How to maintain the fixed structure

Abstract

Provided are a fixing structure that can prevent damage to a nut that is fixed in an unremovable manner during adjustment or maintenance of a fixed object, a method for manufacturing a base member used in the fixing structure, and a method for maintaining the fixing structure. [Solution] The fixing structure 1 is a fixing structure 1 for fixing an object 4 to a base member 2, and comprises a first nut 5 that is irreversibly fixed to the base member 2 in advance, a cut bolt 6 that is threaded onto the first nut 5 and protrudes on one side from the first nut 5, the object 4 to be fixed having an insertion hole 40 into which the cut bolt 6 is inserted from its protruding end 61, and a second nut 7 that is threaded onto the cut bolt 6, and the second nut 7 presses the object 4 toward the first nut 5 to fix it.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for maintaining a fixed structure. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, when forming a concrete component such as a concrete exterior wall material, a method has been known in which an insert nut is embedded in the concrete component in advance, the component is poured and cured, and a bolt is screwed into the insert nut to fix a metal fitting for fixing the concrete component to the building frame to the exterior wall material (for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] Conventionally, anchor bolts have been embedded in concrete members such as foundations with a portion of the bolt protruding, and the anchor bolts and nuts are used to join other members to be fixed. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-295393 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] When a bolt is threaded onto an insert nut for fastening, if the object to be fastened, such as a metal fitting, needs to be removed for adjustment or maintenance, the bolt threaded onto the insert nut is rotated in the loosening direction to remove the bolt, and then the object to be fastened is removed. Therefore, if the object to be fastened requires frequent adjustment or maintenance, problems such as damage to the insert nut itself can occur when the bolt is removed.

[0006] Furthermore, when a nut is screwed onto an anchor bolt for connection, to remove the object to be fixed, the nut must be loosened and removed from the anchor bolt, and then the object to be fixed must be removed. Therefore, if the object to be fixed requires frequent adjustment or maintenance, there is a risk of the anchor bolt being damaged when the nut is removed from the anchor bolt.

[0007] Furthermore, since the insert nut and the anchor bolt are embedded in concrete, if the insert nut or the anchor bolt is damaged, it is difficult to replace only the insert nut or the anchor bolt.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for maintaining a fixed structure that can prevent damage to nuts that are fixed in an unremovable manner during adjustment or maintenance of a fixed object. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A fixing structure according to a first aspect of the present invention that solves the above problems Maintenance method is used to fix an object to a base member. It is something, The fixing device comprises a first nut that is irreversibly fixed to the base member in advance, a cut bolt that is screwed onto the first nut and has one side protruding from the first nut, the object to be fixed having an insertion hole into which the cut bolt is inserted from its protruding end, and a second nut that is screwed onto the cut bolt, and the second nut presses the object to be fixed toward the first nut side to fix it. a step of rotating the second nut in a loosening direction to remove it from the cut bolt; a step of removing the object to be fixed from the cut bolt; a step of operating the operation part of the cut bolt to loosen the cut bolt and remove it from the first nut; a step of replacing or repairing the second nut, the object to be fixed, and the cut bolt as necessary; a step of threading the cut bolt onto the first nut; a step of inserting the cut bolt into the insertion hole of the object to be fixed; and a step of threading the second nut onto the cut bolt, and pressing the object to be fixed against the first nut to fix it.

[0011] The second invention is the first invention Fixed structure Maintenance method The bolt further includes a restricting portion that abuts against the end portion opposite to the protruding end portion of the cut bolt and restricts movement of the cut bolt toward the opposite side.

[0012] The third invention is the first or second invention. Fixing structure of the invention Maintenance method In the present invention, the base member is a concrete member, and the first nut is fixed by being embedded in the base member.

