Machine tools

Abstract

Provided is a machine tool that can be positioned at a tool replacement position that corresponds with a tip attachment state when a cutting tool held by a turret is positioned at the tool replacement position.　This machine tool comprises: a workpiece-holding device that holds a workpiece and rotates about a main axis; a turret to which is attached a cutting tool on which a tip can be mounted and removed, the turret executing a process on the workpiece using the tip; a slide device that causes the turret to move in a sliding manner in each of a first direction parallel to the main axis and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; a rotation device that rotates the turret; and a control unit. The control unit has: a determination unit that determines whether or not an end-of-service-life tip, which is a tip that needs to be replaced, is present among tips attached to the cutting tool held by the turret; and a position adjustment unit that, when the determination unit determines that an end-of-service-life tip is present, controls the slide device to position the end-of-service-life tip at a tool replacement position and adjusts the tool replacement position in accordance with the position on the turret where the end-of-service-life tip is held.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a tip change position for a machine tool. [Background technology]

[0002] Various machine tools have been proposed in the past that use tools held in a turret to perform machining on a workpiece. For example, the machine tool disclosed in Patent Document 1 below has a so-called slant-type bed, and the turret moves along the inclined surface of the bed. The machine tool identifies a tool to be used from among multiple tools held in the turret, and performs machining on the workpiece using the identified tool. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-196682 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The above-described turret has tool mounting portions provided at predetermined rotation angles in the rotation direction, for example, and a cutting tool for machining a workpiece is mounted on each of the multiple tool mounting portions. When a predetermined number of machining operations are performed and the tip of the cutting tool wears out, the tip needs to be replaced. The tip mounting position varies depending on the shape to be machined, etc. Therefore, if the same replacement operation is performed uniformly, the tool replacement position where the tip is replaced will vary, which could increase the burden of the tip replacement work.

[0005] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a machine tool that can position a cutting tool held by a turret at a tool change position according to the attachment state of the insert when the cutting tool is positioned at the tool change position. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, this specification provides a workpiece holding device that holds a workpiece and rotates around a spindle; a turret to which a cutting tool with a detachable tip is attached and that performs machining on the workpiece using the tip; a slide device that slides the turret in a first direction parallel to the spindle and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; and a rotation device that rotates the turret around a rotation axis along the first direction. The device cover, a control unit, wherein the turret is provided with tool mounting portions at predetermined rotation angles in a rotational direction, and the cutting tool can be mounted on each of the plurality of tool mounting portions, and the control unit is further provided with a determination unit that determines whether or not there is a life-span tip that is a tip that needs to be replaced among the tips attached to the cutting tools held on the turret, and a position adjustment unit that, when the determination unit determines that there is a life-span tip, controls the slide device to place the life-span tip at a tool replacement position and adjusts the tool replacement position according to the holding position of the life-span tip on the turret. the device cover covers a machining chamber in which the workpiece held by the workpiece holding device is machined and is provided with a door for opening and closing the machining chamber; the turret is moved by the slide device so that the distance between the turret and the door varies; at least one of the plurality of tool mounting portions is capable of mounting an integrated cutting tool having the tip integrally provided with the cutting tool; the determination unit determines whether or not the integrated cutting tool held by the turret needs to be replaced; when the determination unit determines that the integrated cutting tool needs to be replaced, the position adjustment unit controls the slide device to place the integrated cutting tool that needs to be replaced at the tool replacement position and controls the slide device to move the turret, and performs adjustment to move the tool replacement position closer to the door as the weight of the integrated cutting tool increases. A machine tool is disclosed. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the machine tool of the present disclosure, inserts are attached to different attachment positions depending on the shape of the cutting tool attached to the tool attachment portion, etc. If there is a used-up insert that needs to be replaced, the control unit places the used-up insert at the tool replacement position. At this time, the control unit adjusts the tool replacement position depending on the holding position of the used-up insert in the turret. This allows the desired machining of the workpiece to be performed using inserts attached at different positions, and also allows the tool replacement position to be adjusted depending on the holding position. Adjusting the tool replacement position improves the efficiency of the replacement work. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool with a main body cover removed. [Figure 3] Block diagram of a machine tool. [Figure 4] Close-up of the turret with the chip attached. [Figure 5] 10 is a flowchart of a cutting tool replacement process. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the position of the tool change position in the Z-axis direction is adjusted. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a machine tool according to a second embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a machine tool according to a third embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a machine tool according to a fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] An embodiment of a machine tool according to the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a machine tool 10 according to a first embodiment, as viewed from the front. FIG. 2 shows the machine tool 10 with its device cover 15 removed. Note that FIG. 2 shows the machine tool 10 without some components attached, such as a chuck mechanism 12 (see FIG. 1) and inserts 60B and 63B (see FIG. 4), which will be described later. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the machine tool 10 is a so-called NC lathe, and includes a spindle unit 11 having a spindle extending in the machine body width direction (Z-axis direction), and a turret unit 13 (see FIG. 2) that performs machining on a workpiece (not shown) chucked by a chuck mechanism 12 (see FIG. 1) of the spindle unit 11. 1 and 2, the direction along the spindle of spindle device 11 will be referred to as the Z-axis direction, the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and in which turret device 13 moves along guide surface 20 (described later) will be referred to as the X-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to the X-axis and Z-axis directions will be referred to as the Y-axis direction. For ease of explanation, the Z-axis direction, which is the machine width direction and horizontal to the installation surface of the device, will be referred to as the left-right direction in some cases, based on the direction in which machine tool 10 is viewed from the front.

[0010] Each device, such as the spindle unit 11 and the turret unit 13, is placed on a bed 14 serving as a base and is covered by a device cover 15. A sliding door 15A is provided at the center of the front of the device cover 15. The sliding door 15A slides left and right to open and close the center of the front of the device cover 15. When the sliding door 15A is open, a machining chamber for machining workpieces is formed inside the device cover 15. By opening the sliding door 15A, a user can access the machining chamber and perform operations such as loading and unloading a workpiece. Furthermore, by opening the sliding door 15A, a user can replace the stopper 12A and the sub-jaw 12B of the chuck mechanism 12. Furthermore, by opening the sliding door 15A, a user can replace the tips 60B and 63B (see FIG. 4) of the cutting tools 60 and 63 attached to the turret unit 13. FIG. 1 shows the sliding door 15A in an open state. The opening and closing of sliding door 15A may be performed manually by a user or automatically by machine tool 10. The loading and unloading of workpieces and the replacement of tips 60B and 63B may also be performed manually by a user or by a robot.

[0011] An operation panel 16 is provided on the right side of sliding door 15A on the front side of device cover 15. Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of machine tool 10. As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, operation panel 16 is equipped with a control unit 17, a storage device 18, and an operation unit 19. Control unit 17 is a processing device mainly composed of a computer and equipped with a CPU etc., and performs numerical control and sequence control to comprehensively control the operation of machine tool 10. Control unit 17 is electrically connected to each device of machine tool 10 (turret device 13, etc.) and is able to control the operation of each device. Storage device 18 is equipped with, for example, RAM, ROM, flash memory, hard disk etc. Various types of control data 18A are stored in storage device 18.

