Flange connection

Abstract

To provide a so-called flange connection part capable of being used in a narrow space conditions between container portions in a longitudinal direction of a pressure container, and thus capable of absorbing large relative movement in a lateral direction with respect to the longitudinal direction.SOLUTION: In a cross section of a membrane tube 16, the membrane tube forms a non-zero connection angle α with a first welding lip 17 at a second longitudinal edge part 19 of the membrane tube, and a center of curvature 20 of the membrane tube is arranged on the side of the second longitudinal edge part 19 facing the inside of a container in a mounted state.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The invention relates to a flange connection with a welded lip seal as claimed in claim 1 and to a pressure vessel having such a flange connection. [Background technology]

[0002] Welded lip seals function to hermetically seal the flange connection while allowing relative radial movement due to differential thermal expansion of the two flanges. Welded lip seals are removable by cutting the easily accessible sealing seam.

[0003] Such a welded lip seal, particularly for use with pressure vessels, is disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,629,499. The welded lip seal consists of a membrane tube cut at its longitudinal side with a flattened edge. The membrane tube extends inside the pressure space near the level of a flange connection connecting two vessel parts to another part. One edge of the membrane tube is connected to a first vessel part via a welded connection. The flattened edge projects through a separating joint and outward from the point where the edge is welded to the second vessel part.

[0004] By locating the membrane tube inside the vessel, the flange connection means can be positioned firmly against the vessel wall, thereby maintaining a narrow flange. This minimizes the bending moment acting on the flange, which in turn allows for a more compact flange. Furthermore, the space occupied by the structure on the outside of the vessel can be minimized. The membrane tube edge protrudes outward through the separation joint, allowing welding from the outside and the membrane tube to be re-cut if necessary.

[0005] Many of the known embodiments are connected to the gas inlet hood of the tube bundle reactor. Furthermore, a combination of a tube bundle reactor and an after-cooler, as described in Patent Document 2, is available. In this case, the after-cooler is directly connected to the tube bundle reactor as a flange via a conventional flange connection. Due to the temperature differences between the reactor section and the after-cooler, differential radial expansion occurs, which can easily lead to leaks in the pressure seals of the conventional technology. This problem of large differential expansion occurs particularly in the case of two-part vessels with large diameters. Here, the differential expansion of the two vessel sections is particularly significant when the temperature difference is large. Since the reaction gas products exiting the reaction tubes may be toxic or flammable, there is an urgent need for a permanently hermetically sealed flange connection, but such an application has not been realized to date.

[0006] The flange connection described in Patent Document 1 is not considered for use with the device described in Patent Document 2. This is because the welded lip seal is particularly suited for use with the combination of a gas inlet hood and the central part of a tube bundle reactor. Here, the fastening joint is preferably provided in the vessel shell. Therefore, the elastic part of the welded lip seal extends primarily in the axial direction. In contrast, in the combination of a tube bundle reactor and an after-cooler described in Patent Document 2, the highest priority is given to minimizing the distance between the tube sheets of the two devices in order to minimize the residence time of the reaction gases leaving the reaction tubes of the tube bundle reactor and thus to avoid side reactions. The use of the welded lip seal described in Patent Document 1 contradicts this, due to its large axial dimension.

[0007] In the reactor described in Patent Document 3, a displacer is introduced into the gas inlet hood to reduce the volume, among other things. Here, the welded lip seal is located outside the pressure space, i.e., outside the gas space formed by the displacer. The height limitations of the space available for the installation of the welded lip seal in addition to the displacer are extremely small compared to the pressure space formed between the displacer and the tube sheet. The welded lip seal is illustrated in various one-piece and multi-piece embodiments. In the multi-piece embodiment, the edge of the flat welded lip seal is replaced by a block-shaped connecting element guided via a separation joint, which is directly or indirectly connected to the second vessel part of the further block-shaped connecting element via a sealing seam on the outside of the reactor.

[0008] Various commercially available welded lip seals are described, for example, in the "Welded Seals" section of the Kempchen (www.kempchen.de) brochure. These seals are optimized for sealing function via the welded lip or for compensation of radial expansion. The radial travel path is limited to 5 mm, depending on the annular wall thickness. When cutting through the welded seam, a cutting loss of 2 to 3 mm occurs. The welded lip can be cut through up to five times. DN3000 is specified as the maximum nominal width. The maximum nominal width is small because the travel path is short when differential expansion is present. Due to the limited number of cuts that can be performed, such seals are not suitable for the application described here.