[0013] The fourth invention is any one of the first to third inventions. Fixing structure of the invention Maintenance method In the present invention, the base member is a steel member, and the first nut is fixed to the base member by being welded thereto. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] The first invention How to maintain the fixed structure According to the document, a cut bolt is threaded onto a first nut that is irreversibly fixed to a base member, and a fixed object having an insertion hole into which the cut bolt is inserted is pressed against the first nut with a second nut that is threaded onto the cut bolt and fixed, so when performing maintenance on the fixed object, the fixed object can be removed by removing the second nut from the cut bolt and replaced or maintained, preventing damage to the first nut that is irreversibly fixed to the base member. On the other hand, if the cut bolt is damaged during replacement or maintenance of the fixed object, it can be replaced by removing it from the first nut, eliminating the need to replace the entire base member and improving maintainability.

[0017] Maintenance method for a fixed structure according to the first invention According to the invention, the cut bolt has a protruding end formed with an operating portion that is shaped so as not to interfere with the screwing of the second nut, and that allows the cut bolt to be rotated in the tightening / loosening direction, so that the cut bolt can be easily rotated, facilitating the work of removing the cut bolt from the first nut. According to the maintenance method of the first invention, when the cut bolt is damaged and needs to be replaced, for example, the second nut and the object to be fixed can be removed from the cut bolt, and then the operating part of the cut bolt can be operated to remove the cut bolt from the first nut, improving maintainability compared to fixing means that cannot be replaced, such as anchor bolts. Also, because the second nut and the object to be fixed are fixed by the cut bolt, the first nut, which is difficult to remove from the base member, is less likely to be damaged, and situations where large-scale maintenance such as replacing the base member itself is required can be avoided as much as possible.

[0018] A method for maintaining a fixed structure according to a second aspect of the present invention According to this, the restricting portion abuts against the end of the cut bolt opposite to the protruding end and restricts movement of the cut bolt to the other side, so that the cut bolt can be held in an appropriate position where it does not enter too far into the first nut. Also, co-rotation of the cut bolt can be prevented when removing the second nut from the cut bolt.

[0019] A method for maintaining a fixed structure according to a third aspect of the present inventionAccording to the specification, the base member is a concrete member, and the first nut is fixed by being embedded in the base member; therefore, the object to be fixed is fixed by the cut bolt onto which the first nut is screwed and the second nut screwed onto the cut bolt; therefore, when replacing or maintaining the object to be fixed, the cut bolt and the second nut only need to be unscrewed, so there is no risk of damaging the first nut; and because the first nut, which is embedded in concrete, is less likely to be damaged, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of problems that would require the base member itself to be replaced.

[0020] A method for maintaining a fixing structure according to the fourth aspect of the present invention According to the specification, the base member is a steel member, and the first nut is welded to the steel member, so the object to be fixed is fixed by the cut bolt onto which the first nut is screwed and the second nut screwed onto the cut bolt. Therefore, when replacing or maintaining the object to be fixed, the cut bolt and the second nut only need to be unscrewed, so there is no risk of damaging the first nut, and because the welded first nut is less likely to be damaged, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of problems that would require the steel member itself to be replaced. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of a fixing structure according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views illustrating a method for constructing the fixing structure of the first embodiment. [Figure 3] These are perspective views illustrating the configuration of a cut bolt, where (A) shows a bolt with a slot formed on the protruding end, (B) shows a bolt with a hexagonal hole formed on the protruding end, and (C) shows a bolt with a hexagonal pillar formed on the protruding end. [Figure 4] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating a method of constructing an exterior wall material as a base member, where (A) shows the state in which the first nut is placed in a predetermined position in the formwork, and (B) is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which concrete is being poured into the formwork. [Figure 5] This is a diagram explaining the construction method of exterior wall materials as base components, where (C) shows the state in which concrete poured into a formwork is curing, and (D) is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the exterior wall material as a base component has been completed after being removed from the formwork. [Figure 6] 5A to 5C are cross-sectional views illustrating a maintenance method for the fixing structure of the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a modified example of the fixing structure of the first embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of a fixing structure according to a second embodiment. [Figure 9] 10A and 10B are perspective views illustrating a construction method and a maintenance method for a fixing structure according to a second embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a modified example of the fixing structure of the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] [First embodiment] A first embodiment of the fixing structure 1, the manufacturing method of the base member, and the maintenance method for the fixing structure of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

