Method and apparatus for artificial intelligence monitoring and protection of battery performance

Abstract

To provide a method and an apparatus for artificial intelligence to monitor and protect the performance of a battery.SOLUTION: A method for artificial intelligence to monitor and protect the performance of a battery is provided. The method includes a step of determining whether the temperature and current of a battery cell of a battery pack are within limit specifications. The method includes a step of obtaining the maximum current power when the temperature and current of the battery pack are within the limit specifications. The method includes a step of executing an operation on the basis of the maximum current power.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to battery technology, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for artificial intelligence monitoring and protection of battery performance. [Background technology]

[0002] Today's society is facing increasingly higher demands for energy conservation and environmental protection, and optimizing the energy efficiency of batteries is one of the keys to achieving these goals.With the continuous advancement of battery-related technologies, the application of battery management systems (BMS) is becoming increasingly widespread.

[0003] A battery management system typically has a function for measuring battery voltage and prevents abnormal situations, such as over-discharge, over-charge, and overheating of the battery. A typical battery management system typically manages the battery using protection mechanisms, such as over-current protection (OCP) and over-temperature protection (OTP). However, all of these protection mechanisms protect the battery from overcurrent and over-temperature using fixed thresholds, and are unable to optimize the energy efficiency of the battery.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for an artificial intelligence method and apparatus for monitoring and protecting battery performance that can optimize battery energy efficiency, ensure normal battery operation, and extend battery life. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a method and apparatus for artificial intelligence monitoring and protection of battery performance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The following summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. That is, the following summary is provided to introduce concepts, highlights, benefits, and advantages of the novel and unobvious technology described herein. Selected embodiments, but not all, are further described below in the Detailed Description. Accordingly, the following summary is not intended to identify essential features of the claimed invention, nor is it intended for use in determining the scope of the claimed invention.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, a method for artificial intelligence-based battery performance monitoring and protection is provided. The method includes determining whether a temperature and current of a battery cell of a battery pack are within limit specifications. If the temperature and current of the battery pack are within limit specifications, the method includes obtaining a maximum current power. The method includes performing an action based on the maximum current power.

[0008] In some embodiments, the maximum current power is obtained based on the relative remaining capacity (RSOC) of the battery pack, the voltage, the system impedance value, the optimization parameters, and the battery impedance value.

[0009] In some embodiments, the maximum current power (MCP) is expressed as: MCP=D / ((E+F+G))×B In the formula, B is RSOC, D is voltage, E is system impedance value, F is optimization parameter, and G is battery impedance value.

[0010] In some embodiments, the optimization parameters are generated by a large-scale language model (LLM) or a large-scale data model.

[0011] In some embodiments, determining whether the temperature and current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within limit specifications further includes determining whether the temperature of the battery cells is within an operating temperature range, whether the current is within an over-current protection (OCP) operating limit, and whether it is within a short-circuit protection operating limit.

[0012] In some embodiments, performing an operation based on the maximum current power further includes sending a notification message to the processor when the indicator corresponding to the maximum current power is lower than a threshold value to notify the processor of the power state currently supported by the battery cell.

[0013] In some embodiments, performing an operation based on the maximum current power further includes sending a notification message to the processor when the indicator corresponding to the maximum current power is lower than a threshold value to notify the processor of the power state currently supported by the battery cell.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, an apparatus for artificial intelligence monitoring and protection of battery performance is provided. The apparatus includes a battery pack having battery cells and a controller. The controller is operative to determine whether the temperature and current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within limit specifications, obtain a maximum current power if the temperature and current of the battery pack are within limit specifications, and perform an operation based on the maximum current power. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] The method and apparatus for AI-based battery performance monitoring and protection of the present invention can optimize battery energy efficiency using maximum current power, ensure normal battery operation, and extend the life of the battery pack.

[0016] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale, as some components may be shown out of proportion to the size in actual implementation, in order to clearly illustrate the concepts of the present disclosure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for artificial intelligence monitoring and protection of battery performance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating the internal structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] 1 is a flowchart of a method for artificial intelligence monitoring and protection of battery performance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 10 is an experimental data table for obtaining maximum current power and status indicators according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 illustrates discharging the battery pack with reference to FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 illustrates the relationship between an MCP and an RSOC, according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 illustrates the relationship between MCP and time according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings herein, those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently or in combination with other aspects of the present disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using several aspects described herein. Furthermore, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method that is implemented using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the present disclosure defined herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

[0019] The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Further, like numerals refer to like elements throughout the several views, and the articles "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless otherwise specified herein.