[0009] Such welded lip seals are disclosed in Patent Documents 4 and 5. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0010] [Patent Document 1] German Patent No. 4407728 [Patent Document 2] European Patent Application Publication No. 1586370 [Patent Document 3] International Publication No. 2004 / 067164 [Patent Document 4] French Patent Application Publication No. 1352092 [Patent Document 5] European Patent Application Publication No. 1188970 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0011] The present invention provides a solution to the above-mentioned problems. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a so-called flange connection in a manner that can be utilized in the narrow space conditions between vessel sections in the longitudinal direction of a pressure vessel, and thereby can accommodate large relative movements in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction.

[0012] According to the present invention, this object is achieved by a flange connection having the characteristic features set forth in claim 1. A pressure vessel set forth in claim 8 is also the subject of the present invention. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] By means of the measures of the present invention, two vessel sections of a pressure vessel can be connected to each other in a relatively simple manner using a welded lip seal, even when there is little pressure space available in the longitudinal direction of the pressure vessel. In particular, the flange connection of the present invention is suitable for pressure vessels having a diameter of more than 6 m.

[0014] The invention is based on the fact that even if the height of the vertex above the chord of a curved part is relatively low, it still has a large deformation potential in the direction of the chord of the part, i.e. in the direction of the connection line between the end points of the part.

[0015] While the connection angle α between the membrane pipe and the first weld lip is not zero, the center of curvature is located inside the vessel at the connection, so that the maximum longitudinal length of the connection in the cross section of the membrane pipe of the vessel extends into the vessel, i.e., in the case of a cylindrical vessel, if it extends radially towards the vessel axis, the longitudinal dimension towards the vessel axis is reduced. By appropriately selecting the connection angle α, the height of the top of the membrane pipe and therefore the longitudinal length of the membrane pipe towards the vessel axis can be easily adapted to the respective requirements for the distance available between the vessel parts in the vessel axis direction.

[0016] In the present invention, a membrane tube refers to an annular tube having a cross section represented by a curved sector-shaped membrane tube wall with a central angle (sector angle) of 0° to 360°. A central angle of about 120° to about 210°, or about 300° to 360°, is particularly preferred. The cross section of the membrane tube is preferably circular, but is not limited to circular. Therefore, the cross section may be elliptical or have another curved shape. For example, when a 360° bend is realized, the contour of the membrane tube is not circular but helical.

[0017] Preferably, the membrane tube is connected to the first weld lip by a welded connection. The welded connection is liquid-tight because it is an integrally bonded connection. The welded connection can be produced cost-effectively and can withstand high loads. However, it is also suitable to use other types of connections, such as soldering.

[0018] In a preferred further development of the invention, the membrane pipe and the first weld lip are configured as an integrated bent part. This solution makes it possible to avoid defects and repairs of the connection seam. Furthermore, the mechanical quality of such a transition from the membrane pipe to the first weld lip is significantly improved.

[0019] Preferably, the membrane tube extends over at least 180° in its cross section, this solution realizing the majority of the deformability of the membrane tube transversely to the axis of the container.

[0020] Advantageously, the cross section of the membrane tube is arc-shaped, which allows for cost-effective production.

[0021] Preferably, the magnitude of the connection angle α is 45° to 135°, particularly preferably 60° to 120°, and most preferably 70° to 100°. If the magnitude of the connection angle α is within this range, even if the dimension of the container in the axial direction is relatively small, the deformability in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the container will be good or very good.

[0022] The first longitudinal end of the membrane tube is connected to the tube sheet in a liquid-tight manner at an angle β. The angle β is not particularly limited. The preferred angle range is the same as the range of the angle α.

[0023] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a further longitudinally incised membrane tube adjoins the first longitudinal end, thus doubling the deformability transverse to the axis of the container by maintaining a longitudinal extension towards the axis of the container.