[0012] The control data 18A includes, for example, programs for controlling the operation of the spindle unit 11 and the turret unit 13, the type of workpiece to be produced, the type of tool used for the operation, and the position of the tool relative to the workpiece during the operation. The programs referred to here include, for example, a sequence control program (ladder circuit) and an NC program. The control data 18A also includes a program for executing a cutting tool replacement process shown in FIG. 5 (described later), specifically, a program for determining the number of uses and placing end-of-life tips 60B, 63B (hereinafter sometimes referred to as end-of-life tips) at tool replacement positions where the tips 60B, 63B need to be replaced based on the determined number of uses. The control data 18A also includes threshold data (threshold counts, described later) for determining the number of uses of the cutting tools 60, 63 to which the tips 60B, 63B are attached. The control data 18A also includes multiple types of NC programs stored corresponding to the relative holding positions (cutting tools 60, 63) of the tips 60B, 63B on the turret 43. The control unit 17 executes control based on these programs and places end-of-life tips at the tool replacement positions. In the following description, the control of each device by the control unit 17 executing the program of the control data 18A may be described simply by the name of the device. For example, "the turret 43 rotates" means that "the control unit 17 executes the program of the control data 18A to control the turret servo motor 47 (see FIG. 3), and the turret 43 rotates as a result of the driving of the turret servo motor 47."

[0013] The operation unit 19 is a user interface and includes, for example, a touch panel 19A and operation switches 19B. The operation unit 19 changes the display content of the touch panel 19A and the lighting state of lamps provided on the operation unit 19 based on the control of the control unit 17. The operation unit 19 also outputs signals according to operation inputs to the touch panel 19A and operation switches 19B to the control unit 17. The operation unit 19 may not include the touch panel 19A and operation switches 19B.

[0014] 2, machine tool 10 is, for example, a turret lathe in which the A-axis, which is the rotation axis of turret device 13, is parallel to the Z-axis direction. Bed 14 is formed with a box-shaped chip collection section 14A that opens upward, and chips generated during workpiece machining are collected in chip collection section 14A. Bed 14 is also a slant type having a guide surface 20 that is inclined toward chip collection section 14A at the front of the device.

[0015] The spindle unit 11 is fixed to the bed 14 and includes a chuck mechanism 12 (see FIG. 1), a headstock 21, and a drive unit 23. The chuck mechanism 12 is attached to the tip of the headstock 21 and is located above the chip collection unit 14A in the machining chamber (see FIG. 1). The chuck mechanism 12 can be equipped with, for example, three sub-jaws 12B, and opens and closes the sub-jaws 12B depending on the supply direction and amount of air supplied from an air supply unit 77 (see FIG. 3) to an air cylinder (not shown) built into the headstock 21. The chuck mechanism 12 rotates around the spindle while chucking a workpiece placed on a backing 12A with the three sub-jaws 12B. Note that the spindle unit 11 is not limited to a configuration in which the headstock 21 and other components are fixed, and may be configured such that the headstock 21 and other components slide relative to the bed 14 in the Z-axis direction, for example.

[0016] A spindle (not shown) is rotatably supported by bearings inside the headstock 21. A chuck mechanism 12 (see FIG. 1) is attached to one end of the spindle in the Z-axis direction (the turret device 13 side), and a spindle-side pulley 27 is attached to the other end. The drive unit 23 includes a servo motor 29 and a timing belt 31. The servo motor 29 functions as a drive source for rotating the spindle, and its rotation is controlled under the control of the control unit 17. The timing belt 31 is wound around a motor-side pulley 33 attached to the output shaft of the servo motor 29 and the spindle-side pulley 27. As a result, the rotational force of the servo motor 29 is transmitted to the spindle via the timing belt 31, and the spindle rotates in accordance with the rotation of the servo motor 29. The control unit 17 controls the rotation speed, rotation position, etc. of the spindle by numerical control or the like based on rotational position information from an encoder 35 (see FIG. 3) attached to the servo motor 29.

[0017] (Turret device 13) The turret device 13 includes a turret main body 41 and a turret 43. The turret main body 41 has a box-like shape and is attached to the inclined guide surface 20 of the bed 14. The turret 43 is rotatably attached to the surface of the turret main body 41 facing the headstock 21. The turret 43 has a predetermined thickness in the Z-axis direction and, for example, has a shape that is a substantially regular decagon when viewed from the Z-axis direction. The turret 43 has tool mounting portions 49 formed on ten sides and around the sides thereof to which tools can be attached. The tool mounting portion 49 has a structure that allows tools, etc. to be attached to the surface of the turret 43 facing the spindle device 11 or to the outer peripheral surface of the turret 43. Cutting tools 60, 63 (see FIG. 4) or rotary tools such as end mills and drills are detachably attached to the tool mounting portion 49. Details of the tool mounting portion 49 will be described later. 2 shows a state in which a pusher 45 for pushing a workpiece toward the spindle device 11 is attached to one of the tool attachment portions 49.

[0018] Furthermore, the turret device 13 has, for example, a turret servo motor 47 (see FIG. 3) built into the turret main body 41. The rotational operation of the turret servo motor 47 is controlled by the control unit 17 in the turret device 13, causing the turret 43 to rotate around a rotation axis (A-axis) parallel to the Z-axis direction. In addition to rotating the turret 43, the turret servo motor 47 also functions as a drive source for rotating a rotary tool (such as an end mill) attached to the turret 43. The control unit 17 controls the turret servo motor 47, for example, to perform rotation indexing of the turret 43 and rotation of the rotary tool attached to the turret 43. The turret device 13 may be configured to include a drive source for rotating the rotary tool, separate from the drive source for rotation.

[0019] (Z-axis drive unit 73) Machine tool 10 also includes an X-axis drive unit 71 (see FIG. 3) that moves turret unit 13 in the X-axis direction, and a Z-axis drive unit 73 (see FIG. 3) that moves turret unit 13 in the Z-axis direction. Z-axis drive unit 73 includes a Z-axis guide rail 73A that is disposed on guide surface 20 of bed 14, and a Z-axis slide 73B that is slidable relative to Z-axis guide rail 73A. Z-axis guide rail 73A is disposed in a direction parallel to the Z-axis direction, and holds Z-axis slide 73B so that it can slide in the Z-axis direction. Z-axis drive unit 73 includes a Z-axis servo motor 73C (see FIG. 3), and transmits the rotational output of Z-axis servo motor 73C to Z-axis slide 73B via a transmission mechanism (e.g., a ball screw), thereby moving Z-axis slide 73B in the Z-axis direction.

[0020] Furthermore, Z-axis drive device 73 is equipped with Z-axis encoder 73D that outputs encoder information such as the rotational position of Z-axis servo motor 73C. Control unit 17 performs feedback control to control the rotational speed and the like of Z-axis servo motor 73C based on the encoder information (rotational position information, etc.) of Z-axis encoder 73D. Control unit 17 controls Z-axis servo motor 73C to move Z-axis slide 73B to an arbitrary position in the Z-axis direction.

