Systems, methods, and computer program products for placement of vascular access devices

Abstract

A method for placement of a vascular access device is provided. The method may include receiving clinician data associated with at least one clinician, including a first clinician. Patient data associated with at least one patient, including a first patient, may be received. At least a first probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by the first clinician may be generated based on the patient data associated with the first patient and the clinician data associated with the first clinician. An instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device may be communicated to a user device based on the at least one first probability. Systems and computer program products are also disclosed.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The disclosed subject matter relates generally to systems, methods, and products for the placement of vascular access devices, and in some particular embodiments or aspects, to systems, methods, and computer program products for the placement of vascular access devices (e.g., catheters and / or the like) based on clinician and patient data. (CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS)

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 085,294, entitled "System, Method, and Computer Program Product for Vascular Access Device Placement," filed September 30, 2020, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated by reference. [Background technology]

[0003] (Technical consideration) Certain patients require placement of a vascular access device (e.g., an intravenous (IV) line, catheter, needle, cannula, etc.). Depending on the patient's characteristics, the type and size of the vascular access device used, and the access point (e.g., target vein) at which the vascular access device is placed, certain placements of vascular access devices may be more difficult than others. Furthermore, certain clinicians may be more likely to be successful at placing vascular access devices (e.g., more difficult placements) than other clinicians, based, for example, on experience level, training, etc.

[0004] Enabling clinicians with less experience and / or training the opportunity to attempt vascular access device placement is important for the continued growth of such clinicians (e.g., increasing their level of experience and / or training). However, failed attempts to place a vascular access device can result in patient pain, patient dissatisfaction, patient fear of the vascular access device, wasted resources (e.g., the need to dispose of the vascular access device, antiseptic products, bandages, and / or the like), and wasted time. To improve the chances of successful placement of a vascular access device, a different clinician (e.g., one with more experience and / or training) may be assigned to attempt placement of such a vascular access device, or other interventions, such as a guidance system, may be used by the clinician to guide the placement of the vascular access device. However, assigning a different physician or using a different intervention, such as a guidance system, may result in an inefficient use of resources (e.g., in a given environment, if only a limited number of clinicians and / or guidance systems are available, the additional clinicians or guidance systems may not be available to help other patients) and increased costs (e.g., hiring additional clinicians or purchasing additional guidance systems may increase the cost per patient). Furthermore, assigning a different physician may deprive the originally assigned clinician of the opportunity to learn from attempting to place a vascular access device (e.g., increasing the initial clinician's experience and / or training).

[0005] Furthermore, when multiple access points are available for placement of vascular access devices and / or when multiple types of vascular access devices are available, a clinician may not know which of the multiple access points and / or which of the multiple types of vascular access devices to use for a particular patient at that particular time. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the presently disclosed subject matter to provide systems, methods, and articles of manufacture for the placement of vascular access devices. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] According to non-limiting embodiments or aspects, a method for placement of a vascular access device is provided. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the method for placement of a vascular access device may include receiving clinician data associated with at least one clinician, where the at least one clinician may include a first clinician. Patient data associated with at least one patient may be received, where the at least one patient may include the first patient. At least a first probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device by the first clinician at the at least one access point of the first patient may be generated based on the patient data associated with the first patient and the clinician data associated with the first clinician. An instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device may be communicated to a user device based on the at least one first probability.

[0008] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the clinician data may include at least one of years of experience, handedness, level of training, years of degree, whether the clinician is a member of an intravenous (IV) team, salary, number of vascular access device placement attempts, number of successful vascular access device placements, number of attempts per successful placement of each vascular access device, number of vascular access device placement attempts per patient, success rate of vascular access device placement, access points for each vascular access device placement attempt, number of successful vascular access device placements per selectable sub-period over a selectable period of time, whether at least one guidance system was used for each vascular access device placement attempt, whether at least one guidance system was used for each successful placement of a defective access device, and any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0009] In certain non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the patient data may include height, weight, body mass index (BMI), sex, handedness, handedness side, current diagnosis code, one or more comorbidity diagnosis codes, history of intravenous (IV) treatment, skin pallor, skin shading, whether the patient has tremors or other involuntary movement disorders, whether the patient has a condition requiring restraints or sedation, classification as difficult intravenous access (DIVA) or adult difficult intravenous access (A-DIVA), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification, whether the patient is a candidate for unplanned surgery, whether the patient fasted preoperatively, palpability of the target vein at at least one access point, visibility of the target vein at at least one access point, known history of difficult peripheral venous cannulation, dilated vein diameter less than a selectable threshold, vascular access data. The information may include at least one of the following: size of the device, at least one available access point on at least one limb of the patient, whether the patient has at least one vascular disease, whether the patient has preoperative hypovolemia, whether the patient has renal failure, the patient's level of fear of needles, a measure of the difficulty of maintaining peripheral IV access after each vascular access device is placed, the number of vascular access device placement attempts for the patient, the number of successful vascular access device placements for the patient, the number of attempts per successful placement of each vascular access device for the patient, the success rate of vascular access device placement for the patient, the access point for each vascular access device placement attempt for the patient, or any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0010] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, generating the at least one first probability may include generating the at least one first probability using a neural network model. Additionally or alternatively, the neural network model may include at least one neural network trained based on clinician history data associated with a plurality of clinicians and patient history data associated with a plurality of patients. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, prior to generating the at least one first probability, the at least one neural network of the neural network model may be trained based on the clinician history data and the patient history data.

[0011] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, first patient access point data associated with at least one access point for the first patient may be received (e.g., as part of the patient data, separately from the patient data, and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, generating the at least one first probability may include generating the at least one first probability based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, and the first patient access point data.

[0012] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the at least one clinician may include multiple clinicians (including the first clinician). Additionally or alternatively, the at least one patient may include multiple patients (including the first patient). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, first clinician identification data associated with a first clinician of the multiple clinicians may be received. Additionally or alternatively, first patient identification data associated with a first patient of the multiple patients may be received.

[0013] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, guideline data associated with at least one recommended access point for each of the at least one vascular access procedure may be received. Additionally or alternatively, vascular access device data associated with the at least one vascular access device and / or cost data associated with consumables required for attempting placement of the at least one vascular access device may be received. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, an instruction message indicating an instruction to place a first vascular access device of the at least one vascular access device at a first access point of the at least one access point may be generated based on at least one of the first probability, the guideline data, the vascular access device data, and the cost data.

[0014] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, prior to communicating the instruction message, it may be determined whether the at least one first probability satisfies a threshold. Additionally or alternatively, the instruction message indicating instructions for the first clinician to place the at least one vascular access device at a first one of the at least one access points may be generated based on the at least one first probability satisfying a threshold.

[0015] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, prior to communicating the instruction message, it may be determined that the first probability does not satisfy a threshold. Additionally or alternatively, an instruction message indicating an instruction for at least one intervention for placement of the at least one vascular access device may be generated based on the at least one first probability not satisfying a threshold. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the at least one intervention may be at least one of a second clinician for placement of the vascular access device, at least one guidance system for placement of the vascular access device, any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0016] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, before generating the command message, at least one of: at least one second probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, and guidance data associated with the at least one guidance system; at least one third probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by the second clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient and clinician data associated with the second clinician; or at least one fourth probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by the second clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the second clinician, and guidance data associated with the at least one guidance system may be generated.

[0017] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, at least one first predicted patient satisfaction rating for an attempt by a first clinician to place at least one vascular access device at at least one access point for a first patient may be generated based on patient data associated with the first patient and clinician data associated with the first clinician. Additionally or alternatively, an instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device may be generated based on at least one first probability and the at least one first predicted patient satisfaction rating. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, communicating the instruction message may include communicating an instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device to a user device based on the at least one first probability and the at least one first predicted patient satisfaction rating.

[0018] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the input data may be received based on a placement attempt of at least one vascular access device at at least one access point of a first patient by a first clinician. Additionally or alternatively, the input data may include updates to patient data associated with the first patient, updates to clinician data associated with the first clinician, a side of the patient on which the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device was performed, a first access point of the at least one access point on which the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device was performed, visibility of the target vein at the at least one access point, an expanded venous diameter of the target vein at the at least one access point, palpability of the target vein at the at least one access point, a size of the at least one vascular access device, a type of the at least one vascular access device, a number of placement attempts of the at least one vascular access device, a vein diameter of the target vein at the at least one access point, a vein size of the at least one vascular access device, a type of the at least one vascular access device, a vein diameter of the target vein at the at least one access point, a vein size ... The indicator may be at least one of: an indication of whether the vascular access device placement attempt was successful; the time from when placement of the at least one vascular access device was indicated to the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; an indication of whether at least one intervention for placement of the at least one vascular access device was used; the patient's level of fear regarding the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; the patient's first pain score during the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; the patient's second pain score after the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; a patient satisfaction score regarding the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; any combination thereof; and / or the like.

[0019] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, at least one of: at least one predicted cost for placement of the at least one vascular access device; at least one predicted time from when placement of the at least one vascular access device is ordered to successful placement of the at least one vascular access device; at least one first predicted patient pain score during placement of the at least one vascular access device; at least one second predicted patient pain score after placement of the at least one vascular access device; at least one difficulty score for placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point for the first patient; any combination thereof; and / or the like may be generated.

[0020] In certain non-limiting embodiments or aspects, at least one graphical user interface (GUI) may be generated to display at least one of: an average time from when placement of at least one vascular access device is instructed to successful placement of at least one vascular access device as a function of patient difficulty; a success rate of vascular access device placement as a function of patient difficulty; a first average pain score during placement of at least one vascular access device as a function of patient difficulty; a second average pain score after placement of at least one vascular access device as a function of patient difficulty; an average patient satisfaction score; a summary of vascular access device placement; any combination thereof; and / or the like.

[0021] According to non-limiting embodiments or aspects, a system for placement of a vascular access device is provided. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the system for placement of a vascular access device may include at least one clinician identification device, where the at least one clinician identification device may include a first clinician identification device associated with a first clinician. The at least one patient identification device may include a first patient identification device associated with a first patient. The at least one vascular access device may include a vascular access device identification device associated therewith. The at least one reader device may be configured to communicate with the at least one clinician identification device, the at least one patient identification device, and each vascular access device identification device. The reader may be connected to a communications network. The at least one user device may be connected to the communications network. At least one database may be connected to the communications network. The at least one database may store clinician data associated with multiple clinicians, where the multiple clinicians may include the first clinician. The at least one database may store patient data associated with multiple patients, where the multiple patients may include the first patient. The patient data for the first patient may include access point data associated with at least one access point of the first patient. The at least one database may store vascular access device data associated with a plurality of vascular access devices, the plurality of vascular access devices may include at least one vascular access device. The vascular access device placement modeling system may be connected to a communications network. The vascular access device placement modeling system may receive first clinician identification data associated with the first clinician from a first clinician identification device via a reader device. The vascular access device placement modeling system may receive first patient identification data associated with the first patient from a first patient identification device via a reader device.The vascular access device placement modeling system may receive, via the reader device, vascular access device identification data associated with the at least one vascular access device from a vascular access device identification device associated with each of the at least one vascular access device. The vascular access device placement modeling system may retrieve clinician data associated with the first clinician from at least one database. The vascular access device placement modeling system may retrieve patient data associated with the first patient from at least one database. The vascular access device placement modeling system may retrieve vascular access device data associated with each of the at least one vascular access device from at least one database. The vascular access device placement modeling system may generate a first probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on the patient data associated with the first patient, the clinician data associated with the first clinician, and the vascular access device data associated with each of the at least one vascular access device. The vascular access device placement modeling system may communicate an instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device to at least one user device based on the at least one first probability.

[0022] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, at least one user device may include a reader device.

[0023] In certain non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the at least one server may include at least one database and a vascular access device placement modeling system.

[0024] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the at least one user device may receive as input at least one of clinician data, patient data, vascular access device data, any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one user device may communicate the input to at least one database.

[0025] According to non-limiting embodiments or aspects, a computer program product for placement of a vascular access device is provided. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the computer program product for placement of a vascular access device may include at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium including one or more instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to receive clinician data associated with at least one clinician, where the at least one clinician may include a first clinician. Patient data associated with at least one patient, where the at least one patient may include a first patient. At least one first probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by the first clinician may be generated based on the patient data associated with the first patient and the clinician data associated with the first clinician. An instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device may be communicated to a user device based on the at least one first probability.

