Charging / discharging system and charging / discharging method

Abstract

In order to provide corresponding battery charging / discharging and battery protection functions, etc., different charging / discharging systems need to be designed. [Solution] In a charge / discharge system comprising a battery module detection circuit, a charge / discharge controller and a microcontroller, the method involves having the battery module detection circuit receive a detection signal from the battery module, generate a battery type determination signal and a deep discharge detection signal based on the detection signal, and have the microcontroller control the charge / discharge controller to perform charging or discharging operations on the battery module, and if it is determined that the battery module is a first battery type based on the battery type determination signal, perform a deep discharge protection function based on the deep discharge detection signal, and stop the deep discharge protection function if it is determined that the battery module is a second battery type.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a system, and more particularly to a charging / discharging system and a charging / discharging method. [Background technology]

[0002] A general charging / discharging device cannot be applied to energy storage devices of different battery types, and even if a charging / discharging device can be applied to energy storage devices of different battery types, existing methods require different charging / discharging systems to be designed to provide corresponding battery charging / discharging and battery protection functions, and therefore cannot be arbitrarily interchanged between energy storage devices of different battery types. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] The present invention provides a charging / discharging system and a charging / discharging method that can be applied to the charging / discharging operations of battery modules of different battery types. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] The charging / discharging system of the present invention includes a battery module detection circuit, a charge / discharge controller, and a microcontroller. The battery module detection circuit is coupled to the battery module and is used to receive a detection signal from the battery module, and generates a battery type determination signal and a deep discharge detection signal based on the detection signal. The charge / discharge controller is coupled to the battery module detection circuit and the battery module. The microcontroller is coupled to the battery module detection circuit and the charge / discharge controller and is used to control the charging or discharging operation of the battery module via the charge / discharge controller. If the microcontroller determines that the battery module is a first battery type based on the battery type determination signal, the microcontroller controls the charge / discharge controller to perform a deep discharge protection function based on the deep discharge detection signal. If the microcontroller determines that the battery module is a second battery type based on the battery type determination signal, the microcontroller controls the charge / discharge controller to stop the deep discharge protection function.

[0005] The charging / discharging method of the present invention includes the steps of receiving a detection signal of the battery module by a battery module detection circuit and generating a battery type determination signal and a deep discharge detection signal based on the detection signal; controlling a charge / discharge controller by a microcontroller to perform a charging operation or a discharging operation of the battery module; if the microcontroller determines that the battery module is a first battery type based on the battery type determination signal, controlling the charge / discharge controller by the microcontroller based on the deep discharge detection signal to perform a deep discharge protection function; and if the microcontroller determines that the battery module is a second battery type based on the battery type determination signal, controlling the charge / discharge controller by the microcontroller to stop the deep discharge protection function. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] Based on the above, the charging / discharging system and method of the present invention can automatically determine the battery type of the battery module and support the charging / discharging operations of the battery modules of different battery types. The charging / discharging system and method of the present invention can also determine whether to provide a deep discharge protection function based on the battery modules of different battery types.

[0007] In order to make the above features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable, the following embodiments are shown and described in detail with reference to the drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a charge / discharge system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a charge / discharge method according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] 1 is a schematic diagram of a charge / discharge system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a circuit diagram of a battery module detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 5] 1 is a circuit diagram of a temperature detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a charging protection function according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a discharge protection function according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the following embodiments are presented as examples in which the present invention may be practiced. Furthermore, wherever possible, parts / components / steps in the drawings and embodiments use the same reference numerals to represent the same or similar components.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charging / discharging system according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the charging / discharging system 100 includes a microcontroller (MCU) 110, a battery module detection circuit 120, and a charge / discharge controller 130. The microcontroller 110 is coupled to the battery module detection circuit 120 and the charge / discharge controller 130. The battery module detection circuit 120 is further coupled to a battery module 200. The charge / discharge controller 130 is further coupled to the battery module 200. The battery module 200 may include one or more battery packs. In this embodiment, the charging / discharging system 100 supports charging / discharging of battery modules of a first battery type and a second battery type. In one embodiment, the first battery type may be a lithium-ion battery and the second battery type may be a lithium-ion super capacitor, although the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the charging / discharging system 100 may support other battery types or two or more battery types.

