Charge control method, charge control device and battery pack for performing the method

Abstract

To provide a charging control method capable of performing high-rate charging while enhancing a deterioration phenomenon caused by charging, and a charging control device and a battery pack performing the same.SOLUTION: A charging control device may include a storage device configured to store a battery model, a detection device configured to continuously detect an external state value including at least one of a voltage, a current, or a temperature of a battery, and a control device configured to control a charging current in real time by using a feedback loop system in which at least one state value indicating an internal state of the battery is estimated by using the battery model and the external state value, and a first charging current value is determined based on the estimated at least one internal state value.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a charge control method, and a charge control device and battery pack that perform the method. [Background technology]

[0002] Secondary batteries differ from primary batteries, which only provide irreversible conversion of chemicals into electrical energy, in that they can be repeatedly charged and discharged. Low-capacity secondary batteries are used as power sources for small electronic devices such as cell phones, laptops, and car clocks, while high-capacity secondary batteries are used as power sources for hybrid vehicles and other vehicles.

[0003] Generally, a secondary battery cell includes an electrode assembly including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive and negative electrodes, a case that houses the electrode assembly, and electrode terminals that are electrically connected to the electrode assembly. An electrolyte solution is injected into the case to enable charging and discharging of the battery cell through electrochemical reactions between the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte solution. The shape of the case, such as cylindrical or rectangular, varies depending on the application of the battery cell.

[0004] Battery cells can be connected in series and / or parallel to each other to form a battery module with high energy density, and a battery pack can be configured to include one or more such battery modules depending on the required specifications.

[0005] The main charging methods for secondary battery cells are constant current (CC), constant voltage (CV), constant power (CP), constant current constant voltage (CCCV), etc. These methods are charge control methods based on the external conditions of the secondary battery, such as current, voltage, and power, and have limitations in improving deterioration due to charging of the secondary battery.

[0006] Degradation due to charging is one of the main factors that shorten the lifespan of secondary batteries. Therefore, in order to extend the lifespan of secondary batteries, it is necessary to suppress this degradation due to charging. One method to reduce degradation due to charging is to charge the secondary battery at a low current rate while maintaining the battery at an appropriate temperature. However, in recent years, with the increasing demand for high-speed charging, there is a need for charging technology that can minimize battery degradation while charging at a high current rate. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The embodiment provides a charge control method that enables high-rate charging while improving deterioration caused by charging, and a charge control device and battery pack that perform this method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a charging control device may include a storage device for storing a battery model, a detection device for continuously detecting external state values ​​including at least one of a battery voltage, a battery current, and a battery temperature, and a control device for controlling a charging current in real time using a feedback loop to estimate at least one state value indicating an internal state of the battery using the battery model and the external state value, and to determine a first charging current value based on the estimated at least one internal state value.

[0009] The control device may determine the first charging current value so that the at least one internal state value converges to a preset target value, and control the charging current based on the determined first charging current value.

[0010] In the charge control device, the target value may be set to a boundary value between a high degradation region and a low degradation region, which are divided based on the internal state of the battery.

[0011] If the internal state is a negative electrode potential, the target value can be set to a value greater than zero.

[0012] If the internal state is a positive electrode potential, the target value may be set to a value smaller than the operating region voltage of a battery cell constituting the battery.

[0013] The battery model may be an electrochemical model that models the internal state of a secondary battery cell having the same specifications as the battery.

[0014] The control device can determine, for each of a plurality of internal state values ​​estimated using the battery model, a second charging current value for converging the plurality of internal state values ​​to the target value, and determine, as the first charging current value, a current value that satisfies all of the second charging current values. The second charging current value can be set within a predetermined current range.

[0015] The control device is a charging control device that determines a second charging current value for each of a plurality of internal state values ​​estimated using the battery model to converge to the target value, and determines the first charging current value by sequentially referring to the second charging current values ​​corresponding to the plurality of internal state values ​​in accordance with a processing order determined based on a preset priority.

[0016] The control device includes one or more controllers capable of the feedback loop control, and the controllers are configured to perform at least one control function of P (proportional) control, I (integral) control, and D (differential) control.

