Power System

Abstract

To provide a power supply system capable of promptly ensuring the power output performance of a power storage device at the time of cold starting.SOLUTION: A power supply system is equipped with a capacity type first battery, an output type second battery that has a heat capacity smaller than that of the first battery, a voltage converter that converts voltage between first and second power circuits, a power converter that convers power between the first power circuit and a drive motor, and power control means that operates the voltage converter and the power converter to control the charging / discharging of the first and second batteries. The power control means executes power pass control that receives power between the first and second batteries until a total output upper limit Ptot_max of all batteries including the first and second batteries exceeds a traveling possible threshold value Pready1 after starting, and then executes a second priority control that preferentially discharges the second battery than the first battery until a first output upper limit P1_max of the first battery exceeds a margin traveling threshold value Pready2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a power supply system, and more particularly to a power supply system including two power storage devices. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, there has been active development of electric vehicles, such as electric transport equipment equipped with a drive motor as a power generation source and hybrid vehicles equipped with a drive motor and an internal combustion engine as power generation sources. Such electric vehicles are also equipped with power supply devices such as electricity storage devices (batteries, capacitors, etc.) and fuel cells to supply electric energy to the drive motor. In addition, electric vehicles equipped with multiple power supply devices with different characteristics have been developed in recent years.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses an invention relating to an electric vehicle that runs on power output from a first power storage device and a second power storage device. When the temperature of a power storage device such as a secondary battery or a capacitor drops, its power output performance also drops. Therefore, when starting an electric vehicle in a low-temperature environment (a so-called cold start), it is necessary to raise the temperature of these power storage devices until the power output performance required to run the electric vehicle is ensured by these power storage devices. In the electric vehicle disclosed in Patent Document 1, during a cold start, power is exchanged between the first power storage device and the second power storage device, and the first and second power storage devices are heated by heat generated during charging and discharging. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4379441 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In the electric vehicle shown in Patent Document 1, when a cold start is performed, power is exchanged between the first and second power storage devices as described above until the desired driving performance (for example, driving performance that allows for comfortable driving, as described below) is ensured by these power storage devices, so it may take some time before the vehicle can be driven.

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system that can quickly ensure the power output performance of a power storage device during a cold start. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] (1) A power supply system (for example, a power supply system 1 described later) according to the present invention includes a first power circuit (for example, a first power circuit 2 described later) having a first power storage device (for example, a first battery B1 described later), a second power circuit (for example, a second power circuit 3 described later) having a second power storage device (for example, a second battery B2 described later) having a heat capacity smaller than that of the first power storage device, a voltage converter (for example, a voltage converter 5 described later) that converts voltage between the first power circuit and the second power circuit, a power converter (for example, a power converter 43 described later) that converts power between the first power circuit and a rotating electric machine (for example, a drive motor M described later), and a power converter that controls charging and discharging of the first and second power storage devices by operating the voltage converter and the power converter. and a power control means (e.g., a management ECU 71, a motor ECU 72, and a converter ECU 73, which will be described later) for controlling the first and second power storage devices, wherein, after startup, the power control means executes a power path control for exchanging power between the first and second power storage devices until a first condition relating to the power output performance of both or either of the first and second power storage devices (e.g., a first output upper limit P1_max, a second output upper limit P2_max, and a total output upper limit Ptot_max, which will be described later) is satisfied, and then executes a second priority control for discharging the second power storage device in preference to the first power storage device until a second condition relating to the power output performance of both or either of the first and second power storage devices is satisfied.

[0008] (2) In this case, it is preferable that the second power storage device has a higher output weight density and a lower energy weight density than the first power storage device.

[0009] (3) A power supply system (for example, a power supply system 1 described later) according to the present invention includes a first power circuit (for example, a first power circuit 2 described later) having a first power storage device (for example, a first battery B1 described later), a second power circuit (for example, a second power circuit 3 described later) having a second power storage device (for example, a second battery B2 described later) having a higher output weight density and a lower energy weight density than the first power storage device, a voltage converter (for example, a voltage converter 5 described later) that converts voltage between the first power circuit and the second power circuit, a power converter (for example, a power converter 43 described later) that converts power between the first power circuit and a rotating electric machine (for example, a drive motor M described later), and power control means (for example, a power control means 44 described later) that controls charging and discharging of the first and second power storage devices by operating the voltage converter and the power converter. The power control means is characterized in that, after startup, it performs power path control to exchange power between the first power storage device and the second power storage device until a first condition related to the power output performance of both or either of the first power storage device and the second power storage device (for example, a first output upper limit P1_max, a second output upper limit P2_max, and a total output upper limit Ptot_max described below) is satisfied, and then performs second priority control to discharge the second power storage device in preference to the first power storage device until a second condition related to the power output performance of both or either of the first power storage device and the second power storage device (for example, a first output upper limit P1_max, a second output upper limit P2_max, and a total output upper limit Ptot_max described below) is satisfied.

[0010] (4) In this case, it is preferable that the second power storage device has a smaller heat capacity than the first power storage device.

[0011] (5) In this case, the power supply system preferably further includes a required output acquisition means (e.g., a management ECU 71 described below and pedals P) for acquiring the required output of the rotating electric machine, and in the second priority control, the power control means preferably operates the voltage converter and the power converter so that the shortfall obtained by subtracting a second output upper limit, which is the upper limit of the power that can be output from the second storage device, from the required output is output from the first storage device.

[0012] (6) In this case, it is preferable that the second condition is that a first output upper limit, which is the upper limit of the power that can be output from the first storage device, exceeds a second condition threshold, and that the power control means executes normal control to discharge the first storage device preferentially over the second storage device.

[0013] (7) In this case, it is preferable that, during the normal control, the power control means charges the second power storage device with the power output from the first power storage device.

[0014] (8) In this case, the power supply system further includes a first cooling device (e.g., first cooling device 91 described below) that cools the first storage device, and a first cooling output control device (e.g., management ECU 71 and cooling circuit ECU 76 described below) that controls the first cooling output of the first cooling device, and it is preferable that the first cooling output control device reduces the first cooling output until the second condition is satisfied compared to after the second condition is satisfied.

