Breathable waterproof sheets and civil engineering block mats

Abstract

To provide an air-permeable waterproof sheet and a civil engineering block mat capable of maintaining good air-permeable waterproof performance of the air-permeable waterproof sheet by reducing the breaking elongation of the air-permeable waterproof sheet. [Solution] A three-layered air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 used in revetment work, in which a reinforcing protective layer 30 made of nonwoven fabric is covered and fixed to one side of an air-permeable waterproof layer 20, and a protective layer 40 made of nonwoven fabric is covered and fixed to the other side of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20, and the base material 31 of the reinforcing protective layer 30 contains reinforcing threads 32 to give the reinforcing protective layer 30 an elongation-inhibiting function, and the elongation-inhibiting function of the reinforcing protective layer suppresses elongation deformation of the air-permeable waterproof layer.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a breathable waterproof sheet and a civil engineering block mat used in revetment works and the like. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART A civil engineering block mat is known in which a large number of concrete blocks are arranged and fixed at intervals on the upper surface of a band-shaped filter sheet (Patent Documents 1 to 3). The civil engineering block mat has a filter sheet made of a nonwoven fabric material that is air-permeable and water-permeable, allowing rainwater and other water to penetrate. On the other hand, it is known that when heavy rainfall penetrates into river levees and the water level of the river rises, the pressure of the interstitial air inside the levees increases, causing the interstitial air to erupt from the surface of the levees, weakening the levees.