[0026] Further embodiments or aspects are described in the following numbered clauses.

[0027] Clause 1: A method for placement of a vascular access device, the method comprising: receiving, by at least one processor, clinician data associated with at least one clinician, wherein the at least one clinician includes a first clinician; receiving, by at least one processor, patient data associated with at least one patient, wherein the at least one patient includes a first patient; generating, by the at least one processor, at least one first probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at at least one access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on the patient data associated with the first patient and the clinician data associated with the first clinician; and communicating, by the at least one processor, an instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device to a user device based on the at least one first probability.

[0028] Clause 2: The method of clause 1, wherein the clinician data includes at least one of years of experience, handedness, level of training, years of degree, whether the clinician is a member of an intravenous (IV) team, salary, number of vascular access device placement attempts, number of successful vascular access device placements, number of attempts per successful placement of each vascular access device, number of vascular access device placement attempts per patient, success rate of vascular access device placement, access point for each vascular access device placement attempt, number of successful vascular access device placements per selectable subperiod over a selectable period, whether at least one guidance system was used for each vascular access device placement attempt, whether at least one guidance system was used for each successful vascular access device placement attempt, or any combination thereof.

[0029] Clause 3: Patient data will include height, weight, body mass index (BMI), sex, handedness, dominant hand, current diagnosis code, one or more comorbidity diagnosis codes, history of intravenous (IV) treatment, skin pallor, skin shadowing, whether the patient has tremors or other involuntary movement disorders, whether the patient has a condition requiring restraints or sedation, classification as difficult intravenous access (DIVA) or adult difficult intravenous access (A-DIVA), and the American Society of Anesthesiologists. 3. The method of clause 1 or 2, including at least one of: an American Society of Cardiology (ASA) physical status classification, whether the patient is a candidate for unplanned surgery, whether the patient fasted preoperatively, palpability of the target vein at at least one access point, visibility of the target vein at at least one access point, a known history of difficult peripheral IV cannulation, a dilated vein diameter less than a selectable threshold, the size of the vascular access device, at least one available access point on at least one limb of the patient, whether the patient has at least one vascular disease, whether the patient has preoperative hypovolemia, whether the patient has renal failure, the patient's level of fear of needles, a measure of difficulty of maintaining peripheral IV access after each vascular access device is placed, the number of vascular access device placement attempts for the patient, the number of successful vascular access device placements for the patient, the number of attempts per successful placement of each vascular access device for the patient, a vascular access device placement success rate for the patient, the access point for each vascular access device placement attempt for the patient, or any combination thereof.

[0030] Clause 4: The method of any of clauses 1 to 3, wherein generating at least one first probability includes generating the at least one first probability using a neural network model, the neural network model including at least one neural network trained based on clinician history data associated with a plurality of clinicians and patient history data associated with a plurality of patients.

[0031] Clause 5: The method of any of clauses 1 to 4, further comprising, before generating at least one first probability, training, by at least one processor, at least one neural network of the neural network model based on the clinician history data and the patient history data.

[0032] Clause 6: The method of any of clauses 1 to 5, further comprising receiving, by at least one processor, first patient access point data associated with at least one access point of the first patient, and generating at least one first probability comprises generating the at least one first probability based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, and the first patient access point data.

[0033] Clause 7: The method of any of clauses 1 to 6, wherein the at least one clinician includes a plurality of clinicians including a first clinician, and the at least one patient includes a plurality of patients including the first patient, and the method further includes receiving, by at least one processor, first clinician identification data associated with a first clinician of the plurality of clinicians, and receiving, by at least one processor, first patient identification data associated with a first patient of the plurality of patients.

[0034] Clause 8: The method of any of clauses 1 to 7, further comprising: receiving, by at least one processor, guideline data associated with at least one recommended access point for each of at least one vascular access procedure; receiving, by at least one processor, vascular access device data associated with at least one vascular access device and cost data associated with consumables required for attempting placement of the at least one vascular access device; and generating, by at least one processor, an instruction message indicating an instruction to place a first vascular access device of the at least one vascular access device at a first access point of the at least one access point based on at least one first probability, the guideline data, the vascular access device data, and the cost data.

[0035] Clause 9: A method according to any of clauses 1 to 8, further comprising: before communicating the instruction message: determining, by at least one processor, that at least one first probability satisfies a threshold; and generating, by the at least one processor, an instruction message indicating an instruction to a first clinician to place at least one vascular access device at a first of the at least one access points based on the at least one first probability satisfying the threshold.

[0036] Clause 10: The method of any of clauses 1 to 9, further comprising: before communicating the instruction message: determining, by at least one processor, that the first probability does not satisfy a threshold; and generating, by at least one processor, an instruction message indicating instructions for at least one intervention for placement of the at least one vascular access device based on the at least one first probability not satisfying the threshold, wherein the at least one intervention includes at least one of a second clinician for placement of the vascular access device, at least one guidance system for placement of the vascular access device, or any combination thereof.

[0037] Clause 11: The method of any of clauses 1-10, further comprising: prior to generating the command message, generating at least one of: at least one second probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, and guidance data associated with the at least one guidance system; at least one third probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by the second clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient and clinician data associated with the second clinician; or at least one fourth probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by the second clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the second clinician, and guidance data associated with the at least one guidance system.

[0038] Clause 12: The method of any of clauses 1 to 11, further comprising: generating, by at least one processor, at least one first predicted patient satisfaction rating for an attempt by the first clinician to place at least one vascular access device at at least one access point of the first patient based on patient data associated with the first patient and clinician data associated with the first clinician; and generating an instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device based on the at least one first probability and the at least one first predicted patient satisfaction rating, wherein communicating the instruction message comprises communicating to a user device the instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device based on the at least one first probability and the at least one first predicted patient satisfaction rating.

[0039] Clause 13: The method further includes receiving, by the at least one processor, input data based on a placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by a first clinician, the input data including: an update of patient data associated with the first patient; an update of clinician data associated with the first clinician; a side of the patient on which the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device was performed; a first access point of the at least one access point on which the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device was performed; visibility of the target vein at the at least one access point; a dilated venous diameter of the target vein at the at least one access point; palpability of the target vein at the at least one access point; a size of the at least one vascular access device; a size of the at least one vascular access device; a first access point of the at least one vascular access device; a first access point of the at least one access point; a visibility of the target vein at the at least one access point; a dilated venous diameter of the target vein at the at least one access point; a palpability of the target vein at the at least one access point; a size of the at least one vascular access device; a first access point ... 13. The method of any of clauses 1 to 12, comprising at least one of: a type of device; a number of placement attempts of the at least one vascular access device; an indication of whether the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device was successful; a time from when placement of the at least one vascular access device was indicated to the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; an indication of whether at least one intervention for placement of the at least one vascular access device was used; a patient's level of fear of the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; a patient's first pain score during the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; a patient's second pain score after the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; a patient satisfaction score for the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; or any combination thereof.

[0040] Clause 14: The method of any of clauses 1 to 13, further comprising generating, by at least one processor, at least one predicted cost for placement of the at least one vascular access device; at least one predicted time from when placement of the at least one vascular access device is indicated to successful placement of the at least one vascular access device; at least one first predicted pain score for the patient during placement of the at least one vascular access device; at least one second predicted pain score for the patient after placement of the at least one vascular access device; at least one difficulty score for placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point for the first patient; or any combination thereof.

[0041] Clause 15: The method of any of clauses 1 to 14, further comprising generating, by at least one processor, at least one graphical user interface (GUI): the at least one graphical user interface (GUI) indicating at least one of: an average time from instruction to place at least one vascular access device to successful placement of at least one vascular access device as a function of patient difficulty; a success rate of vascular access device placement as a function of patient difficulty; a first average pain score during placement of at least one vascular access device as a function of patient difficulty; a second average pain score after placement of at least one vascular access device as a function of patient difficulty; an average patient satisfaction score; a summary of vascular access device placement; or any combination thereof.

[0042] Clause 16: at least one clinician identification device, including a first clinician identification device associated with a first clinician; at least one patient identification device, including a first patient identification device associated with a first patient; at least one vascular access device, each vascular access device including a vascular access device identification device associated therewith; at least one reader device configured to communicate with the at least one clinician identification device, the at least one patient identification device, and each vascular access device identification device, the reader device connected to a communications network; at least one database connected to the communications network, the at least one database configured to store clinician data associated with a plurality of clinicians, the plurality of clinicians including a first clinician; store patient data associated with a plurality of patients, the plurality of patients including a first patient, the patient data for the first patient including access point data associated with at least one access point of the first patient; and store vascular access device data associated with a plurality of vascular access devices, the plurality of vascular access devices including at least one vascular access device;1. A vascular access device placement modeling system connected to a communications network, comprising: receiving first clinician identification data associated with a first clinician from a first clinician identification device via a reader device; receiving first patient identification data associated with a first patient from a first patient identification device via the reader device; receiving vascular access device identification data associated with at least one vascular access device from a vascular access device identification device associated with each of the at least one vascular access device via the reader device; retrieving clinician data associated with the first clinician from at least one database; retrieving patient data associated with the first patient from the at least one database; and receiving at least one vascular access device identification data associated with the at least one vascular access device from a vascular access device identification device associated with each of the at least one vascular access device. and a vascular access device placement modeling system configured to: retrieve vascular access device data associated with each of the at least one vascular access device from one database; generate at least one first probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, and vascular access device data associated with each of the at least one vascular access device; and communicate an instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device to at least one user device based on the at least one first probability; A system including:

[0043] Clause 17: The system of clause 16, wherein at least one user device includes a reader device.

[0044] Clause 18: The system of clause 16 or 17, wherein at least one server includes at least one database and a vascular access device placement modeling system.

[0045] Clause 19: A system described in any one of clauses 16 to 18, wherein at least one user device is configured to receive as input at least one of clinician data, patient data, vascular access device data, or any combination thereof, and to communicate the input to at least one database.

[0046] Clause 20: A computer program product for vascular access device placement, comprising at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium including one or more instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: receive clinician data associated with at least one clinician, the at least one clinician including a first clinician; receive patient data associated with at least one patient, the at least one patient including a first patient; generate at least one first probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at at least one access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on the patient data associated with the first patient and the clinician data associated with the first clinician; and communicate an instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device to a user device based on the at least one first probability.

[0047] Clause 21: A system including at least one processor and at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium, the non-transitory computer-readable medium including one or more instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method described in any one of clauses 1 to 15.

[0048] Clause 22: At least one non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method described in any one of clauses 1 to 15.

[0049] These and other features and characteristics of the subject matter of the present disclosure, as well as the method of operation and function of the associated elements of structure, combination of parts, and economies of manufacture, will become more apparent from a consideration of the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, all of which form a part hereof, and in which like reference numerals indicate corresponding parts in the various views. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for purposes of illustration and description only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the subject matter of the present disclosure. As used in this specification and claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0050] Additional advantages and details of the subject matter of the present disclosure are described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments or aspects illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

[0051] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates a non-limiting embodiment or aspect of an environment in which the systems, methods, and / or products described herein may be implemented in accordance with the principles of the presently disclosed subject matter. [Figure 2] 2 is a diagram of a non-limiting embodiment or aspect of components of one or more devices of FIG. 1. [Figure 3] 1 is a flowchart of a non-limiting embodiment or aspect of a process for placement of a vascular access device according to the principles of the presently disclosed subject matter. [Figure 4] 4 is a diagram of a non-limiting embodiment or aspect of an implementation of the process shown in FIG. 3 in accordance with the principles of the presently disclosed subject matter. [Figure 5] 4 is a diagram of a non-limiting embodiment or aspect of an implementation of the process shown in FIG. 3 in accordance with the principles of the presently disclosed subject matter. [Figure 6A]6A is a diagram of an exemplary graphical user interface screenshot of a non-limiting embodiment or aspect of an implementation of the non-limiting embodiment or aspect of the process shown in FIG. 3 in accordance with the principles of the presently disclosed subject matter. [Figure 6B] FIG. 6B is a diagram of an exemplary graphical user interface screenshot of a non-limiting embodiment or aspect of an implementation of the non-limiting embodiment or aspect of the process shown in FIG. 3 in accordance with the principles of the presently disclosed subject matter. [Figure 6C] 6C is a diagram of an exemplary graphical user interface screenshot of a non-limiting embodiment or aspect of an implementation of the non-limiting embodiment or aspect of the process shown in FIG. 3 in accordance with the principles of the presently disclosed subject matter. [Figure 6D] FIG. 6D is a diagram of an exemplary graphical user interface screenshot of a non-limiting embodiment or aspect of an implementation of the non-limiting embodiment or aspect of the process shown in FIG. 3 according to the principles of the presently disclosed subject matter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0052] It should be understood that the present disclosure may contemplate various alternative modifications and step sequences unless expressly specified to the contrary. It should also be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and described in the following specification, are merely exemplary and non-limiting embodiments or aspects. Hence, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics relating to the embodiments or aspects disclosed herein are not to be considered limiting.