[0021] (X-axis drive unit 71) The X-axis drive device 71 also has an X-axis guide rail 71A arranged on the upper surface of the Z-axis slide 73B. In the following description of the X-axis drive device 71, descriptions of components similar to those of the Z-axis drive device 73 will be omitted as appropriate. The X-axis guide rail 71A is arranged in a direction parallel to the X-axis direction and holds the turret main body 41 so that it can slide in the X-axis direction. The X-axis drive device 71 has an X-axis servo motor 71C (see FIG. 3) and moves the turret main body 41 in the X-axis direction in response to the drive of the X-axis servo motor 71C. The X-axis drive device 71 also has an X-axis encoder 71D that outputs encoder information of the X-axis servo motor 71C. The control unit 17 controls the X-axis servo motor 71C based on the encoder information of the X-axis encoder 71D to move the turret main body 41 to any position in the X-axis direction. Therefore, the control unit 17 can move the turret unit 13 (tool) to any position in the X-axis and Z-axis directions by controlling the X-axis drive unit 71 and the Z-axis drive unit 73. Furthermore, the turret unit 13 is moved in the X-axis direction by the X-axis drive unit 71, which changes the distance in the X-axis direction between the turret unit 13 and the sliding door 15A shown in FIG. 1 . That is, the turret 43 moves forward and backward relative to the sliding door 15A. The method for detecting the position information of the Z-axis slide 73B and the turret main body 41 is not limited to an encoder. The control unit 17 may control the sliding positions of the Z-axis slide 73B and the turret main body 41 using other position detection devices, such as a linear scale.

[0022] (Installation of cutting tools 60 and 63) Next, the state of the cutting tools 60, 63 attached to the turret 43 will be described. In the following explanation, a case will be described in which cutting tools 60, 63, which allow tips 60B, 63B to be attached and detached to cutting edges 60A, 63A, are attached to the turret 43 as tools, and the tips 60B, 63B are replaced. FIG. 4 shows a state in which two types of cutting tools 60, 63 are attached to the turret 43. As shown in FIG. 4, the turret 43 is provided with tool mounting portions 49 at predetermined rotational angles in the rotation direction 55. The turret 43 of this embodiment is provided with tool mounting portions 49 at intervals of 36 degrees, for a total of 10 tool mounting portions 49.

[0023] The tool mounting portion 49 is provided with a first mounting portion 57 and a second mounting portion 58. The first mounting portion 57 has a flat surface formed on the outer peripheral surface of the turret 43, and is formed with a threaded portion 57A onto which a threaded member 59 such as a bolt or a screw is threaded. A cutting tool 60 is mounted to the first mounting portion 57 by a holder 61. The cutting tool 60 has a cutting edge 60A, a tip 60B, and a shank 60C. The shank 60C is fixed to the first mounting portion 57 by the holder 61. The holder 61 is fixed to a predetermined first mounting portion 57 (tool mounting portion 49) by the threaded member 59. The shank 60C is a member shaped like a substantially circular cylinder or a substantially square pillar that is long in the Z-axis direction, and is held by the holder 61 with its base end inserted into the holder 61. For example, the position of the shank 60C in the Z-axis direction is fixed by a bolt threaded into the holder 61. By loosening this bolt, the shank 60C can move in the Z-axis direction relative to the holder 61. A tip 60B is detachably attached to a cutting edge 60A at the tip of the shank 60C. The tip 60B is fixed to the cutting edge 60A by a threaded member 62 such as a bolt or a screw.

[0024] The cutting tool 63 is attached to the second mounting portion 58. The second mounting portion 58 has a groove formed along the radial direction of the turret 43. The cutting tool 63 has a cutting edge 63A, a tip 63B, and a shank 63C. The shank 63C is attached to the second mounting portion 58 by a clamper 64. The clamper 64 is inserted into the groove of the second mounting portion 58 together with the base end of the shank 63C, and a screw member 64A is screwed into the clamper 64. The clamper 64 is inserted into the groove of the second mounting portion 58 together with, for example, a wedge-shaped adjustment member (a so-called liner), and the clamping force for the shank 63C is changed depending on the amount of screwing of the screw member 64A. Therefore, by screwing the screw member 64A into the groove, the shank 63C is fitted into the groove together with the clamper 64, and its position in the radial direction is fixed. The shank 63C is a substantially rectangular prism-shaped member that is elongated in the radial direction, and its base end is held by a clamper 64. A tip 63B is detachably attached to a cutting edge 63A at the tip of the shank 63C. The tip 63B is fixed to the cutting edge 63A by a threaded member 65 such as a bolt or a screw. Therefore, the cutting tools 60, 63 are so-called throw-away tools in which the tips 60B, 63B are detachably attached to the cutting edges 60A, 63A. When a tip needs to be replaced, the user replaces the tip 60B, 63B by loosening the threaded member 62 of the cutting tool 60 or the threaded member 65 of the cutting tool 63.

[0025] (Cutting tool replacement process) Next, the control of the cutting tool replacement process by the control unit 17 will be described. FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the cutting tool replacement process executed by the control unit 17. For example, when the control unit 17 receives a predetermined operation input via the operation panel 16, it reads and executes an NC program or the like corresponding to the workpiece from the control data 18A, and performs cutting or drilling on the workpiece held by the spindle unit 11 using a tool attached to the turret unit 13. The control unit 17 starts the process shown in FIG. 5 each time machining of one workpiece is completed. For example, the control unit 17 sets a ladder circuit for each of the cutting tools 60, 63 (see FIG. 4) attached to the turret 43, and performs counting and determination of the number of uses, which will be described later, in each ladder circuit. Note that the control unit 17 may execute another program on the CPU to count up the number of uses, without using a ladder circuit. The condition for starting the process shown in FIG. 5 is not limited to the condition that machining of one workpiece is completed, but may also be the condition that machining of a predetermined number of workpieces is completed, or the condition that an execution instruction from a user is received.

[0026] First, when the control unit 17 starts the process shown in FIG. 5 , in step (hereinafter simply referred to as S) 11, it counts up the number of uses of the cutting tools 60, 63 used in machining one workpiece described above. For example, the control unit 17 individually manages the number of uses of each of the cutting tools 60, 63 attached to the turret 43 using a ladder circuit. For example, the control unit 17 sets zero as the initial value of the number of uses of each of the cutting tools 60, 63. The control unit 17 increments the number of uses of each cutting tool 60, 63 that has been used at least once during machining of one workpiece by one. Therefore, in this embodiment, the control unit 17 increments the number of uses of each cutting tool 60, 63 attached with the tip 60B, 63B used in machining the workpiece by one each time machining of the workpiece is completed. Then, as will be described later, when the cumulative number of uses reaches or exceeds a predetermined threshold number, the control unit 17 determines that the tip 60B, 63B attached to the cutting tool 60, 63 that has reached or exceeded the threshold number of uses is a lifespan tip, and instructs the user to replace the lifespan tip. Also, when the tip 60B, 63B is replaced as will be described later, the control unit 17 resets the cumulative number of uses to zero (S29).

