Separator for separating a conveying medium from a conveyed material, and processing machine having a separator - Patents.com

Abstract

A separator is used to separate a conveying medium, preferably air, from a conveying material (4). The separator comprises a container (1) having at least one supply pipe (3) for a mixture of conveying medium and conveying material, at least one discharge port for the conveying material (4), and at least one outlet port (8) for the conveying medium. To avoid or minimize wear damage at high conveying speeds while still ensuring reliable separation of the conveying medium and conveying material, a collision wall (14) faces the discharge end (10) of the supply pipe (3) in the inflow direction (13) of the mixture of conveying medium and conveying material within the housing (1) at a distance from the discharge end (10) of the supply pipe (3), and the collision wall (14) is connected at an angle to a cover wall (15). The cover wall (15) covers the inflow path of the mixture of conveying medium and conveying material relative to the outlet port (8) for the conveying medium. The conveyed material (4) hits the impact wall (14), which dissipates the kinetic energy of the conveyed medium. After the conveyed medium flows out of the supply pipe (3), its speed rapidly decreases, so that the conveyed medium cannot entrain the conveyed material.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The invention relates to a separator for separating a conveying medium from a conveying material according to the preamble of claim 1, as well as to a separator according to claim 2. 8 by, Processing machine with separator Regarding. [Background technology]

[0002] Separators are used in conveying systems in which materials, such as plastic granules, are fed from silos or other containers through conveying pipes to processing machines. The feeding can be carried out by suction or pressure. The materials are transported from the respective silos through conveying pipes to the processing machine or other receiver using a conveying medium, usually air. The separator separates the materials from the conveying medium.

[0003] In the case of suction conveying, the separator has a filter or strainer through which the conveying medium passes and on which the conveyed material is captured. Separation of the conveying medium and the conveyed material in suction conveying can also be achieved by cyclone action, in which case the feed pipe is arranged tangentially in the separator housing.

[0004] In the case of pressurized conveying of the conveying material, the separator is configured as a cyclone in order to separate the conveying material from the conveying medium by cyclonic action.

[0005] In the plastics industry, suction conveying systems are usually used for small and medium outputs, typically for the charging of raw materials into machine hoppers, drying hoppers and containers of metering and / or mixing machines.

[0006] Pressurized conveying systems are used from medium capacity (approximately 1000 kg / h) to high capacity, typically for the charging of storage silos (often by tank truck), day stock silos or large processing machines with high hourly throughput. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] In many cases, so-called filled plastics (e.g., glass fibers) are conveyed at too high conveying speeds. This leads to strong abrasion at the corresponding pipe sections, especially in cyclonic separation. Plastic granules with glass fiber contents, which can amount to up to 40%, are increasingly being used. If these plastic granules are conveyed at too high air velocities, greater than approximately 30 m / s, the abrasion damage at the pipe sections can be very severe in some cases. Even if expensive materials such as expensive ceramic or glass inserts are used, these materials wear out very quickly.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a separator and a separator of the type mentioned at the beginning, in such a way that wear damage is avoided or only minimally occurs even at high conveying speeds. processing machinery while still ensuring a reliable separation of the transport medium and the transport material. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] This object is achieved according to the invention by a separator of the type mentioned at the beginning, which has the features of claim 1, as well as by a separator according to claim 2. 8 According to the present invention having the configuration processing machinery is solved by

[0010] The separator according to the invention has an impact wall, which is located in the housing and faces the discharge end of the supply pipe at a distance in the inflow direction of the mixture of conveying medium and conveyed material, and which is connected at an angle to a cover wall, which covers the inflow path of the mixture of conveying medium and conveyed material with respect to the outlet for the conveying medium. housingThe material being conveyed into the pipe strikes the impact wall, dissipating the kinetic energy of the material. The conveying medium itself rapidly reduces its velocity after flowing out of the discharge end of the supply pipe, allowing it to flow toward the outlet. At this time, the velocity of the conveying medium is so small that it cannot entrain the material being conveyed.

[0011] In the region between the collision wall and the cover wall, a material cushion is formed, which covers the region of the collision wall where the material strikes. The material cushion thus formed covers the collision wall in this region, so that the material no longer strikes the collision wall, and therefore abrasion damage does not occur or is at most negligible.