[0053] For purposes of the following description, the terms "end," "upper," "lower," "right," "left," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "lateral," "longitudinal," and derivatives thereof, refer to the presently disclosed subject matter as oriented in the drawings. However, it should be understood that the presently disclosed subject matter can assume various alternative modifications and step sequences unless expressly specified to the contrary. It should also be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the following specification are merely exemplary embodiments or aspects of the presently disclosed subject matter. Accordingly, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics related to the embodiments or aspects of embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered limiting, unless otherwise indicated.

[0054] As used herein, aspects, components, elements, structures, acts, steps, functions, instructions, and / or the like should not be construed as critical or essential unless expressly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with "one or more" and "at least one." Furthermore, as used herein, the term "set" is intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, combinations of related and unrelated items, etc.) and may be used interchangeably with "one or more" or "at least one." Where only one item is intended, the term "one" or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms "has," "have," "having," etc. are intended to be open-ended terms. Furthermore, the phrase "based on" is intended to mean "based at least in part on," unless expressly specified otherwise.

[0055] As used herein, the terms “communication” and “communicate” may refer to the reception, receipt, transmission, transfer, provision, etc. of information (e.g., data, signals, messages, instructions, commands, and / or the like). For one unit (e.g., a device, a system, a component of a device or system, combinations thereof, and / or the like) to communicate with another unit means that the one unit can directly or indirectly receive information from and / or transmit information to the other unit. This may refer to direct or indirect connections (e.g., direct communication connections, indirect communication connections, etc.) that are wired and / or wireless in nature. Additionally, two units may communicate with each other even though the information being transmitted may be modified, processed, relayed, and / or routed between the first and second units. For example, a first unit may communicate with a second unit even if the first unit passively receives information and does not actively transmit information to the second unit. As another example, a first unit may communicate with a second unit if at least one intermediary unit (e.g., a third unit located between the first and second units) processes information received from the first unit and communicates the processed information to the second unit. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, a message may refer to a network packet (e.g., a data packet and / or the like) containing data. It will be understood that numerous other arrangements are possible.

[0056] As used herein, the term "server" may refer to one or more computing devices, such as a processor, storage device, and / or similar computer components, that communicate with client devices and / or other computing devices over a network, such as the Internet or a private network, and, in some examples, facilitate communication between other servers and / or client devices. It will be understood that numerous other arrangements are possible. Furthermore, a reference to a "server" or "processor" as used herein may refer to a previously described server and / or processor, a different server and / or processor, and / or combinations thereof, that are described as performing the previous step or function. For example, as used in the specification and claims, a first server and / or processor described as performing a first step or function may refer to the same or a different server and / or processor described as performing a second step or function.

[0057] Some non-limiting embodiments or aspects are described herein in relation to a threshold value. As used herein, meeting a threshold value may refer to a value being greater than the threshold value, more than the threshold value, higher than the threshold value, equal to or greater than the threshold value, less than the threshold value, less than the threshold value, lower than the threshold value, less than the threshold value, equal to the threshold value, etc.

[0058] Non-limiting embodiments or aspects of the disclosed subject matter are directed to systems, methods, and products for vascular access device placement, including, but not limited to, placement of vascular access devices based on clinician data and patient data. For example, non-limiting embodiments or aspects of the disclosed subject matter provide for generating at least one probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at at least one access point of a patient by a clinician based on patient data and clinician data, and communicating an instruction message for placement of the vascular access device(s) to a user device based on the probability(s). Such embodiments or aspects provide techniques and systems that allow for a balance between allowing less experienced and / or trained clinicians the opportunity to attempt placement of vascular access devices and reducing failed placement attempts. For example, allowing the initially assigned clinician to attempt vascular access device placement when the probability of successful vascular access device placement meets a threshold (e.g., a sufficiently high probability) may provide a learning opportunity for the initially assigned clinician (e.g., increasing the initial clinician's experience and / or training), reduce inefficient use of resources (e.g., unnecessary use of additional clinicians and / or guidance systems that may be more appropriately available to help other patients), and reduce costs (e.g., the price of providing additional clinicians and / or additional guidance systems). Additionally or alternatively, directing the use of at least one intervention for vascular access device placement (e.g., assignment of another physician and / or use of a guidance system) when the probability of successful vascular access device placement by the initially assigned clinician does not meet a threshold (e.g., a probability) may reduce failed attempts to place vascular access devices, thereby reducing patient pain, patient dissatisfaction, patient fear of the vascular access device, wasted resources (e.g., requiring disposal of the vascular access device, antiseptic products, bandages, etc.), and wasted time.Additionally or alternatively, such embodiments or aspects provide techniques and systems that provide instructions as to which access point(s) of a plurality of access points and / or which vascular access device type(s) of a plurality of vascular access device types to use for a particular patient at that particular time (e.g., a particular instruction procedure, and / or the like).

[0059] Additionally, non-limiting embodiments or aspects of the disclosed subject matter provide a unified analysis of the clinician's experience (e.g., from clinician data) and patient risk factors (e.g., from patient data) to provide the clinician with a customized recommendation (e.g., an instructional message) regarding whether the patient can be easily cannulated by the clinician and / or whether the patient should be recommended for intervention, for example, by a more experienced clinician (e.g., another physician with more experience or a specialized role (e.g., an IV team)), by placement assistance (e.g., a guidance system such as ultrasound guiding the placement of a vascular access device), any combination thereof, and / or the like. For example, such a recommendation (e.g., an instructional message) may be generated based on the patient's history of attempted and / or successful placement of vascular access devices, the difficulty of placing such vascular access devices, the clinician's expertise, the patient's difficulty maintaining peripheral IV access once obtained, any combination thereof, and / or the like. For example, determining the difficulty of maintaining peripheral IV access for a patient may include analyzing historical data of the length of time peripheral IV access was maintained for a patient with respect to the length of time peripheral IV access was needed for the patient, the length of time the type of vascular access device (e.g., a catheter) is intended to be used for (e.g., its lifespan), and / or the like. By way of illustration, when peripheral IV access is needed for seven days, a first patient whose peripheral IV access was removed on day four (e.g., and therefore needs to be reestablished) would potentially be at higher risk than a second patient who had peripheral IV access for the entire three-day period that such peripheral IV access was needed.Additionally, non-limiting embodiments or aspects of the disclosed subject matter may take into account how difficult each peripheral IV access in the patient's history was (e.g., difficulty score and / or classification), the number of placement attempts for each vascular access device, the clinician's experience and / or skill level (e.g., based on clinician data such as years of experience, average number of successful placements performed per sub-period (e.g., week) over a period (e.g., a 6-month period)), whether placement aids (e.g., ultrasound guidance, other catheter placement aids, and / or the like) were used, and / or the like.

[0060] For illustrative purposes, in the following description, the presently disclosed subject matter is described with respect to systems, methods, and articles of manufacture for placement of vascular access devices, e.g., based on clinician and / or patient data, although those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosed subject matter is not limited to exemplary embodiments or aspects. For example, the systems, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein may be used in a wide variety of settings, such as placement of medical devices and / or management of medical procedures in any setting suitable for using such devices and / or treatments, e.g., external medical devices, implanted medical devices, local treatments, surgical treatments, any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0061] 1, which is a diagram of a non-limiting embodiment or aspect of an environment 100 in which devices, systems, and / or methods as described herein may be implemented. As shown in FIG. 1, the environment 100 may include a medical device 102, a medical device identification device 104, a clinician identification device 110, a patient identification device 112, a reader device 120, a vascular access device placement modeling system 130, a database 132, a user device 140, and / or a network 150.

[0062] The medical device 102 may include at least one device, and / or component thereof, configured to be used for a medical purpose. For example, the medical device 102 may include at least one device (e.g., an instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, any combination thereof, and / or the like) and / or component thereof that may be configured for use in the diagnosis of a disease or other condition and / or the cure, mitigation, treatment, and / or prevention of a disease and / or other condition (e.g., in humans, other animals, and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the medical device 102 may include a vascular access device (e.g., an intravenous (IV) line, catheter, needle, cannula, and / or the like), a syringe, any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0063] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the medical device 102 may include a medical device identification device 104. For example, the medical device identification device 104 may include at least one machine-readable optical label (e.g., a barcode, a quick response (QR) code, and / or the like), at least one radio frequency identification (RFID) tag (e.g., an RFID tag having an integrated circuit (IC) that stores its identification data, a chipless RFID tag, any combination thereof, and / or the like), a computing device (e.g., a portable and / or handheld device (e.g., a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smartphone, a tablet, and / or the like)), and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the medical device identification device 104 may be attached to the medical device 102 (e.g., printed thereon, attached thereto (e.g., with an adhesive and / or the like), any combination thereof, and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, the medical device identification device 104 may be included in (e.g., affixed to, integrated into, part of, any combination thereof, and / or the like) the packaging and / or protective cover(s) of the medical device 102. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the medical device identification device 104 may generate a signal when the packaging and / or protective cover(s) of the medical device 102 is opened.

[0064] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, each type of medical device 102 may have a unique identifier associated therewith. For example, the unique identifier may include a stock keeping unit (SKU), a serial number, a model number, a medical device type identification number, any combination thereof, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the unique identifier of each type of medical device 102 may be associated with (e.g., stored on, displayed by, mapped to, and / or the like) a respective medical device identification device 104. For example, a first medical device identification device 104 may be associated with a first unique identifier of a first type of medical device 102, and a second medical device identification device 104 may be associated with a second unique identifier of a second type of medical device 102, and / or the like.

[0065] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, medical device 102 can include a mating element. For example, the mating element can include any element configured to be used to mate medical device 102 with a second medical device. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the mating element can include a luer fitting (e.g., a male luer fitting, a female luer fitting, and / or the like).

[0066] The clinician identification device 110 may include at least one machine-readable optical label (e.g., a barcode, a QR code, and / or the like), at least one RFID tag (e.g., an RFID tag having an IC that stores identification data therein, a chipless RFID tag, any combination thereof, and / or the like), a computing device (e.g., a portable and / or handheld device (e.g., a PDA, a smartphone, a tablet, and / or the like)), and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the clinician identification device 110 may be wearable by the clinician. For example, the clinician identification device 110 may include a badge, a bracelet, a watch, eyeglasses, one or more lenses, clothing, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the clinician identification device 110 may be included in (e.g., affixed to, integrated into, as part of, any combination thereof, and / or the like) the user device 140.

[0067] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, each clinician may have clinician identification data associated with them. For example, the clinician identification data may include a name, a date of birth, a clinician identifier (e.g., a unique identifier, an employee number, and / or the like), any combination thereof, and / or the like. For example, the clinician identification data for each clinician may be associated with (e.g., stored on, displayed by, mapped to, and / or the like) a respective clinician identification device 110. For example, a first clinician identification device 110 may be associated with a first clinician identifier of the first clinician, a second clinician identification device 110 may be associated with a second clinician identifier of the second clinician, and / or the like.

[0068] The clinician identification device 110 may include at least one machine-readable optical label (e.g., a barcode, a QR code, and / or the like), at least one RFID tag (e.g., an RFID tag having an IC that stores identification data therein, a chipless RFID tag, any combination thereof, and / or the like), a computing device (e.g., a portable and / or handheld device (e.g., a PDA, a smartphone, a tablet, and / or the like)), and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the patient identification device 112 may be wearable by the patient. For example, the patient identification device 112 may include a badge, a bracelet, a watch, eyeglasses, one or more lenses, clothing, and / or the like.

[0069] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, each patient may have patient identification data associated with them. For example, the patient identification data may include a name, a date of birth, a patient identifier (e.g., a unique identifier, a patient number, an account number, and / or the like), any combination thereof, and / or the like. For example, the patient identification data for each patient may be associated with (e.g., stored on, displayed by, mapped to, and / or the like) a respective patient identification device 112. For example, a first patient identification device 112 may be associated with a first patient identifier of a first patient, a second patient identification device 112 may be associated with a second patient identifier of a second patient, and / or the like.