[0025] <Fixing structure of the first embodiment> 1, the fixing structure 1 of the first embodiment fixes an exterior wall fixing bracket 4a as an object to be fixed 4 to an exterior wall material 2a as a base member 2 in order to fix the exterior wall material 2a to the foundation top 3. The fixing structure 1 of this embodiment includes the base member 2, a first nut 5 that is irreversibly fixed to the base member 2, a cut bolt 6 that is threaded onto the first nut 5 and protrudes to one side from the first nut 5, the object to be fixed 4 that has an insertion hole 40 into which the cut bolt 6 is inserted, and a second nut 7 that is threaded onto the cut bolt 6 to fix the object to be fixed 4.

[0026] In the present invention, "irreversibly fixed" means that once fixed, the first nut 5 cannot be removed from the base member 2 without destroying the base member 2 or dissolving the metal.

[0027] The base member 2 is a concrete member formed by pouring concrete into a formwork 20. As described above, the base member 2 in this embodiment is specifically an exterior wall material 2a. Reinforcement bars 21 are embedded inside the base member 2. Note that the configuration is not limited to having reinforcing bars 21 embedded inside the base member 2. A first nut 5 is also embedded in the base member 2. The end of the first nut 5 is exposed on the back side of the base member 2, and is open on the back side of the base member 2. The base member 2 is not limited to an exterior wall material 2a, and may be a concrete member such as a deck slab, for example. Note that the "base member" in the present invention is not limited to a concrete member, and may be a steel member such as a steel structural skeleton or a steel interior base material, as will be described later.

[0028] The first nut 5 is embedded in the base member 2 and is a cap nut formed with one end closed. The closed portion of the first nut 5 is a restricting portion 50 that restricts the cut bolt 6 from moving further in the fastening direction of the first nut 5 when the cut bolt 6 is screwed onto the first nut 5, by the end of the cut bolt 6 opposite the protruding end 61 coming into contact inside the first nut 5. In this way, by restricting the cut bolt 6 from moving in the fastening direction more than necessary with the restricting portion 50, the cut bolt 6 can be held in an appropriate position. Furthermore, co-rotation of the cut bolt 6 can be prevented when the second nut 7 is screwed onto or loosened from the cut bolt 6.

[0029] The first nut 5 is not limited to a cap nut, but may be a through nut. The restricting portion 50 does not have to be the closed portion of the cap nut, and may be, for example, a member having a structure separate from the first nut 5 that can restrict movement of the cut bolt 6 in the fastening direction.

[0030] The cut bolt 6 has a threaded portion 60 formed over the entire length in the longitudinal direction. One end of the cut bolt 6 abuts against the restricting portion 50 inside the first nut 5, and the other end of the cut bolt 6 is a protruding end 61 that protrudes from the first nut 5, and an operating portion 62 is formed on the protruding end 61 that can rotate the cut bolt 6 in both the fastening and loosening directions. The operating portion 62 is formed radially inward of the root diameter of the threaded portion 60, and when the second nut 7 is inserted into the cut bolt 6, the screw hole of the second nut 7 is larger than the operating portion 62, so that the second nut 7 can be screwed onto the cut bolt 6 without interference from the operating portion 62.

[0031] The operating part 62 is, for example, a slot formed in the protruding end 61 of the cut bolt 6, as shown in FIG. 3(A). If it is a slot, a flathead screwdriver can be fitted into the operating part 62 to rotate the cut bolt 6 in the tightening and loosening directions. The operating part 62 is not limited to a slot, but may also be a Phillips groove formed in the protruding end 61. Furthermore, the operating part 62 may be a hexagonal hole or a hexagonal prism protrusion that can be operated with a spanner or wrench, as shown in FIGS. 3(B) and (C). The shape of the operating part 62 is not limited to these, and may be any shape that allows the cut bolt 6 to be rotated in the tightening and loosening directions with a tool.