[0012] Advantageously, the supply pipe extends radially relative to the housing, which ensures that the material being conveyed strikes the impingement wall reliably when it enters the housing.

[0013] To facilitate the formation of the material cushion at the impact wall, the impact wall is preferably provided with a bent end portion that extends obliquely in the direction toward the discharge section of the housing. This bent end portion acts as an additional brake for the material cushion formed at the impact wall, so that the material cushion does not slide down from the impact wall during the conveying process but remains in a position covering the impact wall.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the impingement wall is part of a separation shoe which has a separation space for the mixture of conveying medium and conveyed material, the separation space being bounded by the impingement wall in the inflow direction of the mixture.

[0015] Preferably, the collision wall is connected to side walls that laterally define the separation space, thereby ensuring that the mixture of conveying medium and conveyed material conveyed via the supply pipe does not flow past the collision wall. These side walls may be used as lateral guides for the mixture of conveying medium and conveyed material to guide it towards the collision wall.

[0016] In a further preferred configuration, the separation space is defined by at least one lateral wall connected to the supply pipe on the side facing the impact wall. This results in a separation shoe in which the separation space is defined by the impact wall, the cover wall, the side wall, and the lateral wall. The mixture of conveying medium and conveyed material flowing in via the supply pipe reaches this separation space, whereby the different walls ensure that all of the bulk material flowing in from the supply pipe reaches the impact wall. The separation shoe is open downwards on the side facing the cover wall, allowing the conveying medium and conveyed material to exit the separation space.

[0017] Advantageously, the impact wall extends curvedly in the circumferential direction of the housing, preferably in the form of a substantial semicircle.

[0018] Advantageously, the cover wall closes the separation space against the outlet for the conveying medium, so that the conveying medium flows downward from the separation space of the separation shoe, and the conveyed material can also fall downward from the separation space into the housing.

[0019] The discharge of the housing is advantageously provided with a discharge valve, by means of which the discharge can be opened or closed depending on the desired function of the separator.

[0020] Advantageously, the outlet is also provided with an exhaust valve, by means of which the outlet can be selectively opened and closed, and during the conveying process the exhaust valve is opened, so that the conveying medium, after flowing into the housing, is guided out of the housing via the outlet.

[0021] The separator according to the invention is advantageously a unit that can be connected, for example, to a processing machine for the conveyed material.

[0022] In another advantageous embodiment, the separator is formed by the machine hopper of the processing machine for the conveyed material. In this case, the separating shoe can be directly integrated into the machine hopper. As a result, no discharge valve is required. In this case, an exhaust connection pipe with a large conveying pipe cross section can be used.

[0023] In order for the conveying medium to be able to easily reach the outlet of the housing, at least one flow space for the conveying medium is provided between the cover wall and the inner wall of the housing.

[0024] In the method according to the invention, a mixture of conveying medium and conveyed material is conveyed into the housing of the separator so that the mixture strikes an impingement wall arranged in the housing.

[0025] Advantageously, the feed rate of the material is so high that the material forms a cushion of material at the impingement wall, and the gravity of the cushion is smaller than the force acting on the cushion of material due to the kinetic energy of the material flow, so that the cushion of material covers the impingement wall, and the material impinges on the cushion of material rather than on the impingement wall.

[0026] The subject matter of the present application is obtained not only from the subject matter of the individual patent claims, but also through the drawings and all the descriptions and features disclosed in the specification, which, even if they are not the subject matter of the claims, are claimed as essential to the invention if, individually or in combination, they are novel compared to the prior art.

[0027] Further features of the invention are apparent from the further claims, the description and the drawings.

[0028] The present invention will be described in detail below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] 1 shows a side view of one separator according to the present invention; FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a top view of the separator of FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cross section taken along line CC in FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] The separator has a cylindrical housing 1, and a supply pipe 3 runs through the housing 1 near the housing ceiling 2, through which a conveyed material 4 is supplied. The conveyed material 4 is supplied to the separator pneumatically using suction or pressure conveyance. The conveyed material 4 can be, for example, a bulk material, granules, or a free-flowing powder.

[0031] The housing 1 tapers in the shape of a funnel in the lower region 5 and has at its free end a discharge connection 6 which can be closed by a discharge valve 7 .

[0032] An exhaust connection pipe 8 is provided in the ceiling part 2 of the housing 1 and can be closed by an exhaust valve 9 .