[0020] When an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it should be understood that the element may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or that intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, there are no intervening elements present. Other terms used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted similarly (e.g., "directly between them" versus "between them," "directly adjacent" versus "adjacent," etc.).

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for artificial intelligence monitoring and protection of battery performance, optimizing battery energy efficiency using maximum current power, ensuring normal battery operation, and extending the life of the battery pack.

[0022] 1 is a schematic diagram of an artificial intelligence based battery performance monitoring and protection system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. System 100 includes a power supply 110, a power selector 120, a mains power supply 130, a battery charger 140, a battery pack 150, a processor 160, a power management unit 170, and an alarm device 180.

[0023] The power source 110 is an adapter or a universal serial bus (USB). The power selector 120 is coupled to the power source 110, the main power supply 130, and the battery charger 140. When DC / AC is available, the power selector 120 selects DC / AC as the main power source. Alternatively, the power selector 120 selects the battery as the power source.

[0024] The main power supply 130 is a system terminal, such as any type of device, for example, a 3C product, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a robot, an in-vehicle battery, etc. The battery charger 140 is coupled to the power selector 120 and the battery pack 150, and has a charge / discharge circuit. The battery pack 150 can be configured with various combinations of battery packs, such as a single series connection, multiple series connections, a single parallel connection, or multiple parallel connections.

[0025] Processor 160 is coupled to battery pack 150, power management unit 170, and warning device 180. Processor 160 may be, for example, any processor suitable for executing instructions from a memory (not shown). Thus, processor 160 may be, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, or other similar processor.

[0026] Power management unit 170 is coupled to main power supply 130 and processor 160 and provides basic power protection for system 100 .

[0027] The warning device 180 is a display, LED, or other output component with warning functionality.

[0028] 2 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a battery pack 150 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The battery pack 150 includes, but is not limited to, a battery cell 210, a controller 220, a secondary protection IC 230, a thermal resistor 240, a detection resistor 250, a self-cutting protector 260, a thermal fuse 272, a discharge field-effect transistor (FET) 274, and a charge field-effect transistor 276.

[0029] The controller 220 may be a general-purpose processor, a microprocessor control unit (MCU), an application processor, or the like, and may have various circuits that provide data processing and computing functions, and control the battery cells 210 to communicate with the microprocessor 160 and the battery charger 140 of FIG. 1.

[0030] The controller 220 is coupled to the battery cells 210, the secondary protection IC 230, the thermal resistor 240, and the sense resistor 250. The controller 220 can support a wide range of first-level and second-level battery safety functions. The first-level safety functions include cell-level overvoltage / undervoltage protection, charge / discharge overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, and overtemperature protection. The second-level safety functions are used to indicate more serious faults and can permanently disable the battery cells 210 by blowing an in-line fuse (e.g., thermal fuse 272). The second-level safety functions include safe overvoltage, battery cell imbalance, safe overcurrent, safe overtemperature, open thermistor 240, fault in the charge / discharge FET 276, blown fuse fault detection, etc.

[0031] In addition, the controller 220 and the secondary protection IC 230 further trigger a self-cut protector 260 coupled to the battery cell 210 to activate the protection mechanism of the battery cell 210. The controller 220 obtains the temperature 242 of the battery cell 210 through a thermal resistor 240 and the current of the battery cell 210 through a sensing resistor 250. The controller 220 instantly tracks the capacity change, battery impedance, voltage, current, temperature, and other key operating parameters of the battery cell 210, and obtains the maximum current power. In one embodiment, the controller 220 generates a control signal based on the maximum current power to initiate appropriate safety measures for the battery cell 210.

[0032] In Figure 2, battery pack 150 has a positive terminal 280 and a negative terminal 282 and is connected to battery charger 140 for charging. Controller 220 communicates with processor 160 of Figure 1 using the Smart Battery Bus (SMBus) protocol. The SMBus consists of data line SMD 284 and clock line SMC 286, through which controller 220 and processor 160 communicate with each other.

[0033] In another embodiment, the battery pack 150 includes a memory (not shown) that stores instructions related to the operation of the battery pack 150, and the instructions are executed by the controller 220. The controller 220 then executes the programs and instructions in the memory to perform the operations and steps described in the embodiments of the present invention or elsewhere in this specification.

[0034] In another embodiment, the controller 220 implements a large-scale language model (LLM) or a large-scale data model based on a neural network, and uses the large-scale language model or the large-scale data model to generate related parameters of the battery pack.

[0035] It should be noted that the number of battery cells 21 in FIG. 2 is exemplified as one battery, but the battery cells can be extended to other combinations (e.g., two in series, two in series and one in parallel, etc.), and the present invention should not be limited to what is shown in FIG. 2.

