CO2 capture device control device

Abstract

To improve the utilization efficiency of energy while achieving carbon neutrality.SOLUTION: A control device of a CO2 recovery apparatus includes: a first acquisition part 30 acquiring the ratio of the weight of biomass derivation trash and non-biomass derivation trash to the weight of trash charged into an incinerator 12; a first calculation part 31 calculating the ratio of CO2 generated from the biomass derivation trash and the non-biomass derivation trash to CO2 generated from the trash corresponding to the ratio of the acquired biomass derivation trash and the non-biomass derivation trash; and a second calculation part 32 calculating the intake amount of an exhaust gas to the CO2 recovery apparatus corresponding to the ratio of CO2 generated from the calculated non-biomass derivation trash and the flow rate of the exhaust gas.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a control device for a CO2 recovery device that recovers CO2 (carbon dioxide) contained in exhaust gas discharged from a combustion furnace. Place Regarding. [Background technology]

[0002] Generally, in plant facilities such as power plants, steel mills, and waste incineration plants, CO2 is captured from the exhaust gas generated when fuel or garbage (combustible materials) is burned in a combustion furnace by treating all of the exhaust gas in a CO2 capture system, or by treating only a portion of the exhaust gas according to the required amount of CO2. In this type of CO2 capture system, when partially treating the exhaust gas, the CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas is measured, and the amount of exhaust gas to be taken in is determined so as to achieve the desired required amount of CO2 to be captured (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5237204 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In recent years, in order to achieve carbon neutrality in the above-mentioned plant facilities, there has been a demand for further reductions in CO2 emissions from combustion furnaces, which are the source of CO2 emissions.Since CO2 capture devices use a large amount of thermal energy and electricity to power the device, the more CO2 is captured, the less energy can be obtained through power generation and waste heat utilization, which poses a problem of reduced energy utilization efficiency.

[0005] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure has been made in view of the above, and aims to improve energy utilization efficiency while achieving carbon neutrality. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the objectives, the control device of the CO2 recovery device disclosed herein is a control device that is arranged downstream of a combustion furnace that combusts a mixture of biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material, and controls the operation of the CO2 recovery device that recovers CO2 from the exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and is equipped with a first acquisition unit that acquires the ratio of the weight of the biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material to the weight of the combustion material fed into the combustion furnace, a first calculation unit that calculates the ratio of CO2 generated from the biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material to the CO2 generated from the combustion material based on the acquired ratio of the biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material, and a second calculation unit that calculates the amount of exhaust gas taken into the CO2 recovery device based on the calculated ratio of CO2 generated from the non-biomass-derived combustion material and the flow rate of the exhaust gas.

[0007] The system also includes a planning unit that plans a planned CO2 recovery amount to be recovered in a specific period based on the amount of CO2 generated in the specific period and the ratio of CO2 generated from non-biomass-derived combustion materials, and a setting unit that sets a target CO2 recovery amount to be recovered per unit period shorter than the specific period in accordance with the planned CO2 recovery amount, and the second calculation unit may calculate the amount of exhaust gas intake in accordance with the target CO2 recovery amount and the flow rate of the exhaust gas.

[0008] The CO2 recovery device may also be provided with an adjustment unit that is connected via a flow control device to a branch flow path branched off from the exhaust gas flow path connecting the combustion furnace and the chimney, and that adjusts the opening degree of the flow control device according to the calculated amount of exhaust gas taken in.

[0009] The setting unit may also set the target CO2 recovery amount to be equal to or greater than the amount of CO2 recovery necessary to achieve carbon neutrality.

[0010] The second calculation unit may set the flue gas intake ratio from the target CO2 capture amount and a predetermined preliminary capture rate, and calculate the flue gas intake amount from this flue gas intake ratio and the flue gas flow rate.

[0011] The system may also include a power generation device that generates power using the heat of exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and a second acquisition unit that acquires a forecast of power demand, and the setting unit may calculate a target CO2 recovery amount that is smaller during periods of high power demand than in other periods, and a target CO2 recovery amount that is larger during periods of low power demand, while maintaining the planned CO2 recovery amount.

[0012] In addition, the planning unit calculates the planned CO2 capture amount from the start of a specific period to a specified point in time, and the first measurement unit measures the actual CO2 capture amount captured from the start of the specific period to the specified point in time.If the calculated planned CO2 capture amount does not match the measured actual CO2 capture amount, the setting unit may re-calculate the target CO2 capture amount according to the difference between the planned CO2 capture amount and the actual CO2 capture amount.

[0013] The setting unit may also divide the difference between the planned CO2 recovery amount and the actual CO2 recovery amount equally by the remaining unit period of the specific period, and set a new target CO2 recovery amount from this equally divided value and the previous target CO2 recovery amount.

[0014] The system may also include a third acquisition unit that acquires the planned CO2 capture amount for a specific period planned at the other factory, and the second acquisition unit acquires the electricity demand forecast for each region of the own factory and the other factory for the specific period, and the setting unit may set the target CO2 capture amount according to the ratio of the electricity demand in the own factory's region to the electricity demand in the entire region of the own factory and the other factory, while maintaining the total planned CO2 capture amount of the own factory and the other factory.

[0015] The device may be provided with a second measuring unit that measures the weight ratio of each predetermined composition of the combustion material, and the first acquisition unit may acquire the weight ratio of the biomass-derived combustion material and the non-biomass-derived combustion material to the weight of the combustion material based on the measurement value of the second measuring unit.

