Method and apparatus for joining metal wires and similar products

Abstract

Specifically, a method for bonding metal wires and similar products around a first element (3) and a second element (4) having an elongated shape, such as a reinforcing rod, includes arranging the first element (3) and the second element (4) in an intersecting overlapping configuration so as to define four quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) in an intersection zone on a plane including a longitudinal axis (Y) of one of the first element (3) and the second element (4) and a projection line (P) of the longitudinal axis of the other element. Next, the method provides for inserting a calendar assembly (30, 300, 30') mounted around the bonding axis (A, A') in front of the bonding device (1, 1') to contact and abut at least one of the first element (3) and the second element (2) in the intersection area and engage the four quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method, an apparatus for joining metal wires and similar products, as well as to the joints resulting from the object of the method of the present invention. [Background technology]

[0002] Devices for carrying out the joining of metal wires and similar products are known, for example, in the art of creating mesh for reinforced concrete, or protective mesh, cages or metal for reinforcing fences, suitable for use in different technical fields.

[0003] The most widely used devices are manual, e.g., gripper-type. Essentially, the operator adjusts an element of metal wire around the area where the bond is to be made, leaving each end protruding to one side. The gripper element clamps the ends, and the operator then twists the wire around itself by rotating it. The rotation can be semi-automatic, using a worm screw actuated by the operator and pulled back into position by a resilient means.

[0004] Obviously, these manual devices require a relatively long time to perform the bond and are likewise labor intensive and therefore costly.

[0005] In addition, it must be taken into account that the effectiveness of manually performed bonds, and in particular the tension of the bond, varies significantly depending on the manual dexterity and experience of the operator, and reproducibility of the results cannot be guaranteed.

[0006] Recently, automatic devices have been proposed for joining metal wires or similar products, but the automatic devices are invariably associated with dedicated and sophisticated equipment, which is not always available or easily usable at the building site.

[0007] EP 0 751 270 A1 shows an apparatus for bending wire around a reinforcing rod that can be held by an operator, which comprises a feeding device, a guide arm for guiding a loop of wire around the reinforcing rod, a twisting device for gripping the looped portion of the wire and twisting and tightening the wire, a cutting device for severing the twisted portion from the base of the wire, and a mechanism for positioning the starting end of the wire at a specific position and feeding new wire into the apparatus.

[0008] A different solution is shown in EP 1 440 746 A1, which discloses a machine for joining elements of a reinforcing rod, adapted by means of a feeding assembly to feed a wire along a ring guide to form a ring joint and to twist the same ring so that the reinforcing elements are joined together. The machine includes a sleeve member and a fork-shaped member associated with a shaft, each with a hook at the front for blocking the joining ring against the direction of rotation during rotation of the shaft, resulting in a joining.

[0009] However, the bonding solutions known in the art do not meet the needs of certain sectors, in particular with regard to bonding precision, strength, cost of use and flexibility of use: in particular, known solutions can be large or heavy and therefore not easy to insert into the reinforcing rod or to manipulate to make the bond at any expected location.

[0010] More precisely, in certain sectors, there are complaints that the desire for stable and uniformly tensioned joints, with the result that it can be guaranteed that certain safety standards are achieved and maintained at each stage of the work, is not satisfied by the solutions known in the art.

[0011] In this context, for example, in the technical construction sector, there is a need to tighten the connecting elements together and thus prevent them from moving. This result can only be obtained if the joint is properly tensioned and strong. In fact, in this sector, when the reinforcing bars are assembled, it is necessary to cast concrete onto them. In particular in the case of floors, workers usually carry out the distribution of concrete on the reinforcing rods using a dispensing pump while walking on them. In fact, the material dispensed is of the paste type and is therefore not suitable for self-leveling.

[0012] During this step, the weight of the worker and the weight of the equipment he carries will bear heavily on the single bond, which must be strong and stiff enough to withstand the operation: specifically, its strength is equal to the strength of the transverse dimension of the wire used, while the level of tension is determined by the pulling force the wire will be subjected to following the bonding process.

[0013] If the tension and / or strength is insufficient, the elements of the reinforcing rods can move, thus causing the failure of the intended configuration. The displacement of the elements of the reinforcing rods can locally impair the resistance parameters, in particular the moment of inertia of the structural elements provided by the plan, such as beams and floors. Furthermore, tension and sturdiness are important parameters, in particular in the case of transportation, when the connections are made in the workshop and then moved to the construction site, in order to withstand the lifting and the inevitable bumps and shocks.

[0014] Manually made joints known in the art generally use wire with a maximum diameter of 0.9-1 mm, which can result in joints that are not strong enough.

[0015] On the other hand, conventional portable automatic devices use wire of similar size to that used for manual joining, or wire of smaller diameter, for example 0.6-0.8 mm, and attempt to compensate for this dimensional reduction or in any case strengthen the joint by repeatedly winding the same wire around the element to be tightened. However, in such cases, uniformity of the wire tension cannot be guaranteed for each winding made.

[0016] Finally, known automatic devices generally use specially made reels of metal wire, and therefore special types of non-replenishable reels of metal wire, and are therefore expensive.

[0017] Further examples of automated devices for joining metal wires are given in EP 0 757 143 A1 and US Pat. No. 5,842,506 A1. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0018] [Patent Document 1] European Patent Application Publication No. 0751270 [Patent Document 2] European Patent Application Publication No. 1440746 [Patent Document 3] European Patent Application Publication No. 0757143 [Patent Document 4] U.S. Patent No. 5,842,506 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0019] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to solve the aforementioned problems by devising a method and apparatus for joining metal wires and similar products that allows a strong and effective bond to be produced.

[0020] Within this objective, a further object of the present invention is to provide a device for joining metal wires and similar products of simple construction and functional conception, which results in safe and reliable use, as well as relatively low costs.

[0021] A further object of the present invention is to provide a device for joining metal wires that is flexible in use, in particular one that can be easily adapted to materials of different cross sections.

[0022] Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for producing hard, effective, and reproducible bonds in a reliable manner.

[0023] The above-mentioned objects are achieved according to the invention by a method for bonding metal wires as set forth in claim 1 and by an apparatus for bonding metal wires as set forth in claim 5. [Means for solving the problem]

[0024] Specifically, a method according to the present invention for joining metal wires and similar products to first and second elements having elongated shapes, such as reinforcing rods, includes arranging the first and second elements in an overlapping and intersecting configuration so as to define four quadrants of each in an intersection zone on a plane containing the longitudinal axis of one of the first and second elements and the projection of the longitudinal axis of the other element.

[0025] The method provides for inserting a calendar assembly mounted around the coupling shaft in front of the coupling device into contact with at least one of the first element and the second element at the intersection area, engaging the four quadrants with each of the winding prongs of the calendar assembly.

[0026] The method provides for feeding the wire and the additional wire through a calendar assembly positioned in the intersection area and calendaring around the first element and / or the second element a first winding wound between two of the four quadrants and having a first pair of opposing branches of the wire, and a second winding wound between the remaining two of the four quadrants and having a second pair of opposing branches of the additional wire.

[0027] The method further provides for obtaining each pair of ends for each winding by cutting the wire and the additional wire with a cutting assembly in the appropriate phase relationship.

[0028] The method also provides for holding the ends of the first pair and the second pair of opposing branches by a coupling head of a coupling device mounted within a calendar assembly and rotating about a coupling axis.

[0029] The bonding head is then rotated about the bonding axis, twisting together the first and second pairs of opposing branches held by the ends by the bonding head about the bonding axis to obtain at least a double bond around the first and second elements, the opposing branches coming together at the bonding axis from each of the quadrants.

[0030] The step of feeding the wire and the additional wire through the calendar assembly can provide for creating a double cross bond around the first element and the second element, followed by the step of operating the bonding head by winding the wire and the additional wire along respective winding paths that cross each other around the first element and the second element.

[0031] According to a particular aspect, the step of supplying the wire and the additional wire can provide for guiding the wire and the additional wire along respective substantially parallel winding paths separated from the intersection area around the one element that is further away from the coupling head and between the first element and the second element when the calendar assemblies are placed in contact with each other, thereby realizing a double parallel coupling around the first element and / or the second element by the step of operating the coupling head.

[0032] The step of inserting the calendar assembly can provide for placing a respective molded recess made in front of the calendar assembly in contact with the first element or the second element.

[0033] The method preferably provides for introducing the end of the wire along an input track between an input track and a calender roller, supported by a calender assembly, to perform calendering of the wire, and subsequently guiding the end of the wire along a return track, also supported by the calender assembly, the input track and the return track having at least partially curved extensions for this purpose.

[0034] Preferably, the wire is thrown between the throw-in track and the return track, where "throw-in" means that it is free between the first track and the second track at an intermediate portion of each.

[0035] Preferably, the introduced wire is guided in the second track through an initial part having the shape of the guide, preferably at least partly conical, in particular funnel-shaped.

[0036] Any plane perpendicular to the bond axis is divided into four quadrants by the projections of the axes of the first and second elements on the same plane in the intersection area.

[0037] In other words, on a plane containing one axis between a first element and a second element and a projection of the other axis, each of the four quadrants can be identified as an area where the elements overlap and intersect. A quadrant is defined as a portion of the plane.

[0038] The method may provide for forming a double cross-bond around the first element and the second element, following the step of forming the bond by winding the wire and the additional wire around the first element and the second element along respective winding paths that cross each other. More specifically, the method may provide for fastening, i.e., tightly bonding, the first element and the second element with the wire and the additional wire, and positioning respective opposing branches that are twisted, each of the opposing branches being within one of the four quadrants mentioned above.

[0039] According to this particular embodiment, in the joint thus produced, the wire and the additional wire have a single twist, in which at least four ends of each, two ends of the wire and two ends of the additional wire, converge from the four quadrants mentioned above, and at the same time, the turns of the wire and the turns of the additional wire cross each other.

[0040] The method can similarly provide for making a double parallel joint by guiding the wire and the additional wire along respective substantially parallel winding paths separated by the overlap or intersection area around the elements that are further from the joint head and between the first and second elements when the devices are placed in abutment, and by twisting the four branches of the wire and the additional wire.

[0041] According to this particular further aspect, in the joint thus produced, the wire and the additional wire have a single twist, in which at least four ends of each, two ends of the wire and two ends of the additional wire, converge from the four quadrants, while the turns of the wire and the turns of the additional wire are substantially parallel.

[0042] The method preferably includes moving a calender assembly along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus near the first element and near the second element to adjust the apparatus to contact and abut the first element, and positioning each molded recess formed in the front of the calender assembly to contact and abut the first element. This longitudinal displacement, made possible by the specific structure of the calender assembly, makes it possible to easily reach and join elements arranged in any configuration, even if it is uncomfortable for the operator. Specifically, the wire can be freely inserted between the input track and the return track, leaving it substantially free, thus making the front area of ​​each calender assembly accessible to move it near any type of element or to help overlap the elements to be joined.

[0043] Preferably, the step of adjusting the device to contact and abut the first element precedes the step of orienting the device and / or adjusting the vertical height of the forming recess.

[0044] The method may provide that, in the initial stage of bonding, when the wire is tightened around the first element and / or the second element, opposite branches of the wire contacting the first element or the second element, if provided, are arranged to cross, i.e., be incident, forming a bond angle between the opposite branches, the bond angle being a function of the overall dimensions of the element or elements to be bonded, preferably a function of the distance between the bonding head and the element or elements, the bond angle being between 70° and 135°, preferably 90° and 110°.

