Shelter door

Abstract

To provide a shelter door with a simple structure that can stabilize its posture when stationary and when moving. [Solution] The shelter door (1) comprises a door body (10), a thrust device (20), and a link mechanism (30). The door body (10) moves within a shelter room (100a) while facing a side wall (103), thereby opening and closing an opening (101) provided in the side wall (103). The door body (10) is a roughly rectangular concrete plate-like structure. A sliding member (11) (moving portion) is attached to the lower end surface of the door body (10), and the door body (10) is supported via the sliding member (11) by a guide portion (105) provided on a floor (104). One end of the link mechanism (30) is connected to the upper portion of the side wall (103) near the opening (101) of the shelter (100) via a second connecting device (42), and the other end is connected to a first connecting device (41) provided at the upper end of the door body (10).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a shelter door in which a door body moves while facing a side wall to open and close an opening provided in the side wall. [Background technology]

[0002] Shelter doors must be sturdy enough to withstand the force of tsunami waves and the impact of drifting debris, which inevitably means the doors are heavy, making them difficult to move and taking time to open and close.

[0003] So-called "single-wing" doors, which open and close by rotating on hinges, are often used as shelter doors, but the heavy load placed on the hinges makes it difficult for heavy doors to rotate smoothly. Furthermore, if an aftershock or other event occurs while the door is rotating, a greater load will be placed on the hinge, potentially damaging it and making it impossible to open or close. Even if the hinges are not damaged, the door itself may suddenly rotate due to the seismic force, trapping people in the door. Furthermore, if a shelter is left installed at the site for a long period of time, the hinges will deteriorate over time, making the door less smooth to rotate and more difficult to operate.

[0004] "Single-wing" doors must rotate at least 90 degrees, preferably 180 degrees. This means that the rotating end of the door must move significantly to open and close, which takes time, especially for heavy doors like those used in shelters. This can lead to a risk of delays in evacuation to shelters, leading to disaster damage.

[0005] It is possible to use sliding doors for shelters, but gaps tend to form between the side walls and the sliding doors, making it difficult to ensure airtightness between them. For example, if the shelter is submerged by a tsunami, there is a risk that the inside of the shelter will become flooded.

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor previously proposed a shelter door that moves entirely in a vertical direction relative to the wall. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] WO2018 / 070467 publication [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6792897 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] However, an invention does not end when it is made; improvements should be made in the pursuit of something better.

[0009] For example, the shelter door previously proposed by the inventor was suspended from the ceiling, which could have led to instability in the posture while moving or when stationary.

[0010] The present invention has been made in response to these problems, and its purpose is to provide a shelter door with a simple structure that can stabilize its posture both when stationary and when moving. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The first invention for solving the above problem is a shelter door comprising a door body that moves opposite a side wall to open and close an opening provided in the side wall, a thrust device that moves the door body, and a pantograph-type link mechanism for maintaining the posture of the door body, wherein the door body has a moving part that is supported by a guide part provided on the floor and can move along the guide part.

[0012] According to this configuration, the shelter door opens and closes the opening in the side wall by moving while facing the side wall, so the distance between the opening and the door body can be the same at any point. This allows for more efficient opening and closing than a single-wing door. In addition, since the door is equipped with a thrust device that moves the door body and a pantograph-type link mechanism that maintains the position of the door body, the moving position of the door body can be stabilized. Furthermore, since the door body is supported by a guide section provided on the floor and has a moving section that can move along the guide section, the position of the door body in a stationary state can be stabilized.

[0013] The second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, one end of the link mechanism is connected to the top of the shelter and the other end is connected to the upper end of the door body.

[0014] With this configuration, one end of the link mechanism is connected to the top of the shelter and the other end is connected to the upper end of the door body, so that displacement of the upper end of the door body, which is expected to be greater than that of the lower end, can be efficiently suppressed.

[0015] The third invention is characterized in that, in the first and second inventions, the link mechanism has a first link and a second link rotatably connected at the center of the first link, the first link has a first pivoting end portion rotatably connected to the top of the shelter and a first moving end portion movably connected to the door body along a direction intersecting the direction of travel of the door body, and the second link has a second pivoting end portion rotatably connected to the door body and a second moving end portion movably connected to the top of the shelter along a direction intersecting the direction of travel of the door body.

[0016] According to this configuration, the link mechanism has a first link and a second link rotatably connected at the center of the first link, the first link having a first pivoting end rotatably connected to the top of the shelter and a first moving end movably connected to the door body along a direction intersecting the direction of travel of the door body, and the second link having a second pivoting end rotatably connected to the door body and a second moving end movably connected to the top of the shelter along a direction intersecting the direction of travel of the door body, so that the posture of the door body can be reliably stabilized with a simple structure.

[0017] The fourth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to third inventions, the thrust device has a first jack and a second jack, one end of the first jack connected to the ceiling and the other end connected to the upper end of the door body, and one end of the second jack connected to the floor and the other end connected to the lower end of the door body.