[0017] The control device may communicate with a charger and transmit the first charging current value to the charger to control the charging current in real time.

[0018] A battery pack according to one embodiment may include a battery and a charge controller including at least one of the features described above.

[0019] In the battery pack, the control device may be a battery management system of the battery pack.

[0020] According to one embodiment, a method for controlling charging of a battery pack may include detecting an external state value including at least one of a voltage, a current, and a temperature of a battery; estimating at least one state value indicating an internal state of the battery using a battery model and the external state value; determining a first charging current value based on the estimated at least one internal state value; controlling a charging current of a charger in real time based on the first charging current value; and repeatedly performing the detecting, estimating, determining, and controlling steps while charging of the battery pack is in progress.

[0021] The determining the first charging current value may determine the first charging current value such that the at least one internal state value converges to a preset target value.

[0022] The target value is set to correspond to a boundary value between a high deterioration region and a low deterioration region, which are divided based on the internal state of the battery.

[0023] The internal state may include at least one of a negative electrode potential, a positive electrode potential, and a positive electrode concentration.

[0024] The battery model may be an electrochemical model that models the internal state of a secondary battery cell having the same specifications as the battery.

[0025] The step of determining the first charging current value may include determining a second charging current value for each of a plurality of internal state values ​​estimated using the battery model to converge to the target value, and determining a current value that satisfies all of the second charging current values ​​as the first charging current value. The second charging current value may be set within a predetermined current range.

[0026] The step of determining the first charging current value may include a step of determining a second charging current value for each of a plurality of internal state values ​​estimated using the battery model to converge to the target value, and a step of determining the first charging current value by sequentially referring to the second charging current values ​​corresponding to the plurality of internal state values ​​according to a processing order determined based on a preset priority. [Effects of the Invention]

[0027] According to the embodiment, there is an effect of increasing the charging speed while minimizing deterioration of the battery pack. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0028] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a battery pack charging system according to one embodiment. [Figure 2] 1 illustrates a charging control method for a battery pack according to an embodiment. [Figure 3] 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery pack charging system according to another embodiment. [Figure 4] 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for controlling charging of a battery pack according to another embodiment. [Figure 5] 10 is a diagram for explaining the effect of a charge control method according to an embodiment; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Hereinafter, functions and effects of the embodiments of the present invention and methods for realizing the same will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same elements, and redundant description will be omitted. However, the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided as examples so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the aspects and features of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0030] Therefore, processes, elements, and techniques that are not deemed necessary for a person skilled in the art to fully understand the aspects and features of the present invention may not be described. In the drawings, the relative sizes of elements, layers, and regions may be exaggerated for clarity.

[0031] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Also, when describing embodiments of the present invention, the use of "may" means "one or more embodiments of the present invention." In the following description of embodiments of the present invention, terms in the singular can include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0032] Although terms including ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," and "third" are used to describe various elements, it should be understood that these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be named a second element, and similarly, a second element could be named the first element without departing from the scope of the present invention. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Phrases such as "at least one," preceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements, not individual elements of the list.

[0033] As used herein, the terms "substantially," "about," and similar terms are used as terms of approximation, not as terms of degree, to describe inherent deviations in measured or calculated values ​​that are recognizable by a person of ordinary skill in the art. Also, when the term "substantially" is used in conjunction with a characteristic that can be expressed using a numerical value, the term "substantially" indicates a range of + / - 5% of the value around that numerical value.

[0034] When a component or layer is described as being "on," "coupled," or "bonded" to another component or layer, "on," "coupled," and "bonded" include both direct and one or more intervening components or layers. Also, when a component or layer is described as being "between" two components or layers, it should be understood that there may be one or more intervening components or layers between the two components or layers.

[0035] Electrically connecting two components includes not only directly connecting the two components but also connecting the two components via another component between them. The other component may include a switch, a resistor, a capacitor, etc. In describing the embodiments, the term "connect" means electrically connecting unless there is an expression that the two components are directly connected.

[0036] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack charging system according to one embodiment.

[0037] Referring to FIG. 1, a charging system for a battery pack 1a according to one embodiment may include a charge control device included in the battery pack 1a and a charger 2 external to the battery pack 1a.