[0033] The supply pipe 3 leads radially into the housing 1 near the ceiling 2. As FIG. 4 shows, the portion of the supply pipe 3 located inside the housing 1 has a length that is smaller than the radius of the housing 1.

[0034] When the housing 1 is viewed from above, the exhaust connection pipe 8 is located laterally and radially spaced from the discharge end 10 of the supply pipe 3 .

[0035] The separator is mounted in a known manner on a processing machine capable of processing the conveyed material 4 .

[0036] In the illustrated and described embodiment, the conveyed material 4 is first collected in the housing 1 by closing the discharge connection 6 by means of the discharge valve 7. The discharge valve 7 comprises a slider 11 with a passage opening 12 (FIG. 2). In the position according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the slider 11 closes the discharge connection 6, so that the conveyed material 4 cannot reach downwards from the housing 1.

[0037] When the conveying material 4 is conveyed into the housing 1 via the supply pipe 3, the discharge valve 7 is closed and the exhaust valve 9 is opened, so that the conveying air that transports the conveying material 4 into the housing 1 can escape upwards through the exhaust connection pipe 8.

[0038] Figure 4 shows the separator during the conveying process. The material 4, together with air, is conveyed into the housing 1 via the supply pipe 3 in the direction of the flow arrow 13. A wall 14, spaced apart from the discharge end 10 of the supply pipe 3 in the flow direction and positioned transversely (left to right) to the flow direction 13, faces the material 4 and air. The wall 14 projects laterally, preferably perpendicularly, from a cover plate 15, which is fixed at a small distance below the ceiling 2 within the housing 1. The cover plate 15 is parallel to the ceiling 2 and connects to an inner wall 16 of the housing 1 directly opposite the supply pipe 3.

[0039] In the embodiment shown, the wall 14 extends straight when viewed in the axial direction of the housing 1 (FIG. 6). Advantageously, the wall 14 is formed at least approximately semicircular when viewed in the axial direction of the housing 1. This shape of the wall 14 is shown by dashed lines in FIG. 6.

[0040] As can be seen in Figure 5, the cover plate 15 has an arcuate portion 17 which extends over an angular range of approximately 90° and is fixed by its curved edge to the housing inner wall 16. This portion 17 transitions, at a distance from the housing inner wall 16, into a portion 18 which continuously widens in width in the direction of the supply pipe 3. This portion 18 is then spaced from the housing inner wall 16 and joins with a radially extending portion 19 which extends up to the housing inner wall 16 and covers the portion of the supply pipe 3 located inside the housing 1. The supply pipe 3 is fixed to the underside of this portion 19 in an appropriate manner.

[0041] The part 18 terminates at a distance from the inner housing wall 16. Between the cover plate 15 and the inner housing wall 16, flow spaces 20, 21 for air are formed, through which the air can flow towards the exhaust connection 8.

[0042] The wall 14 projects from the cover plate 15 on the side facing the discharge connection pipe 6. The wall 14 is spaced apart from the cover plate 15 and has an end portion 22 (FIG. 4) that extends obliquely relative to the cover plate 15 and obliquely downwards, counter to the flow direction 13. The wall 14 with the end portion 22 connects two side walls 23, 24 that extend from the wall 14 in a diverging manner toward the supply pipe 3 (FIG. 6). At the level of the discharge end 10 of the supply pipe 3, the side walls 23, 24 merge into lateral walls 25, 26 that connect to the supply pipe 3 at a right angle at the level of the discharge end 10. The lateral walls 25, 26 are only tall enough to allow the supply pipe 3 to be connected to them at its discharge end 10. The side walls 23, 24 and the wall 14, which have the same height, extend beyond the transverse walls 25, 26 in the direction of the discharge connection 6.

[0043] Departing from the illustrated embodiment, the cover plate 15 can also be configured so that it terminates at the level of the discharge end 10 of the supply pipe 3. At this end, the cover plate 15 is joined to a transverse wall that projects downwards laterally from the cover plate 15, preferably at a right angle, and is provided with an opening into which the supply pipe 3 is connected inside the housing 1.

[0044] The cover plate 15 together with the walls 14, 22, the side walls 23, 24 and the transverse walls 25, 26 constitute a separation shoe 27 which can reliably separate the conveyed material 4 from the air inside the housing 1.

