Energy-absorbing studs

Abstract

To provide an energy absorbing stud.SOLUTION: An energy absorbing stud includes: a boundary stud vane perpendicularly connected to a boundary beam; at least one boundary stud having a middle section with a boundary stud web plate located on a first side of the boundary stud vane, and a gap extending along the horizontal direction, connected to the boundary beam by the boundary stud vane together with the middle section, and arranged to transmit horizontal and vertical forces, the boundary stud including at least one blade plate connection portion located at one end of the middle section; and an energy absorbing plate located on a second side of the boundary stud vane opposite the boundary stud web plate, and arranged to develop shear force plastic behavior to absorb energy, the boundary stud being located on one side thereof.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to energy absorbing studs. [Background technology]

[0002] Taiwan is located in the Pacific Rim Seismic Zone, and in recent years, various vibration isolation and vibration control designs have been continuously developed to ensure the safety of people's lives and property. Earthquake-resistant stud-type metal energy absorbers are small in volume and are widely used in earthquake-resistant building structures. Generally, earthquake-resistant studs are divided into two types: bending moment yielding type and shear force yielding type. Shear force yielding type earthquake-resistant studs are composed of energy-absorbing steel plates and connecting sections at the top and bottom ends, adopting a three-section design. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] In conventional shear-yielding earthquake-resistant studs, the height of the energy-absorbing steel plate is less than one-third of the total column height, and the shear deformation demand is more than three times the floor displacement, so many stiffening plates are required to prevent buckling. Furthermore, to ensure the shear-force plastic hinge of the energy-absorbing steel plate, the upper and lower elastic sections must be very hard and occupy a certain height, which reduces the overall rod efficiency. In addition, the low-yield strength steel required for conventional energy-absorbing steel plates is expensive and difficult to obtain, and requires special processing, which increases costs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] One technical aspect of the present disclosure is an energy absorbing stud.

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an energy-absorbing stud comprises: a middle section having boundary post vanes vertically connected to a boundary beam and a boundary post web plate located on a first side of the boundary post vanes; at least one boundary post having a gap extending along the horizontal direction, connected to the boundary beam together with the middle section by the boundary post vanes, and arranged to transmit horizontal and vertical forces, the boundary post including at least one blade connection portion located at one end of the middle section; and an energy-absorbing plate located on a second side of the boundary post vanes opposite the boundary post web plate, arranged to develop shear force plastic behavior to absorb energy, the energy-absorbing plate having the boundary post on one side.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the width of the energy absorbing plate is less than the height of the energy absorbing plate, and the height of the energy absorbing plate is greater than half the height of the boundary post.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the width of the boundary posts is substantially equal to or less than half the width of the energy absorbing plate.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, there is a window between the energy absorption plate, the blade plate connection and the boundary beam.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy absorbing stud may include a plate cover located on a second side of the boundary post vane at the window and positioned to increase the strength of the blade connection.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy absorbing stud further comprises an interface plate located within the window and adjacent the plate cover and the energy absorbing plate.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy-absorbing stud further includes a first reinforcing plate located on a first surface of the energy-absorbing plate and arranged along the vertical direction, and an interface plate located on an end of the energy-absorbing plate and arranged along the horizontal direction and joined to the first reinforcing plate.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy absorbing stud further comprises a second reinforcing plate located on a second surface opposite to the first surface of the energy absorbing plate and arranged along the horizontal direction.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy-absorbing stud further comprises a horizontal reinforcing plate located on the surface of the boundary post and arranged along the horizontal direction.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy absorbing stud comprises two boundary posts, an energy absorbing plate is located between the two boundary posts, and each of the two boundary posts includes two blade plate connection portions, and an intermediate portion is located between the two blade plate connection portions.

[0015] In the above-described embodiment of the present disclosure, the gap at the blade connection allows the blade connection to connect the middle of the boundary column to the boundary beam of the building at the gap location using a pivot or other means. The blade at the gap can be used to transmit horizontal and vertical forces, so the central energy-absorbing plate only experiences simple shear deformation. Furthermore, the energy-absorbing plate is connected to the boundary beam via the boundary column, reducing the aspect ratio of the energy-absorbing plate, thereby more effectively ensuring that the deformation of the energy-absorbing plate is primarily shear. Furthermore, the height of the energy-absorbing plate can be greater than half the total column height, so the ratio of the shear deformation demand of the floor to the shear deformation demand of the energy-absorbing plate is close to 1, significantly improving the rod efficiency of the energy-absorbing stud. Furthermore, because there is no need to use low-yield-strength steel, the same processing methods and materials as boundary columns can be used, reducing construction costs. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] Aspects of the present disclosure can be best understood from the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. Note that, in accordance with standard practice in the industry, various features have not been drawn to scale. In fact, the size of each feature may be arbitrarily increased or decreased for clarity of discussion. [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating an energy absorbing stud according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a front view of the energy-absorbing stud of FIG. 1 when deformed. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a front view illustrating an energy absorbing stud according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing shear force versus floor deformation during shear force deformation of the energy-absorbing stud of FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing shear force versus floor deformation amount at 20 maximum shear force deformations of the energy-absorbing stud of FIG. 3. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a rear view illustrating an energy absorbing stud according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] The embodiments disclosed below provide numerous different embodiments, or examples, of different features for carrying out the provided purposes. Below, specific examples of elements and arrangements are described to simplify the disclosure. Of course, these examples are for illustration only and are not intended to be limiting. It should be noted that the disclosure may repeat element symbols and / or letters in each example. This repetition is used for simplicity and clarity purposes and does not, in itself, specify a relationship between each embodiment and / or arrangement discussed.