[0015] (9) In this case, the power supply system further includes a second cooling device (e.g., second cooling device 92 described below) that cools the second storage device, and a second cooling output control device (e.g., management ECU 71 and cooling circuit ECU 76 described below) that controls the second cooling output of the second cooling device, and it is preferable that the second cooling output control device reduces the second cooling output until the first condition is satisfied compared to after the first condition is satisfied. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] (1) In the present invention, after startup of the power supply system, the power control means executes power path control to exchange power between the first power storage device and the second power storage device, thereby raising the temperatures of the first and second power storage devices, until a first condition related to the power output performance of both or either of the first and second power storage devices is satisfied. Thereafter, the power control means executes second priority control to prioritize discharging the second power storage device over the first power storage device until a second condition related to the power output performance is satisfied. Here, in the present invention, the second power storage device has a smaller heat capacity than the first power storage device. Therefore, according to the present invention, by executing power path control and second priority control during a cold start, the second power storage device can be heated more quickly than the first power storage device, and the required power output performance can be quickly ensured mainly by the second power storage device.

[0017] (2) In the present invention, by using an output type second storage device having a higher output weight density and a lower energy weight density than the first storage device, the second storage device can be heated up more quickly when power path control and second priority control are executed, and therefore the required power output performance can be secured more quickly mainly by the second storage device.

[0018] (3) In the present invention, an output type second power storage device having a higher output weight density and a lower energy weight density than the first power storage device is used. Therefore, according to the present invention, by executing power path control and second priority control during a cold start, the output type second power storage device can be heated more quickly than the capacity type first power storage device, and the required power output performance can be quickly ensured mainly by the second power storage device.

[0019] (4) In the present invention, by using a second storage device having a smaller heat capacity than the first storage device, the second storage device can be heated up more quickly when power path control and second priority control are executed, and therefore the required power output performance can be ensured more quickly mainly by the second storage device.

[0020] (5) In the present invention, during second priority control, the power control means operates the voltage converter and the power converter so that a shortage obtained by subtracting a second output upper limit, which is an upper limit of power that can be output from the second power storage device, from the required output of the rotating electric machine is output from the first power storage device. As a result, after the first condition is satisfied, the rotating electric machine is driven by supplying power according to the required output from the first power circuit to the rotating electric machine, while the second power storage device is actively discharged, and the temperature of the second power storage device can be raised quickly.

[0021] (6) In the present invention, the power control means executes the second priority control until the first output upper limit of the first power storage device exceeds the second condition threshold, and then executes normal control to preferentially discharge the second power storage device (or the output-type second power storage device) having a smaller heat capacity than the first power storage device. This allows the temperature of the first power storage device to be further increased after the second condition is satisfied, thereby further improving the power output performance of the first power storage device.

[0022] (7) In the present invention, during normal control after the second condition is satisfied, the power control means charges the second power storage device with power output from the first power storage device. This ensures a sufficient remaining capacity in the second power storage device, whose power output performance has been sufficiently improved through the power path control and the second priority control, while accelerating the temperature rise of the first power storage device and further improving the power output performance of the first power storage device.

[0023] (8) In the present invention, the first cooling output control device reduces the first cooling output of the first cooling device until the second condition is satisfied, i.e., while the temperature of the second power storage device is mainly increased by the power path control and the second priority control, compared to after the second condition is satisfied, thereby shortening the time until the second condition is satisfied.

[0024] (9) In the present invention, the second cooling output control device reduces the second cooling output of the second cooling device that cools the second power storage device until the first condition is satisfied, i.e., while the temperature of the second power storage device is being increased by the power path control, compared to after the first condition is satisfied, i.e., while the temperature of the second power storage device is being increased by executing the second priority control. This makes it possible to shorten the time until the first condition is satisfied, i.e., until power can be supplied to the rotating electric machine. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a vehicle equipped with a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a voltage converter. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a cooling circuit. [Figure 4] 10 is a flowchart showing a specific procedure of a power management process. [Figure 5] 4 is a flowchart showing a specific procedure of cold start control. [Figure 6] 6 is a time chart showing changes over time in a first output upper limit, a second output upper limit, and a total output upper limit when cold start control is executed at startup. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a four-wheeled electric vehicle V (hereinafter simply referred to as "vehicle") equipped with a power supply system 1 according to this embodiment. Note that in this embodiment, a case where the power supply system 1 is installed in a four-wheeled vehicle V will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this. The power supply system according to the present invention may be applied not only to four-wheeled vehicles V, but also to moving bodies and stationary power sources that move using propulsion force generated by a rotating electric machine, such as saddle-type vehicles, ships, robots, and unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0027] The vehicle V includes drive wheels W, a drive motor M as a rotating electric machine connected to the drive wheels W, and a power supply system 1 that exchanges electric power between the drive motor M and a first battery B1 and a second battery B2 (described later). Note that in this embodiment, the vehicle V is described as an example in which acceleration and deceleration are mainly performed by power generated by the drive motor M, but the present invention is not limited to this. The vehicle V may also be a so-called hybrid vehicle equipped with the drive motor M and an engine as power generation sources.

[0028] The drive motor M is connected to the drive wheels W via a power transmission mechanism (not shown). The torque generated by the drive motor M when three-phase AC power is supplied from the power supply system 1 to the drive motor M is transmitted to the drive wheels W via the power transmission mechanism (not shown), causing the drive wheels W to rotate and the vehicle V to travel. The drive motor M also functions as a generator when the vehicle V is decelerating, generating regenerative power and applying regenerative braking torque to the drive wheels W according to the magnitude of this regenerative power. The regenerative power generated by the drive motor M is appropriately charged into the batteries B1, B2 of the power supply system 1.

[0029] The power supply system 1 includes a first power circuit 2 connected to a first battery B1, a second power circuit 3 connected to a second battery B2, a voltage converter 5 connecting the first power circuit 2 and the second power circuit 3, a load circuit 4 having various electric loads including a drive motor M, a cooling circuit 9 that cools the first battery B1 and the second battery B2, and a group of electronic control units 7 that operate the power circuits 2, 3, and 4, the cooling circuit 9, and the voltage converter 5 to control the flow of power in the power circuits 2, 3, and 4, the charging and discharging of batteries B1 and B2, and the cooling output of the cooling circuit 9. The group of electronic control units 7 includes a management ECU 71, a motor ECU 72, a converter ECU 73, a first battery ECU 74, a second battery ECU 75, and a cooling circuit ECU 76, each of which is a computer.

[0030] The first battery B1 is a secondary battery that can both discharge (convert chemical energy to electrical energy) and charge (convert electrical energy to chemical energy). In the following, a case will be described in which the first battery B1 is a so-called lithium ion storage battery that charges and discharges by the movement of lithium ions between electrodes, but the present invention is not limited to this.