[0045] The distance may advantageously have a maximum value of 22 mm, preferably less than or equal to 18 mm.

[0046] According to certain further aspects, the step of bonding may include separating the remainder from the twisted portion by twisting it at an optimal position in terms of strength and height, thereby causing the twisted portion to spontaneously cut off.

[0047] According to certain further aspects, the ends of the wires at the joints are advantageously bent , may not be removed.

[0048] An apparatus according to the present invention for bonding metal wires and similar products around first and second elements that overlap and intersect at an intersection area comprises a body for receiving at least one unwound wire and an unwound additional wire, a calender assembly supported forward by the body and arranged around a longitudinal bonding axis for guiding the wire and the additional wire into first and second windings, respectively, around the first and / or second elements in each working space of the calendering process defined within the calender assembly, and a bonding head supported by the body along the bonding axis and enclosed within the calender assembly for mutually twisting opposite branches of the wound wire and the wound additional wire around the bonding axis.

[0049] Each winding calendar assembly comprises a respective fork, the fork including a first prong having an input track therein and a second prong having a return track therein opposite to the input track with respect to the coupling axis, thereby forming a complete winding path for the wire and the additional wire, with a free area interposed between the first prong and the second prong of each fork, for inputting the wire and the additional wire, respectively, from the input track to the return track and being wound around the first element and / or the second element (4).

[0050] The calender assembly preferably forms pairs of said forks each including an equal number of crossing or parallel winding paths on each of said respective wires.

[0051] The prongs of the fork preferably have a substantially axial extension which allows the calendar assembly to be inserted into abutment with the first element and / or the second element with a substantially axial movement.

[0052] The input and return tracks are preferably constructed by inserts, preferably steel, attached to the calender assembly.

[0053] The return track preferably forms at least one initial portion in the form of a guide to guide the introduction of the wire fed from the feed track.

[0054] The input track and / or the return track may at least partially form a groove for guiding the wire during winding around the at least one first element and / or during gradual tightening around the first element.

[0055] Each of the wire calendering paths within the calender assembly is preferably associated with at least one calender roller for guiding the wire, for example cantilevered in the initial section of the input track.

[0056] The body preferably includes a conduit for guiding the wire.

[0057] The conduit may advantageously include a rigid section with a curved expansion section to provide a corresponding deformation in the wire, to eliminate any pre-existing strain.

[0058] The body may form at least one wire guiding shell projecting outward, inside which the rigid portion for guiding the wire is configured.

[0059] The wire guiding shells are preferably in the form of fins.

[0060] Preferably, the body includes a pair of wire guiding shells angularly separated, for example by about 90°, about the coupling axis.

[0061] The body preferably includes a handle projecting laterally from the body between the two wire guide shells, preferably substantially perpendicular to the coupling axis. The positioning of the handle may allow for gripping of the device, such as a gun.

[0062] The conduit defines a wire path therein, which extends substantially longitudinally of the bond axis to an initial portion, through an intermediate portion having a curve, and to a final portion oriented transversely of the bond axis, specifically substantially perpendicularly, the purpose of which is to perform pre-calendering of the wire entering the bond head.

[0063] According to an aspect which may also be autonomous and thus independent of the remaining features of the invention, a detachable, fixed, carriage-mounted or suspended unit may be provided, for example on the shoulder or on a belt, or may be transportable, for supplying wire which may be associated with the device or other coupling device and thus for housing at least one wire reel.

[0064] The detachable unit may further preferably include, and in particular may accommodate, at least one unwinding assembly and possibly also a straightening assembly for feeding the unwound wire from a reel to the device. This provision offers the advantages of making the coupling device lighter, as well as allowing the feeding of wire of any diameter without weight and size restrictions, as well as accommodating multiple reels. Next, connection means for guiding the wire can be provided.

[0065] The detachable unit may include means for powering the device, for example a battery, in particular if the unit can be carried on the shoulder or on a belt.

[0066] Thus, the device according to the invention allows for a strong and well-tensioned bond around at least one element, connecting a second element to a first element in an easy, reproducible and automatic way.

[0067] Furthermore, the device allows for a double bond that optimally stabilizes and maintains the overlapping configuration of the first and second elements.

[0068] The device according to the invention allows either a single wire or two wires to be supplied at one time and the device can be used to bond the two wires simultaneously, or to selectively bond a single wire between several wires, in particular between two wires, supplied to the device, in either case with the possibility of selectively bonding with one wire or with an additional wire.

[0069] The connection according to the invention of the metal wire and the additional metal wire around the first element and the second element in the mutual intersection zone comprises a winding of the wire and the additional wire around the first element and / or the second element and a single twist made by twisting four opposite branches proceeding from the winding of the wire and the additional wire, respectively, around the same connection axis, the twists converging towards the single twist from each of the four quadrants of a plane perpendicular to the connection axis being delimited by the intersection of the longitudinal axes of one of the first element and the second element and by the projection of the longitudinal axis of the other element.

[0070] According to a particularly advantageous aspect, the turns of the wire and the additional wire are deployed between said pair of anti-symmetric elements with respect to the coupling axis so as to form corresponding intersection points around the first element and the second element.

[0071] According to a particular embodiment, the turns of the wire and the additional wire are arranged to be substantially parallel and separated from the intersection area and are tightened around the first element and the second element.

[0072] According to a particular embodiment, at least one of the wire and the additional wire has a transverse dimension of between 1 and 3 mm.

[0073] The diameter or transverse dimension of the wire and the additional wire used simultaneously for bonding can differ from each other.

[0074] Details of the invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the device for bonding with metal wires and similar products according to the invention, shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0075] [Figure 1a] 1 is a perspective view from an angle of a device according to the invention arranged in an overlapping portion of the elements to be joined; FIG. [Figure 1b] 1 is a perspective view from an angle of a device according to the invention arranged in an overlapping portion of the elements to be joined; FIG. [Figure 1c] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the same device from yet another angle, with the elements not joined. [Figure 2a] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the same device in association with a removable supply unit. [Figure 2b] FIG. 10 is a side view of the same apparatus in association with a removable supply unit. [Figure 2c] 10A-10C are side views of different embodiments of the device associated with different detachable units. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a side view of the same device. [Figure 4] 4 is a cross-sectional view of the device according to the invention taken along line IV-IV shown in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a plan view from below of the same device. [Figure 6] 6 is a cross-sectional view of the device according to the invention taken along the central axial plane of line VI-VI shown in FIG. 5; [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the detail shown in FIG. 6. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a detail used in the device object of the present invention. [Figure 9a] 9 is a perspective view of the same detail shown in FIG. 8 from a different angle. [Figure 9b] 9 is a perspective view of the same detail shown in FIG. 8 from a different angle. [Figure 9c] 9 is a perspective view of the same detail shown in FIG. 8 from a different angle. [Figure 10a] 1 is a perspective view of the device according to the invention without the cover casing, taken from a different angle from the main body; [Figure 10b]1 is a perspective view of the device according to the invention without the cover casing, taken from a different angle from the main body; [Figure 11a] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a calendar assembly used in the same device. [Figure 11b] FIG. 10 is a side view of a calendar assembly used in the same device. [Figure 11c] FIG. 10 is a plan view of a calendar assembly used in the same device. [Figure 12] 10A and 10B are partial cross-sectional views of the same calendar assembly taken along a pair of axial planes. [Figure 13] 1 is a side view of an apparatus according to the present invention; [Figure 14] 14 is a cross-sectional view, along the line XIV-XIV of the plane shown in FIG. 13, of a detail of a coupling head used in a device according to the invention; [Figure 15] 3A and 3B are partial cross-sectional views along a pair of incident axial planes of a detail of a coupling head used in a device according to the invention; [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of FIG. [Figure 17a] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the same coupling head in an operational configuration. [Figure 17b] FIG. 10 is a plan view of the same coupling head in an operational configuration. [Figure 17c] FIG. 10 is a side view of the same coupling head in an operational configuration. [Figure 18a] FIG. 17b is a view similar to FIG. 17a in a different operating configuration. [Figure 18b] FIG. 17b is a view similar to FIG. 17b in a different operating configuration. [Figure 18c] FIG. 17c is a view similar to FIG. 17c but in a different operating configuration. [Figure 19a] FIG. 17b is a view similar to FIG. 17a in a different operating configuration. [Figure 19b] FIG. 17b is a view similar to FIG. 17b in a different operating configuration. [Figure 19c] FIG. 17c is a view similar to FIG. 17c but in a different operating configuration. [Figure 20] 10 is a perspective view of a portion of the apparatus in the next operational step for shearing the metal bond. FIG. [Figure 21]10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion of the apparatus in the next operational step for shearing the metal bond. [Figure 22] 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion of the apparatus in the next operational step for shearing the metal bond. [Figure 23] 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion of the apparatus in the next operational step for shearing the metal bond. [Figure 24a] 1 shows a perspective, partially cutaway view of a detail of the device according to the invention with the calendar assembly and the elements to be coupled in an operational configuration for closing the coupling head; [Figure 24b] 1 shows a perspective, partially cutaway view of a detail of the device according to the invention, without the calendar assembly and the elements to be coupled, in an operational configuration for closing the coupling head; [Figure 25a] 24b is a view similar to FIG. 24a of the coupling head in an open configuration during operation; [Figure 25b] 24b is a view similar to FIG. 24b of the coupling head in an open configuration during operation. [Figure 26] Bonding wires wrapped around different types of bonded elements. [Figure 27] Bonding wires wrapped around different types of bonded elements. [Figure 28] 1 is a perspective view of the bonding head of the bonding material and the pair of elements to be bonded in the final bonding step. [Figure 29a] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a joint performed around a pair of the same elements. [Figure 29b] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a portion of the wire of a bond separated from the bond performed. [Figure 30a] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of only the performed joints. [Figure 30b] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of only a portion of the material or wire of the separate bond. [Figure 31] 1A and 1B are perspective views of a calendar assembly used in a device according to the invention, positioned on different types of coupled elements; [Figure 32]1A and 1B are perspective views of a calendar assembly used in a device according to the invention, positioned on different types of coupled elements; [Figure 33] 1A and 1B are perspective views of a calendar assembly used in a device according to the invention, positioned on different types of coupled elements; [Figure 34] 2A to 2D are cross-sectional views of a detail of a device according to the invention at different operating steps of the bonding process of the first and second elements; [Figure 35] 2A to 2D are cross-sectional views of a detail of a device according to the invention at different operating steps of the bonding process of the first and second elements; [Figure 36] 2A to 2D are cross-sectional views of a detail of a device according to the invention at different operating steps of the bonding process of the first and second elements; [Figure 37] 2A to 2D are cross-sectional views of a detail of a device according to the invention at different operating steps of the bonding process of the first and second elements; [Figure 38] 10 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a detail of the same device, with an additional transverse element moved close to the first element and the second longitudinal element, during an operational step of the bonding process of the first element. [Figure 39] 3A-3D are schematic side views of details of a detachable unit for feeding wires into a device according to the invention in different operating steps; [Figure 40] 3A-3D are schematic side views of details of a detachable unit for feeding wires into a device according to the invention in different operating steps; [Figure 41] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the device according to the invention; [Figure 42a] FIG. 42 is a perspective view of the components of the device shown in FIG. 41. [Figure 42b] FIG. 42 is a perspective view of the components of the device shown in FIG. 41. [Figure 42c] FIG. 42 is a perspective view of the components of the device shown in FIG. 41. [Figure 43a] FIG. 42 is a front view of the device shown in FIG. 41 in the operational step of feeding a wire. [Figure 43b]42 is a perspective view of the device shown in FIG. 41 in the operational step of feeding a wire. [Figure 44] 42 is a side view, in cross section of the central longitudinal plane, of the device shown in FIG. 41 at a subsequent cutting step. [Figure 45] 42 is a side view, in cross section of the central longitudinal plane, of the device shown in FIG. 41 at a subsequent cutting step. [Figure 46] 1A-1C are perspective views of components of a device according to the invention with different embodiments of the connection achieved in a corresponding manner; [Figure 47] 1A-1C are perspective views of components of the device according to the invention in different embodiments at intermediate steps of operation; [Figure 48] 1A-1C are perspective views of components of the device according to the invention in different embodiments in the final steps of operation; [Figure 49] 1 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention; [Figure 50] 10 is a side view of a further embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention; FIG. [Figure 51] FIG. 51 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane LI-LI shown in FIG. 50. [Figure 52] The joints were made using the device shown in Figures 49-51. [Figure 53] FIG. 52 is a perspective view of a coupling head used in the device shown in FIGS. 49-51. [Figure 54] 52 is a cross section along an axial plane of the coupling head used in the device shown in FIGS. 49 to 51. [Figure 55] FIG. 52 is an exploded view of a coupling head used in the apparatus shown in FIGS. 49-51. [Figure 56] 54 shows a perspective view of a detail of the coupling head shown in FIG. 53. [Figure 57] 54 shows a cross-sectional view along an axial plane of a detail of the coupling head shown in FIG. 53. [Figure 58] 52 is a perspective view from a different angle of additional details used in the coupling head shown in FIG. 51. FIG. [Figure 59]Perspective view from different angles of additional details used in the coupling head shown in FIG. 51. [Figure 60] Calendar assembly used in the device shown in FIG. 49. [Figure 61] Calendar assembly used in the device shown in FIG. 49. [Figure 62] Calendar assembly used in the device shown in FIG. 49. [Figure 63] Side view of the coupling head shown in FIG. 53. [Figure 63a] Cross-sectional view of the same coupling head according to the plane LXIIIA-LXIIIA shown in FIG. 63 in the first operating step where only one wire is shown. [Figure 63b] Cross-sectional view of the same coupling head according to the plane LXIIIB-LXIIIB shown in FIG. 6 in the first operating step where only one wire is shown. [Figure 64] A view similar to that shown in FIG. 63 in subsequent operating steps. [Figure 64a] A view similar to that shown in FIG. 63a in subsequent operating steps. [Figure 64b] A view similar to that shown in FIG. 63b in subsequent operating steps. [Figure 65] A view similar to that shown in FIG. 63 in subsequent operating steps. [Figure 65a] A view similar to that shown in FIG. 63a in subsequent operating steps. [Figure 65b] A view similar to that shown in FIG. 63b in subsequent operating steps. [Figure 66] A view similar to that shown in FIG. 63 in subsequent operating steps. [Figure 66a] A view similar to that shown in FIG. 63a in subsequent operating steps. <了 [Figure 66b] A view similar to that shown in FIG. 63b in subsequent operating steps. [Figure 67] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63 in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 67a] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63a in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 67b] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63b in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 68] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63 in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 68a] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63a in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 68b] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63b in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 69] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63 in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 69a] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63a in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 69b] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63b in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 70] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63 in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 70a] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63a in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 70b] It is a figure similar to that shown in FIG. 63b in subsequent operation steps. [Figure 71] It is a figure of a cross-section corresponding to the cross-section shown in FIG. 70a of a joint released from the same coupling head.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0076] Referring particularly to a plurality of figures, 1 shows an apparatus for joining a metal wire 2 and similar products wound around a first element 3 having a specifically elongated shape, for example a reinforcing rod, and optionally a second element 4 (see FIG. Ib). [[ID=​The device can further be used for different purposes, for example to attach an identification tag to an element, or simply to close a single element of plastic material, such as the edge of a bag.