[0024] In the container according to the invention, the container parts have different temperatures, and preferably the first longitudinal edge is connected to the smaller container part in the pressure area. The second longitudinal edge is therefore connected to the hotter container part via the first and second welding lips connected to the second longitudinal edge. For this reason, the second longitudinal edge moves outward compared to the first longitudinal edge, which results in tension on the membrane tube and reduces longitudinal expansion in the axial direction of the container. This eliminates the risk of the membrane tube hitting one of the container parts during relative movement between them, resulting in uncontrolled loading.

[0025] Advantageously, at least one spacer is arranged between the at least one welding lip and the flange located opposite it, which solution makes it easy to ensure space for the membrane tube.

[0026] In the present invention, the sliding surface is preferably formed between the first weld lip and the spacer, so that the position of the sliding surface can be changed within the separation joint, and the sliding surface can be located in the most favorable position under each condition.

[0027] In a preferred further development of the invention, the welding lip is arranged off-center with respect to the central plane between the flanges in the longitudinal direction of the container, and the membrane tube is curved towards the side where the distance between the welding lip and the flange is greatest. These solutions allow the distance between the container parts to be reduced to the height of the top of the membrane tube, which further reduces the space requirements for the membrane tube in the axial direction of the container.

[0028] The invention will now be described in more detail, by way of example, with the aid of the drawings, in which: FIG. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pressure vessel according to the present invention having a flange connection according to the present invention between two tube sheets. [Figure 2] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pressure vessel according to the present invention having a flange connection according to the present invention between two tube sheets. [Figure 3] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pressure vessel according to the present invention having a flange connection according to the present invention between two tube sheets. [Figure 4] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pressure vessel according to the present invention having a flange connection according to the present invention between two tube sheets. [Figure 5]1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pressure vessel according to the present invention having a flange connection according to the present invention between two tube sheets. [Figure 6] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pressure vessel according to the present invention having a flange connection according to the present invention between the tube sheet and the gas inlet hood. FIG. [Figure 7] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pressure vessel according to the present invention having a flange connection according to the present invention between two tube sheets. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] The flange connection 1 shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 serves to connect a first vessel section 2 and a second vessel section 3. Both the first vessel section 2 and the second vessel section 3 are provided with tube sheets. The first vessel section 2 is formed with a first flange 4, which in this embodiment is arranged in an extension of the first tube sheet 5. A flange hole 6 is arranged at the radial end of the first tube sheet 5. The first tube sheet 5 is adjacent to a first vessel section wall 7. A plurality of tubes 8 are guided through the first tube sheet 5 and are connected to the first tube sheet 5 in a liquid-tight manner. Similarly, the second vessel section 3 is formed with a second flange 9 and a second tube sheet 10, which are arranged in an extension of the second tube sheet 10. A flange hole 11 is arranged at the radial end of the second tube sheet 10 and is aligned with the flange hole 6. Fixing means, not shown in this figure, are guided through the flange holes 6, 11 and connect the first flange 4 and the second flange 9. A second tube sheet 10 adjoins the second vessel section wall 12. A plurality of tubes 13 are guided through the second tube sheet 10 and are connected to the second tube sheet 10 in a liquid-tight manner. A spacer 14 is located between the first flange 4 and the second flange 9.

[0031] The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is used with a tube bundle reactor with a direct-coupled quench cooler, for example, for producing acrolein. In this case, the reaction gas is conducted from top to bottom through the reactor. Such a configuration is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,623,299. In this case, the second tube sheet 10 forms the lower tube sheet of the tube bundle reactor as the second vessel section 3, and the first tube sheet 5 forms the upper tube sheet of a tube bundle heat exchanger configured as a quench cooler as the first vessel section 2. Due to this vessel combination, the tube bundle reactor has a significantly higher temperature during operation due to the exothermic gas-phase reactions occurring therein compared to a quench cooler directly connected to the tube bundle reactor. As a result, the second tube sheet 10 expands significantly, particularly in radial length, compared to the first tube sheet 5 of the quench cooler.

