Exterior body and battery module

Abstract

An exterior body 10 comprises a housing unit 101 in which a battery 100 is housed, a gas adsorption unit 102 that is positioned outside the housing unit 101 and has an adsorbent 104 able to adsorb a first gas generated inside the housing unit 101, and a first valve 103 that discharges the first gas from the gas adsorption unit 102 to outside the exterior body 10. The first valve 103 may be connected to the gas adsorption unit 102. A battery module 110 comprises the exterior body 10 and the battery 100 arranged in the housing unit 101 of the exterior body 10.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an exterior body used in a battery and a battery module. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a battery pack that can detect gas generated from a battery cell using a sensor and adsorb the gas onto an adsorbent.

[0003] Patent Document 2 discloses a battery pack equipped with a vent valve that vents gas to the outside of the battery to prevent the internal pressure of the battery case from increasing due to gas generated from the battery. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-202104 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2014 / 128909 Summary of the Invention

[0005] In the prior art, further improvement in the safety of battery modules is desired.

[0006] An exterior body according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes: a housing portion for housing a battery; a gas adsorption unit located outside the storage unit, the gas adsorption unit having an adsorbent capable of adsorbing a first gas generated inside the storage unit; a first valve that discharges the first gas from the gas adsorption unit to the outside of the exterior body; Equipped with.

[0007] The exterior body of the present disclosure can improve the safety of the battery module. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an exterior body according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an exterior body according to the second embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an exterior body according to the third embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an exterior body according to the fourth embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an exterior body according to a modified example. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an electrode material. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] (Findings that formed the basis of this disclosure) Patent Document 1 does not mention any safety mechanism for when the internal pressure of the battery pack increases due to hydrogen sulfide gas generated from the battery cells. Therefore, if the battery pack explodes due to an increase in internal pressure, there is a problem that untreated hydrogen sulfide gas will leak. Furthermore, the battery pack in Patent Document 1 is configured to use an electric heating wire to rupture the packaging material of the adsorbent material located in the same space as the battery cells. Therefore, there is a risk of heat from the electric heating wire to the battery cells.

[0010] In Patent Document 2, gas generated from the battery is discharged to the outside untreated through a discharge valve provided directly on the battery case.

[0011] The present inventors conducted extensive research to improve the safety of battery modules. As a result, they discovered an exterior body that includes a housing portion capable of housing a battery, a gas adsorption portion capable of adsorbing gas generated from the battery, and a valve capable of discharging gas treated by the gas adsorption portion to the outside, where the gas adsorption portion is located outside the housing portion. Use of such an exterior body can improve the safety of battery modules.

[0012] (Summary of one aspect of the present disclosure) The exterior body according to the first aspect of the present disclosure is a housing portion for housing a battery; a gas adsorption unit located outside the storage unit, the gas adsorption unit having an adsorbent capable of adsorbing a first gas generated inside the storage unit; a first valve that discharges the first gas from the gas adsorption unit to the outside of the exterior body; Equipped with.

[0013] According to the first aspect, when a first gas is generated from a battery housed in the housing, the first gas can be adsorbed by the adsorbent. The first gas passes through the gas adsorption section to be reduced in concentration, and is then discharged to the outside of the exterior body. This improves the safety of the battery module.

[0014] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the outer casing according to the first aspect, the first valve may be connected to the gas adsorption unit, or may be arranged in a gas exhaust path from the gas adsorption unit to the outside of the outer casing.

[0015] According to the second aspect, the first gas can be discharged to the outside of the exterior body via the first valve.

[0016] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the exterior body according to the first or second aspect, the first valve may be disposed at an end of the gas adsorption section.

[0017] According to the third aspect, the first gas can be effectively adsorbed onto the adsorbent.

[0018] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the exterior body according to any one of the first to third aspects, the gas adsorption section may be located at the bottom of the exterior body.

[0019] According to the fourth aspect, the first gas can be efficiently guided to the gas adsorption section.

[0020] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, the outer casing according to any one of the first to fourth aspects may further include an exhaust space located between the storage section and the gas adsorption section in the flow direction of the first gas, and the first gas may be guided to the gas adsorption section via the exhaust space.

[0021] According to the fifth aspect, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom in designing the exterior body.

[0022] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the exterior body according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the storage section and the gas adsorption section may be in communication with each other.

[0023] According to the sixth aspect, when the first gas is generated from the battery housed in the housing section, the first gas can be adsorbed by the adsorbent of the gas adsorption section.

[0024] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, for example, the outer casing according to any one of the first to fifth aspects may further include at least one communication passage that connects the storage section and the gas adsorption section, and at least one second valve disposed in the at least one communication passage.

[0025] According to the seventh aspect, even if vibrations are applied to the exterior body from the outside, the adsorbent is prevented from entering the housing portion, thereby improving the reliability of the exterior body.

[0026] In an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the exterior body according to the seventh aspect, the second valve may be located at the bottom of the storage section.

[0027] According to the eighth aspect, the first gas can be efficiently discharged from the storage section.

[0028] In a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the outer casing according to the seventh or eighth aspect, the at least one communication passage may include a plurality of the communication passages, and the at least one second valve may include a plurality of the second valves.

[0029] According to the ninth aspect, the first gas can be more efficiently guided to the gas adsorbing section by the plurality of second valves.

[0030] In a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in an outer casing according to any one of the seventh to ninth aspects, the first valve and the second valve may be pressure valves, and when the opening pressure of the first valve is defined as P1 and the opening pressure of the second valve is defined as P2, P1≧P2 may be satisfied.

[0031] According to the tenth aspect, the first valve is prevented from opening simultaneously with the introduction of the first gas through the second valve to the gas adsorption section. Therefore, the first gas remains in the gas adsorption section for a relatively long time. Therefore, the first gas can be efficiently adsorbed by the adsorbent.

[0032] In an eleventh aspect of the present disclosure, for example, the exterior body according to any one of the first to tenth aspects may further include a third valve for introducing a second gas into the storage portion.

[0033] According to the eleventh aspect, the second gas can be introduced into the storage unit from outside the exterior body through the third valve, thereby making it possible to reduce the concentration of the first gas present inside the storage unit.

[0034] In a twelfth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the exterior body according to the eleventh aspect, the third valve may be connectable to a container that stores the second gas.

[0035] According to the twelfth aspect, the second gas can be easily introduced into the storage section from outside the exterior body through the third valve.

[0036] In a thirteenth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the exterior body according to the eleventh or twelfth aspect, the third valve may be disposed above the storage section.

[0037] According to the thirteenth aspect, the first gas is more easily discharged from the storage portion by introducing the second gas into the storage portion.

[0038] In a fourteenth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the exterior body according to any one of the eleventh to thirteenth aspects, the second gas may include an inert gas.

[0039] According to the fourteenth aspect, the inert gas can be easily introduced into the storage part. By introducing the inert gas into the storage part, not only can the first gas be discharged to the outside, but also the concentration of a combustion-supporting gas such as oxygen or a flammable gas can be reduced.

[0040] In a fifteenth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the exterior housing according to any one of the first to fourteenth aspects, the first gas may contain hydrogen sulfide gas.

[0041] In a sixteenth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the outer packaging body according to any one of the first to fifteenth aspects, the adsorbent may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate.

[0042] According to the fifteenth and sixteenth aspects, hydrogen sulfide gas can be effectively adsorbed onto the adsorbent.

[0043] In a seventeenth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the outer casing according to any one of the first to sixteenth aspects, the first gas may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a halogen gas and a halogen gas precursor. The halogen gas may include at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I. The halogen gas precursor may include a compound that hydrolyzes to produce a hydrogen halide or a hypohalous acid.

[0044] In an eighteenth aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the outer packaging body according to any one of the first to seventeenth aspects, the adsorbent may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium aluminate, potassium oxide, potassium carbonate, and potassium bicarbonate.

[0045] According to the seventeenth and eighteenth aspects, the halogen gas can be effectively adsorbed onto the adsorbent.

[0046] In a 19th aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the outer casing according to any one of the first to eighteenth aspects, the adsorbent may include at least one selected from the group consisting of silica gel, zeolite, and activated carbon.