[0045] The walls 14, 22, the cover plate 15, the side walls 23, 24 and the transverse walls 25, 26 define a separation space 28 in which separation of the material 4 from the air takes place.

[0046] The walls 14, 22-26 have a sufficiently large distance from the discharge connection 6 so that a correspondingly large amount of bulk material can be stored within the housing 1 (FIG. 3).

[0047] The side walls 23, 24 can be configured rounded towards each other at their lower edges in the region of the supply pipe 3. This shape has the advantage that more conveying air flows towards the exhaust connection 8.

[0048] The separating shoe 27 is open in the direction of the discharge connecting pipe 6 so that both the conveyed material 4 and the air flowing in via the supply pipe 3 can reliably exit the separating space 28 of the separating shoe 27 .

[0049] The mixture of material and air flows through the feed pipe 3 into the separation space 28 of the separation shoe 27 at maximum air velocity. Both the material 4 and the air collide with the wall 14, located in front of the feed pipe 3 in the flow direction 13 and constituting a collision wall, where the kinetic energy of the material 4 is dissipated. The material 4 collides with the wall 14 at a nearly right angle with high kinetic energy. A cushion 29 (FIG. 4) is formed by a portion of the material 4 in the corner area between the wall 14 and the cover plate 15 in the separation space 28. Due to the material continuously flowing downstream through the feed pipe 3 during the conveying process, the cushion 29 remains in this area. The thickness of the cushion 29 depends on the bulk weight of the material 4 and the air velocity, which also determines the velocity of the material 4. The force acting on the cushion 29 by the material 4 flowing behind is greater than the gravity of the cushion 29, so that the cushion 29 remains in the separation space 28 during the conveying process. Only when the conveying process is stopped will the mixture of material and air reach the housing 1 via the supply pipe 3, and the cushion 29 will fall downward into the housing 1 due to its gravity. This is shown by the arrow 30 in Figure 4.

[0050] The construction of the cushioning portion 29 is advantageously facilitated if the wall portion 14 is formed in a curved shape, preferably in a substantially semicircular shape.

[0051] When air enters the separation space 28 of the separation shoe 27, the air velocity drops rapidly due to the larger expansion space in the separation shoe 27 compared to the supply pipe 3, so that the air can flow upward from the separation space 28 through the flow spaces 20, 21 in the direction of the flow arrow 31 and upward towards the exhaust connection pipe 8.

[0052] During the filling process described, the discharge valve 7 is closed, whereas the exhaust valve 9 is open. As soon as the transfer process is completed, the exhaust valve 9 can be closed.

[0053] The construction of the cushion 29 is facilitated by the connection of the bent end portion 22, which is arranged at an angle against the flow direction 13 to the wall 14. The end portion 22 serves as an additional safety feature to prevent the cushion 29 from sliding downwards while the housing 1 is being filled with the conveyed material 4. The cushion 29 also constitutes a wear protection, which prevents the wall 14 from being prematurely worn away by the impact of the conveyed material 4.

[0054] The wall 14 may be straight throughout its length, but may also be curved.

[0055] The air leaving the separation space 28 of the separation shoe 27 only has a low velocity, so that it does not entrain the material 4 when it is sucked up through the exhaust connection 8. In the region of the flow spaces 20, 21, the air has its minimum flow velocity.

[0056] To feed the conveyed material 4 in the housing 1 to a subsequent processing machine, the discharge valve 7 is opened, allowing the conveyed material 4 to fall downwards. Subsequently, the discharge valve 7 is closed again and a new conveying process begins, during which the exhaust valve 9 is opened again.

[0057] The ratio of the kinetic energy of the material 4 to that of the conveying air is typically approximately 500 to 800 to 1. As a result of this high kinetic energy, the material 4 does not essentially change its direction or velocity after leaving the feed pipe 3 due to mass inertia. In contrast, the conveying air has very little kinetic energy, so it loses velocity rapidly upon entering the separation shoe 7 and is therefore able to change direction accordingly. As can be seen from the flow arrows in Figures 3 and 4, the conveying air changes its flow direction by at least 180°. Due to the low velocity, the material 4 is not entrained toward the exhaust connection 8.

[0058] In practice, the conveying air in the supply pipe 3 has a speed of 30 m / s. The conveyed material 4 hits the wall 14 at approximately half that speed, i.e. with high kinetic energy. The wall 14 is responsible for the cushions 29 being formed in the separation space 28 and remaining there until the conveyance is interrupted.