[0036] 3 is a flowchart of a method 300 for artificial intelligence-based battery performance monitoring and protection, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Method 300 is performed by controller 220 of battery pack 150 shown in FIG.

[0037] In step S305, the controller determines whether the temperature and current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within limit specifications. In particular, the controller determines whether the temperature of the battery cells is within the operating temperature range, whether the current is within the overcurrent protection (OCP) operating limits, and whether it is within the short circuit protection operating limits.

[0038] If the temperature and current of the battery cell are within the limit specifications (step S305, "YES"), in step S310, the controller obtains a maximum current power (MCP). The maximum current power is obtained based on the relative remaining capacity (RSOC) of the battery cell, the voltage, the system impedance value, the optimization parameters, and the battery impedance value. In particular, the system impedance value is the impedance value of the system 100, and the battery impedance value is the impedance value of the battery cell 210. The optimization parameters are values ​​generated by the controller using a large-scale language model or a large-scale data model, and these values ​​are mainly used to make the relationship between the maximum current power and RSOC approximate a preset curve. For example, the optimization parameters make the relationship between the maximum current power and RSOC approximate a 45-degree curve as shown in FIG. 6. The maximum current power is expressed by the following equation: MCP=D / ((E+F+G))×B In the formula, B is RSOC, D is voltage, E is system impedance value, F is optimization parameter, and G is battery impedance value.

[0039] In step S315, the controller performs operations according to the maximum current power. In one embodiment, the value of the maximum current power indicates the current power consumption state of the battery pack through a status indicator. The status indicator is displayed as a number from 0-5, 1-10, or other number. The higher the value, the better the power state the battery cells can support. The lower the value, the worse the power state the battery cells can support. For example, the status indicator may be displayed as a number from 1-10. A status indicator of 0 means that the battery cells can support a very low power state, and a status indicator of 9 or 10 means that the battery cells can support a very good power state and can operate under high loads.

[0040] When the status indicator is lower than the threshold, the controller sends a notification message to the processor or a user to inform the processor of the power status currently supported by the battery cells. As another example, when the status indicator is lower than the threshold (here, 3), the controller can send a notification message to the processor or a user to inform the processor that the power status currently supported by the battery cells is not good. After receiving the notification message, the processor can adjust the load on the battery cells to extend the life of the battery cells and improve the energy efficiency of the system.

[0041] Returning to step S305, if the temperature and current of the battery cell are not within the limit specifications (step S305, "NO"), the controller performs a protection operation on the battery cell in step S320. For example, if the controller determines that the temperature of the battery cell is not within the operating temperature range or the current has reached either the overcurrent protection operation limit or the short circuit protection operation limit, the controller stops using the battery cell.

[0042] 4 is an experimental data table 400 for obtaining maximum current power and status indicators according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the battery pack is a two-series and one-parallel combination, and the normal current is 3.5 amps. The status indicator is divided into values ​​from 0 to 5 based on the maximum current power.

[0043] As shown in table 400, the battery impedance value is related to the operation cycles. The more operation cycles, the higher the battery impedance value. The maximum current power (MCP) is related to the RSOC, the battery pack voltage, the system impedance value, the optimization parameters, and the battery impedance value. In other words, the maximum current power is a non-fixed estimate of how much electrical energy the battery cell can currently provide, and the maximum current power varies depending on the number of uses, aging state, capacity, etc. of the battery pack.

[0044] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating discharging the battery pack with reference to FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The battery pack is operated with a combination of 7 amps discharge current for 10 seconds and 14 amps discharge current for 10 milliseconds. As shown in Figure 5, the operating current does not exceed the overcurrent protection (OCP) operating limit (using 8.75 amps and continuing to discharge for 5-8 seconds) or the short circuit protection operating limit (using 17.5 amps and continuing to discharge for more than 3 milliseconds). Figure 6 shows the relationship between MCP and RSOC when the battery pack is discharged with this current combination, and Figure 7 shows the relationship between MCP and time. Note that in Figures 6 and 7, MCP is plotted as a negative value (-) indicating discharge.

[0046] As shown in Figure 6, during the discharge process, the MCP's behavior trend conforms to a 45-degree curve, with no unexpected peaks and eventually returning to zero. In Figure 7, the MCP curve during the battery pack's discharge process is peakless and returns to zero after about 300 minutes.

[0047] As described above, the method and apparatus for AI-based battery performance monitoring and protection can use the maximum current power to determine the current power state of the battery, optimize the interaction between the battery and the load, ensure the stability and efficiency of the battery power supply, and improve the energy efficiency of the battery.