[0032] The gas-tight sealing of the flange connection is achieved by a weld lip seal 15. In this embodiment, the weld lip seal 15 is formed by a curved membrane tube 16, which in this embodiment has a semicircular cross section cut in the longitudinal direction, and a first weld lip 17. The membrane tube 16 has an expansion compensation function acting in the radial direction relative to the vessel axis. In this embodiment, a first longitudinal edge 18 of the membrane tube 16 is fixed in a liquid-tight manner to the interior of the first vessel part, in this embodiment to the first tube sheet 5, preferably via a welded connection as shown in FIG. 1. The first weld seam is also called a fixing seam. A second longitudinal edge 19 of the membrane tube 16 is connected to the first weld lip 17 via a weld seam at a non-zero angle α. In the cross section of the membrane tube 16, the centre of curvature 20 of the membrane tube 16 is located laterally of the second longitudinal edge 19 and faces the interior of the container in the installed state.

[0033] In the installed state, the first weld lip 17 extends radially outward between the first flange 4 and the second flange 9 via a separation joint 21. The first weld lip 17 forms a sliding surface 22 on the side facing the first vessel portion. The first weld lip 17 is disposed opposite a second weld lip 23 on the side facing the second vessel portion 3, and is fixed in a liquid-tight manner via a front weld connection 24, preferably located radially outward. This second weld seam is also referred to as a sealing seam. The second weld lip 23 is connected to a spacer 14, which is connected to the second tube sheet 10 of the second vessel portion 3. During operation, the second tube sheet 10 expands relative to the first tube sheet 5. The second tube sheet 10 is freely movable radially outward along the sliding surface 22. In the process, the membrane tubes 16 are elastically pulled apart in the radial direction, but even in this state, the gas-tightness of the flange connection 1 can be ensured. For example, the outer bevel 25 of the flange creates a larger free space, which improves the accessibility of the front weld connection 24. Since the membrane tubes 16 are oriented in the radial direction, the volume of the intermediate space 26 is minimized. Here, the tube sheet distance 27 between the first tube sheet 5 and the second tube position 10 is selected to be large enough to maintain a predetermined minimum distance 28 from the membrane tubes 16 to the nearest tube sheet, i.e., the second tube sheet 10 in this embodiment.

[0034] FIG. 2 shows an example of the typical embodiment shown in FIG. 1. Only the essential differences will be described here. Here, the weld lip seal 15 is formed as a bent part integrated with the functional areas of the membrane pipe 16 and the first weld lip 17. The connection angle α in this case is defined by the tangent at the turning point 29 and the vertical axis of the vessel. In this embodiment, a single sheet in the form of an annular sector can be used as raw material if the bent part corresponding to the membrane pipe 16 is manufactured through a step-by-step bending process using a bending machine with approximately spherical rolls. Manufacturing with compression is also possible. This approach requires high investment costs due to its one-off nature. However, it has the advantage that the mechanical quality of the transition is significantly better than that of a welded seam, since defects in the welded seam at the transition from the membrane pipe 16 to the first weld lip 17 are prevented. In this case, the first weld lip 17 is supported on a separate weld lip support 30, which is connected to the first flange 5 in a liquid-tight manner. To further reduce the tubesheet distance 27, a step 31 is provided in the tubesheet on the convex side of the membrane tube 16, so that the membrane tube 16 protrudes a short distance into the step 31. The membrane tube 16 is positioned so as to maintain a minimum radial distance 32 relative to the spacer 14. To monitor the tightness of the weld lip seal 15, an outer inspection passage 33 is drilled in the first flange 4. A connection to the gas space facing the opposite pressure side is made through an inner inspection passage 34 that intersects with the outer inspection passage 33. A suitable connection means 35 is provided at the entrance of the outer inspection passage 33, to which a pressure gauge and / or a gas analyzer can be connected.

[0035] FIG. 3 shows a further possible embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In this embodiment, the first longitudinal edge 18 of the membrane tube 16 is fixed in a liquid-tight manner to the interior of the first vessel part, in this embodiment to the first tube sheet 5. The second longitudinal end 19 of the membrane tube 16 is fixed to an intermediate block 36. In this embodiment, the first welding lip 17, which leads radially outward, is an integral part of the intermediate block 36. The intermediate block 36 is supported by a welding lip support 30 and forms a sliding surface 22 on its contact surface with the welding lip support 30. On its side facing the second vessel part, the first welding lip 17 is arranged opposite the second welding lip 23 and is connected to the second welding lip 23 via a front welding connection 24. The second welding lip 23 is connected to a spacer 14, which is connected to a support 37, which is connected to the second tube sheet 10 of the second vessel part 3. The relative radial movement of the two flanges 4, 9 is facilitated via a sliding material coating 38 on the separation joint 21. Conventional seals 39 in the grooves allow the vessel to be commissioned under pressure without the need for welded seams. A further reduction of the distance 27 is made possible by a step 31 on the side of the tubesheet opposite the convex surface of the membrane tube.