[0003] A known method for preventing the weakening of levees is to cover the surface of the levee body with a breathable waterproof sheet. The breathable waterproof sheet covering the surface of the embankment has both a waterproof function that prevents rain from seeping in and a breathable function that quickly expels air from the gaps inside the embankment. Patent Document 4 discloses a breathable waterproof sheet having a three-layer structure in which both sides of a breathable waterproof layer are covered with protective layers made of needle-punched nonwoven fabric. This air-permeable waterproof sheet is laid alone on the surface of a bank body or the like, and then the surface of the air-permeable waterproof sheet is protected by covering it with soil or placing additional protective blocks on it. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 57-81510 [Patent Document 2] Jikko No. 51-9135 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-16607 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-184776 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Conventional dam covering technologies involve the following problems that need to be solved: <1> When a waterproof sheet is used, water can be stopped, but the increase in pore air pressure within the embankment cannot be suppressed, increasing the possibility of the waterproof sheet bursting. <2> If the surface of the embankment is covered with a filter sheet that is permeable to both air and water, it is impossible to prevent the embankment from being weakened due to water infiltration into the embankment. <3> When the surface of the embankment is covered with an air-permeable waterproof sheet, the air-permeable waterproof sheet is flexible, so if there are irregularities on the surface of the embankment, the air-permeable waterproof sheet will be pulled and stretched to conform to the unevenness. If the breathable waterproof sheet is forcibly stretched, there is a risk that the breathable waterproof sheet will lose its breathable waterproof performance, which is its original function. <4> Because the breathable waterproof sheet has strength problems, it cannot be used in a form in which a plurality of concrete blocks are fixed to the sheet in advance, as in the case of a block mat for civil engineering.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a breathable waterproof sheet and a civil engineering block mat that can solve the above problems. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present invention relates to a three-layered air-permeable waterproof sheet used in revetment works, which has an air-permeable waterproof layer in the center, and a reinforcing protective layer covering one side of the air-permeable waterproof layer. The waterproof and breathable layer and the reinforcing protective layer are bonded to each other by spot adhesion. and fixed to the other side of the air-permeable waterproof layer. Made of long fibers Covered with a protective layer made of nonwoven fabric The waterproof layer and the protective layer are bonded to each other by spot adhesion. The base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer contains reinforcing threads to provide the reinforcing protective layer with an elongation suppressing function, and the protective layer cooperate to protect both sides of the air-permeable waterproof layer, The elongation deformation of the air-permeable waterproof layer was suppressed. In another embodiment of the present invention, the base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer is any one of a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, and a knitted fabric. In another embodiment of the present invention, reinforcing yarns are woven into the base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer. In another embodiment of the present invention, reinforcing yarns are woven into the base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer in a mesh shape by Russell knitting. In another embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcing yarn is mixed into the base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer. In another embodiment of the present invention, the base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer is a needle-punched nonwoven fabric or a spunbonded nonwoven fabric. In another embodiment of the present invention, the air-permeable waterproof layer, the reinforcing protective layer, and the protective layer are fixed together with a hot melt adhesive. In another embodiment of the present invention, the breathable waterproof layer is an SMS nonwoven fabric or a microporous membrane. The present invention relates to a civil engineering block mat used in revetment works, which is made by arranging and fixing a plurality of cast-in-place concrete blocks in a row on one side of a strip-shaped base fabric sheet, in which the base fabric sheet is one of the above-mentioned breathable waterproof sheets, and the mat is constructed by fixing a plurality of blocks to the surface of the reinforcing protective layer of the breathable waterproof sheet. In another embodiment of the present invention, when reinforcing yarn is woven into the reinforcing protective layer that constitutes the breathable waterproof sheet, loop-shaped fastening loops may be formed in a chain reaction, and the fastening loops may be embedded in the block body and fastened. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] The present invention has at least one of the following effects. <1> The air-permeable waterproof layer alone has low strength, so if tension is applied to the sheet when it is laid, excessive elongation occurs, impairing the air-permeable waterproof performance of the air-permeable waterproof layer. In the present invention, a reinforcing protective layer having an elongation suppressing function is laminated integrally on one side of the air-permeable waterproof layer. Furthermore, a protective layer made of nonwoven fabric made of long fibers is laminated integrally on the other side of the air-permeable waterproof layer. By doing so, These reinforcing and protective layers work together to This makes it possible to effectively suppress expansion and deformation of the air-permeable waterproof layer while protecting the air-permeable waterproof layer. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the breaking elongation of the air-permeable waterproof sheet and maintain good air-permeable waterproof performance of the air-permeable waterproof sheet. <2> When laying the air-permeable waterproof sheet on the surface of the revetment, even if a tensile force is applied when the sheet follows uneven ground, the tensile deformation of the air-permeable waterproof sheet can be suppressed, thereby preventing the penetration of rainwater, which is the original function of the air-permeable waterproof sheet, and venting the air in the gaps inside the revetment, thereby avoiding weakening of the revetment. <3> Since the tensile strength of the breathable waterproof sheet can be improved, it is now possible to use the breathable waterproof sheet, which has been difficult to use until now, as the base fabric sheet of a civil engineering block mat. Even when the breathable waterproof sheet is applied to the base fabric sheet of a civil engineering block mat, the breathable waterproof sheet can exhibit good breathable waterproof performance after installation. <4> Compared to laying the breathable waterproof sheet and blocks separately, by using a civil engineering block mat that integrates the breathable waterproof sheet and blocks, it is possible to lay them only once. This will significantly reduce the construction period for revetment works. <5> When the base fabric constituting the reinforcing protective layer is made of a needle-punched nonwoven fabric, the weaknesses of the needle-punched nonwoven fabric in terms of strength can be significantly improved by weaving reinforcing yarn into the needle-punched nonwoven fabric. <6> When the base fabric constituting the reinforcing protective layer is made of a spunbond nonwoven fabric, the strength of the air-permeable waterproof layer can be significantly increased by weaving reinforcing yarn into the spunbond nonwoven fabric. <7> When reinforcing threads are woven into the reinforcing protective layer that constitutes the breathable waterproof sheet, if loop-shaped fastening loops are formed in a chain using the reinforcing threads, the fastening loops can be embedded in the block body and fastened, thereby increasing the fastening strength between the reinforcing protective layer of the breathable waterproof sheet and the block. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a breathable waterproof sheet according to Example 1 of the present invention. [Figure 2A]Enlarged view of the surface side of the reinforcing protective layer that makes up the breathable waterproof sheet [Figure 2B] Enlarged view of the back side of the reinforcing protective layer that makes up the breathable waterproof sheet [Figure 3] Vertical cross section of the embankment with a breathable waterproof sheet laid [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a civil engineering block mat using a breathable waterproof sheet according to Example 2 of the present invention. [Figure 5] Longitudinal cross section of the embankment with civil engineering block mats laid DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. [Example]