[0047] According to the nineteenth aspect, the first gas can be effectively adsorbed onto the adsorbent.

[0048] A battery module according to a twentieth aspect of the present disclosure includes: An exterior body according to any one of the first to nineteenth aspects; a battery disposed in the housing portion of the exterior body; Equipped with.

[0049] According to the twentieth aspect, it is possible to improve the safety of the battery module and also to improve the energy density per volume of the battery.

[0050] In a twenty-first aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the battery module according to the twentieth aspect, the batteries may include a sulfide solid electrolyte.

[0051] According to the twenty-first aspect, the output characteristics of the battery can be improved.

[0052] In a 22nd aspect of the present disclosure, for example, in the battery module according to the 20th or 21st aspect, the battery may include a halide solid electrolyte, and the halide solid electrolyte may be represented by the following composition formula (1): Li α M β X γ ...Equation (1) Here, α, β, and γ are each independently a value greater than 0, M includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of metal elements and metalloid elements other than Li, and X includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I.

[0053] According to the twenty-second aspect, the output characteristics of the battery can be improved. In addition, the thermal stability of the battery is improved, so that the generation of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide can be suppressed.

[0054] An exterior body according to a 23rd aspect of the present disclosure includes: a battery housing portion for housing a battery; an adsorbent housing portion located outside the battery housing portion, the adsorbent housing portion housing or being filled with an adsorbent capable of adsorbing a first gas generated inside the battery housing portion; a first valve that discharges the first gas from the adsorbent housing portion to the outside of the exterior body; Equipped with.

[0055] According to the 23rd aspect, when a first gas is generated from a battery housed in the battery housing portion, the first gas can be adsorbed by the adsorbent housed or filled in the battery housing portion. The first gas passes through the adsorbent housing portion to be reduced in concentration, and is then discharged to the outside of the exterior body. This improves the safety of the battery module.

[0056] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0057] (Embodiment 1) Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an exterior body 10 in embodiment 1. For ease of explanation, Fig. 1 shows a state in which a plurality of batteries 100 are housed in the exterior body 10. In other words, Fig. 1 shows a battery module 110 including the exterior body 10 and the batteries 100. The number of batteries 100 is usually multiple, but may be one.

[0058] The exterior body 10 includes a storage section 101, a gas adsorption section 102, and a first valve 103. The storage section 101 is configured to be able to store at least one battery 100. The gas adsorption section (also referred to as an "adsorbent storage section") 102 has, or stores or is filled with, an adsorbent 104 that can adsorb a first gas generated inside the storage section 101. The gas adsorption section 102 is located outside the storage section 101. The first valve 103 discharges the first gas from the gas adsorption section 102 to the outside of the exterior body 10.

[0059] According to the above configuration, when a first gas is generated from the battery 100, the first gas can be adsorbed by the adsorbent 104. When the internal pressure of the storage section 101 increases due to the first gas, the first gas passes through the gas adsorption section 102 to be reduced in concentration, and is then discharged to the outside of the exterior body 10. Therefore, damage to the exterior body 10 caused by the first gas is prevented. This can improve the safety of the battery module 110.

[0060] By appropriately selecting the adsorbent 104 depending on the type of the first gas, it is possible to treat and detoxify the first gas using the adsorbent 104. This prevents the leakage of untreated first gas.

[0061] The housing portion 101 has a space capable of housing the battery 100 .

[0062] The gas adsorption section 102 has a space that can accommodate or be filled with the adsorbent 104 .

[0063] The exterior body 10 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped or cubic shape overall. The storage section 101 is adjacent to the gas adsorption section 102. The gas adsorption section 102 is combined with or integrated into the storage section 101. The exterior body 10 may be composed of a single housing or multiple housings. When the exterior body 10 is composed of a single housing, the interior of the exterior body 10 is divided into multiple spaces by partitions. The housing and partition surrounding one space selected from the multiple spaces serve as the storage section 101. The housing and partition surrounding another space selected from the multiple spaces serve as the gas adsorption section (also referred to as the "adsorbent storage section") 102. When the exterior body 10 is composed of multiple housings, one selected from the multiple housings serves as the storage section 101. Another selected from the multiple housings serves as the gas adsorption section 102. The housing that constitutes the gas adsorption section 102 may be detachable from the housing that constitutes the storage section 101. The exterior body 10 may have a lid for inserting the battery 100 into the housing portion 101 or for removing the battery 100 from the housing portion 101.

[0064] The material of the components constituting the housing portion 101 is not particularly limited. The material of the components constituting the housing portion 101 can be selected appropriately depending on the structure of the battery 100. The material of the components constituting the housing portion 101 may be a resin material or a metal material. Metal materials have excellent thermal conductivity. Therefore, heat inside the housing portion 101 can be efficiently released to the outside. This makes it possible to prevent the inside of the housing portion 101 from becoming too hot. As a result, it is possible to prevent the battery 100 from breaking down or its performance from being reduced due to the effects of heat.

[0065] The material of the member constituting the gas adsorption unit 102 is not particularly limited. The material of the member constituting the gas adsorption unit 102 can be selected appropriately depending on the type of adsorbent 104. The material of the member constituting the gas adsorption unit 102 may be a resin material or a metal material. When the gas adsorption unit 102 is combined with or integrated into the storage unit 101, the material of the member constituting the storage unit 101 may be the same as the material of the member constituting the gas adsorption unit 102.

[0066] The ratio of the volume of gas adsorption section 102 to the total volume of exterior body 10 may be smaller than the ratio of the volume of storage section 101 to the total volume of exterior body 10 .

[0067] The gas adsorption unit 102 is located at the bottom of the exterior body 10. The gas adsorption unit 102 is combined with or integrated into the storage unit 101 so that the gas adsorption unit 102 is located at the bottom of the exterior body 10. When a first gas is generated from the battery 100, the specific gravity of the first gas is greater than the specific gravity of the gas filling the storage unit 101. When the gas adsorption unit 102 is located at the bottom of the storage unit 101, the difference in specific gravity between the first gas and the gas filling the storage unit 101 can be utilized to efficiently and quickly introduce the first gas into the gas adsorption unit 102.

[0068] In this disclosure, "below" the storage unit 101 means a position below the storage unit 101 in the direction of gravity. "above" the storage unit 101 means a position above the storage unit 101 in the direction of gravity. "to the side" of the storage unit 101 means a position adjacent to or facing the storage unit 101 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of gravity.

[0069] The gas adsorption unit 102 may be located below the storage unit 101. Even with this configuration, the first gas can be efficiently introduced into the gas adsorption unit 102 by utilizing the difference in specific gravity between the first gas and the gas filling the storage unit 101. In this embodiment, the entire gas adsorption unit 102 is located below the storage unit 101.

[0070] First valve 103 is connected to gas adsorption section 102. With this configuration, the first gas can be discharged to the outside of exterior body 10 via first valve 103.

[0071] In the present disclosure, the "end" of the gas adsorption unit 102 means either one of the two ends of the gas adsorption unit 102 in the flow direction of the first gas.

[0072] The first valve 103 is disposed at an end of the gas adsorption unit 102. This configuration makes it easier to increase the distance traveled by the first gas in the gas adsorption unit 102. Therefore, the first gas can be effectively adsorbed onto the adsorbent 104. The first valve 103 may be provided on a lid of the gas adsorption unit 102, or may be the lid itself.

[0073] The first valve 103 may be a valve that opens and closes depending on the internal pressure of the gas adsorption unit 102. For example, the first valve 103 may be a pressure valve that operates when the internal pressure of the gas adsorption unit 102 is higher than the external pressure of the exterior body 10, i.e., when the pressure is positive. The type of pressure valve used for the first valve 103 is not particularly limited. Examples of pressure valves include a spring disc-type relief valve and a rupture disc. The relief valve closes after releasing a certain amount of the first gas, preventing excessive contact between the adsorbent 104 and the outside air. Therefore, when a relief valve is used as the first valve 103, deterioration of the adsorbent 104 can be suppressed.