[0018] Spatially relative terms such as "below," "under," "lower," "above," "top," and the like may be used herein for convenience of description to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature as shown in the drawings. The spatially relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of the device during use or operation other than that shown in the drawings. The device may be oriented in other configurations (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptive terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0019] FIG. 1 is a front view of an energy-absorbing stud 100 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 1 , the energy-absorbing stud 100 includes a boundary post vane 110, at least one boundary post 120, and an energy-absorbing plate 130. The boundary post vane 110 is vertically connected to a boundary beam 200. The boundary post 120 includes an intermediate portion 124 and at least one blade-to-blade connection portion 122. The intermediate portion 124 includes a boundary post web 129 located on a first side of the boundary post vane 110. The blade-to-blade connection portion 122 is located at one end of the intermediate portion 124, and the blade-to-blade connection portions 122, 126 have a gap 128 extending horizontally. The blade-to-blade connection portion 122 and the intermediate portion 124 are connected to the boundary beam 200 by the boundary post vane 110. The energy-absorbing plate 130 is located on a second side of the boundary post vane 110 opposite the boundary post web 129. The boundary post 120 is located on one side of the energy absorption plate 130. In this embodiment, the energy absorption stud 100 includes two boundary posts 120, and the energy absorption plate 130 is located between the two boundary posts 120. Each of the two boundary posts 120 includes two blade plate connecting portions 122, 126, with the middle portion 124 located between the two blade plate connecting portions 122, 126. Taking the blade plate connecting portion 122 as an example, in the gap 128, there are only two portions, upper and lower, of the blade plate connecting portion 122 where the boundary post blade 110 and the disposable plate cover 150 are connected. With this design, the boundary post blade 110 in the gap 128 can fully utilize the ductility and elasticity of the material and function as a pivot. In some embodiments, the materials of the energy absorption plate 130, the boundary columns 120, and the boundary column vanes 110 include steel, and the materials of the energy absorption plate 130, the boundary columns 120, and the boundary column vanes 110 may be the same, such as, but not limited to, H-shaped steel or composite steel.

[0020] The width W1 of the energy absorption plate 130 is smaller than the height H1 of the energy absorption plate 130. The energy absorption plate 130 is directly in contact with the boundary columns 120, not the non-boundary beams 200. This design allows the aspect ratio of the energy absorption plate 130 to be equivalent to the ratio of the width W1 to the height H1. (Generally, in civil engineering, the wall width is the length of the contact portion that applies shear force. In this disclosure, the boundary columns 120 directly apply shear force to the energy absorption plate 130, so the wall width is equivalent to the height H1.) When the width W1 of the energy absorption plate 130 is smaller than the height H1 of the energy absorption plate 130, and the aspect ratio is smaller than 1, the main force acting on the energy absorption plate 130 is dominated by shear force. This design simplifies the rod mechanics of the energy absorption plate 130, allowing the energy absorption plate 130 to deform and absorb energy during an earthquake using simple shear force.

[0021] 2 is a front view of the energy-absorbing stud 100 of FIG. 1 during deformation. Referring to FIG. 2, when the upper and lower boundary beams 200 of the energy-absorbing stud 100 are subjected to a lateral displacement S, the blade joints 122, 126 are arranged to absorb the vertical force Vkp and horizontal force Hkp at the gap 128 due to the lateral displacement S, as well as the bending moment and axial force within the blade joints 122, 126. The so-called bending moment is a moment that bends the interior of the blade joints 122, 126 due to the horizontal force Hkp. The so-called axial force is an axial force within the blade joints 122, 126 due to the vertical force Vkp. Depending on the direction of the acting force, it can be divided into compression (arrow points toward the energy-absorbing plate 130) and tension (arrow points away from the energy-absorbing plate 130). In addition, the strain force caused by the lateral displacement S also generates a horizontal force Hkp in the horizontal direction, which forms a shear force within the energy absorption plate 130, causing a parallelogram deformation, thus reaching plasticity and absorbing the seismic energy. During deformation, the portions where the blade joints 122, 126 connect to the upper and lower boundary beams 200 do not deform, but the portion between the gaps 128 of the blade joints 122, 126 deforms. Furthermore, the height H1 of the energy absorption plate 130 is greater than half the height H2 of the boundary column 120 (see Figure 1). Thus, the height H3 of the portion of the energy absorption stud 100 involved in deformation can account for a large proportion of the height H2 of the boundary column, for example, in the range of 80% to 95%. For small angles θ, the sine function value of angle θ can be approximated to angle θ itself (i.e., θ = ∑ i ∑ b ...