[0078] The device 1 according to the invention is suitable for making any type of bond, for example simple or double, crossed or parallel, by twisting the wire-like material around the same bond axis A in each case (see FIG. 4).

[0079] For example, as specifically described below, it should be understood that each of the following Wire 2 reference numbers may also be understood as a reference to the provision of several Wires 2, such as, but not limited to, a pair of Wires 2, a Wire 2, and an additional Wire 2 to create a double crossover or parallel bond, and vice versa, where feasible.

[0080] Thus, the device 1 can be joined by joining the first element 3 and preferably also the second element 4 in the area of ​​their mutual overlap or intersection.

[0081] The first element 3 and the second element 4 joined by bonding may comprise, for example, vertical metal elements joined at junctions or overlapping points, or vertical and horizontal metal elements joined at intersections, each intended for making a metal cage or wire mesh for reinforcing rods in buildings for fences or for other purposes. For example, the joined elements may comprise vertical elements such as reinforcing bars and also horizontal elements such as reinforcing brackets, preferably for making reinforced concrete buildings.

[0082] Specifically, the transverse elements can be flat or curved, single or double. More precisely, in a reinforcing cage, for example, the transverse elements are usually curved brackets themselves, placed side by side with their respective ends overlapping, thus resulting in an overlapping end, which in turn constitutes a double element that is connected to the reinforcing longitudinal elements, usually bars. It is also observed that in a reinforcing cage, the longitudinal reinforcing elements can cross the transverse elements, i.e., brackets, both on the sides of these elements, where a planar intersection occurs, and on the curved parts of the ends of these elements, where a three-dimensional intersection is determined in the case of curved parts.

[0083] The elements to be joined have lateral dimensions, particularly diameters, which may vary within a wide range, as is known in the art to which reference is made.

[0084] "Joint" means the product of a spiral winding along the joint axis A of the opposite branch 2' of the wire 2 which is wound around the first element 3 and / or the second element 4 until the area where the elements to be joined overlap each other is tightened, according to the requirements of use (see, for example, Figure 28).

[0085] The wire 2 can be unwound from each reel 5 using special unwinding means. Preferably, the wire 2 is a wire of annealed metal material, in particular of a joint with outstanding formability. Advantageously, the device according to the invention can use most of the wires commonly available on the market.

[0086] For example, at least one reel 5, preferably a plurality of reels 5, eg a pair of reels 5, can be arranged separately from the device 1, eg in a detachable unit 6 (see Figures 2a and 2b).

[0087] The detachable unit 6 can be used to act as a different type of coupling device than the device objects of the present invention, thus reducing the weight of these devices and allowing the feeding of wires with a significantly longer lateral dimension, which would otherwise not be easily accommodated in devices due to their size and weight.

[0088] Preferably, the detachable unit 6 is wheeled, or is provided with wheels or tracks suspended or mounted in an equivalent manner, for easy movement to the vicinity of the point of use. Alternatively, the detachable unit 6 can be carried on the shoulder or on a belt, such as in a backpack.

[0089] In turn, in the detachable unit 6, a pull-out assembly 7 can further be accommodated on each of the reels 5 as unwinding means. The pull-out assembly 7 can optionally be coupled in accordance with the feeding direction, in particular preceded by a straightening assembly 7a for the wire 2 unwound from the reel 5.

[0090] The detachable unit 6 may further comprise a control device 8, which ensures the power supply to the apparatus 1, possibly by means of a battery, as well as, if necessary, the regulation of the supply of the wire 2 or wires 2 to the apparatus 1. More precisely, as will be explained in detail below, the control device 8 is configured to control the drive means of the drawer assembly of the assembly 7 and also the drive means arranged inside the apparatus 1.

[0091] Connection means 9, for example of tubular and flexible type, in particular in the form of a sheath, may be provided to allow the electrical connection and feeding of the wires 2 from the detachable unit 6 to the device 1.

[0092] As will be explained below, the tubular connection means 9 can accommodate, for example, a sheath 90 for passing the metal wire 2, a power supply, a control cable 91 for the actuation means of the device 1, and an electrical signal cable 92 for carrying the necessary electrical signals to the control means of the device 1 (see in particular Figure 3).

[0093] Specifically, the connection means 9, for example a flexible tube, can be supported by an arm 93 supported by the detachable unit 6 to lift the connection means. The arm 93 preferably supports a housing guide 94 at the top, which can receive the connection means 9, for example a flexible tube, and position the connection means according to a curved path.

[0094] Furthermore, connecting means 9a, for example of the rigid tube type, if provided, can be provided for guiding the wire 2 from each reel 5 to the unwinding assembly 7 and optionally also to the straightening assembly 7a.

[0095] According to a further embodiment shown in Fig. 2c, the detachable unit 6' can be provided to accommodate the drawer assembly 7 at the top of the arm 93'. This provision allows the connection means 9' to be shortened by maximizing the available drawer force, which in turn allows the coupling device to function better and to be kept further away from the detachable unit 6'. In Fig. 2c, the detachable unit is connected to a further embodiment of the device 1' described below, but can be connected to any coupling device.

[0096] The detachable units 6, 6' can usefully be equipped with anti-return devices 60 for the wire 2 (see Figures 39 and 40), which are configured to prevent the wire 2 from unwinding randomly on each reel 5 when the wire 2 is being retracted by each pull-out assembly 7, as will be explained in detail below. In particular, problems can arise with the return of the wire 2 in the opposite direction R, especially when the reel 5 is approaching the discharge step, when the reel 5 gradually empties itself and the wire 2 is fed in the thrust direction S. In fact, during the return step, the wire 2 can penetrate itself inside the reel 5, and this return risks forming a loop of the wire 2, which becomes tangled due to the somewhat unorganized winding of the reel 5.

[0097] The anti-return device 60 serves to prevent the already unwound wire 2 from re-entering the reel 5. In particular, the anti-return device 60 causes the wire 2 to create an alternative path, in particular in the shape of an S, partly inside the guiding means 61 which can alternately move between a thrust configuration 61a and a return configuration 61b. The guiding means 61 can usefully consist, at least partly, of a return spring which can guide the wire 2.

[0098] An anti-return device 60 for the wire 2 may be associated with means 62 for inserting the wire 2 emerging from the reel 5, with the aim of ensuring its correct guidance.

[0099] Specifically, in order to avoid messy return of the wire 2 into the reel during the return step, the thrust arrangement 61a, if provided, may correspond to a path extending towards the insertion means 62 interposed between the reel 5 and the return prevention device 60, while the return arrangement 61b may correspond to a loop path, e.g., a loop, outside the reel 5.

[0100] Thus, the guide means 61 is arranged in a thrust configuration 61a when the wire 2 is fed in a thrust direction S, and in a return configuration 61b when the wire is retracted in a return direction R (see Figures 39 and 40).

[0101] The detachable units 6, 6' may alternatively also be provided to accommodate portable power supply means, e.g. battery powered means, for powering the apparatus. This facility is particularly useful in events where the detachable unit 6 can be transported on the shoulder or on a belt.

[0102] The device 1 is preferably in the form of a portable unit, and therefore a portable tool, and is advantageously lightweight and compact, in a form that can be easily manipulated by an operator (see in particular Figures 1a, 1b and 1c).