[0031] The first battery B1 is provided with a first battery sensor unit 81 for estimating the internal state of the first battery B1. The first battery sensor unit 81 is composed of a plurality of sensors that detect physical quantities necessary for the first battery ECU 74 to obtain the temperature and the charging rate (the amount of charge stored in the battery expressed as a percentage) corresponding to the remaining capacity of the first battery B1, and transmit signals corresponding to the detected values ​​to the first battery ECU 74. More specifically, the first battery sensor unit 81 is composed of a voltage sensor that detects the terminal voltage of the first battery B1, a current sensor that detects the current flowing through the first battery B1, a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the first battery B1, and the like.

[0032] The second battery B2 is a secondary battery capable of both discharging (converting chemical energy into electrical energy) and charging (converting electrical energy into chemical energy). The following description will be given of a case where the second battery B2 is a so-called lithium-ion battery that charges and discharges by the movement of lithium ions between electrodes, but the present invention is not limited to this. The second battery B2 may also be, for example, a capacitor.

[0033] The second battery B2 is provided with a second battery sensor unit 82 for estimating the internal state of the second battery B2. The second battery sensor unit 82 is composed of a plurality of sensors that detect physical quantities necessary for the second battery ECU 75 to acquire the charging rate, temperature, etc. of the second battery B2 and transmit signals corresponding to the detected values ​​to the second battery ECU 75. More specifically, the second battery sensor unit 82 is composed of a voltage sensor that detects the terminal voltage of the second battery B2, a current sensor that detects the current flowing through the second battery B2, a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the second battery B2, etc.

[0034] Here, the characteristics of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 are compared. The first battery B1 has a lower output weight density and a higher energy weight density than the second battery B2. The first battery B1 also has a larger discharge capacity than the second battery B2. That is, the first battery B1 is superior to the second battery B2 in terms of energy weight density. The energy weight density is the amount of power per unit weight [Wh / kg], and the output weight density is the power per unit weight [W / kg]. Therefore, the first battery B1, which has a superior energy weight density, is a capacity-type battery storage device primarily designed for high capacity, while the second battery B2, which has a superior output weight density, is an output-type battery storage device primarily designed for high output. Therefore, in the power supply system 1, the first battery B1 is used as a main power supply, and the second battery B2 is used as a secondary power supply that supplements the first battery B1. The second battery B2 also has a smaller thermal capacity than the first battery B1. Therefore, the second battery B2 heats up more quickly than the first battery B1.

[0035] The first power circuit 2 includes a first battery B1, first power lines 21p, 21n connecting the positive and negative poles of the first battery B1 to the positive and negative terminals on the high-voltage side of the voltage converter 5, and a positive contactor 22p and a negative contactor 22n provided on the first power lines 21p, 21n.

[0036] The contactors 22p, 22n are of a normally open type that are open when no command signal is input from an external source, thereby breaking electrical continuity between both electrodes of the first battery B1 and the first power lines 21p, 21n, and are closed when a command signal is input, thereby connecting the first battery B1 and the first power lines 21p, 21n. These contactors 22p, 22n open and close in response to a command signal transmitted from the first battery ECU 74. The positive electrode contactor 22p is a pre-charge contactor having a pre-charge resistor for mitigating inrush current to multiple smoothing capacitors provided in the first power circuit 2, the load circuit 4, etc.

[0037] The second power circuit 3 includes a second battery B2, second power lines 31p, 31n connecting the positive and negative poles of the second battery B2 to the positive and negative terminals on the low-voltage side of the voltage converter 5, a positive contactor 32p and a negative contactor 32n provided on the second power lines 31p, 31n, and a current sensor 33 provided on the second power line 31p.

[0038] The contactors 32p, 32n are of a normally open type that are open when no external command signal is input, thereby breaking electrical continuity between both electrodes of the second battery B2 and the second power lines 31p, 31n, and are closed when a command signal is input, thereby connecting the second battery B2 and the second power lines 31p, 31n. These contactors 32p, 32n open and close in response to a command signal transmitted from the second battery ECU 75. The positive electrode contactor 32p is a pre-charge contactor having a pre-charge resistor for mitigating inrush current to multiple smoothing capacitors provided in the first power circuit 2, the load circuit 4, etc.

[0039] Current sensor 33 transmits to converter ECU 73 a detection signal corresponding to the current flowing through second power line 31p, i.e., the passing current which is the current flowing through voltage converter 5. In this embodiment, the direction of the passing current is positive from the second power circuit 3 side to the first power circuit 2 side, and negative from the first power circuit 2 side to the second power circuit 3 side. In other words, the passing current of voltage converter 5 is positive when second battery B2 is discharging, and negative when second battery B2 is charging.

[0040] The load circuit 4 includes a vehicle accessory 42, a power converter 43 connected to the drive motor M, and load power lines 41p, 41n connecting the vehicle accessory 42 and the power converter 43 to the first power circuit 2.

[0041] The vehicle auxiliary equipment 42 is composed of a plurality of electrical loads, such as a battery heater, an air compressor, a DC-DC converter, and an on-board charger. The vehicle auxiliary equipment 42 is connected to the first power lines 21p, 21n of the first power circuit 2 by load power lines 41p, 41n, and operates by consuming power from the first power lines 21p, 21n. Information regarding the operating states of the various electrical loads that make up the vehicle auxiliary equipment 42 is transmitted to, for example, the management ECU 71.

[0042] The power converter 43 is connected to the first power lines 21p, 21n by load power lines 41p, 41n so as to be in parallel with the vehicle accessories 42. The power converter 43 converts power between the first power lines 21p, 21n and the drive motor M. The power converter 43 is, for example, a pulse-width modulated PWM inverter equipped with a bridge circuit formed by connecting a plurality of switching elements (e.g., IGBTs) in a bridge configuration, and has a function of converting DC power and AC power. The DC input / output side of the power converter 43 is connected to the first power lines 21p, 21n, and the AC input / output side is connected to the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase coils of the drive motor M. The power converter 43 drives the switching elements of each phase on and off in accordance with a gate drive signal generated at a predetermined timing from a gate drive circuit (not shown) of the motor ECU 72, thereby converting the DC power on the first power lines 21p, 21n into three-phase AC power and supplying it to the drive motor M, or converting the three-phase AC power supplied from the drive motor M into DC power and supplying it to the first power lines 21p, 21n.

[0043] The voltage converter 5 connects the first power circuit 2 and the second power circuit 3, and converts the voltage between these circuits 2 and 3. For this voltage converter 5, a known boost circuit is used.

[0044] 2 is a diagram showing an example of the circuit configuration of the voltage converter 5. The voltage converter 5 connects first power lines 21p, 21n to which a first battery B1 is connected and second power lines 31p, 31n to which a second battery B2 is connected, and converts voltage between the first power lines 21p, 21n and the second power lines 31p, 31n. The voltage converter 5 is a full-bridge DC-DC converter configured by combining a first reactor L1, a second reactor L2, a first high arm element 53H, a first low arm element 53L, a second high arm element 54H, a second low arm element 54L, a negative bus 55, low-voltage side terminals 56p, 56n, high-voltage side terminals 57p, 57n, and a smoothing capacitor (not shown).