[0038] The battery pack 1a may include a battery 10 and a charge controller.

[0039] Battery 10 may include at least one secondary battery cell.

[0040] The charging control device may include a storage device 21 , a detection device 22 , and a control device 23 .

[0041] The storage device 21 can store a program for operating the charge control device, various data to be processed by the charge control device, and the like.

[0042] The storage device 21 can store an electrochemical model (hereinafter referred to as a "battery model") that models the internal state of a secondary battery cell having the same specifications as the battery cells that constitute the battery 10. For example, the storage device 21 can store the battery model in the form of a table in which the external state (e.g., current, cell voltage, temperature, etc.) of the secondary battery cell is subdivided and the internal state (e.g., cathode potential, anode potential, cathode concentration, etc.) of the secondary battery cell calculated using the battery model is mapped for each state. Furthermore, for example, the storage device 21 can also store the battery model of the secondary battery cell in the form of a function that receives as input a state value indicating the external state (e.g., current, voltage, temperature, etc.) of the secondary battery cell and outputs a state value indicating the internal state (e.g., cathode potential, anode potential, concentration, etc.) of the secondary battery cell.

[0043] The storage device 21 can store an internal state target value that serves as a reference for controlling the internal state of the battery 10 during charging so that it does not progress into a region of high charge degradation. A region where charge degradation is relatively low (hereinafter referred to as a "low degradation region") and a region where charge degradation is relatively high (hereinafter referred to as a "high degradation region") based on the internal state of the battery 10 are confirmed in advance based on simulations, experiments, etc. of secondary battery cells having the same specifications as the secondary battery cells constituting the battery 10. The internal state target value stored in the storage device 21 can be defined as the internal state value immediately before the internal state of the battery 10 progresses into the high degradation region based on the previously confirmed low degradation region and high degradation region, i.e., a boundary value for distinguishing the low degradation region from the high degradation region. For example, if the internal state factor of the battery 10 is a negative electrode potential, the internal state target value can be set to a value greater than 0. Also, for example, if the internal state factor of the battery 10 is a positive electrode potential, the internal state target value can be set to a value smaller than the operating region voltage of the battery cell. Also, for example, if the internal state factor of the battery 10 is the positive electrode concentration, the internal state target value can be set to a value smaller than (maximum concentration value×30%).

[0044] The low degradation region and high degradation region of the battery 10 can vary depending on the degree of degradation of the battery 10. Therefore, the storage device 21 can subdivide the degree of degradation of the battery 10 based on the life model of the battery 10, and map and store the internal state target value that serves as a reference for controlling the internal state of the battery 10 so that it does not progress to the high degradation region for each degree of degradation.

[0045] The detection device 22 monitors the state of the battery cells constituting the battery 10 and can continuously detect the external state of the battery 10, such as the voltage (cell voltage), current, and temperature. Every time the detection device 22 detects the external state of the battery 10, it can transmit a state value (S1) of the detected external state to the control device 23.

[0046] The control device 23 estimates the internal state of the battery 10 based on the external state value (S1) received from the detection device 22 and the pre-stored battery model, and controls the charging current of the charger 2 in real time using a feedback loop so that the estimated internal state of the battery 10 converges to the pre-stored internal state target value (S3).

[0047] The control device 23 may include a battery model unit 231 and a control unit 232 .

[0048] When the battery model unit 231 receives the external state value (S1) of the battery 10 from the detection device 22, the battery model unit 231 can estimate the internal state of the battery 10 corresponding to the received external state value (S1) using a pre-stored battery model. The battery model is generated by modeling the electrochemical characteristics of one secondary battery cell. Therefore, if the battery 10 includes multiple battery cells, the battery model unit 231 can estimate an internal state representative of the internal states of the battery cells constituting the battery 10 using average external state values ​​(average cell voltage, average current, average temperature, etc.) of the multiple battery cells or external state values ​​(cell voltage, current, temperature, etc.) of a representative cell selected from the multiple battery cells. For example, the battery model unit 231 can select a weak cell with the greatest degree of degradation among the multiple battery cells as a representative cell and input the external state value detected for the selected weak cell into the battery model to estimate the internal state of the battery 10.