[0011] In this embodiment, the charging / discharging system 100 may be a power control unit, and the connection interface of the charging / discharging system 100 includes a plurality of pins. At least one of the plurality of pins of the charging / discharging system 100 may be coupled to a positive electrode of a battery of the battery module 200, and at least one of the plurality of pins of the charging / discharging system 100 may be coupled to a negative electrode of a battery of the battery module 200. One of the plurality of pins of the charging / discharging system 100 may also acquire a detection signal S_DET of the battery module 200. In one embodiment, the charging / discharging system 100 may also acquire a temperature detection voltage of the battery module 200 via another of the plurality of pins.

[0012] In this embodiment, the battery module detection circuit 120 can detect the battery type of the battery module 200, and the microcontroller 110 can perform charging and discharging operations of the battery module 200 based on the battery type of the battery module 200. In this embodiment, the charging and discharging system 100 can also provide different charging and discharging functions based on the battery type of the battery module 200. In one embodiment, the charging and discharging system 100 can detect at least one of the battery voltage and battery temperature of the battery module 200, and can thereby provide a corresponding charging protection function, a discharging protection function, and / or a deep-discharge protection function according to at least one of the battery voltage and the battery temperature.

[0013] FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a charging / discharging method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the charging / discharging system 100 of FIG. 1 can execute the following steps S210 to S240. In step S210, the battery module detection circuit 120 receives a detection signal S_DET from the battery module 200 and generates a battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU and a deep discharge detection signal V_DDTH based on the detection signal S_DET. The battery module detection circuit 120 can output the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU to the microcontroller 110 and the deep discharge detection signal V_DDTH to the charge / discharge controller 130. In step S220, the microcontroller 110 can control the charge / discharge controller 130 to perform a charging operation or a discharging operation of the battery module 200. In the charging operation and the discharging operation, the microcontroller 110 can provide a charging protection function and a discharging protection function, respectively.

[0014] In this embodiment, the microcontroller 110 can output a control signal S_CHG_ON to the charge / discharge controller 130, thereby controlling the charge / discharge controller 130 to perform a charging operation on the battery module 200. The charge / discharge controller 130 can provide an output voltage V_OUT to the battery module 200. When charging of the battery module 200 is completed, the charge / discharge controller 130 can further output a charge completion signal S_CHG_OFF to the microcontroller 110, thereby causing the microcontroller 110 to stop the charging operation and perform related overcurrent protection operations.

[0015] In one embodiment, the charging / discharging system 100 can also operate the battery module 200 to supply power to an external electronic device, such as a data storage device, a mobile device, an industrial control device, an in-vehicle device, or other consumer electronic products, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The microcontroller 110 can also control the charging / discharging controller 130 to discharge the battery module 200, thereby supplying power to the external electronic device. In another embodiment, the microcontroller 110 can control the battery module 200 and can be coupled to a discharge circuit, which can include a DC-to-DC converter and can be used to supply power to the external electronic device.

[0016] In step S230, if the microcontroller 110 determines that the battery module 200 is the first battery type based on the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU, the microcontroller 110 performs the deep discharge protection function by controlling the charge / discharge controller 130 based on the deep discharge detection signal V_DDTH. In step S240, if the microcontroller 110 determines that the battery module 200 is the second battery type based on the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU, the microcontroller 110 stops the deep discharge protection function by controlling the charge / discharge controller 130.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first battery type may be a lithium-ion battery, and the second battery type may be a lithium-ion supercapacitor. If the microcontroller 110 determines that the battery module 200 is a lithium-ion battery based on the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU, the charge / discharge controller 130 provides a deep-discharge protection function based on the deep-discharge detection signal V_DDTH. The deep-discharge protection function refers to performing an additional pre-charging operation on the battery module 200 belonging to the first battery type to prevent the battery from being damaged due to an over-discharge situation in the battery module 200 belonging to the first battery type.