[0045] The low-voltage side terminals 56p, 56n are connected to the second power lines 31p, 31n, and the high-voltage side terminals 57p, 57n are connected to the first power lines 21p, 21n. The negative bus 55 is a wiring that connects the low-voltage side terminal 56n and the high-voltage side terminal 57n.

[0046] One end of the first reactor L1 is connected to the low-voltage side terminal 56p, and the other end is connected to a connection node 53 between the first high arm element 53H and the first low arm element 53L. The first high arm element 53H and the first low arm element 53L each include a known power switching element such as an IGBT or a MOSFET, and a freewheeling diode connected to the power switching element. The high arm element 53H and the low arm element 53L are connected in series, in this order, between the high-voltage side terminal 57p and the negative bus 55.

[0047] The collector of the power switching element of first high arm element 53H is connected to high-voltage side terminal 57p, and the emitter is connected to the collector of first low arm element 53L. The emitter of the power switching element of first low arm element 53L is connected to negative bus 55. The forward direction of the free wheel diode provided in first high arm element 53H is the direction from first reactor L1 to high-voltage side terminal 57p. The forward direction of the free wheel diode provided in first low arm element 53L is the direction from negative bus 55 to first reactor L1.

[0048] One end of the second reactor L2 is connected to the low-voltage side terminal 56p, and the other end is connected to a connection node 54 between the second high arm element 54H and the second low arm element 54L. The second high arm element 54H and the second low arm element 54L each include a known power switching element such as an IGBT or a MOSFET, and a freewheeling diode connected to the power switching element. The high arm element 54H and the low arm element 54L are connected in series, in this order, between the high-voltage side terminal 57p and the negative bus 55.

[0049] The collector of the power switching element of the second high arm element 54H is connected to the high-voltage side terminal 57p, and the emitter is connected to the collector of the second low arm element 54L. The emitter of the power switching element of the second low arm element 54L is connected to the negative bus 55. The forward direction of the free wheel diode provided in the second high arm element 54H is the direction from the second reactor L2 to the high-voltage side terminal 57p. The forward direction of the free wheel diode provided in the second low arm element 54L is the direction from the negative bus 55 to the second reactor L2.

[0050] The voltage converter 5 converts the voltage between the first power lines 21p, 21n and the second power lines 31p, 31n by alternately turning on and off the first high arm element 53H and the second low arm element 54L, and the first low arm element 53L and the second high arm element 54H, in accordance with a gate drive signal generated at a predetermined timing from a gate drive circuit (not shown) of the converter ECU 73.

[0051] The static voltage of second battery B2 is basically maintained lower than the static voltage of first battery B1. Therefore, the voltage of first power lines 21p, 21n is basically higher than the voltage of second power lines 31p, 31n. Therefore, when driving drive motor M using both the power output from first battery B1 and the power output from second battery B2, converter ECU 73 operates voltage converter 5 so that it performs a boost function. The boost function refers to a function of boosting the power on second power lines 31p, 31n to which low-voltage side terminals 56p, 56n are connected, and outputting the power to first power lines 21p, 21n to which high-voltage side terminals 57p, 57n are connected. As a result, a positive passing current flows from the second power lines 31p, 31n to the first power lines 21p, 21n. Furthermore, when the discharge of the second battery B2 is suppressed and the drive motor M is driven only by the power output from the first battery B1, the converter ECU 73 turns off the voltage converter 5 to prevent current from flowing from the first power lines 21p, 21n to the second power lines 31p, 31n.

[0052] Furthermore, when first battery B1 or second battery B2 is charged by regenerative power output from drive motor M to first power lines 21p, 21n during deceleration, converter ECU 73 operates voltage converter 5 to perform a step-down function. The step-down function refers to a function of stepping down the power in first power lines 21p, 21n to which high-voltage side terminals 57p, 57n are connected, and outputting the power to second power lines 31p, 31n to which low-voltage side terminals 56p, 56n are connected, causing a negative passing current to flow from the first power lines 21p, 21n to the second power lines 31p, 31n.

[0053] As described above, in the power supply system 1, the management ECU 71, motor ECU 72, and converter ECU 73 operate the voltage converter 5 and the power converter 43, and the charging and discharging of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 can be controlled by controlling the power passing through the voltage converter 5 and the power converter 43. Therefore, in this embodiment, the management ECU 71, motor ECU 72, and converter ECU 73 form a power control means for controlling the charging and discharging of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2.

[0054] Returning to FIG. 1 , the first battery ECU 74 is a computer that is primarily responsible for monitoring the state of the first battery B1 and for opening and closing the contactors 22p, 22n of the first power circuit 2. Based on a known algorithm that uses detected values ​​transmitted from the first battery sensor unit 81, the first battery ECU 74 calculates various parameters that represent the internal state of the first battery B1, more specifically, the temperature of the first battery B1, the internal resistance of the first battery B1, the static voltage of the first battery B1, the closed circuit voltage of the first battery B1, a first output upper limit that corresponds to the upper limit of the power that can be output from the first battery B1, and a first SOC that corresponds to the charging rate of the first battery B1. Information regarding the parameters that represent the internal state of the first battery B1 acquired by the first battery ECU 74 is transmitted to, for example, the management ECU 71.

[0055] The second battery ECU 75 is a computer that mainly monitors the status of the second battery B2 and opens and closes the contactors 32p, 32n of the second power circuit 3. Based on a known algorithm that uses detected values ​​transmitted from the second battery sensor unit 82, the second battery ECU 75 calculates various parameters that represent the internal state of the second battery B2, more specifically, the temperature of the second battery B2, the internal resistance of the second battery B2, the static voltage of the second battery B2, the closed circuit voltage of the second battery B2, a second output upper limit that corresponds to the upper limit of the power that can be output from the second battery B2, and a second SOC that corresponds to the charging rate of the second battery B2. Information regarding the parameters that represent the internal state of the second battery B2 acquired by the second battery ECU 75 is transmitted to, for example, the management ECU 71.

[0056] The management ECU 71 is a computer that mainly manages the flow of power throughout the power supply system 1. The management ECU 71 executes a power management process, which will be described later with reference to Fig. 4, to generate a torque command signal corresponding to a command for the torque generated by the drive motor M, and a converter passing power command signal corresponding to a command for the converter passing power, which is the power that passes through the voltage converter 5.