[0011] <1> Overview of breathable waterproof sheets This will be explained with reference to FIG. The breathable waterproof sheet 10 according to the present invention is a civil engineering material used in revetment works. The breathable waterproof sheet 10 of the present invention has a three-layer structure comprising an breathable waterproof layer 20, a reinforcing protective layer 30 laminated on one side of the breathable waterproof layer 20, and a protective layer 40 laminated on the other side of the breathable waterproof layer 20. The thicknesses of the reinforcing protective layer 30 and the protective layer 40 can be selected as appropriate, but are dimensionally thicker than the thickness of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 . The constituent materials of the breathable waterproof sheet 10 will be explained in detail below. For the purpose of explanation, the reinforcing protective layer 30 side will be defined as the front side of the breathable waterproof sheet 10, and the protective layer 40 side will be defined as the back side of the breathable waterproof sheet 10.

[0012] <2> Breathable waterproof layer The air-permeable waterproof layer 20 is a sheet that has both air permeability and waterproof properties, and is made of, for example, a laminated nonwoven fabric such as an SMS nonwoven fabric or a microporous film (a film with many fine pores). For practical purposes, an SMS nonwoven fabric in which spunbond, meltblown and spunbond are laminated in this order is suitable.

[0013] The air permeability and water permeability coefficient of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 can be changed as appropriate. The air-permeable waterproof layer 20 has a water permeability coefficient of, for example, 1×10 -9 cm / sec~1×10 -4 A sheet of cm / sec can be used.

[0014] <3> Reinforced protective layer The reinforcing protective layer 30 is a functional layer that has both the function of protecting the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 and the function of inhibiting the expansion of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20, and is made up of a base material 31 and reinforcing threads 32 woven throughout the base material 31. The thickness of the reinforcing protective layer 30 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the thickness be set to, for example, 0.10 mm or more and 10.0 mm or less.

[0015] <3.1> Reasons for laminating a reinforcing protective layer on the breathable waterproof layer The air-permeable waterproof layer 20 has low strength when used alone, and is therefore subject to significant damage if excessive stretching occurs during installation.

[0016] Therefore, in the present invention, a reinforcing protective layer 30 having an elongation suppression function is laminated integrally to one side of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20, thereby protecting the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 while suppressing the elongation deformation of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20. In other words, the reason for combining the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 with the reinforcing protective layer 30 is to reduce the breaking elongation of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 so as not to lose the air-permeable waterproof performance.

[0017] <3.2> Base fabric In this example, an embodiment in which the substrate 31 is a nonwoven fabric will be described. The substrate 31 may be, for example, a needle-punched nonwoven fabric produced by entangling the fibers by passing a large number of needles through a web produced by overlapping short, thin thread-like fibers. The substrate 31 is not limited to a needle-punched nonwoven fabric, but may also be a spunbond nonwoven fabric.

[0018] The thickness of the base material 31 can be selected as appropriate, but is thicker than the thickness of the breathable waterproof layer 20 .

[0019] <3.3> Reinforcing thread In the present invention, in order to increase the breaking elongation of the base material 31, the base material 31 is woven with strong reinforcing yarns 32. That is, in order to impart an elongation suppressing function to the reinforcing protective layer 30, the reinforcing threads 32 are woven into the base material 31. As the reinforcing threads 32, multifilament threads such as polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, and aramid can be used.

[0020] When the base material 31 is made of needle-punched nonwoven fabric, the needle-punched nonwoven fabric has excellent breathability and heat retention, but on the other hand, it has characteristics such as low strength and high breaking elongation. However, by weaving in reinforcing yarn 32, the strength weaknesses of the needle-punched nonwoven fabric can be improved.

[0021] When the base material 31 is made of a spunbond nonwoven fabric, the spunbond nonwoven fabric is made of continuous long fibers and therefore has high tensile strength, so by weaving in the reinforcing yarn 32, the strength of the spunbond nonwoven fabric is further increased.

[0022] <3.4> Method of weaving reinforcing thread Using a Russell machine, the reinforcing threads 32 can be woven into the substrate 31 in a mesh shape by Russell knitting. FIG. 2A shows the front surface of a reinforcing protective layer 30 in which reinforcing threads 32 are woven into a substrate 31, and FIG. 2B shows the back surface of the reinforcing protective layer 30. By weaving reinforcing threads 32 through the front and back surfaces of the base material 31, the defects of the base material 31 can be improved while maintaining good air permeability, and a nonwoven fabric with high strength and low elongation can be produced.