[0016] Furthermore, a control method for a CO2 recovery device according to the present disclosure is a control method for controlling the operation of a CO2 recovery device that is arranged downstream of a combustion furnace that combusts a mixture of biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material and that recovers CO2 from exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and includes the steps of: acquiring the ratio of the weight of the biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material to the weight of the combustion material fed into the combustion furnace; calculating the ratio of CO2 generated from the biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material to the CO2 generated from the combustion material based on the acquired ratio of the biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material; and calculating the amount of exhaust gas to be taken into the CO2 recovery device based on the calculated ratio of CO2 generated from the non-biomass-derived combustion material and the flow rate of the exhaust gas.

[0017] In addition, the program according to the present disclosure is a program for controlling the operation of a CO2 recovery device that is placed downstream of a combustion furnace that burns a mixture of biomass-derived and non-biomass-derived combustion materials and recovers CO2 from exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace, and causes a computer operating as a control device for the CO2 recovery device to execute the following steps: acquiring the ratio of the weight of the biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material to the weight of the combustion material fed into the combustion furnace; calculating the ratio of CO2 generated from the biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material to the CO2 generated from the combustion material based on the acquired ratio of the biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material; and calculating the amount of exhaust gas taken into the CO2 recovery device based on the calculated ratio of CO2 generated from the non-biomass-derived combustion material and the flow rate of the exhaust gas. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, it is possible to achieve carbon neutrality while improving energy utilization efficiency. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a waste incineration plant equipped with a CO 2 recovery device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the control device of the CO2 recovery device. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the control procedure of the CO2 recovery device. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a chart showing the relationship between the weight ratio of biomass-derived waste and non-biomass-derived waste and the CO2 emission coefficient. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the control device of the CO2 recovery apparatus according to the second embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the control procedure of the CO2 recovery device. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between power generation output and CO2 recovery amount. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the control device of the CO2 recovery apparatus according to the third embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the control procedure of the CO2 recovery device. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the control device of the CO2 recovery apparatus according to the fourth embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the control procedure of the CO2 recovery device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] Hereinafter, a control device and a control method for a CO2 recovery device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to this embodiment.

[0021] [Embodiment 1] Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a waste incineration plant equipped with a control device for a CO2 capture device according to the first embodiment. Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the control device for a CO2 capture device. A waste incineration plant (plant facility) 10 collects and incinerates waste (combustible material) discarded from households and the like, and uses the thermal energy generated when the waste is incinerated to generate electricity. In this embodiment, a waste incineration plant is exemplified as the plant facility, but a power plant or steelworks may also be used as long as it is configured to combust a mixture of biomass-derived combustion material and non-biomass-derived combustion material, which will be described later.

[0022] In Japan, waste treated at waste incineration plants 10 is divided into six groups based on its composition: (1) paper and cloth, (2) vinyl, (3) wood, bamboo, and straw, (4) kitchen waste (food waste), (5) non-combustible waste, and (6) others. Of these, (1) paper and cloth, (3) wood, bamboo, and straw, and (4) kitchen waste are organic resources derived from living organisms, excluding fossil resources, and are treated as biomass-derived waste (biomass-derived combustible waste). In addition, waste other than biomass-derived waste, such as (2) vinyl, (5) non-combustible waste, and (6) others, is treated as non-biomass-derived waste (non-biomass-derived combustible waste).

[0023] As shown in FIG. 1, a waste incineration plant 10 includes a pit 11, an incinerator (combustion furnace) 12, a power generation device 13, an exhaust gas treatment device 14, a CO2 capture device 15, a chimney 16, and a control device 17. The incinerator (combustion furnace) 12, the power generation device 13, the exhaust gas treatment device 14, and the chimney 16 are connected in series by an exhaust flow path 18 through which exhaust gas flows. The CO2 capture device 15 is connected to the exhaust flow path 18 between the exhaust gas treatment device 14 and the chimney 16 by a branch flow path 19 that branches off from the exhaust flow path 18 and takes in exhaust gas, and a return flow path 20 that returns the remaining exhaust gas to the exhaust flow path 18 after capturing the required amount of CO2. The branch flow path 19 is provided with an exhaust gas intake valve (flow rate control device) 21 whose valve opening is adjustable to adjust the amount of exhaust gas taken in. The CO2 capture device 15 is also provided with a recovery flow path 22 through which the captured CO2 flows. In this embodiment, a valve 21 is used as an example of a flow control device that adjusts the intake amount of exhaust gas flowing through the branch flow path 19, but this is not limited to this and anything that can adjust the intake amount (flow rate) of exhaust gas may be used, for example, a damper.

[0024] Pit 11 is used to temporarily store waste (combustible materials) discharged from households and the like, and contains a mixture of the biomass-derived waste and non-biomass-derived waste described above in pit 11. The waste stored in pit 11 is then dumped into incinerator 12 using, for example, a crane.

