determined using information from the motion sensor 324) Whenever the foot presence sensor 310 is inactive, the capacitance value is measured and used as a reference. The foot or body can be stored as a foot presence sensor, a baseline sensor, or an ambient sensor. When the sensor 310 and the first and second electrodes 601 and 602 are approached, the measured capacitance The amount can be increased or decreased, for example, relative to a stored reference value. One or more threshold capacitance levels may be set, for example, by the processor circuit 320 using an internal resistor. If the measured capacitance value exceeds a specified threshold, the body 50 determines the presence (or absence) of footwear including foot presence sensor 310 It is possible.

[0070] Foot presence sensor 310 and electrodes 601 and 602 comprising part of foot presence sensor 310 O2 can take several different forms, as shown in some of the non-limiting examples below. In one embodiment, the foot presence sensor 310 may include a plurality of electrodes or plates. The sensor is configured to sense or use information about the mutual capacitance of the sensor.

[0071] In one embodiment, the electrodes 601 and 602 are arranged in an electrode grid. A capacitive sensor uses a variable capacitor at each intersection of each row and column of the grid. Optionally, the electrode grid is arranged in one or more rows or columns. Voltage signals can be applied to rows or columns, and the body or The legs can influence the local electric field and further reduce the effect of mutual capacitance In one embodiment, the capacitance change at multiple points on the grid is measured. By measuring the voltage on each axis, for example, the position of the body can be determined. In one embodiment, mutual capacitance measurement techniques collect information from multiple locations around the grid. can be provided simultaneously.

[0072] In one embodiment, mutual capacitance measurements are performed using an orthogonal grid of transmitting and receiving electrodes. In such a grid-based sensor system, the location of multiple individual XY coordinate pairs is In one embodiment, a measurement value can be obtained from a plurality of capacitors. Using the capacitance information from the sensor to determine the presence or orientation of a foot within the footwear. In another embodiment, capacitance information from one or more capacitors can be recorded over time. The signals can be acquired and analyzed to determine the presence or orientation of a foot. The rate of change information for the X and / or Y detection coordinates is used to determine whether the foot is floating. When the foot is properly or completely seated in the insole of the Determine whether the footwear is properly or completely seated in the insole It is possible.

[0073] In one embodiment, the self-capacitance foot presence sensor is the same as the mutual capacitance sensor, X- You can have a Y grid, but the columns and rows can operate independently. Capacitive sensors allow for independent detection of the body's capacitive load in each column or row. This can be done.

[0074] FIG. 7 generally illustrates a schematic diagram of a first capacitive foot presence sensor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the first capacitive sensor 700 comprises a plurality of parallel capacitive The plurality of plates may include, for example, a foot including the first capacitive sensor 700. Positioned on or near the underside of the foot when the garment is worn The housing structure 150 may be disposed on or within the housing structure 150. In the example, the capacitive foot presence sensor 310 includes a first capacitive sensor 700. Or use it.

[0075] In the embodiment of FIG. 7, four conductive capacitor plates are shown as 701-704. The plate may be made of a conductive material such as conductive foil. The foil can be flexible and can optionally be made to fit the housing structure 150 itself. It can be embedded in the plastic of the body or can be separate from the housing structure 150. Any conductive material can be used, such as film, ink, deposited metal, or other materials. It should be understood that in the embodiment of FIG. 7, plates 701-704 are arranged in a common plane and spaced apart to form individual conductive elements or electrodes. do.

[0076] The capacitance value of a capacitor depends on the dielectric constant of the material between the two plates that form the capacitor. The first capacitive sensor 700 includes two or more capacitor plates. A capacitor can be formed between each pair of ports 701 to 704. Capacitor plates 7, as shown in Figure 7, are A, B, C, D, E and F. There are six effective capacitors formed by six unique combination pairs from 01 to 704. Optionally, two or more of the plates are electrically connected to form a single plate. That is, in one embodiment, the first conductor may be electrically coupled to provide If the first capacitor plate 701 and the second capacitor plate 702 are connected to each other, and a third capacitor plate 703 electrically coupled to provide a second conductor. and a fourth capacitor plate 704 can be used to form a capacitor .

[0077] In one embodiment, the first capacitor plate 701 and the second capacitor plate 70 The capacitance effect between the two is shown in Figure 7 by a virtual capacitor identified by the letter A. between the first capacitor plate 701 and the third capacitor plate 703. The capacitance effect is represented by a virtual capacitor identified by the letter B. The capacitance effect between the second and fourth capacitor plates 702 and 704 is Each capacitor is represented by a virtual capacitor identified by the letter C, and so on. Understand that a virtual capacitor represents the electrostatic field extending between each pair of capacitor plates For ease of identification, the capacitors formed by each pair of capacitive plates are referred to below. The capacitor is identified by the letter used to identify the hypothetical capacitor in Figure 7 (e.g., "A" , "B", etc.

[0078] For each pair of capacitor plates in the embodiment of FIG. 7, the effective dielectric between the plates is Each pair of capacitor plates includes an air gap (or other material) disposed between them. For each pair of capacitive plates, any part of the body or foot that is close to the capacitive plate of the given pair It can be part of or affect the effective dielectric of the capacitive plate. That is, the capacitors of each pair can be arranged according to the proximity of the body to the plates of each pair. A variable dielectric can be provided between the support plates. For example, the body or legs can be The closer to the plate, the greater the value of the effective dielectric. This change in capacitance is detected by the processor circuit 320. is received to determine whether a body is present at or near the first capacitive sensor 700. Used to indicate

[0079] In an embodiment of the foot presence sensor 310 including the first capacitive sensor 700, a plurality of capacitive sensors Capacitive sensor drive / monitoring circuitry can be coupled to plates 701-704. For example, individual drive / monitor circuits are associated with each pair of capacitor plates in the embodiment of FIG. In one embodiment, the drive / monitor circuitry may generate a drive signal (e.g., a time-varying electrical excitation signal) can be provided to the capacitor plate pair, and in response, a capacitance indication value can be Each driver / monitor circuit can receive the associated capacitor (e.g., The capacitor "A" corresponds to the first plate 701 and the second plate 702. The capacitance value may be configured to measure the capacitance value and provide a signal indicative of the measured capacitance value. The drive / monitor circuitry may further be configured to: In one embodiment, two or more drive / monitor circuits may be used. When used together, they are used to indicate the difference between capacitance values ​​measured using different capacitors, for example. The guidance can be provided.

[0080] FIG. 8 generally illustrates a schematic diagram of a second capacitive foot presence sensor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. The embodiment of FIG. 8 includes a second capacitive sensor including a first electrode 801 and a second electrode 802. The foot presence sensor 310 may include a second capacitive sensor 800. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the first electrode 801 and the second electrode 80 2 are arranged along a substantially flat surface, such as in a comb-like configuration. A driving circuit such as the processor circuit 320 controls the voltage applied to the first electrode 801 and the second electrode 802. The device may be configured to generate an excitation or stimulus signal for The same or a different circuit can be used to measure the capacitance between the first electrode 801 and the second electrode 802. The capacitance of the electrode can be detected by detecting a response signal indicative of the change. It can be affected by the presence of a body or foot. For example, the first electrode 801 and the second electrode 802 The housing structure 150 may be located near the foot when the foot is present in footwear that includes the housing structure 150. The housing structure 150 may be disposed on or near the surface thereof.

[0081] In one embodiment, the second capacitive sensor 800 may be formed, for example, by a pattern of electrodes. In addition, or alternatively, a second electrostatic The electrodes of the capacitive sensor 800 may be arranged, for example, using vertical lines or tracks forming a grid. , can be provided by etching multiple individual parallel layers of conductive material. This and other capacitive sensors use a conductive layer or Direct contact with the electrodes is not required. For example, the conductive layer or electrodes may be attached to the housing structure 15. 0, or the conductive layer or electrode may be coated with a protective or insulating layer. Alternatively, the body or foot to be detected can be measured by the electric field characteristics near the electrodes. can take or affect the surface and detect changes in the electric field It is possible.

[0082] In one embodiment, the first electrode 801 is connected to a ground or reference, and the ground is also connected to a Alternatively, individual capacitance values ​​can be measured for the second electrode 802 relative to a reference. The signals for use in foot presence detection are It can be based on the difference between the individual capacitance values ​​measured, i.e., the presence or absence of a foot. The detection signal is a discrete capacitance measured using the first electrode 801 and the second electrode 802. It can be based on the difference between the signals.

[0083] 9A and 9B generally illustrate a third capacitive sensor 9 according to some embodiments. 9C generally illustrates an embodiment of a fourth capacitive sensor 902. FIG. 9A shows a schematic top view of a third capacitive sensor 900. FIG. 9B shows a schematic top view of the third capacitive sensor 900. FIG. 9C shows a perspective view of a sensor assembly 901 including a capacitive sensor 900. A schematic top view of a capacitive sensor 902 is shown.