[0036] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the membrane tube 16 is connected at its first longitudinal edge 18 in a liquid-tight manner to the first intermediate block 36.1, which in turn is connected to the first spacer 14.1 and finally to the first tube sheet 5. All connections are liquid-tight. Further vessel features, such as vessel wall and flange details, are omitted for brevity's sake. From the first longitudinal edge 18 of the membrane tube 16, the membrane tube 16 is first guided radially inward and then, with the same curvature, returns to the flange to the outside where the membrane tube 16 is connected. The second longitudinal edge 19 of the membrane tube 16 is connected to the second intermediate block 36.2 at a non-zero angle α. The welding lip 17, which leads radially outward, is an integral part of the second intermediate block 36.2. In the cross section of the membrane tube 16, the center of curvature 20 of the membrane tube 16 is located on the side of the second longitudinal edge that faces the interior of the vessel in the installed state. The rest of the configuration is identical to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. On the side of the first welding lip 17 facing the second vessel part, the first welding lip 17 is arranged opposite the second welding lip 23 and is fixed to the second welding lip 23 in a liquid-tight manner. In this case, the second welding lip 23 is an integral part of the second spacer 14.2. The sliding surface 22 of the welding lip seal is formed by the contact surfaces of the first intermediate block 36.1 and the second intermediate block 36.2. The embodiment of the membrane tube with a substantially circular cross section connected to the first intermediate block 36.1 and the second intermediate block 36.2 has the advantage of minimizing radial inward extension, if desired for design reasons. For a given flexible circumference of a semicircular membrane tube, this embodiment allows the diameter of the membrane tube to be reduced. Furthermore, the distance between the tube sheets can be further reduced by a step 31 in at least one tube sheet. Furthermore, this embodiment has the advantage that the functional components 36.1, 16, 36.2 can be pre-manufactured on the outside of the vessel by means of welded seams 18, 19 and then connected to the vessel without processing the sensitive membrane tube 16.

[0037] In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5 , the concave surface of the membrane tube 16 represents the pressure side of the intermediate space 26 between the first tube sheet 5 and the second tube sheet 10. Again, the first longitudinal edge 18 of the membrane tube 16 is fixed in a liquid-tight manner inside the first vessel section, in this embodiment to the first tube sheet 5. The second longitudinal end 19 of the membrane tube 16 is fixed to the intermediate block 36. Due to the special arrangement of the membrane tube in this embodiment, the connection angle α of the membrane tube to the intermediate block is greater than 90°. Therefore, in this embodiment, the connection angle β of the membrane tube to the tube sheet is greater than 180°. In this embodiment, the first welding lip 17, which extends radially outward, is an integral part of the intermediate block 36. The intermediate block 36 is supported by a welding lip support 30, which in this embodiment functions as a spacer. At its contact surface with the welding lip support 30, the intermediate block 36 forms a sliding surface 22. On its side facing the second vessel part, the first weld lip 17 is arranged opposite the second weld lip 23 and is connected to it via a front weld connection 24. The second weld lip 23 is an integral part of the spacer 14 which is connected to the second tube sheet 10 of the second vessel part 3. The tube sheet distance 27 can be further reduced by a step 31 on the tube sheet side opposite the convex surface of the membrane tube.