[0070] Reader device 120 may include one or more devices capable of receiving information from and / or communicating information to vascular access device placement modeling system 130, database 132, and / or user device 140 (e.g., via network 150). Additionally or alternatively, each reader device 120 may include devices capable of receiving information from and / or communicating information to other reader devices 120 (e.g., via network 150, another network (e.g., an ad-hoc network, a local network, a private network, a virtual private network, and / or the like), and / or any other suitable communication technology). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the reader device 120 may be capable of receiving information (e.g., from another reader device 120, a medical device identification device 104, a clinician identification device 110, a patient identification device 112, and / or the like) and / or communicating information (e.g., to another reader device 120) via a short-range wireless communication connection (e.g., a near field communication (NFC) communication connection, an RFID communication connection, a Bluetooth® communication connection, a Zigbee® communication connection, and / or the like).

[0071] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, each reader device 120 may include at least one of a transmitter 122, a receiver 124, and / or any combination thereof. Additionally or alternatively, at least one of a transmitter 122, a receiver 124, and / or any combination thereof may be separate from the reader device 120, which may include a device capable of receiving information from and / or communicating information to the transmitter 122 and / or receiver 124 (e.g., via the network 150, another network (e.g., an ad-hoc network, a local network, a private network, a virtual private network, and / or the like), and / or any other suitable communication technology).

[0072] The transmitter 122 may include at least one transmitter (e.g., at least one device and / or circuitry configured to generate and / or transmit electromagnetic waves, such as a signal generator, a radio frequency (RF) transmitter, a microwave transmitter, an analog transmitter, a digital transmitter, any combination thereof, and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 122 may generate an alternating current (e.g., an RF alternating current, a microwave alternating current, and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the reader device 120 and / or the transmitter 122 may include at least one antenna (e.g., an antenna element, a dipole antenna, and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 122 may apply an alternating current to the antenna, which may be excited by the alternating current and thereby transmit electromagnetic waves (e.g., radio waves, microwaves, and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the transmitter 122 may include one or more devices that can receive information from and / or communicate with the reader device 120, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130, the database 132, and / or the user device 140 (e.g., via the network 150).

[0073] The receiver 124 may include at least one receiver (e.g., at least one device and / or circuit configured to receive electromagnetic waves). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the reader device 120 and / or the receiver 124 may include at least one antenna (e.g., an antenna element, a dipole antenna, and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, the antenna may receive the electromagnetic waves to thereby generate an alternating current. Additionally or alternatively, such an alternating current may be applied to the receiver (e.g., by the antenna) and information may be extracted therefrom. For example, the receiver may determine which frequency components are present in the received signal (e.g., the received electromagnetic waves, and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, receiver 124 may include one or more devices that can receive information from reader device 120, vascular access device placement modeling system 130, database 132, and / or user device 140 (e.g., via network 150) and / or communicate information to reader device 120, vascular access device placement modeling system 130, database 132, and / or user device 140.

[0074] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the transmitter 122 and / or the reader device 120 may transmit an interrogation signal to at least one of the medical device identification device 104, the clinician identification device 110, the patient identification device 112, any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the receiver 124 and / or the reader device 120 may receive a response signal from at least one of the medical device identification device 104, the clinician identification device 110, the patient identification device 112, any combination thereof, and / or the like. The response signal may each be associated with identification data of the medical device identification device 104, the clinician identification device 110, the patient identification device 112, and / or the like (e.g., a unique identifier associated with the type of each medical device 102, clinician identification data associated with the respective clinician, patient data associated with the respective patient, and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, receiver 124 and / or reader device 120 may communicate response signal data associated with the response signal (e.g., via network 150 to vascular access device placement modeling system 130, database 132, and / or user device 140). For example, receiver 124 and / or reader device 120 may include a communication interface for such communication.

[0075] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, multiple reader devices 120 may be included. Additionally or alternatively, each reader device 120 may be located at a location (e.g., a known location, a predetermined location, a selectable location, a preselected location, any combination thereof, and / or the like) within at least one facility (e.g., at least one building, at least one ward, at least one hospital, and / or the like). For example, the location of each reader device 120 may be different from the location of every other reader device 120 (e.g., each reader device 120 may be at a different location within a campus(es)). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the location of the medical device 102, clinician identification device 110, and / or patient identification device 112 may be determined (e.g., by the reader device 120, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130, the database 132, and / or the user device 140, and / or the like) based on which reader device 120 of the plurality of reader devices 120 detects the medical device identification device 104, the clinician identification device 110, and / or the patient identification device 112, respectively.

[0076] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the transmitter 122 and / or the receiver 124 may be included in a single device (e.g., the reader device 120 and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 122 and / or the receiver 124 may share a single antenna (e.g., the antenna of the reader device 120 and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the transmitter 122 and / or the receiver 124 may be separate devices.

[0077] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the reader device 120 may be included in (e.g., affixed to, integrated into, part of, any combination thereof, and / or the like) the user device 140.

[0078] Vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may include one or more devices that can receive information from and / or communicate information to reader device 120, database 132, and / or user device 140 (e.g., via network 150). For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may include one or more computing devices, such as a server, a group of servers, a portable and / or handheld device (e.g., a computer, laptop, PDA, smartphone, tablet, and / or the like), a desktop computer, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may be associated with a facility, as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may communicate with at least one data storage device (e.g., database 132 and / or the like), which may be local or remote to vascular access device placement modeling system 130. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may be capable of receiving, storing, communicating, or retrieving information from a data storage device(s) (e.g., a database(s) 132 and / or the like).

[0079] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may be connected to network 150. Additionally or alternatively, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive first clinician identification data associated with a clinician from clinician identification device 110 via reader device 120, may receive patient identification data associated with a patient from patient identification device 112 via reader device 120, may receive medical device identification data (e.g., vascular access device identification information, and / or the like) associated with medical device 102 (e.g., vascular access device, and / or the like) from vascular access device identification device 104 via reader device 120, and any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may retrieve clinician data associated with the clinician from the database(s) 132, retrieve patient data associated with the patient from the database(s) 132, retrieve medical device data (e.g., vascular access device data) associated with the medical device 102 (e.g., vascular access device) from the database(s) 132, any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one first probability of successful use of the medical device 102 (e.g., placement of the vascular access device) at at least one access point of the patient by the clinician based on the patient data, clinician data, and medical device data (e.g., vascular access device data), any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein.In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may communicate an instruction message to the user device 140 for use of the medical device 102 (e.g., placement of the vascular access device) based on the first probability (or multiple first probabilities), as described herein.

[0080] Database 132 may include one or more devices capable of receiving information from and / or communicating information to reader device 120, vascular access device placement modeling system 130, and / or user device 140 (e.g., via network 150). Additionally or alternatively, database 132 may include a data storage device that may be local or remote to vascular access device placement modeling system 130. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, database 132 may be integrated with and / or directly connected to intelligent industrial assistant 102 (e.g., fully, partially, and / or similarly). Additionally or alternatively, database 132 may be implemented separately (e.g., fully, partially, and / or similarly) from vascular access device placement modeling system 130. For example, database 132 may be a device and / or system separate from vascular access device placement modeling system 130. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, database 132 and vascular access device placement modeling system 130, as described herein, may be associated with the same facility. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, database 132 may include a computing device such as a server, a group of servers, and / or other similar devices. Additionally or alternatively, database 132 may include at least one Structured Query Language (SQL) database, at least one non-SQL database, any combination thereof, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, database 132 may be capable of retrieving information from, storing information in, communicating information to, or retrieving information stored in a data storage device.

[0081] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the database 132 may be connected to a network 150 . In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the database 132 may store clinician data associated with a plurality of clinicians, patient data associated with a plurality of patients, access point data associated with at least one access point (e.g., for each patient), medical device data (e.g., vascular access device data) associated with a plurality of medical devices 102 (e.g., vascular access devices), clinician identification data associated with each clinician of the plurality of clinicians, patient identification data associated with each patient of the plurality of patients, medical device identification data (e.g., vascular access device identification data) associated with each of the plurality of medical devices 102 (e.g., vascular access devices), guideline data associated with the access point (or plurality of access points) for each of the at least one vascular access procedure, cost data associated with consumables (e.g., additional consumables other than the medical device 102) required for an attempted use of each medical device 102 (e.g., an attempted placement of each vascular access device), guidance data associated with at least one guidance system, schedule data associated with a schedule for each clinician of the plurality of clinicians, settings data associated with selectable settings for at least one facility, any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein.

[0082] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, databases 132 may include a clinician database (e.g., for storing clinician data), a patient database (e.g., for storing patient data), a payroll database, a schedule database, an inventory database, an electronic medical record (EMR) and / or electronic health record (EHR) database, a hospital settings database, a guideline database, any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0083] User device 140 may include one or more devices capable of receiving information from reader device 120, vascular access device placement modeling system 130, and / or database 32 (e.g., via network 150) and / or communicating information to reader device 120, vascular access device placement modeling system 130, and / or user device 140. For example, user device 140 may include a computing device (e.g., a portable and / or handheld device (e.g., a computer, laptop, PDA, smartphone, tablet, and / or the like), a desktop computer, a server, a group of servers, and / or other similar devices). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, user device 140 may include at least one input component (e.g., a component that enables user device 140 to receive information (e.g., via user input), such as a touchscreen display, keyboard, keypad, mouse, buttons, switches, microphone, camera, and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, the user device 140 may include at least one output component (e.g., a component that provides output information from the user device 140, such as a display, a speaker, one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs), an antenna, and / or the like).

[0084] Network 150 may include at least one communication network. For example, network 150 may include a wired network, a wireless network, a cellular network (e.g., a long-term evolution (LTE) network, a third-generation (3G) network, a fourth-generation (4G) network, a fifth-generation (5G) network, a code division multiple access (CDMA) network, and / or the like), a public land mobile network (PLMN), a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a telephone network (e.g., a public switched telephone network (PSTN)), a private network (e.g., a private network associated with an establishment), an ad hoc network, an intranet, the Internet, a fiber-optic-based network, a cloud computing network, and / or the like, and / or combinations of these or other types of networks.

[0085] The number and arrangement of systems, devices, and / or networks shown in Figure 1 are provided as an example. There may be additional systems, devices, and / or networks; fewer systems, devices, and / or networks; different systems, devices, and / or networks; and / or systems, devices, and / or networks arranged differently from those shown in Figure 1. Furthermore, two or more systems or devices shown in Figure 1 may be implemented within a single system or device, or a single system or device shown in Figure 1 may be implemented as multiple distributed systems or devices. Additionally or alternatively, a set of systems (e.g., one or more systems) or a set of devices (e.g., one or more devices) of environment 100 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of systems or another set of devices of environment 100.

[0086] 2, which is a diagram of exemplary components of a device 200. The device 200 may correspond to a medical device 102, a medical device identification device 104, a clinician identification device 110, a patient identification device 112, a reader device 120, one or more devices of a vascular access device placement modeling system 130, one or more devices of a database 132, and / or a user device 140. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the medical device 102, the medical device identification device 104, the clinician identification device 110, the patient identification device 112, the reader device 120, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130, the database 132, and / or the user device 140 may include at least one device 200 and / or components of at least one device 200. As shown in FIG. 2, device 200 may include a bus 202, a processor 204, a memory 206, a storage component 208, an input component 210, an output component 212, and a communication interface 214.

[0087] Bus 202 may include components that enable communication between components of device 200. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, processor 204 may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, and / or any combination thereof. For example, processor 204 may include a processor (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), an accelerated processing unit (APU), and / or the like), a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and / or any processing component (e.g., a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and / or the like) that can be programmed to perform functions. Memory 206 may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), and / or another type of dynamic or static storage device (e.g., flash memory, magnetic memory, optical memory, and / or the like) that stores information and / or instructions for use by processor 204.

[0088] The storage component 208 may store information and / or software related to the operation and use of the device 200. For example, the storage component 208 may include a hard disk (e.g., a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a solid-state disk, and / or the like), a compact disk (CD), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a floppy disk, a cartridge, a magnetic tape, and / or another type of computer-readable medium, along with a corresponding drive.