[0032] In this way, the cut bolt 6 has a protruding end 61 formed with an operating portion 62 that is shaped so as not to interfere with the screwing of the second nut 7, and that can rotate the cut bolt 6 in the tightening / loosening direction, so that the cut bolt 6 can be easily rotated, facilitating the work of removing the cut bolt 6 from the first nut 5.

[0033] In this embodiment, the object to be fixed 4 is an exterior wall fixing bracket 4a. More specifically, it is a bracket that fixes the lower end of the exterior wall material 2a to the foundation top 3. The exterior wall fixing bracket 4a, which is the object to be fixed 4, has a flat plate portion 41 that abuts against the back surface of the exterior wall, a locking portion 42 that hooks onto the channel steel 34 formed on the foundation top 3, a rib 43 that reinforces the flat plate portion 41, and an insertion hole 40 into which a cut bolt 6 is inserted. The insertion hole 40 is an elongated hole that is long vertically, allowing the position of the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a, which is fixed to the back surface of the exterior wall material 2a serving as the base member 2, to be adjusted vertically.

[0034] The second nut 7 is a through nut with a diameter that can be screwed onto the cut bolt 6. The cut bolt 6 is inserted into the insertion hole 40 of the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a and into the center hole of the washer 63, and then the second nut 7 is screwed onto the cut bolt 6. When the second nut 7 is tightened, the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a is pressed against the back surface of the exterior wall material 2a.

[0035] Anchor bolts 31 are embedded in the foundation top 3 so that they protrude upward, and a plate 33 is fixed with fixing nuts 32 that screw onto the anchor bolts 31. A channel steel 34 is then placed on the plate 33 so that its two flanges are horizontally aligned one above the other, and the lower flange is welded and fixed to the plate 33. The lower end of the exterior wall material 2a is fixed to the foundation top 3 by engaging the locking portion 42 of the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a, which is pressed against the back surface of the exterior wall material 2a by the second nut 7, with the upper flange of the channel steel 34.

[0036] <Fixed structure construction method> When constructing the fixing structure 1 configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 2 , first, the plate 33 is fixed by sandwiching it between the fixing nuts 32 and the anchor bolts 31 provided on the foundation top 3. This fixes the plate 33 and the channel steel 34 welded to the plate 33 to the foundation top 3. Next, the exterior wall material 2a, with the cut bolts 6 threaded into the embedded first nuts 5, is erected on the foundation top 3. Then, the exterior wall fixing brackets 4a and washers 63 are fitted onto the cut bolts 6, and the second nuts 7 are threaded onto the cut bolts 6 and tightened, so that the locking portions 42 of the exterior wall fixing brackets 4a are locked onto the upper flanges of the channel steel 34, and the lower end of the exterior wall material 2a is fixed to the foundation top 3.

[0037] <How to maintain the fixed structure> 2 and 6, the maintenance method for the fixing structure in this embodiment involves first rotating the second nut 7 in the loosening direction with a tool such as a wrench to remove it from the cut bolt 6, and removing the washer 63 from the cut bolt 6. Next, the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a, which serves as the object to be fixed 4, is removed from the cut bolt 6, and the locking portion 42 of the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a is released from the channel steel 34, thereby releasing the fixation between the lower end of the exterior wall material 2a and the top edge of the foundation 3.

[0038] If the cut bolt 6 has deteriorated or been damaged, the cut bolt 6 is also removed from the first nut 5 for maintenance such as replacement. Specifically, the operating portion 62 of the cut bolt 6 is operated with a tool to rotate the cut bolt 6 in the loosening direction and remove it from the first nut 5. Once the second nut 7, washer 63, exterior wall fixing bracket 4a as the object 4 to be fixed, and cut bolt 6 have been removed, they can be replaced or repaired as necessary.

[0039] Once the replacement and repair are complete, the fixing structure 1 is reassembled. Specifically, first, the operating portion 62 of the cut bolt 6 is operated with a tool to screw the cut bolt 6 into the first nut 5. Next, the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a, which serves as the object to be fixed 4, is fitted onto the cut bolt 6 so that the cut bolt 6 is inserted into the insertion hole 40 of the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a. Then, the second nut 7 is screwed onto the cut bolt 6 and tightened, the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a is pressed against the first nut 5 to fix it, the locking portion 42 of the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a is locked onto the upper flange of the channel steel 34, and the lower end of the exterior wall material 2a is fixed to the foundation top 3, completing maintenance of the fixing structure 1.

