segment

Abstract

To enhance the load resistance of a segment, as well as, to reduce costs required for manufacturing.SOLUTION: A segment 1 comprises: a circular arc-shaped steel frame 2 which is formed into a box shape being open toward an inner peripheral side; flanges 10 protruding toward an inner side of the steel frame 2, and intermittently arranged along an opening 2a of the steel frame 2; and concrete 3 disposed on the inside of the steel frame 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a segment. [Background technology]

[0002] The most common tunnel construction method is the shield method, in which a shield machine is used to excavate the ground while arc-shaped segments are installed in the circumferential and axial directions behind it to construct a cylindrical tunnel wall (tubular wall).

[0003] Segments are broadly divided into concrete and steel, with the former concrete segments being strong in compression and the latter steel segments being strong in tension. A segment (composite segment) that combines the advantages of both concrete and steel segments is disclosed, for example, in Patent Document 1 listed below. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 3343090 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Generally, composite segments are made up of a steel frame covering five sides except the inner periphery, with concrete filled inside the steel frame. These segments have a high load-bearing capacity due to their composite structure made up of concrete that is strong in compression and steel that is strong in tension. However, in recent years, there has been a demand for even higher load-bearing capacity for segments and thinner tunnel walls.

[0006] Because composite segments are arc-shaped, abdominal pressure occurs in the main body, causing concrete to bulge from the inner periphery, making it difficult to maintain high load-bearing capacity. Also, because composite segments are filled with concrete, the dimensional precision of the steel frame is required to be the same as that of RC (reinforced concrete) segments, but producing steel frames with the same level of precision as RC segments is costly and labor-intensive, making it uneconomical.

[0007] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to improve the load-bearing performance of segments and reduce manufacturing costs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A segment according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises an arc-shaped steel frame formed in a box shape with an opening on the inner periphery, flanges that protrude inside the steel frame and are provided intermittently along the opening, and concrete poured inside the steel frame.

[0009] In the above-mentioned segment, the steel frame may be provided on the outer periphery and include a skin plate extending circumferentially, a pair of main girders provided on both sides of the skin plate in the width direction, and a pair of joint plates provided on both sides of the skin plate in the circumferential direction, and the flanges may be provided on at least the pair of main girders.

[0010] In the above segment, the flange comprises a first main girder side flange provided on one of the pair of main girders and a second main girder side flange provided on the other of the pair of main girders, and the steel frame may be provided with inter-main girder connecting steel material that connects the first main girder side flange and the second main girder side flange in the width direction.

[0011] In the above-described segment, the flanges may be further provided on the pair of joint plates.

[0012] In the above-mentioned segment, the flange may comprise a joint plate side first flange provided on one of the pair of joint plates and a joint plate side second flange provided on the other of the pair of joint plates, and the steel frame may be provided with a joint plate inter-plate connection steel material that connects the joint plate side first flange and the joint plate side second flange in the circumferential direction.

[0013] In the above-described segment, the flange may be formed in a flat plate shape, protrude inward from the steel frame, extend in the thickness direction of the steel frame, and include a reinforcing plate connected perpendicularly to the flange.

[0014] The above-mentioned segment may further include a pressing steel member that is arranged inside the steel frame and presses the reinforcing plate toward the outside of the steel frame.

[0015] In the above-mentioned segment, the reinforcing plate may have an inclined surface facing the inside of the steel frame, and the pressing steel may press the reinforcing plate toward the outside of the steel frame via the inclined surface. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to improve the load-bearing performance of the segment and reduce the manufacturing costs. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view showing a tunnel constructed with segments according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 2] 1 is a plan view of a segment according to a first embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the inner peripheral side. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a plan view of a segment according to a second embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the inner peripheral side. [Figure 5] 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4 taken along line V-V. [Figure 6] 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 4. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a plan view of a segment according to a third embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the inner peripheral side. [Figure 8] 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a widthwise cross-sectional view of a segment according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of a steel frame according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of a steel frame according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of a steel frame according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a view of a segment according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the inner peripheral side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0019] (First embodiment) FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a tunnel 100 constructed with segments 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the segment 1 is arc-shaped and forms part of a tunnel 100 to be constructed in a borehole, and is connected circumferentially and axially within the borehole to form a cylindrical wall 101 that constructs the tunnel 100 within the borehole.