[0084] In the example of FIG. 9A, the third capacitive sensor 900 includes a first electrode trace 911 and a second electrode trace 912. The electrode region includes a first electrode trace 911 and a second electrode trace 912. The traces 912 are separated by insulator traces 913. In one embodiment, The first electrode trace 911 and the second electrode trace 912 may be made of, among other conductive materials: Can be copper, carbon or silver, FR4, flex, PE, among other materials The third capacitive sensor 90 may be disposed on a substrate made of ITO or ITO. The substrate and traces of the 0 may include one or more flexible portions.

[0085] The first electrode trace 911 and the second electrode trace 912 are essentially a third capacitive The electrode traces can be distributed across the entire surface area of ​​the substrate of the sensor 900. 3 When the capacitive sensor 900 is installed, it is located on the upper side or top surface of the housing structure 150. In one embodiment, the first electrode trace 911 and the second electrode trace One or both of the electrode traces 912 may be approximately 2 mm wide. The traces 913 can be approximately the same width. In one embodiment, the width of the traces is: In particular, the selection can be based on the size of the footwear or the type of insole. For example, a first electrode trace 911 and a second electrode trace 912 and an insulator trace 91 3 and / or 4, measured using, for example, a third capacitive sensor 900. To maximize the signal-to-noise ratio of the capacitance values ​​to be detected, for example, the distance between the insole material, the gap filler, the material of the housing structure 150, or the foot Depending on the other materials used in the wafer, different trace widths can be selected.

[0086] The third capacitive sensor 900 may include a connector 915. The connector 150 is adapted to mate with a mating connector that is coupled to a PCA within the housing structure 150, for example. The mating connector connects the first electrode trace 911 and the second electrode trace 912. 320. The processor circuit 320 may include one or more conductors for electrically coupling to the processor circuit 320. do.

[0087] In one embodiment, the third capacitive sensor 900 includes input signal conductors 920A and 920B. 0B. Input signal conductors 920A and 920B are connected to button 121 in the embodiment of FIG. 2A. One or more input devices, such as a dome button or other switch, The device can be configured to be coupled to a

[0088] FIG. 9B illustrates a third capacitive sensor 900, buttons 121A and 121B, and a membrane seal. 1 shows a sensor assembly 901 including sensors 124A and 124B. The adhesive connects the corresponding conductive surfaces of input signal conductors 920A and 920B to button 121. For example, buttons 121A and 121B are connected to protect them from debris. To do this, membrane seals 124A and 124B are attached over buttons 121A and 121B. It can be worn.

[0089] In the example of FIG. 9C, the fourth capacitive sensor 902 includes a first electrode trace 921 and a second electrode trace 922. The electrode region includes a first electrode trace 921 and a second electrode trace 922. The traces 922 are separated by insulator traces 923. The electrode traces The fourth capacitive sensor 902 may comprise one or more flexible members. The fourth capacitive sensor 902 may include a connector 925. The connector 915 may be a mating connector that is coupled to a PCA, for example, within the housing structure 150. It can be connected to a Kuta.

[0090] The inventors have addressed the problem to be solved by, for example, providing a foot presence sensor that is entirely or partially separated from the foot or body to be sensed, for example by an air gap or other intervening object. When determining the appropriate sensitivity of the capacitive foot presence sensor or the response from the capacitive foot presence sensor, The inventors have recognized that the solution involves obtaining a The specified shape, size and orientation enhance the direction and relative strength of the electric field generated when The inventors have recognized that this method may include using multiple electrodes. identified the optimal electrode configuration for use in capacitive foot presence sensing.

[0091] In one embodiment, the fourth capacitive sensor 902 includes a first electrode trace 921 and a second electrode trace 922. and a first electrode trace 921 and a second electrode trace 922, A plurality of individual fingers or trains each extending substantially parallel to one another. For example, the first electrode trace 921 and the second electrode trace 922 are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the conductive fingers may include multiple interleaved conductive fingers.

[0092] In one embodiment, the second electrode trace 922 is located around the outer periphery of the fourth capacitive sensor 902. or extends substantially around the surface portion and substantially surrounds the first electrode trace 921. In the embodiment of FIG. 9C, the second electrode trace 922 The boundary line including the fourth capacitive sensor 902 assembly is substantially entirely around the top surface of the fourth capacitive sensor 902 assembly. In some other embodiments, the perimeter extends around a smaller portion of the sensor. The inventors have also considered the possibility of using one or more traces that are not parallel, for example. Instead of including a first electrode trace 921 and a second electrode trace 922, When most or all of the fingers are aligned substantially parallel to one another, We further recognized that the optimum electric field for detecting the electric field is generated. In contrast to the sensor 902, the third capacitive sensor 900 of FIG. 9A has a vertically extending filter. The top of the first electrode trace 911 including the finger portion and the horizontally extending finger portion The first electrode trace 911 includes non-parallel fingers, such as the bottom of the first electrode trace 911. The relative thicknesses of the first electrode trace 921 and the second electrode trace 922 are adjusted to further increase the sensitivity of the sensor. In one embodiment, the second electrode trace 922 is It is more than three times thicker than the Race 921.

[0093] In one embodiment, the first, second, third and fourth capacitive sensors 700, 8 900, 900, and 902 are used to measure the foot presence sensor 310. The capacitance value to be determined may be determined by a controller or processor, such as processor circuit 320 of FIG. In response to the measured capacitance, the processor circuit 320 , actuation of the drive mechanism 340 can be used to adjust, for example, the tension of the footwear on the foot. The adjustments can be optionally made at least by separate "hardwired" components. can be performed, at least in part, by a processor running software or by a combination of hardwired components and software In one embodiment, actuating the drive mechanism 340 can be accomplished by: (1) a processor circuit; Foot presence sensor 31 may be driven using one or more drive / monitor circuits, such as using circuit 320. 0, (2) which of the received capacitance signals (if any) is greater than a specified threshold (e.g., the memory registers of the processor circuit 320 and and a memory circuit for data communication with the (3) determining whether a foot presence sensor is present, for example, based on various specified thresholds being exceeded; characterizing the position, size, orientation or other characteristics of the body or feet near the sensor 310; and (4) permitting, enabling, adjusting, or inhibiting actuation of drive mechanism 340 depending on the characterization. This includes controlling.

[0094] FIG. 10 illustrates a method 1000 that includes using foot presence information from footwear sensors. 10 shows a flow chart illustrating an embodiment. In operation 1010, this embodiment detects a foot presence sensor 31 0. The foot presence information includes receiving foot presence information from the footwear. It may contain binary information about whether the (see footwear interrupt signal) or contains an indication of the possible presence of a foot in the footwear article. The information may include electrical signals provided from the foot presence sensor 310 to the processor circuit 320. In one embodiment, the foot presence information may include one or more The sensor may include qualitative information about the position of the foot relative to the sensor or sensors.

[0095] In operation 1020, this embodiment determines whether the foot is fully seated in the footwear. If the sensor signal indicates that the foot is fully seated, this embodiment The user can proceed to operation 1030, which activates the drive mechanism 340. For example, the foot presence sensor 31 If it is determined that the foot is completely in place in action 1020, for example, based on information from 0, When this occurs, the drive mechanism 340 is engaged and drives the footwear through the spool 131 as previously described. If the sensor signal indicates that your foot is not fully seated, This embodiment may include a delay or idle time for a specified interval (e.g., 1-2 seconds, or more). After the specified delay has elapsed, this The embodiment may return to operation 1010, where the processor circuit receives the foot presence sensor 310 The information can be sampled again to again determine if the foot is fully seated. Cut.

[0096] After actuation of drive mechanism 340 in act 1030, processor circuit 320 0, the processor circuit can be configured to monitor foot position information. Foot presence sensor 310 provides information regarding the absolute or relative position of the foot within the footwear. The information can be configured to be monitored periodically or intermittently. , monitoring foot position information in operation 1040 and receiving foot presence information in operation 1010. Receiving information may include receiving information from the same or different foot presence sensors 310. For example, in operations 1010 and 1040, different electrodes can be used to detect the presence of a foot. Or location information can be monitored.

[0097] At operation 1040, this embodiment may include a button 121 or other button associated with the footwear. This includes monitoring information from one or more buttons 121. Based on this, when the user wants to take off the footwear, the drive mechanism 340 is configured to untie the laces. Or you can ask them to relax.

[0098] In one embodiment, a lever is provided to operate the drive mechanism 340 or tighten the laces. Additionally or alternatively, lace tension information may be monitored or used as feedback information for For example, lace tension information can be used to determine the drive voltage supplied to motor 341. The tension can be monitored by measuring the current. can be preset or adjusted by the user and monitored or measured This can be correlated to a set drive current level.

[0099] At operation 1050, this embodiment determines whether the foot position has changed within the footwear. The foot presence sensor 310 and the processor circuit 320 detect changes in foot position. If no change is detected, the embodiment may continue with a delay in operation 1052. After a specified delay interval in act 1052, the embodiment returns to act 1040 to activate the foot presence sensor. Re-sample information from 310 to again determine if foot position has changed. The delay in act 1052 can range from a few milliseconds to several seconds. , which can optionally be specified by the user.