[0040] In this way, the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a, which is the object to be fixed 4, is pressed against the first nut 5 by the second nut 7 that threads onto the cut bolt 6, so the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a can be removed for replacement or maintenance simply by removing the second nut 7 from the cut bolt 6, and in the above maintenance process, there is no need to touch the first nut 5, which cannot be removed from the exterior wall material 2a serving as the base member 2, thereby preventing damage to the first nut 5. On the other hand, if the cut bolt 6 is damaged, because the cut bolt 6 can be removed from the first nut 5, there is no need to replace the entire exterior wall material 2a serving as the base member 2, improving maintainability.

[0041] <Method of manufacturing base member> When manufacturing a base member 2, which is a concrete member such as an exterior wall material 2a, as shown in FIG. 4(A), a first nut 5 is placed in an appropriate position on a formwork 20 that will form the base member 2. At this time, the first nut 5 is placed so that an opening is exposed from the poured concrete. The first nut 5 is placed in a position that is raised so that it does not come into contact with the bottom surface of the formwork 20, and the first nut 5 is placed so that it is supported by the reinforcement of the concrete member, for example. Note that a cut bolt 6 may be threaded into the first nut 5 before placing it, and the cut bolt 6 may be supported from above to raise the first nut 5.

[0042] Once the first nuts 5 are placed in the formwork 20, if the cut bolts 6 are not already threaded into the first nuts 5, the cut bolts 6 are threaded into the first nuts 5. After the first nuts 5 are placed and the cut bolts 6 are threaded into the first nuts 5, concrete is poured into the formwork 20 as shown in FIG. 4(B). When the concrete is poured into the formwork 20, the first nuts 5 are embedded so that only the openings are exposed from the poured concrete. Thereafter, the concrete poured into the formwork 20 is cured as shown in FIG. 5(C), and the concrete is removed from the formwork as shown in FIG. 5(D), thereby forming the base member 2.

[0043] <Modification> The fixing structure 1 of this embodiment fixes an exterior wall fixing bracket 4a as a fixing object 4 to an exterior wall material 2a serving as a base member 2 to fix the exterior wall material 2a to the foundation top 3. However, the fixing object 4 is not limited to the exterior wall fixing bracket 4a. For example, as shown in FIG. 7 , the fixing object 4 may be any member that can be attached to an exterior wall, such as a sign, pictogram, room number plate 33, or nameplate, or a bracket for outdoor lighting or a surveillance camera. When attaching the fixing object 4 to an exterior wall, a cut bolt 6 protruding from a first nut 5 embedded in the exterior wall material 2a serving as the base member 2 is inserted into an insertion hole 40 of the fixing object 4, and a second nut 7 presses the fixing object 4 against the first nut 5, thereby fixing the fixing object 4 to the exterior wall material 2a serving as the base member 2.

[0044] When replacing or maintaining such a fixed object 4, the second nut 7 is removed from the cut bolt 6, and the washer 63 and the fixed object 4 are removed, allowing maintenance to be performed without removing the cut bolt 6 from the first nut 5. This makes it possible to prevent damage to the first nut 5. On the other hand, if the cut bolt 6 is damaged, the operating part 62 can be operated to remove the cut bolt 6 and replace it, etc.

[0045] Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the fixing structure 1 and the method for maintaining the fixing structure of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 8 to 10. Note that the same components as those in the fixing structure 1 and the method for maintaining the fixing structure of the first embodiment will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0046] <Second embodiment of fixing structure> The fixing structure 1 of the second embodiment fixes a fixed object 4 to a steel column 2b serving as a base member 2. Note that the base member 2 is not limited to the steel column 2b, and may be various steel members, such as a steel skeleton such as a steel beam or a steel interior substrate such as a stud. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 8 , the fixing structure 1 of this embodiment includes the base member 2, a first nut 5 irreversibly fixed to the base member 2, a cut bolt 6 threaded into the first nut 5 and protruding to one side from the first nut 5, a fixed object 4 having an insertion hole 40 into which the cut bolt 6 is inserted, and a second nut 7 threaded onto the cut bolt 6 to fix the fixed object 4.