[0018] Specifically, when the charge / discharge controller 130 determines that the voltage value of the deep-discharge detection signal V_DDTH is lower than a predetermined voltage threshold (the predetermined voltage threshold may be lower than 6.6 volts), it indicates that the battery module 200 has entered a deep-discharge state, and the charge / discharge controller 130 can put the battery module 200 into a pre-charge state to protect the battery module 200. However, when the microcontroller 110 determines that the battery module 200 is a lithium-ion supercapacitor based on the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU, the microcontroller 110 can stop (also referred to as disable or deactivate) the deep-discharge protection function because a lithium-ion supercapacitor does not require deep-discharge protection measures.

[0019] 3 is a schematic diagram of a charging / discharging system according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, the charging / discharging system 300 includes a microcontroller 310, a battery module detection circuit 320, a charge / discharge controller 330, a voltage detection circuit 340, and a temperature detection circuit 350. The microcontroller 310 is coupled to the battery module detection circuit 320, the charge / discharge controller 330, the voltage detection circuit 340, and the temperature detection circuit 350. The battery module detection circuit 320 is further coupled to the charge / discharge controller 330 and a battery module 400. The voltage detection circuit 340 is further coupled to the charge / discharge controller 330 and the battery module 400. The battery module detection circuit 320 is further coupled to the charge / discharge controller 330.

[0020] In this embodiment, the battery module detection circuit 320 can receive the detection signal S_DET of the battery module 400 and generate a battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU and a deep discharge detection signal V_DDTH based on the detection signal S_DET. The battery module detection circuit 320 can output the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU to the microcontroller 310 and output the deep discharge detection signal V_DDTH to the charge / discharge controller 330. In this embodiment, the voltage detection circuit 340 can detect the output voltage V_OUT of the battery module 400 and generate a voltage detection signal S_BAT_MCU for the microcontroller 310. In one embodiment, the voltage detection signal S_BAT_MCU can be generated using the result of resistor division of the output voltage V_OUT. In this embodiment, the microcontroller 310 can control the charge / discharge controller 330 to charge or discharge the battery module 400 based on the voltage detection signal S_BAT_MCU. In this regard, the microcontroller 110 outputs a control signal S_CHG_ON to the charge / discharge controller 330 based on the voltage detection signal S_BAT_MCU, and the charge / discharge controller 330 then determines based on the control signal S_CHG_ON whether to perform a charging operation on the battery module 400. During the charging operation, the microcontroller 310 can provide overvoltage protection based on the voltage detection signal S_BAT_MCU, and the charge / discharge controller 330 can determine whether charging of the battery module 400 is complete and output a charge completion signal S_CHG_OFF to the microcontroller 310. During the discharging operation, the microcontroller 310 can also determine whether to stop the discharging operation based on the voltage detection signal S_BAT_MCU, determine whether the battery module 400 belongs to the first battery type based on the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU, and provide deep discharge protection based on the deep discharge detection signal V_DDTH.

[0021] When the microcontroller 310 determines that the battery module 400 is a first battery type based on the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU and performs a discharging operation of the battery module 400, the microcontroller 310 can provide a deep discharge protection function by controlling the charge / discharge controller 330 based on the deep discharge detection signal V_DDTH. When the microcontroller 310 determines that the battery module 400 is a second battery type based on the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU and performs a discharging operation of the battery module 400, the microcontroller 310 can stop the deep discharge protection function by controlling the charge / discharge controller 330. The first battery type may be a lithium ion battery, and the second battery type may be a lithium ion supercapacitor.

[0022] In this embodiment, the temperature detection circuit 350 can detect the battery temperature of the battery module 400 and output a temperature detection voltage V_TEMP to the microcontroller 310. The microcontroller 310 can determine whether to read a first lookup table corresponding to a first battery type or a second lookup table corresponding to a second battery type based on the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU. Since different battery types have different voltage-temperature relationships, the microcontroller 310 can search the first lookup table or the second lookup table based on the temperature detection voltage V_TEMP to obtain the corresponding battery temperature. The microcontroller 310 can also determine the battery voltage of the battery module 400 based on the voltage detection signal S_BAT_MCU. The microcontroller 310 can control the charging or discharging operation of the charge / discharge controller 330 for the battery module 400 based on the battery voltage and battery temperature.