[0100] In one embodiment, the delay in operation 1052 may be to determine, for example, footwear usage characteristics. This can be determined automatically by the processor circuit 320 in response to, for example, The processor detects when the wearer is engaged in strenuous activity (e.g., running, jumping, etc.). If the circuit 320 determines that the delay time provided in operation 1052 is The wearer is engaged in non-vigorous activities (e.g., walking or sitting) If the processor circuit determines that the processor circuit is in the middle of By increasing the delay time, the sensor sampling event defers the event and the processor circuit 320 and / or foot presence sensor 310 By deferring the corresponding power consumption, battery life can be preserved. In one embodiment, if a change in position is detected in act 1050, this embodiment continues with act 1 30 and continue, for example, by actuating the drive mechanism 340 to move the In one embodiment, the processor circuitry 320: For example, detecting slight changes in foot position can help prevent unnecessary lace winding. To achieve this, a hysteresis controller may be included or incorporated for the drive mechanism 340. .

[0101] FIG. 11 illustrates an example embodiment of a method 1100 for using foot presence information from footwear sensors. The embodiment of FIG. 11 shows a flow chart illustrating the operation of a state machine in one embodiment. This can be implemented, for example, using a processor circuit 320 and a foot presence sensor 310. It is possible.

[0102] State 1110 is the default or baseline state of the active footwear product The product may include a "shipped" status representing the product being shipped, and the product may be shipped with information from the foot presence sensor 310. In the shipping state 1110, the foot The various active components of the software are switched off or deactivated. This allows the footwear to preserve its battery life.

[0103] In response to a "power on" event 1115, this embodiment may "disable" or inactivate The drive mechanism 340, or the active foot, can transition to the active state 1120. Other features of the software may remain in a standby state in the disabled state 1120. Various inputs can be used as trigger events to exit the enabled state 1120. For example, user input from one of the buttons 121 can be used to change the disabled state 1 120. In one embodiment, the motion sensor 324 The information from the motion sensor 324 can be used as a wake-up signal. The information may include information about the movement of the footwear, for example, when the user prepares the shoes. Putting the foot in position or responding to the user beginning to insert the foot into the footwear can be done.

[0104] The state machine will trigger the power-on event 1115 followed by the auto-lacing enable event 1123. The device may remain in the disabled state 1120 until a . The autolacing enable event 1123 is generated when a user (e.g., user input to the drive mechanism 340) or interface device) or can be triggered manually, e.g. It can be automatically triggered in response to gesture information received from the motion sensor 324. After the Auto Lace Enable event 1123, a Calibrate event 1125 occurs. The calibration event 1125 may take into account, for example, environmental effects on the sensor. To achieve this, a reference or baseline value for the capacitance of the foot presence sensor 310 may be set. The calibration may be based on information sensed from the foot presence sensor 310 itself. or can be based on programming or specified criteria information. .

[0105] After the Auto Lace Enable event 1123, the state machine enters the Pending state 1130, In state 1130, the state machine waits for a foot presence signal. 310 and / or motion sensor 324. Interrupts such as indicating the presence of a foot or indicating a good chance of a foot being present can be used. When the foot detection signal is received, the event register will indicate "foot detected" at event 1135. Cut.

[0106] The state machine transitions to various functions when a foot detected event 1135 occurs, or For example, the footwear may initiate a foot detection event 1135. In response, a drive mechanism 340 is used to tighten or adjust the tension characteristics. In one embodiment, in response to the foot detection event 1135, the processor The circuit 320 activates the drive mechanism 340 to adjust the lace tension by an initial amount, and the processor The circuit 320 continues until a further control gesture is detected or no user input is received. Delay further tightening of the footwear until or unless The machine can transition to a "waiting to move" state 1140. After the exit event 1135, the processor circuit 320 enables the drive mechanism 340, but In state 1140, the state machine does not activate any initial or further tensioning mechanisms. You can hold or pause additional detected footwear motion information before adjusting. After the movement waiting state 1140, a stepping / walking / standing event 1145 is detected. In response, the processor circuitry 320 may further adjust the tension characteristics of the footwear. can be adjusted.

[0107] Stepping / Walking / Standing Event 1145 involves one or more of the following: This can include various discrete inputs sensed, such as from sensors in the The event may be a positive acceleration (e.g., a specified or general acceleration) from the motion sensor 324. In one embodiment, the information may include information indicating the orientation of the device (e.g., "up" or "upright") and the orientation of the device (e.g., "up" or "upright"). In this study, a stepping event was defined as a "high step" in which the user lifted one knee substantially vertically and forward. Knee or kick type events. For example, it can determine whether acceleration is greater than or equal to a specified threshold. A gentle knee-lift event may not trigger a step event response, whereas A rapid or quick knee lift event may trigger a step event response.

[0108] A walking event is a combination of a positive step pattern and an “up” In one embodiment, the motion sensor may include information indicating an "upright" or "stand-up" orientation. The sensor 324 and / or the processor circuit 320 may be configured to identify a step event. The walking event is determined when a step event is identified and when an acceleration a sensor (e.g., included with or separate from the motion sensor 324) attached to the footwear It can be recognized when it indicates that the object is upright.

[0109] A standing event may be, for example, an acceleration or change in direction of the footwear from a motion sensor. Information from the motion sensor indicating "up" or "upright" without further information about In one embodiment, the standing event may include: As such, information about changes in the capacitance signal from the foot presence sensor 310 can be used to determine That is, the capacitance signal from the foot presence sensor 310 indicates whether the user's foot is Indicates whether the user is standing, such as when exerting downward pressure on the garment This may include signal fluctuations that may occur.

[0110] The particular implementation of the step / walk / stand event 1145 should not be considered limiting. However, various other gestures, such as the time after a foot is detected with the foot detection event 1135, base input or user input control to further control the behavior of the footwear, or can be provided to further influence the behavior of the footwear.

[0111] After step / walk / stand event 1145, the state machine enters the "waiting to unwind" state 11 50. The Wait to Unlace state 1150 loosens the footwear and releases tension. User input and / or gesture information may be used to provide instructions for This may include monitoring the user's behavior (e.g., using a motion sensor 324). In the waiting to untie state 1150, a state manager, such as processor circuit 320, The engine or drive mechanism 340 should be disengaged and return to the Wait for Foot Present Signal state 1130. That is, in the first embodiment, Unwrapping event 1155 can occur, and the state machine unwraps the footwear and state, and the state machine can return to the foot presence signal state 1130. In the second example, an autolacing disable event 1153 occurs, disabling the footwear. The state can be transitioned to the initialization state 1120.

[0112] FIG. 12 generally illustrates a chart of first time-varying information from a capacitive foot presence sensor. 12 includes a capacitance versus time chart, showing a first time-variable capacitance. The capacitance signal 1201 is plotted on a chart. In one embodiment, a first time-varying electrostatic The capacitive signal 1201 may be obtained using a foot presence sensor 310 as described herein. The first time-varying capacitance signal 1201 can be applied to the capacitance to be measured or to the capacitance as described above. , corresponding to an indication of the body's influence on the electric field between the plurality of electrodes of the foot presence sensor 310. In one embodiment, the first time-varying capacitance signal 1201 can be absolute or In another embodiment, the signal represents the difference between a plurality of different capacitance signals. Represents.

[0113] In one embodiment, the first capacitance signal 1201 is set to a specified first threshold capacitance value 1211 The foot presence sensor 310 can be configured to perform the comparison. Alternatively, the processor circuit 320 may receive capacitance information from the foot presence sensor 310 and In the example of FIG. 12, a first threshold capacitance value 12 11 is shown to be a non-zero constant value. At time T1, for example, the first capacitance signal When the foot presence sensor 310 and the foot presence sensor 1201 are indicated as being equal to or greater than the first threshold capacitance value 121, and / or processor circuit 320 may provide a first interrupt signal INT1. The first interrupt signal INT1 is generated when the capacitance value indicated by the foot presence sensor 310 is equal to or greater than the first value. It can remain high as long as it is above the threshold capacitance value 1211 .

[0114] In one embodiment, the first interrupt signal INT1 is generated in response to a 10. In operation 1010, a foot presence signal is received from the foot presence sensor 310. Receiving the presence information may be achieved by receiving a first interrupt signal INT1, such as in the processor circuit 320. In one embodiment, operation 1020 may include receiving a signal indicating that the foot is wearing footwear. To determine whether the For example, the processor circuit 320 may include using the first signal information. 1. How long the foot presence sensor 310 presents a capacitance value that exceeds the threshold capacitance value 1211 The duration of the first interrupt signal INT1 can be monitored to determine whether If the duration exceeds a specified reference time, the processor circuit 320 determines that the foot is completely It can be determined that the condition is settled or likely to be settled.

[0115] In one embodiment, the first interrupt signal INT1 is generated upon condition 1130 or event 113 5, etc., which can be used in the embodiment of Figure 11. At state 1130, the state machine (stat e machine) receives a signal from the processor circuit 320, such as INT1, or the foot presence sensor 310 At event 1135, the state machine The program receives the first interrupt signal INT1 and, in response, performs one or more of the following actions: The state can be initiated.