[0027] The method for determining a chip's lifespan is not limited to the above-described method. For example, when the turret 43 is rotated to switch between cutting tools 60, 63 during machining of a single workpiece, and the same cutting tool 60, 63 is used multiple times, the control unit 17 may count the number of uses of the cutting tool 60, 63 by the number of times it has been used. Time may also be used as a method for determining a chip's lifespan. The control unit 17 may measure the cumulative time used in machining after attaching a cutting tool 60, 63 as its usage time. If the usage time exceeds a predetermined threshold time, the control unit 17 may determine that the chip 60B, 63B of the cutting tool 60, 63 whose usage time exceeds the threshold time is a chip that has reached its lifespan. The control unit 17 may also set up a ladder circuit for each chip 60B, 63B and count the number of uses of the chip 60B, 63B.

[0028] Next, in S13, the control unit 17 selects an arbitrary cutting tool to be used from among the cutting tools 60, 63 used in machining (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as the used cutting tools). For example, the ten tool mounting units 49 are numbered 1 to 10. As shown in FIG. 4, the numbers of the tool mounting units 49 are written in the center of the surface of the turret 43 facing the spindle unit 11. The numbers 1 to 10 of the tool mounting units 49 are assigned counterclockwise. In S13, the control unit 17 selects, for example, one of the used cutting tools in order from the tool mounting unit 49 with the smallest number.

[0029] After selecting the cutting tool in S13, the control unit 17 determines whether the number of uses of the selected cutting tool is equal to or greater than a threshold number of times (S15). The threshold number of times may be set to a different value depending on the shape, purpose, and function of the tip 60B, 63B and the shape of the cutting tool 60, 63, or a common value may be used for all cutting tools 60, 63. If the control unit 17 determines that the number of uses is less than the threshold number of times (S15: NO), it determines whether there are any unselected cutting tools among the cutting tools, i.e., other cutting tools for which the threshold number of times determination in S15 has not been performed (S31). If the control unit 17 determines that there are no unselected cutting tools (S31: YES), it ends the process shown in FIG. 5. For example, the control unit 17 starts machining the next workpiece, and when machining of that workpiece is completed, it again executes the process shown in FIG. 5 for the cutting tools used in machining.

[0030] On the other hand, if there is an unselected cutting tool in use (S31: NO), the control unit 17 selects an arbitrary cutting tool in use from the unselected cutting tools in use (S13). Furthermore, if the control unit 17 determines that the number of uses of the cutting tool selected in S15 is equal to or greater than the threshold number of times (S15: YES), that is, if it determines that the tips 60B, 63B held on the cutting edges 60A, 63A of the selected cutting tool in use are life-span tips whose number of uses is equal to or greater than the threshold number of times, it executes S17 to S19 and places the life-span tip in the tool replacement position.

[0031] Therefore, in this embodiment, after the machining of one workpiece is completed, the control unit 17 determines whether the cumulative number of uses of the cutting tools 60, 63 to which the tips 60B, 63B used in machining the workpiece are attached is equal to or greater than a threshold number of times (S15), and determines that the tips 60B, 63B attached to the cutting tools 60, 63 whose cumulative number of uses is equal to or greater than the threshold number of times are life-span tips. This allows the threshold number of times to be used to efficiently determine the life-span tips, and reduces the processing load on the control unit 17 in the process of determining the life-span tips.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 4 , for example, the shanks 60C, 63C and cutting edges 60A, 63A attached to the turret 43 have different structures depending on the shape to be machined, and have different lengths in the Z-axis direction and the radial direction of the turret 43. The inserts 60B, 63B are held at different positions relative to the turret 43 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction. For this reason, even if the turret 43 is slid to specific positions in the Z-axis and X-axis directions to index the inserts 60B, 63B to the same rotational position when replacing the inserts 60B, 63B, the inserts 60B, 63B will be positioned at different positions. Therefore, if the same NC program is used to position the end-of-life inserts at the tool replacement position, the end-of-life inserts will be positioned at different positions.

[0033] Therefore, as described above, the control data 18A of this embodiment stores multiple types of NC programs corresponding to the relative holding positions of the inserts 60B, 63B on the turret 43. More specifically, the NC programs are set in the control data 18A so that, for example, the tool change positions of the cutting tools 60, 63 having a long length from the turret 43 to their holding positions in the direction parallel to the rotation axis of the turret 43 (the Z-axis direction in this embodiment) are the same as the tool change positions of the cutting tools 60, 63 having a short length from the turret 43 to their holding positions in the Z-axis direction. For example, the numbers of the tool mounting portions 49 are associated with the NC programs used to change the cutting tools 60, 63 attached to the tool mounting portions 49 having those numbers and set in the control data 18A. In each NC program, the tool change positions in the Z-axis direction are adjusted in a direction away from the spindle unit 11 as the length L of any cutting tool 60, 63 (holding position) shown in FIG. 4 in the Z-axis direction increases. The NC programs are adjusted so that the tool change positions of the inserts 60B, 63B attached to the cutting edges 60A, 63A are the same in the Z-axis direction. As a result, the control unit 17 executes the NC programs corresponding to the relatively different holding positions to adjust the tool change positions in the Z-axis direction to the same position.

[0034] FIG. 6 schematically shows a state in which the position of a tool change position in the Z-axis direction is adjusted, and shows, as an example, a state in which the tool change position of a tip 60B attached to a cutting tool 60 is adjusted. In the following explanation, as an example, a case in which tip 60B is placed at the tool change position will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the control unit 17 places each of the tips 60B and 63B that have reached the end of their life at the same tool change position P. The control unit 17 adjusts the positions of these tool change positions P in the Z-axis direction so that they are the same position.

[0035] 6 shows cutting tools 81 and 82 as comparative examples. Cutting tool 81 has a shank 81C and a tip 81B attached to a cutting edge 81A at the tip of shank 81C. Cutting tool 82 has a shank 82C and a tip 82B held by a cutting edge 82A at the tip of shank 82C. Note that cutting tools 60, 81, and 82 have different lengths in the Z-axis direction, but are attached to holder 61 at the same position in the Z-axis direction. For example, the base ends (right ends in FIG. 6) of shanks 60C, 81C, and 82C coincide with the base end (right end in FIG. 6) of holder 61. For this reason, for example, the reference position in the Z-axis direction for the length (distance) from the turret 43 to the holding positions 85, 85A, and 85B of the tips 60B, 81B, and 82B is set to the base end (the right end in FIG. 6) of the shanks 60C, 81C, and 82C (holder 61) in the Z-axis direction, as shown in FIG. 6. The length of the shank 81C of the cutting tool 81 in the Z-axis direction is shorter than the length of the shank 60C of the cutting tool 60. The length L1 along the Z-axis direction of the holding position 85A of the tip 81B held by the cutting edge 81A of the cutting tool 81 is shorter than the length L of the holding position 85A of the tip 60B held by the cutting edge 60A of the cutting tool 60. On the other hand, the length of the shank 82C of the cutting tool 82 in the Z-axis direction is longer than the length of the shank 60C of the cutting tool 60. The length L2 along the Z-axis direction of the holding position 85B of the insert 82B held on the cutting edge 82A of the cutting tool 82 is longer than the length L. For example, when the holding positions 85A, 85B are the centers of the inserts 60B, 81B, 82B, the lengths L, L1, L2 are the distances from the right end (the end farther from the spindle unit 11) of the shanks 60C, 81C, 82C (holder 61) in the Z-axis direction to the centers of the inserts 60B, 81B, 82B. Note that the definitions of the lengths L, L1, L2 are not limited to the above definitions. For example, the distances from the end of the holder 61 closer to the spindle unit 11 (the left end in FIG. 6) to the centers of the inserts 60B, 81B, 82B may be the lengths from the turret 43 to the holding positions 85A, 85B. The definitions of the lengths L, L1, and L2 may be appropriately corrected or changed depending on the holding positions of the shanks 60C, 81C, and 82C relative to the holder 61.