[0089] Input components 210 may include components that enable device 200 to receive information, such as via user input (e.g., a touchscreen display, a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, buttons, switches, a microphone, a camera, and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, input components 210 may include antennas for receiving electromagnetic radiation, sensors for sensing information (e.g., a global positioning system (GPS) component, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, an actuator, and / or the like), and / or the like. Output components 212 may include components that provide output information from device 200 (e.g., an antenna for transmitting electromagnetic radiation, a display, a speaker, one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and / or the like).

[0090] Communication interface 214 may include transceiver-like components (e.g., a walkie-talkie, a separate receiver and transmitter, and / or the like) that enable device 200 to communicate with other devices, such as via a wired connection, a wireless connection, or a combination of wired and wireless connections. Communication interface 214 may enable device 200 to receive information from other devices and / or provide information to other devices. For example, communication interface 214 may include an Ethernet interface, an optical interface, a coaxial interface, an infrared interface, a radio frequency (RF) interface, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a Wi-Fi interface, a Bluetooth interface, a Zigbee interface, a cellular network interface, and / or the like.

[0091] The device 200 may perform one or more processes described herein. The device 200 may perform these processes based on the processor 204 executing software instructions stored by a computer-readable medium, such as the memory 206 and / or the storage component 208. A computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) is defined herein as a non-transitory memory device. A non-transitory memory device may include a memory space located within a single physical storage device or a memory space spread across multiple physical storage devices.

[0092] Software instructions may be loaded into memory 206 and / or storage component 208 from another computer-readable medium or from another device via communications interface 214. When executed, the software instructions stored in memory 206 and / or storage component 208 may cause processor 204 to perform one or more processes described herein. Additionally or alternatively, hardwired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions to perform one or more processes described herein. Thus, embodiments or aspects described herein are not limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry and software.

[0093] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 2 are provided as an example. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, device 200 may include additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged differently than those shown in Figure 2. Additionally or alternatively, a set of components (e.g., one or more components) of device 200 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components of device 200.

[0094] Referring now to FIG. 3 , FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a non-limiting embodiment of a process 300 for vascular access device placement. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, one or more steps of process 300 may be performed (e.g., fully, partially, and / or similarly) by vascular access device placement modeling system 130 (e.g., one or more devices of vascular access device placement modeling system 130). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, one or more steps of process 300 may be performed (e.g., fully, partially, and / or similarly) by another system, device, group of systems, or group of devices separate from or including vascular access device placement modeling system 130, such as medical device 102, medical device identification device 104, clinician identification device 110, patient identification device 112, reader device 120, database 132, user device 140, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments, the vascular access device may be the same as or similar to medical device 102.

[0095] 3, in step 302, process 300 may include receiving clinician data. For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive clinician data associated with at least one clinician (e.g., multiple clinicians and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the at least one clinician may include a first clinician (e.g., assigned to the care of a first patient).

[0096] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the clinician data may include background information about the clinician, such as years of experience, handedness, level of training, years of degree, whether the clinician is a member of an intravenous (IV) team, salary, any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the clinician data may include historical vascular access device placement data for the clinician, such as the number of vascular access device placement attempts, the number of successful vascular access device placements, the number of attempts per successful placement of each vascular access device, the number of vascular access device placement attempts per patient, the success rate of vascular access device placements, the access points for each vascular access device placement attempt, the number of successful vascular access device placements per selectable sub-period (e.g., day, week, and / or the like) over a selectable period (e.g., 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, etc.), whether at least one guidance system was used for each vascular access device placement attempt, whether at least one guidance system was used for each successful vascular access device placement, any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0097] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive (e.g., retrieve) clinician data from database 132. Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the clinician data may be entered via user device 140, and such data may be communicated to vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132.

[0098] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the at least one clinician may include multiple clinicians. Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive first clinician identification data associated with the first clinician from the first clinician identification device 110 via the reader device 120, as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive (e.g., retrieve) clinician data associated with the first clinician (e.g., from database 132) based on the first clinician identification data.

[0099] 3, in step 304, process 300 may include receiving patient data. For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive patient data associated with at least one patient (e.g., multiple patients and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the at least one patient may include a first patient (e.g., a first patient assigned to a first clinician).

[0100] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the patient data may include patient physiological data such as height, weight, body mass index (BMI), sex, handedness, handedness side, current diagnosis code, one or more comorbidity diagnosis codes (e.g., diabetes, cancer, IV drug abuse, alcohol abuse, vascular disease, hypovolemia, smoking, renal failure, any combination thereof, and / or the like), skin pallor, skin shading, whether the patient has tremors or other involuntary movement disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease and / or the like), whether the patient has a condition requiring restraints or sedation, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification, whether the patient is a candidate for unplanned surgery, whether the patient fasted preoperatively, whether the patient has renal failure, any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the patient data may include historical vascular access device placement data for the patient, such as intravenous (IV) treatment history (e.g., previous administration of IV chemotherapy, other IV administration of vesicant drugs, any combination thereof, and / or the like), classification as difficult intravenous access (DIVA) or adult difficult intravenous access (A-DIVA), known history of difficult peripheral IV cannulae, a measure of the difficulty of maintaining peripheral IV access after each vascular access device is placed (e.g., based on analyzing historical data of how long peripheral IV venous access was maintained for the patient compared to the length of time peripheral IV access was needed, the length of time the type of vascular access device (e.g., catheter) is intended to be used for (e.g., its lifespan), and / or the like), the number of vascular access device placement attempts for the patient, the number of successful vascular access device placements for the patient, the number of attempts per successful placement of each vascular access device for the patient, the success rate of vascular access device placement for the patient, the access point for each vascular access device placement attempt for the patient, any combination thereof, and / or the like.By way of illustration, if peripheral IV access is required for seven days, a first patient whose peripheral IV access was removed on day four (e.g., thus requiring re-establishment) would potentially be at higher risk than a second patient who had peripheral IV access for the entire three-day period during which such peripheral IV access was required. Additionally or alternatively, the patient data may include access point data associated with the patient's at least one access point, such as palpability of the target vein at each access point, visibility of the target vein at each access point, an expanded vein diameter less than a selectable threshold (e.g., an expanded vein diameter less than 2 mm, and / or the like), at least one available access point on at least one limb of the patient, whether the patient has at least one vascular disease, whether the patient has preoperative hypovolemia, any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the patient data may include the patient's level of needle fear, the patient's level of satisfaction with at least one previous placement attempt of at least one vascular access device, the size of the vascular access device used by the patient, any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0101] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the at least one patient may include multiple patients. Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive first patient identification data associated with the first patient from the first patient identification device 112 via the reader device 120, as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive (e.g., retrieve) patient data associated with the first patient (e.g., from the database 132) based on the first patient identification data.

[0102] 3 , in step 306, process 300 may include, for example, generating at least one probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device. For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one first probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at at least one access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, any combination thereof, and / or the like. For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate each first probability of successful placement of each of a plurality of vascular access devices at each of a plurality of access points of the first patient by the first clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, any combination thereof, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments, each first probability of successful placement of a vascular access device may include a probability of successful placement of the respective vascular access device in a first attempt to place the vascular access device (e.g., a first stick).

[0103] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, generating the at least one first probability may include generating the at least one first probability using at least one predictive model (e.g., a neural network model, a machine learning model, a data mining model, a statistical model, a regression model (e.g., for A-DIVA patients, linear regression analysis), any combination thereof, the like, and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, generating the at least one first probability may include generating the at least one first probability using a neural network model. For example, the neural network model may include at least one neural network trained based on clinician history data associated with a plurality of clinicians and patient history data associated with a plurality of patients. Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the clinician history data and patient history data may be associated with known outcomes (e.g., at least one vascular access device placement attempt, successful placement of at least one vascular access device, unsuccessful placement of at least one vascular access device, any combination thereof, and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, before generating the at least one first probability, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may train at least one neural network of the neural network model based on clinician history data and patient history data (e.g., known outcomes associated therewith).

[0104] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the predictive model (e.g., a neural network model, a machine learning model, a data mining model, a statistical model, a regression model, and / or the like) may automatically use the most recent data (the most recent / updated clinician data, patient data, and / or the like stored by the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database 132) to generate a probability (e.g., at least one first probability, and / or the like) for each placement of the at least one vascular access device. Thus, the most recent and best (e.g., most recent, most reliable, and / or the like) predictive value information (e.g., data) may be used to generate the probability and / or generate an instruction message to the clinician based thereon. Furthermore, the accuracy of the generated probability may improve over time, for example, as more data (e.g., clinician data, patient data, and / or the like) becomes available.

[0105] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, as a clinician gains more experience with and / or demonstrates success with less difficult (e.g., lower difficulty score) vascular access device placements (e.g., cannulations), the probability of the clinician's successful placement of a more difficult (e.g., higher difficulty score) vascular access device may increase. Additionally or alternatively, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may instruct the clinician to attempt such more difficult placements of the vascular access device. Thus, the clinician's level of experience and / or training may increase. Additionally or alternatively, if the clinician fails to place a vascular access device, the probability of the clinician's successful placement of the vascular access device may decrease, and vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may instruct the clinician not to attempt the particular (e.g., more difficult) placement of the vascular access device and / or to use at least one intervention (e.g., a second clinician, a guidance system, any combination thereof, and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the probability of successful placement of a vascular access device by a clinician can thereby be constantly updated in real time based on the most recent data available (e.g., clinician data, patient data, and / or the like).

[0106] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive first patient access point data associated with at least one access point of a first patient (e.g., as part of the patient data, separately from the patient data, and / or similarly). For example, the access point data may include palpability of the target vein at the at least one access point, visibility of the target vein at the at least one access point, a known history of difficult peripheral IV cannulation, a dilated vein diameter less than a selectable threshold, at least one available access point on at least one limb of the patient, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the access point data may include recommended or prescribed access points from industry standards, guidelines, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, generating the at least one first probability may include generating the at least one first probability based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, and the first patient access point data.

[0107] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one additional probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device using at least one intervention. For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one second probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at a first access point on a first patient by a first clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with a first clinician, guidance data associated with at least one guidance system, any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one third probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at a first access point on a first patient by a second clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with a second clinician, any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one fourth probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the first access point of the first patient by the second clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the second clinician, guidance data associated with the at least one guidance system, any combination thereof, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, each probability of successful placement of the vascular access device (e.g., second probability, third probability, fourth probability, and / or the like) may include a probability of successful placement of the vascular access device in a first attempt to place the vascular access device (e.g., the first stick). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the second clinician may include a specialist, such as a member of an IV team.In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the guidance system may include an ultrasound system, at least one other catheter placement aid, any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0108] 3, in step 308, process 300 may include generating an instruction message. For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate an instruction message for placement of at least one vascular access device based on at least one first probability.

[0109] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may determine that the at least one first probability meets a threshold. Additionally or alternatively, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate an instruction message indicating instructions for a first clinician to place the at least one vascular access device at a first of the at least one access points based on the at least one first probability meeting a threshold.

[0110] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may determine that the first probability does not meet a threshold. Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate an instruction message indicating an instruction for at least one intervention for placement of the at least one vascular access device based on the at least one first probability not meeting a threshold. For example, the intervention(s) may include at least one of a second clinician for placement of the vascular access device, at least one guidance system for placement of the vascular access device, or any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may determine which intervention(s) to order based on at least one additional probability (e.g., a second probability, a third probability, a fourth probability, and / or the like), as described herein.

[0111] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the thresholds described herein may be selectable. For example, each threshold may be set for each facility (e.g., a ward, hospital, and / or the like) based on preference data, industry standards, guidelines, any combination thereof, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments, a user (e.g., a facility administrator, a clinician, and / or the like) may input preference values ​​(e.g., for thresholds described herein) via user device 140, and preference data associated with such preference values ​​may be communicated to, for example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the configuration data may further include selection and / or adjustment of thresholds based on optimized configuration, e.g., balancing training of less experienced clinicians (e.g., new staff and / or the like), reducing the cost of vascular access device placement, increasing patient satisfaction, patient needle fear level, reducing patient pain, saving resources (e.g., additional clinicians and / or guidance systems), reducing time (e.g., from patient entry into facility and / or vascular access device / procedure order to placement of such vascular access device), patient emergency status, any combination thereof, and / or the like. For example, the optimized configuration may include weighting data and / or other formulas for the foregoing items and / or any combination thereof.