[0049] The battery model unit 231 can select one of the internal state factors that can be estimated using the battery model as a control factor for controlling the charging current, and output the internal state value (S2) of the selected control factor to the control unit 232. The battery model unit 231 can select, as the control factor, a factor that can identify the degree of charging deterioration of the battery cell, such as a positive electrode potential, a negative electrode potential, or a concentration, from the internal state factors of the battery 10 that can be estimated using the battery model.

[0050] The control unit 232 continuously receives the internal state value (S2) corresponding to the control factor from the battery model unit 231, and based on the received internal state value (S2) controls the charging current in real time using a feedback loop method so that the internal state of the battery 10 converges to the preset internal state target value (S3). That is, every time the control unit 232 receives the internal state value (S2) corresponding to the control factor from the battery model unit 231, the control unit 232 repeatedly controls the charging current in real time in a direction in which the received internal state value (S2) converges to the corresponding internal state target value (S3), thereby maintaining the internal state of the battery 10 in a state immediately before entering the high degradation region.

[0051] The control unit 232 can communicate with the charger 2 through CAN (controller area network) communication, etc. When the control unit 232 determines a charging current value in a direction in which the internal state value (S2) of the control factor converges to the corresponding internal state target value (S3), the control unit 232 transmits the determined current value to the charger 2 in real time, thereby controlling the charging current applied from the charger 2 to the battery 10 in real time.

[0052] The control device 23 is implemented by a battery management system (BMS) of the battery pack 1 a. The control unit 232 is capable of feedback loop control and is implemented by one or more controllers configured to perform at least one control function of P (proportional) control, I (integral) control, and D (differential) control.

[0053] 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for controlling charging of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can be performed by the control device 23 described with reference to FIG.

[0054] Referring to FIG. 2, when charging of the battery 10 starts (S11), the control device 23 can acquire external state values ​​(current, cell voltage, temperature, etc.) of the battery cells constituting the battery 10 through the detection device 22 (S12).

[0055] When the external state values ​​are acquired, the control device 23 can estimate internal state values ​​corresponding to the control factors of the battery 10 (negative electrode potential, positive electrode potential, concentration, etc.) based on the battery model (S13). In addition, the control device 23 determines a charging current value of the charger 2 so that the internal state values ​​of the estimated control factors converge to the corresponding internal state target values ​​(S14), and can use this to control the charging current of the charger 2 in real time (S15).

[0056] The control device 23 repeats the above-mentioned steps S12 to S15 until charging of the battery 10 is completed (S16), thereby maintaining the internal state of the battery cell at a state immediately before entering the high deterioration region.

[0057] 3 is a schematic diagram of a charging system for a battery pack according to another embodiment. In the following description of the components constituting the charging system according to another embodiment, redundant description of the same components as those constituting the charging system of FIG. 1 may be omitted.

[0058] Referring to FIG. 3, a charging system for a battery pack 1b according to an embodiment may include a charge control device included in the battery pack 1b and a charger 2 external to the battery pack 1b.

[0059] The battery pack 1b may include a battery 10 and a charge controller.

[0060] Battery 10 may include at least one secondary battery cell.

[0061] The charging control device may include a storage device 21 , a detection device 22 , and a control device 23 .

[0062] The storage device 21 can store the battery model in the form of a table, a function, etc. The battery model is an electrochemical model that models the internal state of a secondary battery cell having the same specifications as the battery cells that constitute the battery 10.

[0063] The storage device 21 can store an internal state target value that serves as a reference for controlling the internal state of the battery 10 during charging so that it does not progress into a region where charging degradation is high. The storage device 21 can use a battery model to map and store corresponding internal state target values ​​for multiple control factors selected from estimable internal state factors. The storage device 21 can subdivide the degradation level of the battery 10 based on a life model of the battery 10, and map and store internal state target values ​​for multiple control factors for each degradation level.

[0064] The detection device 22 continuously detects the external state (voltage (cell voltage), current, temperature, etc.) of the battery 10 and can transmit the detected external state value (S1) to the control device 23.