[0020] A surface lining 102 is constructed on the inner periphery of the cylindrical wall 101. In addition, a backfill material 103 is arranged on the outer periphery of the cylindrical wall 101 to fill the gap between the cylindrical wall 101 and the excavated hole.

[0021] In the following, when a tunnel 100 is constructed using segment 1, the circumferential direction of the tunnel 100 will be referred to as the circumferential direction of segment 1, the axial direction of the tunnel 100 as the width direction of segment 1, and the radial direction of the tunnel 100 as the thickness direction of segment 1.

[0022] Fig. 2 is a plan view of the segment 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the inner circumferential side. Fig. 2 shows a state in which part of the concrete 3 of the segment 1 has been removed to improve visibility. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along III-III in Fig. 2. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the segment 1 is a composite segment including a steel frame 2 covering five sides except for the inner peripheral surface, and concrete 3 filled inside the steel frame 2.

[0023] The segment 1 comprises an arc-shaped steel frame 2 formed in a box shape with an opening on the inner periphery, flanges 10 that protrude inward from the steel frame 2 and are provided intermittently along the opening 2a of the steel frame 2, and concrete 3 poured inside the steel frame 2. The opening 2a of the steel frame 2, from which the concrete 3 is exposed, is formed by a pair of main girders 5 and a pair of joint plates 6, which will be described later.

[0024] As shown in Figure 2, the steel frame 2 has a skin plate 4 provided on the outer periphery, a pair of main girders 5 arranged on the sides of the skin plate 4, and a pair of joint plates 6 arranged at the ends of the skin plate 4, and multiple ribs 7 are provided between the pair of main girders 5.

[0025] The skin plate 4 is a member that comes into contact with the wall surface of the excavated hole when the tunnel is constructed, and has a curved plate shape that curves in the circumferential direction. The pair of main girders 5 are arranged parallel to each other, extending from both widthwise ends of the skin plate 4 toward the inside (inner circumferential side) in the thickness direction, and have a curved shape along the circumferential direction, just like the skin plate 4.

[0026] The pair of joint plates 6 are rectangular plates extending from both circumferential ends of the skin plate 4 toward the inside in the thickness direction (inner circumferential side), and are arranged between the pair of main girders 5 mentioned above. The skin plate 4, the pair of main girders 5, and the pair of joint plates 6 are connected to one another by welding.

[0027] Furthermore, a plurality of (three in this embodiment) insertion holes 5a are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction in the pair of main girders 5, through which joint members (not shown) that connect the segments 1 in the width direction are inserted. Furthermore, a plurality of insertion holes 6a are formed in the pair of joint plates 6, through which joint members (not shown) that connect the segments 1 in the circumferential direction are inserted.

[0028] The rib 7 is generally plate-shaped and extends in the width direction, with both ends fixed to a pair of main girders 5. The rib 7 is disposed with its plate surface facing the circumferential direction. The rib 7 is disposed between the pair of main girders 5 so that a gap is formed between the rib 7 and the skin plate 4.

[0029] The ribs 7 are provided in pairs at three locations: the circumferential center, one end (left side in Fig. 2), and the other end (right side in Fig. 2). Between the ribs 7 located at the circumferential center, the insertion holes 5a for the pair of main girders 5 described above and the injection holes 9 are arranged. The injection holes 9 penetrate the center of the skin plate 4 and are used to inject backfill material 103 (see Fig. 1) toward the outer periphery.