[0023] <3.5> Amount of reinforcing thread braided The amount of the reinforcing threads 32 woven into the base material 31 can be appropriately selected according to the desired elongation of the reinforcing protective layer 30 so that the waterproof function of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 is not lost. The breaking elongation of the breathable waterproof sheet 10 decreases in proportion to the weaving amount (basis weight) of the reinforcing yarn 32.

[0024] <4> protective layer The protective layer 40 is laminated on the other side of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 and is a long-fiber nonwoven fabric that functions as a protective member for the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 .

[0025] The protective layer 40 is made of a spunbond nonwoven fabric in which polymer threads are deposited in a net shape and bonded together in a sheet shape. Spunbond nonwoven fabrics are made of continuous long fibers and therefore have properties such as high tensile strength and excellent durability. The protective layer 40 does not include reinforcing threads like the reinforcing protective layer 30 described above.

[0026] The thickness of the protective layer 40 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the thickness be set to, for example, 0.15 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

[0027] <5> Joining means for each layer The layers 20, 30, and 40 that make up the breathable waterproof sheet 10 are joined together by spot bonding. As the adhesive means, a known hot melt adhesive that becomes liquid when heated and hardens when cooled can be used. As the hot melt adhesive, for example, a urethane resin is suitable, and the resin in a molten state is applied by spraying onto the surfaces to be joined.

[0028] [How to use the breathable waterproof sheet] With reference to FIG. 3, the case where the breathable waterproof sheet 10 is laid on the surface of an embankment A such as a river embankment will be described.

[0029] <1> Laying breathable waterproof sheets An air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 is laid on the surface of the embankment body A. The protective layer 40 on the back side of the breathable waterproof sheet 10 is laid facing the surface of the embankment A. If necessary, the breathable waterproof sheet 10 is covered with covering soil B.

[0030] <2> Protective function of breathable waterproof sheets High-strength reinforcing protective layers 30 and protective layers 40 are located on the front and back surfaces of the breathable waterproof sheet 10 and cover both sides of the breathable waterproof layer 20. Therefore, the protective effects of the reinforcing protective layer 30 and the protective layer 40 make the breathable waterproof layer 20 less susceptible to damage.

[0031] <3> Regarding the stretch suppression function of breathable waterproof sheets When laying the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10, as the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 follows uneven ground, or after laying the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10, a tensile force may act on the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 due to an upper load or external force. The reinforcing protective layer 30 woven with reinforcing threads 32 and the protective layer 40 made of high-strength long fibers cooperate to resist the tensile force acting on the breathable waterproof sheet 10 . In particular, the reinforcing protective layer 30 formed by weaving the reinforcing yarns 32 to have low elongation effectively suppresses deformation of the breathable waterproof sheet 10 due to stretching. Therefore, even when the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 conforms to the unevenness of the surface of the embankment body A or when the load of the covering soil B acts as a tensile force on the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10, extension deformation of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 can be effectively prevented.

[0032] <4> About the waterproofing performance of breathable waterproof sheets As described above, even if an external force acts on the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 in the stretching direction, the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 located at the center of the sheet 10 hardly undergoes stretching deformation. Therefore, the waterproof performance of the breathable waterproof layer 20, that is, the waterproof performance of the breathable waterproof sheet 10, is not lost, and good waterproofness can be maintained. Therefore, the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 restricts the penetration of rainwater and the like, thereby suppressing the infiltration of water into the embankment body A.

[0033] <5> About the breathability of breathable waterproof sheets As described above, even if an elongation deformation force acts on the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10, the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 hardly undergoes elongation deformation. Therefore, the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 does not lose its air permeability. Since the reinforcing protective layer 30 and the protective layer 40 made of nonwoven fabric are also air permeable, there is no need to worry about the air permeability of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 being impaired. Therefore, even if the interstitial air present inside the embankment A moves to the surface of the embankment A, the interstitial air can be discharged in a timely manner through the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10, thereby suppressing the increase in pressure of the interstitial air and avoiding weakening of the embankment A.

[0034] [Variation 1] In the previous Example 1, a form in which the reinforcing threads 32 are woven into the nonwoven fabric base material 31 of the reinforcing protective layer 30 is described as a means for incorporating the reinforcing threads 32 into the breathable waterproof sheet 10, but the means for incorporating the reinforcing threads 32 is not limited to this form.