[0103] In a very versatile way, the device 1 can be mounted on an automated machine, for example a machine for making metal cages, an assembly machine or a machine for making metal mesh, or can be mounted on a robotic arm instead of being held by a worker.

[0104] The device 1 therefore preferably comprises a body 10 which can be held by an operator, a bonding head 20 connected to the body 10 and rotatable about a bonding axis A, and, if provided, a calendar assembly 30 which cooperates with the bonding head 20 to wind and bond at least one wire 2 around the first element 3 and / or the second element 4 (see in particular Figures 3 and 4).

[0105] The calendar assembly 30 may also usefully perform the function of providing support, and thus adjustable adaptability, of the apparatus 1 to the elements 3, 4 to be joined, so that these elements are in the correct position to be subsequently wound by the wire 2. In particular, as will be explained below, this support may contribute to determining the correct joining angle β.

[0106] The device 1 further comprises a cutting assembly 40 for shearing each of the supplied wires 2 (see in particular FIG. 15).

[0107] As will be explained in detail below, the body 10 preferably includes a handle 11 for easy gripping by an operator and a control member 12, preferably an activation lever or trigger switch, for activating the coupling cycle or a stage of the cycle. Alternatively, the control member can be a contact or proximity sensor configured to automatically activate the coupling cycle, for example, when the device reaches a stop, i.e., when it contacts the elements 3, 4 to be coupled.

[0108] More precisely, the control member 12 preferably activates both a bonding cycle and a removal cycle. The bonding cycle may include feeding and calendering the wire 2, cutting and bonding the wire 2. As will be explained in detail below, a removal cycle may be provided which may include ejecting any pieces of wire 2 remaining in the bonding head 20 and reorienting the mechanism, i.e., the bonding head 20, in its initial position.

[0109] The body 10 preferably has a substantially longitudinal extension along the joint axis A. This extension offers the advantage of optimizing the lateral dimensions of the device 1 and allows for a more efficient front insertion in difficult to access operating positions, which is also useful, for example, when the device is mounted on a machine. As explained below, the body 10 can also have different shapes, as long as, for example, the body 10 allows the operator to work in the most ergonomic position possible for the particular application. However, different arrangements are possible, as shown below.

[0110] The body 10 houses an actuating member 13, in particular a gear motor, which, when the control member 12 is activated, rotates the operating member of the device 1 and operates the coupling step.

[0111] The actuating member 13 is specifically configured to preferably control both clockwise and counterclockwise rotation and thus activate all movements of the coupling head 20 and preferably the cutting assembly 40 .

[0112] As will be explained in more detail below, the actuating member 13 preferably includes means for detecting angular position, such as an electrical transducer, an absolute or mechanical encoder, a stop system and / or interlocking means, etc., to ensure accurate angular positioning of the associated moving parts.

[0113] The main body 10 further includes a connection portion 14 for connecting a coupling head 20 and a calendar assembly 30 (see specifically Figures 10a and 10b).

[0114] Preferably, the connection 14 can carry means 15 for attachment to the preferably quick-connect calendar assembly 30 (see Figures 10a and 10b). As will be shown below, the attachment means 15, in particular the quick-connect means, allow for fast intervention in the device 1, for example when the operation is locked, and in particular for equally fast replacement of the calendar assembly 30, for example when the dimensions of the elements 3, 4, in particular for optimal support, are not included in the space covered by the assembled unit, or when the type of connection needs to be changed, in particular to a double cross connection or a parallel connection.

[0115] The body 10 also includes a conduit 16 for feeding the wire 2 unwound from the reel 5 (see FIG. 7). The body 10 accommodates a pair of conduits 16, when appropriate for making a bond, i.e., a double bond, between a first wire 2 and a second wire 2. Each of the conduits 16 includes at least one rigid portion 16a, e.g., a terminal end, for properly guiding the wire 2 as it travels from one longitudinal end of the body 10 to the opposite end, toward the bonding head 20.

[0116] The conduit 16 is oriented inside the body 10 according to a variable inclination from a substantially vertical input orientation to an inclined output orientation, preferably at an angle of about 30° relative to the coupling axis A, to ensure accurate insertion inside the coupling head 20 and calendar assembly 30.

[0117] Preferably, the rigid portion 16a of the conduit 16 forms a pronounced final curve. This curved configuration is particularly useful when using an annealed wire 2. This type of wire 2, characterized by a large inelastic deformation in practice, can easily assume a configuration in which it is loaded by a preferably pronounced curvature of the distal end 16a.

[0118] The effect produced by the end portion 16a includes "eliminating the restoring force" that prevents the wire 2 from moving due to its path through the flexible connecting means 9, and provides a restoring force to the coupling head 20 in both orientation and spatial arrangement accurately.

[0119] The structure of the end 16a of the channel 16 therefore allows the wires 2 to exit the device 1 and the connection means 9 in substantially the same way regardless of their assumed position in space.

[0120] Furthermore, the end 16a can also play a role in the realignment step of the wire 2 after the bonding cycle. More precisely, when the operator moves the device 1 in space to reach the elements 3, 4 to be joined and correctly positions the device 1, this determines a corresponding deformation of the part of the wire 2 housed inside the end 16a with respect to the part housed inside the deformable part of the conduit 16. It is therefore advantageous enough to pull back the wire 2 upstream of the end 16a of the conduit 16 in order to eliminate these deformations.

[0121] The conduit 16 is preferably at least partially housed in the handle 11 to allow a gradually sloping path from the inlet to the outlet from the body 10 towards the coupling head 20 .

[0122] Each of the conduits 16 preferably enters a port 17 arranged in said connection part 14, the port 17 preferably being suitably inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the device 1, in particular coinciding with the coupling axis A corresponding to the aforementioned end part 16a. In the case shown, the connection part 14 comprises a pair of angularly spaced ports 17, which guide the fed wire 2 in a corresponding manner, preferably at an angle equal to 90° and preferably inclined with respect to the coupling axis A (see Figures 7 and 10b).

[0123] Furthermore, the same connection 14 carries, on the side facing the bonding head 20 in use, a realignment mechanism 18 for repositioning the bonding head 20 to the start of a new bonding cycle (see, for example, FIG. 17a).

[0124] The realignment mechanism 18 serves to position the bonding head 20, which is preferably normally positioned in the retained configuration by a contrast action performed by a resilient means in the open configuration. This prepares, for example, the start of a bonding cycle, but also makes it possible to facilitate the removal of any fragments of wire 2 remaining in the bonding head 20 at the end of the cycle. The realignment action is performed by rotating the bonding head 20 to a maximum advanced angular position relative to an initial reference position. As mentioned above, the realignment mechanism 18 may be associated with means for detecting the angular position, for example, electrical or mechanical means.

[0125] As will be explained in detail below, more precisely, the rearrangement mechanism 18 can be constituted by a lever with resilient spring means connecting with opposing connection portions 14, the levers being shaped and arranged for use to engage with respective coupling cavities 19 formed in the coupling head 20 (see FIG. 8).

[0126] The coupling head 20 is preferably mounted on the front of the main body 10 coaxially with the calendar assembly 30. Specifically, the coupling head 20 is preferably inserted inside the calendar assembly 30.

[0127] The coupling head 20 comprises a support member 21 bearing a key portion 22 for attachment to the drive member 13, which is preferably made in the form of a tongue.

[0128] As will be explained below, the support member 21 also has a channel 23 for passing each of the supplied wires 2, the channel 23 starting at each port 17, extending through the cutting assembly 40 and opening at the opposite end (see FIG. 14). In the example shown, two angularly separated channels 23 are provided in the support member 21.

[0129] Preferably, each of the channels 23 extends inside the support member 21 at an angle relative to its own longitudinal axis, which coincides with the bonding axis A. Essentially, the channels 23 continue the inclination assumed by the opening 17 for accurate insertion of the wire 2 in the bonding head 20 and the calendar assembly 30.

[0130] At the opposite end, the bonding head 20 includes a first operating member 24 (see FIG. 14) and a second operating member 25 (see FIG. 17a) which hold each wire respectively and cooperate to twist the wires 2 about the bonding axis A.

[0131] More precisely, the first operating member 24 includes a plurality of fingers 26 arranged circumferentially and angularly separated about the bond axis A. Each of the fingers 26 preferably extends substantially longitudinally and preferably presents a cross section that decreases towards the bond axis A to facilitate insertion and sliding of one of the wires 2 between adjacent fingers 26.

[0132] The embodiment shown preferably provides, for example, four fingers 26 angularly distributed around the bond axis A to create a double bond, i.e., allowing the engagement of pairs of wires 2 wound around and crossing a first element 3 and preferably at least a second element 4, the elements overlapping or crossing (see in particular Figures 26 and 27).

[0133] Each of the fingers 26 preferably increases friction against at least one working surface 27, e.g., a pair of lateral working surfaces 27, preferably laterally opposed pairs of working surfaces 27. As will be explained in more detail below, for example, these working surfaces 27 may be provided with a jagged area or a jagged coating, e.g., on at least a portion of each finger lateral surface, or, e.g., on both opposing lateral surfaces, to ensure secure engagement of the wire 2 (see FIGS. 8 and 14).

[0134] Specifically, as the coupling head 20 rotates about the coupling axis A, the fingers 26 act as coupling members for the wire 2. As explained below, during this step, opposing portions of the wire 2 are forced to bend as a result of the coupling head 20 rotating. This is because the opposing portions of the wire 2 are "trapped" inside the openings 20a, 20b defined in the coupling head 20 when it is placed in the holding configuration (see FIG. 19b). This bending causes the same portions of the wire 2 to be held in fixed abutments of the fingers 26, preferably by friction generated in contact with the working surfaces 27. The bending of each portion, particularly the bending of the ends of the wire 2, usefully limits, and specifically controls, the frictional sliding of the wire 2 sufficiently to block the wire 2 and allow the formation of the twisted portion 101 of the coupling, thereby compensating for the gradual unwinding of the wire 2. Specifically, this frictional sliding serves to avoid premature tearing of the twisted portion 101 of the wire 2, instead allowing the wire 2 to separate with only the desired tension of the bond, making the bond effective and sturdy, etc.

[0135] The fingers 26 are therefore angularly separated so as to define between them at least a first passage 28a and a second passage 28b (see FIG. 19b) suitable for the passage of each wire 2 for the initial and final ends of the winding of the same wire 2. The first passage 28a and the second passage 28b are open on at least one side, in particular facing the working space for calendering, and thus define their respective open contours. In other words, as will be explained below, the first operating member 24 is therefore formed with at least a first passage 28a and a second passage 28b opposite and / or adjacent to the coupling axis, the first passage 28a and the second passage 28b being suitable for the passage of a first branch 2a and a second branch 2b adjacent to the first branch 2a of the wire 2 that have been calendered in a ring around the first element 3 and / or the second element 4 by the calender assembly 30 (see Figure 7).

[0136] The passages 28a, 28b are particularly suitable for engagement of the wire 2 at the operating surface 27 and open towards the opposite end relative to the key member 22 in use to allow extraction of the device 1 at the end of the coupling cycle, for example as described below.

[0137] The second operating member 25, in cooperation with the first operating member 24, holds the wire 2 or wires 2 and essentially closes the open profile of the passages 28 a, 28 b. In fact, as will be explained in more detail below, this cooperation, and therefore the closed profile, at least partially makes these openings 28 a, 28 b inaccessible and prevents the wire 2 from exiting along the axial direction of the device 1, in particular in front of the coupling head 20.