[0030] Between the ribs 7 located at one end in the circumferential direction, the insertion holes 5a of the pair of main girders 5 described above are arranged. Of the ribs 7, the rib 7 located on the one end side in the circumferential direction (left side in Figure 2) is provided with a pair of reinforcing ribs 8 spaced apart in the width direction. The reinforcing ribs 8 extend in the circumferential direction and connect the joint plate 6 and the rib 7.

[0031] Furthermore, the insertion holes 5a for the pair of main girders 5 described above are arranged between the ribs 7 located at the other circumferential end. Of the ribs 7, the rib 7 located on the other circumferential end side (left side in Figure 2) is provided with a pair of reinforcing ribs 8 spaced apart in the width direction. The reinforcing ribs 8 extend in the circumferential direction and connect the joint plate 6 and the rib 7.

[0032] The flanges 10 protrude inward from the above-described steel frame 2 and are provided intermittently along the openings 2a of the steel frame 2. The flanges 10 are formed in the shape of rectangular plates in the plan view shown in FIG. 2 and are arranged with the plate surface facing in the thickness direction. The flanges 10 of this embodiment are provided on each of the pair of main girders 5 and the pair of joint plates 6.

[0033] The flange 10 comprises a main girder-side first flange 10A provided on one of the pair of main girders 5, and a main girder-side second flange 10B provided on the other of the pair of main girders 5. The main girder-side first flange 10A and the main girder-side second flange 10B are arranged circumferentially spaced apart on both sides of the rib 7 located at the circumferential center.

[0034] The flange 10 also includes a joint plate-side first flange 10C provided on one of the pair of joint plates 6, and a joint plate-side second flange 10D provided on the other of the pair of joint plates 6. The joint plate-side first flange 10C and the joint plate-side second flange 10D are arranged at intervals in the width direction between the reinforcing ribs 8 that are arranged at intervals in the width direction.

[0035] With the segment 1 configured as described above, the flanges 10 protruding inward from the steel frame 2 serve as hooks (claws) that prevent the concrete 3 from bulging out due to abdominal pressure. This provides a restraining effect for the concrete 3, and high load-bearing capacity can be added to the segment 1. Furthermore, the flanges 10 are provided intermittently, and can reinforce areas where load-bearing capacity is required, which is more economical than increasing the load-bearing capacity and dimensional accuracy of the entire steel frame 2.

[0036] As described above, the segment 1 of the present embodiment comprises the arc-shaped steel frame 2 formed in a box shape with an opening on the inner periphery side, flanges 10 that protrude inward from the steel frame 2 and are provided intermittently along the openings 2a of the steel frame 2, and concrete 3 poured inside the steel frame 2. This configuration improves the load-bearing capacity of the segment 1 and reduces manufacturing costs.

[0037] In this embodiment, the steel frame 2 is provided on the outer periphery and includes a skin plate 4 extending in the circumferential direction, a pair of main girders 5 provided on both sides of the skin plate 4 in the width direction, and a pair of joint plates 6 provided on both sides of the skin plate 4 in the circumferential direction, and the flanges 10 are provided on at least one pair of main girders 5. According to this configuration, the flanges 10 provided on the pair of main girders 5 can effectively prevent the concrete 3 from bulging out due to abdominal pressure acting on the central part in the circumferential direction.

[0038] (Second embodiment) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, the same or equivalent components as those in the above-described embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be simplified or omitted.

[0039] Fig. 4 is a plan view of a segment 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the inner periphery. Fig. 4 shows a state in which part of the concrete 3 of the segment 1 has been removed to improve visibility. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in Fig. 4.

[0040] As shown in these figures, the steel frame 2 of the second embodiment is provided with inter-main girder connection steel members 11 that connect the main girder side first flange 10A and the main girder side second flange 10B in the width direction.