[0065] The control device 23 estimates the internal state of the battery 10 based on the external state value (S1) received from the detection device 22 and the pre-stored battery model, and can control the charging current of the charger 2 in real time using a feedback loop method so that the estimated internal state of the battery 10 converges to the pre-stored internal state target value (S3).

[0066] The control device 23 may include a battery model unit 231 , a plurality of control units 232 - 1 , 232 - 2 , 232 - 3 , and a charging current control unit 233 .

[0067] When the battery model unit 231 receives the external state value (S1) of the battery 10 from the detection device 22, it can estimate the internal state of the battery 10 corresponding to the received external state value (S1) by using a pre-stored battery model. If the battery 10 includes a plurality of battery cells, the battery model unit 231 can estimate the internal state of the battery 10 by using the average external state values ​​(average cell voltage, average current, average temperature, etc.) of the plurality of battery cells or the external state values ​​(cell voltage, current, temperature, etc.) of a representative cell selected from the plurality of battery cells.

[0068] The battery model unit 231 can select a plurality of control factors from among the internal state factors that can be estimated using the battery model as control factors for controlling the charging current, and output the internal state values ​​(S21, S22, S23) of the selected control factors to the plurality of control units 232-1, 232-2, 232-3, respectively. For example, the battery model unit 231 can select the positive electrode potential, the negative electrode potential, and the positive electrode concentration from among the internal state factors of the battery 10 that can be estimated using the battery model, as the control factors.

[0069] Each of the control units 232-1, 232-2, and 232-3 continuously receives internal state values ​​(S21, S22, and S23) corresponding to each control factor from the battery model unit 231, and can determine a charging current value for converging the internal state of the battery 10 to a preset internal state target value (S31, S32, and S33) based on the received internal state values. Each of the control units 232-1, 232-2, and 232-3 can transmit information about the determined charging current value to the charging current control unit 233. The charging current value transmitted from each of the control units 232-1, 232-2, and 232-3 to the charging current control unit 233 may include a single value or information about a predetermined current range defined by an upper limit value and a lower limit value.

[0070] When the charging current control unit 233 receives information about the charging current value from each of the control units 232-1, 232-2, and 232-3, it can control the charging current of the charger 2 in real time based on the information.

[0071] The charging current control unit 233 can determine a charging current value that simultaneously satisfies the charging current values ​​received from each control unit 232-1, 232-2, and 232-3, and use this to control the charging current of the charger 2. That is, the charging current control unit 233 can detect an overlapping portion between current regions indicated by the charging current values ​​received from each control unit 232-1, 232-2, and 232-3, and determine a charging current value for controlling the charger 2 in the detected overlapping portion.

[0072] The charging current control unit 233 can assign different priorities to multiple control factors. For example, the charging current control unit 233 can assign a higher priority to each control factor that is more sensitive to changes in the charging current. The charging current control unit 233 can determine a processing order for the charging current values ​​received from the control units 232-1, 232-2, and 232-3 based on the priorities, and control the charging current of the charger 2 using a series control method in which each charging current value is referenced in sequence according to the determined processing order.

[0073] The charging current control unit 233 can communicate with the charger 2 through CAN communication or the like. The charging current control unit 233 can control the charging current applied from the charger 2 to the battery 10 in real time by transmitting the finally determined charging current value to the charger 2 in real time.

[0074] The control device 23 is implemented by a battery management system (BMS) of the battery pack 1b. The control units 232-1, 232-2, and 232-3 are implemented by one or more controllers capable of feedback loop control and configured to perform at least one control function of P (proportional) control, I (integral) control, and D (differential) control.

[0075] 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for controlling charging of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is performed by the control device 23 described with reference to FIG.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 4, when charging of the battery 10 starts (S21), the control device 23 can acquire external state values ​​(current, cell voltage, temperature, etc.) of the battery cells constituting the battery 10 through the detection device 22 (S22).