[0036] For example, the longer the length of shank 60C along the Z-axis direction, the farther holding position 85 of tip 60B held on cutting edge 60A thereof is from turret 43 in the Z-axis direction (length L is longer). Holding position 85A of cutting tool 81 is closer to turret 43 than holding position 85, and holding position 85B of tip 82B is farther from turret 43 than holding position 85. In control data 18A, the NC program is adjusted so that tips 60B, 81B, and 82B placed at these relatively different holding positions 85, 85A, and 85B can be placed at the same tool change position P in the Z-axis direction.

[0037] 5, the control unit 17 executes the call of an NC program that corresponds to the cutting tool selected in S13 and that positions the tip 60B, 63B of the cutting tool at the tool change position P. The control unit 17 executes the read of the NC program from the control data 18A using, for example, the ladder circuit that determined the number of uses in S15, and starts execution of the NC program using the CPU. After starting execution of the NC program in S17, the control unit 17 moves the turret 43 to a slide position corresponding to the cutting tool selected in S13 (S18).

[0038] As shown in FIG. 6, for holding position 85A (cutting tool 81) with the shorter length L1, control unit 17 controls Z-axis drive unit 73 to move turret 43 in the Z-axis direction toward spindle unit 11 (to the left in FIG. 6), thereby aligning the positions of holding positions 85, 85A in the Z-axis direction. As a result, the positions of tool change positions P of cutting tools 60, 81 in the Z-axis direction are aligned. Meanwhile, for holding position 85B (cutting tool 82) with the longer length L2, control unit 17 moves turret 43 in the Z-axis direction away from spindle unit 11 (to the right in FIG. 6), thereby aligning the positions of holding positions 85, 85B in the Z-axis direction. As a result, the positions of tool change positions P of cutting tools 60, 82 in the Z-axis direction are aligned.

[0039] Therefore, in this embodiment, the control unit 17 adjusts the tool change position P in the Z axis direction so that the tool change position P of the cutting tool 82, which has a long length L from the turret 43 to the holding position 85 along the Z axis direction (the axis of rotation of the turret 43), approaches the tool change position P of the cutting tool 81, which has a short length L. Furthermore, the control unit 17 adjusts the tool change position P so that the tool change positions P are the same in the Z axis direction. This allows the inserts 60B, 81B, and 82B held on the cutting edges 60A, 81A, and 82A at the tips of the shanks 60C, 81C, and 82C, which have different lengths L, L1, and L2 along the Z axis, i.e., the inserts 60B, 81B, and 82B held at holding positions 85, 85A, and 85B that are relatively different in the Z axis direction, to be positioned at the same tool change position P in the Z axis direction. Each time a used insert is replaced, the inserts 60B, 81B, and 82B to be replaced can be positioned at the same position in the Z axis direction. The user can remove the threaded member 62 at the same tool replacement position P every time, allowing for efficient replacement.

[0040] Furthermore, the control unit 17 adjusts the position of the tool changing position P in the Z-axis direction, and during the adjustment, moves the cutting tool 82 having the longer length L in a direction parallel to the Z-axis direction away from the spindle unit 11 compared to the cutting tool 81 having the shorter length L. This allows the tool changing position P to be adjusted by moving the cutting tool 82 having the longer length L in a direction away from the spindle unit 11 (to the right in FIG. 6). The tool changing position P can be adjusted while avoiding interference between the inserts 60B, 81B, 82B and the spindle unit 11.

[0041] 6 has been described with respect to tip 60B, but tip 63B can also be adjusted in the Z-axis direction in a similar manner. For example, as shown by length L in FIG. 4, the distance from the base end of turret 43 (the end farther from spindle unit 11 in the Z-axis direction) to the center of tip 63B may be defined as length L from turret 43 to the holding position of tip 63B, and control unit 17 may perform adjustment to match tool change position P in accordance with length L. Furthermore, control unit 17 performs position adjustment not only in the Z-axis direction but also in the X-axis direction in S17. Similar to the Z-axis direction, control unit 17 also performs position adjustment in the X-axis direction in accordance with the length from turret 43 along the X-axis to holding positions 85, 85A, and 85B. For example, the control unit 17 controls the X-axis drive device 71 to adjust the tool change position P in the X-axis direction so that the tool change position P of the cutting tool 60, 63 with a longer length in the X-axis direction (length Lx shown in FIG. 6 ) approaches the tool change position P of the cutting tool 60, 63 with a shorter length Lx in the X-axis direction. This allows the tool change positions P to be aligned not only in the Z-axis direction but also in the X-axis direction, thereby reducing the user's workload. The length Lx in the X-axis direction from the turret 43 to the holding positions 85, 85A, and 85B can be defined as, for example, the distance from the plane of the first mounting portion 57 (the outer peripheral surface of the turret 43) to the center of the insert 60B along the X-axis direction. That is, the length Lx is the distance from the turret 43 to the holding positions 85, 85A, and 85B along the X-axis direction, which is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the turret 43. Therefore, even if the lengths of the shanks 60C, 63C along the X-axis direction or the Z-axis direction are the same, if the distances along the X-axis direction or the Z-axis direction from the turret 43 to the holding positions 85, 85A, 85B are different, the lengths L and Lx will be different. The control unit 17 may also adjust only one of the positions along the X-axis direction or the Z-axis direction. For example, the control unit 17 may align only the position of the tool change position P in the Z-axis direction. The control unit 17 may also adjust only the position of either the tip 60B or the tip 63B. For example, the control unit 17 may align only the tool change position P of the tip 60B.

[0042] After executing S18 in Fig. 5, the control unit 17 indexes the cutting tool to be used selected in S13 to the tool change position P (S19). The control unit 17 controls the turret servo motor 47 to place the tips 60B, 63B of the cutting tool to be used at the tool change position P shown in Fig. 1. This allows the end-of-life tips that need to be replaced to be placed at the same tool change position P regardless of the holding positions 85 of the tips 60B, 63B.

[0043] When the control unit 17 executes S19, it ends the execution of the NC program, stops the turret device 13, etc., and notifies the user that the end-of-life chip has been placed at the tool replacement position P (S20). The control unit 17 notifies the user that the end-of-life chip has been placed at the tool replacement position P, for example, by illuminating a warning lamp or a warning light attached to the operation panel 16 or the device cover 15 (S20). The control unit 17 may also execute the notification by sounding a buzzer or by displaying text on the touch panel 19A urging the user to replace the chip.