[0041] The connecting steel material 11 between the main girders is a reinforcing bar or a steel frame, and as shown in Fig. 4, both ends thereof are welded to the first flange 10A on the main girder side and the second flange 10B on the main girder side. As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the connecting steel material 11 between the main girders is welded to the surfaces facing the outer periphery of the first flange 10A on the main girder side and the second flange 10B on the main girder side, but it may also be welded to the surfaces facing the inner periphery.

[0042] According to the second embodiment having the above configuration, the flanges 10 that hook the concrete 3 are connected to each other with the inter-girder connection steel members 11, thereby further enhancing the restraining effect of the concrete 3 and adding high load-bearing performance to the segment 1. Furthermore, by connecting a pair of main girders 5 to each other with the inter-girder connection steel members 11, the inter-girder connection steel members 11 also function as shape-retaining members, improving the dimensional accuracy of the steel frame 2 and making it more economical.

[0043] (Third embodiment) Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, the same or equivalent components as those in the above-described embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be simplified or omitted.

[0044] Fig. 7 is a plan view of a segment 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the inner periphery. Fig. 7 shows a state in which part of the concrete 3 of the segment 1 has been removed to improve visibility. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in Fig. 7.

[0045] As shown in these figures, the steel frame 2 of the third embodiment is provided with a joint plate connection steel material 12 that connects the joint plate side first flange 10C and the joint plate side second flange 10D in the circumferential direction.

[0046] The joint plate connection steel material 12 is a reinforcing bar or a steel frame, and as shown in FIG. 7, both ends thereof are welded to the joint plate side first flange 10C and the joint plate side second flange 10D. The joint plate connection steel material 12 intersects with the main girder connection steel material 11. The joint plate connection steel material 12 may also be welded to the main girder connection steel material 11 at the intersection. The joint plate connection steel material 12 is arranged so as to be offset in position in the thickness direction from the main girder connection steel material 11, as shown in FIG. 8.

[0047] According to the third embodiment having the above configuration, the flanges 10 that hook the concrete 3 are further connected with the joint plate connection steel members 12, thereby further enhancing the restraining effect of the concrete 3 and imparting high load-bearing performance to the segment 1. Furthermore, by connecting a pair of joint plates 6 with the joint plate connection steel members 12, the joint plate connection steel members 12 also function as shape-retaining members, further improving the dimensional accuracy of the steel frame 2.

[0048] (Fourth embodiment) Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, the same or equivalent components as those in the above-described embodiments will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be simplified or omitted.

[0049] FIG. 9 is a widthwise cross-sectional view of a segment 1 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, a reinforcing plate 20 is connected to the flange 10 of the fourth embodiment, and the flange 10 has a T-shape when viewed from the width direction.

[0050] The reinforcing plate 20 is a steel plate or the like, which protrudes in the width direction from the inside of the steel frame 2 (a pair of main girders 5 in FIG. 9 ) and extends in the thickness direction of the steel frame 2, and is connected perpendicularly to the flat flange 10. The plate surface of the reinforcing plate 20 faces the circumferential direction. According to the fourth embodiment having the above configuration, the strength of the flange 10 is increased by the reinforcing plate 20, so that the effect of confining the concrete 3 can be further improved.

[0051] The above-described fourth embodiment may employ the following modified examples.

[0052] Fig. 10 is a widthwise cross-sectional view of a steel frame 2 according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The steel frame 2 shown in Fig. 10 is before the skin plates 4 are attached, and restraining jigs 30 are disposed on the widthwise outer sides of a pair of main girders 5.

[0053] 10 has a trapezoidal shape with an inclined surface 21 facing the inside of the steel frame 2. In addition, a pressing steel material 40 is arranged inside the steel frame 2 to press the reinforcing plate 20 toward the outside of the steel frame 2 (restraint jig 30).

[0054] The pressing steel material 40 is a reinforcing bar, steel frame, etc., and when pressed from the outer periphery of the steel frame 2, both ends 41 come into contact with the inclined surface 21, pressing the reinforcing plate 20 toward the outside of the steel frame 2 via the inclined surface 21.