[0035] When the nonwoven fabric substrate 31 is produced using needle punching, the reinforcing threads 32 can be mixed in the form of long fibers into the fibers of the nonwoven fabric that constitutes the substrate 31. The amount of the reinforcing threads 32 mixed in can be selected appropriately according to the desired elongation of the reinforcing protective layer 30 so that the waterproof function of the air-permeable waterproof layer 20 is not lost. The breaking elongation of the breathable waterproof sheet 10 decreases in proportion to the amount of reinforcing yarn 32 mixed in.

[0036] In this example, the reinforcing threads 32 can be mixed into the reinforcing protective layer 30 without the need for a raschel machine to weave the reinforcing threads 32, so the breathable waterproof sheet 10 can be produced economically.

[0037] [Variation 2] The substrate 31 of the reinforcing protective layer 30 is not limited to a nonwoven fabric, but may be a woven fabric or a knitted fabric.

[0038] As the woven fabric for the substrate 31, for example, plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, geogrid, etc. can be used. When the base material 31 is made of a woven fabric, reinforcing threads 32 having higher strength than the woven fabric threads (warp threads and weft threads) may be mixed and woven into the woven fabric threads, or ordinary woven fabric threads may be used as the reinforcing threads 32.

[0039] As a knitted fabric in which thread-like material is woven into loops, a geogrid or the like can be used. When the base material 31 is made of a knitted fabric, reinforcing yarns 32 having higher strength than the knitting yarns may be mixed into the knitting yarns, or ordinary knitting yarns may be used as the reinforcing yarns 32 instead. [Example]

[0040] Other embodiments will be described below, and in the description, the same parts as those in the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0041] 4 and 5, an embodiment in which the breathable waterproof sheet 10 is applied to a civil engineering block mat 50 used for river bank protection will be described.

[0042] <1> Civil engineering block mat The civil engineering block mat 50 comprises a breathable waterproof sheet 10 as a base fabric sheet, and a plurality of blocks 51 arranged at intervals and fixed to the upper surface of the breathable waterproof sheet 10. The overall dimensions of the civil engineering block mat 50 can be selected as appropriate, but in practice it is a rectangle with a width of 1.8 m and a total length of 6.8 m.

[0043] As described above, the breathable waterproof sheet 10 has high strength, and therefore the breathable waterproof sheet 10 can be used as a base fabric sheet for the civil engineering block mat 50.

[0044] <2> Breathable waterproof sheet (base fabric sheet) The breathable waterproof sheet 10 is a substitute sheet for the base fabric sheet, and is made by arranging and fixing a plurality of blocks 51 in a row. The configuration and various functions (breathable waterproof function and elongation suppression function) of the breathable waterproof sheet 10 are as described above.

[0045] <3> block A plurality of blocks 51 are integrally fixed to the upper surface side of the reinforcing protective layer 30 that constitutes the breathable waterproof sheet 10 . A plurality of blocks 51 are arranged and fixed to the surface of a civil engineering block mat 50. The block 51 is a block body made of cast-in-place concrete. There are no restrictions on the three-dimensional shape of the block 51, but a prismatic shape is common.

[0046] <4> Block fixing means When the block 51 is turned upside down and molded, the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 is placed over it, and the block 51 and the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 can be fixed together by utilizing the adhesive force of the concrete. The blocks 51 are arranged at intervals, so that the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 is exposed at the joints between the blocks 51.

[0047] When the reinforcing threads 32 are woven into the reinforcing protective layer 30 that constitutes the breathable waterproof sheet 10, protruding loop-shaped fastening loops of the reinforcing threads 32 may be formed in a chain (not shown). When raschel knitting is performed with the reinforcing yarn 32 using a raschel machine, loop-shaped fastening loops can be easily formed along the chain stitches in the warp direction.

[0048] By forming fastening loops in a chain in some of the reinforcing threads 32, when the block 51 is made from cast-in-place concrete, the multiple fastening loops protruding from the surface of the reinforcing protective layer 30 can be embedded in the block body, thereby increasing the adhesive strength between the reinforcing protective layer 30 of the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 and the block 51.

[0049] The means for fastening the block 51 to the breathable waterproof sheet 10 is not limited to the above-described manner, and the block 51 and the breathable waterproof sheet 10 may be fastened to each other via an adhesive.