[0018] With this configuration, one end of the first jack is connected to the ceiling and the other end is connected to the upper end of the door body, and one end of the second jack is connected to the floor and the other end is connected to the lower end of the door body, so that forward and backward displacement of the door body can be efficiently suppressed.

[0019] A fifth invention is characterized in that, in the fourth invention, the other end of the second jack is connected to the lower end of the door body via a connecting member connected to the lower end of the door body.

[0020] With this configuration, the other end of the second jack is connected to the lower end of the door body via a connecting member that is connected to the lower end of the door body, so the installation height of the second jack can be freely set within certain requirements. For example, by installing the second jack in the underfloor space, the interior space of the shelter can be used more effectively.

[0021] A sixth invention is characterized in that in the fifth invention, the connecting member is fitted with a movement restricting member for restricting movement of the door body in an in-plane direction.

[0022] According to this configuration, the connecting member is fitted with a movement restricting member for restricting movement of the door body in the in-plane direction, so that deviation of the moving portion from the guide portion can be suppressed. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0025] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the shelter 100 is a concrete enclosure having a floor 104, side walls 103, and a ceiling 102, and an opening 101 is provided in the side walls 103.

[0026] A shelter room 100a is defined by a floor 104, side walls 103, and a ceiling 102.

[0027] The shelter door 1 in this embodiment opens and closes the opening 101 provided in the side wall 103 by moving inside the shelter room 100a with the door body 10 facing the side wall 103. In this embodiment, a configuration is exemplified in which the movement direction of the door body 10 is perpendicular to the side wall 103 (indicated by arrow D), but this is not limited to this. The movement direction of the door body 10 does not necessarily have to be perpendicular to the side wall 103, and further, the side wall 103 and the door body 10 do not have to move while maintaining a parallel state; for example, the door body 10 may move at an angle to the side wall 103.

[0028] The shelter door 1 comprises a door body 10, a thrust device 20, and a link mechanism 30.

[0029] The door body 10 is a roughly rectangular concrete plate-like structure. Note that "concrete" is a general term for unreinforced concrete structure, reinforced concrete structure, composite structure of unreinforced concrete and steel, and composite structure of reinforced concrete and steel. The thickness of the door body 102 is preferably 10 cm to 50 cm, more preferably 20 cm to 50 cm, and even more preferably 30 cm to 50 cm.

[0030] A sliding member 11 (moving portion) is attached to the lower end surface of the door body 10, and the door body 10 is supported via the sliding member 11 by a guide portion 105 provided on the floor 104. The guide portion 105 is configured such that a guide rail 106 is laid on the upper surface of a guide base 107 that protrudes from the floor 104. The upper surface of the guide base 107 and the upper surface of the floor board 120 are almost flush with each other. The guide rail 106 is a strip-shaped member that extends in a direction perpendicular to the opening 101 (side wall 103).

[0031] The guide base 107 is a structural member made of concrete and having a rectangular cross section that extends in the direction in which the door body 10 moves.

[0032] The sliding member 11 is attached to the lower end of the door body 10. The sliding member 11 is a member in which a groove is formed, and covers the upper surface and side surfaces of the guide rail 106. In other words, the sliding member 11 is in contact with the guide rail 106 while straddling the guide rail 106.

[0033] In this embodiment, the sliding member 11 is used as an example of the moving part, but the form of the moving part is not limited to this. For example, the moving part may be a wheel that rolls on the upper surface of the floor board 120.

[0034] One end of the link mechanism 30 is connected to the upper part of the side wall 103 near the opening 101 of the shelter 100 via a second connection device 42, and the other end is connected to a first connection device 41 provided at the upper end of the door body 10.

[0035] The link mechanism 30 has a first link 31 and a second link 32 rotatably connected at a central pivot point P of the first link 31 (see FIG. 2). The first link 31 has a first pivot end 31a and a first moving end 31b. The first pivot end 31a is an end that can rotate but is restricted in movement, and is connected to the upper part of the door body 10 via a first connecting device 41. The first moving end 31b is an end that can rotate and is also movable, and is connected to the upper part of the side wall 103 above the opening 101 via a second connecting device 42 so as to be movable along the direction in which the second connecting device 42 extends (extension direction α).

[0036] The second link 32 has a second pivoting end 32a and a second moving end 32b. The second pivoting end 32a is an end that can pivot but is restricted in movement, and is connected to the top of the side wall 103 above the opening 101 via a second connecting device 42. The second moving end 32b is an end that can pivot and also move, and is connected to the top of the door body 10 via a first connecting device 41 so as to be movable along the direction in which the first connecting device 41 extends (extension direction β).

[0037] The first connection device 41 is attached to the top of the door body 10 in a state parallel to the upper surface of the guide base 107. The second connection device 42 is attached to the side wall 103 above the opening 101 in a state parallel to the upper surface of the guide base 107.

[0038] The attachment positions of the first connecting device 41 and the second connecting device 42 are set so that the first link 31 and the second link 32 are parallel to the upper surface of the guide base 107 .