[0077] Once the external state values ​​are acquired, the control device 23 can estimate internal state values ​​corresponding to each of a plurality of control factors of the battery 10 (e.g., negative electrode potential, positive electrode potential, and concentration) based on the battery model (S23). Furthermore, the control device 23 can determine, for each of the plurality of control factors, a charging current value that causes the internal state value estimated for each of the plurality of control factors to converge to the corresponding internal state target value (S24). Once the charging current values ​​corresponding to each of the plurality of control factors have been determined, the control device 23 can determine a final charging current value to be used for charging current control of the charger 2 based on these charging current values ​​(S25).

[0078] In step S25, the control device 23 can determine a charging current value that simultaneously satisfies all of the control factors as the final charging current value. That is, the control device 23 can detect an overlapping portion between current regions indicated by the charging current values ​​corresponding to the control factors, and determine a final charging current value for controlling the charger 2 based on the detected overlapping portion.

[0079] In step S25, the control device 23 may select a charging current value corresponding to each control factor as a final charging current value for sequentially controlling the charger 2 based on the priorities assigned to the multiple control factors.

[0080] Once the final charging current value is determined, the control device 23 can use it to control the charging current of the charger 2 in real time (S26).

[0081] The control device 23 repeats the above-mentioned steps S22 to S26 until charging of the battery 10 is completed (S27), thereby maintaining the internal state of the battery cell at a state immediately before entering the high deterioration region.

[0082] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the charge control method according to the embodiment.

[0083] 5, the conventional step charging method, which is performed in a feedforward manner, has the disadvantage that it is difficult to precisely control the charging current. In contrast, the above-described embodiment uses a feedback loop method to control the charging current in real time according to fluctuations in the internal state of the battery 10.

[0084] In addition, the charging time can be shortened by controlling the charging current just before the battery enters the high degradation region as in Example 1. Furthermore, by controlling the charging current in a region that is lower by a predetermined margin than the charging current value calculated using the feedback loop method as in Example 2, the peak charging current can be reduced even if the charging time is the same as that of the step charging method, and a longer lifespan can be secured in the long term compared to the step charging method.

[0085] Electronic or electrical devices according to embodiments described herein, and / or any other related devices or components, may be implemented using any suitable hardware, firmware (e.g., application-specific integrated circuits), software, or a combination of software, firmware, and hardware. For example, various components of these devices may be formed on a single integrated circuit (IC) chip or on separate IC chips. Also, various components of these devices may be embodied on a flexible printed circuit film, a tape carrier package (TCP), a printed circuit board (PCB), or a single substrate. The electrical connections or interconnections described herein may be embodied, for example, by traces or conductive elements on a PCB or other type of circuit carrier. The conductive elements may include, for example, metallization, such as surface metallization, and / or pins, and may include conductive polymers or ceramics. Electrical energy may also be transferred wirelessly, for example, using electromagnetic radiation or light.

[0086] Additionally, the various components of these devices may be processes or threads running on one or more processors, executing within one or more computing devices, executing computer program instructions, and interacting with other system components to perform the various functions described herein. The computer program instructions are stored in memory embodied in the computing device using standard memory devices, such as random access memory (RAM). The computer program instructions may also be stored on other non-transitory computer-readable media, such as CD-ROMs, flash drives, etc.

[0087] Additionally, those skilled in the art should recognize that the functionality of various computing devices may be combined or integrated into a single computing device, or the functionality of a particular computing device may be distributed across one or more other computing devices without departing from the scope of exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0088] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention defined in the following claims also fall within the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0089] 1 battery pack 2 charger 10 Battery 21 Enclosure 22 Detection device 23 Control device 231 Battery Model Section 232, 232-1, 232-2, 232-3 control section 233 Charging current control section

Claims

1. a storage device for storing the battery model; a detection device for continuously detecting an external state value including at least one of a voltage, a current, and a temperature of the battery; and a control device that estimates at least one state value indicating an internal state of the battery using the battery model and the external state value, and controls the charging current in real time using a feedback loop method that determines a first charging current value based on the estimated at least one internal state value; Including, the control device determines the first charging current value so that the at least one internal state value converges to a preset target value, and controls the charging current using the determined first charging current value; The control device determines a second charging current value for each of a plurality of internal state values ​​estimated using the battery model to converge to the target value, and determines the first charging current value by sequentially referring to the second charging current values ​​corresponding to the plurality of internal state values ​​in accordance with a processing order determined based on a preset priority.