[0074] The first valve 103 may be an electronically controllable solenoid valve. When a solenoid valve is used as the first valve 103, the first valve 103 can be opened from a position away from the exterior body 10. For example, the state of the battery 100 during operation is monitored, and when an abnormality occurs, such as an increase in the internal pressure of the housing 101 due to the generation of the first gas, the first valve 103 is opened. This makes it possible to reduce the concentration of the first gas inside the exterior body 10.

[0075] Exterior body 10 further includes a communication passage 107 and a second valve 108. Communication passage 107 connects storage section 101 and gas adsorption section 102. Second valve 108 is disposed in communication passage 107. With this configuration, second valve 108 separates storage section 101 and gas adsorption section 102. This prevents adsorbent 104 from entering storage section 101 even when exterior body 10 is subjected to external vibration. This improves the reliability of exterior body 10.

[0076] When the second valve 108 is opened, the storage section 101 and the gas adsorption section 102 communicate with each other.

[0077] The second valve 108 is located at the bottom of the storage section 101. With this configuration, the difference in specific gravity between the first gas and the gas filling the storage section 101 is utilized to efficiently and quickly discharge the first gas from the storage section 101.

[0078] The second valve 108 may be located below the storage section 101. Even with this configuration, the first gas can be efficiently discharged from the storage section 101 by utilizing the difference in specific gravity between the first gas and the gas filling the storage section 101.

[0079] The second valve 108 may be, for example, a pressure valve that operates when the internal pressure of the gas adsorption unit 102 is higher than the external pressure of the exterior body 10, i.e., when the pressure is positive. The pressure valve may be any of those exemplified as the first valve 103. In particular, when a rupture disk is used as the second valve 108, the second valve 108 can be made smaller.

[0080] The second valve 108 may be an electronically controllable solenoid valve. When a solenoid valve is used as the second valve 108, the second valve 108 can be opened from a position away from the exterior body 10. For example, the state of the battery 100 during operation is monitored, and when an abnormality occurs, the second valve 108 is opened to introduce the first gas generated inside the exterior body 10 into the gas adsorption unit 102. This makes it possible to maintain a low concentration of the first gas from the initial stage of generation of the first gas.

[0081] When the first valve 103 and the second valve 108 are pressure valves, the opening pressure of the first valve 103 is defined as P1, and the opening pressure of the second valve 108 is defined as P2. In this case, P1≧P2 may be satisfied.

[0082] According to the above configuration, the first valve 103 and the second valve 108 are opened through the following series of operations. When the first gas is generated from the battery 100, the internal pressure of the accommodating unit 101 increases. When the internal pressure of the accommodating unit 101 exceeds the release pressure P2, the second valve 108 opens. As a result, the first gas is discharged to the gas adsorption unit 102. When the second valve 108 opens, the internal pressure of the accommodating unit 101 decreases. The first gas introduced into the gas adsorption unit 102 is adsorbed by the adsorbent 104 and reduced in concentration. The first gas introduced into the gas adsorption unit 102 increases the internal pressure of the gas adsorption unit 102, and when the internal pressure exceeds the release pressure P1, the first valve 103 opens. As a result, the first gas treated in the gas adsorption unit 102 is discharged from the first valve 103 to the outside of the exterior body 10.

[0083] By satisfying P1≧P2, the first valve 103 is prevented from opening at the same time that the first gas is introduced into the gas adsorption unit 102 through the second valve 108. Therefore, the first gas remains in the gas adsorption unit 102 for a relatively long time. Therefore, the first gas can be efficiently adsorbed onto the adsorbent 104.

[0084] When the first valve 103 and the second valve 108 are pressure valves, the opening pressure P1 of the first valve 103 and the opening pressure P2 of the second valve 108 can be set depending on the generation rate of the first gas, the configuration of the storage unit 101, and the configuration of the gas adsorption unit 102. An example of the opening pressure P1 of the first valve 103 is 1 kPa or more and 1 MPa or less. An example of the opening pressure P2 of the second valve 108 is 1 kPa or more and 1 MPa or less.

[0085] The communication passage 107 may be a through-hole provided in the wall separating the storage section 101 and the gas adsorption section 102, or a pipe attached to such a through-hole.

[0086] The communication passage 107 communicates the storage section 101 with an end of the gas adsorption section 102 that is different from the end where the first valve 103 is disposed. This configuration makes it easier to increase the travel distance of the first gas in the gas adsorption section 102. Therefore, the first gas can be effectively adsorbed onto the adsorbent 104.

[0087] The first gas may include hydrogen sulfide gas.

[0088] The first gas may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a halogen gas and a halogen gas precursor. The halogen gas may include at least one selected from the group consisting of F2, Cl2, Br2, and I2. The halogen gas precursor is a compound that hydrolyzes to produce a hydrogen halide or a hypohalous acid.

[0089] In this disclosure, the term "adsorbent" is a general term for a material that adsorbs a specific chemical substance by chemical adsorption or physical adsorption. The type of adsorbent 104 is not particularly limited. The adsorbent 104 can be selected appropriately depending on the type of the first gas or the material of the gas adsorption section 102.

[0090] The form of the adsorbent 104 is not particularly limited. The form of the adsorbent 104 may be, for example, a liquid, a solid, a slurry containing a powder and a liquid, or a semi-solid gel. The form of the adsorbent 104 can be appropriately selected depending on conditions such as the configuration of the gas adsorption unit 102, the type of the first gas, and the adsorption rate of the first gas.

[0091] The adsorbent 104 may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate. Such an adsorbent 104 can efficiently adsorb acidic gases, particularly hydrogen sulfide gas, generated from the battery 100.

[0092] The adsorbent 104 may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium sesquicarbonate (Na2CO3·NaHCO3·2H2O), sodium thiosulfate, sodium aluminate, potassium oxide, potassium carbonate, and potassium bicarbonate. Such an adsorbent 104 can efficiently adsorb halogen gas generated from the battery 100.

[0093] The adsorbent 104 may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of silica gel, zeolite, and activated carbon. Such an adsorbent 104 can efficiently adsorb the first gas generated from the battery 100.

[0094] The packing rate of the adsorbent 104 in the gas adsorption section 102, converted into volume density, may be 1% or more and less than 99.5%, or 20% or more and less than 90%. The packing rate of the adsorbent 104 in the gas adsorption section 102, converted into volume density, may be 30% or more and less than 90%. With this configuration, it is possible to improve the gas adsorption efficiency while maintaining the gas permeability of the gas adsorption section 102.

[0095] The internal pressure of the accommodating section 101 may be equal to or lower than atmospheric pressure or may be a vacuum. When the internal pressure of the accommodating section 101 is equal to or lower than atmospheric pressure or is a vacuum, if the first gas is generated from the battery 100, a certain amount of the first gas can be contained in the accommodating section 101. This can further improve the safety of the battery module 110.

[0096] The interior of the housing 101 may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of gas, liquid, and solid. The gas may contain an inert gas that reduces the risk of fire in the battery 100. Examples of the inert gas include nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and rare gases such as argon. This configuration further improves the safety of the battery module 110.

[0097] The type of the liquid is not particularly limited. The liquid can be selected depending on the structure of the battery 100 or the material of the exterior body 10 including the housing portion 101. The liquid may also contain a fire extinguishing agent that reduces the risk of fire in the battery 100. This configuration further improves the safety of the battery module 110.

[0098] The type of the solid is not particularly limited. The solid can be selected depending on the structure of the battery 100 or the material of the exterior body 10 including the housing portion 101. The solid may be in the form of a powder from the viewpoint of gas permeability.

[0099] In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the gas adsorption unit 102 is located at the bottom of the exterior body 10. The second valve 108 is located at the bottom of the storage section 101. The first valve 103 is disposed at the end of the gas adsorption unit 102. However, the installation positions of the gas adsorption unit 102, the second valve 108, and the first valve 103 are not limited thereto. The gas adsorption unit 102 may be provided at any of the top, bottom, and side of the exterior body 10. The second valve 108 may be provided at any of the top, bottom, and side of the storage section 101. The first valve 103 may be provided at a location other than the end of the gas adsorption unit 102. The positions of the gas adsorption unit 102, the first valve 103, and the second valve 108 can be selected appropriately depending on their positional relationship to the battery 100, the specific gravity of the first gas, and the like.