[0057] The motor ECU 72 is a computer that mainly operates the power converter 43 and controls the flow of power between the first power circuit 2 and the drive motor M, i.e., the flow of inverter passing power, which is power that passes through the power converter 43. Note that, hereinafter, the inverter passing power is defined as positive when power flows from the first power circuit 2 to the drive motor M, i.e., when the drive motor M is in power running operation. The inverter passing power is defined as negative when power flows from the drive motor M to the first power circuit 2, i.e., when the drive motor M is in regenerative operation. Based on a torque command signal calculated by the management ECU 71 based on a command for the inverter passing power, the motor ECU 72 operates the power converter 43 so that the drive motor M generates torque corresponding to this command.

[0058] The converter ECU 73 is a computer that mainly operates the voltage converter 5 and controls the flow of power between the first power circuit 2 and the second power circuit 3, i.e., the flow of converter passing power, which is power that passes through the voltage converter 5. Note that, hereinafter, the converter passing power is defined as positive when power flows from the second power circuit 3 to the first power circuit 2, i.e., when power is discharged from the second battery B2 and supplied to the first power circuit 2. The converter passing power is defined as negative when power flows from the first power circuit 2 to the second power circuit 3, i.e., when power in the first power circuit 2 charges the second battery B2. In response to a converter passing power command signal sent from the management ECU 71, the converter ECU 73 operates the voltage converter 5 so that the converter passing power corresponding to the command passes through the voltage converter 5. More specifically, the converter ECU 73 calculates a target current, which is a target for the passing current in the voltage converter 5, based on the converter passing power command signal, and operates the voltage converter 5 according to a known feedback control algorithm so that the passing current detected by the current sensor 33 (hereinafter also referred to as the "actual passing current") becomes the target current.

[0059] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the circuit configuration of the cooling circuit 9. The cooling circuit 9 includes a first cooling device 91 that cools the first battery B1, a second cooling device 92 that cools the second battery B2, and a third cooling device 93 that cools the voltage converter 5 and the power converter 43.

[0060] The first cooling device 91 includes a first cooling water circulation path 911 including a cooling water flow path formed in a battery case that houses the first battery B1, a first heat exchanger 912 and a first cooling water pump 913 provided in the first cooling water circulation path 911, and a heating device 94 connected to the first cooling water circulation path 911.

[0061] The first coolant pump 913 rotates in response to a command input from the cooling circuit ECU 76, and circulates the coolant in the first coolant circulation path 911. The first heat exchanger 912 promotes heat exchange between the coolant circulating in the first coolant circulation path 911 and the outside air, thereby cooling the coolant whose temperature has been increased by heat exchange with the first battery B1. The first heat exchanger 912 includes a radiator fan that rotates in response to a command input from the cooling circuit ECU 76.

[0062] The heating device 94 includes a bypass path 941 that connects the inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger 912 in the first cooling water circulation path 911 and bypasses the first heat exchanger 912, a heater 942 and a heating pump 943 provided in the bypass path 941, and three-way valves 944, 945 provided at the connection between both ends of the bypass path 941 and the first cooling water circulation path 911.

[0063] The heating pump 943 rotates in response to a command input from the cooling circuit ECU 76, and circulates the cooling water in the first cooling water circulation path 911 and the bypass path 941. The heater 942 generates heat by consuming power supplied from a battery (not shown), and raises the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the bypass path 941.

[0064] The three-way valves 944, 945 open and close in response to commands from the cooling circuit ECU 76, switching the coolant flow path between the first heat exchanger 912 side and the heater 942 side. Therefore, the first cooling device 91 has two functions: a cooling function that cools the first battery B1 by circulating coolant cooled by the first heat exchanger 912, and a heating function that heats the first battery B1 by circulating coolant heated by the heater 942. The cooling circuit ECU 76 controls the first cooling output, which corresponds to the cooling performance of the first cooling device 91 for the first battery B1, by operating the first heat exchanger 912, the first coolant pump 913, the heater 942, the heating pump 943, and the three-way valves 944, 945 based on the detected value of a coolant temperature sensor (not shown) and commands from the management ECU 71. Therefore, in this embodiment, a first cooling output control device that controls the first cooling output of the first cooling device 91 is configured by the management ECU 71 and the cooling circuit ECU 76.

[0065] The second cooling device 92 is, for example, a cooling fan that supplies outside air into the battery case that houses the second battery B2. The second cooling device 92 rotates in response to a command from the cooling circuit ECU 76, and cools the second battery B2 by supplying outside air into the battery case of the second battery B2.

[0066] The third cooling device 93 includes a third cooling water circulation path 931 including a cooling water flow path formed in a housing in which the voltage converter 5 and the power converter 43 are installed, and a third heat exchanger 932 and a third cooling water pump 933 provided in this third cooling water circulation path 931.

[0067] The third coolant pump 933 rotates in response to a command input from the cooling circuit ECU 76, and circulates the coolant in the third coolant circulation path 931. The third heat exchanger 932 promotes heat exchange between the coolant circulating in the third coolant circulation path 931 and the outside air, thereby cooling the coolant whose temperature has been increased by heat exchange with the voltage converter 5 and the power converter 43. The third heat exchanger 932 includes a radiator fan that rotates in response to a command input from the cooling circuit ECU 76.

[0068] The cooling circuit ECU 76 controls the third cooling output, which corresponds to the cooling performance of the voltage converter 5 and the power converter 43 by the third cooling device 93, by operating the third heat exchanger 932 and the third cooling water pump 933 based on the detection value of a cooling water temperature sensor (not shown) and commands from the management ECU 71.

[0069] As described above, in this embodiment, the first cooling device 91 for cooling the first battery B1 and the third cooling device 93 for cooling the voltage converter 5 and the like are water-cooled by exchanging heat with coolant, and the second cooling device 92 for cooling the second battery B2, which has a smaller heat capacity than the first battery B1, is air-cooled by exchanging heat with outside air. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The first cooling device 91 may be air-cooled, the second cooling device 92 may be water-cooled, or the third cooling device 93 may be air-cooled. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the circulation flow path for the coolant for cooling the first battery B1 and the circulation flow path for the coolant for cooling the voltage converter 5 and the power converter 43 are separate systems, but the present invention is not limited to this. Either or both of the voltage converter 5 and the power converter 43 may be cooled by the coolant for cooling the first battery B1.

[0070] 4 is a flowchart showing the specific steps of the power management process. This power management process is repeatedly executed at a predetermined interval by the management ECU 71 from when the driver turns on a start switch (not shown) to start up the vehicle V and the power supply system 1 until the driver turns off the start switch again to stop the vehicle V and the power supply system 1.