[0047] In this embodiment, the base member 2 is a square tubular steel column 2b, and the first nut 5 is a cap nut welded to the back surface of the base member 2. The steel column 2b is tapped at the position where the first nut 5 is to be welded, allowing a cut bolt 6 to be fastened. The first nut 5 is, for example, a cap nut, but the first nut 5 may also be a through nut as long as the tip of the cut bolt 6 has a length that passes through the inside of the base member 2 and abuts against the inner surface on the opposite side. In this case, the surface of the base member 2 opposite to the surface where the first nut 5 is welded becomes the restricting portion 50.

[0048] The cut bolt 6 and the second nut 7 have the same configuration as in the first embodiment, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0049] In this embodiment, the fixed object 4 is a light 4b fixed to a steel pole 2b serving as the base member 2. The fixed object 4 is not limited to the light 4b, and may be various objects fixed to the steel pole 2b.

[0050] <Fixed structure construction method> When constructing the fixing structure 1 configured as above, first, as shown in Fig. 9, a first nut 5 is welded and fixed to the base member 2. The base member 2 is pre-tapped to allow the insertion of a cut bolt 6. Then, the cut bolt 6 is screwed into the welded first nut 5, the object to be fixed 4 and a washer 63 are fitted into the cut bolt 6, and the second nut 7 is screwed onto the cut bolt 6 and tightened, and the object to be fixed 4 is pressed against the base member 2 to be fixed.

[0051] <How to maintain the fixed structure> In the maintenance method for the fixing structure in this embodiment, first, the second nut 7 is rotated in the loosening direction with a tool such as a wrench to remove it from the cut bolt 6, and the washer 63 is also removed from the cut bolt 6. Next, the object to be fixed 4 is removed from the cut bolt 6. Then, if the cut bolt 6 itself has deteriorated or been damaged, the operating part 62 of the cut bolt 6 is operated with a tool to rotate the cut bolt 6 in the loosening direction and remove it from the first nut 5. Once the second nut 7, washer 63, lighting 4b as the object to be fixed 4, and cut bolt 6 have been removed, they can be replaced or repaired as necessary.

[0052] Once the replacement and repair are complete, the fixing structure 1 is reassembled. Specifically, first, the operating portion 62 of the cut bolt 6 is operated with a tool to screw the cut bolt 6 into the first nut 5. Next, the fixing object 4 is fitted onto the cut bolt 6 so that the cut bolt 6 is inserted into the insertion hole 40 of the fixing object 4. Then, the second nut 7 is screwed onto the cut bolt 6 and tightened, fixing the fixing object 4 to the base member 2 and completing the maintenance of the fixing structure 1.

[0053] <Modification> Although the fixing structure 1 of this embodiment fixes a lighting fixture 4b as a fixing object 4 to a steel column 2b as a base member 2, the fixing object 4 is not limited to this. For example, the base member 2 may be a steel interior substrate 2c such as a stud. A first nut 5 is welded and fixed to the steel interior substrate 2c as the base member 2, and a cut bolt 6 is threaded into the first nut 5 so as to penetrate an interior surface material such as gypsum board attached to the steel interior substrate 2c. The fixing object 4 may also be a shelf bracket or a hook fixed to the cut bolt 6 arranged to protrude from an interior surface material 8. The cut bolt 6 is fitted into an insertion hole 40 provided in the fixing object 4 such as the shelf bracket or hook, and the cut bolt 6 is tightened with a washer 63 and a second nut 7 to fix the fixing object 4 to the surface of the interior surface material 8.