[0100] Below, several other embodiments will be described. Elements common to the first embodiment and the other embodiments will be given the same reference numerals, and their description may be omitted. The descriptions of the respective embodiments may be mutually applied unless there is a technical contradiction. The respective embodiments may be mutually combined unless there is a technical contradiction.

[0101] (Embodiment 2) Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an exterior body 20 in the second embodiment. Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2 shows a state in which a plurality of batteries 100 are housed in the exterior body 20. In other words, Fig. 2 shows a battery module 120.

[0102] In the present disclosure, the “flow direction of the first gas” means the direction in which the first gas flows from the container 101 toward the gas adsorption section 102 .

[0103] In the present embodiment, exterior body 20 includes exhaust space 201 between accommodating unit 101 and gas adsorption unit 102 in the flow direction of the first gas. Therefore, the first gas generated inside accommodating unit 101 is guided to gas adsorption unit 102 via exhaust space 201.

[0104] Even with the above configuration, when a first gas is generated from the battery 100, the first gas can be adsorbed by the adsorbent 104. When the internal pressure of the accommodation unit 101 increases due to the first gas, the first gas passes through the gas adsorption unit 102 to be reduced in concentration, and is then discharged to the outside of the exterior body 20. This prevents damage to the exterior body 20 caused by the first gas. This improves the safety of the battery module 120. Furthermore, by providing the discharge space 201 between the accommodation unit 101 and the gas adsorption unit 102, the position of the gas adsorption unit 102 can be adjusted, thereby improving the design flexibility of the exterior body 20. This allows the exterior body 20 to be given a structure suited to the installation space.

[0105] The exterior body 20 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped or cubic shape overall. The storage section 101 is adjacent to the gas adsorption section 102 and the exhaust space 201. The gas adsorption section 102 and the exhaust space 201 are combined or integrated with the storage section 101. The exterior body 20 may be composed of a single housing or multiple housings. When the exterior body 20 is composed of a single housing, the interior of the exterior body 20 is divided into multiple spaces by partitions. The housing and partition surrounding one space selected from the multiple spaces serve as the storage section 101. The housing and partition surrounding another space selected from the multiple spaces serve as the gas adsorption section 102 and the exhaust space 201. When the exterior body 20 is composed of multiple housings, one selected from the multiple housings serves as the storage section 101. Another selected from the multiple housings serves as the gas adsorption section 102 and the exhaust space 201. The housing that forms the gas adsorption unit 102 and the discharge space 201 may be detachable from the housing that forms the storage unit 101. The exterior body 20 may have a lid for putting the battery 100 into the storage unit 101 or for removing the battery 100 from the storage unit 101.

[0106] When the exterior body 20 is composed of multiple housings, there are no particular restrictions on the materials of the members that make up the housings that make up the gas adsorption unit 102 and the discharge space 201. The materials of the members that make up the housings may be resin materials or metal materials. When the gas adsorption unit 102 and the discharge space 201 are combined or integrated into the accommodation unit 101, the materials of the members that make up the accommodation unit 101 may be the same as the materials of the members that make up the gas adsorption unit 102 and the discharge space 201.

[0107] In this embodiment, the gas adsorption unit 102 is continuous with the discharge space 201. The discharge space 201 and the gas adsorption unit 102 are adjacent to each other in the flow direction of the first gas. In the flow direction of the first gas, the discharge space 201 is located upstream and the gas adsorption unit 102 is located downstream. The discharge space 201 is a space that is not filled with an adsorbent.

[0108] A breathable filter such as a mesh or film may be provided at the connection point between the discharge space 201 and the gas adsorption unit 102. Such a configuration can prevent the adsorbent 104 from entering the discharge space 201 from the gas adsorption unit 102. The type of breathable filter can be appropriately selected depending on the type of the first gas, the type of the adsorbent 104, the speed at which the first gas flows from the discharge space 201 into the gas adsorption unit 102, etc.

[0109] The ratio of the volume of the discharge space 201 to the total volume of the exterior body 20 may be smaller than the ratio of the volume of the gas adsorption section 102 to the total volume of the exterior body 20 .

[0110] Discharge space 201 is located at the bottom of exterior body 10. That is, gas adsorption unit 102 and discharge space 201 are combined or integrated with storage unit 101 so that discharge space 201 is located at the bottom of exterior body 10. With this configuration, the difference in specific gravity between the first gas and the gas filling storage unit 101 can be utilized to efficiently and quickly introduce the first gas into gas adsorption unit 102.

[0111] The discharge space 201 may be located below the storage unit 101. Even with this configuration, the difference in specific gravity between the first gas and the gas filling the storage unit 101 can be utilized to efficiently introduce the first gas into the discharge space 201. In this embodiment, the entire discharge space 201 is located below the storage unit 101.

[0112] Gas adsorption unit 102 is located on the side of exterior body 10. In this embodiment, the entire gas adsorption unit 102 is located on the side of storage unit 101. Specifically, gas adsorption unit 102 and exhaust space 201 are combined or integrated with storage unit 101 so that gas adsorption unit 102 contacts the side surface of exterior body 10. Gas adsorption unit 102 extends parallel to the vertical direction on the side of exterior body 10.

[0113] In this embodiment, the first valve 103 is disposed at the upper end of the gas adsorption unit 102. This configuration makes it easier to increase the travel distance of the first gas in the gas adsorption unit 102. Therefore, the first gas can be effectively adsorbed onto the adsorbent 104.

[0114] In this embodiment, the communication passage 107 communicates between the storage portion 101 and the discharge space 201. When the second valve 108 is opened, the storage portion 101 and the discharge space 201 communicate with each other.

[0115] In this embodiment, the communication passage 107 may be a through-hole provided in the wall separating the storage section 101 and the discharge space 201, or a pipe attached to such a through-hole.

[0116] In this disclosure, the "end" of the discharge space 201 means either one of the two ends of the discharge space 201 in the flow direction of the first gas.

[0117] In this embodiment, the communication passage 107 communicates the accommodation section 101 with an end of the discharge space 201 that is different from the end to which the gas adsorption section 102 is in contact. This configuration makes it easier to increase the travel distance of the first gas in the gas adsorption section 102. Therefore, the first gas can be effectively adsorbed by the adsorbent 104.

[0118] In the example shown in FIG. 2 , the discharge space 201 is located at the bottom of the exterior body 20. The gas adsorption unit 102 is located at the side of the exterior body 20. The second valve 108 is located at the bottom of the storage unit 101. The first valve 103 is disposed at the end of the gas adsorption unit 102. However, the installation positions of the discharge space 201, the gas adsorption unit 102, the second valve 108, and the first valve 103 are not limited to these. The discharge space 201 may be provided at any of the top, bottom, and side of the exterior body 20. The gas adsorption unit 102 may be provided at any of the top, bottom, and side of the exterior body 20. The second valve 108 may be provided at any of the top, bottom, and side of the storage unit 101. The first valve 103 may be provided at a location other than the end of the gas adsorption unit 102. The positions of the exhaust space 201, the gas adsorption section 102, the first valve 103, and the second valve 108 can be selected appropriately depending on the positional relationship between them and the battery 100, the specific gravity of the first gas, and the like.

[0119] (Embodiment 3) Hereinafter, the third embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an exterior body 30 in the third embodiment. Like Figs. 1 and 2, Fig. 3 shows a state in which a plurality of batteries 100 are housed in the exterior body 30. In other words, Fig. 3 shows a battery module 130.

[0120] The exterior body 30 of this embodiment includes a plurality of communication passages 107 and a plurality of second valves 108 arranged in the plurality of communication passages 107, respectively.