[0025] The incinerator 12 is an area where the input waste is incinerated, and air (oxygen) required for combustion is introduced by a fan or the like. The waste incinerated in the incinerator 12 is discarded as incineration residue. The exhaust gas generated by the incineration of the waste in the incinerator 12 flows into the power generation device 13 through the exhaust flow path 18. The power generation device 13 generates electricity by utilizing the thermal energy of the exhaust gas. It has a boiler that uses the thermal energy to heat water and generate high-temperature steam, and a steam turbine generator that uses the generated high-temperature, high-pressure steam to rotate a turbine and generate electricity. The generated electricity can be used within the waste disposal plant or transmitted to a power company. In the example of FIG. 1, the power generation device 13 is shown as being separate from the incinerator 12, but the power generation device 13 may also be configured to be installed above the incinerator 12. The exhaust gas used for heat generation in the power generation device 13 flows into the exhaust gas treatment device 14.

[0026] The exhaust gas treatment device 14 removes harmful substances from the exhaust gas, and is equipped with a removal device that removes harmful substances by reacting them with hydrated lime, a filter device that removes fine fly ash (dust) from the exhaust gas, and a solidification device that adds cement and water to the collected dust to solidify it.

[0027] The CO2 capture device 15 takes in some or all of the exhaust gas and captures the CO2 contained in the exhaust gas. Specifically, the CO2 capture device 15 brings the exhaust gas into contact with an amine-based absorbing solution in an absorption tower (not shown) to produce a rich solution in which CO2 has been absorbed into the absorbing solution. The CO2 capture device 15 also sends the rich solution to a regeneration tower (not shown), where it is heated with excess steam to liberate the CO2 contained in the rich solution and regenerate the absorbing solution, which is then circulated back to the absorption tower. The liberated CO2 is then captured and sent to a CO2 utilization destination via the recovery flow path 22. The CO2 is used, for example, to grow plants in a plant factory or to synthesize chemicals.

[0028] The chimney 16 is a cylindrical structure that discharges exhaust gas that has undergone a series of treatments into the atmosphere. In the example of Fig. 1, a flow rate sensor 23 that measures the flow rate of exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust flow path 18 is provided in the exhaust flow path 18 between the exhaust gas treatment device 14 and the branch flow path 19. In addition, a sensor 24 that measures the amount (weight) of CO2 recovered from the flow rate of CO2 flowing through the recovery flow path 22 is provided in the recovery flow path 22. This sensor 24 may measure the amount of CO2 recovered, for example, from a change in weight in the area where CO2 is recovered.

[0029] In recent years, the above-mentioned waste incineration plant 10 has been required to further reduce CO2 emissions from the incinerator 12, which is a CO2 emission source, in order to achieve carbon neutrality. The waste incineration plant 10 is equipped with the above-mentioned CO2 capture device 15, which utilizes a large amount of thermal energy and electricity to regenerate the absorbent and power the device. Therefore, as the amount of CO2 captured increases, the amount of energy obtained through power generation and waste heat utilization decreases, resulting in a problem of reduced energy utilization efficiency. In this embodiment, the control device 17 of the CO2 capture device 15 calculates the amount of flue gas to be introduced into the CO2 capture device 15 based on the proportion of CO2 generated from non-biomass-derived waste and the flue gas flow rate, thereby achieving carbon neutrality while improving energy utilization efficiency. Here, carbon neutrality refers to capturing an amount of CO2 within a predetermined range (±20%) of the theoretical amount of CO2 captured based on non-biomass-derived waste, taking into account variations in waste quality and other measurement errors. That is, in carbon neutral, CO2 generated when non-biomass-derived waste (materials derived from fossil resources) is burned is captured, thereby substantially preventing the amount of CO2 equivalent to that generated from the non-biomass-derived waste from being emitted into the atmosphere. Note that carbon neutral does not only offset the amount of CO2 emitted and captured, but may also include a configuration in which the amount of CO2 captured is greater than the amount emitted (so-called carbon negative).

[0030] As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 17 includes a first acquisition unit 30, a first calculation unit 31, a second calculation unit 32, an adjustment unit 33, a memory unit 34, and a control unit 35. The first acquisition unit 30 acquires the weight ratio of biomass-derived waste and non-biomass-derived waste relative to the total weight of discarded waste (combustible materials fed into the incinerator 12). In Japan, waste quality surveys and analyses are mandatory at least four times a year, and the weight ratio of waste is measured for each of six standard compositions. As mentioned above, these six compositions are (1) paper and cloth, (2) vinyl, (3) wood, bamboo, and straw, (4) kitchen waste (food waste), (5) non-combustible waste, and (6) others. Of these, (1) paper and cloth, (3) wood, bamboo, and straw, and (4) kitchen waste are treated as biomass-derived waste. In addition, (2) vinyl, (5) non-combustible materials, and (6) others, other than biomass-derived waste, are treated as non-biomass-derived waste.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first acquisition unit 30 acquires data on the weight proportions of biomass-derived waste and non-biomass-derived waste based on the weight proportions of each composition measured during the waste quality survey and analysis, and uses this data until the next survey and analysis. The data from the most recent survey and analysis is stored in the memory unit 34, and can be read and acquired from the memory unit 34 each time. In addition, a sensor (second measurement unit) 25 that measures the weight proportions of each predetermined composition of waste may be provided above the pit 11, and the first acquisition unit 30 may acquire data on the weight proportions of biomass-derived waste and non-biomass-derived waste as needed based on the measurements of this sensor 25.

[0032] The first calculation unit 31 calculates the ratio of CO2 generated from the biomass-derived waste and non-biomass-derived waste to the CO2 generated when the waste is burned, based on the obtained ratio of biomass-derived waste and non-biomass-derived waste. The first calculation unit 31 calculates the ratio of CO2 generated from the biomass-derived waste and non-biomass-derived waste from the CO2 emission coefficient and weight ratio of each component described above. The specific calculation method will be described later.