[0023] FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a battery module detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, in one embodiment, the battery module detection circuit 320 of FIG. 3 may have the circuit structure shown in FIG. 4, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The battery module detection circuit 320 may include transistors T1 and T2 and resistors R1-R5. A first terminal of the transistor R1 is coupled to a reference voltage Vref. A second terminal of the transistor T1 is coupled to a circuit node P1. The first circuit node P1 can be used to provide a deep discharge detection signal V_DDTH. The resistor R1 is coupled between the control terminal and the first terminal of the transistor T1. The resistor R2 is coupled between the control terminal of the transistor T1 and the circuit node P2. The second circuit node P2 can receive the detection signal S_DET. The resistor R3 is coupled between the output voltage V_OUT of the battery module 400 and the circuit node P1. The resistor R4 is coupled between the circuit node P1 and a ground terminal. The first terminal of the transistor T2 is coupled to the circuit node P3. A second terminal of transistor T2 is coupled to a ground terminal. A control terminal of transistor T2 is coupled to circuit node P2. Circuit node P3 is used to provide a battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU. Resistor R5 is coupled between an operating voltage VDD (e.g., 3.3 volts) and circuit node P3.

[0024] The transistor T1 may be a PNP-type bipolar junction transistor (BJT), and the transistor T2 may be an N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET). The first terminal of the transistor T1 may be an emitter. The second terminal of the transistor T1 may be a collector. The control terminal of the transistor T1 may be a base. The first terminal of the transistor T2 may be a drain. The second terminal of the transistor T2 may be a source. The control terminal of the transistor T1 may be a gate.

[0025] The connector of the battery module 400 corresponding to the charging / discharging system 300 has a specific pin to provide the detection signal S_DET. If the battery module 400 is a lithium-ion battery, this specific pin may be floating. If the battery module 400 is a lithium-ion supercapacitor, this specific pin may be grounded. Thus, if the battery module 400 is a lithium-ion battery, the transistor T1 is not conductive and the transistor T2 is conductive. The deep-discharge detection signal V_DDTH may be the result of dividing the output voltage V_OUT through resistors R3 and R4. The charging / discharging controller 330 shown in FIG. 3 can provide a deep-discharge protection function using the deep-discharge detection signal V_DDTH. The battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU may have a low voltage level (e.g., ground level), allowing the microcontroller 310 to effectively determine that the battery module 400 is a lithium-ion battery.

[0026] In contrast, if the battery module 400 is a lithium ion supercapacitor, the transistor T1 is conductive and the transistor T2 is not conductive. The deep discharge detection signal V_DDTH can be fixed to the reference voltage Vref, which allows the charge / discharge controller 330 shown in FIG. 3 to disable the deep discharge protection function. In addition, the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU can have a high voltage level (e.g., the operating voltage VDD level), which allows the microcontroller 310 to effectively determine that the battery module 400 is a lithium ion supercapacitor.

[0027] FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a temperature detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5, in one embodiment, the temperature detection circuit 350 of FIG. 3 may have the circuit structure shown in FIG. 5, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The temperature detection circuit 350 may include resistors R6 and R7 and a capacitor C1. The resistor R6 is coupled between the operating voltage VDD and a circuit node P4. The circuit node P4 is used to provide a temperature detection voltage V_TEMP. The resistor R7 is coupled between the circuit node P4 and a ground terminal. The capacitor C1 is coupled between the circuit node P4 and the ground terminal. The circuit node P4 is further coupled to a negative temperature coefficient resistor R8 via a connector of a battery module 400 corresponding to the charging / discharging system 300. The negative temperature coefficient resistor R8 may be disposed in the battery module 400 shown in FIG. 3, and its resistance value may change according to the temperature of the battery module 400, allowing the temperature detection voltage V_TEMP to reflect the temperature of the battery module 400.