[0048] The data structures and code described herein are generally stored on a computer-readable medium, which is any device or medium capable of storing code and / or data for use in a computer system. Computer-readable media include, but are not limited to, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, disk drives, magnetic tape, magnetic and optical storage devices such as CDs (compact discs), DVDs (digital versatile discs or digital video discs), or other media now known or later developed that can store code and / or data.

[0049] The methods and processes described in the detailed description section may be embodied as code and / or data, which may be stored on a computer-readable medium as described above. When a computer system reads and executes the code and / or data stored on the computer-readable medium, the computer system executes the methods and processes embodied as data structures and code and stored in the computer-readable medium.

[0050] Additionally, the methods and processes described herein may be included in hardware modules or devices, including, but not limited to, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chips, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), dedicated or shared processors that execute particular software modules or pieces of code at particular times, and / or other programmable logic devices now known or later developed, which, when activated, perform the methods and processes contained therein.

[0051] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes disclosed is an example of a sample approach. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes may be rearranged while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure. The claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0052] The use of ordinal terms such as "first," "second," "third," etc. in the claims to modify claim elements does not, per se, imply any priority, precedence, or order of one claim element relative to other claim elements, or the chronological order in which method actions are performed, but is merely used as a label to distinguish one claim element having a certain name from other claim elements having the same name (but using ordinal terms).

[0053] While the present disclosure has been described by way of example and in terms of preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, the present disclosure is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as would be apparent to those skilled in the art). The scope of the appended claims, therefore, should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements. [Explanation of symbols]

[0054] 100...System 110…Power supply 120...Power selector 130…Main power supply unit 140...Battery charger 150...battery pack 160...processor 170...Power management unit 180...Warning device 210...battery cell 220...Controller 230…Secondary protection IC 240…thermal resistor 250...Detection resistor 260...Self-cut protector 272...Thermal fuse 274...Discharge field effect transistor (FET) 276...Charging field effect transistor 280...Positive terminal 282...Negative terminal 284...Data line 286...clock line 300…method S305, S310, S315, S320...Process

Claims

1. 1. A method for monitoring and protecting the performance of a battery, comprising: determining whether the temperature and current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within limit specifications; obtaining a maximum current power when the temperature and the current of the battery cell are within the limit specifications; sending a notification message to a processor when the indicator corresponding to the maximum current power is lower than a threshold value to notify the processor of the power state currently supported by the battery cells; A method comprising:

2. The maximum current power is obtained based on a relative remaining capacity (RSOC), a voltage, a system impedance value, an optimization parameter, and a battery impedance value of the battery cell; 2. The method for monitoring and protecting the performance of a battery according to claim 1, wherein the system impedance value is an impedance value of a system including at least the processor and the battery pack.

3. The maximum current power is expressed by the following formula: MCP=D / ((E+F+G))×B 3. The method for monitoring and protecting battery performance as recited in claim 2, wherein B is the RSOC, D is the voltage, E is the system impedance value, F is the optimization parameter, and G is the battery impedance value.

4. The method for monitoring and protecting battery performance as claimed in claim 2, wherein the optimization parameters are generated by a large-scale language model (LLM) or a large-scale data model.

5. Determining whether the temperature and the current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within the limit specifications includes:

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining whether the temperature of the battery cell is within an operating temperature range, whether the current is within an over-current protection (OCP) operating limit, and whether the current is within a short-circuit protection operating limit.

6. 2. The method of monitoring and protecting the performance of a battery as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of performing a protective operation on the battery cell if the temperature and current of the battery cell are not within limit specifications.

7. 1. A device for monitoring and protecting the performance of a battery, comprising: Equipped with a battery pack, The battery pack A battery cell; a controller; The controller determining whether the temperature and current of the battery cells of the battery pack are within limit specifications; obtaining a maximum current power when the temperature and the current of the battery cell are within the limit specifications; If the indicator corresponding to the maximum current power is lower than a threshold, sending a notification message to a processor to notify the processor of a power state currently supported by the battery cell; An apparatus characterized in that it operates to perform the following.

8. The maximum current power is obtained based on a relative remaining capacity (RSOC), a voltage, a system impedance value, an optimization parameter, and a battery impedance value of the battery cell; 8. The device for monitoring and protecting the performance of a battery according to claim 7, wherein the system impedance value is an impedance value of a system including at least the processor and the battery pack.

9. The maximum current power is expressed by the following formula: MCP=D / ((E+F+G))×B 9. The battery performance monitoring and protection device of claim 8, wherein B is the RSOC, D is the voltage, E is the system impedance value, F is the optimization parameter, and G is the battery impedance value.

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