[0121] Even with the above configuration, when the first gas is generated from the battery 100, the first gas can be adsorbed by the adsorbent 104. When the internal pressure of the storage section 101 increases due to the first gas, the first gas passes through the gas adsorption section 102 to be reduced in concentration, and is then discharged to the outside of the exterior body 30. This prevents damage to the exterior body 30 caused by the first gas. This improves the safety of the battery module 130. Furthermore, by providing multiple second valves 108, the first gas can be more efficiently guided to the gas adsorption section 102.

[0122] When a large amount of the first gas is generated inside the storage unit 101 in a short period of time, it is desirable to quickly discharge the first gas from the storage unit 101 to the gas adsorption unit 102 in order to alleviate a rapid increase in the internal pressure of the storage unit 101. If the battery module 130 includes multiple second valves 108, the number of gas discharge paths to the gas adsorption unit 102 increases. Therefore, the first gas can be quickly discharged to the gas adsorption unit 102. Furthermore, even if an unexpected malfunction occurs and some of the multiple second valves 108 stop working, the remaining second valves 108 maintain the function of the exterior body 30. This ensures the safety of the battery module 130.

[0123] The plurality of second valves 108 are located at the bottom of the storage section 101. With this configuration, the difference in specific gravity between the first gas and the gas filling the storage section 101 is utilized to efficiently and quickly discharge the first gas from the storage section 101.

[0124] At least one of the plurality of second valves 108 may be located at the bottom of the storage unit 101. Even with this configuration, the first gas can be efficiently and quickly discharged from the storage unit 101.

[0125] The plurality of second valves 108 may be located below the storage section 101. Even with this configuration, the first gas can be efficiently discharged from the storage section 101 by utilizing the difference in specific gravity between the first gas and the gas filling the storage section 101.

[0126] (Fourth embodiment) Hereinafter, the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an exterior body 40 in the fourth embodiment. Like Figs. 1 to 3, Fig. 4 shows a state in which a plurality of batteries 100 are housed in the exterior body 40. In other words, Fig. 4 shows a battery module 140.

[0127] Exterior body 40 of the present embodiment further includes a third valve 401 for introducing a second gas into storage section 101. Except for the additional inclusion of third valve 401, exterior body 40 has the same structure as exterior body 10 of the first embodiment.

[0128] With the above configuration, when the first gas is generated from the battery 100, the first gas can be adsorbed by the adsorbent 104. When the internal pressure of the accommodating unit 101 increases due to the first gas, the first gas passes through the gas adsorption unit 102 to be reduced in concentration, and is then discharged to the outside of the exterior body 40. Therefore, damage to the exterior body 40 caused by the first gas is prevented. Furthermore, with the above configuration, the second gas can be introduced into the accommodating unit 101 from the outside of the exterior body 40 through the third valve 401. Therefore, the concentration of the first gas present inside the accommodating unit 101 can be reduced. This improves the safety of the battery module 140.

[0129] The third valve 401 can be connected to a container 402 that stores the second gas. With this configuration, the second gas can be easily introduced into the storage unit 101 from the container 402 through the third valve 401.

[0130] Third valve 401 is disposed above storage section 101. With this configuration, the introduction of the second gas into storage section 101 makes it easier for the first gas, which has a higher specific gravity than the gas filling storage section 101, to be discharged from storage section 101.

[0131] Third valve 401 may be disposed above storage section 101. Even with this configuration, the introduction of the second gas into storage section 101 makes it easier for the first gas, which has a higher specific gravity than the gas filling storage section 101, to be discharged from storage section 101.

[0132] Inflow path 403 may be arranged between container 402 and third valve 401. With this configuration, the installation position of container 402 can be adjusted. Therefore, container 402 can be arranged in a location away from exterior body 40. In this embodiment, inflow path 403 is arranged between container 402 and third valve 401.

[0133] The exterior body 40 may include multiple third valves 401. With this configuration, for example, when removing the battery 100 from the exterior body 40, the second gas can be introduced into the storage section 101 through at least one of the third valves 401, and the gas filling the storage section 101 can be discharged to the outside through the remaining third valves 401. At this time, the gas adsorption section 102 is not involved in replacing the gas inside the storage section 101. Therefore, there is no need to replace the adsorbent 104, and the battery 100 can be safely recovered. Thereafter, the exterior body 40 can be reused. Therefore, the running costs of the exterior body 40 can be reduced.

[0134] The inflow path 403 may be configured to communicate between a single exterior body 40 and a single container 402 .

[0135] The inflow path 403 may be configured to communicate multiple exterior bodies 40 with a single container 402. For example, when multiple exterior bodies 40 each having a third valve 401 are present, the single container 402 and the multiple exterior bodies 40 may be connected by at least one inflow path 403. Multiple inflow paths 403 may be provided, or the inflow path 403 may have multiple branch paths connected to each of the multiple exterior bodies 40. With such a configuration, the number of containers 402 can be reduced, thereby reducing costs.

[0136] There is no particular limitation on the type of valve used for third valve 401. Examples of the type of valve used for third valve 401 include a ball valve, a gate valve, a butterfly valve, and a diaphragm valve.

[0137] The opening and closing control of third valve 401 may be performed manually, automatically, or electronically. When a solenoid valve is used as third valve 401, third valve 401 can be opened from a position away from exterior body 40. For example, the state of battery 100 during operation is monitored, and when an abnormality occurs, such as an increase in internal pressure of housing 101 due to generation of the first gas, third valve 401 is opened. This allows the concentration of the first gas inside exterior body 40 to be quickly reduced.

[0138] The second gas may contain an inert gas. This configuration allows the inert gas to be easily introduced into the storage section 101. By introducing the inert gas into the storage section 101, not only can the first gas be discharged to the outside, but the concentration of combustion-supporting gases such as oxygen or flammable gases can also be reduced. This improves the safety of the battery module 140.

[0139] Examples of inert gases include nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and rare gases including argon, etc. In this case, the safety of the battery module 140 is further improved.

[0140] In the example shown in FIG. 4 , the gas adsorption unit 102 is located at the bottom of the exterior body 40. The second valve 108 is located at the bottom of the storage unit 101. The first valve 103 is located at an end of the gas adsorption unit 102. The third valve 401 is located at the top of the storage unit 101. However, the installation positions of the gas adsorption unit 102, the second valve 108, the first valve 103, and the third valve 401 are not limited to these. The gas adsorption unit 102 may be provided at any of the top, bottom, and side of the exterior body 40. The second valve 108 may be provided at any of the top, bottom, and side of the storage unit 101. The first valve 103 may be provided at a location other than the end of the gas adsorption unit 102. The third valve 401 may be provided at any of the top, bottom, and side of the storage unit 101. The positions of gas adsorption section 102, first valve 103, second valve 108, and third valve 401 can be selected appropriately depending on their positional relationship with battery 100, the specific gravity of the first gas, and the like.

[0141] 4, the third valve 401 is disposed at a connection point of the inflow path 403 with the storage unit 101. However, the third valve 401 may be disposed at a location other than the connection point of the inflow path 403 with the storage unit 101. For example, the third valve 401 may be disposed at a connection point of the inflow path 403 with the container 402. The third valve 401 may be disposed midway along the inflow path 403.

[0142] (Variation 1) Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an exterior body 11 in Modification 1. Like Fig. 1, Fig. 5 shows a state in which a plurality of batteries 100 are housed in the exterior body 11. In other words, Fig. 5 shows a battery module 111.

[0143] The exterior body 11 has a gas exhaust path 105 that leads from the gas adsorption section 102 to the outside of the exterior body 11. The first valve 103 is disposed in the gas exhaust path 105.

[0144] Even with the above configuration, the first gas passes through gas adsorption unit 102 to be reduced in concentration, and is then discharged to the outside of exterior body 11. In other words, it is not essential that first valve 103 be in contact with gas adsorption unit 102.

[0145] (Embodiment 5) The battery module according to the fifth embodiment will be described below with reference to Figures 1 to 5. Descriptions that overlap with those of the first to fourth embodiments and the first modified example will be omitted where appropriate.

[0146] The battery module in the fifth embodiment includes an exterior body according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments and the first modification, and a battery 100 disposed in a housing portion 101. That is, the battery module is the battery module 110, 120, 130, 140, or 111 shown in FIGS.