[0071] First, in step S1, the management ECU 71 obtains the first output upper limit P1_max, which is the upper limit of the power that can be output from the first battery B1, and the second output upper limit P2_max, which is the upper limit of the power that can be output from the second battery B2, from the first battery ECU 74 and the second battery ECU 75, respectively, as parameters indicating the current power output performance of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2, and then proceeds to step S2.

[0072] Next, in step S2, the management ECU 71 determines whether the first output upper limit P1_max acquired in step S1 is greater than a margin-of-travel threshold Pready2 defined as a second condition threshold (P1_max>Pready2). Note that the margin-of-travel threshold Pready2 corresponds to, for example, an electric power that allows marginal travel, more specifically, an electric power that allows high-speed travel without full-power travel using the driving force generated by the drive motor M.

[0073] If the judgment result in step S2 is YES, that is, if the first battery B1 has been heated to a level where comfortable driving is possible using only the power output from the first battery B1 and the power output performance of the first battery B1 has been secured, the management ECU 71 proceeds to step S3.

[0074] In step S3, the management ECU 71 performs normal control to discharge the first battery B1 preferentially over the second battery B2, thereby calculating a target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd corresponding to the target for the converter passing power in the voltage converter 5 and a target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd corresponding to the target for the inverter passing power in the power converter 43, and then proceeds to step S5.

[0075] In normal control, the management ECU 71 basically calculates the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd and the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd so that the entire required inverter passing power Pmot_d (see S15 in FIG. 5 described later), which is the inverter passing power required for the power converter 43, i.e., the required inverter passing power Pmot_d corresponding to the required output of the drive motor M, is supplied by the power output from the first battery B1. Furthermore, when the required inverter passing power Pmot_d exceeds the first output upper limit P1_max of the first battery B1, the management ECU 71 calculates the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd and the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd so that the shortfall obtained by subtracting the first output upper limit P1_max from the required inverter passing power Pmot_d is output from the second battery B2. Furthermore, in normal control, the management ECU 71 appropriately acquires the second SOC of the second battery B2 from the second battery ECU 75 and charges the second battery B2 with the power output from the first battery B1 as appropriate so that the second SOC is maintained within a predetermined second SOC target range. That is, when the second SOC falls below the lower limit of the second SOC target range, the management ECU 71 sets the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd to a negative value, thereby charging the second battery B2 with the power output from the first battery B1.

[0076] If the determination result in step S2 is NO, that is, if the first battery B1 has not been heated to a temperature that allows for comfortable running using only the electric power output from the first battery B1, the management ECU 71 proceeds to step S4. In step S4, the management ECU 71 executes cold start control, which will be described later with reference to FIG. 5, to calculate the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd and the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd, and then proceeds to step S5.

[0077] Next, in step S5, the management ECU 71 generates a converter passing power command signal corresponding to the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd, transmits this to the converter ECU 73, and then proceeds to step S6. As a result, power corresponding to the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd is charged to or discharged from the second battery B2.

[0078] Next, in step S6, the management ECU 71 generates a torque command signal based on the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd and sends it to the motor ECU 72, thereby ending the power management process. More specifically, the management ECU 71 converts the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd into torque to calculate a target drive torque and generates a torque command signal corresponding to this target drive torque. The motor ECU 72 operates the power converter 43 based on this torque command signal. As a result, power corresponding to the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd flows between the first power circuit 2 and the drive motor M.

[0079] FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a specific procedure for cold start control. First, in step S11, the management ECU 71 calculates a total output upper limit Ptot_max, which corresponds to the upper limit of power that can be output from all batteries, as a parameter indicating the power output performance of all batteries including the first battery B1 and the second battery B2, by adding together the first output upper limit P1_max and the second output upper limit P2_max obtained in step S1, and then proceeds to step S12.

[0080] Next, in step S12, the management ECU 71 determines whether the total output upper limit Ptot_max calculated in step S11 is greater than a travel-ready threshold value Pready1 defined as a first condition threshold value (Ptot_max>Pready1). This travel-ready threshold value Pready1 is set to a value smaller than the margin-of-travel threshold value Pready2 described above. More specifically, this travel-ready threshold value Pready1 corresponds to the lower limit of the electric power that can be used to travel in urban areas using the driving force generated by the drive motor M, for example.

[0081] If the judgment result in step S12 is NO, that is, if the power output performance of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 is not ensured to the extent that urban driving is possible with the power output from all batteries, the management ECU 71 proceeds to step S13.

[0082] In step S13, the management ECU 71 sets the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd to 0 in order to prohibit the vehicle V from traveling, and then proceeds to step S14.

[0083] Next, in step S14, the management ECU 71 executes power path control for transferring power between the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 to calculate the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd, and then proceeds to step S5 in FIG. 4. In this power path control, the management ECU 71 first acquires the first and second SOCs from the battery ECUs 74 and 75 and determines which battery to discharge and which battery to charge based on the first and second SOCs. The management ECU 71 basically designates either battery B1 or B2 with the higher SOC as the discharging battery and which battery B1 or B2 with the lower SOC as the charging battery. The management ECU 71 also calculates the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd within the upper output limit of the discharging battery so that power passes from the discharging battery to the charging battery through the voltage converter 5. For example, if the first battery B1 is the discharging battery and the second battery B2 is the charging battery, the management ECU 71 calculates the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd within the range of 0 to −P1_max. Furthermore, if the second battery B2 is the discharge battery and the first battery B1 is the charge battery, the management ECU 71 calculates the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd within the range of 0 to P2_max. As a result, in the power path control, power is supplied from the discharge battery to the charge battery via the voltage converter 5, and the temperatures of these discharge battery and charge battery are raised. Furthermore, if the SOC of the discharge battery falls below a predetermined lower limit or the SOC of the charge battery exceeds a predetermined upper limit, the management ECU 71 changes the previously discharged battery to the charge battery and the previously charge battery to the discharge battery, thereby executing the power path control until the condition of step S12 (Ptot_max>Pready1) is satisfied, thereby raising the temperatures of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2.

[0084] Furthermore, if the determination result in step S12 is YES, that is, if the power output performance of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 is ensured to the extent that urban driving is possible with the power output from all batteries, the management ECU 71 proceeds to step S15.

[0085] In step S15, the management ECU 71 calculates the driving torque required by the driver based on the amount of operation of the accelerator pedal, brake pedal, and other pedals (see Figure 1) by the driver, converts this driving torque into power, and calculates the required inverter passing power Pmot_d, which corresponds to the required output of the driving motor M, and then proceeds to step S16.