[0138] More precisely, the second operating member 25 forms a ring 51 from which a plurality of separator elements 52 extend at an angular separation in the longitudinal direction about the connecting axis A, in a minimum number corresponding to the number of fingers 26 (see, for example, FIG. 8 ).

[0139] The separator elements 52 define between them an equal number of spaces 53a, 53b corresponding to the passages 28a, 28b. The spaces 53a, 53b, like the passages 28a, 28b, are open to the front of the joining head 20 and therefore to the calendering space on the opposite side of the connection 14, as for example occurs when, in use, joining is carried out by inserting the device 1 in a vertical downward movement in the overlap or intersection area of ​​the elements 3, 4, as described below (see for example Figures 8 and 19b).

[0140] The separator element 52 may have a substantially longitudinal extension, for example extending laterally, like a hook, and a retaining portion 54, which in said retaining configuration, according to the axial direction of the passages 28a, 28b, forms a projecting edge useful for closing the open contour, in particular in the calendering space in front of the coupling head 20, approaching the fingers 26 and holding the wire 2 inside the retaining portion 54 during the twisting step. On the other hand, as will be explained below, when the coupling head 20 is placed in said open configuration, the same retaining portion 54 is separated from the fingers 26, leaving free access to the passages 28a, 28b from each side, for example as will be explained below, and allowing the evacuation of residues of the coupling that may remain on the coupling head 20 at the end of the coupling, as will be explained below.

[0141] The second operating member 25 is rotatably mounted around the first operating member 24 by the interposition of elastic contrast means 55, constituted for example by a torsion spring. Resilient means 55 are arranged to maintain the second operating member 25 in the retained configuration (see Figure 8).

[0142] More precisely, the first operating member 24 and the second operating member 25 are movable relative to one another according to a relative rotational movement about the joint axis A so as to define at least a first opening 20a and a second opening 20b of variable width, i.e. the passages 28a, 28b and the spaces 53a, 53b are substantially facing one another and the holding portion 54 is spaced from the finger 26, so that the first opening 20a and the second opening 20b form a passage for the wire 2, for example during a feeding step or a removal step. The first operating member 24 and the second operating member 25 are movable between an open configuration (see Figure 19a) having an open profile on the side facing the calendering space for exiting from the calendering space, and a holding configuration (see Figure 18a) in which the opening 28a has a closed profile that undergoes reciprocal sliding between the same members, following which the holding portions 54 approach the fingers 26 to engage with the wire 2, holding the respective opposite portions of the wire 2 adjacent the opposite branches 2' inside the coupling head 20 and twisting the wire 2 around the coupling axis A.

[0143] Specifically, in the retention configuration, as the coupling head 20 rotates, the wire 2 contacts and bends against each of the fingers 26, thus remaining locked. When the actuating member 13 rotates the first and second motion members 24, 25 during the twisting step about the coupling axis A, the increased surface friction of the fingers 26, if usefully provided, has the effect of retaining the coupled wires 2 and limiting sliding of the wires 2.

[0144] More precisely, the engagement action performed on the wire 2 passing through the openings 20a, 20b with varying amplitude of the operating members 24, 25 blocks the wire 2 to ensure tension in the bond, and at the same time allows the wire 2 to slide on the same operating surface, for example, ensuring accurate twisting of the wire 2 and at the same time avoiding possible tearing or damage to the bond.

[0145] The movement of the fingers 26 near the separator element 52 to close the contours of the openings 20a, 20b is advantageously performed by the action of the elastic contrast means 55 which acts to close the contours of the openings 20a, 20b, and therefore in particular by the action of the retaining portion 54 which has been moved near the fingers 26.

[0146] More precisely, in the retaining configuration, the wire 2 is retained inside the openings 20a, 20b. Advantageously, the retaining portion 54 is shaped, for example, to be curved, so as to guide the wire 2 towards the bend that contacts the finger 26.

[0147] Recall that, as expected, the ring 51 also has a plurality of angularly spaced recesses 19 or notches for coupling to the realignment means 18 described above.

[0148] By appropriately rotating the coupling head 20, for example in a clockwise direction B, the rearrangement means 18 can position itself beyond the nearest recess 19 of the ring 51, and the coupling head 20 can rotate about the coupling axis A against the contrast of the above-mentioned elastic means 55. In this situation, by rotating the coupling head 20 in the opposite direction, the rearrangement mechanism 18 can couple to the recess 19 in a blocking manner with the second operating member 25, making the second operating member 25 integral with the body 10. A subsequent rotation of the coupling head 20 then allows, by moving only the first operating member 24, in the open configuration, to bring the compartments 28a, 28b into controlled alignment with the spaces 53a, 53b and / or the conduit 16 into alignment with the channel 23 of the coupling head 20, initiating a new coupling cycle.

[0149] At the same time, as will be explained in detail below, the described realignment cycle may advantageously allow for alignment or realignment of the cutting assembly 40 as well.

[0150] The calendar assembly 30 serves to guide the wire 2, or, just in case, each of the wires 2, through a substantially circular path winding around the first element 3 and / or preferably the second element 4, in the respective overlap or intersection areas. In practice, during the winding step, the ends of the wire 2 pass through the openings 28a, 28b and spaces 53a, 53b of the coupling head 20, which are accessible facing each other in the open configuration, and then, during the twisting or winding step, the movement of the fingers 26 in the holding configuration ensures effective engagement with the separator element 52.

[0151] The calendar assembly 30 is molded with a sleeve 31 which is, for example, inserted axially around the coupling head 20 and fixed to the connection 14 of the body 10 by means of attachment means 15 .

[0152] The sleeve 31 has a greater longitudinal extension relative to the joining head 20 and thus protrudes relative to the joining head 20 in the assembled position, so that a calendering working space is defined for winding the wire 2 around the elements to be joined. In particular, this working space for calendering is adjacent, for example below, the working space for winding during use, in which the twisting is carried out by the joining head 20.

[0153] The sleeve 31 has at least one calendering path for the wire 2 therein. In particular, this path may be constituted by an input track 32 and a return track 33 opposite the input track 32 with respect to the bonding axis A, so that following the entry of the ends of the wire 2 through the first openings 20a of the bonding head 20, complete winding of the wire 2 and return of each end through the corresponding second openings 20b of the bonding head 20 is ensured, for the subsequent twisting step, as will be explained.

[0154] The tracks 32 , 33 are preferably and advantageously at least partly curved to guide the winding of the wire 2 , and are preferably constituted by special grooves in the inner wall of the sleeve 31 .

[0155] The winding paths respectively constituted by the input track 32 and the return track 33 preferably alternate, in particular along the longitudinal axis of the device 1, and therefore the tracks have different heights to avoid collisions when the wires 2 cross, for example in the case of a double cross-coupling.

[0156] More precisely, the calendering path of the wire 2, in particular the input track 32 and the return track 33, can advantageously be constituted by inserts, for example by steel, suitably fitted inside the sleeve 31. Alternatively, they can be made from plastic and / or aluminium, in order to contribute to the lightness of the device 1.

[0157] Furthermore, each of the input tracks 32 is preferably associated with a calender roller 34 configured to counter the natural resistance of the wire 2 as it follows the calendering path. More precisely, the roller 34 may be usefully supported in a cantilevered manner by the sleeve 31 or by the same track 32, allowing disengagement of the wire 2 from the track 32 during twisting (see FIG. 7).

[0158] The return track 33 preferably forms an initial portion, for example in the form of a funnel or at least partially conically shaped guide, to facilitate the insertion of the wire 2 fed from the feed track 32. This feed results from the fact that a gap is advantageously provided between the feed track 32 and the return track 33, creating a space in the calendering space for receiving the elements 3, 4 to be joined.

[0159] The calendar assembly 30 is shaped so that it has at least one molded cavity in front of it to accommodate each of the elements 3, 4 that it abuts against. This structure allows the device 1, in front of which the calendar assembly 30 is supported, to move with a simple movement along its longitudinal axis close to the elements 3, 4 that it abuts against. In other words, the molded structure allows a tightly fixed abutment, preferably an adjustable abutment, in contact with the elements 3, 4.

[0160] More precisely, the sleeve 31 may have shaped recesses 35 at its free end arranged in a minimum of pairs, preferably obliquely arranged with respect to the joining axis A, to ensure the positioning of the calendar assembly 30 on the elements to be joined, or in the case of a first and a second element, precisely in the overlapping area at the intersection between the first element 3 and the second element 4, and the accurate winding of the wire 2 around these elements (see in particular Figures 11a, 11b, and 11c). In particular, the structure of the shaped recesses 35 determines the distance between the elements 3, 4 and the joining head 20 when the device 1 is positioned in contact with at least one of the same elements 3, 4. For example, when joining a first element 3 and a second element 4 arranged at an intersection, the shaped recesses 35 may have different depths, for example, in order to accurately support the element furthest from the joining head 20 (see Figures 31, 32, and 33).

[0161] Figure 33 shows that whenever a first element 3 and a second element are arranged in an overlapping and intersecting configuration, they can define an intersecting area on a plane that includes, in the case of element 3, the vertical axis Y of one of the first element 3 and the second element 4 and the projection line P of the vertical axis of each of the other four quadrants Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4.

[0162] Finally, the cutting assembly 40 comprises a fixed knife 41 and a movable knife 42 (see Figures 9c and 15).

[0163] Advantageously, the fixed knife 41 is integral with the body 10, in particular with the connecting part 14, while the movable knife 42 is integral with the coupling head 20, in particular with the support member 21.

[0164] More precisely, the knives 41, 42 may be constituted by respective members, for example plates, knife 41 being fixed and knife 42 being movable, each mounted on the support member 21 at the connection 14 and having a respective hole 43, 44 for the insertion of the wire 2, which, in use, is arranged along the feed path of the wire from the body 10 of the coupling head 20. In practice, the cutting of the wire 2 may occur by a further relative rotational movement between the body 10 and the coupling head 20, which bears said hole for the passage of the wire, and thus the wire is cut.

[0165] Advantageously, when the device 1 is designed to supply pairs of wires 2, it is possible to provide that one of the two holes, for example the hole of the movable knife 42, is configured with a slot 44a, so that continuous cutting of the wires 2 is performed, thus distributing the cutting operation in time and avoiding overloading.

[0166] It should also be noted that the above-described rearrangement cycle performed by the rearrangement mechanism 18 may also, as expected, allow for realignment of the holes 43, 44 after the cutting step in order to begin a new feeding step and therefore insertion of the wire 2.

[0167] The operation of the device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention can be understood from the above description.

[0168] The operation for double bonds, in particular cross bonds, is explained below in the sense that it is also possible to bring about bonds with different numbers of wires 2, for example to make simple bonds.

[0169] In an early adjustment stage, a rearrangement cycle is commanded to ensure that the variable width openings 20a, 20b of the bonding head 20 are in, for example, an open configuration, thereby making the wire 2 accessible, and to properly align the fixed knife 41 and movable knife 42 of the cutting assembly 40, allowing the passage of each of the wires 2 through the conduit 16 and, in succession, through the channel 23 of the bonding head 20.

[0170] Essentially, the operator can control a first rotation of the coupling head 20 around the coupling axis A, for example in a clockwise direction B, by means of the control member 12, so that the rearrangement mechanism 18 passes through the recess 19 closest to the ring 51 of the second operating member 25 (see Figures 17a, 17b, 17c).