[0028] FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of a charging protection function according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 3 and 6, in the charging process, the charging / discharging system 300 can implement the charging protection function by performing the following steps S610 to S670. In step S610, the microcontroller 310 can determine whether the battery voltage is lower than a first voltage threshold (for example, determined by the voltage detection signal S_BAT_MCU), whether the battery temperature is between a first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, and whether the battery temperature rise rate is equal to or lower than a predetermined rate (for example, determined by the temperature detection voltage V_TEMP, the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU, and the first or second lookup table). If the results are "Yes," it means that the battery voltage, battery temperature, and battery temperature rise rate all satisfy the above three conditions, and the microcontroller 310 can perform step S620 to perform a charging operation. For example, the microcontroller 310 can switch the control signal S_CHG_ON from a low voltage level to a high voltage level to notify the charging / discharging controller 330 that it will perform a charging operation. If no, the microcontroller 310 may proceed to steps S630, S650-S670 for further determination. In one embodiment, the first voltage threshold may be, for example, 7.9 volts. The first temperature threshold is lower than the second temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold may be, for example, -30 degrees. The second temperature threshold may be, for example, 65 degrees. The predetermined speed may be, for example, a temperature change (increase) of 5 degrees per second.

[0029] In step S630, the microcontroller 310 may determine whether a charge completion signal S_CHG_OFF is received from the charge / discharge controller 330. Receiving the charge completion signal S_CHG_OFF may mean, for example, that the charge completion signal S_CHG_OFF switches from a low voltage level to a high voltage level. If yes, the microcontroller 310 may execute step S640 to stop the charging operation. For example, the microcontroller 310 may switch the control signal S_CHG_ON from a high voltage level to a low voltage level to notify the charge / discharge controller 330 that the charging operation will be stopped. If no, the microcontroller 310 may execute step S650 to make the following determination:

[0030] In step S650, the microcontroller 310 may determine whether the battery voltage is higher than a second voltage threshold. If yes, the microcontroller 310 may perform step S640 to stop the charging operation. In one embodiment, the second voltage threshold may be, for example, 8.2 volts. If no, the microcontroller 310 may perform step S660 to make the following determination:

[0031] In step S660, the microcontroller 310 may determine whether the battery temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold or higher than the second temperature threshold. If yes, the microcontroller 310 may execute step S640 to stop the charging operation. If no, the microcontroller 310 may execute step S670 to make the following determination:

[0032] In step S670, the microcontroller 310 determines whether the battery temperature is rising at a rate higher than a predetermined rate. If so, the microcontroller 310 executes step S640 to stop the charging operation. If not, the microcontroller 310 executes step S610 again after a predetermined period of time, looping through the above determinations. That is, if any of the conditions in steps S630, S650 to S670 is met, the microcontroller 310 stops the charging operation.

[0033] This allows the charge / discharge system 300 to provide an excellent charge protection function. The execution order of steps S630 and S650 to S670 can be changed arbitrarily and is not limited to the order shown in FIG.

[0034] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a discharge protection function according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 3 and 7, during the discharge process, the charging / discharging system 300 can implement the discharge protection function by performing the following steps S710 to S730. In step S710, the microcontroller 310 can determine whether the battery voltage is lower than a third voltage threshold. If the result is No, the microcontroller 310 can implement step S720 to perform a discharge operation. The microcontroller 310 can then implement step S710 again after a predetermined period to loop the discharge determination. If the result is Yes, the microcontroller 310 can implement step S730 to stop the discharge operation. In one embodiment, the third voltage threshold may be, for example, 6.6 volts. This allows the charging / discharging system 300 to provide excellent discharge protection.

[0035] Furthermore, as described in the above embodiment, after the discharge operation is stopped, if the microcontroller 310 determines that the battery module 400 belongs to the first battery type based on the battery type determination signal S_DET_MCU, the microcontroller 310 can further control the charge / discharge controller 330 to provide a deep discharge protection function based on the deep discharge detection signal V_DDTH.

[0036] In summary, the charging / discharging system and method of the present invention can support charging / discharging protection functions for battery modules of multiple battery types, and can provide deep discharge protection functions for battery modules corresponding to specific battery types.