[0086] Next, in step S16, the management ECU 71 determines whether the required inverter passing power Pmot_d calculated in step S15 is equal to or less than the total output upper limit Ptot_max calculated in step S11.

[0087] If the determination result in step S16 is YES, the management ECU 71 proceeds to step S17, sets the requested inverter passing power Pmot_d as the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd (Pmot_cmd=Pmot_d), and proceeds to step S19. On the other hand, if the determination result in step S16 is NO, the management ECU 71 proceeds to step S18, sets the total output upper limit Ptot_max as the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd, and proceeds to step S19 (Pmot_cmd=Ptot_max). As described above, after the condition in step S12 is satisfied, the management ECU 71 sets the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd within the range from 0 to the total output upper limit Ptot_max to permit traveling.

[0088] In step S19, the management ECU 71 calculates the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd by executing second priority control, which gives priority to charging and discharging the second battery B2 over the first battery B1, and then proceeds to step S5 in FIG.

[0089] In the second-priority control, the management ECU 71 basically calculates the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd so that the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd is entirely covered by the power output from the second battery B2. Furthermore, when the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd exceeds the second output upper limit P2_max of the second battery B2, the management ECU 71 calculates the target converter passing power Pcnv_cmd so that the deficit, obtained by subtracting the second output upper limit P2_max from the target inverter passing power Pmot_cmd, is output from the first battery B1. In this way, after the condition of step S12 is satisfied, the management ECU 71 executes the second-priority control to primarily raise the temperature of the second battery B2 by actively charging and discharging the second battery B2 until the condition of step S2 in FIG. 4 is satisfied.

[0090] Figure 6 is a time chart showing the changes over time in the first output upper limit P1_max, the second output upper limit P2_max, the total output upper limit Ptot_max, the first cooling output, and the second cooling output when the above-mentioned cold start control is performed when the vehicle V and the power supply system 1 are started.

[0091] First, at time t0, the driver starts the vehicle V and the power supply system 1. FIG. 6 illustrates a case in which the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 are cold due to being exposed to a low-temperature environment for a long period of time, and therefore the first output upper limit P1_max at time t0 is less than the margin-of-travel threshold Pready2 and the total output upper limit Ptot_max is also less than the travel-enabled threshold Pready1 (see step S2 in FIG. 4 and step S12 in FIG. 5). Therefore, after startup at time t0, the management ECU 71 prohibits the vehicle V from traveling (see step S13 in FIG. 5) and executes power path control for exchanging power between the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 (see step S14 in FIG. 5) until the condition of step S12 in FIG. 5 is satisfied. As a result, after time t0, the temperatures of the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 gradually increase, and the first output upper limit P1_max and the second output upper limit P2_max increase. At this time, since the second battery B2 has a smaller heat capacity than the first battery B1, the temperature of the second battery B2 rises more quickly than the temperature of the first battery B1, and the second output upper limit P2_max also rises more quickly than the first output upper limit P1_max.

[0092] Thereafter, at time t1, the total output upper limit Ptot_max exceeds the travel-enabled threshold Pready1. That is, at time t1, the condition of step S12 in FIG. 5 is satisfied. Therefore, the management ECU 71 puts the vehicle V into a travel-enabled state (see steps S15 to S18 in FIG. 5), and executes second priority control in which charging and discharging is prioritized over the first battery B1 (see step S19 in FIG. 5) until the condition of step S2 in FIG. 4 is satisfied. As a result, after time t1, the temperature of the second battery B2 is increased more actively, and the second output upper limit P2_max further increases.

[0093] After that, at time t2, the total output upper limit Ptot_max exceeds the margin-traveling threshold Pready2. Therefore, although the condition of step S2 in FIG. 4 is not satisfied at time t2, vehicle V can travel with margin by using the output of all batteries, including the first battery B1 and the second battery B2.

[0094] After that, at time t3, the first output upper limit P1_max exceeds the margin running threshold Pready2. That is, at time t3, the condition of step S2 in Fig. 4 is satisfied. Therefore, the management ECU 71 executes normal control to discharge the first battery B1 with priority over the second battery B2 (see step S3 in Fig. 4).

[0095] As described above, in order to enable the vehicle V to travel quickly and quickly achieve a comfortable travelling state during a cold start in the power supply system 1, it is necessary to quickly raise the temperature of the second battery B2 in the power path control between times t0 and t1 and in the second priority control after time t1. For this reason, after startup at time t0, the cooling circuit ECU 76 preferably reduces the second cooling output of the second cooling device 92 until the condition of step S12 in FIG. 5 is satisfied at time t1, and then sets the second cooling output to normal after time t1. In other words, after startup at time t0, the cooling circuit ECU 76 preferably reduces the second cooling output from the second cooling device 92 until the condition of step S12 in FIG. 5 is satisfied at time t1, more than after time t1. Furthermore, in order to raise the first output upper limit P1_max to the margin running threshold Pready2 as quickly as possible, the cooling circuit ECU 76 preferably reduces the first cooling output by the first cooling device 91 after activation at time t0 until the condition of step S2 in Fig. 4 is satisfied at time t2, and then reduces the first cooling output to normal after time t2. In other words, the cooling circuit ECU 76 preferably reduces the first cooling output by the first cooling device 91 after activation at time t0 until the condition of step S2 in Fig. 4 is satisfied at time t2, compared to after time t2.

[0096] The power supply system 1 according to this embodiment provides the following advantages. (1) After starting the vehicle V, the management ECU 71 executes power path control to exchange power between the first battery B1 and the second battery B2, thereby raising the temperatures of the batteries B1 and B2, until a first condition (step S12 in FIG. 5) related to the total output upper limit Ptot_max of all batteries, including the first battery B1 and the second battery B2, is satisfied. The management ECU 71 then executes second priority control to prioritize discharging the second battery B2 over the first battery B1 until a second condition (step S2 in FIG. 4) related to the first output upper limit P1_max of the first battery B1 is satisfied. Here, the power supply system 1 uses a second battery B2 with a smaller heat capacity than the first battery B1. Therefore, by executing the power path control and the second priority control during a cold start, the power supply system 1 can raise the temperature of the second battery B2 more quickly than the first battery B1, thereby quickly ensuring the required power output performance primarily through the second battery B2.

[0097] (2) In the power supply system 1, by using an output type second battery B2 that has a smaller heat capacity than the first battery B1, a higher output weight density, and a lower energy weight density than the first battery B1, the second battery B2 can be heated up more quickly when the power path control and the second priority control are executed, and therefore the required power output performance can be ensured more quickly mainly by the second battery B2.