[0033] The second calculation unit 32 calculates the amount of exhaust gas to be taken into the CO2 capture device 15 based on the calculated proportion of CO2 generated from the non-biomass-derived waste and the flow rate of the exhaust gas. As described above, biomass-derived waste is organic resources derived from living organisms minus fossil resources. When biomass-derived waste is burned, it is thought that new plants will absorb the CO2 generated and grow. Therefore, in theory, biomass-derived waste will essentially have zero net CO2 (i.e., be carbon neutral).

[0034] Therefore, to achieve carbon neutrality, it is necessary to capture CO2 generated from non-biomass-derived waste, and the proportion of CO2 generated from non-biomass-derived waste is the proportion of CO2 to be captured. In this embodiment, the second calculation unit 32 calculates the amount of flue gas to be taken into the CO2 capture device 15 from the calculated proportion of CO2 generated from non-biomass-derived waste, the CO2 capture rate α of the CO2 capture device 15, and the flow rate of flue gas. A specific calculation method will be described later.

[0035] The adjustment unit 33 adjusts the valve opening of the flue gas intake valve 21 according to the calculated amount of flue gas taken in. The memory unit 34 stores various data. In this embodiment, it stores data on the weight proportions of biomass-derived waste and non-biomass-derived waste obtained based on the weight proportions of each composition measured during the investigation and analysis of the waste quality. The control unit 35 comprehensively controls each operation of the CO2 capture device 15.

[0036] Next, the operation of the control device 17 of the CO2 recovery device 15 will be described. Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing the control procedure for the CO2 recovery device. Fig. 4 is a chart showing the relationship between the weight ratio of biomass-derived waste and non-biomass-derived waste and the CO2 emission coefficient.

[0037] First, the control device 17 acquires the weight ratio of biomass-derived waste to the total weight of waste (step S1). As mentioned above, waste is divided into six groups based on its composition, and in Japan, regular (four times a year) surveys and analyses of waste quality are mandatory. For this reason, when these surveys and analyses are conducted, the weight of waste for each composition is measured, and the weight ratios of biomass-derived waste and non-biomass-derived waste to the total waste weight are measured. The data from these measurements is stored in the memory unit 34 and used until data from the next survey and analysis is available.

[0038] Next, the control device 17 calculates the proportion η [%] of CO2 generated when the biomass-derived waste is burned (step S2). As shown in Figure 4, if the components contained in the waste are biomass A, biomass B, non-biomass C, and non-biomass D, and the weights of these components are WA, WB, WC, and WD, respectively, and the CO2 emission coefficients are XA, XB, XC, and XD, the proportion η of CO2 generated when the biomass-derived waste is burned is calculated using formula (1).

number

[0039] In addition, from the weight proportion of each waste component, for example, by using the formula established in the Feed-in Tariff Scheme for Renewable Energy (Fit Scheme), the biomass-derived power generation ratio ηb [%] can be calculated according to the ratio of biomass-derived heat generation and non-biomass-derived heat generation, and this calculated biomass-derived power generation ratio ηb can be used as the CO2 ratio η generated when biomass-derived waste is burned.

[0040] Next, the control device 17 uses the flow sensor 23 to measure the flow rate Q of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust flow path 18 (step S3). Next, the control device 17 calculates the amount of exhaust gas taken up Q1 into the CO2 capture device 15 (step S4). Here, the proportion of CO2 to be captured is the proportion of CO2 generated when the non-biomass-derived waste is burned (1-η / 100), so the exhaust gas take-up proportion γ is calculated from the proportion of CO2 generated when the non-biomass-derived waste is burned (1-η / 100) and the CO2 capture rate α of the CO2 capture device, as shown in equation (2).

number

[0041] Therefore, the flue gas intake amount Q1 can be calculated by the product (γ·Q) of the flue gas intake ratio γ and the flue gas flow rate Q. The flue gas intake ratio γ may also be calculated by setting a preliminary capture rate for the amount of CO2 to be captured (the target CO2 capture amount described below). With this configuration, the flue gas intake ratio γ can be calculated using the amount of CO2 to be captured and the preliminary capture rate, and the flue gas intake ratio γ and flue gas intake amount Q1 can be easily calculated.

[0042] Next, the control device 17 controls the opening of the flue gas intake valve 21 so that the calculated flue gas intake amount Q1 is achieved (step S5). As a result, an appropriate flue gas intake amount Q1 flows into the CO2 capture device 15, allowing it to capture CO2 generated when non-biomass-derived waste is burned. Furthermore, because excessive CO2 is not captured, the generated electricity and thermal energy can be used effectively. Therefore, with this configuration, it is possible to achieve carbon neutrality while improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0043] [Embodiment 2] Next, a control device of a CO2 recovery device according to embodiment 2 will be described. Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the control device of a CO2 recovery device according to embodiment 2. The same components as those in embodiment 1 are assigned the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. As shown in Fig. 5, the control device 17A includes a first acquisition unit 30, a first calculation unit 31, a second calculation unit 32, an adjustment unit 33, a storage unit 34, a control unit 35, a planning unit 36, a setting unit 37, and a second acquisition unit 38.