[0116] In one embodiment, the first threshold capacitance value 1211 is adjustable. The threshold is adjusted based on the environmental Based on a change in the baseline or reference of the measured or detected capacitance, such as due to a change In one embodiment, the first threshold capacitance value 1211 can be changed by the user. User threshold settings can affect the sensitivity of the footwear. In one embodiment, the first threshold capacitance value 1211 is set by the foot presence sensor 310 or It can automatically adjust in response to changes in the environment or materials sensed in or around it. Cut.

[0117] FIG. 13 generally illustrates a chart of second time-varying information from a capacitive foot presence sensor. 13 shows the second capacitance signal 300 near the first threshold capacitance value 1211. How to handle or use variations in 1202 to determine the presence or orientation of the foot within the footwear Indicates whether to determine more information about the

[0118] In one embodiment, the second capacitance signal 1202 is received from the foot presence sensor 310; The second capacitance signal 1202 is compared to a first threshold capacitance value 1211. In particular, the user , other thresholds may be set depending on user preferences, footwear type, or environment or environmental characteristics. In the example of FIG. 13, the second capacitance signal 1202 is A threshold capacitance value 1211 can be crossed at times T2, T3, and T4. In an example, multiple threshold crossings are used to measure foot movement, e.g., as the foot enters the footwear. By showing the path of movement, the presence of the foot can be reliably identified by the foot presence sensor 310. For example, the time interval bounded by first and second threshold crossings at times T2 and T3 can be calculated as follows: The spacing is determined by the distance between the toes or phalanges of the foot that are positioned at or near the electrodes of the foot presence sensor 310. The second capacitance may be greater than the first capacitance value 1211. When the distance between T3 and T4 is small, the distance between the metatarsal joint or the metatarsal bone of the foot is small. This can correspond to the time when moving on or near the electrodes. The metatarsal is the distance of the phalanges to the foot presence sensor 310 as the phalanges move within the footwear. The foot presence sensor 310 can be spaced a greater distance away, resulting in At time T4, the capacitance between T3 and T4 measured by The heel or talus can be slid into place and the arch over the electrodes of the foot presence sensor 310. The switch can then settle, causing the sensed capacitance to rise again above the first threshold capacitance. exceeding the capacitance value 1211. Therefore, the foot presence sensor 310 or the processor circuit 320 The second interrupt signal INT2 is generated between times T2 and T3, and the third interrupt signal INT3 is generated between times T2 and T3. can be configured to occur after time T4.

[0119] In one embodiment, the processor circuit 320 performs the following steps based on the sequence of interrupt signals: The processor circuit 320 may be configured to reliably identify the presence of a foot. The interrupt handler returns information about the received interrupt signal and one or more For example, the processor circuitry may include: , paired, separated by a specified duration to provide a reliable indication of foot presence. In Figure 13, for example, the time between T3 and T4 The duration can be used to measure, for example, the presence of a foot, with an adjustable or specified tolerance. In one embodiment, the processor circuit 320 may provide an interrupt signal. The signal is received as data and the data is combined with other user input signals, e.g., based on gestures. In one embodiment, an interrupt signal can be processed as part of a user input based on the Information about the presence or absence of a signal may be used to validate or reject one or more other signals. For example, if an interrupt signal has recently been received or has been received, In this case, the accelerometer signal may be validated and processed by the processor circuit 320. or if there is no interrupt signal corresponding to the foot presence sensor, the accelerometer signal The signal can be rejected by the processor circuit 320.

[0120] The embodiment of FIGS. 12 and 13 is based on the assumption that the measured capacitance value from the foot presence sensor 310 is: An experiment that is reliably constant or reproducible over time, including under changing environmental conditions. However, in many footwear use cases, the temperature, humidity or Changes in other environmental factors can cause constant changes in the capacitance surrounding the embedded electronics. A significant change in the surrounding capacitance can occur unexpectedly, for example, at the base of the sensor. Changing the line or reference capacitance characteristics may adversely affect the activation of the foot presence sensor 310. This could have an impact.

[0121] FIG. 14 generally illustrates a chart of third time-varying information from a capacitive foot presence sensor. 400. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be adapted to accommodate various changes in ambient conditions, changes in usage, or How to account for changes in reference capacitance, such as changes due to wear or deterioration of software components This example shows how the second threshold capacitance 1212 and the time variable The third capacitance signal 12 is plotted on chart 1400 along with the quasi-capacitance 1213. 14, the time-varying reference capacitance 1213 increases over time. In other embodiments, the baseline capacitance decreases over time or with use of the footwear. This may change during the course of a tournament (for example, in one day, one game played, one player In one embodiment, the reference capacitance is determined by the insole, outer layer, etc. soles, insoles, footplate inserts, or other components of footwear. This may change over the life cycle of various components of the footwear itself. do.

[0122] In one embodiment, the third capacitance signal 1203 is received from the foot presence sensor 310; The third capacitance signal 1203 can be processed using, for example, the processing circuitry of the foot presence sensor 310, or Using the processor circuit 320, it is compared to a second threshold capacitance 1212. In embodiments where the quasi-capacitance 1213 is not considered or used, the third capacitance signal 12 The threshold crossings of 03 are monitored at times T5, T6, and T8. However, the second threshold capacitance 1212 is set based on the capacitance detected by the foot presence sensor 310, for example. The second threshold capacitance 1212 can be adjusted in real time using the information obtained. The adjustment of can be based on a time-varying reference capacitance 1213.

[0123] In one embodiment, the second threshold capacitance 1212 is a continuous, time-varying reference capacitance In an alternative embodiment, the second threshold capacitance 1 212, for example, in response to a specified threshold change amount of the time-variable reference capacitance 1213, The step-by-step adjustment technique is shown in FIG. 14 as a static second threshold adjustment over the interval shown. For example, the second threshold capacitance 1212 is a time-variable reference capacitance 1213 in response to a specified threshold increase ΔC in capacitance. In the example of FIG. 14, the third capacitance signal 1203 is increased at T7 and T10. At times T5, T6 and T9, the reference compensated second threshold capacitance 1212 is crossed. Therefore, depending on whether the threshold is reference compensated or not, different interrupt signals or For example, between times T5 and T6, a fourth interrupt The signal INT4 may be generated and provided. The second threshold capacitance 1212 may be used as a reference compensation. If the 5th interrupt signal INT5 is not used, it can be generated at time T8. However, if the reference compensated second threshold capacitance 1212 is used, the fifth division The input signal INT5 is connected to the compensated second threshold capacitance 1212 and the third threshold capacitance 1213 as shown. The capacitance signal 1203 is generated and provided at time T9 when the capacitance signal 1203 crosses.

[0124] A logic circuit can be used to monitor and update the threshold capacitance value. , can be incorporated into the foot presence sensor 310 or the processor circuit 320. The threshold levels can be automatically provided and stored in the internal RAM. In the example, no input or confirmation from the user is required to update the threshold.

[0125] FIG. 15 generally illustrates a chart of fourth time-varying information from a capacitive foot presence sensor. 500. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be adapted to accommodate various changes in ambient conditions, usage, or fixtures. How to account for changes in reference capacitance, such as changes due to wear or deterioration of software components This example shows how the adaptive threshold capacitance 1214 can be considered. The fourth capacitance signal 1204 is plotted at 1500. 04 can be provided by the foot presence sensor 310. Adaptive Threshold Capacitance 1214 is used to detect environmental changes or usage changes in the capacitance measured by the foot presence sensor 310. This can help compensate for resource-related changes.

[0126] In one embodiment, the foot presence sensor 310 or the processor circuit 320 detects a specified threshold value. A fourth capacitance signal for changes in the signal magnitude, such as for changes greater than the magnitude of the 1204, i.e., a capacitance greater than or equal to a specified threshold capacitance ΔC. If the fourth capacitance signal 1204 includes a change in magnitude where The processor circuit 320 can provide an interrupt signal.

[0127] In one embodiment, the capacitance value of the sensed or measured fourth capacitance signal 1204 is Compares the capacitance or baseline and measures the capacitance at a specified interval or In the embodiment of FIG. 15, the criteria are updated at time-varying intervals as shown. This is done periodically at times T11, T12, T13, etc., as shown in Figure 1. Other intervals or other triggers may be used. Updates in response to events can additionally or alternatively be used.

[0128] In the example of FIG. 15, the initial reference capacitance can be 0 or can be expressed as The sixth interrupt signal INT6 is generated when the fourth capacitance signal 1204 is After the capacitance increases by more than a specified threshold capacitance ΔC relative to the established reference, 11. In the embodiment of FIG. 15, interrupts are provided at regular intervals. In other embodiments, the interrupt may be generated in the same manner as identifying a threshold change in capacitance. can be provided at times.