[0050] [How to use civil engineering block mats] The method of using the civil engineering block mat 50 will now be described.

[0051] <1> Lifting and laying of civil engineering block mats The belt-shaped civil engineering block mat 50 is lifted at both ends and laid on the surface of a bank A such as a river bank. When the civil engineering block mat 50 is lifted, a large tension acts on the breathable waterproof sheet 10. The reinforcing protective layer 30, which is made up of the woven reinforcing threads 32 that make up the breathable waterproof sheet 10, functions as a tensile resistance material, so that the stretch deformation of the breathable waterproof sheet 10 when it is lifted can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to lift and lay the civil engineering block mat 50 while suppressing excessive elongation. If necessary, the civil engineering block mat 50 is covered with covering soil B.

[0052] <2> Waterproofing function using civil engineering block mats As described above, even if the civil engineering block mat 50 is lifted, the excellent breathable and waterproof function of the breathable and waterproof sheet 10 is not impaired. Therefore, the breathable waterproof sheet 10 of the civil engineering block mat 50 exhibits good waterproofing properties, effectively suppressing the penetration and infiltration of rainwater and the like into the embankment body A.

[0053] <3> Air permeability provided by civil engineering block mats As described above, even if the civil engineering block mat 50 is lifted, the excellent breathable and waterproof function of the breathable and waterproof sheet 10 is not impaired. Therefore, even if the interstitial air present inside the embankment body A moves to the surface of the embankment body A, the interstitial air is discharged in a timely manner through the air-permeable waterproof sheet 10 exposed in the joints of the civil engineering block mat 50. Therefore, it is possible to avoid an increase in pressure of the interstitial air inside the embankment body A, and to avoid weakening of the embankment A due to the ejection of interstitial air. [Explanation of symbols]

[0054] 10. Breathable waterproof sheet 20. Breathable waterproof layer 30 Reinforcement protective layer 31...Base material 32... Reinforcing thread 40...Protective layer 50····Civil engineering block mat Block 51 A... Embankment body B... Covering with soil

Claims

1. A three-layer breathable waterproof sheet used for revetment work, with a breathable waterproof layer in the center, a reinforcing protective layer is coated on one side of the air-permeable waterproof layer, and the air-permeable waterproof layer and the reinforcing protective layer are fixed by spot adhesion; a protective layer made of a nonwoven fabric made of long fibers is coated on the other side of the air-permeable waterproof layer, and the air-permeable waterproof layer and the protective layer are fixed by spot adhesion; The base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer contains reinforcing yarns to give the reinforcing protective layer an elongation suppressing function; The reinforcing protective layer and the protective layer cooperate to protect both sides of the air-permeable waterproof layer while suppressing elongation deformation of the air-permeable waterproof layer. Breathable waterproof sheet.

2. 2. The breathable waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer is any one of a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, and a knitted fabric.

3. 3. The breathable waterproof sheet according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcing threads are woven into the base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer.

4. 4. The breathable waterproof sheet according to claim 3, wherein the reinforcing threads are woven into a mesh shape by Russell knitting into the base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer.

5. 3. The breathable waterproof sheet according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcing threads are mixed into the base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer.

6. 3. The breathable waterproof sheet according to claim 2, wherein the base fabric of the reinforcing protective layer is a needle-punched nonwoven fabric or a spunbonded nonwoven fabric.

7. 3. The air-permeable waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the air-permeable waterproof layer, the reinforcing protective layer and the protective layer are fixed together with a hot melt adhesive.

8. 2. The air-permeable waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the air-permeable waterproof layer is an SMS nonwoven fabric or a microporous membrane.

9. A civil engineering block mat used in bank protection work, in which a plurality of cast-in-place concrete blocks are arranged and fixed on one side of a strip-shaped base fabric sheet, The base fabric sheet is the breathable waterproof sheet according to claim 1, A plurality of blocks are fixed to the surface of the reinforcing protective layer of the breathable waterproof sheet. Block mat for civil engineering.

10. A civil engineering block mat as described in claim 9, characterized in that when reinforcing yarn is woven into the reinforcing protective layer that constitutes the breathable waterproof sheet, loop-shaped fastening loops are formed in a chain reaction, and the fastening loops are embedded in the block body and fastened.

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