[0044] The planning unit 36 ​​calculates and plans a planned CO2 capture amount to be captured in a specific period based on the amount of CO2 generated in the specific period and the ratio of CO2 generated from non-biomass-derived combustion materials. This planned CO2 capture amount is the amount of CO2 to be captured in the specific period. The specific period is arbitrarily set as a capture period, and is set to, for example, one day, but it can also be one year or one month. A specific method for calculating the planned CO2 capture amount will be described later.

[0045] The setting unit 37 calculates and sets a target CO2 capture amount to be captured per unit period shorter than the specific period, based on the calculated planned CO2 capture amount. The setting unit 37 sets a capture amount equal to or greater than the CO2 capture amount necessary to achieve carbon neutrality as the target CO2 capture amount. In other words, if carbon neutrality is achieved, the setting unit 37 may not only offset the amount of CO2 emitted per unit period from non-biomass-derived combustion materials with the target CO2 capture amount, but may also set the target CO2 capture amount to be greater than the amount of CO2 emitted. The unit period is set to, for example, one hour, and the planned CO2 capture amount divided by the time period becomes the target CO2 capture amount.

[0046] The second acquisition unit 38 acquires the electricity demand forecast. More specifically, in an area supplied by a power company that transmits all or part of the electricity generated at the waste incineration plant, the second acquisition unit 38 acquires the electricity demand forecast for a specific period predicted (also called a forecast) from past electricity demand. In this embodiment, information on the electricity demand forecast is acquired, but the second acquisition unit 38 may also forecast the electricity demand.

[0047] Next, the operation of the control device 17A of the CO2 recovery device 15 will be described. Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing the control procedure for the CO2 recovery device. Fig. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between power generation output and CO2 recovery amount. Explanation of operations similar to those in the first embodiment will be omitted. First, the control device 17A obtains the proportion of the weight of biomass-derived waste in the weight of waste (step S11).

[0048] Next, the control device 17A calculates the planned amount of CO2 to be recovered in the specific period (step S12). The planned amount of CO2 to be recovered is the amount of CO2 to be recovered in the specific period, and corresponds to the amount of CO2 generated when non-biomass-derived waste is burned in the specific period. Therefore, the control device 17A calculates the proportion (1-η / 100) [%] of CO2 generated when non-biomass-derived waste is burned, and compares this value with the total amount of CO2 C emitted in the specific period. tot Planned CO2 capture volume C y is calculated using equation (3). The total amount of CO2 emitted during this specific period, C tot can be obtained from, for example, past discharge status.

number

[0049] Next, the control device 17A calculates the target amount of CO2 captured in a unit period (step S13). In this embodiment, the specific period is set to one day, and the unit period is set to one hour. In this case, the target amount of CO2 captured can be calculated by dividing the calculated planned amount of CO2 captured by the time period (dividing by 24).

[0050] Next, the control device 17A acquires forecasted power demand for a specific period (step S14). That is, it acquires information on the forecast of daily power demand changes. Usually, power demand in an area to which a power company supplies power is not uniform, and for example, power demand tends to be higher during the day than at night. For this reason, forecasted information on daily power demand changes is acquired and used for CO2 capture.

[0051] Next, the control device 17A recalculates the target CO2 capture amount according to the acquired power demand forecast (step S15). That is, while maintaining the planned CO2 capture amount, the control device 17A recalculates by decreasing the target CO2 capture amount so that power generation output is higher during time periods when power prices are high or power demand is high compared to other time periods, and increasing the target CO2 capture amount so that power generation output is lower during time periods when power prices are low or power demand is low compared to other time periods, as shown in Fig. 7. This makes it possible to effectively use energy while maintaining the planned CO2 capture amount to be captured in one day (specific period).

[0052] Next, the control device 17A uses the flow sensor 23 to measure the flow rate Q of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust flow path 18 (step S16). Next, the control device 17A calculates the amount Q1 of exhaust gas intake into the CO2 capture device 15 (step S17) and controls the opening of the exhaust gas intake valve 21 so that the calculated amount Q1 of exhaust gas intake is achieved (step S18). In this case, for example, the amount Q1 of exhaust gas intake can be calculated from the calculated target CO2 capture amount, the flow rate Q of the exhaust gas, the CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas intake ratio γ. The CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas may be measured together with the flow rate Q of the exhaust gas, or data obtained in advance may be used. This configuration makes it possible to effectively utilize the generated electric power and thermal energy, thereby achieving carbon neutrality and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0053] [Embodiment 3] Next, a control device of a CO2 recovery device according to embodiment 3 will be described. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the control device of a CO2 recovery device according to embodiment 3. The same components as those in embodiments 1 and 2 are assigned the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 8, the control device 17B includes a first acquisition unit 30, a first calculation unit 31, a second calculation unit 32, an adjustment unit 33, a storage unit 34, a control unit 35, a planning unit 36, a setting unit 37, a second acquisition unit 38, and a first measurement unit 39.

[0054] The planning unit 36 ​​calculates the planned CO2 capture amount to be captured during the specific period, and also calculates the planned CO2 capture amount from the start of the specific period to a predetermined point in time. For example, if the specific period is one month, the planning unit 36 ​​calculates the planned CO2 capture amount to be captured during this month, and also calculates the planned CO2 capture amount from the start of the specific period to a predetermined point in time. This planned CO2 capture amount is the amount that is planned to be achieved from the start of the specific period to a predetermined point in time in order to achieve the planned CO2 capture amount. For example, if the planned CO2 capture amount for the specific period is α, the planned CO2 capture amount from the start of the specific period to halfway through the specific period is α / 2. Furthermore, the planned CO2 capture amount is the amount of CO2 to be captured during the specific period, and corresponds to the amount of CO2 generated when non-biomass-derived waste is burned during the specific period.