[0054] When replacing or maintaining such a fixed object 4, the second nut 7 can be removed from the cut bolt 6, and then the washer 63 and the fixed object 4 can be removed, allowing maintenance to be performed without removing the cut bolt 6 from the first nut 5. This prevents damage to the first nut 5. On the other hand, if the cut bolt 6 is damaged, the operating part 62 can be operated to remove the cut bolt 6 and replace it, etc. Even in such cases, there is no need to remove the first nut 5, which is welded to the steel interior base 2c, which is the base member 2, making maintenance easy.

[0055] It goes without saying that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the concept of the present invention.

[0056] This specification discloses the following techniques:

[0057] [Appendix 1] A fixing structure for fixing an object to a base member, comprising: a first nut that is irreversibly fixed to the base member in advance; a cut bolt that is threaded onto the first nut and protrudes on one side from the first nut; the object to be fixed having an insertion hole into which the cut bolt is inserted from its protruding end; and a second nut that is threaded onto the cut bolt, wherein the second nut presses the object to be fixed toward the first nut.

[0058] According to the fixing structure of Supplementary Note 1, a cut bolt is threaded onto a first nut that is irreversibly fixed to a base member, and a fixed object having an insertion hole into which the cut bolt is inserted is pressed against the first nut with a second nut that is threaded onto the cut bolt. Therefore, when performing maintenance on the fixed object, the fixed object can be removed for replacement or maintenance by removing the second nut from the cut bolt, preventing damage to the first nut that is irreversibly fixed to the base member. On the other hand, if the cut bolt is damaged during replacement or maintenance of the fixed object, it can be replaced by removing it from the first nut, which eliminates the need to replace the entire base member and improves maintainability.

[0059] [Appendix 2] In the fixing structure of Appendix 1, the cut bolt has a shape at its protruding end that does not interfere with the screwing of the second nut, and an operating portion that can rotate the cut bolt in the tightening / loosening direction is formed.

[0060] According to the fixing structure of Appendix 2, the cut bolt has a shape at the protruding end that does not interfere with the screwing of the second nut, and an operating portion that can rotate the cut bolt in the tightening / loosening direction is formed, so that the cut bolt can be easily rotated, facilitating the work of removing the cut bolt from the first nut.

[0061] [Appendix 3] The fixing structure of Appendix 2 further comprises a restricting portion that abuts against the protruding end of the cut bolt and the end opposite to the protruding end, restricting movement of the cut bolt to the opposite side.

[0062] According to the fixing structure of Supplementary Note 3, the restricting portion abuts against the end of the cut bolt opposite to the protruding end, restricting movement of the cut bolt to the other side, so that the cut bolt can be held in an appropriate position without being inserted too far into the first nut. Also, co-rotation of the cut bolt can be prevented when removing the second nut from the cut bolt.

[0063] [Appendix 4] In the fixing structure of Appendix 3, the base member is a concrete member, and the first nut is fixed by being embedded in the base member.

[0064] According to the fixing structure of Appendix 4, the base member is a concrete member, and the first nut is fixed by being embedded in the base member; therefore, the object to be fixed is fixed by the cut bolt onto which the first nut is screwed and the second nut screwed onto the cut bolt; therefore, when replacing or maintaining the object to be fixed, the cut bolt and the second nut only need to be unscrewed, so there is no risk of damaging the first nut; and because the first nut, which is embedded in concrete, is less likely to be damaged, the occurrence of problems that would require replacing the base member itself can be reduced.

[0065] [Appendix 5] In the fixing structure of Supplementary Note 3, the base member is a steel member, and the first nut is fixed to the base member by being welded thereto.

[0066] According to the fixing structure of Appendix 5, the base member is a steel member, and the first nut is welded to the steel member. Therefore, the object to be fixed is fixed by the cut bolt onto which the first nut is threaded and the second nut threaded onto the cut bolt. Therefore, when replacing or maintaining the object to be fixed, the cut bolt and the second nut only need to be unscrewed, so there is no risk of damaging the first nut. As the welded first nut is less likely to be damaged, the occurrence of problems that would require the steel member itself to be replaced can be reduced.