[0098] (3) In the power supply system 1, an output type second battery B2 having a higher output weight density and a lower energy weight density than the first battery B1 is used. Therefore, according to the power supply system 1, by executing the power path control and the second priority control during a cold start, the output type second battery B2 can be heated more quickly than the capacity type first battery B1, and the required power output performance can be quickly ensured mainly by the second battery B2.

[0099] (4) In the second priority control, the management ECU 71 operates the voltage converter 5 and the power converter 43 so that the shortfall obtained by subtracting the second output upper limit P2_max from the required inverter passing power Pmot_d corresponding to the required output of the drive motor M is output from the first battery B1. As a result, after the first condition is satisfied, the first power circuit 2 supplies power according to the request to the drive motor M, thereby generating a propulsive force for moving the vehicle V, while actively discharging the second battery B2, thereby enabling the second battery B2 to be heated quickly.

[0100] (5) After executing the second priority control until the first output upper limit P1_max of the first battery B1 exceeds the margin running threshold Pready2, the management ECU 71 executes normal control to preferentially discharge the second battery B2, which has a smaller heat capacity than the first battery B1. This allows the temperature of the first battery B1 to be further increased after the second condition is satisfied, thereby further improving the power output performance of the first battery B1.

[0101] (6) In normal control after the second condition is satisfied, the management ECU 71 charges the second battery B2 with the power output from the first battery B1. This ensures a sufficient remaining charge in the second battery B2, whose power output performance has been sufficiently improved through the power path control and the second priority control, while accelerating the temperature rise of the first battery B1 and further improving the power output performance of the first battery B1.

[0102] (7) Until the second condition is satisfied, i.e., while the temperature of the second battery B2 is mainly being increased by the power path control and the second priority control, the cooling circuit ECU 76 reduces the first cooling output of the first cooling device 91 compared to after the second condition is satisfied. This shortens the time until the second condition is satisfied, i.e., the time until the vehicle can travel with ease using only the first battery B1.

[0103] (8) Until the first condition is satisfied, i.e., while the temperature of the second battery B2 is being increased by the power path control, the cooling circuit ECU 76 reduces the second cooling output of the second cooling device 92 that cools the second battery B2 compared to after the first condition is satisfied, i.e., while the temperature of the second battery B2 is being increased by executing the second priority control. This shortens the time until the first condition is satisfied, i.e., until a propulsive force for moving the vehicle V can be generated.

[0104] Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this, and the detailed configuration may be modified as appropriate within the scope of the spirit of the present invention.

[0105] For example, in the above embodiment, the cold start control transitions from power path control to second priority control when a condition related to the total output upper limit Ptot_max of all batteries, including the first battery B1 and the second battery B2, is satisfied (step S12 in FIG. 5), but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the cold start control may transition from normal control to second priority control when a condition related to the first output upper limit P1_max of the first battery B1 or the second output upper limit P2_max of the second battery B2 is satisfied.

[0106] In the above embodiment, the cold start control transitions from second-priority control to normal control when a condition related to the first output upper limit P1_max of the first battery B1 (step S2 in FIG. 4) is satisfied, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the cold start control may transition from second-priority control to normal control when a condition related to the second output upper limit P2_max of the second battery B2 or a total output upper limit Ptot_max of all batteries including the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 is satisfied. [Explanation of symbols]

[0107] V...Vehicle 1. Power supply system 2...1st power circuit B1: First battery (first power storage device) 3…Second power circuit B2: Second battery (second power storage device) 4...Load circuit 43...Power converter 5...Voltage converter 9…Cooling circuit 7...Electronic control units 71...Management ECU (power control means, first cooling output control device) 72...Motor ECU (power control means) 73...Converter ECU (power control means) 76...Cooling circuit ECU (first cooling output control device, second cooling output control device) 91...1st cooling device 92…Second cooling device

Claims

1. a first power circuit having a first power storage device; a second power circuit including a second power storage device having a heat capacity smaller than that of the first power storage device; a voltage converter that converts voltage between the first power circuit and the second power circuit; a power converter that converts power between the first power circuit and a rotating electric machine; a power control unit that controls charging and discharging of the first and second power storage devices by operating the voltage converter and the power converter, The power control means After startup, a power path control is executed to exchange power between the first power storage device and the second power storage device until the sum of a first output upper limit, which is an upper limit of power that can be output from the first power storage device, and a second output upper limit, which is an upper limit of power that can be output from the second power storage device, exceeds a first condition threshold, and then After performing second priority control to discharge the second power storage device with priority over the first power storage device until the first output upper limit exceeds a second condition threshold value that is set to be greater than the first condition threshold value, A power supply system comprising: a power supply unit configured to perform normal control for discharging the first power storage device with priority over the second power storage device.

2. 2. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the second power storage device has a higher output weight density and a lower energy weight density than the first power storage device.

3. a first power circuit having a first power storage device; a second power circuit including a second power storage device having a higher output weight density and a lower energy weight density than the first power storage device; a voltage converter that converts voltage between the first power circuit and the second power circuit; a power converter that converts power between the first power circuit and a rotating electric machine; a power control unit that controls charging and discharging of the first and second power storage devices by operating the voltage converter and the power converter, The power control means After startup, a power path control is executed to exchange power between the first power storage device and the second power storage device until the sum of a first output upper limit, which is an upper limit of power that can be output from the first power storage device, and a second output upper limit, which is an upper limit of power that can be output from the second power storage device, exceeds a first condition threshold, and then After performing second priority control to discharge the second power storage device with priority over the first power storage device until the first output upper limit exceeds a second condition threshold value that is set to be greater than the first condition threshold value, A power supply system comprising: a power supply unit configured to perform normal control for discharging the first power storage device with priority over the second power storage device.

4. 4. The power supply system according to claim 3, wherein the second power storage device has a smaller heat capacity than the first power storage device.

5. a required output acquisition unit for acquiring a required output of the rotating electric machine, 5. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein, in the second priority control, the power control means operates the voltage converter and the power converter so that a shortfall obtained by subtracting a second output upper limit, which is an upper limit of power that can be output from the second power storage device, from the required output is output from the first power storage device.

6. 4. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the power control means charges the second power storage device with the power output from the first power storage device during the normal control.

7. a first cooling device that cools the first power storage device; a first cooling output control device that controls a first cooling output of the first cooling device, The power supply system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the first cooling output control device reduces the first cooling output while the power path control and the second priority control are being executed by the power control means compared to while the normal control is being executed.

8. a second cooling device that cools the second power storage device; a second cooling output control device that controls a second cooling output of the second cooling device, The power supply system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the second cooling output control device reduces the second cooling output while the power path control is being performed by the power control means compared to after the first condition is satisfied.

Images