[0055] The first measurement unit 39, for example, uses the sensor 24 provided in the recovery passageway 22 to measure the amount (weight) of CO2 actually recovered from the flow rate of CO2 flowing through the recovery passageway 22. Specifically, the actual amount of CO2 recovered can be measured from the flow rate of CO2 flowing through the recovery passageway 22 and the weight per unit volume.

[0056] In the CO2 recovery device 15, if CO2 is being recovered normally, the calculated planned CO2 recovery amount will match the actual CO2 recovery amount, but under actual operating conditions, it is expected that the planned CO2 recovery amount will not match the actual CO2 recovery amount due to measurement errors, etc.

[0057] In this embodiment, if the calculated planned CO2 recovery amount does not match the measured actual CO2 recovery amount, the setting unit 37 reviews (recalculates) the target CO2 recovery amount according to the difference between the planned CO2 recovery amount and the actual CO2 recovery amount.

[0058] Next, the operation of the control device 17B of the CO2 recovery device 15 will be described. Figure 9 is a flowchart showing the control procedure for the CO2 recovery device. Explanations of operations similar to those in the first and second embodiments will be omitted. First, the control device 17B acquires the proportion of the weight of biomass-derived waste in the weight of waste (step S21).

[0059] Next, the control device 17B calculates the planned CO2 capture amount (planned value) to be captured during the specific period (target period) (step S22). The planned CO2 capture amount is the amount of CO2 to be captured during the specific period, and corresponds to the amount of CO2 generated when non-biomass-derived waste is burned during the specific period. Therefore, the control device 17B calculates the planned CO2 capture amount to be captured during the specific period in the same manner as described above.

[0060] Next, the control device 17B calculates a target amount of CO2 captured (target value) to be captured in a unit period (fixed period) (step S23). In this embodiment, the specific period is set to one week, and the unit period is set to one day. In this case, the target amount of CO2 captured can be calculated by dividing the calculated planned amount of CO2 captured by the number of days (by 7).

[0061] Next, the control device 17B calculates the amount Q1 of exhaust gas taken into the CO2 recovery device 15 (step S24). That is, the control device 17B can calculate the amount Q1 of exhaust gas taken into the CO2 recovery device 15 from the flow rate Q of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust flow path 18 measured using the flow rate sensor 23, the calculated target CO2 recovery amount, and the CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas take-up ratio γ described above. Then, the control device 17B controls the opening degree of the exhaust gas intake valve 21 so that the calculated amount Q1 of exhaust gas taken into the CO2 recovery device 15 is achieved (step S25).

[0062] Next, the control device 17B acquires the actual amount of CO2 recovered by the CO2 recovery device 15 (step S26). Specifically, the actual amount of CO2 recovered is calculated and acquired from the flow rate of CO2 measured by the sensor 24 provided in the recovery flow path 22 and the weight per unit volume of CO2.

[0063] Next, the control device 17B calculates the planned CO2 capture amount from the start of the specific period to a predetermined point in time, and determines whether or not this planned CO2 capture amount matches the actual CO2 capture amount (step S27). If this determination determines that the planned CO2 capture amount matches the actual CO2 capture amount (step S27; Yes), the process ends. On the other hand, if the planned CO2 capture amount does not match the actual CO2 capture amount (step S27; No), the control device 17B returns the process to step S23 and calculates the target CO2 capture amount again. Specifically, if the actual CO2 capture amount is smaller than the planned CO2 capture amount, the control device 17B calculates the difference between the planned CO2 capture amount and the actual CO2 capture amount, and then divides this difference equally by the number of remaining days in the specific period to obtain a new target CO2 capture amount. Furthermore, if the actual CO2 capture amount is greater than the planned CO2 capture amount, the difference between the planned CO2 capture amount and the actual CO2 capture amount is calculated, and this difference is divided equally by the number of days remaining in the specific period (unit period), and the result is subtracted from the previous target CO2 capture amount to determine the new target CO2 capture amount. With this configuration, if the actual CO2 capture amount is smaller or larger than the planned CO2 capture amount, the difference between the planned CO2 capture amount and the actual CO2 capture amount is calculated, and the result is divided equally by the number of days remaining in the specific period, and the result is added to or subtracted from the previous target CO2 capture amount to determine the new target CO2 capture amount. This makes it possible to review the target CO2 capture amount before the specific period has elapsed, and to achieve carbon neutrality for the specific period.

[0064] [Embodiment 4] Next, a control device of a CO2 capture device according to a fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the control device of a CO2 capture device according to the fourth embodiment. The same components as those in the first to third embodiments are assigned the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, a plurality of waste incineration plants cooperate to capture CO2 generated when non-biomass-derived waste discharged from each other's waste incineration plants. In other words, while achieving carbon neutrality when viewed from the perspective of all waste incineration plants, the amount of CO2 to be captured is allocated according to the electricity demand in each plant's area.