[0037] Although the present invention has been disclosed above by way of embodiments, they are not intended to limit the present invention, and a person skilled in the art may make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is determined based on the scope of the claims. [Industrial Applicability]

[0038] The charging / discharging system and charging / discharging method of the present invention are applicable to battery modules used with various battery types. [Explanation of symbols]

[0039] 100, 300: Charging and discharging system 110, 310: Microcontroller 120, 320: Battery module detection circuit 130, 330: Charge / discharge controller 200, 400: Battery module 340: Voltage detection circuit 350: Temperature detection circuit C1: Capacitor R1~R8: Resistors T1, T2: Transistors P1~P4: Circuit nodes S210~S240, S610~S670, S710~S730: Step S_CHG_ON: Control signal S_CHG_OFF:Charging completion signal S_DET_MCU: Battery type determination signal S_DET: Detection signal S_BAT_MCU: Voltage detection signal VDD: Operating voltage V_DDTH: Deep discharge detection signal V_OUT: Output voltage V_TEMP: Temperature detection voltage Vref: Reference voltage

Claims

1. a battery module detection circuit coupled to the battery module, used to receive a detection signal from the battery module, and generating a battery type determination signal and a deep discharge detection signal based on the detection signal; a charge / discharge controller coupled to the battery module detection circuit and the battery module; a microcontroller coupled to the battery module detection circuit and the charge / discharge controller, the microcontroller being used to control the charge / discharge controller to perform a charging or discharging operation of the battery module; When the microcontroller determines that the battery module is a first battery type based on the battery type determination signal, the microcontroller controls the charge / discharge controller based on the deep discharge detection signal to perform a deep discharge protection function; When the microcontroller determines that the battery module is a second battery type based on the battery type determination signal, the microcontroller controls the charge / discharge controller to stop the deep discharge protection function.

2. 2. The charging and discharging system of claim 1, wherein the first battery type is a lithium ion battery and the second battery type is a lithium ion supercapacitor.

3. The battery module detection circuit a first transistor having a first terminal coupled to a reference voltage and a second terminal coupled to a first circuit node; a first resistor coupled between the control terminal and a first terminal of the first transistor; a second resistor coupled between the control terminal of the first transistor and a second circuit node receiving the detection signal; a second transistor having a first terminal coupled to a third circuit node, a second terminal coupled to a ground terminal, and a control terminal coupled to the second circuit node, the third circuit node being used to provide the battery type determination signal; a fifth resistor coupled between an operating voltage and the third circuit node; The charging / discharging system according to claim 1 , comprising:

4. The battery module detection circuit a third resistor coupled between the output voltage of the battery module and the first circuit node, the first circuit node being used to provide the deep discharge detection signal; a fourth resistor coupled between the first circuit node and the ground terminal; The charging / discharging system according to claim 3 , further comprising:

5. a voltage detection circuit coupled to the battery module and the microcontroller, the voltage detection circuit being used to detect an output voltage of the battery module and generating a voltage detection signal; The charging / discharging system according to claim 1 , wherein the microcontroller controls the charge / discharge controller based on the voltage detection signal to perform the charging operation or the discharging operation on the battery module.

6. 6. The charging / discharging system according to claim 5, wherein the microcontroller outputs a control signal to the charge / discharge controller based on the voltage detection signal, and the charge / discharge controller determines to perform the charging operation on the battery module based on the control signal.

7. a temperature detection circuit coupled to the battery module and the microcontroller, the temperature detection circuit being used to output a temperature detection voltage to the microcontroller; The microcontroller determines whether to read a first lookup table corresponding to the first battery type or a second lookup table corresponding to the second battery type based on the battery type determination signal, and the microcontroller searches the first lookup table or the second lookup table based on the temperature detection voltage to obtain a battery temperature; 6. The charging / discharging system according to claim 5, wherein the microcontroller determines a battery voltage of the battery module based on the voltage detection signal, and the microcontroller controls the charge / discharge controller based on the battery voltage and the battery temperature to perform the charging operation or the discharging operation on the battery module.

8. 8. The charging and discharging system of claim 7, wherein when the microcontroller determines that the battery voltage is lower than a first voltage threshold, the battery temperature is between a first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, and the rate of increase of the battery temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined rate, the microcontroller controls the charge and discharge controller to perform the charging operation on the battery module, and the first temperature threshold is lower than the second temperature threshold.