[0039] When the door body 10 moves in the direction indicated by the arrow γ, the first moving end 31b moves along an imaginary line passing through the second pivoting end 32a and the first moving end 31b, i.e., along the direction in which the second connecting device 42 extends (extension direction α). Also, the second moving end 32b moves along an imaginary line passing through the first pivoting end 31a and the second moving end 32b, i.e., along the direction in which the first connecting device 41 extends (extension direction β).

[0040] The thrust device 20 has a first jack 21 and a second jack 22. One end of the first jack 21 is connected to the ceiling 102 via a ceiling protrusion 112, and the other end is connected to a first connection device 41 provided at the upper end of the door body 10. The first jack 21 and the second jack 22 are electric cylinders with the same specifications.

[0041] One end of the second jack 22 is located directly below the floor board 120 and is connected to the floor 104 via a floor protrusion 115, and the other end is connected to the lower end of the door body 10 via a connecting member 50 provided at the lower end of the door body 10.

[0042] The connecting member 50 is connected to the lower end of the door body 10 and extends toward the floor 104 through a slit S provided in the floorboard 120. The end is connected to the other end of the second jack 22. The slit S is a long, narrow hole that extends in the direction of travel of the door body 10.

[0043] A movement limiting member 51 is attached to the tip of the connecting member 50. The movement limiting member 51 is a device for limiting the movement of the door body 10 in the in-plane direction, and when the door body 10 tries to move significantly in the in-plane direction for some reason, the movement limiting member 51 comes into contact with the side surface of the guide part 105 to suppress the displacement of the door body 10 in the in-plane direction.

[0044] The movement-restricting member 51 is a member that bends at a right angle from the tip of the connecting member 50 and extends toward the side surface of the guide part 105, and has a contact member 50a attached to its tip. The contact member 50a is an impact-absorbing member that absorbs the impact when it comes into contact with the side surface of the guide part 105.

[0045] The operation of the shelter door 1 will now be described.

[0046] By simultaneously extending the rods of the first jack 21 and the second jack 22 by the same length, the door body 10 moves from a state in which the opening 101 is open to a state in which it moves closer to the opening 101 in a direction parallel to the direction in which it closes the opening 101. At this time, the sliding member 11 moves along the guide rail 106. Since the first jack 21 is connected to the upper end of the door body 10 and the second jack 22 is connected to the connecting member 50 that is connected to the lower end of the door body 10, tilting of the door body 10 in the front-to-rear direction is suppressed.

[0047] The first moving end 31b of the link mechanism 30 moves along the direction in which the second connection device 42 provided on the side wall 103 extends (extension direction α), and the second moving end 32b moves along the direction in which the first connection device 41 provided on the upper part of the door body 10 extends (extension direction β). At this time, the first connection device 41 and the second connection device 42 maintain a parallel state. That is, the distance between the first pivoting end 31a and the second moving end 32b maintains a state equal to the distance between the second pivoting end 32a and the first moving end 31b. This allows the door body 10 to maintain a parallel state with the side wall 103 in which the opening 101 is provided. In addition, in-plane displacement of the door body 10 is also restricted.

[0048] The present embodiment is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention (the scope of the claims). [Industrial Applicability]

[0049] The shelter door of the present invention can be opened and closed safely and easily in a short time, allowing many people to evacuate. It is particularly advantageous in that it allows for quick evacuation in the event of a tsunami that strikes in a short time after an earthquake. The use of this shelter door can promote the distribution and popularization of shelters, and therefore has great industrial applicability. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 1: Shelter door 10: Door body 11: Sliding member (moving part) 20: Thrust device 21: First Jack 22: Second jack 30: Link mechanism 31: First link 31a: 1st rotation end 31b: 1st moving end 32: Second link 32a: 2nd rotating end 32b: 2nd moving end 50: Connecting member 51: Movement restriction member 100: Shelter 101: Opening 103: Side wall 104:Floor 105: Guide section

Claims

1. a door body that moves while facing a wall surface of the shelter to open and close an opening provided in the wall surface; a thrust device that moves the door body; a pantograph-type link mechanism for maintaining the position of the door body; The door body has a moving part that is supported by a guide part provided on a floor and can move along the guide part, The link mechanism has a first link and a second link rotatably connected at the center of the first link, the first link having a first pivoting end rotatably connected to the top of the shelter and a first moving end movably connected to the door body along a direction intersecting the direction of travel of the door body, and the second link having a second pivoting end rotatably connected to the door body and a second moving end movably connected to the top of the shelter along a direction intersecting the direction of travel of the door body.

2. 2. The shelter door according to claim 1, wherein one end of the link mechanism is connected to an upper portion of the shelter, and the other end is connected to an upper end portion of the door body.

3. The shelter door described in claim 1, characterized in that the thrust device has a first jack and a second jack, one end of the first jack connected to the ceiling and the other end connected to the upper end of the door body, and one end of the second jack connected to the floor and the other end connected to the lower end of the door body.

4. The shelter door according to claim 3, characterized in that the other end of the second jack is connected to the lower end of the door body via a connecting member connected to the lower end of the door body.

5. The shelter door according to claim 4, wherein the connecting member is fitted with a movement restricting member for restricting movement of the door body in an in-plane direction.

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