[0065] 10, the control device 17C includes a first acquisition unit 30, a first calculation unit 31, a second calculation unit 32, an adjustment unit 33, a memory unit 34, a control unit 35, a planning unit 36, a setting unit 37, a second acquisition unit 38, a first measurement unit 39, and a third acquisition unit 40. This control device 17C is provided in each of the CO2 capture devices 15 at each of the waste incineration plants, and controls the operation of the CO2 capture devices 15 at each of the plants in cooperation with each other. The control devices 17C of the CO2 capture devices 15 at each of the plants have the same configuration, and one control device will be described as an example.

[0066] In this embodiment, the second acquisition unit 38 acquires not only the power demand forecast for the region of the own factory but also the power demand forecast for the regions of other factories. That is, the control devices 17C are configured to be able to communicate with each other via, for example, a network line, and transmit and receive necessary information to each other. In addition, the third acquisition unit 40 acquires the planned CO2 capture amount calculated in the other factories.

[0067] Next, the operation of the control device 17C of the CO2 recovery device 15 will be described. Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing the control procedure of the CO2 recovery device. In Fig. 11, the operation of one control device 17C of the own factory is described, but other control devices 17C of other factories also operate in the same way. Furthermore, explanations of operations similar to those in the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 3 will be omitted.

[0068] First, the control device 17C acquires the ratio of the weight of biomass-derived waste to the weight of waste (step S31).

[0069] Next, the control device 17C calculates the planned CO2 capture amount (planned value) to be captured in the specific period (target period) of its own factory (step S32). The control device 17C also acquires the planned CO2 capture amounts (planned values) to be captured in the specific period (target period) of the other factories (step S33). These planned CO2 capture amounts are the CO2 capture amounts to be captured in the specific period in its own factory or the other factories, and correspond to the amount of CO2 generated when non-biomass-derived waste is burned in the specific period. Therefore, the control device 17C calculates or acquires the planned CO2 capture amounts to be captured in the specific period of its own factory or the other factories, similar to the configuration described above. Then, each control device 17C grasps the total amount of CO2 to be captured in all factories.

[0070] Next, the control device 17C acquires the power demand forecast for each region of the own factory and other factories for the specific period (step S34). In this case, the control device 17C calculates the ratio of power demand in the region of the own factory to the total power demand. Next, the control device 17C calculates the target CO2 capture amount (target value) for the own factory for a unit period (a fixed period) based on the ratio of power demand in the region of the own factory to the total power demand (step S35). Here, to use energy efficiently, the control device 17C recalculates the planned CO2 capture amount for each factory so that the planned CO2 capture amount for a factory with a high ratio of local power demand is smaller than the planned CO2 capture amount for a factory with a low ratio of local power demand. In this embodiment, the specific period is set to one week, and the unit period is set to one day. In this case, the target CO2 capture amount can be calculated by dividing the newly calculated planned CO2 capture amount by the day (by 7).

[0071] Next, the control device 17C calculates the amount Q1 of exhaust gas taken into the CO2 recovery device 15 (step S36). That is, the control device 17C can calculate the amount Q1 of exhaust gas taken into the CO2 recovery device 15 from the flow rate Q of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust flow path 18 measured using the flow rate sensor 23, the calculated target CO2 recovery amount, and the CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas take-up ratio γ described above. Then, the control device 17C controls the opening degree of the exhaust gas intake valve 21 so as to achieve the calculated amount Q1 of exhaust gas taken in (step S37).

[0072] Next, the control device 17C acquires the actual amount of CO2 recovered by the CO2 recovery device 15 (step S38). Specifically, the actual amount of CO2 recovered is calculated and acquired from the flow rate of CO2 measured by the sensor 24 provided in the recovery flow path 22 and the weight per unit volume of CO2.

[0073] Next, the control device 17C calculates the planned CO2 capture amount from the start of the specific period to a predetermined point in time, and determines whether or not this planned CO2 capture amount matches the actual CO2 capture amount (step S39). If the planned CO2 capture amount matches the actual CO2 capture amount (step S39; Yes), the process ends. On the other hand, if the planned CO2 capture amount does not match the actual CO2 capture amount (step S39; No), the control device 17C returns the process to step S35 and calculates the target CO2 capture amount again. Specifically, if the actual CO2 capture amount is smaller than the planned CO2 capture amount, the control device 17C calculates the difference between the planned CO2 capture amount and the actual CO2 capture amount, and then divides this difference equally by the number of remaining days in the specific period to obtain a new target CO2 capture amount. Furthermore, if the actual CO2 capture amount is greater than the planned CO2 capture amount, the difference between the planned CO2 capture amount and the actual CO2 capture amount is calculated, and this difference is divided equally by the number of days remaining in the specific period, and the result is subtracted from the previous target CO2 capture amount to determine the new target CO2 capture amount. With this configuration, the amount of CO2 that should be captured at each factory is captured in cooperation (shared) with all factories, allowing for efficient CO2 capture. In particular, in this embodiment, the amount of CO2 that should be captured at each factory is reallocated in accordance with the power demand in the region where each factory is located during the specific period, thereby achieving carbon neutrality at multiple factories while improving energy utilization efficiency at each factory.

[0074] The control device 17 of the CO2 capture device 15 according to this embodiment has been described above, but it may be implemented in various different forms other than the above-described embodiment. The components of the control device 17 of the CO2 capture device 15 shown in the figure are functional concepts and do not necessarily have to be physically configured as shown in the figure. In other words, the specific form of each device is not limited to that shown in the figure, and all or part of the devices may be functionally or physically distributed or integrated in any unit depending on the processing load and usage status of each device.