[0022] Referring to FIG. 1 , the width W2 of the boundary post 120 and half the width W1 of the energy-absorbing plate 130 are substantially equal to or less than one. A window 140 is located between the energy-absorbing plate 130, the blade connection 122, and the boundary beam 200. The upper two blade connection 122, the boundary beam 200, and the energy-absorbing plate 130 in FIG. 1 can surround the window 140. The energy-absorbing stud 100 further includes a plate cover 150. The plate cover 150 is located on the second side of the window 140, facing the boundary post blade 110, and is arranged to reinforce the strength of the boundary post blade 110. For example, welding the plate cover 150 to the boundary post blade 110 in this portion of the window 140 can increase the strain strength that the boundary post blade 110 can withstand, without increasing the overall thickness of the boundary post blade 110. In some embodiments, the width of the gap 128 of the blade plate connection portion 122 is about 1 to 2 times the thickness of the boundary post blade 110 plus the thickness of the plate cover 150.

[0023] The energy-absorbing stud 100 further includes a first reinforcing plate 170 and an interface plate 160. The first reinforcing plate 170 is located on the first surface 132 of the energy-absorbing plate 130 and is arranged vertically. The interface plate 160 is located within the window 140 and at the edge of the energy-absorbing plate 130, and the interface plate 160 is adjacent to the plate cover 150 and the energy-absorbing plate 130. The interface plate 160 is arranged horizontally and is joined to the first reinforcing plate 170. In this embodiment, one first reinforcing plate 170 is shown, but more first reinforcing plates 170 can be added as needed. An embodiment of adding the first reinforcing plate 170 will be described later and in FIG. 3 . The role of the first reinforcing plate 170 and the interface plate 160 is to delay buckling of the energy-absorbing plate 130, allowing the energy-absorbing plate 130 to withstand larger lateral displacements and delay irreversible deformation.

[0024] In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing stud 100 further includes a horizontal reinforcing plate 174. The horizontal reinforcing plate 174 is located on the surface of the boundary column web 129 and is arranged horizontally. It should be noted that the horizontal reinforcing plate 174 does not have to be arranged on only one surface of the boundary column web 129; a horizontal reinforcing plate 174 may also be arranged on the back surface of the boundary column 120 in FIG. 1, as will be illustrated in FIG. 6. In some embodiments, the material of the first reinforcing plate 170 and the horizontal reinforcing plate 174 includes steel, and the thickness of the first reinforcing plate 170 and the horizontal reinforcing plate 174 is in the range of 1.0 cm to 2.5 cm, for example, approximately 2 cm.

[0025] FIG. 3 is a front view of an energy-absorbing stud 100a according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, the energy-absorbing stud 100a includes a boundary post vane 110, at least one boundary post 120, an energy-absorbing plate 130, and a first reinforcing plate 170a. The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment of FIG. 1 is that the energy-absorbing stud 100a includes three first reinforcing plates 170a. In this way, the additional first reinforcing plates 170a enable the energy-absorbing stud 100a to withstand greater strain and lateral displacement than the embodiment of FIG. 1.

[0026] FIG. 4 shows the shear force versus floor deformation during shear deformation of the energy-absorbing stud 100a of FIG. 3. In FIG. 4, even when the lateral displacement reaches 5% (i.e., 5 centimeters of lateral displacement occurs for every meter in the vertical direction) during the primary deformation cycle, the force-displacement relationship curve remains gentle, indicating that buckling does not occur in the energy-absorbing stud 100a of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 shows the shear force versus floor deformation during 20 maximum shear deformations of the energy-absorbing stud 100a of FIG. 3. Even when the lateral displacement cycle of FIG. 4 is repeated 20 times, the overlap of the force-displacement relationship curve remains very high, indicating that the energy-absorbing stud 100a of FIG. 3 does not experience structural degradation due to metal fatigue during these 20 cycles.