[0171] Subsequently, the operator can command a second rotation in the opposite direction, for example counterclockwise direction C, which results in the rearrangement mechanism 18 engaging the recess 19 and thus blocking the second operating member 25 (see Figures 18a to 18c).

[0172] By continuing to rotate the coupling head 20, a relative angular displacement is then created between the first operating member 24 and the second operating member 25, which places the coupling head 20 in an open configuration, with the openings 20a, 20b having an open profile for passing opposite portions of the wire 2 (see Figures 19a to 19c).

[0173] The described realignment procedure, performed by continuous controlled rotation of the coupling head 20, can be performed automatically by activating the control member 12, preferably by a single gesture by the operator.

[0174] At this point, the operator can position the device 1 at the overlapping portion of the first element 3 and the second element 4 to be joined.

[0175] The unwinding assembly 7 is then activated, preferably by autonomously driving each of the wires 2, to unwind the reel 5 and feed the wires 2 inside the body 10. This allows the same device 1 to perform double or single binding, with fast switching from one mode to the other.

[0176] Specifically, each of the wires 2 follows a feed path through the conduit 16 in the body 10 , through the holes 43 , 44 , 44 a in the cutting assembly 40 , and finally through the channel 23 in the bonding head 20 .

[0177] Specifically, the curved structure of each end 16a of the conduit 16 "eliminates the restoring force" of all strains that the wire 2 experiences on its path from the reel 5 to the maximum point where it continues inside the device 1 (see specifically Figure 7).

[0178] Next, in the open configuration, the end of the wire 2 emerges from the channel 23 oriented to proceed beyond the first opening 20a, resulting from the control of the overlap of the first passage 28a and the first space 53a, and thus reaching the calendaring operating space of the calendar assembly 30.

[0179] The end of the wire 2 is then passed through an input track 32 and an output track 33 and calendered against rollers 34 to wrap around the first and second elements 3 and 4. Specifically, in the illustrated case, the input track 32 and output track 33 are arranged to wrap the wire 2 in a crisscross fashion around the elements 3, 4 to be joined (see, e.g., Figures 26 and 27).

[0180] At the end of the feeding step, each end of the wire 2 returns to the coupling head 20 and is thus guided through the second opening 28b (see in particular FIG. 7).

[0181] Each of the wires 2 is then cut by the cutting assembly 40. To do this, a rotation of the coupling head 20 is then commanded, for example clockwise B. The rotational movement first causes the sliding of the movable knife 42 against the fixed knife 41, thus resulting in a continuous blanking of the wire 2 (see Figures 20 to 23).

[0182] Rotation of the coupling head 20 also causes release of the rearrangement means 18 and relative angular sliding between the first and second operating members 24, 25, for example, positioning them in a retaining configuration. In this configuration, each of the wires 2 is then retained inside the first and second openings 20a, 20b of the coupling head 20. Specifically, the opposing portions of the wires 2 move from the inside of the coupling head 20 through the same openings 20a, 20b, but cannot exit those openings, because the associated contours are closed by moving the retaining portion 54 of the second operating member 25 near the finger 26 of the first operating member 24.

[0183] It should be noted that the relative rotational movement of the first operating member 24 and the second operating member 25 of the coupling head 20 can be actuated in an appropriate time relationship to the feeding of the wire 2, for example, before the feeding of the wire 2 is initiated, since also the closure of the contours of the openings 20a, 20b may result in the retention configuration allowing the passage of the wire 2 next to the coupling axis A.

[0184] After cutting, the retraction of the remainder of the wire 2 towards each reel 5 is preferably operated by the retraction assembly 7. This retraction prevents the remainder of the wire 2 connected to the reel 5 remaining inside the distal end 16a of the conduit 16, in particular within the respective sheath, from engaging the cutting assembly 40 and therefore from risking being sheared off with each rotation following actuation of the coupling head 20. shear This prevents the risk of locking the operation of the coupling head 20 due to the by-products of the anti-rewind device 60. The anti-rewind device 60 makes it possible to prevent the wire 2 from being untidy unwound onto the reel 5 during the retraction or return step, with the guiding means 61 arranged in the return arrangement 61b causing a corresponding loop or slippage outside the reel 5.

[0185] Further rotation of the coupling head 20 then pulls the ends of the wire 2 held by the coupling head 20 in a twisting step about the coupling axis A. Specifically, in the holding configuration of the coupling head 20, the openings 20a, 20b have a closed profile, and rotation about the coupling axis A causes bending of opposite portions of the wire 2 emerging from the openings 20a, 20b into substantial contact with the fingers 26. The holding action of the bending of the opposite portions of the wire 2, with the aid of the guide tracks 32, 33 and preferably reinforced by the friction-increasing working surface 27, causes each of the wound wires 2 to gradually approach the first element 3 and the second element 4, tightening them accordingly (see Figures 34 to 37).

[0186] Specifically, in the first twisting step, when the wire 2 is tightened around the first element 3 and, if provided, the second element 4, the opposite branches 2' of the wire 2 are arranged crosswise between the elements to be joined and the joining head 20 (see FIG. 38). These opposite branches 2' that contact the elements to be joined 3, 4 closest to the joining head 20 are incident and form a joining angle β between the two opposite branches 2', the joining angle β being a function of the size of the elements to be joined 3, 4, in particular the size of the curved or straight transverse or longitudinal element placed next to the joining head 20, and at least preferably a function of the distance h between the joining head 20 and the elements (see FIG. 38).

[0187] In practice, this distance h is adjustable through the structure of the molded recesses 35 of the calendar assembly 30, and the distance h determines the support of the device 1 that contacts the elements to be joined. This adjustment can be made, for example, by adjustable stops, by placing appropriate spacers in the molded recesses 35 and / or by replacing the calendar assembly 30.

[0188] The bond angle β is adjusted to be appropriate to achieve the correct tension of the wire 2 during the twisting step about the bond axis A, so that it is not too large, otherwise there is a risk of premature failure due to excessive tensioning of the bond, but also too small, which would result in an excessively long distance h and thus an evenly extending twist 101 that could, for example, protrude from the concrete cover.

[0189] The control unit 9 stops the actuating member 13 when it is detected that it is idling or after a set number of rotations has occurred. Specifically, the twisting step can end when the twisted portion 101 in the form of the wire braid 2 breaks, leaving the remainder 102 ejected into the coupling head 20. Instead, the twisted portion 101 is properly tensioned and suitable to be covered by the concrete cover without protruding from the concrete cover.

[0190] For example, in the case of a double bond 100, for example, seven or eight circles of the bond may be required to stiffen the bond and form a regular and compact twist or braid 101. In either case, the number of turns is a function of the distance between the elements 3, 4 and the bond head 20, as well as the transverse dimensions of the elements 3, 4 when the device 1 is positioned in abutment, and is likewise a function of the transverse dimension or diameter of the wire 2.

[0191] Rotation of the coupling head 20 therefore causes the twist or braid 101 to be attached or detached from the remainder 102 of the wire 2 which remains gripped by the coupling head 20 .

[0192] The simple or double acquired joint 100 is formed in particular by a winding portion 103 and by a twisting portion 101 (see in particular FIG. 37).

[0193] The optimum position of separation of the remainder 102 from the twisted portion corresponds to the optimum height of the twisted portion 101 of the simple or double joint 100. In practice, this optimum height of the twisted portion 101 at the time of separation from the remainder 102 is generally about 20 mm or less, so that it does not protrude from the concrete cover during use. At the same time, the optimum height is matched to the twisted portion 101, for example, to ensure an effective sealing and therefore robustness of the joint.

[0194] Detachment of the remainder 102 can be advantageously obtained according to the method by spontaneous shearing, by twisting continuing the twisting action of the wire 2. In this case, the use of an additional cutting assembly for this purpose is avoided.

[0195] In fact, experimental tests have shown that when the bond angle β is between 70° and 135°, preferably between 90° and 110°, the fracture of the twisted wire 2 occurs spontaneously and statistically at the optimum height of the twisted section 101. To obtain this optimum result, it is possible to work with the distance h (see FIG. 38 ), thus taking into account the empirical angles identified for different transverse dimensions of the elements 3, 4 to be joined, and to appropriately adjust the abutment of the forming recess 35 made in front of the calendar assembly 30 with the nearest or most distal element or elements 3, 4 to be joined. Essentially, spontaneous shearing at the optimum distance h makes it possible to obtain the optimum height of the twisted section, avoiding the need for special cutting assemblies, thus reducing the cost and weight of the device 1.

[0196] At the end of the bonding step, a new realignment cycle is performed operated by the realignment mechanism 18 as described above, allowing the bonding head 20 to return to the open configuration, thereby releasing the remainder 102 of the wire 2 to be discarded.

[0197] The realignment allows the knives 41, 42 to be realigned and ready for a new bonding cycle.

[0198] In particular, in this final step of the cycle, which can be operated by acting on the control element 12, various adjustment actions can be carried out for the subsequent coupling cycle.

[0199] For example, it is possible to command the puller assembly 7 to move, pushing each wire 2 inside each channel 23 so as to push out the remnant 102 and clear the channel 23 of any waste material.

[0200] The same wire 2 can then be retracted, preferably automatically, preferably beyond the terminal end 16a of the conduit 16, and the wire 2 adjusted to "eliminate" any strain restoring forces present in the wire 2 or any strain restoring forces caused by the positioning of the device and / or the connecting means 9 connected to the device during the subsequent feeding stage.

[0201] According to a further embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 41 to 45, it is possible to provide that the cutting assembly 400 is configured to reduce the remnant 102 and facilitate the ejection of the remnant 102 from the coupling head 200. This provision is intended to be combined, if possible, with the technical features of the embodiments described above.

[0202] In this case, the actuation unit 13 can operate both in the rotational movement described above and in the axial movement, in particular in the axial sliding movement, for example the same drive member can generate the rotational and axial movements from the drive member by means of a screw and cam mechanism of known type, which for the sake of simplicity is not shown in the figures.

[0203] In addition to the first and second operating members 240, 250, which from a functional standpoint are substantially similar to those described above, the coupling head 200 also includes a third operating member 260, which functions as a movable knife 442, and which slides axially between the more internal first operating member 240, which functions as a fixed knife, and the more external second operating member 250.

[0204] Thus, compared to the previous embodiment, the cutting is performed by relative sliding between the third motion member 260 and the first motion member 240. Specifically, the third motion member 260 is formed with a slot 442, preferably with a longitudinal extension, which acts as a movable knife 442 to shear the wire 2 exiting the first motion member 240 through the channel 23, as explained above. Thus, as explained above, the cutting is performed on the outer surface, preferably cylindrical, of the first motion member 240, rather than rotationally in a plane transverse to the coupling axis A.

[0205] The third motion member 260 is supported integrally with an axle shaft 261, which is for example coupled to the third motion member 260 (see FIG. 42c).

[0206] The third motion member 260 has a first inactive retracted position and a cutting position (see FIG. 44) in which it advances along an axial cutting direction T toward the first motion member 240 and is further advanced in the same direction. bending 45. In fact, beyond the cutting position, the extension of said stroke causes the sheared end of the wire 2 to come into contact with the holding portion 54 of the second operating member 250. bend occurs (see Figure 45).

[0207] The operation of the device according to this embodiment is generally similar to that described above.

[0208] In particular, when the shaft 261 is in the inactive position, the wires 2 can be fed to the bonding head 200. During this step, each of the wires 2 is wound around at least one of the elements 3, 4 and calendered.