[0112] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, for illustrative purposes, the configuration data (e.g., optimization settings, and / or the like) may include and / or take into account the patient's level of needle fear, and a threshold for directing at least one intervention (e.g., a more experienced second clinician, specialist, and / or the like) may be selected to improve the probability of successful placement of a vascular access device (e.g., improved first stick success) for patients whose needle fear may significantly impact the patient's care experience and / or satisfaction (e.g., patient satisfaction score and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, as described herein, the degree to which patient fear and its potential impact on satisfaction is considered (e.g., weighting and / or the like) may be selected for each facility. Additionally or alternatively, the degree to which the potential impact on patient fear and satisfaction is considered (e.g., weighting and / or the like) may be selected based on retrospective analysis, and thresholds may be adjusted based on the retrospective analysis, for example, to understand how significantly the success of the first stick and / or the number of stick attempts impacts different patients who self-identify as having different levels of needle fear. Additionally or alternatively, the patient data may include documentation of negative feedback based on previous unsuccessful stick attempts and / or patient feedback on previous visits, to adjust the threshold for when at least one intervention is indicated.

[0113] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive guideline data associated with at least one recommended access point for each of at least one vascular access procedure. Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive vascular access device data associated with at least one vascular access device, cost data associated with consumables required for a placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device, any combination thereof, and / or the like. For example, the cost data may include a respective price for each vascular access device (e.g., catheters, needles, and / or the like), a price for consumables used with the vascular access device (e.g., alcohol swabs, chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) wipes, other antiseptic products, bandages, any combination thereof, and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate an instruction message indicating an instruction to place a first vascular access device at a first access point based on at least one first probability, at least one additional probability (e.g., a second probability, a third probability, a fourth probability, and / or the like), guideline data, vascular access device data, cost data, any combination thereof, and / or the like. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may determine which vascular access device, which access point, which clinician, which intervention(s), any combination thereof, and / or the like provides an increased (e.g., highest) probability of successful placement. For illustrative purposes, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may determine which clinician should attempt to place a vascular access device at a particular access point based on the clinician's handedness (e.g., left-handed or right-handed) and the clinician with an increased probability of successful placement on the respective side of the patient (e.g., left or right side).In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may further generate command messages based on timing, the period for which the type of vascular access device (e.g., catheter) is intended to be used (e.g., its lifespan, longevity, and / or the like), configuration data, any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0114] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one first predicted patient satisfaction rating for an attempt by the first clinician to place at least one vascular access device at at least one access point for the first patient based on patient data associated with the first patient and clinician data associated with the first clinician. Additionally or alternatively, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate an instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device based on the at least one first probability and the at least one first predicted patient satisfaction rating.

[0115] In certain non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one predicted cost for placement of at least one vascular access device (e.g., a predicted total cost of performing a stick under different conditions (e.g., access point(s), clinician(s), catheter type(s), intervention(s), guidance system(s), and / or the like)), at least one predicted time from when placement of the at least one vascular access device is indicated to successful placement of the at least one vascular access device (e.g., a predicted time to achieve catheter access based on each clinician (e.g., a first clinician, a second clinician, and / or the like)), and / or or the like), at least one first expected pain score for the patient during placement of the at least one vascular access device (e.g., based on each clinician (e.g., a first clinician, a second clinician, and / or the like) and / or the like), at least one second expected pain score for the patient after placement of the at least one vascular access device (e.g., based on each clinician (e.g., a first clinician, a second clinician, and / or the like) and / or the like), at least one difficulty score (e.g., a stick performance difficulty score, and / or the like) for placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point for the first patient, any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0116] In certain non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the disclosed subject matter (e.g., vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the like) may improve patient outcomes (e.g., reduced pain, increased satisfaction, reduced time, and / or the like) and reduce costs (e.g., reduced utilization of vascular access devices and / or associated consumables because the instructions tell the clinician how to perform the procedure with an improved probability of successful placement, resulting in less waste of such items). Additionally or alternatively, the disclosed subject matter may enable administrators and / or clinicians to evaluate the relative costs of having a more experienced clinician and / or specialist (e.g., a dedicated IV team member) intervene and / or use other interventions (e.g., a guidance system) compared to, for example, the cost of having the first clinician attempt placement of the vascular access device (e.g., use of materials that may be wasted if the clinician fails to achieve first-time success). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may be configured to automatically optimize costs based on such evaluations (e.g., using clinician salary data, vascular access device and / or guidance system cost data, and / or the like), and / or based on other clinician data (e.g., experience level, education level, etc.), configuration data (e.g., thresholds, and / or the like), any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, each facility may set a configuration value that balances the desire to increase the probability of successful placement (e.g., first stick success) in the short term with the desire to reduce costs by increasing clinician experience levels and / or having more experienced clinicians in the long term.

[0117] 3, in step 310, process 300 may include communicating an instruction message. For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may communicate an instruction message for placement of at least one vascular access device to user device 140 based on at least one first probability.

[0118] In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the user device 140 may generate (e.g., render, display, and / or the like) at least one graphical user interface (GUI). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the GUI may show at least one metric (e.g., performance metric) selected from: an average time from indication for placement of at least one vascular access device to successful placement of at least one vascular access device (e.g., time (e.g., minutes) for placement of a catheter by a clinician as a function of patient difficulty), a success rate of vascular access device placement as a function of patient difficulty (e.g., based on successful progress of the first stick and patient difficulty), a first average pain score during placement of at least one vascular access device as a function of patient difficulty, a second average pain score after placement of at least one vascular access device as a function of patient difficulty, average patient satisfaction, a summary of vascular access device placement (e.g., a detailed history of IV line placements for a patient), combinations thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, any (e.g., each) such metrics may be displayed as a function of time (e.g., for each selectable sub-period (e.g., daily, weekly, monthly, and / or the like) over a selectable period (e.g., days, weeks, months, and / or the like). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, these metrics (and / or a subset thereof) may be displayed for a selected clinician. Additionally or alternatively, these metrics (and / or a subset thereof) may be displayed for a selected facility (e.g., a ward, a hospital, and / or the like).Additionally or alternatively, these metrics (and / or a subset thereof) may be displayed along with corresponding metrics from at least one other facility (e.g., peer hospitals, all hospitals, a subset of hospitals (e.g., quartile of peer hospitals, median of peer hospitals, top or bottom half of peer hospitals, quartile of all hospitals, median of all hospitals, top or bottom half of all hospitals, and / or the like), any combination thereof, and / or the like).

[0119] In some non-limiting embodiments, the GUI may be web-based (e.g., viewable in a web browser on user device 140). Additionally or alternatively, the GUI may be app-based (e.g., viewable using an application on user device 140, such as a personal computer (PC) application, a tablet application, a mobile phone application, any combination thereof, and / or the like).

[0120] 3 , in step 312, process 300 may include receiving input data based on, for example, a placement attempt of a vascular access device(s). For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive input data (e.g., vascular access attempt data) based on a placement attempt of at least one vascular access device at at least one access point of a first patient by a first clinician. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the input data (e.g., vascular access attempt data) may be entered via user device 140 (e.g., by a clinician and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the input data (e.g., vascular access attempt data) may be received automatically, for example, via reader device 120. For example, reader device 120 may detect at least one of clinician identification device 110 (e.g., based on receiving clinician identification data from clinician identification device 110 as described herein), patient identification device 112 (e.g., based on receiving patient identification data from patient identification device 112 as described herein), vascular access device identification device 104 (e.g., based on receiving vascular access device identification data from vascular access device identification device 104 as described herein), any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, reader device 120 may communicate such data with vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132 as described herein.In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, medical device identification device 104 may generate a signal (e.g., that may be detected by reader device 120 and / or communicated from reader device 120 to vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132) upon opening of the vascular access device packaging and / or protective cover(s), and input data (e.g., data of the vascular access attempt) may be recorded (e.g., by vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132) based on receiving the signal. Additionally or alternatively, reader device 120 may receive clinician identification data from clinician identification device 110 and / or patient identification data from patient identification device 112 and / or communicate (e.g., via a signal) to vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132.

[0121] In certain non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the input data (e.g., vascular access attempt data) includes patient data updates associated with the first patient, clinician data updates associated with the first clinician, a side of the patient on which the at least one vascular access device placement attempt was performed, a first of the at least one access points on which the at least one vascular access device placement attempt was performed, visibility of the target vein at the at least one access point, expanded venous diameter of the target vein at the at least one access point, palpability of the target vein at the at least one access point, size of the at least one vascular access device, type of the at least one vascular access device, and a location of the at least one vascular access device. the number of placement attempts of the at least one vascular access device, an indication of whether the at least one placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device was successful, the time from when placement of the at least one vascular access device was indicated to the at least one placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device, an indication of whether at least one intervention for placement of the at least one vascular access device was used, the patient's level of fear of the at least one vascular access device placement attempt, the patient's first pain score during the at least one vascular access device placement attempt, the patient's second pain score after the at least one vascular access device placement attempt, a patient satisfaction score for the at least one vascular access device placement attempt, any combination thereof, and / or the like.

[0122] Referring now to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a diagram of an exemplary implementation 400 of a non-limiting embodiment related to process 300 shown in FIG. 3. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, one or more steps of implementation 400 may be performed (e.g., fully, partially, and / or similarly) by vascular access device placement modeling system 130 (e.g., one or more devices of vascular access device placement modeling system 130). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, one or more steps of implementation 400 may be performed (e.g., fully, partially, and / or similarly) by another system, device, group of systems, or group of devices separate from or including vascular access device placement modeling system 130, such as medical device 102, medical device identification device 104, clinician identification device 110, patient identification device 112, reader device 120, database 132, user device 140, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments, the vascular access device may be the same as or similar to medical device 102.

[0123] 4, in step 402, implementation 400 may include receiving clinician data (e.g., associated with multiple clinicians) as described herein. For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive (e.g., retrieve) the clinician data from database 132 as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the clinician data may be entered (e.g., via user device 140), and such data may be communicated to vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132 as described herein.

[0124] 4 , in step 404, implementation 400 may include linking vascular access device placement modeling system 130 to at least one database 132, as described herein. For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may be connected to network 150 and / or may be directly connected to database(s) 132. Additionally or alternatively, database(s) 132 may be connected to network 150 and / or may be directly connected to vascular access device placement modeling system 130. In some non-limiting embodiments, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may be granted access to database(s) 132 and / or data stored therein.

[0125] 4, in step 406, the implementation 400 may include receiving configuration data (e.g., facility-specific configuration data). For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive (e.g., retrieve) the configuration data from the database 132, as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the configuration data may be entered (e.g., via the user device 140), and such data may be communicated to the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database 132, as described herein.

[0126] 4, in step 408, the implementation 400 may include a patient (e.g., a first patient) entering a facility (e.g., a hospital, a ward, and / or the like). For example, the patient may be provided with a (first) patient identification device 112.

[0127] 4, at step 410, the implementation 400 may include receiving patient data. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive (e.g., obtain) the patient data from the database 132 (e.g., based on patient identification data received from the patient identification device 112 via the reader device 120), as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the patient data may be entered (e.g., via the user device 140), and such data may be communicated to the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database 132, as described herein.

[0128] As shown in FIG. 4 , in step 412, the implementation 400 may include assigning a clinician (e.g., a first clinician) to the patient. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may automatically assign the first clinician to the first patient (e.g., based on schedule data associated with each clinician's schedule of the multiple clinicians). Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive (first) clinician identification data from the (first) clinician identification device 110 (e.g., via the reader device 120) and / or automatically determine that the first clinician has been assigned to the first patient based on receipt of the first clinician identification data. Additionally or alternatively, the first clinician identification data may be entered (e.g., via the user device 140), and such data may be communicated to the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database 132 to indicate that the first clinician has been assigned to the first patient.

[0129] 4, the implementation 400 may include clinically evaluating the (first) patient at step 414. For example, a first clinician may perform a clinical evaluation of the first patient.

[0130] 4, in step 416, the implementation 400 may include receiving instructions for placement of a vascular access device for the first patient. For example, the first clinician may determine whether to prescribe placement of a vascular access device for the first patient based on a clinical evaluation. Additionally or alternatively, the first clinician may input instruction data associated with the instructions for placement of a vascular access device for the first patient (e.g., via the user device 140), and such data may be communicated to the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database 132.

[0131] 4, in step 418, the implementation 400 may include determining whether the first patient is an emergency. For example, the first clinician may determine whether the first patient is an emergency based on a clinical assessment. Additionally or alternatively, the first clinician may enter emergency data associated with the first patient being an emergency (e.g., via the user device 140), and such data may be communicated to the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database 132.