[0027] FIG. 6 is a rear view of an energy-absorbing stud 100b according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 6, the energy-absorbing stud 100b includes a boundary post vane 110, at least one boundary post 120, and an energy-absorbing plate 130. The difference between the embodiment of FIG. 6 and the embodiment of FIG. 3 is that the energy-absorbing stud 100b of FIG. 6 further includes a second reinforcing plate 172. The second reinforcing plate 172 is located on the second surface 134 of the energy-absorbing plate 130 opposite the first surface 132, and is disposed horizontally. The addition of the second reinforcing plate 172 further strengthens the structure of the energy-absorbing plate 130 of the energy-absorbing stud 100b. In some embodiments, the material of the second reinforcing plate 172 includes steel, and the thickness of the second reinforcing plate 172 is in the range of approximately 1.0 cm to 2.5 cm, for example, 2 cm.

[0028] As described above, the gap at the stud joint allows the stud to connect the middle of the boundary column to the boundary beam of the building at the gap location using a pivot or other means. The stud joint at the gap can transmit both horizontal and vertical forces, allowing the central energy-absorbing plate to undergo only simple shear deformation. Furthermore, the energy-absorbing plate is connected to the boundary beam via the boundary column, reducing the aspect ratio of the energy-absorbing plate, ensuring that its deformation is primarily shear. Furthermore, the height of the energy-absorbing plate can be greater than half the total column height, which allows the ratio of the shear deformation demand of the floor to the shear deformation demand of the energy-absorbing plate to be close to 1, significantly improving the rod efficiency of the energy-absorbing stud. Furthermore, because low-yield-strength steel is not required, the same processing methods and materials can be used as for boundary columns, reducing construction costs.

[0029] The foregoing outlines features of several embodiments so that those skilled in the art may better understand aspects of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they may readily use this disclosure as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures to carry out the same purposes and / or achieve the same advantages as the embodiments described herein. Those skilled in the art should further recognize that such equivalent structures do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and that various modifications, substitutions, and alterations may be made therein. [Explanation of symbols]

[0030] 100, 100a, 100b: Energy absorbing studs 110: Boundary column wing plate 120: Boundary pillar 122, 126: Blade connection part 124: Middle part 128: Gap 129: Boundary column web 130: Energy absorption plate 132: First surface 134: Second Surface 140: Window 150: Board cover 160: Boundary plate 170, 170a: First reinforcing plate 172: Second reinforcement plate 174:Horizontal reinforcement plate 200: Boundary beam H1, H2, H3: Height W1, W2: width Vkp: Vertical force Hkp:Horizontal force S: Lateral displacement θ: Angle

Claims

1. 1. An energy absorbing stud comprising: a boundary column vane connected perpendicularly to the boundary beam; at least one boundary post; an energy absorbing plate; The at least one boundary post comprises: a middle portion having a boundary post web located on a first side of the boundary post vane; At least one blade connecting portion is located at one end of the intermediate portion, and has a gap extending along the horizontal direction, and is connected to the boundary beam by the boundary post blade together with the intermediate portion, and is arranged to transmit horizontal and vertical forces; The at least one boundary post comprises: Located on one side of the energy absorption plate, The energy absorption plate is an energy-absorbing stud located on a second side of the boundary column vane opposite the boundary column web plate, arranged to form uniform shear force deformation, with the boundary column located on one side;

2. 2. The energy absorbing stud of claim 1, wherein the width of the energy absorbing plate is less than the height of the energy absorbing plate, and the height of the energy absorbing plate is greater than half the height of the boundary post.

3. 3. The energy absorbing stud of claim 2, wherein the width of said boundary post and half the width of said energy absorbing plate are substantially equal to or less than said width.

4. 2. The energy absorbing stud of claim 1, wherein there is a window between the energy absorbing plate, the blade connection and the boundary beam.

5. The energy absorbing stud of claim 4 , further comprising a plate cover located on the second side of the window with the boundary post vane, the plate cover being positioned to enhance strength of the blade plate connection.

6. 6. The energy absorbing stud of claim 5, further comprising an interface plate located within said window and adjacent said plate cover and said energy absorbing plate.

7. a first reinforcing plate located on a first surface of the energy absorbing plate and arranged along a vertical direction; The energy absorbing stud of claim 1 , further comprising an interface plate located at an end of the energy absorbing plate, disposed horizontally, and joined to the first reinforcing plate.

8. The energy absorbing stud according to claim 7 , further comprising a second reinforcing plate located on a second surface of the energy absorbing plate opposite the first surface and disposed along a horizontal direction.

9. The energy-absorbing stud according to claim 1 , further comprising a horizontal reinforcing plate located on a surface of the boundary post web plate and arranged along the horizontal direction.

10. 2. The energy absorbing stud of claim 1, comprising two boundary posts, the energy absorbing plate being located between the two boundary posts, and each of the two boundary posts including two blade connection portions, the intermediate portion being located between the two blade connection portions.

Images