[0129] For example, at time T11, after the identified threshold change, the reference or baseline capacitance is After time T11, the foot presence sensor 310 or The processor circuit 320 then calculates a fourth capacitance for a change in the signal of at least ΔC. The capacitance signal 1204 is monitored, i.e., the capacitance value of C1+ΔC or C1−ΔC. can be configured to look for

[0130] In an embodiment including identifying an increase in capacitance at a first time, the interrupt signal status can change at a later time in response to a determination of a decrease in capacitance. If a further capacitance increase is identified at any given time, the reference capacitance can be updated. Subsequent comparisons can be made based on the reference capacitance obtained. This situation is shown in Figure 15. For example, at time T12, an increase in the capacitance of the fourth capacitance signal 1204 is detected. The reference can be updated to the second capacitance reference C2. Since the capacitance change indicates an increase, the status of the sixth interrupt signal INT6 remains unchanged. At time T13, a decrease in capacitance of the fourth capacitance signal 1204 is detected. The reference can then be updated to the third capacitance reference C3. The change in capacitance at T13 is , the capacitance has dropped more than the specified threshold capacitance ΔC, so the sixth interrupt signal I Changing the status of the NT6 (e.g., from interrupt asserted to non-asserted) can be done.

[0131] In one embodiment, the first detected change at time T11 and the corresponding interrupt signal I NT6 is detected by the foot presence sensor 310 and determined to be present in the footwear. The subsequent increase in the baseline capacitance indicates an environmental change at or near the sensor. Changes to the baseline capacitance measured by the foot presence sensor 310, such as due to The change detected at time T13 indicates that the footwear is removed and the foot presence sensor is activated. The capacitance change ( For example, time T16) may represent the foot being reinserted into the footwear.

[0132] FIG. 16 generally illustrates a time-variable foot presence sensor from a capacitive foot presence sensor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. A chart 1600 of variable information and signal shape limits is shown. This example illustrates the chart 1600 The fifth capacitance signal 1205 and the sixth capacitance signal 1206 are plotted in the Chart 1600 further includes morphology limit 1601. 01 is compared with a segment of the capacitance signal sampled from the foot presence sensor 310 The comparison can be performed using the foot presence sensor 310 or the processor circuit 320. , determining whether a particular sampled segment conforms to the shape constraints 1601. In the example of FIG. 16, the configuration limits, if exceeded, can be used to disable the capacitance signal segment. indicates that the sensor does not or is unlikely to indicate the presence of a foot near the foot presence sensor 310. This defines the lower limit.

[0133] The sampled portion of the fifth capacitance signal 1205 shown is within the configuration limit 1601 In the example of FIG. 16, the configuration limit 1601 is the change in the magnitude of the capacitance signal, or defines a morphology including dip, dwell and recovery. After determining that the capacitance signal 1205 meets all or part of the configuration limits 1601, An interrupt signal may be provided to indicate the presence or successful detection of

[0134] The illustrated sampled portion of the sixth capacitance signal 1206 is within the configuration limit 160 1. For example, the sudden drop and long dwell of the sixth capacitance signal 1206 The gap is outside the boundary defined by the shape limit 1601, so that, for example, the foot presence sensor The interrupt signal is held to indicate that no foot is detected by the sensor 310. can be done.

[0135] The geometric limits 1601 can be fixed or variable. For example, the geometric limits can be Capacitance, environment, footwear use case, user, sensitivity preferences, or other information For example, the shape limits 1601 can be adjusted based on the information used. This can vary, at least in part, depending on the type of shoe. The geometric shape or material, or the time it takes a user to put on or take off a particular footwear product Basketball shoes are different from running shoes because of the different expected amounts of time they will last. The shape limits 1601 can be different. In one embodiment, the shape limits 1601 are: , for example, to accommodate a user's unique footwear donning and doffing preferences or procedures. So it can be programmed.

[0136] As explained above, the foot presence sensor 310 may have an associated fixed or variable baseline. The reference capacitance value can be determined by the surface area of ​​the electrodes, etc. placement of electrodes relative to the footwear components or orientation of the footwear; or The value can be determined according to the environment in which the sensor or the footwear itself is used. That is, the sensor has some associated capacitance even when the foot is not present in the footwear. The value may be determined by the dielectric effect of one or more materials or by a sensor or can be a function of environmental factors in its vicinity. The sole insert (e.g., insole) is fitted with a capacitive sensor at or near the footwear. The dielectric properties of the polymer may be altered. or when the reference characteristic changes, e.g. when the insole is changed, the foot presence sensor 3 10. In one embodiment, the processor circuit 320 can be configured to automatically detect the baseline or reference capacitance value. , or updating the baseline or reference capacitance in response to user input or instructions. It can be configured as follows.

[0137] Figure 17 shows the overall structure of the dielectric stack within the midsole of a footwear product. 17 shows an example embodiment 1700 of a diagram of a capacitive foot presence sensor deployed. 1701 includes a housing structure 150 and receives information from, for example, a capacitive foot presence sensor 1701. a lacing engine or drive mechanism 340 that is operated at least in part based on or it can be used. The capacitive foot presence sensor 1701 can detect the proximity of the sensor. configured to provide a capacitance or capacitance-indicative signal based on the presence or absence of a body 550 It is possible.

[0138] Providing one or more materials between the body 550 and the capacitive foot presence sensor 1701 one or more materials can affect the sensitivity of the sensor, or The signal to noise ratio of the signal from the sensor can be affected. Alternatively, the plurality of materials may form a dielectric stack. The one or more materials may be, in particular, a sock. 1751, an air gap such as due to the arch height of the body 550 at or near the sensor , an insole 1750, a fastener 1730 such as Velcro™, or a dielectric filler In one embodiment, a capacitive filler 1720 may be included. When the foot presence sensor 1701 is provided inside the housing structure 150, the housing structure The top wall of 150 itself is part of the dielectric stack. can be part of the dielectric stack.

[0139] The inventors have discovered that by providing a dielectric stack with a high dielectric constant or high k value, It was recognized that the input sensitivity of the capacitive foot presence sensor 1701 can be increased. Various materials with high thermal conductivity were tested and evaluated for their effectiveness and suitability in footwear. In the embodiment, the dielectric filler 1720 may include a neoprene material. The member is comfortable to use under the foot in footwear and can be used to replace e.g. Compared to AGAPS or other low-k materials, capacitive foot presence sensors have hardness or durometer characteristics that provide sufficient dielectric effect to enhance the sensitivity of O1 In one embodiment, the neoprene member has a thermal resistance of about 30 Shore A. The invention includes a closed cell foam having a hardness value.

[0140] FIG. 18 generally illustrates the relationship between the capacitance-indicative signal from the capacitive foot presence sensor 1701 and the capacitance-indicative signal from the capacitive foot presence sensor 1701. 18 shows an example including a chart 1800 showing the effect of the dielectric filler 1720 on In the 1800, the x-axis represents a number of digital samples, corresponding to elapsed time, and the y-axis represents Chart 180 shows a relative measure of the capacitance detected by the capacitive foot presence sensor 1701. 0 is the capacitance indicative first signal 18 corresponding to the material of the first type of dielectric filler 1720. 01 and a capacitance-indicating second signal 18 corresponding to another second type of dielectric filler 1720. Includes time-aligned superposition with 02.

[0141] In this embodiment, the first signal 1801 is provided as a dielectric filler 1720. The footwear corresponds to a first dielectric member, for example, a first dielectric k value The chart 1800 may include a first dielectric member and a polyurethane foam having the same structure. The foot presence sensor 1701 and the body 550 inserted into and removed from the footwear product. For example, a first portion 1820 of the first signal 1801 may be a capacitive foot present This shows the reference or baseline capacitance measured by sensor 1701. In the example of FIG. , the reference or baseline is normalized to a value of zero. The reference or baseline condition is , can correspond to the absence of a foot in the footwear. A first portion 1820 of 801 shows the absence of a foot in the footwear. At a point corresponding to about 0, the body 550 can be inserted into the footwear and stabilized. Positioning the capacitive foot presence sensor 1701 and the first dielectric member at or near the After the insertion, the magnitude of the first signal 1801 is, for example, increased by the first amount 1811. The footwear example shown in FIG. In this example, the body 550 corresponds to around samples 600 to 1400. 801. At a point corresponding to about 1400, the body 550 can remove the footwear. When the body 550 is absent, the first signal 1801 returns to its nominal or baseline value. It is possible.

[0142] In the embodiment of FIG. 18, the second signal 1802 is provided as a dielectric filler 1720. The footwear corresponds to a second dielectric member. The second dielectric member may be, for example, the first dielectric member described above. The dielectric member may include a neoprene foam having a second dielectric k value that is greater than the first dielectric k value of the dielectric member. The chart 1800 shows the body 550 including the second dielectric member and the foot presence sensor 1701. Numerous examples are presented, from the time the footwear is inserted into the footwear to the time the footwear is removed. The first portion 1820 of the second signal 1802 is detected by the capacitive foot presence sensor 1701. This represents the reference or baseline capacitance to be measured, and in the example of FIG. 18, the second signal 18 The first portion 1820 of Sample 60 shows the absence of the foot in the footwear. At a time corresponding to around 0, the body 550 can be inserted into the footwear, and static The capacitive foot presence sensor 1701 and the second dielectric material may be positioned at or near After interpolation, the magnitude of the second signal 1802 may change, for example, by a second amount 1812. This indicates that a foot (or other body part) is present within the footwear. Thus, the second amount 1812 exceeds the first amount 1811. The difference in size change is due to the dielectric filler 1 720. That is, the capacitance indicating first signal 18 The magnitudes of the first and second signals 1801 and 1802 may differ when a different dielectric stack is used. If the dielectric stack contains a high-k dielectric filler 1720, a large The difference in thickness or difference from the baseline is due to the dielectric stack containing a low-k dielectric filler. Greater than 20 including.