[0044] After executing S20, the control unit 17 determines whether the replacement of the life tip is complete (S27). The control unit 17 determines whether the replacement of the life tip is complete based on an operational input on the touch panel 19A. When the user confirms the notification of S20, he or she opens the sliding door 15A and removes the life tip placed at the tool replacement position P from the cutting edges 60A, 63A for replacement. After the replacement, the user operates the touch panel 19A to issue an operational instruction indicating that the replacement is complete. The control unit 17 makes a negative determination in S27 (S27: NO) until this operational instruction is received, and repeatedly executes the determination process of S27. When the control unit 17 receives an operational instruction indicating replacement (S27: YES), it resets the number of uses of the cutting tool selected in S13 to zero (S29).

[0045] After executing S29, the control unit 17 executes S31, and if there is an unselected cutting tool in use (S31: NO), executes S13 again. If there is another end-of-life tip, the control unit 17 executes S17 to S19, executes the NC program corresponding to the cutting tool 60, 63 to which the other end-of-life tip is attached, and places the end-of-life tip at the same tool change position P.

[0046] Therefore, when the control unit 17 determines that it is necessary to replace the first-life tip with a second-life tip different from the first-life tip, it indexes the first-life tip to the tool change position P and then receives an operation input on the touch panel 19A indicating that the replacement of the first-life tip has been completed. Upon receiving the operation input, the control unit 17 moves the turret 43 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction according to the length of the second-life tip from the turret 43 to the holding position 85, and controls the turret device 13 to index the second-life tip to the tool change position P. As a result, when multiple life-limiting tip parts are generated in a single machining operation, the life-limiting tip parts can be placed at the same tool change position P each time the tip parts 60B and 63B are replaced. This significantly reduces the user's workload when replacing multiple tip parts 60B and 63B.

[0047] Note that, when there are multiple life-span chips, the control unit 17 may adjust the position of only the first life-span chip. For example, after the control unit 17 has placed the first life-span chip at the tool change position P, if the control unit 17 receives an operation input indicating that the change is complete, the control unit 17 may rotate the turret 43 to index the second life-span chip without changing the position of the turret 43 in the Z-axis direction or the X-axis direction. Alternatively, after the control unit 17 has placed the first life-span chip at the tool change position P, the control unit 17 may place the second life-span chip at the tool change position P desired by the user in accordance with the user's operation input to the operation unit 19.

[0048] 3, the control unit 17 of the operation panel 16 has a determination unit 17A and a position adjustment unit 17B. The determination unit 17A and the like are processing modules that are realized, for example, by executing control data 18A (such as an NC program or a ladder circuit) in the CPU of the control unit 17. Note that the determination unit 17A and the like may be configured not by software but by hardware, or may be configured by a combination of software and hardware.

[0049] The determination unit 17A is a functional unit that determines whether or not there are any life-spanned tips 60B, 63B that need to be replaced among the tips 60B, 63B attached to the cutting tools 60, 63 held by the turret device 13. When the determination unit 17A determines that there is a life-spanned tip, the position adjustment unit 17B is a functional unit that controls the X-axis drive device 71 and the Z-axis drive device 73 to place the life-spanned tip at the tool change position P, and adjusts the tool change position P according to the holding positions 85, 85A, 85B of the life-spanned tip in the turret 43.

[0050] Incidentally, the spindle device 11 is an example of a workpiece holding device. The turret servo motor 47 of the turret device 13 is an example of a rotation device. The operation unit 19 is an example of a reception device. The X-axis drive device 71 and the Z-axis drive device 73 are examples of a slide device. The Z-axis direction is an example of a first direction. The X-axis direction is an example of a second direction.

[0051] As described above, the first embodiment provides the following effects. In one aspect of this embodiment, the control unit 17 determines whether any of the tips 60B, 63B attached to the cutting tools 60, 63 held by the turret 43 contains any end-of-life tips 60B, 63B that need to be replaced (S15). If the control unit 17 determines that any end-of-life tips exist (S15: YES), it controls the X-axis drive unit 71 and the Z-axis drive unit 73 to adjust the tool change position P according to the holding positions 85, 85A, 85B of the end-of-life tips on the turret 43 (S18). This allows the desired machining (such as boring) of the workpiece to be performed using the tips 60B, 63B attached to the different holding positions 85, 85A, 85B, and also allows the tool change position P to be adjusted according to the holding positions 85, 85A, 85B. Adjusting the tool change position P improves the efficiency of the tip 60B, 63B replacement process.

[0052] (Second Example) In the first embodiment described above, the control unit 17 adjusted the tool change position P for the cutting tools 60, 63, which are so-called throw-away cutting tools in which the tips 60B, 63B are detachable from the cutting edges 60A, 63A, as cutting tools of the present disclosure, but this is not limiting. The control unit 17 of the present disclosure may also adjust the tool change position P for an integrated cutting tool in which the cutting edge and shank are integrally provided.

[0053] FIG. 7 shows the mounting state of cutting tools of the second embodiment. In the following description, the same components as those of the first embodiment described above are assigned the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted as appropriate. As shown in FIG. 7, in addition to cutting tools 60 and 63, integrated cutting tools 86 and 87 are mounted on the turret 43. The integrated cutting tool 86 is, for example, a so-called solid cutting tool (finished cutting tool) in which the shank and cutting edge are integrally formed from the same material. The integrated cutting tool 86 has a tip 88 formed by grinding the cutting edge and integrally provided on the shank. The integrated cutting tool 86 is mounted on the first mounting portion 57 of the turret 43 by a holder 61.

[0054] The one-piece cutting tool 87 is, for example, a so-called brazed cutting tool (tipped cutting tool) in which a tip 89 made of a harder material such as cemented carbide is brazed to the cutting edge at the tip of a steel shank. The one-piece cutting tool 87 is attached to the second mounting portion 58 of the turret 43 by the clamper 64. Like the cutting tools 60 and 63, such one-piece cutting tools 86 and 87 require sharpening or replacement after a certain number of uses. For example, the one-piece cutting tools 86 and 87 are removed from the turret 43, and the tips 88 and 89 are sharpened using a grinder or tool grinding machine, and then reattached to the turret 43. Alternatively, the one-piece cutting tools 86 and 87 are replaced with the same type of one-piece cutting tools 86 and 87.

[0055] Unlike cutting tools 60 and 63, when the number of times of use of integrated cutting tools 86 and 87 reaches or exceeds a threshold number of times, the entire cutting tool, including the shank, must be removed from tool mounting portion 49 (first and second mounting portions 57 and 58). When an integrated cutting tool 86 or 87 (hereinafter referred to as a life tool) is encountered whose number of uses reaches or exceeds the threshold number of times, control unit 17 controls Z-axis drive device 73, for example, so that the holder 61 and clamper 64 of the life tool are positioned at tool replacement position P in the Z-axis direction. This allows the user to remove integrated cutting tools 86 and 87 from turret 43 (holder 61 and clamper 64) at the same tool replacement position P, enabling efficient replacement work.