[0132] If the first patient is determined to be emergency, as shown in FIG. 4 , in step 420, implementation 400 may include identifying an access point for the patient and / or attempting to place a vascular access device. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive (e.g., obtain) access point data, vascular access device data, guideline data, cost data, configuration data, any combination thereof, and / or the like from database 132, as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate an instruction message indicating an instruction to place the first vascular access device at the first access point based on the guideline data, vascular access device data, cost data, configuration data, any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein, and the instruction message may be communicated (e.g., to user device 140 and / or the like) as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the first clinician may manually identify at least one access point for the patient (e.g., based on and / or as part of a clinical evaluation). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, a first clinician may attempt to place a vascular access device (eg, a first vascular access device) at an identified access point on the patient.

[0133] 4, in step 422, the implementation 400 may include receiving data associated with a vascular access device placement attempt, as described herein. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive access point data, vascular access device data, vascular access attempt data, intervention data, time data, any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the data associated with the vascular access device placement attempt may be entered (e.g., via the user device 140), and such data may be communicated to the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132, as described herein.

[0134] 4, if the first patient is not determined to be urgent, in step 424, the implementation 400 may include receiving access point data as described herein. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive the patient's access point data as described herein (e.g., may obtain at least some of the access point data from the database 132 and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the access point data may be entered (e.g., via the user device 140), and such data may be communicated to the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database 132 as described herein.

[0135] 4, in step 426, the implementation 400 may include determining an access point (e.g., a first access point of a plurality of access points) as described herein. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive (e.g., obtain) access point data, vascular access device data, guideline data, cost data, configuration data, any combination thereof, and / or the like from the database 132 as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may determine the first access point based on the guideline data, vascular access device data, cost data, configuration data, any combination thereof, and / or the like as described herein. For example, the first access point (e.g., target vein and / or the like) for a particular vascular access procedure may be determined based on long-term outcomes associated with the first access point (e.g., based on access point data, guideline data, and / or the like), the long-term need to maintain access at the first access point (e.g., based on access point data, guideline data, and / or the like), settings for the facility (e.g., based on configuration data, access point data, vascular access device data, guideline data, cost data, any combination thereof, and / or the like), any combination thereof, and / or the like. For illustrative purposes, the configuration data may indicate settings for a more distal access point if such access point is sufficient for the long-term outcomes and the long-term need to maintain access.

[0136] 4 , in step 428, the implementation 400 may include generating at least one first probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the first access point of the first patient by the first clinician, as described herein. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate the at least one first probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the first access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, vascular access device data associated with each of the at least one vascular access device, access point data associated with the first access point, any combination thereof, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments, the first probability of successful placement of the vascular access device may include a probability of successful placement of the vascular access device in a first attempt to place the vascular access device (e.g., a first stick).

[0137] 4, in step 430, the implementation 400 may include determining whether at least one first probability satisfies a threshold value, as described herein. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may determine whether each first probability satisfies a threshold value. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the threshold value may be determined based on (e.g., configured based on, and / or similar to) configuration data, as described herein.

[0138] If at least one first probability meets a threshold, as shown in FIG. 4 , in step 432, implementation 400 may include instructing the first access point to attempt placement of the first vascular access device and / or attempting placement of the first vascular access device, as described herein. For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate an instruction message indicating an instruction for placement of the first vascular access device at the first access point based on the first probability, guideline data, vascular access device data, cost data, configuration data, any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein, and / or the instruction message may be communicated (e.g., to a user device and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, the first clinician may attempt to place the first vascular access device (e.g., a first type of vascular access device) at the patient's first access point.

[0139] If the at least one first probability does not meet the threshold, as shown in FIG. 4 , in step 434, the implementation 400 may include generating at least one additional probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device using at least one intervention as described herein. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one additional probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device using at least one intervention as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one second probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the first access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, guidance data associated with the at least one guidance system, any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one third probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the first access point on the first patient by the second clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the second clinician, any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one fourth probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the first access point on the first patient by the second clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the second clinician, guidance data associated with the at least one guidance system, any combination thereof, and / or the like.In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, each probability of successful placement of the vascular access device (e.g., second probability, third probability, fourth probability, and / or the like) may include a probability of successful placement of the vascular access device in a first attempt (e.g., first stick) to place the vascular access device.

[0140] 4, in step 436, the implementation 400 may include ordering a first access point for attempting placement of a first vascular access device, and / or at least one intervention for such placement attempt, as described herein. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate an instruction message indicating an instruction to place the first vascular access device at the first access point using at least one intervention (a second clinician, a guidance system, any combination thereof, and / or the like) based on the first probability, at least one additional probability (e.g., a second probability, a third probability, a fourth probability, and / or the like), guideline data, vascular access device data, cost data, configuration data, any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein, and / or the instruction message may be communicated (e.g., to a user device 140 and / or the like) as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate an instruction message indicating an order for placement of the first vascular access device at the first access point by the first clinician (e.g., without any intervention because the at least one additional probability is not sufficiently higher than the first probability) based on the first probability, at least one additional probability (e.g., a second probability, a third probability, a fourth probability, and / or the like), guideline data, vascular access device data, cost data, configuration data, any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein, and / or the instruction message may be communicated (e.g., to the user device 140 and / or the like) as described herein.

[0141] 4, in step 438, the implementation 400 may include attempting to place a first vascular access device (e.g., a first type of vascular access device) at a first access point on the patient. For example, the first clinician and / or the second clinician may attempt to place the first vascular access device (e.g., a first type of vascular access device) at the first access point on the patient based on the instruction message, as described herein.

[0142] 4, in step 440, the implementation 400 may include receiving data associated with a vascular access device placement attempt, as described herein. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive access point data, vascular access device data, vascular access attempt data, intervention data, time data, any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the data associated with the vascular access device placement attempt may be entered (e.g., via the user device 140), and such data may be communicated to the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132, as described herein.

[0143] Referring now to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a diagram of an exemplary implementation 500 of a non-limiting embodiment related to process 300 shown in FIG. 3. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, one or more steps of implementation 500 may be performed (e.g., fully, partially, and / or similarly) by vascular access device placement modeling system 130 (e.g., one or more devices of vascular access device placement modeling system 130). In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, one or more steps of implementation 500 may be performed (e.g., fully, partially, and / or similarly) by another system, device, group of systems, or group of devices separate from or including vascular access device placement modeling system 130, such as medical device 102, medical device identification device 104, clinician identification device 110, patient identification device 112, reader device 120, database 132, user device 140, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments, the vascular access device may be the same as or similar to medical device 102.

[0144] 5 , in step 502, the implementation 500 may include configuring the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database(s) 132. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database(s) 132 may receive (e.g., obtained, received, and / or similarly as input from a user device 140) clinician data, as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database(s) 132 may receive (e.g., obtained, received, and / or similarly as input from a user device 140) other data, such as patient data, configuration data, scheduling data, clinician identification data, patient identification data, vascular access device identification data, access point data, vascular access device data, guideline data, cost data, vascular access attempt data (e.g., vascular access attempt history data), intervention data, guidance data, time data, any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may be connected to network 150 and / or may be directly connected to database(s) 132. Additionally or alternatively, database(s) 132 may be connected to network 150 and / or may be directly connected to vascular access device placement modeling system 130. In some non-limiting embodiments, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may be granted access to database(s) 132 and / or the data stored therein.

[0145] 5, in step 504, the implementation 500 may include receiving patient data. For example, a first patient may enter a facility and / or be admitted to the facility. Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive (e.g., retrieve) the patient data from the database 132 (e.g., based on patient identification data received from the patient identification device 112 via the reader device 120), as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, at least some patient data may be entered (e.g., via the user device 140), and such data may be communicated to the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database 132, as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the (first) patient may be provided with the (first) patient identification device 112.

[0146] 5, in step 506, implementation 500 may include determining that a first patient requires a vascular access device and / or a vascular access procedure. For example, a first clinician may be assigned to the first patient, and / or the first clinician may perform a clinical evaluation of the first patient. Additionally or alternatively, the first clinician may determine whether to prescribe placement of a vascular access device for the first patient based on the clinical evaluation. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the first clinician may input prescription data associated with instructions for placement of a vascular access device for the first patient (e.g., via user device 140), and such data may be communicated to vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132.

[0147] 5, at step 508, implementation 500 may include receiving access point data as described herein. For example, vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive the patient's access point data as described herein (e.g., obtain at least some of the access point data from database 132 and / or the like). Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the access point data may be entered (e.g., via user device 140), and such data may be communicated to vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132 as described herein. For example, a first clinician may evaluate at least some of the access points of a first patient and enter the associated access point data into user device 140, and user device 140 may communicate such data to vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132, as described herein.

[0148] 5, in step 510, the implementation 500 may include providing (e.g., generating and / or communicating) an instruction message indicating an instruction to place a first vascular access device at a first access point on a first patient. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one first probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the first access point on the first patient by the first clinician based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, and / or the like, as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate at least one additional probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device using at least one intervention, as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate an instruction message indicating an instruction to place the first vascular access device at the first access point based on the first probability, guideline data, vascular access device data, cost data, configuration data, any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may generate an instruction message indicating an instruction to place the first vascular access device at the first access point using at least one intervention (e.g., a second clinician, a guidance system, any combination thereof, and / or the like) based on the first probability, at least one additional probability (e.g., a second probability, a third probability, a fourth probability, and / or the like), guideline data, vascular access device data, cost data, configuration data, any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may communicate the instruction message (e.g., to a user device 140 and / or the like) as described herein.

[0149] As shown in FIG. 5 , in step 512, the implementation 500 may include attempting to place a first vascular access device (e.g., a first type of vascular access device) at a first access point on the patient. For example, the first clinician and / or the second clinician may attempt to place the first vascular access device (e.g., a first type of vascular access device) at the first access point on the patient based on an instruction message as described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the result(s) of the vascular access device placement attempt may be documented. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive data associated with the vascular access device placement attempt as described herein. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may receive access point data, vascular access device data, vascular access attempt data, intervention data, time data, any combination thereof, and / or the like as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the data associated with the vascular access device placement attempt may be entered (e.g., by the first clinician and / or the second clinician via the user device 140), and such data may be communicated to the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132, as described herein.

[0150] 5, in step 514, the implementation 500 may include updating based on received data associated with the vascular access device placement attempt. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or database 132 may store such data, for example, for use in future decisions (e.g., generating probabilities as described herein) and / or for use in future instructions (e.g., generating instruction messages as described herein).

[0151] 5, in step 516, the implementation 500 may include determining performance metrics. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may determine performance metrics for at least one of a clinician, a facility (e.g., a ward, a hospital, a building, and / or the like), any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein.

[0152] 5, in step 518, the implementation 500 may include using the updated data (e.g., the most recent / latest stored by the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database 132) for future instructions. For example, the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 may use the updated data for at least one future determination (e.g., generating at least one probability of successful placement of the vascular access device at the patient access point, as described herein) and / or for generating at least one instruction message (e.g., generating an instruction message for the vascular access device placement modeling system 130 and / or the database 132, as described herein).

[0153] 6A-6D, which are screenshots of exemplary graphical user interfaces 600a-600d of non-limiting embodiments associated with process 300 shown in FIG. 3. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, one or more of graphical user interfaces 600a-600d may be displayed (e.g., completely, partially, and / or similarly) by user device 140. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, one or more of graphical user interfaces 600a-600d may be displayed (e.g., completely, partially, and / or similarly) by another system, device, group of systems, or group of devices separate from or including user device 140, such as reader device 120, vascular access device placement modeling system 130, database 132, and / or the like.

[0154] 6A , in some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, graphical user interface 600a may include patient identification data, such as an image of the patient's face, the patient's name, the patient's date of birth, any combination thereof, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, graphical user interface 600a may include the patient's diagnostic data, the patient's expected length of stay (LOS) data, the patient's BMI data, any combination thereof, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, graphical user interface 600a may include other patient data (e.g., historical patient data), such as a history of vascular access device placement attempts for the patient's current encounter (e.g., “IV Access History (Current Encounter)”), difficult intravenous access (DIVA) and / or difficult venous access (DVA) data for the patient (e.g., “DVA Patient”), central venous catheter (CVC) history for the patient (“CVC History”), peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) history for the patient (“PIVC History”), any combination thereof, and / or the like. For example, the history of vascular access device placement attempts for a patient's current visit may include a diagram showing failed placement attempts of vascular access devices (e.g., a "Failed stick" indicated by a first icon having a first color (e.g., an X)), failed vascular access devices (e.g., a "Failed PIVC" indicated by a second icon having a second color (e.g., a black circle)), and successful placement of at least one vascular access device (e.g., a "Successful stick" indicated by a third icon having a third color (e.g., an open circle)).Additionally or alternatively, the DVA data for the patient may include the failure rate of vascular access devices (e.g., PIVCs and / or the like) during the current visit, the failure rate of vascular access devices during the patient's entire medical history (e.g., across all visits), the average dwell time of each vascular access device, any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the CVC history for the patient may include an indication of whether the patient currently has a CVC and / or whether they have ever had a CVC. Additionally or alternatively, the PIVC history for the patient may include at least one chart showing the dwell time of each vascular access device (e.g., PIVC and / or the like) and / or the reason for its removal.