2. The charge control device according to claim 1 , wherein the target value corresponds to a boundary value between a high deterioration region and a low deterioration region, which are divided based on an internal state of the battery.

3. The charge control device according to claim 2 , wherein if the internal state is a negative electrode potential, the target value is set to a value greater than 0.

4. 3. The charge control device according to claim 2, wherein if the internal state is a positive electrode potential, the target value is set to a value smaller than an operating region voltage of a battery cell that constitutes the battery.

5. The charge control device according to claim 1 , wherein the battery model is an electrochemical model that models the internal state of a secondary battery cell having the same specifications as the battery.

6. A storage device for storing a battery model; a detection device for continuously detecting an external state value including at least one of a voltage, a current, and a temperature of the battery; and a control device that estimates at least one state value indicating an internal state of the battery using the battery model and the external state value, and controls the charging current in real time using a feedback loop method that determines a first charging current value based on the estimated at least one internal state value; Including, the control device determines the first charging current value so that the at least one internal state value converges to a preset target value, and controls the charging current using the determined first charging current value; the control device determines, for each of a plurality of internal state values ​​estimated using the battery model, a second charging current value for converging to the target value, and determines, as the first charging current value, a current value that satisfies all of the second charging current values; The second charging current value is set within a predetermined current range.

7. the control device includes one or more controllers capable of the feedback loop control; The charge control device according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to perform at least one control function of a proportional (P) control, an integral (I) control, and a differential (D) control.

8. The charge control device according to claim 1 , wherein the control device communicates with a charger and transmits the first charging current value to the charger to control the charging current in real time.

9. Battery, and A battery pack comprising the charge control device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The battery pack of claim 9 , wherein the control device is a battery management system of the battery pack.

11. A method for controlling charging of a battery pack, comprising: detecting an external condition value including at least one of a voltage, a current, and a temperature of the battery; estimating at least one state value indicative of an internal state of the battery using a battery model and the external state value; determining a first charging current value based on the estimated at least one internal state value; controlling the charging current of a charger in real time using the first charging current value; and repeating the detecting, estimating, determining, and controlling steps while charging of the battery pack is in progress; Including, The step of determining the first charging current value comprises: determining the first charging current value so that the at least one internal state value converges to a predetermined target value; determining the first charging current value so that the at least one internal state value converges to the target value, determining a second charging current value for each of a plurality of internal state values ​​estimated using the battery model to cause the internal state values ​​to converge to the target value; and a step of determining the first charging current value by sequentially referring to the second charging current values ​​corresponding to the plurality of internal state values ​​according to a processing order determined based on a preset priority;

12. The charge control method according to claim 11 , wherein the target value corresponds to a boundary value between a high deterioration region and a low deterioration region, which are divided based on an internal state of the battery.

13. The charge control method according to claim 11 , wherein the internal state includes at least one of a negative electrode potential, a positive electrode potential, and a positive electrode concentration.

14. The charge control method according to claim 11 , wherein the battery model is an electrochemical model that models an internal state of a secondary battery cell having the same specifications as the battery.

15. A method for controlling charging of a battery pack, comprising: detecting an external condition value including at least one of a voltage, a current, and a temperature of the battery; estimating at least one state value indicative of an internal state of the battery using a battery model and the external state value; determining a first charging current value based on the estimated at least one internal state value; controlling the charging current of a charger in real time using the first charging current value; and repeating the detecting, estimating, determining, and controlling steps while charging of the battery pack is in progress; Including, The step of determining the first charging current value comprises: determining the first charging current value so that the at least one internal state value converges to a predetermined target value; determining the first charging current value so that the at least one internal state value converges to the target value, determining a second charging current value for each of a plurality of internal state values ​​estimated using the battery model to cause the internal state values ​​to converge to the target value; and determining, as the first charging current value, a current value that satisfies all of the second charging current values ​​determined for the plurality of internal state values, The second charging current value is set within a predetermined current range.

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