9. The charging / discharging system according to claim 7 , wherein when the microcontroller receives a charging completion signal from the charging / discharging controller, the microcontroller controls the charging / discharging controller to stop the charging operation on the battery module.

10. 8. The charging / discharging system according to claim 7, wherein when the microcontroller determines that the battery voltage is higher than a second voltage threshold, the microcontroller controls the charge / discharge controller to stop the charging operation on the battery module.

11. 8. The charging / discharging system of claim 7, wherein when the microcontroller determines that the battery temperature is lower than a first temperature threshold or higher than a second temperature threshold, the microcontroller controls the charge / discharge controller to stop the charging operation on the battery module, and the first temperature threshold is lower than the second temperature threshold.

12. 8. The charging / discharging system according to claim 7, wherein when the microcontroller determines that the temperature rise speed of the battery temperature is higher than a predetermined speed, the microcontroller controls the charge / discharge controller to stop the charging operation on the battery module.

13. 8. The charging and discharging system of claim 7, wherein when the microcontroller performs the discharging operation on the battery module, the microcontroller determines whether the battery voltage is lower than a third voltage threshold and stops the discharging operation.

14. The temperature detection circuit a sixth resistor coupled between an operating voltage and a fourth circuit node, the fourth circuit node being used to provide the temperature detection voltage; a seventh resistor coupled between the fourth circuit node and a ground terminal; a capacitor coupled between the fourth circuit node and the ground terminal; The charging / discharging system according to claim 7, comprising:

15. 15. The charging and discharging system of claim 14, wherein the fourth circuit node is further coupled to a negative temperature coefficient resistor of the battery module.

16. receiving a detection signal of the battery module by a battery module detection circuit, and generating a battery type determination signal and a deep discharge detection signal based on the detection signal; A microcontroller controls a charge / discharge controller to perform a charging operation or a discharging operation of the battery module; When the microcontroller determines that the battery module is a first battery type based on the battery type determination signal, the microcontroller controls the charge / discharge controller based on the deep discharge detection signal to perform a deep discharge protection function. When the microcontroller determines that the battery module is a second battery type based on the battery type determination signal, the microcontroller controls the charge / discharge controller to stop the deep-discharge protection function; A charging and discharging method comprising:

17. detecting an output voltage of the battery module by a voltage detection circuit to generate a voltage detection signal; controlling the charge / discharge controller based on the voltage detection signal by the microcontroller to perform the charging operation or the discharging operation on the battery module; The charging / discharging method according to claim 16, further comprising:

18. outputting a temperature detection voltage to the microcontroller by a temperature detection circuit; determining, by the microcontroller, whether to read a first look-up table corresponding to the first battery type or a second look-up table corresponding to the second battery type based on the battery type determination signal; The microcontroller searches the first lookup table or the second lookup table based on the temperature detection voltage to obtain a battery temperature; determining a battery voltage of the battery module based on the voltage detection signal by the microcontroller; controlling the charge / discharge controller based on the battery voltage and the battery temperature by the microcontroller to perform the charging operation or the discharging operation on the battery module; The charging / discharging method according to claim 17, further comprising:

19. the step of controlling the charge / discharge controller based on the battery voltage and the battery temperature to perform the charging operation on the battery module includes, when the microcontroller determines that the battery voltage is lower than a first voltage threshold, the battery temperature is between a first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, and a rate of increase in the battery temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined rate, controlling the charge / discharge controller by the microcontroller to perform the charging operation on the battery module; The charging / discharging method according to claim 18 , wherein the first temperature threshold is lower than the second temperature threshold.

20. 20. The charging and discharging method of claim 18, wherein the step of controlling the charge / discharge controller to perform the charging operation on the battery module based on the battery voltage and the battery temperature includes: when the microcontroller receives a charge completion signal from the charge / discharge controller, the microcontroller determines that the battery voltage is higher than a second voltage threshold, the microcontroller determines that the battery temperature is lower than a first temperature threshold or higher than a second temperature threshold, or the microcontroller determines that a temperature rise speed of the battery temperature is higher than a predetermined speed, controlling the charge / discharge controller by the microcontroller to stop the charging operation on the battery module.

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