[0155] As shown in FIG. 6B , graphical user interface 600b may include patient data, such as historical data associated with vascular access device placement attempts for the patient (e.g., “Patient IV Access History”). For example, the patient data may include data associated with DVA history (“Difficult Venous Access History”), reasons for failed vascular access devices (e.g., “Reasons for Failed PIVCS”), any combination thereof, and / or the like. In some non-limiting embodiments or aspects, the DVA history may include the average number of vascular access device placement attempts per patient visit (e.g., “Average Stick Attempts”), the average dwell time of each failed vascular access device (e.g., “Average Dwell Time of Failed PIVCs”), the percentage of vascular access device placement attempts that used at least one guidance system (e.g., “% Previous Sticks with Ultrasound”), the percentage of vascular access device placement attempts that used a specialist, such as a member of an IV team or an experienced clinician (e.g., “% Previous Sticks with Specialist”), any combination thereof, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the data associated with the reasons for failed vascular access devices may indicate the number of such vascular access devices that failed for each possible reason for failure (e.g., dislodgement, infiltration / extravasation, occlusion, infection, other (e.g., patient complaint), any combination thereof, and / or the like).

[0156] As shown in FIG. 6C, the graphical user interface 600c may include performance metrics for at least one of a clinician, a facility (e.g., a ward, and / or the like), any combination thereof, and / or the like, as described herein.

[0157] As shown in FIG. 6D, the graphical user interface 600d may include performance metrics for at least one facility (e.g., a hospital and / or the like) and / or the like, as described herein.

[0158] While the disclosed subject matter has been described in detail for purposes of illustration based on what are presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments or aspects, it should be understood that such detail is for that purpose only, and that the disclosed subject matter is not limited to the disclosed embodiments or aspects, but on the contrary, is intended to embrace modifications and equivalent arrangements within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. For example, it should be understood that the presently disclosed means contemplate that, to the extent possible, one or more features of any embodiment or aspect can be combined with one or more features of any other embodiment or aspect.

Claims

1. 1. A method for placement of a vascular access device, comprising: receiving, by at least one processor, clinician data associated with at least one clinician, the at least one clinician including a first clinician; receiving, by at least one processor, patient data associated with at least one patient, the at least one patient including a first patient; generating, by at least one processor, at least one first probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at at least one access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on the patient data associated with the first patient and the clinician data associated with the first clinician; and communicating, by at least one processor, an instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device to a user device based on the at least one first probability.

2. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the clinician data includes at least one of: years of experience, handedness, level of training, years of degree, whether the clinician is a member of an intravenous (IV) team, salary, number of vascular access device placement attempts, number of successful placements of the vascular access devices, number of attempts per successful placement of each vascular access device, number of placement attempts of the vascular access device per patient, success rate of vascular access device placement, access point for each placement attempt of the vascular access device, number of successful placements of the vascular access device per selectable sub-period over a selectable period of time, whether at least one guidance system was used for each placement attempt of the vascular access device, whether the at least one guidance system was used for each successful placement of the vascular access device, or any combination thereof.

3. The patient data may include height, weight, body mass index (BMI), sex, handedness, handedness side, current diagnosis code, one or more comorbidity diagnosis codes, history of intravenous (IV) treatment, skin pallor, skin shading, whether the patient has tremors or other involuntary movement disorders, whether the patient has a condition requiring restraints or sedation, classification as difficult intravenous access (DIVA) or adult difficult intravenous access (A-DIVA), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification, whether the patient is a candidate for unplanned surgery, whether the patient fasted preoperatively, palpability of a target vein at the at least one access point, visibility of a target vein at the at least one access point, a known history of difficult peripheral venous cannulation, a dilated vein diameter less than a selectable threshold, the size of the vascular access device, and a history of preoperative fasting.

10. The method of claim 1, comprising at least one of: at least one available access point on at least one limb of the patient; whether the patient has at least one vascular disease; whether the patient has preoperative hypovolemia; whether the patient has renal failure; the patient's level of fear of needles; a measure of the difficulty of maintaining peripheral IV access after each vascular access device is placed; a number of vascular access device placement attempts for the patient; a number of successful placements of the vascular access devices for the patient; a number of attempts per successful placement of each vascular access device for the patient; a success rate of vascular access device placement for the patient; an access point for each placement attempt of the vascular access device for the patient; or any combination thereof.

4. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the at least one first probability comprises generating the at least one first probability using a neural network model, the neural network model comprising at least one neural network trained based on clinician history data associated with a plurality of clinicians and patient history data associated with a plurality of patients.

5. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising, prior to generating the at least one first probability, training, by at least one processor, the at least one neural network of the neural network model based on the clinician historical data and the patient historical data.

6. receiving, by at least one processor, first patient access point data associated with the at least one access point for the first patient; 2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the at least one first probability comprises generating the at least one first probability based on patient data associated with the first patient, clinician data associated with the first clinician, and first patient access point data.

7. the at least one clinician includes a plurality of clinicians including the first clinician, the at least one patient includes a plurality of patients including the first patient, and the method further comprises: receiving, by at least one processor, first clinician identification data associated with the first clinician of the plurality of clinicians; The method of claim 1 , further comprising receiving, by at least one processor, first patient identification data associated with the first patient of the plurality of patients.

8. receiving, by at least one processor, guideline data associated with at least one recommended access point for each of at least one vascular access procedure; receiving, by at least one processor, vascular access device data associated with the at least one vascular access device and cost data associated with consumables required for a placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: generating, by at least one processor, the instruction message indicating an instruction to place a first vascular access device of the at least one vascular access device at a first access point of the at least one access point based on the at least one first probability, the guideline data, the vascular access device data, and the cost data.

9. before communicating said command message; determining, by at least one processor, that the at least one first probability satisfies a threshold; 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: generating, by at least one processor, an instruction message indicating an instruction to the first clinician to place the at least one vascular access device at a first one of the at least one access points based on the at least one first probability satisfying the threshold.

10. before communicating said command message; determining, with at least one processor, that the first probability does not satisfy a threshold; generating, by the at least one processor, the instruction message indicating an instruction for at least one intervention for placement of the at least one vascular access device based on the at least one first probability not satisfying the threshold; 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one intervention includes at least one of a second clinician for placement of the vascular access device, at least one guidance system for placement of the vascular access device, or any combination thereof.

11. Before generating the command message: at least one second probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point on the first patient by the first clinician based on the patient data associated with the first patient, the clinician data associated with the first clinician, and guidance data associated with at least one guidance system; at least one third probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by a second one of the at least one clinician based on the patient data associated with the first patient and the clinician data associated with the second clinician; or at least one fourth probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient by the second clinician based on the patient data associated with the first patient, the clinician data associated with the second clinician, and the guidance data associated with at least one guidance system; The method of claim 10 , further comprising generating at least one of:

12. generating, by at least one processor, at least one first predicted patient satisfaction score for an attempt by the first clinician to place the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point for the first patient based on the patient data associated with the first patient and the clinician data associated with the first clinician; generating the instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device based on the at least one first probability and the at least one first predicted patient satisfaction rate; 2. The method of claim 1, wherein communicating the instruction message comprises communicating the instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device to the user device based on the at least one first probability and the at least one first predicted patient satisfaction rate.

13. and further comprising receiving, by the at least one processor, input data based on an attempt by the first clinician to place the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point of the first patient, the input data comprising: updating the patient data associated with the first patient; updating the clinician data associated with the first clinician; a side of the patient on which the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device was performed; a first access point of the at least one access point at which the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device was performed; visibility of the target vein at the at least one access point; a dilated venous diameter of the target vein at the at least one access point; palpability of the target vein at the at least one access point; the size of the at least one vascular access device; a type of said at least one vascular access device; the number of placement attempts of the at least one vascular access device; an indication of whether the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device was successful; the time from when placement of the at least one vascular access device is indicated to when the placement of the at least one vascular access device is attempted; an indication of whether at least one intervention for placement of the at least one vascular access device was used; the patient's level of fear of attempting the placement of the at least one vascular access device; a first pain score of the patient during the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; a second pain score for the patient after the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; a patient satisfaction score for the placement attempt of the at least one vascular access device; or any combination thereof.

14. by at least one processor, at least one projected cost for placement of the at least one vascular access device; at least one expected time from when placement of the at least one vascular access device is indicated to the successful placement of the at least one vascular access device; at least one first predicted pain score for the patient during placement of the at least one vascular access device; at least one second predicted pain score for the patient after placement of the at least one vascular access device; At least one difficulty score for placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one access point for the first patient; or The method of claim 1 , further comprising generating at least one of:

15. further comprising generating, by the at least one processor, at least one graphical user interface (GUI), wherein the at least one graphical user interface comprises: an average time from when placement of the at least one vascular access device is indicated to the successful placement of the at least one vascular access device as a function of patient difficulty; the success rate of placement of a vascular access device as a function of difficulty of said patient; a first average pain score during placement of the at least one vascular access device as a function of patient difficulty; a second mean pain score following placement of the at least one vascular access device as a function of patient difficulty; average patient satisfaction score; An overview of the placement of a vascular access device; or The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises at least one of:

16. at least one clinician identification device, including a first clinician identification device associated with a first clinician; at least one patient identification device, including a first patient identification device associated with a first patient; at least one vascular access device, each vascular access device including an associated vascular access device identification device; at least one reader device configured to communicate with the at least one clinician identification device, the at least one patient identification device, and each vascular access device identification device, the reader device being connected to a communications network; at least one user device connected to a communications network; at least one database connected to the communication network, storing clinician data associated with a plurality of clinicians, the plurality of clinicians including the first clinician; storing patient data associated with a plurality of patients, the plurality of patients including the first patient, the patient data for the first patient including access point data associated with at least one access point of the first patient; and storing vascular access device data associated with a plurality of vascular access devices, the plurality of vascular access devices including the at least one vascular access device; the at least one database configured to: a vascular access device placement modeling system connected to the communication network, receiving first clinician identification data associated with the first clinician from the first clinician identification device via the reader device; receiving first patient identification data associated with the first patient from the first patient identification device via the reader device; receiving, via the reader device, vascular access device identification data associated with at least one vascular access device from the vascular access device identification device associated with each of the at least one vascular access device; obtaining the clinician data associated with the first clinician from the at least one database; obtaining the patient data associated with the first patient from the at least one database; obtaining, from the at least one database, the vascular access device data associated with each of the at least one vascular access device; generating at least one first probability of successful placement of the at least one vascular access device at the at least one vascular access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on the patient data associated with the first patient, the clinician data associated with the first clinician, and the vascular access device data associated with each of the at least one vascular access device; and communicating an instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device to the at least one user device based on the at least one first probability. a vascular access device placement modeling system configured to: A system including:

17. The system of claim 16 , wherein the at least one user device includes the reader device.

18. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein at least one server comprises the at least one database and the vascular access device deployment modeling system.

19. the at least one user device receiving as input at least one of the clinician data, the patient data, the vascular access device data, or any combination thereof; and 17. The system of claim 16, configured to communicate the input to the at least one database.

20. When executed by at least one processor, the at least one processor; receiving clinician data associated with at least one clinician, the at least one clinician including a first clinician; receiving patient data associated with at least one patient, the at least one patient including a first patient; generating at least one first probability of successful placement of at least one vascular access device at at least one access point of the first patient by the first clinician based on the patient data associated with the first patient and the clinician data associated with the first clinician; and communicating an instruction message for placement of the at least one vascular access device to a user device based on the at least one first probability; A non-transitory computer-readable medium having recorded thereon a computer program including one or more instructions for causing the computer to operate in a manner that:

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