[0067] [Appendix 6] A method for manufacturing a base member used in the fixing structure of Appendix 4, comprising the steps of: placing the first nut at a predetermined position in a formwork that forms the base member; screwing the cut bolt into the first nut; pouring concrete into the formwork after the first nut is placed and the cut bolt is screwed into the first nut, and embedding the first nut in the concrete; and curing the concrete and removing it from the formwork to obtain the base member.

[0068] According to the manufacturing method of the base member in Appendix 6, after the cut bolt is screwed into the first nut placed at a predetermined position in the formwork, concrete is poured into the formwork, so that concrete can be prevented from flowing into the screw hole of the first nut, and the concrete pouring process can be carried out easily and appropriately.

[0069] [Appendix 7] A maintenance method for maintaining the fixing structure of any one of Supplementary Notes 2 to 5, comprising the steps of rotating the second nut in a loosening direction to remove it from the cut bolt, removing the object to be fixed from the cut bolt, operating the operating part of the cut bolt to loosen the cut bolt and remove it from the first nut, replacing or repairing the second nut, the object to be fixed, and the cut bolt as necessary, screwing the cut bolt onto the first nut, inserting the cut bolt into the insertion hole of the object to be fixed, and screwing the second nut onto the cut bolt, and pressing the object to be fixed against the first nut.

[0070] According to the maintenance method of Appendix 7, when the cut bolt is damaged and needs to be replaced, for example, the second nut and the object to be fixed can be removed from the cut bolt, and then the operating part of the cut bolt can be operated to remove the cut bolt from the first nut, improving maintainability compared to fixing means that cannot be replaced, such as anchor bolts. Also, because the second nut and the object to be fixed are fixed by the cut bolt, the first nut, which is difficult to remove from the base member, is less likely to be damaged, and situations where large-scale maintenance such as replacing the base member itself is necessary can be avoided as much as possible. [Industrial Applicability]

[0071] The fixing structure according to the present invention is suitable as a structure for fixing accessories such as exterior wall fixing brackets, signs, and lighting to exterior wall materials, for example, and the manufacturing method of the base member is suitable as a manufacturing method of exterior wall materials to be used in the above fixing structure, and the maintenance method of the fixing structure is suitable as a method for repairing and replacing second nuts, fixing objects, and cut bolts. [Explanation of symbols]

[0072] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1...fixing structure, 2...base member, 4...fixed object, 5...first nut, 6...thread cut bolt, 7...second nut, 20...form, 40...insertion hole, 61...protruding end, 62...operating portion

Claims

1. A device for fixing an object to a base member, a first nut that is irreversibly fixed to the base member in advance; a cut bolt that is threaded onto the first nut and has one side protruding from the first nut; the object to be fixed, having an insertion hole into which the cut bolt is inserted from its protruding end; A second nut that is threaded onto the cut bolt; Equipped with The second nut presses the object to be fixed against the first nut side to fix it, The cut bolt has a shape at its protruding end that does not interfere with the screwing of the second nut, and an operating portion that can rotate the cut bolt in a tightening / loosening direction is formed, a step of rotating the second nut in a loosening direction to remove it from the cut bolt; a step of removing the object to be fixed from the cut bolt; a step of operating the operating portion of the cut bolt to loosen the cut bolt and remove it from the first nut; a step of replacing or repairing the second nut, the object to be fixed, and the cut bolt as necessary; a step of threading the cut bolt into the first nut; inserting the cut bolt into the insertion hole of the object to be fixed; a step of screwing the second nut onto the cut bolt and pressing the object to be fixed against the first nut side to fix it; A method for maintaining a fixed structure comprising:

2. The fixing structure is The cutting bolt further includes a restricting portion that abuts against the protruding end and the opposite end of the cutting bolt, restricting movement of the cutting bolt to the opposite side. A method for maintaining a fixed structure according to claim 1.

3. The fixing structure is the base member is a concrete member; The first nut is fixed by being embedded in the base member. A method for maintaining a fixed structure according to claim 2.

4. The fixing structure is the base member is a steel member; The first nut is fixed to the base member by being welded. A method for maintaining a fixed structure according to claim 2.

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