[0055] Both end portions 41 of the pressed steel material 40 are tapered in the same manner as the inclined surfaces 21. In addition, both end portions 41 of the pressed steel material 40 are welded to the inclined surfaces 21 while pressing the reinforcing plate 20. With this configuration, the dimensional accuracy between the pair of main girders 5 can be improved when manufacturing the steel frame 2.

[0056] Fig. 11 is a widthwise cross-sectional view of a steel frame 2 according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The steel frame 2 shown in Fig. 11 has a skin plate 4 attached thereto, with the inner periphery facing upward. In this case, as shown in Fig. 11, the trapezoidal reinforcing plate 20 may have an inclined surface 21 that reverses the direction in which the pressing steel material 40 is pressed (from the inner periphery).

[0057] Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of a steel frame 2 according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 12, the reinforcing plate 20 may be provided on only one side in the width direction.

[0058] Fig. 13 is a plan view of a segment 1 according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the inner periphery. Note that Fig. 13 shows a state in which part of the concrete 3 of the segment 1 has been removed to improve visibility. As shown in Fig. 13, the connecting steel member 11 between the main girders may be formed by a pair of pressing steel members 11a, 11b arranged so as to overlap in the width direction.

[0059] The pair of pressing steel members 11a, 11b are joined together with tension stress applied in the width direction. A joint 11c is formed by spot welding or the like at the overlapping portion of the pair of pressing steel members 11a, 11b.

[0060] While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The shapes and combinations of the components shown in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements, etc., without departing from the spirit of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0061] 1...segment, 2...steel frame, 2a...opening, 3...concrete, 4...skin plate, 5...main girder, 6...joint plate, 10...flange, 10A...first flange on main girder side, 10B...second flange on main girder side, 10C...first flange on joint plate side, 10D...second flange on joint plate side, 11...connecting steel material between main girders, 12...connecting steel material between joint plates, 20...reinforcing plate, 21...inclined surface 21...pressing steel material

Claims

1. an arc-shaped steel frame formed in a box shape with an opening on the inner periphery side; a flange protruding inward from the steel frame and provided intermittently along the opening; and concrete poured inside the steel frame, The flange is formed in a flat plate shape and is arranged with the plate surface facing the thickness direction of the steel frame. A segment characterized by:

2. The steel frame is a skin plate provided on the outer circumferential side and extending in the circumferential direction; A pair of main girders provided on both sides of the skin plate in the width direction; a pair of joint plates provided on both sides of the skin plate in the circumferential direction, The segment according to claim 1 , wherein the flanges are provided on at least one of the pair of main spars.

3. The flange is a main girder-side first flange provided on one of the pair of main girders; a main girder-side second flange provided on the other of the pair of main girders, A segment as described in claim 2, characterized in that the steel frame is provided with a main girder-to-main girder connection steel member that connects the main girder side first flange and the main girder side second flange in the width direction.

4. The segment according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the flanges are further provided on the pair of joint plates.

5. The flange is a joint plate-side first flange provided on one of the pair of joint plates; a joint plate-side second flange provided on the other of the pair of joint plates, The segment according to claim 4, characterized in that the steel frame is provided with a joint plate-to-joint plate connection steel material that connects the joint plate side first flange and the joint plate side second flange in the circumferential direction.

6. A segment described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is provided with a reinforcing plate that protrudes inward from the steel frame, extends in the thickness direction of the steel frame, and is connected perpendicularly to the flange.

7. The segment according to claim 6, further comprising a pressing steel member disposed inside the steel frame and pressing the reinforcing plate toward the outside of the steel frame.

8. The reinforcing plate has an inclined surface facing the inside of the steel frame, The segment according to claim 7, wherein the pressing steel material presses the reinforcing plate toward the outside of the steel frame via the inclined surface.

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