[0143] In one embodiment, the footplate insert comprises a portion of the dielectric stack of the footwear. The inventors evaluated the effect of various footplate inserts on capacitive foot sensing technology. Adding a standard (partial length) insole to the footwear , the overall dielectric effect of the stack was increased, reducing the sensitivity of the electric field to the presence of the feet. The amplitude of the signal (e.g., corresponding to the change in detected capacitance) was also reduced in the presence of the plantar plate. However, the RMS amplitude of the noise floor was similar with and without the footplate. The responses under unloaded and unloaded conditions were similar.

[0144] Detect the presence of a foot with a standard or full-length footplate based on the results of the footplate test The use of capacitive sensing for this purpose is feasible in terms of signal-to-noise ratio. Alternatively, a full-length footplate may be used to achieve an SNR above the desired minimum of approximately 6 dB for foot presence determination. It can be used for both low and high duty load conditions. In one embodiment, the foot presence sensor 310 can be added to the dielectric To compensate for the effect, a capacitance offset range may be included or used.

[0145] The variation in the air gap between the full-length footplate and the electrodes of the foot presence sensor 310 This can result in measurable variations in SNR as a function of the applied load. For example, As demonstrated in the example of Figure 18, high-k dielectric materials can be used in capacitive foot presence sensors. When placed at or near the dielectric layer, the dielectric layer provides a lower dielectric constant than embodiments that include or use low-k dielectric materials. , the SNR can be improved.

[0146] The various foot zones performed equally under low load conditions, with no significant deformation of the gap distance under the insole. However, under high load conditions, such as when the user is standing, , the arch area of ​​the footplate may be compressed, effectively minimizing the air gap. Therefore, under the detection conditions, the voltage measured in the presence of the footplate may be The field should be similar in magnitude to the electric field measured using a production or OEM insole. The sole of the foot creates an air gap between the foot presence sensor 310 and the body to be detected. In the case of boards or OEM-produced insoles, to compensate or fill air gaps Various materials can be provided or added to the gap, for example, neoprene Filler foam may be provided on the underside of the full length footplate.

[0147] In one embodiment, including a footplate in the insole reduces the overall dielectric thickness of the dielectric stack. This increases the amplitude of the signal and decreases the sensitivity of the electric field to the presence of the foot. The RMS amplitude of the noise characteristics was similar with and without the insole. The dielectric member occupying the volume between the sensing electrode of the capacitive sensor and the underside of the footplate is It was also revealed that this can have a significant impact on the sensitivity of the When using neoprene foam, which has a dielectric constant or k value of about 5.6, polyurethane foam is used. For equal noise amplitudes, the signal amplitude can be approximately 70% lower than that measured in the previous experiment. In this case, this equates to an SNR difference of approximately 4.6 dB.

[0148] Thus, capacitive sensing with a carbon fiber sole is used to detect the presence of a foot. This is feasible in terms of signal-to-noise ratio. A minimum SNR of over 6 dB was measured.

[0149] FIG. 19 generally illustrates the capacitance indications from capacitive foot presence sensors within the footwear. 19 shows an example of a chart 1900 showing a portion of the third signal 1803. , the x-axis shows a number of digital samples, corresponding to the elapsed time, and the y-axis shows the capacitance of the 17. The third signal 1803 indicates a relative measure of the capacitance detected by the presence sensor 1701. This information is used to determine if the user is exerting downward force on the footwear. For example, it is possible to distinguish between whether the user is sitting or standing. It can be used to measure the number of steps taken or to determine the user's walking style.

[0150] At an initial time, for example corresponding to sample "0" on the x-axis, the third signal 1803 is the relative capacitance It may have a reference or baseline value of about 0 on the quantity scale. The third signal 1803 is, for example, the signal when the body 550 is wearing a footwear. Footwear event corresponding to the footwear being inserted into the third signal 18 03, at 1910 or around sample 10,000, footwear removal event , after which the third signal 1803 returns to the baseline value.

[0151] The embodiment of Figure 19 further includes a threshold value 1920. The threshold value 1920 determines whether the body 550 is at or below the foot. This can correspond to relative capacitance values ​​that indicate the presence of a sensor in the garment. Alternatively, when the body 550 is present in the footwear, the relative static force indicated by the third signal 1803 When the capacitance exceeds the threshold 1920 and the foot or body 550 is absent from the footwear, The relative capacitance can be less than a threshold value 1920. As described in more detail herein In addition, thresholds 1920 may be set to account for environmental changes or changes in footwear materials. Various methods or techniques can be used for dynamic adjustment.

[0152] At 1901 and 1910, for example, corresponding to the interval between samples 175 and 1000, Between events of putting on and taking off the footwear, the wearer of the footwear product is in a sitting position and The transition between sitting and standing can be made multiple times. The transition between sitting and standing can be made at, for example, the third signal. Footwear material forming a dielectric stack over a capacitive sensor providing 1803 can accommodate fluctuations in the third signal 1803 by compression and relaxation of When a user stands and exerts a downward force on the dielectric stack, The material or materials can be compressed as the user's foot approaches the capacitive sensor. This can change the relative capacitance measured using the sensor. When the dielectric stack material is seated and the downward force on the dielectric stack is reduced, The foot can be relaxed or extended, and the user's foot can move away from the capacitive sensor. can be done.

[0153] The wear event 1901 includes the disturbance portion of the third signal, i.e., smooth or gradual Instead of indicating a slight transition, the third signal 18 is generated when the user has their foot in place within the footwear. 03 fluctuates rapidly and irregularly. In one embodiment, the wear event 1901 is or manual lacing, which allows the user to adjust the lacing by adjusting the footwear material (dielectric Various forces are applied to the footwear (including the stack) to measure the tension of the footwear on the user's foot. In the embodiment of FIG. 19, the wearing indicator 1901 can be adjusted. After venting, the user can select the first duration 193, which corresponds to samples 200 to 275. During the first duration 1931, the third signal 1803 , can have an average value of about 220 relative capacitance units.

[0154] After the first duration 1931, the user can stand and compress the material of the dielectric stack. This allows the user to bring their feet closer to the capacitive sensors under the stack. If the user is fully standing and compressing the dielectric stack, the third signal 1803 is During the second duration 1932, the capacitance may have an average value of about 120 relative capacitance units. That is, the magnitude of the third signal 1803 changes when the user transitions from a sitting position to a standing position. or where the user is exerting minimal force on the dielectric stack, This moves the dielectric stack to the point where it exerts maximum force on the tack. When the dielectric properties of the body change, they can change by a first magnitude change 1951. In one embodiment, the first magnitude change 1951 is applied to the dielectric stack. For example, the force applied when running is greater than when walking. It is expected that the user will be exerting greater force on the dielectric stack when Therefore, the first magnitude change amount 1951 is used to measure, in particular, the weight of the user or the running speed of the user. It can determine whether someone is standing or walking.

[0155] In the example of FIG. 19, around sample 375, a third signal 1803 indicates that the user is seated. When returning to the posture, the value returns to approximately 220 relative capacitance units. The user can then Sit for 3rd duration 1933 until changed.

[0156] The dotted portion of the third signal 1803 (after about sample 500 in the example of FIG. 19) represents the time The graph shows the progression of the x-axis and the change in the scale of the x-axis. In one example, samples 0 to 500 are When footwear incorporating a capacitive sensor is new or when a new dielectric sensor is installed, This corresponds to when tack is used in footwear. Samples from around 9,800 onwards Samples should be taken when the footwear is old or partially worn, and The dielectric stack is compressed and springs back even when relaxed or not in use. This can be used when the product is not inflated or does not expand.

[0157] In the example of FIG. 19, the third signal 1803 indicates the number of times the user moves between a sitting and standing position. In this example, a fourth duration 1934 and a sixth duration 1936 are shown. The footwear is responsive to the user's posture and exerts minimal force or pressure on the dielectric stack of the footwear. The fifth duration 1935 corresponds to a standing position, in which the force applied to the dielectric stack increases. In this example, the fourth duration 1934 and the sixth duration 1936 are approximately 240 relative capacitance units. That is, the fourth duration 1934 and the sixth duration 1934 correspond to the average value of the The average of 6 exceeded the average of the first duration 1931 and 31933, which was about 220 units. In one embodiment, the difference in the average values ​​can be calculated by wear of one or more parts of other footwear materials that change over time with use of the footwear In this example, the fifth duration 1935 may be approximately 150 relative capacitance units. This corresponds to an average value of about 120 units of the third duration 1933. Furthermore, the difference between the sitting and standing postures is the difference in the amount of force applied to the dielectric stack. This is the difference between new and used footwear. The first magnitude change 1951 is for new footwear, and The relative capacitance change between sitting and standing was approximately 200 units, and the second magnitude change was 195 units. 2 is the difference between standing and sitting position in the case of old or second-hand footwear. In the example of FIG. 19, the fourth duration 1934- The 6th duration 1936 is further compared to the 1st duration 1931 to the 3rd duration 1933. It shows a relatively noisy signal, which may be further affected by the footwear or sensor components. This may be due to wear of the

[0158] Thus, FIG. 19 illustrates the use of information from the third signal 1803 to, among other things, that can indicate the life cycle status or usage characteristics of the footwear This information may be used, for example, to indicate that one or more footwear components are worn or worn and available to provide optimal or sufficient cushioning or foot retention. Help prevent injury to users by reporting or warning users that something may not be working properly. can be used to help.