[0056] In the replacement work, the integrated cutting tools 86, 87 are removed from or attached to the turret 43. Therefore, if the weight of the integrated cutting tools 86, 87 increases, the removal becomes more difficult and the workload increases. For example, the weight of the integrated cutting tool 86 increases as the length in the Z-axis direction increases, and the workload of removing the tool from the holder 61 and inserting it into the holder 61 increases. Furthermore, the weight of the integrated cutting tool 87 increases as the length in the radial direction of the turret 43 increases, and the workload of loosening the clamper 64 to replace the integrated cutting tool 87 increases. Therefore, the control unit 17 moves the tool replacement position P of the integrated cutting tools 86, 87 closer to the sliding door 15A in the X-axis direction than the cutting tools 60, 63. Furthermore, the control unit 17 moves the tool replacement position P of the heavier integrated cutting tools 86, 87 closer to the sliding door 15A in the X-axis direction.

[0057] As described above, the device cover 15 of the machine tool 10 covers the machining chamber where the workpiece held by the spindle unit 11 is machined, and is equipped with a sliding door 15A (an example of a door in the present disclosure) for opening and closing the machining chamber. The turret 43 is moved in the X-axis direction (an example of a second direction in the present disclosure) by the X-axis drive unit 71, thereby varying the distance between the turret 43 and the sliding door 15A. At least one of the multiple tool mounting portions 49 can be fitted with an integrated cutting tool 86, 87. The control unit 17 determines whether the integrated cutting tool 86, 87 held by the turret 43 needs to be replaced, as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 5 ). If the control unit 17 determines that one of the integrated cutting tools 86, 87 needs to be replaced, it controls the X-axis drive unit 71 and the Z-axis drive unit 73 to place the integrated cutting tool 86, 87 that needs to be replaced at the tool replacement position P. Furthermore, control unit 17 controls X-axis drive device 71 to move turret 43 in the X-axis direction, and performs an adjustment to move tool change position P closer to sliding door 15A as the weight of integrated cutting tools 86, 87 increases. This reduces the burden of the change work for integrated cutting tools 86, 87, which involves removing the cutting tools themselves from turret 43.

[0058] For example, similar to the cutting tools 60, 63 of the first embodiment, an NC program may be set in the control data 18A to move the tool change position P closer to the sliding door 15A in accordance with the weight of the integrated cutting tools 86, 87. Then, the control unit 17 executes the NC program corresponding to the integrated cutting tools 86, 87 that need to be replaced, thereby moving the tool change position P closer to the sliding door 15A in accordance with the weight of the integrated cutting tools 86, 87.

[0059] 7, when cutting tools 60, 63 for which only tips 60B, 63B are replaced and integrated cutting tools 86, 87 for which the cutting tools themselves are removed are mixed, control unit 17 may perform adjustment to move tool change position P of integrated cutting tools 86, 87 closer to sliding door 15A than tool change position P of cutting tools 60, 63. This allows the workload to be reduced for integrated cutting tools 86, 87, which require a heavy workload, by setting tool change position P closer to sliding door 15A. Furthermore, for cutting tools 60, 63, which require a relatively light workload, setting tool change position P relatively far from sliding door 15A allows the time required to place a worn tip at tool change position P to be shortened.

[0060] (Third Example) Furthermore, the machine tool of the present disclosure is not limited to the slant-bed horizontal lathe of the above-described embodiment, but may be various other configurations, such as a front-face spindle lathe, an opposed two-spindle lathe, or a machining center. FIG. 8 shows a machine tool 91 of a third embodiment. In the following description, the same content as in the first embodiment will be omitted as appropriate. The machine tool 91 includes two combinations of a spindle unit 92 and a turret unit 93. Each of the two spindle units 92 rotates a workpiece (not shown) around a rotation axis parallel to the front-rear direction of the device. Each of the two turret units 93 rotates a turret 94 around a rotation axis parallel to the front-rear direction of the device. Therefore, the machine tool 91 is a so-called front-face parallel two-spindle lathe.

[0061] Each of the two turret devices 93 can slide forward and backward and left and right by a slide device 101 provided on a bed 99. Therefore, the turret device 93 can change its position in the forward and left directions relative to the workpiece held by the spindle device 92. The turret 94 holds a cutting tool 98 having a tip 97 attached thereto. To avoid cluttering the drawing, FIG. 8 shows a state in which cutting tools 98 are attached to only some of the multiple tool mounting portions of the turret 94.

[0062] In such a turret unit 93, if the holding positions of the inserts 97 of the cutting tools 98 held by the turret 94 are different in the front-to-rear direction (the direction parallel to the rotation axis of the turret 94) or the left-to-right direction (the radial direction of the turret 94), adjustment of the life of the insert may be performed. Specifically, when placing the life of the insert of a cutting tool 98 whose length from the turret 94 to the holding position of the insert 97 along the front-to-rear direction (an example of the first direction of the present disclosure) is long at the tool changing position, the machine tool 91 moves the turret 94 forward, that is, in a direction away from the spindle unit 92. The machine tool 91 controls the tool changing position of the insert 97 of a cutting tool 98 whose length to the holding position in the front-to-rear direction is long so that it coincides with the tool changing position of a cutting tool 98 whose length to the holding position in the front-to-rear direction is short. This makes it possible to make the tool changing positions the same even if the lengths to the holding positions are different, thereby reducing the load of the insert 97 replacement work. In the machine tool 91 of the third embodiment, similarly to the second embodiment, when the integrated cutting tools 86, 87 are attached, the tool change position P of the integrated cutting tools 86, 87 may be closer to the door of the device (for example, on the forward side away from the spindle device 92) than the tool change position P of the cutting tool 98. Furthermore, the tool change position P of the heavier integrated cutting tools 86, 87 may be closer to the door that the user opens and closes for tool change.

[0063] (Fourth Example) Furthermore, the spindle of the spindle unit 11 does not have to be parallel to the rotation axis of the turret 43. Fig. 9 shows a machine tool 111 of a fourth embodiment. In the machine tool 111, the spindle 117, which rotates the workpiece 115 of the spindle unit 11, and the rotation axis 119 of the turret 43 are in a perpendicular relationship. In such a machine tool 111, if the holding position 85 of the insert 60B attached to the cutting tool 60 held by the turret 43 is different in the X-axis direction (the direction parallel to the rotation axis 119 of the turret 43) or the Z-axis direction (the direction parallel to the spindle 117), the tool changing position P may be adjusted. Specifically, when placing a life-expired tip attached to the cutting edge 60A at the tip of a cutting tool 60 having a long length L along the X-axis direction (an example of the first direction in this disclosure) at the tool change position P, the machine tool 111 moves the turret 43 upward in FIG. 9 (the direction away from the spindle unit 11 in a direction parallel to the rotation axis 119), which is a direction away from the spindle unit 11. The machine tool 111 controls the tool change position P of the tip 60B attached to the cutting edge 60A at the tip of the cutting tool 60 having a long length L along the X-axis direction so that it coincides with the tool change position P of the tip 60B attached to the cutting edge 60A at the tip of the cutting tool 60 having a short length L along the X-axis direction. This allows the tool change positions P of the tip 60B with different holding positions 85 to be in the same location, reducing the workload of the tip 60B replacement work, even in a machine tool 111 in which the spindle 117 and the rotation axis 119 are not parallel. Note that in the machine tool 111 in FIG. 9, adjustment in the Z-axis direction may be performed in the same way as in the X-axis direction. That is, the tool changing position P in the Z-axis direction may be adjusted according to the length Lz in the Z-axis direction from the turret 43 to the holding position 85. The length Lz is, for example, the distance from the plane of the first mounting portion 57 (the outer peripheral surface of the turret 43) along the Z-axis direction to the center of the tip 60B.