[0038] FIG. 6 shows the flange connection 1 between the first tube sheet 5 of the first vessel section 2 and the gas inlet hood 40 of the second vessel section 3. The gas inlet hood 40 essentially consists of a curved bottom 41, a block flange 42, a conical displacer 43, a connecting means 44, and a gas inlet (not shown). Gas entering through the gas inlet flows into the intermediate space 26 between the first tube sheet 5 and the displacer 43 and then flows out of the intermediate space 26 to the reaction tubes 8. In the case of explosive gases, the objective is to minimize the volume of the intermediate space 26 to limit the effects of a possible explosion. In this case, a larger differential expansion occurs between the hot first tube sheet 5 of the tube bundle reactor and the gas inlet hood 40 with the block flange 42, through which the relatively cool reaction gas flows. This differential expansion is compensated by the welded lip seal 15, in which the membrane tube 16 is welded to the displacer 43 at the first longitudinal edge 18 of the welded lip seal 15. In this case, the membrane tube 16 is first welded to the intermediate plate 45, and then the intermediate plate 45 is welded to the displacer 43. The reason for providing such an intermediate plate 45 is that the gas inlet hood 40 represents a pressure vessel. Such a pressure vessel is not permitted to be modified after receiving final certification from the inspection agency. If it becomes necessary to replace all or part of the membrane tube 16, only the weld seam of the intermediate plate is opened, but the opened intermediate plate is no longer functionally part of the actual pressure vessel.

[0039] Similarly, in the exemplary embodiment described above, the weld lip seal is connected to the flange. The first weld lip 17 is connected to the second weld lip 23 via a front weld connection 24. In this embodiment, the second weld lip 23 is also an integral part of the spacer 14.

[0040] FIG. 7 shows a typical embodiment with a particularly large radial compensation capacity and a short tube sheet distance. In this embodiment, the expansion element consists of a double-wave membrane tube 46, each of whose convex portions extends into the step 31 of the oppositely disposed tube sheet. In this embodiment, the first longitudinal edge 18 of the first membrane tube 16 adjoins the second membrane tube 47, which is connected in a fluid-tight manner to the first tube sheet 5. The other functional components are clear from the description of the drawings. A membrane tube consisting of multiple radial sections is appropriate when the additional radial space requirement plays only a subordinate role compared to the expansion feature. In principle, embodiments with more than two membrane tube sections are also possible but are not shown.

[0041] Preferably, the radially outer end of the membrane tube is connected to a flange that expands more during operation than the other flanges. Connection to a flange that expands less is also possible. However, in this process, the membrane tube is compressed, and it is necessary to provide sufficient axial movement space for the membrane tube in the tube sheet.

[0042] As can be seen from the exemplary embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 7, the location of the membrane tubes can vary. For this reason, the location of the membrane tubes is first determined, and the diameter and wall thickness of the membrane tubes are determined accordingly. The calculation is based on the maximum expected temperature difference between the first tube sheet 5 and the second tube sheet 10, which corresponds to the material properties and the maximum expected differential expansion. To compensate for the differential expansion between the first tube sheet 5 and the second tube sheet 10, a preferred elastic embodiment is desirable. This is achieved by a preferred diameter and thin wall thickness of the membrane tubes 16. Meanwhile, sufficient strength against the gas pressure in the intermediate space 26 is required, which is achieved by a preferred diameter and thin wall thickness of the membrane tubes. Apart from this, fatigue strength and the minimum distance 27 of the membrane tube 16 relative to the next tube sheet must be taken into account. Therefore, the dimensions of the membrane tubes are determined by optimization calculations that take all surrounding conditions into account.

[0043] In all embodiments, the welded lip seal is preferably manufactured from a continuous piece. However, if the flange diameter is very large, or if the welded lip seal is to be replaced, the welded lip seal can be pre-manufactured in multiple transportable annular sections. At the assembly site, the annular sections are joined to form a complete annulus, which is then installed into the vessel.