[0159] In one embodiment, information from a capacitive foot sensor is used to derive step frequency information. This can be further achieved by knowing or determining the user's stride length. It can be used as a step counter or pedometer when it is possible to separate it. Referring to FIG. 19, the variations in the third signal 1803 correspond to different step events. For example, the second duration 1932 may be when the first foot of the user is on the ground and the user is The first part of the user's step, such as when the user's weight is exerting force on the user's footwear The footwear may respond to an interval including minutes, and the footwear may provide a third signal 1803. After a second duration 1932, the user adjusts their weight to their first foot presence sensor. As a result, the pressure exerted by the user on the footwear can be transferred from one foot to the second. or force decreases, and a corresponding change can be observed in the third signal 1803. For example, The magnitude of 1803 can be increased by, for example, a first magnitude change amount 1951 . When the user steps forward again and returns to the first leg, the magnitude of the third signal 1803 decreases, e.g. It can be decreased by a direct or similar first magnitude change amount 1951. wherein the change in size can depend on the force the user applies to the footwear; and can be related to it, which in turn can be related to how fast the user is walking or For example, a larger magnitude change corresponds to a faster running speed. , while a smaller amount of change can correspond to walking speed.

[0160] In one embodiment, the duration, interval, or number of samples of the specified portion of the third signal 1803 is For example, the first duration 19 31 may have a sample count of approximately 75 samples, and the second duration 1932 may have a sample count of approximately The first duration 1931 may have a sample count of 50 samples. corresponds to the first part of the user's walking or step cycle when off the ground, and the second part Duration 1932 is the time after the user's walking or step cycle when the first foot is on the ground. The user may have a step interval of approximately 125 samples. Depending on the sample rate, the step interval can be adjusted using the processor circuit 320. For example, by processing sample number information, it can be correlated with walking or running speed.

[0161] In one embodiment, the duration, interval or duration between signal magnitude changes of the third signal 1803 The number of samples can be used to determine the step interval or number of steps. and identifying by the processor circuit 320 a change in magnitude, such as a change in length greater than the amount of change in length. and the processor circuit 320 calculates the length of the interval between the identified magnitude changes. For example, the second duration 19 can be determined by the processor circuit 320. The start of 32 can be identified as around sample 325, which is, for example, the third In signal 1803, a magnitude change that is greater than a specified threshold change corresponds to the monitored magnitude change. The processor circuit 320 determines that the end of the second duration 1932 is at about sample 375. This can be determined by the subsequent magnitude monitored, for example, in the third signal 1803. The processor circuit 320 determines whether the change between the sample numbers corresponds to a change greater than a specified threshold change. Calculating the difference, we determine that the second duration 1932 is approximately 50 samples in duration. The processor circuit 320 may similarly select any one or more of the third signals 1803. For a number of segments, the duration or sample length can be determined. The processor circuitry can determine the step interval and use the step interval to determine the transition. The distance traveled or the speed at which the user is moving can be determined. Information about the user's stride length, along with step interval information, can be used to determine distance traveled. It is possible.

[0162] In one embodiment, the user's stride length is not specified or known. The user's stride length can optionally be measured using an accelerometer or position sensor ( It may use information from one or more other sensors, such as a GPS sensor, to determine For example, information from a location sensor can be used to measure the total distance a user has traveled over a specified duration. The processor circuit 320, or other processor associated with the footwear, can indicate the distance traveled. The processor receives the third signal 1803 and steps through a number of signal magnitude change events. and determining the average user's step or stride length by correlating the measured value with the distance traveled. For example, if a user moves 100 meters in 30 seconds and the electrostatic If the capacitance-indicating signal shows 100 signal magnitude change events within the same 30-second interval, The processor circuit 320 or other processor may determine that the user's stride length is approximately 100 meters / 10 0 size change events = 1 meter per size change event Cut.

[0163] In one embodiment, information from the third signal 1803 is used to determine the user's gait or The processor circuit 320 can, for example, detect changes in the user's gait. The capacitive indicator signal can be configured to be monitored over time, e.g., to identify changes For example, the processor circuit 320 may detect a first (or other) wear event after a detected wear event. You can monitor the duration or the first step event. Each time the user wears the footwear, they walk in a similar manner, using a similar gait. You can expect to start walking or running after putting on your footwear. The processor circuit 320 detects deviations from the established baseline or average signal characteristics. Similarly, the processor circuit 320 may issue a warning to the user if Use characteristics or deviations that can be associated with user fatigue that may lead to injury For example, a change in foot position can be detected using a capacitive foot presence The dielectric properties at or on the sensor can be correspondingly changed, Deviations from the established baseline or reference signal characteristics indicate that the foot or ankle is rotating within the footwear. It can indicate that the vehicle is rolling or skidding. In an embodiment, the change in foot position is used to provide a shock absorber for the user's foot to help prevent injury to the user. This allows the footwear to be tightened automatically.

[0164] The following aspects are non-limiting overviews of the footwear and capacitive sensors described herein. Provide the essentials. Aspect 1 is a subject matter (apparatus, system, device, method, means for performing an action, or device) A device executable that contains instructions that, when executed on a device, can cause the device to perform an action. may contain or use a computer readable medium, such as a footwear product The system may include or utilize an automated footwear system for The stem includes a device housing configured to be disposed within the product; a processor circuit provided in the device housing, and a an electrical interconnect coupled to the port or ports; and a capacitive sensor; The capacitive sensor is at least partially external to the device housing. and a plurality of electrodes coupled to a processor circuit using electrical interconnects. The capacitive sensor is configured to sense the proximity of the body to the electrodes.

[0165] Embodiment 2 may include or use the subject matter of embodiment 1, or may optionally be combined therewith. and optionally proximity information sensed by a capacitive sensor. and configured to receive the signal to provide an indication of the presence of a foot in the product or the absence of a foot in the product. The processor circuitry may include or utilize a processor circuit.

[0166] Aspect 3 may include or use the subject matter of aspect 2, or may optionally be combined therewith. and optionally, tightens the product against the foot when worn. or a device housing at least a portion of the lacing engine configured to loosen or release the lacing engine. The processor circuitry includes or uses a housing, and the processor circuitry controls the lacing engine based on the instructions. The device is configured to initiate or prevent the operation of the device.

[0167] Aspect 4 includes the subject matter of one or any combination of aspects 1 to 3 or can be used, or optionally combined with, a common plane The device may include or use a plurality of electrodes including at least two electrodes spaced apart within the device.

[0168] Embodiment 5 may include or use the subject matter of embodiment 4, or may optionally be combined therewith. and optionally a plurality of insole members extending substantially parallel to the top surface of the insole of the product. The electrode includes at least some of the electrodes.

[0169] Aspect 6 includes the subject matter of one or any combination of aspects 1 to 5 or may be used, or optionally combined with, on the sole or outsole of the product, or on the insole or outsole of the product The device may include or utilize a device housing configured to be disposed within a rail.

[0170] Aspect 7 includes the subject matter of one or any combination of aspects 1 to 6 or may be used, or optionally combined with, It includes a portion of a capacitive sensor that is affixed to the exterior surface of the housing.

[0171] Embodiment 8 includes the subject matter of one or any combination of embodiments 1 to 7 or can be used, or optionally combined with, The capacitive sensor includes a device housing provided under the foot in the sole area. When worn on the foot, the device is disposed between the upper surface of the device housing and the foot.

[0172] Embodiment 9 may include or use the subject matter of embodiment 8, or may optionally be combined therewith. and optionally including a dielectric member between the foot side of the capacitive sensor and the foot. or use.

[0173] Embodiment 10 can include or use the subject matter of embodiment 9, or optionally dielectrics, which may be combined and optionally have a material with a higher dielectric constant or k value than air. Contains or uses electrical components.

[0174] Embodiment 11 can include or use the subject matter of embodiment 9, or optionally, Can be combined, optionally including or using a dielectric material comprising neoprene .

[0175] Aspect 12 may include the subject matter of one or any combination of aspects 1 to 11. can be used or optionally combined with, and optionally in common It includes a plurality of electrodes disposed on a flexible substrate.

[0176] Aspect 13 may include the subject matter of one or any combination of aspects 1 to 12. can be used or optionally combined with, and optionally with, multiple The electrodes include first and second interdigital electrodes, each interdigital electrode being arranged parallel to a common axis. The casing has a plurality of spaced apart extension members.