[0147] According to the above configuration, the safety of the battery module can be improved, and the energy density per volume of the battery 100 can be improved.

[0148] The battery 100 may be an all-solid-state battery.

[0149] In the present disclosure, the term "sulfide solid electrolyte" refers to a solid electrolyte containing sulfur as an anion.

[0150] In the battery module according to the fifth embodiment, the battery 100 may include a sulfide solid electrolyte. With this configuration, the power density of the battery 100 can be improved.

[0151] In the present disclosure, the term "halide solid electrolyte" refers to a solid electrolyte that contains a halogen element as an anion and does not contain sulfur.

[0152] In this disclosure, "metalloid elements" refer to B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, and Te. "Metal elements" refer to all elements in Groups 1 to 12 of the periodic table excluding hydrogen, and all elements in Groups 13 to 16 of the periodic table excluding B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, C, N, P, O, S, and Se. In other words, "metalloid elements" or "metal elements" refer to a group of elements that can become cations when forming inorganic compounds with halogen elements.

[0153] In the battery module of the fifth embodiment, the battery 100 may include a halide solid electrolyte. The halide solid electrolyte may be represented by the following composition formula (1).

[0154] Li α M β X γ ...Equation (1)

[0155] Here, α, β, and γ are each independently a value greater than 0, M includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of metal elements and metalloid elements other than Li, and X includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I.

[0156] The above configuration can improve the output characteristics of the battery 100. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the battery 100 is improved, making it possible to suppress the generation of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide.

[0157] Next, the battery 100 housed in the exterior body described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 will be described in detail.

[0158] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an electrode material 50 included in the battery 100. As shown in FIG.

[0159] The electrode material 50 includes an electrolyte 500 and an active material 501. The electrolyte 500 includes a solid electrolyte. With this configuration, the discharge voltage of the battery can be improved.

[0160] The solid electrolyte contained in the electrolyte 500 may be a halide solid electrolyte.

[0161] The halide solid electrolyte may be a material containing Li, M, and X. That is, the solid electrolyte contained in the electrolyte 500 may contain Li, M, and X. Here, the element M is at least one selected from the group consisting of metal elements and semimetal elements other than Li. The element X is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I. According to the above configuration, the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte contained in the electrolyte 500 can be further improved. This can further improve the output characteristics of the battery. In addition, the thermal stability of the battery can be improved. The halide solid electrolyte does not need to contain sulfur. If the halide solid electrolyte does not contain sulfur, the generation of hydrogen sulfide gas can be suppressed.

[0162] The halide solid electrolyte contained in the electrolyte 500 may be represented by, for example, the following composition formula (1).

[0163] Li α M β X γ ...Equation (1)

[0164] Here, α, β, and γ are each independently a value greater than 0. M includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of metal elements and metalloid elements other than Li, and X includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I. This configuration can improve the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte included in the electrolyte 500. This can improve the output characteristics of the battery. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the battery is improved, making it possible to suppress the generation of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide.

[0165] Examples of halide solid electrolytes that can be used in the electrolyte 500 include Li3YX6, Li2MgX4, Li2FeX4, Li(Al,Ga,In)X4, and Li3(Al,Ga,In)X6, where X includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I.

[0166] In the present disclosure, the notation "(A, B, C)" in a chemical formula means "at least one selected from the group consisting of A, B, and C." For example, "(Al, Ga, In)" is synonymous with "at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, and In."

[0167] The halide solid electrolyte contained in the electrolyte 500 is, for example, Li a M b Y c The compound may be a compound represented by the formula X6, where a+mb+3c=6 and c>0 are satisfied. X includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I. M includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of metal elements and metalloid elements other than Li and Y. m is the valence of the element M.

[0168] The element M may be, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Sc, Al, Ga, Bi, Zr, Hf, Ti, Sn, Ta, and Nb.

[0169] Specific examples of Y-containing halide solid electrolytes include Li3YF6, Li3YCl6, Li3YBr6, Li3YI6, Li3YBrCl5, Li3YBr3Cl3, Li3YBr5Cl, Li3YBr5I, Li3YBr3I3, Li3YBrI5, Li3YClI5, Li3YCl3I3, Li3YCl5I, Li3YBr2Cl2I2, Li3YBrCl4I, Li 2.7 Y 1.1 Cl6, Li 2.5 Y 0.5 Zr 0.5 Cl6, Li 2.5 Y 0.3 Zr 0.7 Cl6 and the like can be used.

[0170] According to the above configuration, the output characteristics of the battery can be further improved.

[0171] The solid electrolyte contained in the electrolyte 500 may be a sulfide solid electrolyte.

[0172] Sulfide solid electrolytes include Li2S-P2S5, Li2S-SiS2, Li2S-B2S3, Li2S-GeS2, and Li 3.25 Ge 0.25 P 0.75 S4, Li 10 GeP2S 12 In addition to these, LiX, Li2O, MO q , Li p MO q or the like may be added. Here, X includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I. Furthermore, M includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of P, Si, Ge, B, Al, Ga, In, Fe, and Zn. p and q are each a natural number. One or more sulfide solid electrolytes selected from the above materials may be used.

[0173] According to the above configuration, the output characteristics of the battery can be improved.

[0174] The solid electrolyte contained in the electrolyte 500 may be an oxide solid electrolyte, a polymer solid electrolyte, or a complex hydride solid electrolyte.

[0175] In the present disclosure, the term "oxide solid electrolyte" refers to a solid electrolyte containing oxygen as a major anion. The oxide solid electrolyte may further contain anions other than sulfur and halogen elements as anions other than oxygen.

[0176] Examples of oxide solid electrolytes include NASICON-type solid electrolytes, such as LiTi2(PO4)3 and its elemental substitution products, (LaLi)TiO3-based perovskite-type solid electrolytes, and Li 14 ZnGeO 16 , Li4SiO4, LiGeO4 and their element-substituted LISICON-type solid electrolytes, Li7La3Zr2O 12 Garnet-type solid electrolytes, such as those typified by elemental substitution products thereof, Li3N and its H-substituted products, Li3PO4 and its N-substituted products, and glasses and glass ceramics based on Li-BO compounds such as LiBO2 and Li3BO3 to which Li2SO4, Li2CO3, etc. have been added can be used.

[0177] As the polymer solid electrolyte, for example, a compound of a polymer compound and a lithium salt can be used. The polymer compound may have an ethylene oxide structure. A polymer compound having an ethylene oxide structure can contain a large amount of lithium salt. This can further increase ionic conductivity. As the lithium salt, LiPF6, LiBF4, LiSbF6, LiAsF6, LiSO3CF3, LiN(SO2CF3)2, LiN(SO2C2F5)2, LiN(SO2CF3)(SO2C4F9), LiC(SO2CF3)3, etc. can be used. One or more lithium salts selected from the above lithium salts can be used.

[0178] Examples of the complex hydride solid electrolyte that can be used include LiBH4-LiI and LiBH4-P2S5.

[0179] In this embodiment, the active material 501 includes a material that has the property of absorbing and releasing metal ions (for example, lithium ions). The active material 501 includes, for example, a positive electrode active material.

[0180] Examples of the positive electrode active material that can be used include lithium-containing transition metal oxides, transition metal fluorides, polyanion materials, fluorinated polyanion materials, transition metal sulfides, transition metal oxysulfides, and transition metal oxynitrides. Examples of lithium-containing transition metal oxides include Li(Ni,Co,Al)O2, Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O2, and LiCoO2. In particular, using lithium-containing transition metal oxides as the positive electrode active material can reduce manufacturing costs and increase the average discharge voltage.

[0181] The positive electrode active material may be lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, for example, Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O2.

[0182] According to the above configuration, the energy density of the battery can be further increased.

[0183] The active material 501 may be coated with a coating material. A material with low electron conductivity can be used as the coating material. Examples of the coating material include oxide materials and oxide solid electrolytes.

[0184] Examples of oxide materials that can be used include SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, B2O3, Nb2O5, WO3, and ZrO2.