[0044] Within the scope of the present invention, the individual features of the exemplary embodiments shown can be combined with one another in various ways. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 1 Flange connection 2. First container part 3 Second container part 4 First flange 5. First tube sheet 6 Flange hole (first flange) 7 First vessel wall 8 (first tube sheet) tube 9 Second flange 10 Second tube sheet 11 Flange hole (second flange) 12 Second vessel wall 14 spacer 14.1 First spacer 14.2 Second Spacer 15 Welded lip seal 16 Membrane tube 17 First welding lip 18 (of membrane tube 16) first longitudinal edge 19 (of membrane tube 16) second longitudinal edge 20 (membrane tube 16) curvature center point 21 Separation joint 22 Sliding surface 23 Second welding lip 24 Front welded joint 25 Flange side bevel 26 Intermediate Space 27 Tubesheet distance 28 Minimum distance from membrane tube to adjacent tube sheet 29 Turning Point 30 Welded lip support 31 Step 32 Minimum radial distance 33 Outer Inspection Passage 34 Inner Inspection Passage 35 Connection Methods 36 Intermediate Block 36.1 First intermediate block 36.2 Second intermediate block 37 Support 38 Sliding material coating 39 Seals 40 Gas inlet hood 41 curved bottom 42 Block flange 43 Displacer 44 Connection Methods 45 Intermediate plate 46 Two-wave membrane tube 47 Further (second) membrane tube α Connection angle of membrane pipe to first weld lip β Connection angle of membrane tube to first container

Claims

1. A flange connection (1) having a welded lip seal (15) for two vessel parts (2, 3) of a pressure vessel, comprising: The flange connection portion (1) a membrane tube (16) cut in the longitudinal direction, the membrane tube (16) being configured to be subjected to the pressure of the pressure space of the pressure vessel, and a first longitudinal edge (18) of the membrane tube (16) being connectable in a liquid-tight manner to the inside of a first vessel part (2) inside the pressure vessel; a first welding lip (17) adjacent in a liquid-tight manner to the second longitudinal edge (19) of the membrane tube (16), the first welding lip (17) extending, in an installed state, to the outside of the pressure space through a separation joint (21) between the flanges (4, 9) of the two container parts (2, 3); a second welding lip (23) connectable to the second container part (3) in a liquid-tight manner; It has The first welding lip (17) and the second welding lip (23) are connected to each other in a liquid-tight manner at surfaces of the first welding lip (17) and the second welding lip (23) facing each other and at front welding connection portions (24) arranged radially outward of the first welding lip (17) and the second welding lip (23), In the flange connection (1), the first welding lip (17) forms a sliding surface (22) on the side facing the first container part (2), In the cross section of the membrane tube (16), the membrane tube (16) forms a non-zero connection angle α with the first welding lip (17) at the second longitudinal edge (19) of the membrane tube (16), a flange connection (1) characterized in that the centre of curvature (20) of the membrane tube (16) is located on the side of the second longitudinal edge (19) facing the interior of the pressure vessel in the installed state.

2. 2. The flange connection (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the membrane tube (16) is connected to the first welding lip (17) via a welded connection.

3. 2. The flange connection (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the membrane tube (16) and the first welding lip (17) are formed integrally as a bent portion.

4. 4. The flange connection (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the membrane tube (16) extends over at least 180° in the cross section of the membrane tube (16).

5. 5. The flange connection (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cross section of the membrane tube (16) is arc-shaped.

6. The flange connection (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the connection angle α is between 45° and 135°.

7. 7. A flange connection (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first longitudinal edge (18) adjoins a further membrane tube (47) that is cut open in the longitudinal direction.

8. A pressure vessel having at least two vessel sections (2, 3), the pressure vessel having flanges (4, 9), A pressure vessel, characterized in that the flanges (4, 9) are arranged opposite each other in the pressure space of the pressure vessel and are connected to each other via a flange connection (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. the container parts (2, 3) have different temperatures, 9. A pressure vessel according to claim 8, characterized in that the first longitudinal end (18) is connected to a cooler vessel part in the pressure space.

10. 10. The pressure vessel according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that at least one spacer (14, 14.1, 14.2) is arranged between at least one welding lip (17, 23) and the flange located opposite the at least one welding lip (17, 23).

11. 11. Pressure vessel according to claim 10, characterized in that the sliding surface (22) is formed between the first welding lip (17) and the spacer (14.1).

12. the first weld lip (17) and the second weld lip (23) are disposed off-center with respect to a central plane located between the flanges in the longitudinal direction of the pressure vessel; 12. The pressure vessel according to claim 8, wherein the membrane tube (16) is curved toward a side where the distance between the first welding lip (17) and the second welding lip (23) and the flange (4, 9) is greater.

13. A flange connection portion (1) as described in claim 6, characterized in that the connection angle α is 60° to 120°.

14. A flange connection portion (1) as described in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the connection angle α is 70° to 100°.

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