[0177] Aspect 14 relates to subject matter (apparatus, system, device, method, means for performing an action, or device) a device that contains instructions that, when executed on a device, cause the device to perform an action It may include or use a readable medium, such as a tensioning member. a tensioning member, an electric tensioning device for controlling the tension of the tensioning member, and a footwear a capacitive sensor for receiving information regarding the presence or absence of a foot in the door, a plurality of electrodes spaced apart in a common plane parallel to the insole of the garment; and receiving information from at least one other capacitive sensor and This determines whether the foot is present, absent, in or out of the footwear. and a control unit capable of determining whether the footwear is It can be used.

[0178] Embodiment 15 may include or use the subject matter of embodiment 14, or optionally and optionally using information from at least one capacitive sensor. A control unit is used to conditionally operate the motorized tensioning device using the

[0179] Embodiment 16 includes the subject matter of one or any combination of embodiments 14 or 15. or may be used, or optionally combined with, At least a part of the electric tensioning device and the control unit is located under the foot in the suit. At least one capacitive sensor is provided on the device housing. nothing.

[0180] Embodiment 17 may include or use the subject matter of embodiment 16, or optionally and optionally a dielectric member having a dielectric constant higher than that of air. The dielectric member may be adjacent to the plurality of electrodes of the capacitive sensor.

[0181] Aspect 18 relates to subject matter (apparatus, system, device, method, means for performing an action, or device) a device that contains instructions that, when executed on a device, cause the device to perform an action may include or utilize a computer readable medium, such as a footwear product, configured to generate a capacitive indicative signal indicative of the presence or relative position of the feet of the A capacitance type foot presence sensor, the capacitance type foot presence sensor being located under the foot and in the footwell a pair of interleaved electrodes disposed on a common substrate in the arch region of the electrostatic a capacitive foot presence sensor; A device housing in the arch region of the footwear is included to provide at least a portion of the electrodes. a processor circuit disposed below the foot position sensor and configured to receive a signal from the foot position sensor; and a path for detecting when the signal indicates the presence of a foot or the relative position of the foot within the article of footwear. In some cases, the change in position may include or be used with an article of footwear. In the footwear product, the processor circuitry is one within or associated with or start collecting data from multiple other sensors or The drive mechanism may be configured to operate to tighten or loosen the product. Cut.

[0182] Embodiment 19 can include or use the subject matter of embodiment 18, or optionally and, optionally, a change in the mutual capacitance characteristics associated with the electrodes. The present invention includes or uses a foot presence sensor configured to generate a signal indicative of

[0183] Embodiment 20 includes the subject matter of one or any combination of embodiments 18 or 19. or may be used, or optionally combined with, and optionally manufactured a dielectric member disposed between at least a portion of the foot presence sensor and the foot when the article is worn; The dielectric insert member has a dielectric constant higher than that of air. do.

[0184] Each of the above non-limiting aspects can be used independently or in combination with other aspects herein. Various permutations or combinations with one or more of the other aspects or embodiments described. Can be combined with a combination.

[0185] Various notes The above description includes references to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the detailed description. By way of example, specific embodiments are provided in which the invention may be practiced. Examples are also referred to herein as "Examples." Examples are those in addition to those shown or described. However, the inventors have determined that only those elements shown or described are provided. Furthermore, the inventors have not yet determined whether a particular embodiment (or one or more embodiments), or other embodiments (or any one or more of the embodiments) shown or described herein. Any combination of the elements shown or described in any of the embodiments (or embodiments) may be used. Embodiments (or one or more aspects thereof) using either or both of the above are also contemplated.

[0186] In this document, as is common in patent documents, references to "at least one" or "one or more" are used. to include one or more than one, independently of any other instance or usage of "number" In this document, "or" is used in a non-exclusive manner. Since "A or B" is used to refer to alternatives, unless otherwise indicated, Includes "A but not B," "B but not A," and "A and B" In this document, "including" and "in which" respectively mean " Used as the plain English equivalent of the terms "comprising" and "wherein" Also, in the following claims, the terms "including" and "including" are used. "Comprising" is open-ended, i.e., the following of such a term in the claims Any system, device, product, composition, design or process that includes elements other than those listed above. The following claims are also considered to be within the scope of the claims: The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used merely as designations and do not refer to There is no intention to impose numerical requirements on

[0187] Geometric terms such as "parallel," "perpendicular," "round," or "square" may mean different things depending on the context. There is no intention to require absolute mathematical rigor unless the geometric The term allows for variations due to manufacturing or similar features. For example, if an element is "round" or or "nearly round" refers to components that are not exactly round (e.g., slightly oval or or multi-sided polygons) are also encompassed by this description.

[0188] Embodiments of the methods described herein may be implemented at least in part by machines or computers. Some embodiments can be implemented by carrying out the methods described in the above embodiments. a computer-readable medium encoded with instructions operable to configure an electronic device to The method may include a readable or machine-readable medium. , including code such as assembly language code, high-level language code, or the like The code may include computer readable instructions for performing various methods. The code may form part of a computer program product. In an embodiment, the code may be stored in one or more volatile, non-transient memory locations, such as during execution or at other times. The program may be tangibly stored on a tangible, permanent, or non-volatile computer readable medium. Examples of the tangible computer readable medium include a hard disk, a removable magnetic disk, Removable optical disks (e.g., compact disks and digital video disks), magnetic cassette, memory card or memory stick, random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM), and the like.

[0189] The above description is intended to be illustrative, not limiting. The embodiments (or one or more aspects thereof) may be used in combination with each other. Other embodiments may be used, for example, by those skilled in the art upon reviewing the description. The Abstract is provided to allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. shall not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. It is submitted with full understanding. In addition, in the above detailed description, various Sometimes various features are grouped together, which is unclaimed but disclosed. No feature should be interpreted as intended as essential to any claim. Disclosure of subject matter may lie in less than all features of a particular embodiment disclosed. Accordingly, the following claims are hereby incorporated by reference as examples or embodiments. Each claim stands on its own as a separate embodiment, and each embodiment may include various It is envisioned that the invention may be combined with one another in any combination or permutation. The scope of the disclosure is to be determined by reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. should be judged together with the above.

Claims

1. 1. A detector for use with a footwear device, comprising: a body sensor configured to provide an electric field within the footwear device using an AC drive signal provided to at least one pair of electrodes, detect changes in the electric field caused at least in part by the position of a user's body relative to the footwear device and corresponding to the proximity of the body to the electrodes, and determine a foot force characteristic based on the detected changes in the electric field.

2. 10. The detector of claim 1, further comprising a signal generator configured to provide a sensor drive signal, the body sensor configured to provide the electric field within the footwear device using the sensor drive signal.

3. The detector of claim 2 , wherein the body sensor is configured to provide the electric field to an arch-receiving portion of the footwear device.

4. The detector of claim 1 , wherein the detector comprises a processor circuit configured to determine a force characteristic of the foot based on information about changes in the electric field over time.

5. The detector of claim 4 , wherein the processor circuitry is configured to determine whether the user is sitting or standing based on the foot force signature.

6. The detector of claim 4 , wherein the processor circuitry is configured to identify step events of the user based on the foot force characteristics.

7. The detector of claim 4 , wherein the processor circuitry is configured to determine a step count of the user based on the foot force signature.

8. The detector of claim 4 , wherein the processor circuitry is configured to determine a velocity of the user based on the foot force characteristics.

9. The detector of claim 4 , wherein the processor circuitry is configured to determine a gait of the user based on the foot force signature.

10. The detector of claim 4 , wherein the processor circuitry is configured to determine a weight of the user based on the foot force characteristics.

11. The detector of claim 1 , further comprising a dielectric member disposed between the body sensor and the user's body.

12. The detector of claim 1 , wherein the body sensor is configured to determine the foot force characteristics using information about movement of the user's body relative to the electrodes of the body sensor over time.

13. 1. A method for operating an automated footwear system, comprising: a detector for use with an article of footwear that provides an electric field within the article of footwear using an AC drive signal provided to at least one pair of electrodes; the detector sensing changes in the electric field within the article of footwear using a body sensor; the detector determines a characteristic of a force applied by a user to a footbed of the article of footwear based on changes in the electric field sensed using the body sensor that correspond to proximity of the body to the electrodes.

14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising the detector activating a lacing function of the automated footwear system based on the determined force signature.

15. The method of claim 13 , further comprising the detector determining a posture of the user based on the determined force signature.

16. The method of claim 13 , further comprising the detector determining a step event, step count, or speed of the user based on the determined force signature.

17. The method of claim 13 , further comprising the detector determining a gait of the user based on the determined force signature.

18. 1. A detector for use with a footwear device, comprising: A detector comprising a processor circuit configured to control an electric field provided inside the footwear device using an AC drive signal provided to at least one pair of electrodes, receive information regarding changes in the electric field caused at least in part by the position of a user's body relative to the footwear device and corresponding to the proximity of the body to the electrodes, and provide information regarding the user's posture or gait based at least in part on the information regarding the detected changes in the electric field.

19. 20. The detector of claim 18, wherein the processor circuitry is further configured to determine a foot force signature based on information about the changes in the electric field, and wherein the processor circuitry is configured to use the determined foot force signature to determine a posture or gait of the user.

20. 20. The detector of claim 18, wherein the processor circuitry is configured to use information about the change in the electric field to distinguish a sitting posture of the user from a standing posture of the user.

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