[0185] Oxide solid electrolytes that can be used as coating materials include Li-Nb-O compounds such as LiNbO3, Li-BO compounds such as LiBO2 and Li3BO3, Li-Al-O compounds such as LiAlO2, Li-Si-O compounds such as Li4SiO4, Li2SO4, and Li4Ti5O. 12Li-Ti-O compounds such as Li2ZrO3, Li-Zr-O compounds such as Li2MoO3, Li-VO compounds such as LiV2O5, and Li-WO compounds such as Li2WO4.

[0186] The coating material may be an oxide solid electrolyte.

[0187] Oxide solid electrolytes have high ionic conductivity and excellent high potential stability. Therefore, by using an oxide solid electrolyte as a coating material, the charge / discharge efficiency of a battery can be further improved.

[0188] The coating material may be LiNbO3.

[0189] LiNbO3 has higher ionic conductivity and better high potential stability. Therefore, using LiNbO3 as a coating material can further improve the charge / discharge efficiency of batteries.

[0190] The coating material may contain carbonate. Carbonates have low electronic conductivity, which can prevent deterioration of the contact interface between the active material 501 and the electrolyte 500. Examples of carbonates include lithium carbonate and lithium hydrogen carbonate.

[0191] The coating material may uniformly coat the active material 501. In this case, direct contact between the active material 501 and the electrolyte 500 is suppressed, thereby suppressing side reactions of the solid electrolyte, thereby improving the charge / discharge efficiency of the battery.

[0192] The coating material may coat a portion of the active material 501. The plurality of active materials 501 come into direct contact with each other through the portion not covered with the coating material, thereby improving the electronic conductivity between particles of the active material 501. This enables the battery to operate at high power output.

[0193] The shape of the solid electrolyte contained in the electrolyte 500 is not limited. The shape of the solid electrolyte may be, for example, needle-like, spherical, or ellipsoidal. The shape of the solid electrolyte may be, for example, particulate.

[0194] When the solid electrolyte contained in the electrolyte 500 is particulate (e.g., spherical), the median diameter of the solid electrolyte may be 100 μm or less. When the median diameter of the solid electrolyte is 100 μm or less, the active material 501 and the electrolyte 500 can be well dispersed in the electrode, thereby improving the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery.

[0195] In the present disclosure, the term "median diameter" refers to the particle size when the cumulative volume in the volume-based particle size distribution is equal to 50%. The volume-based particle size distribution is measured, for example, by a laser diffraction measurement device or an image analysis device.

[0196] The median diameter of the solid electrolyte contained in electrolyte 500 may be 10 μm or less. When the median diameter of the solid electrolyte is 10 μm or less, active material 501 and electrolyte 500 can be well dispersed in the electrode.

[0197] The median diameter of the solid electrolyte contained in the electrolyte 500 may be smaller than the median diameter of the active material 501. This allows the electrolyte 500 and the active material 501 to form a better dispersed state in the electrode.

[0198] The median diameter of the active material 501 may be 0.1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. When the median diameter of the active material 501 is 0.1 μm or more, the active material 501 and the electrolyte 500 can be well dispersed in the electrode. This improves the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery. When the median diameter of the active material 501 is 100 μm or less, the lithium diffusion rate within the active material 501 increases. This allows the battery to operate at high power.

[0199] The median diameter of the active material 501 may be larger than the median diameter of the solid electrolyte contained in the electrolyte 500. This allows the active material 501 and the electrolyte 500 to form a well-dispersed state in the electrode.

[0200] In the electrode material 50, the particles of the electrolyte 500 and the particles of the active material 501 may be in contact with each other, as shown in FIG.

[0201] The electrode material 50 may include a plurality of particles of an electrolyte 500 and a plurality of particles of an active material 501 .

[0202] In the electrode material 50, the content of the electrolyte 500 and the content of the active material 501 may be the same or different from each other.

[0203] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a battery 60. The battery 60 is an example of the battery 100 housed in the exterior body described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. The battery 60 includes a positive electrode 600, an electrolyte layer 601, and a negative electrode 602. The electrolyte layer 601 is disposed between the positive electrode 600 and the negative electrode 602. At least one of the positive electrode 600 and the negative electrode 602 contains the electrode material 50 described above.

[0204] According to the above configuration, the discharge voltage of the battery 60 can be improved.

[0205] When the positive electrode 600 includes the electrode material 50, the volume ratio "v1:100-v1" of the active material 501 to the electrolyte 500 included in the positive electrode 600 may satisfy 30≦v1≦95. Here, v1 represents the volume ratio of the active material 501 when the total volume of the active material 501 and the electrolyte 500 included in the positive electrode 600 is taken as 100. When 30≦v1 is satisfied, a sufficient energy density of the battery can be ensured. When v1≦95 is satisfied, the battery 60 can operate at high output.

[0206] The average thickness of the positive electrode 600 may be 10 μm or more and 500 μm or less. When the average thickness of the positive electrode 600 is 10 μm or more, a sufficient energy density of the battery can be ensured. When the average thickness of the positive electrode 600 is 500 μm or less, the battery 60 can operate at high power.

[0207] The average thickness of the positive electrode 600 can be measured by the following method. A cross section of the positive electrode 600 is observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The cross section is a cross section parallel to the layer stacking direction and includes the center of gravity of the positive electrode 600 in a plan view. Twenty points are arbitrarily selected from the obtained cross-sectional SEM image. The thickness of the positive electrode 600 at the arbitrarily selected 20 points is measured. The average value of these measurements is regarded as the average thickness.

[0208] The electrolyte layer 601 is a layer containing an electrolyte. The electrolyte is, for example, a solid electrolyte. That is, the electrolyte layer 601 may include a solid electrolyte layer. The material listed in the fifth embodiment may be used as the solid electrolyte.

[0209] The average thickness of the electrolyte layer 601 may be 1 μm or more and 300 μm or less. When the average thickness of the electrolyte layer 601 is 1 μm or more, the positive electrode 600 and the negative electrode 602 are less likely to short-circuit. When the average thickness of the electrolyte layer 601 is 300 μm or less, the battery 60 can operate at high power.

[0210] The method for measuring the average thickness of the electrolyte layer 601 can be the same as that described above for the average thickness of the positive electrode 600. A similar method can be applied to the negative electrode 602.

[0211] The negative electrode 602 includes, for example, a material having the property of absorbing and releasing metal ions (for example, lithium ions) as a negative electrode active material.

[0212] The negative electrode active material may be a metal material, a carbon material, an oxide, a nitride, a tin compound, a silicon compound, or the like. The metal material may be a single metal. The metal material may be an alloy. Examples of metal materials include lithium metal and lithium alloys. Examples of carbon materials include natural graphite, coke, partially graphitized carbon, carbon fiber, spherical carbon, artificial graphite, and amorphous carbon. The capacity density of the battery 60 can be improved by using silicon (Si), tin (Sn), a silicon compound, a tin compound, or the like.

[0213] The negative electrode 602 may contain a solid electrolyte. The above-described structure improves the conductivity of lithium ions inside the negative electrode 602. This enables the battery to operate at high power output. The material listed in the fifth embodiment may be used as the solid electrolyte.

[0214] When the solid electrolyte contained in the negative electrode 602 is in the form of particles (for example, spheres), the median diameter of the solid electrolyte may be 100 μm or less. When the median diameter of the solid electrolyte is 100 μm or less, the negative electrode active material and the solid electrolyte can be well dispersed in the negative electrode 602. This improves the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery 60.

[0215] The median diameter of the solid electrolyte contained in the negative electrode 602 may be smaller than the median diameter of the negative electrode active material, thereby allowing the negative electrode active material and the solid electrolyte to form a well-dispersed state in the negative electrode 602.

[0216] The median diameter of the negative electrode active material may be 0.1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. When the median diameter of the negative electrode active material is 0.1 μm or more, the negative electrode active material and the solid electrolyte can be well dispersed in the negative electrode 602. This improves the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery 60. When the median diameter of the negative electrode active material is 100 μm or less, the lithium diffusion rate within the negative electrode active material increases. This allows the battery 60 to operate at high power.