[0059] In the illustrated and described embodiment, the separating shoe 27 is integrated into the housing 1. Such a configuration of the separator is particularly suitable for cyclical operation in the suction zone as well as in the pressure zone. The size of the housing 1 and its shape are arbitrary, as long as the maximum air velocity in the region of the flow spaces 20, 21 is less than approximately 8 m / s.

[0060] Plastic processing machines are also known which have a machine hopper which is filled with the respective conveying material 4. In such machines, the separating shoe 27 is provided in the machine hopper of the machine, and no discharge valve is required in this case.

[0061] The connection between the machine hopper of the machine and, for example, the plasticizing screw of the machine is always pressure-tight or gas-tight, whether in suction conveying or in pressure conveying.

[0062] The separating shoe 27 can also be used for continuous operation in the pressure region, i.e. for pressure conveying, in which case the exhaust valve 9 is replaced by an exhaust connection pipe with a larger cross section, for example with a flow cross section corresponding to up to six times the flow cross section of the supply pipe 3.

[0063] The described separator is suitable for pneumatic conveying in both pressurized and vacuum regions. The separator can be used for both small and large conveying forces. If the conveying of the material 4 is carried out using compressed air, discharge and exhaust valves are not necessary, for example if the material 4 is charged into a large storage silo with a relatively large exhaust opening. Due to the cushion 29, wear phenomena due to abrasion of the wall 14 are absent or at most negligible. The separator does not require a large structural volume. The described configuration with the separating shoe 27 makes it possible to separate the material 4 from the air flow in a minimal space.

[0064] The separator can be used as a charge storage for replenishing consuming devices such as processing machines, drying hoppers, mixers, etc.

[0065] In the suction area, i.e. in the most important applications for vacuum conveying of the conveyed material 4, no filters or strainers are required to separate the conveying air from the conveyed material 4. This allows advantageous use of filterless suction conveyors.

[0066] Instead of the preferred cylindrical shape, the separator housing 1 can also have any other suitable cross-sectional shape, without this impairing the above-mentioned separation of the conveying air and the conveying material 4 by means of the separating shoe 27.

Claims

1. A separator for separating a conveying medium from a conveying material (4), comprising: The apparatus comprises a housing (1) having at least one supply pipe (3) for a mixture of conveying medium and conveying material, at least one discharge (6) for the conveying material (4), and at least one outlet (8) for the conveying medium, In the separator, an impact wall (14) faces the discharge end (10) of the supply pipe (3) at a distance from the housing (1) in the inflow direction (13) of the mixture of conveying medium and conveyed material, the impact wall (14) is connected at an angle to a cover wall (15), and the cover wall (15) covers the inflow path of the mixture of conveying medium and conveyed material with respect to the outlet (8) for the conveying medium, The impact wall (14) has an end portion (22) bent in a direction toward the discharge portion (6), the collision wall (14) is part of a separation shoe (27) having a separation space (28) for the mixture of conveying medium and conveyed material, the separation space (28) being bounded in the inflow direction (13) by the collision wall (14) to which are connected side walls (23, 24) which laterally bound the separation space (28), the separation space (28) being bounded on its side facing the collision wall (14) by at least one lateral wall (25, 26) which is connected to the supply pipe (3), the side walls (23, 24) extend from the collision wall (14) in a direction toward the supply pipe (3), and the separation shoe (27) is fixedly connected to the supply pipe (3) via the at least one lateral wall (25, 26); A separator characterized by:

2. the supply pipe (3) extends radially relative to the housing (1); The separator of claim 1 ,

3. the cover wall (15) closes the separation space (28) to the outlet (8) for the transport medium; 3. A separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

4. The discharge part (6) is provided with a discharge valve (7); The separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

5. The outlet (8) is provided with an exhaust valve (9); The separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that

6. the separator being a unit connectable to a processing machine for the conveyed material (4); The separator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that

7. at least one flow space (20, 21) for the conveying medium is provided between the cover wall (15) and the inner wall (16) of the housing (1), the flow space (20, 21) opening in the direction towards the outlet (8) for the conveying medium; The separator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that

8. the separator is a machine hopper of a processing machine for conveying material (4), A processing machine comprising the separator according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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