[0209] The actuating member 13 is then actuated, for example by the screw and cam mechanism described above, to produce an actuating stroke of the third actuating member 260 . This stroke can therefore cooperate in the ejection of any remaining portions of the coupling towards the calendering operation space, for example downward as in the case shown, or in the opposite upward direction, for example, when later returning to the inactive position.

[0210] The stroke of the shaft 261 determines the shearing of the wire 2 contacting the first operating member 240 through a cutting position and then a bending position, and the bending of the sheared end, so that the sheared end is engaged and held.

[0211] Preferably, the remainder of the wire 2 is pulled back to free the channel 23 in the coupling head 200 .

[0212] At this point, the drive member 13, as explained above, rotates the coupling head 200, for example by means of the screw and cam mechanism, to continue the desired coupling.

[0213] The additional steps are nearly identical to those previously described, specifically, ejecting the remaining portion 102 of the joint 100.

[0214] According to a further embodiment of the invention, shown in Figures 46, 47, and 48, it is possible to provide that the apparatus 1 comprises a calendar assembly 300 shaped to create a double parallel bond 100'. More precisely, this bond comprises a turn 100a of the wire 2 and a turn 100b of the additional wire 2 wound substantially parallel and separated by an overlapping area of ​​the elements 3, 4 around the first element 3 and the second element 4, further away from the bond head 20, and a single twist 101 made by twisting four opposite branches 2' of the wire 2 and the additional wire 2, respectively, around the same bond axis A, as explained above. Figure 47 specifically represents an intermediate step in creating the bond, with the twist 101 not visible, while Figure 48 shows the final step in which the bond 100' is completed.

[0215] In this case, the calender assembly 300 includes a pair of forks 360 arranged substantially parallel to each other, each forming an input track 320 and a return track 330, and winding the wire 2 and additional wire 2 around the element between the further elements 3 and 4. The forks 360 are connected by a crosspiece 370. The crosspiece 370 and the fork 360 include respective molded recesses 350, 351 for receiving the furthermost element in its overlapping configuration and for abutting the furthermost element in case of an emergency.

[0216] The input track 320 described for the other embodiments is preferably associated with at least one contrast roller 340 .

[0217] Otherwise, this variant is similar in operation to that previously described.

[0218] According to a further embodiment shown in Figures 49 to 71, the device 1' preferably includes a body 10' extending along a joint axis A' and a handle 11' projecting laterally from the body, specifically perpendicular to the joint axis A' (see Figure 49).

[0219] The body 10' may further include a pair of wire guiding shells 160 angularly separated, for example, by about 90° about the coupling axis A'.

[0220] Each of the shells 160 may include a respective conduit 16' therein, which may further include a rigid portion 16a' with a substantially curved extension, such that the wire 2 is correspondingly displaced from the insertion direction into the body 10' substantially parallel to the coupling axis A' in a direction laterally of the same axis, e.g., in a direction close to perpendicular to that axis, preferably perpendicular to the axial component facing the front end of the device 1' (see FIG. 51). This allows the wire 2 to be inserted into each first opening 20a' from the outside toward the inside of the coupling head 20' so as to accommodate the entire size of the winding of the wire 2, instead of exiting from the inside of the coupling head 20'. Specifically, the calendar assembly 30' is preferably mounted at the end of the device where the wire 2 is introduced.

[0221] As in the previously described embodiments, the device 1' further comprises a coupling head 20' preferably inserted coaxially inside the calendar assembly 30'.

[0222] The bonding head 20' cuts the wire 2 about the bonding axis A', tightens, twists and releases the bond 100'' after the bonding is performed.

[0223] The coupling head 20' preferably performs these operations by activating only the motor member 13.

[0224] The motor member 13 in particular operates at its output a mounting member 130' which in turn is integrally mounted with a transmission element 132', for example by means of an intervening connecting component 131'. Preferably, the transmission element 132' consists of a ring equipped with an internal thread 133' intended to be coupled to a respective threaded element for transmitting the motion, as will be explained below. The transmission element 132' is preferably supported by the body 11', by means of a rotation support member 110'.

[0225] The coupling head 20' includes a first motion member 240' and a second motion member 250', with the first motion member 240' being axially inserted inside the second motion member 250'.

[0226] More precisely, the second operating member 250' is for example a tubular body forming at one end a transmission portion 251' and at the opposite end a cutting portion 252'. The transmission portion 251' is coupled to the transmission element 132' and is intended to receive from the transmission element 132' the movement driven by the motor member 13.

[0227] The transmission part 251' is preferably constituted by a thread intended to be rotatably coupled to the transmission element 132', in particular in the internal thread 133' of the transmission element 132', and thus transmits a corresponding rotational movement together with an axial translation component.

[0228] The cutting part 252' specifically has at least a first space 53a' and a second space 53b'. Specifically, the first space 53a' can be constituted by a first slit and the second space 53b' can be constituted by a second slit, which extend in the longitudinal direction and therefore parallel to the coupling axis A' and which interact respectively with a part of the wire 2 intended to be sheared and subsequently clamped, specifically clamped, and with the opposite end of the same wire 2 intended to be clamped, specifically clamped, by the same cutting part 252' (see FIG. 56).

[0229] The first space 53a' and the second space 53b' in relation to this embodiment preferably refer to longitudinal slits serving as open passages for the wire 2 through the cylindrical wall of the cutting portion 252'.

[0230] Preferably, from the inside of the wall, these slits are each connected by a groove, preferably of correspondingly different extensions of the first space 53a' and the second space 53b', so as to preferably terminate at the same vertical height. The groove 256' serves to conveniently accommodate the end of the wire 2, which is clamped between the outer wall of the first operating member 240' and the inner wall of the cutting portion 252' of the second operating member 250'. Bending In essence, these grooves 256' can act as guides for such bending, as will be explained in more detail below.

[0231] In particular, the first space 53a' and the second space 53b' have different longitudinal extensions and interact in different ways with each end or portion of the wire 2. In particular, as will be explained in detail below, the first space 53a' has a larger extension and is preferably at least partially delimited by a cutting edge at the top of the slit and acts as a movable knife for the wire 2, while the second space 53b' has a shorter longitudinal extension in order to interact with one end of the wire 2 and clamp the wire 2 in a step prior to cutting in connection with the cutting movement performed by the second operating member 250', as will be explained below.

[0232] The first space 53a' and the second space 53b' are separated from each other by respective separator elements 52' (see FIG. 56) that form the annular portions of the cut portion 252'.

[0233] The second motion member 250' includes therein a first guide element 254', for example, formed of a lateral pin that guides the movement of the first motion member 240'.

[0234] The second operating member 250' includes externally provided second guide elements 255', e.g., radial pins that can be received in respective longitudinal slits 410' formed in a fixed component of the device 1', e.g., in a fixed knife 41' of the cutting assembly 40', to guide the movement of the second operating member 250'. More precisely, the coupling of the second guide elements 255' inside the slits 410' makes it possible to convert the rotational movement activated by the motor member 13 through the transmission element 132' into a controlled axial movement of the second operating member 250' in order to cut the wire 2 (see Figures 55 and 56). A pair of radial pins is preferably provided, preferably diametrically opposed, on the outer surface of the second operating member 250', each of which engages in a respective longitudinal slit 410' of the fixed knife 41'.

[0235] More precisely, the fixed knife 41' is configured as a sleeve fixed to the body 10' of the device 1' and can be inserted externally into the cutting section 252' of the second operating member 250'. In particular, the fixed knife 41' can include an opening 17' for inserting the wire 2 into the coupling head 20'. Thanks to a guide formed by the slit 410', the second operating member 250' can operate with a translational cutting movement that causes its cutting edge located in the first space 53a' to cut the portion of the wire 2 inserted in 17'. On the other hand, as will be explained below, the edge delimiting the end of the second space 53b' due to the same translational movement can come into contact with the finger 26' of the first operating member 240' to clamp the opposite end of the wire 2, in particular by abutting a part of the finger 26'. In particular, the differential extension allows the edge to clamp the end of the wire 2 before it is sheared by the cutting edge that defines the first space 53a' in the cutting stroke of the translational movement.

[0236] The fixed knife 41' is preferably axially blocked at its lower end, in particular by a lid 111' fixed to the body 10' of the device 1'.

[0237] As in the previous embodiment, the coupling head includes a realignment mechanism 18'. The realignment mechanism 18' preferably includes a lever coupled to the fixed lid 111' and engaging, by means of elastic contrast means, at the periphery of the second operating member 250'. The realignment mechanism 18' specifically enables realignment of the operating member at the end of a coupling cycle. More precisely, the lever of the realignment mechanism 18' allows rotation of the second operating member 250' in one direction and prevents jamming of the second operating member 250' in the opposite direction. The mechanism specifically can be used to return the pin 255' of the cutting portion 252' into the guide slit 410' configured on the lid 111' and the fixed knife 41'.

[0238] The first operating member 240' is inserted coaxially inside the second operating member 250' by means of an intervening third guide element 241', which is preferably made, for example, in the form of a tooth, inserted, for example laterally, preferably radially, inside each seat 244' that is open on the outer surface of the first operating member 240'. The third guide element 241' is inserted into the seat 244' by means of intervening elastic means 55' and abuts against a closure element 245' fixed to the seat 244' (see Figures 55 and 59).

[0239] The first operating member 240' also forms a guide groove 242' capable of receiving a pin 254' attached to the second operating member 250'. The groove 242' specifically extends along a longitudinal direction parallel to the coupling axis A' on the outer surface of the first operating member 240' and communicates with a seat 244'. The groove 242' advantageously forms a widened portion 243' in the circumferential direction, and the third guide element 241', for example formed, projects in the circumferential direction to guide and align the first operating member 240' with the second operating member 250'. More precisely, the vertical portion of the groove 242' allows the second motion member 250' to slide outside the first motion member 240' in a translational cutting motion, specifically downwards, and to rotate together with the first motion member 240' during the coupling step after cutting, while the widened portion 243' of the groove 242' allows for controlled relative rotational motion between the first motion member 240' and the second motion member 250' in a return stroke, for example an upward stroke, to release the finished coupling 100''.

[0240] Similar to the previously described embodiment, the first motion member 240' also defines at least one pair of fingers 26', preferably four fingers 26', angularly distributed about the joint axis A'.

[0241] Thus, passages 28a', 28b' are defined between the fingers 26' intended to accommodate the ends of the wires 2 (see FIG. 58).

[0242] The passages 28a', 28b' and spaces 53a', 53b' variably overlap and define the first opening 20a' and second opening 20b', which change from an open configuration to a retaining configuration to enable the coupling step.

[0243] As described below, the fingers 26' of the first operating member 240', which differs from the embodiment described above, each form a support portion 26a', e.g., a hook-shaped end, which is intended to interact with each edge that respectively bounds the first space 53a' and the second space 53b' of the second operating member 250' to support each end of the wire 2 when the wire 2 is tightened and bent by the second operating member 250'.

[0244] The apparatus 1' also includes a calendar assembly 30' that is substantially similar in function and structure to the same apparatus described in other embodiments. The calendar assembly 30' is also applicable to different types of coupling heads than those described in this patent application.