[0217] The median diameter of the solid electrolyte contained in the negative electrode 602 may be smaller than the median diameter of the negative electrode active material, thereby allowing the solid electrolyte and the negative electrode active material to form a well-dispersed state.

[0218] The volume ratio "v2:100-v2" of the negative electrode active material to the solid electrolyte contained in the negative electrode 602 may satisfy 30≦v2≦95. Here, v2 represents the volume ratio of the negative electrode active material when the total volume of the negative electrode active material and the solid electrolyte contained in the negative electrode 602 is taken as 100. When 30≦v2 is satisfied, a sufficient energy density of the battery can be ensured. When v2≦95 is satisfied, the battery 60 can operate at high output.

[0219] The average thickness of the negative electrode 602 may be 10 μm or more and 500 μm or less. When the average thickness of the negative electrode 602 is 10 μm or more, a sufficient energy density of the battery can be ensured. When the average thickness of the negative electrode 602 is 500 μm or less, the battery 60 can operate at high power.

[0220] At least one selected from the group consisting of the positive electrode 600, the electrolyte layer 601, and the negative electrode 602 may contain a binder to improve adhesion between particles. The binder is used to improve the binding of the materials that make up the electrode. Examples of binders include polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, aramid resin, polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylic acid, polymethyl acrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polyhexyl acrylate, polymethacrylic acid, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polyhexyl methacrylate, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyether, polyethersulfone, hexafluoropolypropylene, styrene-butadiene rubber, and carboxymethyl cellulose. Copolymers of two or more materials selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether, vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, ethylene, propylene, pentafluoropropylene, fluoromethyl vinyl ether, acrylic acid, and hexadiene can also be used as binders. Mixtures of two or more of the above materials can also be used as binders.

[0221] At least one of the positive electrode 600 and the negative electrode 602 may contain a conductive additive to enhance electronic conductivity. Examples of conductive additives include graphites such as natural graphite and artificial graphite, carbon blacks such as acetylene black and ketjen black, conductive fibers such as carbon fiber and metal fiber, metal powders such as carbon fluoride and aluminum, conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate, conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide, and conductive polymer compounds such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene. Using a carbon conductive additive as the conductive additive can reduce costs.

[0222] The shape of the battery 60 may be, for example, a coin type, a cylindrical type, a square type, a sheet type, a button type, a flat type, or a laminate type. [Industrial Applicability]

[0223] The exterior body of the present disclosure can be used, for example, as an exterior body for a solid-state battery. [Explanation of symbols]

[0224] 10, 20, 30, 40, 11 Exterior body 100 batteries 110,120,130,140,111 Battery Module 101 Storage unit 102 Gas adsorption section 103 First Valve 104 Adsorbent 105 Gas Exhaust Route 107 Communication path 108 Second Valve 201 Exhaust space 401 Third Valve 402 Container 403 Inflow route 50 Electrode materials 500 electrolytes 501 Active material 60 batteries 600 positive electrode 601 Electrolyte layer 602 negative electrode

Claims

1. An exterior body, a housing portion for housing a battery; a gas adsorption unit located outside the storage unit, the gas adsorption unit having an adsorbent capable of adsorbing a first gas generated inside the storage unit; a first valve that discharges the first gas from the gas adsorption unit to the outside of the exterior body; Equipped with the first gas includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a halogen gas and a halogen gas precursor; the halogen gas contains at least one selected from the group consisting of F 2 , Cl 2 , Br 2 , and I 2 ; The halogen gas precursor includes a compound that hydrolyzes to produce a hydrogen halide or a hypohalous acid.

2. the first valve is connected to the gas adsorption unit or is disposed in a gas exhaust path extending from the gas adsorption unit to the outside of the exterior body; The exterior body according to claim 1 .

3. the first valve is disposed at an end of the gas adsorption unit; The exterior body according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The gas adsorption unit is located at the bottom of the exterior body. The exterior body according to claim 1 .

5. a discharge space located between the storage section and the gas adsorption section in a flow direction of the first gas, The first gas is guided to the gas adsorption section through the exhaust space. The exterior body according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The storage unit and the gas adsorption unit are in communication with each other. The exterior body according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. at least one communication passage that communicates the storage section with the gas adsorption section; at least one second valve disposed in the at least one communication passage; The exterior body according to claim 1 , further comprising:

8. The second valve is located at the bottom of the container. The exterior body according to claim 7.

9. the at least one communication passage includes a plurality of the communication passages, the at least one second valve includes a plurality of the second valves; The exterior body according to claim 7 or 8.

10. the first valve and the second valve are pressure valves; When the opening pressure of the first valve is defined as P1 and the opening pressure of the second valve is defined as P2, P1≧P2 is satisfied. The exterior body according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

11. Further provided with a third valve for introducing a second gas into the storage section. The exterior body according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. the third valve is connectable to a container storing the second gas; The exterior body according to claim 11.

13. The third valve is disposed in an upper portion of the storage portion. The exterior body according to claim 11 or 12.

14. The second gas comprises an inert gas. The exterior body according to any one of claims 11 to 13.

15. The first gas includes hydrogen sulfide gas. The exterior body according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. The adsorbent contains at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate. The exterior body according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. The adsorbent contains at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium aluminate, potassium oxide, potassium carbonate, and potassium bicarbonate. The exterior body according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. The adsorbent includes at least one selected from the group consisting of silica gel, zeolite, and activated carbon. The exterior body according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. An exterior body, a housing portion for housing a battery; a gas adsorption unit located outside the storage unit, the gas adsorption unit having an adsorbent capable of adsorbing a first gas generated inside the storage unit; a first valve that discharges the first gas from the gas adsorption unit to the outside of the exterior body; Equipped with The outer packaging body, wherein the adsorbent comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium aluminate, potassium oxide, potassium carbonate, and potassium hydrogen carbonate.

20. An exterior body, a housing portion for housing a battery; a gas adsorption unit located outside the storage unit, the gas adsorption unit having an adsorbent capable of adsorbing a first gas generated inside the storage unit; a first valve that discharges the first gas from the gas adsorption unit to the outside of the exterior body; a third valve for introducing a second gas into the container; An exterior body comprising:

21. The exterior body according to any one of claims 1 to 20; a battery disposed in the housing portion of the exterior body; A battery module comprising:

22. The battery includes a sulfide solid electrolyte. The battery module according to claim 21.

23. the battery includes a halide solid electrolyte; The halide solid electrolyte is represented by the following composition formula (1): Li α M β X γ ... Formula (1) where α, β, and γ are each independently greater than 0; M contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of metal elements and metalloid elements other than Li, X contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I; The battery module according to claim 21 or 22.

24. An exterior body, a battery housing portion for housing a battery; an adsorbent housing portion located outside the battery housing portion and filled with an adsorbent capable of adsorbing a first gas generated inside the battery housing portion; a first valve that discharges the first gas from the adsorbent housing portion to the outside of the exterior body; Equipped with the first gas includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a halogen gas and a halogen gas precursor; the halogen gas contains at least one selected from the group consisting of F 2 , Cl 2 , Br 2 , and I 2 ; The halogen gas precursor includes a compound that hydrolyzes to produce a hydrogen halide or a hypohalous acid.

25. An exterior body, a battery housing portion for housing a battery; an adsorbent housing portion located outside the battery housing portion and filled with an adsorbent capable of adsorbing a first gas generated inside the battery housing portion; a first valve that discharges the first gas from the adsorbent housing portion to the outside of the exterior body; Equipped with The outer packaging body, wherein the adsorbent comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium aluminate, potassium oxide, potassium carbonate, and potassium hydrogen carbonate.

26. An exterior body, a battery housing portion for housing a battery; an adsorbent housing portion located outside the battery housing portion and filled with an adsorbent capable of adsorbing a first gas generated inside the battery housing portion; a first valve that discharges the first gas from the adsorbent housing portion to the outside of the exterior body; a third valve for introducing a second gas into the battery housing portion; An exterior body comprising:

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