[0064] In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , the spindle 117 and the rotation axis 119 are perpendicular to each other, but this is not limiting. For example, the direction along the rotation axis 119 may be at a predetermined angle (e.g., a 45-degree clockwise rotation in FIG. 9 ) with respect to the spindle 117. In this case, the machine tool 111 may adjust the tool change position P of the insert 60B attached to the cutting tool 60 having a different length L by, for example, moving the turret 43 in a direction parallel to the rotation axis 119 of the turret 43. In addition, in the machine tool 111 of the fourth embodiment, as in the second embodiment, when the integrated cutting tools 86, 87 are attached, the tool change position P of the integrated cutting tools 86, 87 may be located closer to the door of the device than the tool change position P of the cutting tool 60 (e.g., on the side away from the spindle device 11 in a direction parallel to the spindle 117). Also, the tool change position P for the heavier integrated cutting tools 86, 87 may be located closer to the door that the user opens and closes for tool change.

[0065] It goes without saying that the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements and modifications are possible within the scope of the present disclosure. For example, in the above embodiment, the control unit 17 adjusted the tool change position P so that the positions in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction were the same, but they do not have to be the same. For example, the control unit 17 may bring the tool change position P of the cutting tool 82 (see FIG. 6) having a long length L along the Z-axis direction and the tool change position P of the cutting tool 81 having a short length L close to each other within a certain range. 6, the control unit 17 moves the cutting tool 82 with the longer length L in a direction away from the spindle unit 11 and moves the cutting tool 81 with the shorter length L in a direction toward the spindle unit 11 to align the tool change positions P, but the movement direction is not limited to this. For example, the holding position 85B of the cutting tool 60, 81 with the longest length L, L2, may be used as a reference, and the other cutting tools 60, 81 may be moved in a direction toward the holding position 85B, that is, in a direction toward the spindle unit 11 in the Z-axis direction, to align the tool change positions P, etc.

[0066] 6 are merely examples. For example, the control unit 17 performs adjustments in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction in S18, and then rotates the turret 43 in S19 to determine the end-of-life chip, but this order is not limited. The control unit 17 may first rotate the turret 43, and then adjust the position in the Z-axis direction, etc., to place the end-of-life chip at the tool replacement position P. That is, the control unit 17 may perform S18 after S19. [Explanation of symbols]

[0067] 10,91,111 Machine tool, 11 Spindle device (workpiece holding device), 15 Device cover, 15A Sliding door (Door), 17 Control unit (Judgment unit, Position adjustment unit), 17A Judgment unit, 17B Position adjustment unit, 19 Operation unit (Reception device), 43 Turret, 47 Turret servo motor (Rotation device), 49 Tool mounting unit, 60,63,81,82,98 Cutting tool, 60C,63C,81C,82C Shank, 60B,63B,81B,82B,88,89 Tip (Life tip), 71 X-axis drive unit (Slide device), 73 Z-axis drive unit (Slide device), 85,85A,85B Holding position, 86,87 Integrated cutting tool, 115 Workpiece, L,L1,L2 Length, P Tool change position.

Claims

1. a workpiece holding device that holds a workpiece and rotates around a spindle; a turret to which a cutting tool having a detachable tip is attached and which performs machining on the workpiece using the tip; a slide device that slides the turret in a first direction parallel to the main shaft and in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; a rotation device that rotates the turret; The device cover, A control unit; Equipped with The turret has: tool attachment portions are provided at predetermined rotation angles in the rotation direction, Each of the plurality of tool attachment portions has The cutting tool is attachable; The control unit a determination unit that determines whether or not there is a life-expired tip that needs to be replaced among the tips attached to the cutting tool held by the turret; a position adjustment unit that, when the determination unit determines that the life tip exists, controls the slide device to place the life tip at a tool change position, and adjusts the tool change position according to a holding position of the life tip in the turret; and The device cover is a door for covering a processing chamber in which the workpiece held by the workpiece holding device is processed and for opening and closing the processing chamber; The turret The distance between the door and the sliding device changes when the sliding device is moved. At least one of the plurality of tool attachment portions is An integrated cutting tool in which the tip is integrally provided can be attached to the cutting tool, The determination unit determining whether the integrated cutting tool held by the turret needs to be replaced; The position adjustment unit When the judgment unit determines that the integrated cutting tool needs to be replaced, the machine tool controls the slide device to place the integrated cutting tool that needs to be replaced at the tool replacement position, and controls the slide device to move the turret, and performs an adjustment to move the tool replacement position closer to the door as the weight of the integrated cutting tool increases.

2. The rotation device is Rotating the turret around a rotation axis; The position adjustment unit 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool change position in the direction parallel to the rotation axis is adjusted so that the tool change position of the cutting tool having a long length from the turret to the holding position in the direction parallel to the rotation axis approaches the tool change position of the cutting tool having a short length from the turret to the holding position in the direction parallel to the rotation axis.

3. The rotation device is Rotating the turret about a rotation axis parallel to the first direction; Each of the plurality of tool attachment portions has The cutting tools are attached so that their lengths along the first direction are different, The position adjustment unit 3. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the position of the tool changing position in the first direction is adjusted, and when adjusting the tool changing position, the cutting tool having a longer length from the turret to the holding position along the first direction is moved in a direction parallel to the first direction away from the work holding device compared to the cutting tool having a shorter length from the turret to the holding position along the first direction.

4. The position adjustment unit The machine tool according to claim 3 , wherein the tool changing positions are adjusted so that the tool changing positions in the first direction are the same for the end-of-life tips held by each of the plurality of cutting tools.

5. a reception device that receives operation input, The position adjustment unit 5. The machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the sliding device is controlled to adjust the position of the tool changing position in the first direction, and then the rotating device is controlled to index the life tip to the tool changing position; and when the determination unit determines that a first life tip and a second life tip different from the first life tip are required to be replaced among the plurality of tips, after indexing the first life tip to the tool changing position, when the receiving device receives an operation input indicating that the replacement of the first life tip has been completed, the sliding device is controlled to move the turret in the first direction according to the length of the second life tip from the turret to the holding position, and the rotating device is controlled to index the second life tip to the tool changing position.

6. The rotation device is Rotating the turret around a rotation axis; The position adjustment unit 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool change position in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis is adjusted so that the tool change position of the cutting tool having a long length from the turret to the holding position in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis approaches the tool change position of the cutting tool having a short length from the turret to the holding position in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.

7. The determination unit 7. A machine tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein after machining of one of the workpieces is completed, it is determined whether the cumulative number of uses of the cutting tool to which the tip used in machining the workpiece is attached is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold number of times, and the tip attached to the cutting tool whose cumulative number of uses is equal to or greater than the threshold number of times is determined to be the tip at the end of its life.

8. The position adjustment unit The machine tool according to claim 1 , wherein an adjustment is performed to bring the tool change position of the integrated cutting tool closer to the door compared to the tool change position of the life tip.

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