[0245] It should be noted that the calendar assembly 30' provides a plurality of forming recesses 35', for example four, whose function is to enable uniform support of the device 1' on the first element 3 or the second element 4 located at the intersection, without distinguishing between cases where the support element is located closer to the coupling heads 20, 20' or further away from the coupling heads 20, 20'. For this reason, it is not necessary to place a particular pair of recesses on the nearest or furthest element, thereby allowing flexibility in the orientation of the device 1' (see Figures 60, 61, 62).

[0246] Furthermore, the calendar assembly 30' has a stop 38 molded therein, for example in the form of a protrusion or similar component that can abut against the end of the wire 2, stopping the advancement of the wire 2 through the input track 32 and then through the output track 33 at the end of the winding step. In particular, a stop 38 is suitably positioned at the inlet side of the input track 32 to block the return of the end of the wire 2 already wound around the elements 3, 4. Finally, the calendar assembly 30' preferably includes quick-release type attachment means 15 for releasably connecting it to the body 10, 10' of the device 1, 1'.

[0247] The operation of the device 1' according to this embodiment can be understood from the above description.

[0248] In an initial step, the motor member 13 operates to raise the second operating member 250′ along the coupling axis A′. Essentially, during this step, the second operating member 250′ slides axially outside the first operating member 240′ due to the guidance provided by the first guide member 254′ inside the groove 242′, which results in blocking relative rotation between the two operating members 240′, 250′; instead, the first operating member 240′ remains fixed at the same height relative to the coupling axis A′ (see FIGS. 63a, 63b, 63).

[0249] During the second feeding step, the pull-out elements 7 feeding each of the wires 2 are activated, forcing the wires 2 through the calender rollers 34 and through the input and output tracks 32 and 33 of the calender assembly. In this way, the wires are calendered, crossing each other and winding the elements to form a combined mass. At the same time, the four ends of the wires 2 pass through the appropriate passages 28a', 28b' of the first operating element 240 (see Figures 64a, 64b, 64).

[0250] Subsequently, the second operating member 250′ begins a relative translation stroke with respect to the first operating member 240′. Specifically, the motor member 13 is actuated to couple the transmission element 132′ with the transmission part 251′ of the second operating element 250′, so that the second operating element 250′ operates in a relative translation motion, specifically, downward with respect to the first operating member 240′ disposed inside the second operating element 250′ (see FIGS. 65a, 65b, and 65).

[0251] During translation of the cutting portion 252' of the second operating member 250', in particular during downward translation, the edge delimiting the second space 53b' blocks its translation and slightly engages the free end of the wire 2. Activating the pull-out element 7 backwards pulls back the wire 2, causing it to adhere around the elements 3, 4 to be joined (see Figures 66a, 66b, 66).

[0252] As the cutting portion 252' continues to descend, the wire 2 is cut, in which case, specifically but not exclusively, two wires are wrapped around and crossed (see Figures 67a, 67b, 67).

[0253] By completing the translation stroke of the cutting part 252', the end of the wire 2 is sufficiently clamped between the edge of the second space 53b' and the support part 26a' of the finger 26. More precisely, the clamping is performed by lowering the cutting part 252' and engaging the respective ends that delimit the spaces 53a', 53b', thereby clamping the four free ends around the hooks present in the first operating member 240'. bend This is achieved by (see Figures 68a, 68b, and 68).

[0254] The motor member 13 then activates the unitary rotation of the first operating member 240' and the second operating member 250' around the joint axis A', resulting in the twisting of the wire 2, thereby tightening and winding the first element 3 and the second element 4 (see Figures 69a, 69b, 69). More precisely, during this step, this is made possible by the fact that the unitary rotation of the two operating members causes the second guide element 255' to exit the slit 410' of the fixed knife 41'.

[0255] At this point, the return stroke of the cutting part 252' is activated by the movement of the motor member 13 in the opposite direction, specifically the upstroke to the intermediate level. The cam mechanism including the teeth 241' causes the first operating member 240' to move the cutting part 252' back to the intermediate level. song The end can be rotated relative to the second motion member 250' to release it from the support 26a' (see Figures 70a, 70b, 70).

[0256] The resulting joint 100'' (see FIG. 71) therefore has a winding 103', a twisted portion 101', and a bent end 104' protruding from the twisted portion 101'. The simple bending of the end of the wire 2 minimizes wastage of the wire 2 and advantageously limits the height of the joint.

[0257] The device according to the invention allows for an effective and reliable coupling.

[0258] In practical embodiments of the invention, the materials used, as well as the shapes and dimensions, may be varied as required.

[0259] Where there are signs following technical features referred to in any claim, such signs are included solely for the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the claim, and thus the signs should not be considered in any way to limit anything in the scope of each element identified by such signs for illustrative purposes.

Claims

1. A method for joining a metal wire to a first element (3) and a second element (4) having an elongated shape, comprising: a) arranging the first and second elements (3) and (4) in an overlapping and intersecting configuration on a plane containing one longitudinal axis (Y) of the first and second elements (3) and a projection line (P) of the other longitudinal axis of the first and second elements (3) and (4) so ​​as to define four quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) of each in an intersecting zone; b) inserting an assembly (30, 300, 30') having a curved portion for guiding the wires mounted around the coupling axis (A, A') in front of the coupling device (1, 1') and abutting it in contact with at least one of the first element (3) and the second element (4) in the crossing zone, and engaging the winding prongs of each of the assembly (30, 30', 300) in the four quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4); c) feeding the wire (2) and the additional wire (2) through the assembly (30, 30', 300) arranged in the intersection zone and guiding and winding the wire along a winding path around the first element (3) and / or the second element (4) for a first winding (103, 100a) wound between two of the four quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) and having a first pair of opposite branches (2') of the wire (2) and a second winding (103, 100b) wound between the remaining two of the four quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) and having a second pair of opposite branches (2') of the additional wire (2); d. obtaining a pair of ends for each of the windings (100a, 100b, 103) by cutting the wire (2) and the additional wire (2) by means of the cutting assemblies (40, 400, 41') of the coupling device (1, 1') in the appropriate phase relationship; e) holding the ends of the first and second pairs of opposing branches (2') by coupling heads (20, 200, 20') of the coupling devices (1, 1') mounted inside the assembly (30, 30', 300) and rotatable about the coupling axes (A, A'); f) rotating the coupling heads (20, 20') around the bond axis (A, A') and twisting together the first pair and the second pair of opposite branches (2') held by the ends by the coupling heads (20, 20') around the bond axis (A, A') to obtain at least double bonds (100, 100', 100'') around the first element (3) and the second element (4), wherein the opposite branches (2') converge at the bond axis (A, A') from each of the quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4); A method comprising:

2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein step c. of feeding the wire (2) and the additional wire (2) through the assembly (30, 30', 300) provides for performing a crossed double bond (100, 100'') around the first element (3) and the second element (4) following a step of operating the bond head (20, 20') by winding the wire (2) and the additional wire (2) along respective winding paths that are crossed around each other around the first element (3) and the second element (4).

3. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein step c. of supplying the wire (2) and the additional wire (2) guides the wire (2) and the additional wire (2) along respective substantially parallel winding paths separated by the intersection zones around the first element (3) and the second element (4) that are further away from the bonding head (20, 20') when the assembly (300) is placed in abutment, and step f. of operating the bonding head (20, 20') provides for performing a double parallel bond (100') around the first element (3) and / or the second element (4).

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein step b. of inserting the assembly (30, 30', 300) provides for placing a respective molded recess (35) made in front of the assembly (30) in contact and abutting against the first element (3) or the second element (4).

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein holding the ends of the first and second pairs of opposite branches (2') by a coupling head (20') of the coupling device (1') provides bending the ends of the first and second pairs of opposite branches (2').

6. 1. A device for bonding metal wires and similar products around a first element (3) and a second element (4) that overlap and intersect in an intersection zone to define four quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) on a plane containing one longitudinal axis (Y) of the first element (3) and a projection line (P) of the other longitudinal axis of the first element (3) and the second element (4), a body (10, 10') for receiving at least one wire (2) and an additional wire (2) to be unwound; a first winding (100a, 103) wound around the first element (3) and / or the second element (4) between two of the four quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) in a space for guiding and winding the wire along each winding path defined inside an assembly (30, 30', 300) having a curved portion for guiding the wire, the first winding (100a, 103) having a first pair of opposite branches (2') of the wire (2); and a second winding (100b, 103) wound between the remaining two of the four quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) and having a second pair of opposite branches (2') of the additional wire (2), the assembly (30, 30', 300) being supported forward by the body (10, 10') and arranged around a longitudinal coupling axis (A, A') for guiding the wire (2) and the additional wire (2), respectively; a coupling head (20, 20', 200) supported by the body (10, 10') along the coupling axis (A, A') and enclosed inside the assembly (30, 30', 300) for twisting the wire (2) wound around the coupling axis (A, A') and the opposite branch (2') of the additional wire (2) with respect to each other, the assembly (30, 30', 300) comprises a respective fork for each winding, the fork comprising a first prong having an input track (32, 320) therein and a second prong having a return track (33, 330) therein opposite the input track (32, 320) with respect to the connecting axis (A, A'); a device for forming a complete winding path for the wire (2) and the additional wire (2), with a free area interposed between the first prong and the second prong of each fork, and feeding the wire (2) and the additional wire (2), respectively, from the feeding track (32, 320) to the return track (33, 330) to be wound around the first element (3) and / or the second element (4).

7. 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein said assembly (30, 300, 30') forms pairs of said forks each including an equal number of crossing or parallel winding paths for each of said wires (2).

8. 8. The device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the prongs of the fork have a substantially axial development that allows the assembly (30) to be inserted into contact and abutting against the first element (3) and / or the second element (4) with a substantially axial movement.

9. 9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the input track (32, 320) and the return track (33, 330) are constituted by inserts attached to the assembly (30, 30', 300).

10. The device according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the return track (33, 330) forms at least an initial part in the form of a guide for guiding the insertion of the wire (2) fed from the feed track (32, 320).

11. 11. The device according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the input track (32, 320) and / or the return track (33, 330) at least partially form a groove for guiding the wire (2) during winding around at least one of the first elements (3) and / or during progressive tightening around the first element (3).

12. a coupling (100, 100', 100'') is formed around the first element (3) and the second element (4), the coupling comprising a winding (103') of the wire (2) and a winding (103') of the additional wire (2) and a single twist (101') made by twisting the four opposite branches (2') proceeding from the windings of the wire (2) and the additional wire (2) respectively around the coupling axis (A, A'); 12. The device according to claim 6, wherein the windings (103, 103', 100a, 100b) converging towards the twisted portion (101, 101') from each of four quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) of a plane perpendicular to the coupling axis (A) are delimited by the intersection of the axes (Y) of one of the first and second elements (3) and from the projection line (P) of the axis of the other element, causing the coupling portion (100'') to produce a curved end (104') projecting from the twisted portion (101'), thereby limiting the height of the coupling portion.

13. 13. The device according to claim 12, wherein the wire (2) and the windings (103') of the additional wire (2) are deployed between pairs of the quadrants (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) that are opposite to the bond axis (A, A') so as to form corresponding intersections around the first element (3) and the second element (4).

14. 13. The device according to claim 12, wherein the turns (100a) of the wire (2) and the turns (100b) of the additional wire (2) are arranged to be substantially parallel and separated from the intersection zone and are tightened around the first element (3) and the second element (4).

15. 14. The device according to claim 12 or 13, wherein at least one of the wire (2) and the additional wire (2) has a transverse dimension of 1 to 3 mm.

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