[0075] The configuration of the control device 17 of the CO2 capture device 15 is realized, for example, as software, by a program loaded into memory. In the above embodiment, the configuration has been described as functional blocks realized by the cooperation of these hardware and software. In other words, these functional blocks can be realized in various forms using only hardware, only software, or a combination of both.

[0076] The above-described components include those that can be easily imagined by a person skilled in the art and those that are substantially the same. Furthermore, the above-described configurations can be appropriately combined. Furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, or modifications of the configurations are possible within the scope of the gist of this disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0077] 10. Incineration plants (plant facilities) 12 Incinerator (combustion furnace) 13 Power generating equipment 14 Exhaust gas treatment equipment 15 CO2 capture equipment 17, 17A, 17B, 17C control device 18 Exhaust flow path 25 Sensor (second measuring unit) 30 First acquisition part 31 First calculation unit 32 Second calculation unit 33 Adjustment part 34 Storage section 35 Control Unit 36 Planning Department 37 Setting section 38 Second acquisition part 39 1st measurement section 40 Third acquisition part

Claims

1. The device is arranged downstream of a combustion furnace that burns waste materials that are a mixture of biomass-derived combustion materials and non-biomass-derived combustion materials, and is configured to remove CO from exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace. ２ CO2 recovery ２ A control device for controlling the operation of the recovery device, a first acquisition unit that acquires a ratio of the weight of the biomass-derived combustion material and the weight of the non-biomass-derived combustion material to the weight of the combustion material input into the combustion furnace; CO generated from the combustion material in accordance with the ratio of the obtained biomass-derived combustion material and the non-biomass-derived combustion material. ２ CO generated from the biomass-derived combustion product and the non-biomass-derived combustion product ２ a first calculation unit that calculates a ratio of Calculated CO generated from the non-biomass-derived combustion product ２ and the flow rate of the exhaust gas, ２ a second calculation unit that calculates the amount of the exhaust gas taken into the recovery device; a planning unit that plans a planned CO2 capture amount, which is calculated by multiplying the amount of CO2 generated in a specific period obtained from past emission conditions by the ratio of CO2 generated from the non-biomass-derived combustion material, and which corresponds to the amount of CO2 generated when the non-biomass-derived combustion material is combusted in the specific period, and which is the amount of CO2 to be captured in the specific period; a setting unit that sets a target amount of CO 2 recovered per unit period that is shorter than the specific period, in accordance with the planned amount of CO 2 recovered; The second calculation unit calculates the amount of CO 2 captured by the exhaust gas in accordance with the target amount of CO 2 captured and the flow rate of the exhaust gas. ２ Control device for recovery device.

2. The CO ２ the recovery device is connected via a flow rate adjusting device to a branch flow path branched from an exhaust gas flow path connecting the combustion furnace and the chimney; 2. The CO 2 control system according to claim 1, further comprising an adjusting unit that adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting device in accordance with the calculated intake amount of the exhaust gas. ２ Control device for recovery device.

3. The setting unit is configured to set the amount of CO required to achieve carbon neutrality. ２ The target CO ２ 3. The CO recovery amount according to claim 1 or 2, ２ Control device for recovery device.

4. The second calculation unit calculates the target CO ２ 4. The CO 2 capture method according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust gas capture rate is set based on the recovery amount and a predetermined preliminary recovery rate, and the amount of the exhaust gas captured is calculated based on the exhaust gas capture rate and the flow rate of the exhaust gas. ２ Control device for recovery device.

5. a power generation device that generates electricity by utilizing the heat of the exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace; a second acquisition unit that acquires a power demand forecast, The setting unit ２ While maintaining the recovery amount, the target CO ２ The recovery amount is reduced, and the target CO ２ The CO recovery amount according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is calculated by increasing the recovery amount. ２ Control device for recovery device.

6. The planning unit calculates a planned CO from the start of the specific period to a predetermined point in time. ２ Calculate the planned amount to be collected, Actual CO collected from the start of the specified period to the specified time point ２ a first measuring unit that measures the recovery amount; The calculated planned CO ２ Planned recovery amount and the measured actual CO ２ If the amount does not match the amount recovered, The setting unit ２ Planned recovery amount and actual CO ２ The target CO ２ The CO recovery amount according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is calculated again. ２ Control device for recovery device.

7. The setting unit ２ Planned recovery amount and actual CO ２ The difference value between the recovery amount and the target CO is divided equally by the remaining unit period of the specific period. ２ New target CO2 from the amount of recovery ２ 7. The CO recovery method according to claim 6, wherein the recovery amount is set. ２ Control device for recovery device.

8. Planned CO for the specified period planned at other factories ２ a third acquisition unit that acquires the collected amount; The second acquisition unit acquires power demand forecasts for each region of the own factory and the other factories for the specific period, The setting unit is configured to set the planned CO of the own factory and other factories. ２ While maintaining the total amount of recovered energy, the target CO ２ 6. The CO recovery method according to claim 5, wherein the recovery amount is set. ２ Control device for recovery device.

9. a second measuring unit for measuring a weight ratio of each predetermined composition of the combustion product; 9. The CO 2 measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the first acquisition unit acquires a ratio of a weight of the biomass-derived combustion product and a weight of the non-biomass-derived combustion product to a weight of the combustion product based on a measurement value of the second measurement unit. ２ Control device for recovery device.

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